101
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Smissen PJ, Rowe KC. Repeated biome transitions in the evolution of Australian rodents. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 128:182-191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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102
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Remeš V, Harmáčková L. Disentangling direct and indirect effects of water availability, vegetation, and topography on avian diversity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15475. [PMID: 30341321 PMCID: PMC6195560 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33671-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate is a major driver of species diversity. However, its effect can be either direct due to species physiological tolerances or indirect, whereby wetter climates facilitate more complex vegetation and consequently higher diversity due to greater resource availability. Yet, studies quantifying both direct and indirect effects of climate on multiple dimensions of diversity are rare. We used extensive data on species distributions, morphological and ecological traits, and vegetation across Australia to quantify both direct (water availability) and indirect (habitat diversity and canopy height) effects of climate on the species richness (SR), phylogenetic diversity (PD), and functional diversity (FD) of 536 species of birds. Path analyses revealed that SR increased with wetter climates through both direct and indirect effects, lending support for the influence of both physiological tolerance and vegetation complexity. However, residual PD and residual FD (adjusted for SR by null models) were poorly predicted by environmental conditions. Thus, the FD and PD of Australian birds mostly evolved in concert with SR, with the possible exception of the higher-than-expected accumulation of avian lineages in wetter and more productive areas in northern and eastern Australia (with high residual PD), permitted probably by older biome age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimír Remeš
- Department of Zoology and Laboratory of Ornithology, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 50, 77146, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Lenka Harmáčková
- Department of Zoology and Laboratory of Ornithology, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 50, 77146, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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103
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Brennan IG, Keogh JS. Miocene biome turnover drove conservative body size evolution across Australian vertebrates. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 285:rspb.2018.1474. [PMID: 30333208 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.1474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
On deep time scales, changing climatic trends can have a predictable influence on macroevolution. From evidence of mass extinctions, we know that rapid climatic oscillations can indirectly open niche space and precipitate adaptive radiation, changing the course of ecological diversification. These dramatic shifts in the global climate, however, are rare events relative to extended periods of protracted climate change and biome turnover. It remains unclear whether during gradually changing periods, shifting habitats may instead promote non-adaptive speciation by facilitating allopatry and phenotypic conservatism. Using fossil-calibrated, species-level phylogenies for five Australian radiations comprising more than 800 species, we investigated temporal trends in biogeography and body size evolution. Here, we demonstrate that gradual Miocene cooling and aridification correlates with the restricted phenotypic diversification of multiple ecologically diverse vertebrate groups. This probably occurred as species ranges became fractured and isolated during continental biome restructuring, encouraging a shift towards conservatism in body size evolution. Our results provide further evidence that abiotic changes, not only biotic interactions, may act as selective forces influencing phenotypic macroevolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian G Brennan
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - J Scott Keogh
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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104
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Couzens AMC, Prideaux GJ. Rapid Pliocene adaptive radiation of modern kangaroos. Science 2018; 362:72-75. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aas8788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Differentiating between ancient and younger, more rapidly evolved clades is important for determining paleoenvironmental drivers of diversification. Australia possesses many aridity-adapted lineages, the origins of which have been closely linked to late Miocene continental aridification. Using dental macrowear and molar crown height measurements, spanning the past 25 million years, we show that the most iconic Australian terrestrial mammals, “true” kangaroos (Macropodini), adaptively radiated in response to mid-Pliocene grassland expansion rather than Miocene aridity. In contrast, low-crowned, short-faced kangaroos radiated into predominantly browsing niches as the late Cenozoic became more arid, contradicting the view that this was an interval of global browser decline. Our results implicate warm-to-cool climatic oscillations as a trigger for adaptive radiation and refute arguments attributing Pleistocene megafaunal extinction to aridity-forced dietary change.
