101
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Li Y, Luo Y, Liu W, Cui M, Kumar J, Jiang B, Chu L, Li M. Specific distribution of the light captured by silver nanowire. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:9225-9231. [PMID: 28437998 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.009225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The silver nanowire (AgNW) has excellent light capture ability, showing great prospects in many fields. Based on discrete dipole approximation simulations, it is found that the captured light can be subdivided into three parts: the near-field light occupies ~27.3%, mainly confined around the nanowire with a distance <20nm; the far-field part occupies ~59.6%, showing a dramatic conical distribution; and ~13.1% is ohmically absorbed. These insights are helpful to estimate the limited performance of AgNW-based device utilizing each subdivision, and locate the functional zone. Besides, we found that the light capture efficiency of AgNW can be easily controlled as it increases linearly with nanowire length.
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102
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Kafle B, Poveda M, Habteyes TG. Surface Ligand-Mediated Plasmon-Driven Photochemical Reactions. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:890-894. [PMID: 28177626 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Contrary to the general expectation that surface ligands reduce the reactivity of surfaces by blocking the active sites, we present experimental evidence that surface ligands can in fact increase reactivity and induce important reaction pathways in plasmon-driven surface photochemistry. The remarkable effect of surface ligands is demonstrated by comparing the photochemistry of p-aminothiophenol (PATP) on resonant plasmonic gold nanorods (AuNRs) in the presence of citrate, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and no surface ligands under visible light irradiation. The use of AuNRs with citrate and no surface ligand results in the usual azo-coupling reaction. In contrast, CTAB-coated AuNRs oxidize PATP primarily to p-nitrothiophenol (PNTP). Strong correlation has been observed between the N-O and Au-Br vibration band intensities, suggesting that CTAB influences the reaction pathway through the Br- counterions that can minimize the electron-hole recombination rate by reacting with the hole and hence increasing the concentration of hot electrons that drive the oxidation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijesh Kafle
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, and Center for High Technology Materials, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Marisa Poveda
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, and Center for High Technology Materials, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Terefe G Habteyes
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, and Center for High Technology Materials, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
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103
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Fabrication of single-crystalline plasmonic nanostructures on transparent and flexible amorphous substrates. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42859. [PMID: 28216626 PMCID: PMC5316943 DOI: 10.1038/srep42859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A new experimental technique is developed for producing a high-performance single-crystalline Ag nanostructure on transparent and flexible amorphous substrates for use in plasmonic sensors and circuit components. This technique is based on the epitaxial growth of Ag on a (001)-oriented single-crystalline NaCl substrate, which is subsequently dissolved in ultrapure water to allow the Ag film to be transferred onto a wide range of different substrates. Focused ion beam milling is then used to create an Ag nanoarray structure consisting of 200 cuboid nanoparticles with a side length of 160 nm and sharp, precise edges. This array exhibits a strong signal and a sharp peak in plasmonic properties and Raman intensity when compared with a polycrystalline Ag nanoarray.
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104
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Ren J, Gu Y, Zhao D, Zhang F, Zhang T, Gong Q. Evanescent-Vacuum-Enhanced Photon-Exciton Coupling and Fluorescence Collection. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:073604. [PMID: 28256881 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.073604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An evanescent optical mode existing in various nanophotonic structures always acts as a cavity mode rather than an electromagnetic vacuum in the study of cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED). Here we show that taking the evanescent mode as an electromagnetic vacuum in which the nanocavity is located is possible through the optical mode design. The proposed evanescent vacuum enables us to enhance both the reversible photon-exciton interaction and fluorescence collection. By embedding the custom-designed plasmon nanocavity into the evanescent vacuum provided by a metallic or dielectric nanowire, the photon-exciton coupling coefficient can achieve 4.2 times that in vacuum due to the exponential decay of the evanescent wave, and spontaneously emitted photons with Rabi splitting can be guided by an evanescent wave with a collection efficiency of 47% at most. Electromagnetic vacuum engineering at subwavelength scale holds promise for controlling the light-matter interaction in quantum optics, CQED, and on-chip quantum information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ying Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Dongxing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tiancai Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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105
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Zhang B, Bian Y, Ren L, Guo F, Tang SY, Mao Z, Liu X, Sun J, Gong J, Guo X, Huang TJ. Hybrid Dielectric-loaded Nanoridge Plasmonic Waveguide for Low-Loss Light Transmission at the Subwavelength Scale. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40479. [PMID: 28091583 PMCID: PMC5238436 DOI: 10.1038/srep40479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The emerging development of the hybrid plasmonic waveguide has recently received significant attention owing to its remarkable capability of enabling subwavelength field confinement and great transmission distance. Here we report a guiding approach that integrates hybrid plasmon polariton with dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguiding. By introducing a deep-subwavelength dielectric ridge between a dielectric slab and a metallic substrate, a hybrid dielectric-loaded nanoridge plasmonic waveguide is formed. The waveguide features lower propagation loss than its conventional hybrid waveguiding counterpart, while maintaining strong optical confinement at telecommunication wavelengths. Through systematic structural parameter tuning, we realize an efficient balance between confinement and attenuation of the fundamental hybrid mode, and we demonstrate the tolerance of its properties despite fabrication imperfections. Furthermore, we show that the waveguide concept can be extended to other metal/dielectric composites as well, including metal-insulator-metal and insulator-metal-insulator configurations. Our hybrid dielectric-loaded nanoridge plasmonic platform may serve as a fundamental building block for various functional photonic components and be used in applications such as sensing, nanofocusing, and nanolasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Fluid Machinery and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yusheng Bian
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Liqiang Ren
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Shi-Yang Tang
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Zhangming Mao
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- Department of Fluid Machinery and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jinju Sun
- Department of Fluid Machinery and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jianying Gong
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xiasheng Guo
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics (MOE), Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P.R. China
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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106
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Makarov V, Zueva L, Golubeva T, Korneeva E, Khmelinskii I, Inyushin M. Quantum mechanism of light transmission by the intermediate filaments in some specialized optically transparent cells. NEUROPHOTONICS 2017; 4:011005. [PMID: 27570792 PMCID: PMC4985621 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.4.1.011005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Some very transparent cells in the optical tract of vertebrates, such as the lens fiber cells, possess certain types of specialized intermediate filaments (IFs) that have essential significance for their transparency. The exact mechanism describing why the IFs are so important for transparency is unknown. Recently, transparency was described also in the retinal Müller cells (MCs). We report that the main processes of the MCs contain bundles of long specialized IFs, each about 10 nm in diameter; most likely, these filaments are the channels providing light transmission to the photoreceptor cells in mammalian and avian retinas. We interpret the transmission of light in such channels using the notions of quantum confinement, describing energy transport in structures with electroconductive walls and diameter much smaller than the wavelength of the respective photons. Model calculations produce photon transmission efficiency in such channels exceeding 0.8, in optimized geometry. We infer that protein molecules make up the channels, proposing a qualitative mechanism of light transmission by such structures. The developed model may be used to describe light transmission by the IFs in any transparent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Makarov
- University of Puerto Rico, Department of Physics, Rio Piedras Campus, P.O. Box 23343, San Juan 00931-3343, Puerto Rico
| | - Lidia Zueva
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatiana Golubeva
- Lomonosov State University, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Elena Korneeva
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Butlerova Street 5a, Moscow 117485, Russia
| | - Igor Khmelinskii
- Universidade do Algarve, Centro de Investigação em Química do Algarve (CIQA), Faro 8005-139, Portugal
| | - Mikhail Inyushin
- Universidad Central del Caribe, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Bayamón 00960-6032, Puerto Rico
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107
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Kansara S, Gupta SK, Sonvane Y, Lukačević I. Modeling of diameter-dependent Fe and Co ultrathin nanowires from first-principles calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:15412-15423. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02072d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We present the electronic, magnetic, thermoelectric and optical properties of ferromagnetic metal nanowires (NWs) made of iron (Fe) and cobalt (Co) atoms with different diameter using a first principles approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Kansara
- Advanced Materials Lab
- Department of Applied Physics
- S.V. National Institute of Technology
- Surat 395007
- India
| | - Sanjeev K. Gupta
- Computational Materials and Nanoscience Group
- Department of Physics
- St. Xavier's College
- Ahmedabad 380009
- India
| | - Yogesh Sonvane
- Advanced Materials Lab
- Department of Applied Physics
- S.V. National Institute of Technology
- Surat 395007
- India
| | - Igor Lukačević
- Applied Nanomaterials Group
- Department of Physics
- Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek
- 31000 Osijek
- Croatia
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108
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Zhang XY, Zhou HL, Shan F, Xue XM, Su D, Liu YR, Chen YZ, Wu JY, Zhang T. Synthesis of silver nanoplate based two-dimension plasmonic platform from 25 nm to 40 μm: growth mechanism and optical characteristic investigation in situ. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10952k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We show high-purity synthesis, structural engineering and in situ optical investigation of a 2D plasmonic platform using huge silver nanoplates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yang Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan-Li Zhou
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Shan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Mei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Inertial Instrument and Advanced Navigation Technology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Instrument Science and Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
| | - Dan Su
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Inertial Instrument and Advanced Navigation Technology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Instrument Science and Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
| | - Yi-Ran Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Zhang Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Yuan Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- People’s Republic of China
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109
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Landreman PE, Chalabi H, Park J, Brongersma ML. Fabry-Perot description for Mie resonances of rectangular dielectric nanowire optical resonators. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:29760-29772. [PMID: 28059361 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.029760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We show that a dielectric nanowire (NW) with a rectangular cross section can effectively be modeled as a Fabry-Perot cavity formed by truncating a dielectric slab waveguide. By calculating the mode indices of the supported waveguide modes and the reflection phase pickup of the guided waves from the end facets, we can numerically predict the spectral locations of optical, Mie-like resonances for such NWs. This type of analysis must be performed twice in order to account for all resonances of these structures, corresponding to light propagating in the vertical or horizontal directions. The model shows excellent agreement with full-field simulations. We show how the refractive index of both the NW itself and neighboring materials and substrates impact the resonant properties. Our results can aid the development of NW-based optoelectronic devices, for which rectangular cross sections are much simpler to fabricate using top-down fabrication procedures.
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110
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Super-resolution imaging of light-matter interactions near single semiconductor nanowires. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13950. [PMID: 27996010 PMCID: PMC5187462 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanophotonics is becoming invaluable for an expanding range of applications, from controlling the spontaneous emission rate and the directionality of quantum emitters, to reducing material requirements of solar cells by an order of magnitude. These effects are highly dependent on the near field of the nanostructure, which constitutes the evanescent fields from propagating and resonant localized modes. Although the interactions between quantum emitters and nanophotonic structures are increasingly well understood theoretically, directly imaging these interactions experimentally remains challenging. Here we demonstrate a photoactivated localization microscopy-based technique to image emitter-nanostructure interactions. For a 75 nm diameter silicon nanowire, we directly observe a confluence of emission rate enhancement, directivity modification and guided mode excitation, with strong interaction at scales up to 13 times the nanowire diameter. Furthermore, through analytical modelling we distinguish the relative contribution of these effects, as well as their dependence on emitter orientation.
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111
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Jia Z, Wei H, Pan D, Xu H. Direction-resolved radiation from polarization-controlled surface plasmon modes on silver nanowire antennas. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:20118-20124. [PMID: 27898124 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr07242a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Metallic nanowires (NWs) support multiple surface plasmon (SP) modes, which lead to extraordinary SP propagation behaviors. The leaky SP modes in metallic NWs connect the guiding and radiation of light at the nanometer scale. Understanding and controlling these modes are of vital importance for various nanophotonic applications. Here, we investigate the radiation from two polarization-controlled SP modes on supported silver NWs by using leakage radiation imaging and Fourier imaging techniques. The radiation directions from these modes can be clearly resolved from the Fourier images. The radiation polarization of the SP modes is related to the polarization of the excitation light. By depositing thin Al2O3 films onto silver NWs or decreasing the excitation wavelength, the radiation angles and wave vectors of the two modes are increased, and the longitudinal mode is more sensitive to Al2O3 thickness. Moreover, the propagation length of the longitudinal mode is obtained by analyzing the leakage radiation images, which is decreased with the decrease of the excitation wavelength and the increase of the Al2O3 layer thickness. These results show that leakage radiation from different SP modes on silver NWs can be resolved directly and controlled effectively. The supported silver NWs can thus be applied to designing plasmonic circuits, nanoantennas and nanosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Hong Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Deng Pan
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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112
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Kuo PC, Chen GY, Chen YN. Scattering of nanowire surface plasmons coupled to quantum dots with azimuthal angle difference. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37766. [PMID: 27892942 PMCID: PMC5125278 DOI: 10.1038/srep37766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Coherent scatterings of surface plasmons coupled to quantun dots have attracted great attention in plasmonics. Recently, an experiment has shown that the quantum dots located nearby a nanowire can be separated not only in distance, but also an angle ϕ along the cylindrical direction. Here, by using the real-space Hamiltonian and the transfer matrix method, we analytically obtain the transmission/reflection spectra of nanowire surface plasmons coupled to quantum dots with an azimuthal angle difference. We find that the scattering spectra can show completely different features due to different positions and azimuthal angles of the quantum dots. When additionally coupling a cavity to the dots, we obtain the Fano-like line shape in the transmission and reflection spectra due to the interference between the localized and delocalized modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chen Kuo
- Department of Physics, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Guang-Yin Chen
- Department of Physics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Nan Chen
- Department of Physics, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.,Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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113
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Mayer M, Tebbe M, Kuttner C, Schnepf MJ, König TAF, Fery A. Template-assisted colloidal self-assembly of macroscopic magnetic metasurfaces. Faraday Discuss 2016; 191:159-176. [PMID: 27411967 PMCID: PMC5058348 DOI: 10.1039/c6fd00013d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a template-assisted colloidal self-assembly approach for magnetic metasurfaces on macroscopic areas. The choice of anisotropic colloidal particle geometry, assembly pattern and metallic film is based on rational design criteria, taking advantage of mirror-charge effects for gold nanorods placed on gold film. Monodisperse gold nanorods prepared utilizing wet-chemistry are arranged with high precision on wrinkled templates to form linear array-type assemblies and subsequently transferred to a thin gold film. Due to the obtained particle-to-film distance of 1.1 nm, the plasmonic mode of the nanorod is able to couple efficiently with the supporting metallic film, giving rise to a magnetic mode in the visible spectrum (721 nm). Conventional UV-vis-NIR measurements in close correlation with electromagnetic simulations provide evidence for the presence of a magnetic resonance on the macroscopic area. The herein presented scalable lithography-free fabrication process paves the road towards colloidal functional metasurfaces with an optical response in the effective magnetic permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Mayer