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105
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Cryptic biodiversity in the freshwater fishes of the Kimberley endemism hotspot, northwestern Australia. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 127:843-858. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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106
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Speciation patterns in complex subterranean environments: a case study using short-tailed whipscorpions (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/bly102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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107
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Robertson LP, Hall CR, Forster PI, Carroll AR. Alkaloid diversity in the leaves of Australian Flindersia (Rutaceae) species driven by adaptation to aridity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 152:71-81. [PMID: 29734038 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The genus Flindersia (Rutaceae) comprises 17 species of mostly Australian endemic trees. Although most species are restricted to rainforests, four have evolved to grow in semi-arid and arid environments. In this study, the leaf alkaloid diversity of rainforest and semi-arid/arid zone adapted Australian Flindersia were compared by LC/MS-MS and NMR spectroscopy. Contrary to expectations, Flindersia alkaloid diversity was strongly correlated with environmental aridity, where species predominating in drier regions produced more alkaloids than their wet rainforest congenerics. Rainforest species were also more chemically similar to each other than were the four semi-arid/arid zone species. There was a significant relationship between the presence of alkaloid structural classes and phylogenetic distance, suggesting that alkaloid profiles are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. The results suggest that the radiation of Flindersia species out of the rainforest and into drier environments has promoted the evolution of unique alkaloid diversity. Plants growing in arid and semi-arid regions of Australia may represent an untapped source of undescribed specialised metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke P Robertson
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Southport 4222, Gold Coast, Australia; Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan 4111, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Casey R Hall
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond 2753, Australia
| | - Paul I Forster
- Queensland Herbarium, Department of Science, Information Technology, Innovation and the Arts, Brisbane Botanic Gardens, Toowong 4066, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anthony R Carroll
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Southport 4222, Gold Coast, Australia; Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan 4111, Brisbane, Australia.
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108
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Ashman LG, Bragg JG, Doughty P, Hutchinson MN, Bank S, Matzke NJ, Oliver P, Moritz C. Diversification across biomes in a continental lizard radiation. Evolution 2018; 72:1553-1569. [PMID: 29972238 DOI: 10.1111/evo.13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ecological opportunity is a powerful driver of evolutionary diversification, and predicts rapid lineage and phenotypic diversification following colonization of competitor-free habitats. Alternatively, topographic or environmental heterogeneity could be key to generating and sustaining diversity. We explore these hypotheses in a widespread lineage of Australian lizards: the Gehyra variegata group. This clade occurs across two biomes: the Australian monsoonal tropics (AMT), where it overlaps a separate, larger bodied clade of Gehyra and is largely restricted to rocks; and in the larger Australian arid zone (AAZ) where it has no congeners and occupies trees and rocks. New phylogenomic data and coalescent analyses of AAZ taxa resolve lineages and their relationships and reveal high diversity in the western AAZ (Pilbara region). The AMT and AAZ radiations represent separate radiations with no difference in speciation rates. Most taxa occur on rocks, with small geographic ranges relative to widespread generalist taxa across the vast central AAZ. Rock-dwelling and generalist taxa differ morphologically, but only the lineage-poor central AAZ taxa have accelerated evolution. This accords with increasing evidence that lineage and morphological diversity are poorly correlated, and suggests environmental heterogeneity and refugial dynamics have been more important than ecological release in elevating lineage diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Ashman
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - J G Bragg
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
- Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - P Doughty
- Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Western Australian Museum, Perth, WA 6016, Australia
| | - M N Hutchinson
- South Australian Museum, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - S Bank
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
- Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37073, Germany
| | - N J Matzke
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - P Oliver
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
- Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Queensland Museum, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - C Moritz
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
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109
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Tierney SM, Langille B, Humphreys WF, Austin AD, Cooper SJB. Massive Parallel Regression: A Précis of Genetic Mechanisms for Vision Loss in Diving Beetles. Integr Comp Biol 2018; 58:465-479. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/icy035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Simon M Tierney
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Barbara Langille
- Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - William F Humphreys
- Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag 49, Welshpool DC, WA 6986, Australia
- School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6907, Australia
| | - Andrew D Austin
- Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Steven J B Cooper
- Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Evolutionary Biology Unit, South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
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110