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. , Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics , Hohe Str. 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany . ;
- Cluster of Excellence Centre for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Moritz Tebbe
- Department of Physical Chemistry II , University of Bayreuth , Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth , Germany
| | - Christian Kuttner
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. , Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics , Hohe Str. 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany . ;
- Cluster of Excellence Centre for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Max J. Schnepf
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. , Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics , Hohe Str. 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany . ;
| | - Tobias A. F. König
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. , Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics , Hohe Str. 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany . ;
- Cluster of Excellence Centre for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden , Fakultät Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. , Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics , Hohe Str. 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany . ;
- Cluster of Excellence Centre for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymeric Materials , Technische Universität Dresden , Hohe Str. 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany
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114
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Hua J, Wu F, Xu Z, Wang W. Influence of symmetry breaking degrees on surface plasmon polaritons propagation in branched silver nanowire waveguides. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34418. [PMID: 27677403 PMCID: PMC5039628 DOI: 10.1038/srep34418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs)-based nanowire (NW) waveguides demonstrate promising potentials in the integrated nanophotonic circuits and devices. The realization of controlling SPPs propagation in NWs is significant for the performance of nanophotonic devices when employed for special function. In this work, we report the effect of symmetry breaking degrees on SPPs propagation behavior in manually fabricated branched silver NW structures. The symmetry breaking degree can be tuned by the angle between main NW and branch NW, which influences the emissions at the junction and the main NW terminal in a large extent. Our results illustrate the significance of symmetry breaking degree on SPPs propagation in NW-based waveguides which is crucial for designing the future nanophotonic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Hua
- School of science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Fan Wu
- School of science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhongfeng Xu
- School of science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- School of science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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115
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Lee K, Kim J, Yun H, Lee GY, Lee B. Interferometric control of plasmonic resonator based on polarization-sensitive excitation of surface plasmon polaritons. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:21861-21868. [PMID: 27661921 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.021861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A plasmonic resonator is proposed whose electromagnetic energy density can be tuned by the polarization state of the incident light. Counter-propagating surface plasmon polaritons, which are excited by polarization-sensitive subwavelength apertures, give tunability. Stored energy density in the resonator varies from the minimum to the maximum when the orientation angle of the incoming electric field rotates by 90 degrees. After optimizing a rectangular cavity and periodic gratings, the on/off ratio is calculated as 430 and measured as 1.55. Based on our scheme, interferometric control is executed simply by rotation of a polarizer. The proposed plasmonic resonator can be utilized in all-optically controlled active plasmonic devices, coherent network elements, particle trapping systems, and polarimeters.
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116
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Wireless communication system via nanoscale plasmonic antennas. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31710. [PMID: 27555451 PMCID: PMC4995427 DOI: 10.1038/srep31710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Present on-chip optical communication technology uses near-infrared light, but visible wavelengths would allow system miniaturization and higher energy confinement. Towards this end, we report a nanoscale wireless communication system that operates at visible wavelengths via in-plane information transmission. Here, plasmonic antenna radiation mediates a three-step conversion process (surface plasmon → photon → surface plasmon) with in-plane efficiency (plasmon → plasmon) of 38% for antenna separation 4λ0 (with λ0 the free-space excitation wavelength). Information transmission is demonstrated at bandwidths in the Hz and MHz ranges. This work opens the possibility of optical conveyance of information using plasmonic antennas for on-chip communication technology.
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117
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Gwo S, Shih CK. Semiconductor plasmonic nanolasers: current status and perspectives. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2016; 79:086501. [PMID: 27459210 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/79/8/086501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Scaling down semiconductor lasers in all three dimensions holds the key to the development of compact, low-threshold, and ultrafast coherent light sources, as well as integrated optoelectronic and plasmonic circuits. However, the minimum size of conventional semiconductor lasers utilizing dielectric cavity resonators (photonic cavities) is limited by the diffraction limit. To date, surface plasmon amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (spaser)-based plasmonic nanolaser is the only photon and plasmon-emitting device capable of this remarkable feat. Specifically, it has been experimentally demonstrated that the use of plasmonic cavities based on metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) nanostructures can indeed break the diffraction limit in all three dimensions. In this review, we present an updated overview of the current status for plasmonic nanolasers using the MIS configuration and other related metal-cladded semiconductor microlasers. In particular, by using composition-varied indium gallium nitride/gallium nitride core-shell nanorods, it is possible to realize all-color, single-mode nanolasers in the full visible wavelength range with ultralow continuous-wave (CW) lasing thresholds. The lasing action in these subdiffraction plasmonic cavities is achieved via a unique auto-tuning mechanism based on the property of weak size dependence inherent in plasmonic nanolasers. As for the choice of metals in the plasmonic structures, epitaxial silver films and giant colloidal silver crystals have been shown to be the superior constituent materials for plasmonic cavities due to their low plasmonic losses in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) spectral regions. In this review, we also provide some perspectives on the challenges and opportunities in this exciting new research frontier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangjr Gwo
- Department of Physics, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
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118
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Kuzmin DA, Bychkov IV, Shavrov VG, Temnov VV. Giant Faraday Rotation of High-Order Plasmonic Modes in Graphene-Covered Nanowires. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:4391-4395. [PMID: 27348746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic Faraday rotation in nanowires manifests itself in the rotation of the spatial intensity distribution of high-order surface plasmon polariton (SPP) modes around the nanowire axis. Here we predict theoretically the giant Faraday rotation for SPPs propagating on graphene-coated magneto-optically active nanowires. Upon the reversal of the external magnetic field pointing along the nanowire axis some high-order plasmonic modes may be rotated by up to ∼100° on the length scale of about 500 nm at mid-infrared frequencies. Tuning the carrier concentration in graphene by chemical doping or gate voltage allows for controlling SPP-properties and notably the rotation angle of high-order azimuthal modes. Our results open the door to novel plasmonic applications ranging from nanowire-based Faraday isolators to the magnetic control in quantum-optical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A Kuzmin
- Department of Radio-Physics and Electronics, Chelyabinsk State University , Br. Kashirinykh Street 129, 454001 Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
- South Ural State University (National Research University) , 76 Lenin Prospekt, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russian Federation
| | - Igor V Bychkov
- Department of Radio-Physics and Electronics, Chelyabinsk State University , Br. Kashirinykh Street 129, 454001 Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
- South Ural State University (National Research University) , 76 Lenin Prospekt, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir G Shavrov
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radio-engeneering and Electronics of RAS , 11/7 Mokhovaya Street, Moscow 125009, Russian Federation
| | - Vasily V Temnov
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans, UMR CNRS 6283, Université du Maine , 72085 Le Mans cedex, France and
- Abteilung Physikalische Chemie, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft , Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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119
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Gwo S, Chen HY, Lin MH, Sun L, Li X. Nanomanipulation and controlled self-assembly of metal nanoparticles and nanocrystals for plasmonics. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:5672-5716. [PMID: 27406697 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00450d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) associated with metallic nanostructures offer unique possibilities for light concentration beyond the diffraction limit, which can lead to strong field confinement and enhancement in deep subwavelength regions. In recent years, many transformative plasmonic applications have emerged, taking advantage of the spectral and spatial tunability of LSPRs enabled by near-field coupling between constituent metallic nanostructures in a variety of plasmonic metastructures (dimers, metamolecules, metasurfaces, metamaterials, etc.). For example, the "hot spot" formed at the interstitial site (gap) between two coupled metallic nanostructures in a plasmonic dimer can be spectrally tuned via the gap size. Capitalizing on these capabilities, there have been significant advances in plasmon enhanced or enabled applications in light-based science and technology, including ultrahigh-sensitivity spectroscopies, light energy harvesting, photocatalysis, biomedical imaging and theranostics, optical sensing, nonlinear optics, ultrahigh-density data storage, as well as plasmonic metamaterials and metasurfaces exhibiting unusual linear and nonlinear optical properties. In this review, we present two complementary approaches for fabricating plasmonic metastructures. We discuss how meta-atoms can be assembled into unique plasmonic metastructures using a variety of nanomanipulation methods based on single- or multiple-probes in an atomic force microscope (AFM) or a scanning electron microscope (SEM), optical tweezers, and focused electron-beam nanomanipulation. We also provide a few examples of nanoparticle metamolecules with designed properties realized in such well-controlled plasmonic metastructures. For the spatial controllability on the mesoscopic and macroscopic scales, we show that controlled self-assembly is the method of choice to realize scalable two-dimensional, and three-dimensional plasmonic metastructures. In the section of applications, we discuss some key examples of plasmonic applications based on individual hot spots or ensembles of hot spots with high uniformity and improved controllability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangjr Gwo
- Department of Physics, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
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120
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Mai W, Yu L, Wang W. Facile Biomolecule-assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of Ag Nanowires with Baseball-like Tips. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.160268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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121
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Hua J, Wu F, Fan F, Wang W, Xu Z, Li F. Synthesis and surface plasmonic properties of ultra-thick silver nanowires. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2016; 28:254005. [PMID: 27168085 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/25/254005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Metallic nanowires (NWs) possess significant potential for applications in integrated photonic and electronic devices at the nanoscale. Considering the manipulation of NWs and energy loss associated with surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) modes which serve as signal carriers in the nanophotonic devices, NWs with large diameters are significant. In this work, we report a successive multi-step polyol process approach for the synthesis of ultra-thick silver nanowires (Ag NWs) and investigate their energy loss. Thin Ag NWs prepared in the first step are used as seeds for the further growth of thick Ag NWs in the subsequent steps, where Ag NWs with diameter as large as 1820 nm have been prepared. We further investigate the SPP propagation properties of these thick Ag NWs, and find that energy loss is decreased in Ag NWs with improved diameter. Our experimental results are important for the design and fabrication of SPP-based nanophotonic components and circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Hua
- School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, People's Republic of China
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122
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San Román E, Vitrey A, Buencuerpo J, Prieto I, Llorens JM, García-Martín A, Alén B, Chaudhuri A, Neumann A, Brueck SRJ, Ripalda JM. Cloaking of solar cell contacts at the onset of Rayleigh scattering. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28669. [PMID: 27339390 PMCID: PMC4919638 DOI: 10.1038/srep28669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrical contacts on the top surface of solar cells and light emitting diodes cause
shadow losses. The phenomenon of extraordinary optical transmission through arrays
of subwavelength holes suggests the possibility of engineering such contacts to
reduce the shadow using plasmonics, but resonance effects occur only at specific
wavelengths. Here we describe instead a broadband effect of enhanced light
transmission through arrays of subwavelength metallic wires, due to the fact that,
in the absence of resonances, metal wires asymptotically tend to invisibility in the
small size limit regardless of the fraction of the device area taken up by the
contacts. The effect occurs for wires more than an order of magnitude thicker than
the transparency limit for metal thin films. Finite difference in time domain
calculations predict that it is possible to have high cloaking efficiencies in a
broadband wavelength range, and we experimentally demonstrate contact shadow losses
less than half of the geometric shadow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etor San Román
- IMM-Instituto de Microelectrónica de Madrid (CNM-CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, PTM, E-28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alan Vitrey
- IMM-Instituto de Microelectrónica de Madrid (CNM-CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, PTM, E-28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jerónimo Buencuerpo
- IMM-Instituto de Microelectrónica de Madrid (CNM-CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, PTM, E-28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iván Prieto
- IMM-Instituto de Microelectrónica de Madrid (CNM-CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, PTM, E-28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Llorens
- IMM-Instituto de Microelectrónica de Madrid (CNM-CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, PTM, E-28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Martín
- IMM-Instituto de Microelectrónica de Madrid (CNM-CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, PTM, E-28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Benito Alén
- IMM-Instituto de Microelectrónica de Madrid (CNM-CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, PTM, E-28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anabil Chaudhuri
- Center for High Technology Materials, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Alexander Neumann
- Center for High Technology Materials, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - S R J Brueck
- Center for High Technology Materials, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - José M Ripalda
- IMM-Instituto de Microelectrónica de Madrid (CNM-CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, PTM, E-28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
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123
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Integrated ultracompact and broadband wavelength demultiplexer based on multi-component nano-cavities. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27428. [PMID: 27263859 PMCID: PMC4893661 DOI: 10.1038/srep27428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrated nanoscale photonic devices have wide applications ranging from optical interconnects and optical computing to optical communications. Wavelength demultiplexer is an essential on-chip optical component which can separate the incident wavelength into different channels; however, the experimental progress is very limited. Here, using a multi-component nano-cavity design, we realize an ultracompact, broadband and high-contrast wavelength demultiplexer, with 2.3 μm feature size, 200 nm operation bandwidth (from 780 nm to 980 nm) and a contrast ratio up to 13.7 dB. The physical mechanism is based on the strong modulation of the surface plasmon polaritons induced by the multi-component nano-cavities, and it can be generalized to other nanoscale photonic devices. This provides a strategy for constructing on-chip photon routers, and also has applications for chip-integrated optical filter and optical logic gates.
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124
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Gao Z, Gao F, Xu H, Zhang Y, Zhang B. Localized spoof surface plasmons in textured open metal surfaces. OPTICS LETTERS 2016; 41:2181-2184. [PMID: 27176957 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.002181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate that textured open metal surfaces, i.e., the ultrathin fan-shaped metallic strips, are able to support spoof localized surface plasmons (spoof-LSPs) in the microwave frequencies. Unlike conventional spoof-LSPs supported on textured closed metal surfaces, which originate from the interference of clockwise and counterclockwise propagating surface modes, spoof-LSPs on textured open metal surfaces arise from the Fabry-Perot-like resonances due to the terminations of the open surfaces. We show that both the number of modes and the resonance frequencies of spoof-LSPs on textured open metal surfaces can be engineered through tuning the grating numbers (or total length) of the structured fan-shaped metallic strip. This enables the tuning of the spoof-plasmonic resonator by simply changing its length, rather than the complete geometry, simplifying the design to just one degree of freedom. Experimental evidence of the spoof-LSP Fabry-Perot resonators in the microwave regimes is presented with near-field response spectra and mode profiles imaged directly.