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Hancock LP, Obbens F, Moore AJ, Thiele K, de Vos JM, West J, Holtum JAM, Edwards EJ. Phylogeny, evolution, and biogeographic history of Calandrinia (Montiaceae). AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2018; 105:1021-1034. [PMID: 29995314 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Calandrinia are small, succulent herbs that vary broadly in habitat, morphology, life history, and photosynthetic metabolism. The lineage is placed within the Montiaceae, which in turn is sister to the rest of the Portulacineae (Caryophyllales). Calandrinia occupy two distinct biogeographic regions, one in the Americas (~14 species), and one in Australia (~74 species). Past analyses of the Montiaceae present conflicting hypotheses for the phylogenetic placement and monophyly of Calandrinia, and to date, there has been no molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Australian species. METHODS Using a targeted gene enrichment approach, we sequenced 297 loci from multiple gene families across the Montiaceae, including all named and 16 putative new species of Australian Calandrinia, and the enigmatic monotypic genus Rumicastrum. KEY RESULTS All data sets and analyses reject the monophyly of Calandrinia, with Australian and New World Calandrinia each comprising distinct and well-supported clades, and Rumicastrum nested within Australian Calandrinia. We provide the first well-supported phylogeny for Australian Calandrinia, which includes all named species and several phrase-named taxa. CONCLUSIONS This study brings much needed clarity to relationships within Montiaceae and confirms that New World and Australian Calandrinia do not form a clade. Australian Calandrinia is a longtime resident of the continent, having diverged from its sister lineage ~30 Ma, concurrent with separation of Australia from Antarctica. Most diversification occurred during the middle Miocene, with lowered speciation and/or higher extinction rates coincident with the establishment of severe aridity by the late Miocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian P Hancock
- Brown University, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Box G-W, 80 Waterman Street, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Frank Obbens
- Western Australian Herbarium, 17 Dick Perry Avenue, Kensington, WA, 6152, Australia
| | - Abigail J Moore
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology and Oklahoma Biological Survey, 136 George Lynn Cross Hall, 770 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Kevin Thiele
- The University of Western Australia, School of Biological Sciences, 35 Stirling Highway Crawley, Perth, Western Australia, 6009
| | - Jurriaan M de Vos
- University of Basel, Department of Environmental Sciences-Botany, Bernoullistrasse 32, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Judy West
- Australian National Botanic Gardens, Clunies Ross St, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Joseph A M Holtum
- James Cook University, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, 1 James Cook Drive, Douglas, QLD, 4814, Australia
| | - Erika J Edwards
- Brown University, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Box G-W, 80 Waterman Street, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
- Yale University, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 165 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
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111
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García-Navas V, Westerman M. Niche conservatism and phylogenetic clustering in a tribe of arid-adapted marsupial mice, the Sminthopsini. J Evol Biol 2018; 31:1204-1215. [PMID: 29808505 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The progressive expansion of the Australian arid zone during the last 20 Ma appears to have spurred the diversification of several families of plants, vertebrates and invertebrates, yet such taxonomic groups appear to show limited niche radiation. Here, we test whether speciation is associated with niche conservatism (constraints on ecological divergence) or niche divergence in a tribe of marsupial mice (Sminthopsini; 23 taxa) that includes the most speciose genus of living dasyurids, the sminthopsins. To that end, we integrated phylogenetic data with ecological niche modelling, to enable us to reconstruct the evolution of climatic suitability within Sminthopsini. Niche overlap among species was low-moderate (but generally higher than expected given environmental background similarity), and the degree of phylogenetic clustering increased with aridity. Climatic niche reconstruction illustrates that there has been little apparent evolution of climatic tolerance within clades. Accordingly, climatic disparity tends to be accumulated among clades, suggesting considerable niche conservatism. Our results also indicate that evolution of climatic tolerances has been heterogeneous across different dimensions of climate (temperature vs. precipitation) and across phylogenetic clusters (Sminthopsis murina group vs. other groups). Although some results point to the existence of shifts in climatic niches during the speciation of sminthopsins, our study provides evidence for substantial phylogenetic niche conservatism in the group. We conclude that niche diversification had a low impact on the speciation of this tribe of small, but highly mobile marsupials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente García-Navas
- Department of Integrative Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Michael Westerman
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, LaTrobe University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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112
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Foster CSP, Henwood MJ, Ho SYW. Plastome sequences and exploration of tree-space help to resolve the phylogeny of riceflowers (Thymelaeaceae: Pimelea). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 127:156-167. [PMID: 29803950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Data sets comprising small numbers of genetic markers are not always able to resolve phylogenetic relationships. This has frequently been the case in molecular systematic studies of plants, with many analyses being based on sequence data from only two or three chloroplast genes. An example of this comes from the riceflowers Pimelea Banks & Sol. ex Gaertn. (Thymelaeaceae), a large genus of flowering plants predominantly distributed in Australia. Despite the considerable morphological variation in the genus, low sequence divergence in chloroplast markers has led to the phylogeny of Pimelea remaining largely uncertain. In this study, we resolve the backbone of the phylogeny of Pimelea in comprehensive Bayesian and maximum-likelihood analyses of plastome sequences from 41 taxa. However, some relationships received only moderate to poor support, and the Pimelea clade contained extremely short internal branches. By using topology-clustering analyses, we demonstrate that conflicting phylogenetic signals can be found across the trees estimated from individual chloroplast protein-coding genes. A relaxed-clock dating analysis reveals that Pimelea arose in the mid-Miocene, with most divergences within the genus occurring during a subsequent rapid diversification. Our new phylogenetic estimate offers better resolution and is more strongly supported than previous estimates, providing a platform for future taxonomic revisions of both Pimelea and the broader subfamily. Our study has demonstrated the substantial improvements in phylogenetic resolution that can be achieved using plastome-scale data sets in plant molecular systematics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles S P Foster