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125
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Orientation-and polarization-dependent optical properties of the single Ag nanowire/glass substrate system excited by the evanescent wave. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25633. [PMID: 27157123 PMCID: PMC4860604 DOI: 10.1038/srep25633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
As an important plasmon one-dimensional material, orientation- and polarization-dependent properties of single Ag nanowires/glass substrate system are investigated by a powerful platform consisting of evanescent wave excitation, near-/far-field detection and a micromanipulator. In the case of the nanowire perpendicular or parallel to the incident plane and p- ors-polarized evanescent excitation respectively, optical properties of the nanowire is measured both in far-field and near-field. For the perpendicular situation, scattering light from the nanowire shows strong dependence on the polarization of incident light, and period patterns along the nanowire are observed both in the near- and far-field. The chain of dipole model is used to explain the origin of this pattern. The discrepancy of the period patterns observed in the near- and far-field is due to the different resolution of the near- and far-field detection. For the parallel case, light intensity from the output end also depends on the incident polarization. Both experimental and calculation results show that the polarization dependence effect results from the surface plasmon excitation. These results on the orientation- and polarization-dependent properties of the Ag nanowires detected by the combination of near- and far-field methods would be helpful to understand interactions of one-dimensional plasmonic nanostructures with light.
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126
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de Torres J, Ferrand P, Colas des Francs G, Wenger J. Coupling Emitters and Silver Nanowires to Achieve Long-Range Plasmon-Mediated Fluorescence Energy Transfer. ACS NANO 2016; 10:3968-3976. [PMID: 27019008 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The development of quantum plasmonic circuitry requires efficient coupling between quantum emitters and plasmonic waveguides. A major experimental challenge is to simultaneously maximize the surface plasmon propagation length, the coupling efficiency into the plasmonic mode, and the Purcell factor. Addressing this challenge is also the key to enabling long-range energy transfer between quantum nanoemitters. Here, we use a dual-beam scanning confocal microscope to carefully investigate the interactions between fluorescent nanoparticles and surface plasmons on single-crystalline silver nanowires. By exciting the fluorescent nanoparticles via nanowire surface plasmons, we maximize the light-matter interactions and reach coupling efficiencies up to 44% together with 24× lifetime reduction and 4.1 μm propagation lengths. This improved optical performance enables the demonstration of long-range plasmon-mediated fluorescence energy transfer between two nanoparticles separated by micrometer distance. Our results provide guidelines toward practical realizations of efficient long-range fluorescence energy transfer for integrated plasmonics and quantum nano-optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan de Torres
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel , UMR 7249, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Patrick Ferrand
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel , UMR 7249, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Gérard Colas des Francs
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CNRS, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB) , UMR 6303, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Jérôme Wenger
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel , UMR 7249, 13013 Marseille, France
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127
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Kwon K, Jung Y, Kim M, Shim J, Yu K. Randomly Distributed Fabry-Pérot-type Metal Nanowire Resonators and Their Lasing Action. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24898. [PMID: 27102220 PMCID: PMC4840363 DOI: 10.1038/srep24898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical feedback mechanisms are often obtained from well-defined resonator structures fabricated by top-down processes. Here, we demonstrate that two-dimensional networks of metallic nanowires dispersed on the semiconductor slab can provide strong in-plane optical feedback and, thus, form randomly-distributed Fabry-Pérot-type resonators that can achieve multi- or single-mode lasing action in the near infrared wavelengths. Albeit with their subwavelength-scale cross-sections and uncontrolled inter-nanowire distances, a cluster of nearly parallel metal nanowires acts as an effective in-situ reflector for the semiconductor-metal slab waveguide modes for coherent optical feedback in the lateral direction. Fabry-Pérot type resonance can be readily developed by a pair of such clusters coincidentally formed in the solution-processed random nanowire network. Our low-cost and large-area approach for opportunistic random cavity formation would open a new pathway for integrated planar light sources for low-coherence imaging and sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungmok Kwon
- School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Youngho Jung
- School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Minkyung Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Jaeho Shim
- School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Kyoungsik Yu
- School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
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128
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Glycerol and Water Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanowires in the Presence of Cobalt Chloride as Growth Promoting Additive. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-016-0362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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129
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Johns P, Yu K, Devadas MS, Hartland GV. Role of Resonances in the Transmission of Surface Plasmon Polaritons between Nanostructures. ACS NANO 2016; 10:3375-3381. [PMID: 26866536 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b07185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) propagate in metal nanostructures is important for the development of plasmonic devices. In this paper, we study the transmission of SPPs between single-crystal gold nanobars on a glass substrate using transient absorption microscopy. The coupled structures were produced by creating gaps in single nanobars by focused ion beam milling. SPPs were launched by focusing the pump laser at the end of the nanobar, and the transmission across the gaps was imaged by scanning the probe laser over the nanostructure. The results show larger losses at small gap sizes. Finite element method calculations were used to investigate this effect. The calculations show two main modes for nanobars on a glass surface: a leaky mode localized at the air-gold interface, and a bound mode localized at the glass-gold interface. At specific gap sizes (approximately 50 nm for our system), these SPP modes can excite localized surface plasmon modes associated with the gap, which dissipate energy. This increases the energy losses at small gap sizes. Experiments and simulations were also performed for the nanobars in microscope immersion oil, which creates a more homogeneous optical environment, and consistent results were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Johns
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Kuai Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Mary Sajini Devadas
- Department of Chemistry, Towson University , Towson, Maryland 21252, United States
| | - Gregory V Hartland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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130
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Im SJ, Ho KS, Wang QQ, Husakou A, Herrmann J. Nonlinearity of surface-plasmon polaritons in sub-wavelength metal nanowires. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:6162-6171. [PMID: 27136810 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.006162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the nonlinear propagation of surface plasmon polaritons guided on gold nanowires surrounded by silica glass. Based on the Lorentz reciprocity theorem, we derive a formula for the complex nonlinear susceptibility, and study its dependence on waveguide parameters and wavelength for the fundamental mode. Depending on these parameters both positive and negative signs of the real and imaginary parts of the nonlinear coefficient are predicted. This implies that nanowires exhibit the property of saturable absorption or optical limiting as well as positive and negative nonlinear phase shifts. The physical origin of this phenomenon is discussed.
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131
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Armao JJ, Domoto Y, Umehara T, Maaloum M, Contal C, Fuks G, Moulin E, Decher G, Javahiraly N, Giuseppone N. Supramolecular Organic Nanowires as Plasmonic Interconnects. ACS NANO 2016; 10:2082-2090. [PMID: 26814600 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b06294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Metallic nanostructures are able to interact with an incident electromagnetic field at subwavelength scales by plasmon resonance which involves the collective oscillation of conduction electrons localized at their surfaces. Among several possible applications of this phenomenon, the theoretical prediction is that optical circuits connecting multiple plasmonic elements will surpass classical electronic circuits at nanoscale because of their much faster light-based information processing. However, the placement and coupling of metallic elements smaller than optical wavelengths currently remain a formidable challenge by top-down manipulations. Here, we show that organic supramolecular triarylamine nanowires of ≈1 nm in diameter are able to act as plasmonic waveguides. Their self-assembly into plasmonic interconnects between arrays of gold nanoparticles leads to the bottom-up construction of basic optical nanocircuits. When the resonance modes of these metallic nanoparticles are coupled through the organic nanowires, the optical conductivity of the plasmonic layer dramatically increases from 259 to 4271 Ω(-1)·cm(-1). We explain this effect by the coupling of a hot electron/hole pair in the nanoparticle antenna with the half-filled polaronic band of the organic nanowire. We also demonstrate that the whole hybrid system can be described by using the abstraction of the lumped circuit theory, with a far field optical response which depends on the number of interconnects. Overall, our supramolecular bottom-up approach opens the possibility to implement processable, soft, and low cost organic plasmonic interconnects into a large number of applications going from sensing to metamaterials and information technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Armao
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg , CNRS 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2, France
- Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg , CNRS 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2, France
| | - Yuya Domoto
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg , CNRS 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2, France
- Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg , CNRS 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2, France
| | - Teruhiko Umehara
- Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg , CNRS 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2, France
| | - Mounir Maaloum
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg , CNRS 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2, France
- Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg , CNRS 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2, France
| | - Christophe Contal
- Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg , CNRS 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2, France
| | - Gad Fuks
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg , CNRS 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2, France
- Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg , CNRS 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2, France
| | - Emilie Moulin
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg , CNRS 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2, France
- Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg , CNRS 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2, France
| | - Gero Decher
- Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg , CNRS 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2, France
| | - Nicolas Javahiraly
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie (ICUBE), University of Strasbourg , CNRS 300 bd Sébastien Brant, CS 10413, Illkirch 67412 Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg , CNRS 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2, France
- Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg , CNRS 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2, France
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132
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Li YJ, Lv Y, Zou CL, Zhang W, Yao J, Zhao YS. Output Coupling of Perovskite Lasers from Embedded Nanoscale Plasmonic Waveguides. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:2122-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jun Li
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuanchao Lv
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chang-Ling Zou
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yong Sheng Zhao
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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133
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Li YJ, Yan Y, Zhao YS, Yao J. Construction of Nanowire Heterojunctions: Photonic Function-Oriented Nanoarchitectonics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:1319-1326. [PMID: 26488887 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201502577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanophotonics has received broad research interest because it may provide an alternative opportunity to overcome the fundamental limitations of electronic circuits. So far, diverse photonic functions, such as light generation, modulation, and detection, have been realized based on various nano-materials. The exact structural features of these material systems, including geometric characteristics, surface morphology, and material composition, play a key role in determining the photonic functions. Therefore, rational designs and constructions of materials on both morphological and componential levels, namely nanoarchitectonics, are indispensable for any photonic device with specific functionalities. Recently, a series of nanowire heterojunctions (NWHJs), which are usually made from two or more kinds of material compositions, were constructed for novel photonic applications based on various interactions between different materials at the junctions, for instance, energy transfer, exciton-plasmon coupling, or photon-plasmon coupling. A summary of these works is necessary to get a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between photonic functions and architectonics of NWHJs, which will be instructive for designing novel photonic devices towards integrated circuits. Here, photonic function oriented nanoarchitectonics based on recent breakthroughs in nanophotonic devices are discussed, with emphasis on the design mechanisms, fabrication strategies, and excellent performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jun Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yongli Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yong Sheng Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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134
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Pham T, Fathalizadeh A, Shevitski B, Turner S, Aloni S, Zettl A. A Universal Wet-Chemistry Route to Metal Filling of Boron Nitride Nanotubes. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:320-325. [PMID: 26707874 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a facile wet-chemistry method for efficient metal filling of the hollow inner cores of boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs). The fillers conform to the cross-section of the tube cavity and extend in length from a few nm to hundreds of nm. The methodology is robust and is demonstrated for noble metals (Au, Pt, Pd, and Ag), transition metals (Co), and post-transition elements (In). Transmission electron microscopy and related electron spectroscopy confirm the composition and morphology of the filler nanoparticles. Up to 60% of BNNTs of a given preparation batch have some degree of metal encapsulation, and individual tubes can have up to 10% of their core volume filled during initial loading. The growth, movement, and fusing of metal nanoparticles within the BNNTs are also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thang Pham
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at the University of California, Berkeley and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Aidin Fathalizadeh
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at the University of California, Berkeley and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | | | - Sally Turner
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at the University of California, Berkeley and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | | | - Alex Zettl
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at the University of California, Berkeley and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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135
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Zhang Z, Fang Y, Wang W, Chen L, Sun M. Propagating Surface Plasmon Polaritons: Towards Applications for Remote-Excitation Surface Catalytic Reactions. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2016; 3:1500215. [PMID: 27774380 PMCID: PMC5061028 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201500215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonics is a well-established field, exploiting the interaction of light and metals at the nanoscale; with the help of surface plasmon polaritons, remote-excitation can also be observed by using silver or gold plasmonic waveguides. Recently, plasmonic catalysis was established as a new exciting platform for heterogeneous catalytic reactions. Recent reports present remote-excitation surface catalytic reactions as a route to enhance the rate of chemical reactions, and offer a pathway to control surface catalytic reactions. In this review, we focus on recent advanced reports on silver plasmonic waveguide for remote-excitation surface catalytic reactions. First, the synthesis methods and characterization techniques of sivelr nanowire plasmonic waveguides are summarized, and the properties and physical mechanisms of plasmonic waveguides are presented in detail. Then, the applications of plasmonic waveguides including remote excitation fluorescence and SERS are introduced, and we focus on the field of remote-excitation surface catalytic reactions. Finally, forecasts are made for possible future applications for the remote-excitation surface catalysis by plasmonic waveguides in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P.R. China; Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Albert-Einstein-Str. 907745 Jena Germany
| | - Yurui Fang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P.R. China; Division of Bionanophotonics Department of Applied Physics Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg SE-412 96 Sweden
| | - Wenhui Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P.R. China; School of Science Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Li Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P.R. China; Material Science and Engineering University of California San Diego CA 92093 USA
| | - Mengtao Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P.R. China
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136
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Lee J, Lee A, Yu HK. Graphene protected Ag nanowires: blocking of surface migration for thermally stable and wide-range-wavelength transparent flexible electrodes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17173g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene-protected Ag nanowires have been studied for transparent flexible electrodes due to their superior thermal stability and uniform transparency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyeong Lee
- Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
- Dept. of Energy Systems Research
- Ajou University
- Suwon
- Korea
| | - Aram Lee
- Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
- Dept. of Energy Systems Research
- Ajou University
- Suwon
- Korea
| | - Hak Ki Yu
- Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
- Dept. of Energy Systems Research
- Ajou University
- Suwon
- Korea
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137
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Pinel O, Everett JL, Hosseini M, Campbell GT, Buchler BC, Lam PK. A mirrorless spinwave resonator. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17633. [PMID: 26655839 PMCID: PMC4674703 DOI: 10.1038/srep17633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical resonance is central to a wide range of optical devices and techniques. In an optical cavity, the round-trip length and mirror reflectivity can be chosen to optimize the circulating optical power, linewidth, and free-spectral range (FSR) for a given application. In this paper we show how an atomic spinwave system, with no physical mirrors, can behave in a manner that is analogous to an optical cavity. We demonstrate this similarity by characterising the build-up and decay of the resonance in the time domain, and measuring the effective optical linewidth and FSR in the frequency domain. Our spinwave is generated in a 20 cm long Rb gas cell, yet it facilitates an effective FSR of 83 kHz, which would require a round-trip path of 3.6 km in a free-space optical cavity. Furthermore, the spinwave coupling is controllable enabling dynamic tuning of the effective cavity parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Pinel
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Department of Quantum Science, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Jesse L Everett
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Department of Quantum Science, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Mahdi Hosseini
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Department of Quantum Science, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Geoff T Campbell
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Department of Quantum Science, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Ben C Buchler
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Department of Quantum Science, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Ping Koy Lam
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Department of Quantum Science, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
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138
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Wei H, Pan D, Xu H. Routing of surface plasmons in silver nanowire networks controlled by polarization and coating. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:19053-19059. [PMID: 26514593 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr02511g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Controllable propagation of electromagnetic energy in plasmonic nanowaveguides is of great importance for building nanophotonic circuits. Here, we studied the routing of surface plasmons in silver nanowire structures by combining experiments and electromagnetic simulations. The superposition of different plasmon modes results in the tunable near field patterns of surface plasmons on the nanowire. Using the quantum dot fluorescence imaging technique, we experimentally demonstrate that the near field distribution on the nanowire controls the surface plasmon transmission in the nanowire networks. By controlling the polarization of the input light or by controlling the dielectric coating on the nanowire to modulate the plasmon field distribution and guarantee the strong local field intensity at the connecting junction, the surface plasmons can be efficiently routed to the connected nanowires. Depositing a thin layer of Al2O3 film onto the nanowires can reverse the polarization dependence of the output intensity at the nanowire terminals. These results are instructive for designing functional plasmonic nanowire networks and metal-nanowire-based nanophotonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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139
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Guo DY, Shan CX, Liu KK, Lou Q, Shen DZ. Surface plasmon effect of carbon nanodots. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:18908-18913. [PMID: 26523345 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05918f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent ZnO quantum dots (QDs) have been prepared, and the fluorescence intensity of the QDs can be increased greatly with the introduction of carbon nanodots, while the fluorescence lifetime of the QDs decreases significantly. The fluorescence enhancement and lifetime decrement can be attributed to the surface plasmon effect of the carbon nanodots, and the calculated surface plasmon resonance frequency of the nanodots matches well with the fluorescence spectrum of the ZnO QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Yang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China.