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Murray J Henwood
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Simon Y W Ho
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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113
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Rix MG, Huey JA, Cooper SJB, Austin AD, Harvey MS. Conservation systematics of the shield-backed trapdoor spiders of the nigrum-group (Mygalomorphae, Idiopidae, Idiosoma): integrative taxonomy reveals a diverse and threatened fauna from south-western Australia. Zookeys 2018:1-121. [PMID: 29773959 PMCID: PMC5956031 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.756.24397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aganippine shield-backed trapdoor spiders of the monophyletic nigrum-group of Idiosoma Ausserer s. l. are revised, and 15 new species are described from Western Australia and the Eyre Peninsula of South Australia: I.arenaceum Rix & Harvey, sp. n., I.corrugatum Rix & Harvey, sp. n., I.clypeatum Rix & Harvey, sp. n., I.dandaragan Rix & Harvey, sp. n., I.formosum Rix & Harvey, sp. n., I.gardneri Rix & Harvey, sp. n., I.gutharuka Rix & Harvey, sp. n., I.incomptum Rix & Harvey, sp. n., I.intermedium Rix & Harvey, sp. n., I.jarrah Rix & Harvey, sp. n., I.kopejtkaorum Rix & Harvey, sp. n., I.kwongan Rix & Harvey, sp. n., I.mcclementsorum Rix & Harvey, sp. n., I.mcnamarai Rix & Harvey, sp. n., and I.schoknechtorum Rix & Harvey, sp. n. Two previously described species from south-western Western Australia, I.nigrum Main, 1952 and I.sigillatum (O. P.-Cambridge, 1870), are re-illustrated and re-diagnosed, and complementary molecular data for 14 species and seven genes are analysed with Bayesian methods. Members of the nigrum-group are of long-standing conservation significance, and I.nigrum is the only spider in Australia to be afforded threatened species status under both State and Commonwealth legislation. Two other species, I.formosum Rix & Harvey, sp. n. and I.kopejtkaorum Rix & Harvey, sp. n., are also formally listed as Endangered under Western Australian State legislation. Here we significantly relimit I.nigrum to include only those populations from the central and central-western Wheatbelt bioregion, and further document the known diversity and conservation status of all known species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Rix
- Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia.,Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity, and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.,Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, Western Australia 6106, Australia
| | - Joel A Huey
- Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, Western Australia 6106, Australia.,Adjunct, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.,Adjunct, School of Natural Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia 6027, Australia
| | - Steven J B Cooper
- Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity, and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.,Evolutionary Biology Unit, South Australian Museum, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Andrew D Austin
- Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity, and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Mark S Harvey
- Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, Western Australia 6106, Australia.,Adjunct, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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114
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Bucharova A, Bossdorf O, Hölzel N, Kollmann J, Prasse R, Durka W. Mix and match: regional admixture provenancing strikes a balance among different seed-sourcing strategies for ecological restoration. CONSERV GENET 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-018-1067-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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115
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García-Navas V, Rodríguez-Rey M. The Evolution of Climatic Niches and its Role in Shaping Diversity Patterns in Diprotodontid Marsupials. J MAMM EVOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10914-018-9435-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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116
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García-Navas V, Rodríguez-Rey M, Westerman M. Bursts of morphological and lineage diversification in modern dasyurids, a ‘classic’ adaptive radiation. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/bly013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vicente García-Navas
- Department of Integrative Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | | | - Michael Westerman
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, LaTrobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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117
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Harvey MS, Hillyer MJ, Main BY, Moulds TA, Raven RJ, Rix MG, Vink CJ, Huey JA. Phylogenetic relationships of the Australasian open-holed trapdoor spiders (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Nemesiidae: Anaminae): multi-locus molecular analyses resolve the generic classification of a highly diverse fauna. Zool J Linn Soc 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Harvey
- Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag, Welshpool DC, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Adjunct, School of Natural Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mia J Hillyer
- Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag, Welshpool DC, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Barbara York Main
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Timothy A Moulds
- Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag, Welshpool DC, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robert J Raven
- Biodiversity and Geosciences, Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael G Rix
- Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag, Welshpool DC, Western Australia, Australia
- Biodiversity and Geosciences, Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Cor J Vink
- Canterbury Museum, Rolleston Avenue, Christchurch, New Zeal
| | - Joel A Huey
- Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag, Welshpool DC, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Adjunct, School of Natural Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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118
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The origins of diversity in ancient landscapes: Deep phylogeographic structuring in a pseudoscorpion (Pseudotyrannochthoniidae: Pseudotyrannochthonius) reflects Plio-Pleistocene climate fluctuations. ZOOL ANZ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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119
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Leavitt SD, Westberg M, Nelsen MP, Elix JA, Timdal E, Sohrabi M, St. Clair LL, Williams L, Wedin M, Lumbsch HT. Multiple, Distinct Intercontinental Lineages but Isolation of Australian Populations in a Cosmopolitan Lichen-Forming Fungal Taxon, Psora decipiens (Psoraceae, Ascomycota). Front Microbiol 2018; 9:283. [PMID: 29527197 PMCID: PMC5829036 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple drivers shape the spatial distribution of species, including dispersal capacity, niche incumbency, climate variability, orographic barriers, and plate tectonics. However, biogeographic patterns of fungi commonly do not fit conventional expectations based on studies of animals and plants. Fungi, in general, are known to occur across exceedingly broad, intercontinental distributions, including some important components of biological soil crust communities (BSCs). However, molecular data often reveal unexpected biogeographic patterns in lichenized fungal species that are assumed to have cosmopolitan distributions. The lichen-forming fungal species Psora decipiens is found on all continents, except Antarctica and occurs in BSCs across diverse habitats, ranging from hot, arid deserts to alpine habitats. In order to better understand factors that shape population structure in cosmopolitan lichen-forming fungal species, we investigated biogeographic patterns in the cosmopolitan taxon P. decipiens, along with the closely related taxa P. crenata and P. saviczii. We generated a multi-locus sequence dataset based on a worldwide sampling of these taxa in order to reconstruct evolutionary relationships and explore phylogeographic patterns. Both P. crenata and P. decipiens were not recovered as monophyletic; and P. saviczii specimens were recovered as a monophyletic clade closely related to a number of lineages comprised of specimens representing P. decipiens. Striking phylogeographic patterns were observed for P. crenata, with populations from distinct geographic regions belonging to well-separated, monophyletic lineages. South African populations of P. crenata were further divided into well-supported sub-clades. While well-supported phylogenetic substructure was also observed for the nominal taxon P. decipiens, nearly all lineages were comprised of specimens collected from intercontinental populations. However, all Australian specimens representing P. decipiens were recovered within a single well-supported monophyletic clade consisting solely of Australian samples. Our study supports up to 10 candidate species-level lineages in P. decipiens, based on genealogical concordance and coalescent-based species delimitation analyses. Our results support the general pattern of the biogeographic isolation of lichen-forming fungal populations in Australia, even in cases where closely related congeners have documented intercontinental distributions. Our study has important implications for understanding factors influencing diversification and distributions of lichens associated with BSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D. Leavitt
- Department of Biology and Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | | | | | - John A. Elix
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Einar Timdal
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mohammad Sohrabi
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Larry L. St. Clair
- Department of Biology and Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Laura Williams
- Plant Ecology and Systematics, Biology Institute, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Mats Wedin
- Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H. T. Lumbsch
- Science and Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, United States
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120
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Genetic diversity through time and space: diversity and demographic history from natural history specimens and serially sampled contemporary populations of the threatened Gouldian finch (Erythrura gouldiae). CONSERV GENET 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-018-1051-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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121
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Alaei Kakhki N, Aliabadian M, Förschler MI, Ghasempouri SM, Kiabi BH, Verde Arregoitia LD, Schweizer M. Phylogeography of theOenanthe hispanica-pleschanka-cypriacacomplex (Aves, Muscicapidae: Saxicolinae): Diversification history of open-habitat specialists based on climate niche models, genetic data, and morphometric data. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Alaei Kakhki
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad Iran
| | - Mansour Aliabadian
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad Iran
- Research Department of Zoological Innovations; Institute of Applied Zoology; Faculty of Science; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad Iran
| | - Marc I. Förschler
- Department of Ecosystem Monitoring, Research and Conservation; Black Forest National Park; Freudenstadt Germany
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Ghasempouri
- Department of Environmental Science; Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences; Tarbiat Modares University (TMU); Noor Iran
| | - Bahram H. Kiabi
- Department of zoology; Faculty of Biological Sciences; Shahid Beheshti University; Tehran Iran
| | - Luis D. Verde Arregoitia
- Museo de Zoología “Alfonso L. Herrera”; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Ciudad Universitaria; Coyoacán CDMX Mexico
| | - Manuel Schweizer
- Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern; Bern Switzerland
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122