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140
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Zhang J, Irannejad M, Yavuz M, Cui B. Gold Nanohole Array with Sub-1 nm Roughness by Annealing for Sensitivity Enhancement of Extraordinary Optical Transmission Biosensor. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2015; 10:944. [PMID: 26058510 PMCID: PMC4477005 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-015-0944-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanofabrication technology plays an important role in the performance of surface plasmonic devices such as extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) sensor. In this work, a double liftoff process was developed to fabricate a series of nanohole arrays of a hole diameter between 150 and 235 nm and a period of 500 nm in a 100-nm-thick gold film on a silica substrate. To improve the surface quality of the gold film, thermal annealing was conducted, by which an ultra-smooth gold film with root-mean-square (RMS) roughness of sub-1 nm was achieved, accompanied with a hole diameter shrinkage. The surface sensitivity of the nanohole arrays was measured using a monolayer of 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid (16-MHA) molecule, and the surface sensitivity was increased by 2.5 to 3 times upon annealing the extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- />Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Canada
- />INPAC-Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry and Physics Department, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mehrdad Irannejad
- />Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Mustafa Yavuz
- />Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Bo Cui
- />Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Canada
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141
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Lee HS, Kim MS, Jin Y, Han GH, Lee YH, Kim J. Selective Amplification of the Primary Exciton in a MoS_{2} Monolayer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:226801. [PMID: 26650314 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.226801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronics applications for transition-metal dichalcogenides are still limited by weak light absorption and their complex exciton modes are easily perturbed by varying excitation conditions because they are inherent in atomically thin layers. Here, we propose a method of selectively amplifying the primary exciton (A^{0}) among the exciton complexes in monolayer MoS_{2} via cyclic reexcitation of cavity-free exciton-coupled plasmon propagation. This was implemented by partially overlapping a Ag nanowire on a MoS_{2} monolayer separated by a thin SiO_{2} spacer. Exciton-coupled plasmons in the nanowire enhance the A^{0} radiation in MoS_{2}. The cumulative amplification of emission enhancement by cyclic plasmon traveling reaches approximately twentyfold selectively for the A^{0}, while excluding other B exciton and multiexciton by significantly reduced band filling, without oscillatory spectra implying plasmonic cavity effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Seok Lee
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Min Su Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Youngjo Jin
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Gang Hee Han
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Young Hee Lee
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Jeongyong Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
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142
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Castro-Lopez M, Manjavacas A, García de Abajo J, van Hulst NF. Propagation and localization of quantum dot emission along a gap-plasmonic transmission line. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:29296-29320. [PMID: 26698415 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.029296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic transmission lines have great potential to serve as direct interconnects between nanoscale light spots. The guiding of gap plasmons in the slot between adjacent nanowire pairs provides improved propagation of surface plasmon polaritons while keeping strong light confinement. Yet propagation is fundamentally limited by losses in the metal. Here we show a workaround operation of the gap-plasmon transmission line, exploiting both gap and external modes present in the structure. Interference between these modes allows us to take advantage of the larger propagation distance of the external mode while preserving the high confinement of the gap mode, resulting in nanoscale confinement of the optical field over a longer distance. The performance of the gap-plasmon transmission line is probed experimentally by recording the propagation of quantum dots luminescence over distances of more than 4 μm. We observe a 35% increase in the effective propagation length of this multimode system compared to the theoretical limit for a pure gap mode. The applicability of this simple method to nanofabricated structures is theoretically confirmed and offers a realistic way to combine longer propagation distances with lateral plasmon confinement for far field nanoscale interconnects.