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Javidkar M, Cooper SJB, Humphreys WF, King RA, Judd S, Austin AD. Biogeographic history of subterranean isopods from groundwater calcrete islands in Western Australia. ZOOL SCR 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javidkar
- Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity and School of Biological Sciences the University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
- Department of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Management Environmental Sciences Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran
| | - Steven J. B. Cooper
- Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity and School of Biological Sciences the University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
- Evolutionary Biology Unit South Australian Museum Adelaide SA Australia
| | - William F. Humphreys
- Western Australian Museum Welshpool WA Australia
- School of Animal Biology University of Western Australia Crawley WA Australia
| | - Rachael A. King
- Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity and School of Biological Sciences the University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
- South Australian Museum Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Simon Judd
- Phoenix Environmental Sciences Balcatta WA Australia
| | - Andrew D. Austin
- Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity and School of Biological Sciences the University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
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Abstract
Abstract
The East Asian flora (EAF) is a key biodiversity hotspot for understanding the origin and evolution of Northern Hemisphere floras, but there is an ongoing debate on whether it is a museum or a cradle for seed plants. Within the EAF, two main floras, the Sino-Himalayan Flora (mainly the Rhododendron Flora) and the Sino-Japanese Flora (mainly the Metasequoia Flora), have been recognized. Previous studies suggested that the EAF is ancient and the Metasequoia Flora is older than the Rhododendron Flora. To test this hypothesis, we synthesized molecular as well as fossil data on seed plants, focusing on the biogeographical origins and historical evolution of the EAF. We compared the ages of its two constituent floras, and examined the impact of the Asian monsoon and other environmental changes on the development of EAF through meta-analysis. Our results suggest that the EAF might be relatively young, with most of its clades originating since the Miocene. The Rhododendron Flora and the Metasequoia Flora are probably of a similar age. The formation and development of the Asian monsoon might have been the main factors that have driven the evolution of EAF. In the Rhododendron Flora, the north-south mountain chains increased the concentration of species and reduced extinction, and the barriers between the east and west have resulted in species differentiation, which triggered it to become a diversity center. The EAF appears to have multiple biogeographical origins, having closely affiliated not only with other floras in the Northern Hemisphere, but also with Gondwanan floras.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Sheng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tao Deng
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Zhuo Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Hang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
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124
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Looking back to go forward: genetics informs future management of captive and reintroduced populations of the black-footed rock-wallaby Petrogale lateralis. CONSERV GENET 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-017-1030-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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125
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Dong F, Hung CM, Li XL, Gao JY, Zhang Q, Wu F, Lei FM, Li SH, Yang XJ. Ice age unfrozen: severe effect of the last interglacial, not glacial, climate change on East Asian avifauna. BMC Evol Biol 2017; 17:244. [PMID: 29212454 PMCID: PMC5719578 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-017-1100-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The glacial-interglacial cycles in the Pleistocene caused repeated range expansion and contraction of species in several regions in the world. However, it remains uncertain whether such climate oscillations had similar impact on East Asian biota, despite its widely recognized importance in global biodiversity. Here we use both molecular and ecological niche profiles on 11 East Asian avian species with various elevational ranges to reveal their response to the late Pleistocene climate changes. RESULTS The ecological niche models (ENM) consistently showed that these avian species might substantially contract their ranges to the south during the Last Interglacial period (LIG) and expanded their northern range margins through the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), leading to the LGM ranges observed for all 11 species. Consistently, coalescent simulations based on 25-30 nuclear genes retrieved signatures of significant population growth through the last glacial period across all species studied. Climate statistics suggested that high climatic variability during the LIG and a relatively mild climate at the LGM potentially explained the historical population dynamics of these birds. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study based on multiple species and both lines of ecological niche profiles and genetic data to characterize the unique response of East Asian biota to late Pleistocene climate. The present study highlights regional differences in the evolutionary consequence of climate change during the last glacial cycle and implies that global warming might pose a great risk to species in this region given potentially higher climatic variation in the future analogous to that during the LIG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Dong
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang Donglu Rd., Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, 88 Ting-chou Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Hung
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Xin-Lei Li
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang Donglu Rd., Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jian-Yun Gao
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang Donglu Rd., Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang Donglu Rd., Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Fu-Min Lei
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Rd., Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Shou-Hsien Li
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, 88 Ting-chou Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei, 116, Taiwan.