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143
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Nesbitt NT, Merlo JM, Rose AH, Calm YM, Kempa K, Burns MJ, Naughton MJ. Aluminum Nanowire Arrays via Directed Assembly. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:7294-7299. [PMID: 26505906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Freestanding and vertically-oriented metal nanowire arrays have potential utility in a number of applications, but presently lack a route to fabrication. Template-based techniques, such as electrodeposition into lithographically defined nanopore arrays, have produced well-ordered nanowire arrays with a maximum pitch of about 2 μm; such nanowires, however, tend to cluster due to local attractive forces. Here, we modify this template fabrication method to produce well-ordered, vertically-oriented, freestanding Al nanowire arrays, etched from an underlying Al substrate, with highly tunable pitch. In addition, optical measurements demonstrated that the nanowires support the propagation of surface plasmon polaritons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan T Nesbitt
- Department of Physics, Boston College , 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Juan M Merlo
- Department of Physics, Boston College , 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Aaron H Rose
- Department of Physics, Boston College , 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Yitzi M Calm
- Department of Physics, Boston College , 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Krzysztof Kempa
- Department of Physics, Boston College , 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Michael J Burns
- Department of Physics, Boston College , 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Michael J Naughton
- Department of Physics, Boston College , 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
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144
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Taguchi A, Yu J, Verma P, Kawata S. Optical antennas with multiple plasmonic nanoparticles for tip-enhanced Raman microscopy. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:17424-17433. [PMID: 26439510 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05022g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) has recently become one of the most important tools for analyzing advanced nano-devices and nano-materials, because it allows strong enhancement of weak Raman signal from the nanometric volume of a sample. However, consistent enhancement in TERS is still an issue and scientists have been struggling to fabricate good tips for reliable, strong and reproducible enhancement. There is a strong need to study the morphology and the arrangement of metal nanostructures near the tip apex for efficient plasmonic enhancement in TERS. Here, we present a study on the metal grains attached to the tip surface for producing higher and much consistent enhancement in TERS. Our study shows that the plasmonic enhancement strongly depends on the number of grains and on the their separations. We found through simulations that multiple grains arranged closely but discretely on a dielectric probe act as an efficient plasmonic antenna and that enhancement in TERS is maximum for an optimized number of grains. The number of grains and the nano-gap between them are crucial for reproducible enhancement. This promising result, which we also demonstrate and prove by experiments, will bring TERS to a new level, where it can be utilized with more confidence of large reproducible enhancement for those nano-sized samples that have extremely weak Raman scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Taguchi
- Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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145
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Kress SJP, Antolinez FV, Richner P, Jayanti SV, Kim D, Prins F, Riedinger A, Fischer MPC, Meyer S, McPeak KM, Poulikakos D, Norris DJ. Wedge Waveguides and Resonators for Quantum Plasmonics. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:6267-75. [PMID: 26284499 PMCID: PMC4566130 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic structures can provide deep-subwavelength electromagnetic fields that are useful for enhancing light-matter interactions. However, because these localized modes are also dissipative, structures that offer the best compromise between field confinement and loss have been sought. Metallic wedge waveguides were initially identified as an ideal candidate but have been largely abandoned because to date their experimental performance has been limited. We combine state-of-the-art metallic wedges with integrated reflectors and precisely placed colloidal quantum dots (down to the single-emitter level) and demonstrate quantum-plasmonic waveguides and resonators with performance approaching theoretical limits. By exploiting a nearly 10-fold improvement in wedge-plasmon propagation (19 μm at a vacuum wavelength, λvac, of 630 nm), efficient reflectors (93%), and effective coupling (estimated to be >70%) to highly emissive (~90%) quantum dots, we obtain Ag plasmonic resonators at visible wavelengths with quality factors approaching 200 (3.3 nm line widths). As our structures offer modal volumes down to ~0.004λvac(3) in an exposed single-mode waveguide-resonator geometry, they provide advantages over both traditional photonic microcavities and localized-plasmonic resonators for enhancing light-matter interactions. Our results confirm the promise of wedges for creating plasmonic devices and for studying coherent quantum-plasmonic effects such as long-distance plasmon-mediated entanglement and strong plasmon-matter coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan J. P. Kress
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felipe V. Antolinez
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrizia Richner
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sriharsha V. Jayanti
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - David
K. Kim
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ferry Prins
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Riedinger
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Stefan Meyer
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kevin M. McPeak
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dimos Poulikakos
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David J. Norris
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- E-mail:
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146
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Verbruggen SW. TiO2 photocatalysis for the degradation of pollutants in gas phase: From morphological design to plasmonic enhancement. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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147
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Synthesis of Photoswitchable Magnetic Au-Fullerosome Hybrid Nanomaterials for Permittivity Enhancement Applications. Molecules 2015; 20:14746-60. [PMID: 26287136 PMCID: PMC6332269 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200814746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We designed and synthesized several nanomaterials 3 of three-layered core-shell (γ-FeOx@AuNP)@[C60(>DPAF-C9)1or2]n nanoparticles (NPs). These NPs having e−-polarizable fullerosome structures located at the outer layer were fabricated from highly magnetic core-shell γ-FeOx@AuNPs. Fullerosomic polarization of 3 was found to be capable of causing a large amplification of material permittivity that is also associated with the photoswitching effect in the frequency range of 0.5‒4.0 GHz. Multilayered synthetic construction allows Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) of photoinduced accumulative surface plasmon resonance (SPR) energy in the gold layer to the partially bilayered C60(>DPAF-C9)1or2-derived fullerosome membrane shell layer in a near-field of direct contact without producing radiation heat, which is commonly associated with SPR.
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148
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Goodfellow KM, Chakraborty C, Beams R, Novotny L, Vamivakas AN. Direct On-Chip Optical Plasmon Detection with an Atomically Thin Semiconductor. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:5477-5481. [PMID: 26120877 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The determination to develop fast, efficient devices has led to vast studies on photonic circuits but it is difficult to shrink these circuits below the diffraction limit of light. However, the coupling between surface plasmon polaritons and nanostructures in the near-field shows promise in developing next-generation integrated circuitry. In this work, we demonstrate the potential for integrating nanoplasmonic-based light guides with atomically thin materials for on-chip near-field plasmon detection. Specifically, we show near-field electrical detection of silver nanowire plasmons with the atomically thin semiconductor molybdenum disulfide. Unlike graphene, atomically thin semiconductors such as molybdenum disulfide exhibit a bandgap that lends itself for the excitation and detection of plasmons. Our fully integrated plasmon detector exhibits plasmon responsivities of ∼255 mA/W that corresponds to highly efficient plasmon detection (∼0.5 electrons per plasmon).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lukas Novotny
- ¶Photonics Laboratory, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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149
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Zhang M, Wu G, Chen D. Silicon hybrid plasmonic microring resonator for sensing applications. APPLIED OPTICS 2015; 54:7131-7134. [PMID: 26368387 DOI: 10.1364/ao.54.007131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel silicon hybrid plasmonic microring resonator consisting of a silver nanoring on top of a silicon-on-insulator ring is proposed and investigated theoretically for possible applications in sensing at the deep subwavelength scale. By using the finite-element method, insight into how the mode properties (Q factor, effective mode volume, energy ratio, sensitivity) depend on the geometric structure of the hybrid microring resonator is presented. Simulation results reveal that this kind of hybrid microcavity maintains a high Q factor ∼600, an ultrasmall mode volume of 0.15 μm3, and high sensitivity of 497 nm/refractive index unit for refractive index sensing. The hybrid plasmonic microcavity with optimized geometric structures presented provides the potential for ultracompact sensing applications.
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150
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Bermúdez-Ureña E, Gonzalez-Ballestero C, Geiselmann M, Marty R, Radko IP, Holmgaard T, Alaverdyan Y, Moreno E, García-Vidal FJ, Bozhevolnyi SI, Quidant R. Coupling of individual quantum emitters to channel plasmons. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7883. [PMID: 26249363 PMCID: PMC4918332 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient light-matter interaction lies at the heart of many emerging technologies that seek on-chip integration of solid-state photonic systems. Plasmonic waveguides, which guide the radiation in the form of strongly confined surface plasmon-polariton modes, represent a promising solution to manipulate single photons in coplanar architectures with unprecedented small footprints. Here we demonstrate coupling of the emission from a single quantum emitter to the channel plasmon polaritons supported by a V-groove plasmonic waveguide. Extensive theoretical simulations enable us to determine the position and orientation of the quantum emitter for optimum coupling. Concomitantly with these predictions, we demonstrate experimentally that 42% of a single nitrogen-vacancy centre emission efficiently couples into the supported modes of the V-groove. This work paves the way towards practical realization of efficient and long distance transfer of energy for integrated solid-state quantum systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Bermúdez-Ureña
- ICFO–Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Carlos Gonzalez-Ballestero
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael Geiselmann
- ICFO–Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Renaud Marty
- ICFO–Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Ilya P. Radko
- Department of Technology and Innovation, University of Southern Denmark, Niels Bohr Allé 1, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Tobias Holmgaard
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Aalborg University, Skjernvej 4A, DK-9220 Aalborg Øst, Denmark
| | - Yury Alaverdyan
- The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, 11 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FF, UK
| | - Esteban Moreno
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. García-Vidal
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), E-20018 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Sergey I. Bozhevolnyi
- Department of Technology and Innovation, University of Southern Denmark, Niels Bohr Allé 1, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Romain Quidant
- ICFO–Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- ICREA—Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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