| | - Xiao-Jun Yang
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang Donglu Rd., Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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126
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Broadhurst L, Coates D. Plant conservation in Australia: Current directions and future challenges. PLANT DIVERSITY 2017; 39:348-356. [PMID: 30159528 PMCID: PMC6112320 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Australia is a large, old and flat island continent that became isolated following the breakup of the Gondwanan super continent. After more than 40-50 M years of independent evolution, approx. 600,000-700,000 species now call Australia home. More than 21,000 of these species are plants, with at least 84% of these being endemic. Plant taxa are protected, conserved and managed under a range of legislation at the State- and Territory-level as well as Federally for matters of national significance. This can create issues of misalignment among threatened species lists but generally there is co-operation among conservation agencies to reduce misalignments and to manage species irrespective of jurisdictional borders. Despite significant investment in programs designed to assist the recovery of Australian biodiversity, threatened plants in particular appear to be continuing to decline. This can be attributed to a range of factors including major threatening processes associated with habitat loss and invasive species, lack of public awareness of the cultural and socio-economic value of plant conservation, and our relatively poor understanding of basic species taxonomy and biology, especially for those species that have specific interactions with pollinators, symbionts and herbivores. A recent shift in Federally-based conservation programs has been to identify 30 key plant species for recovery through the setting of measurable targets, improving the support provided to recovery teams and encouraging industry, business and philanthropy to support conservation actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Broadhurst
- CANBR, CSIRO National Research Collections Australia, GPO Box 1700, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - David Coates
- Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, PO Box 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, 6983, Australia
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127
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Mandáková T, Pouch M, Harmanová K, Zhan SH, Mayrose I, Lysak MA. Multispeed genome diploidization and diversification after an ancient allopolyploidization. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:6445-6462. [PMID: 29024107 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Hybridization and genome doubling (allopolyploidy) have led to evolutionary novelties as well as to the origin of new clades and species. Despite the importance of allopolyploidization, the dynamics of postpolyploid diploidization (PPD) at the genome level has been only sparsely studied. The Microlepidieae (MICR) is a crucifer tribe of 17 genera and c. 56 species endemic to Australia and New Zealand. Our phylogenetic and cytogenomic analyses revealed that MICR originated via an intertribal hybridization between ancestors of Crucihimalayeae (n = 8; maternal genome) and Smelowskieae (n = 7; paternal genome), both native to the Northern Hemisphere. The reconstructed ancestral allopolyploid genome (n = 15) originated probably in northeastern Asia or western North America during the Late Miocene (c. 10.6-7 million years ago) and reached the Australian mainland via long-distance dispersal. In Australia, the allotetraploid genome diverged into at least three main subclades exhibiting different levels of PPD and diversity: 1.25-fold descending dysploidy (DD) of n = 15 → n = 12 (autopolyploidy → 24) in perennial Arabidella (3 species), 1.5-fold DD of n = 15 → n = 10 in the perennial Pachycladon (11 spp.) and 2.1-3.75-fold DD of n = 15 → n = 7-4 in the largely annual crown-group genera (42 spp. in 15 genera). These results are among the first to demonstrate multispeed genome evolution in taxa descending from a common allopolyploid ancestor. It is suggested that clade-specific PPD can operate at different rates and efficacies and can be tentatively linked to life histories and the extent of taxonomic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terezie Mandáková
- RG Plant Cytogenomics, CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Pouch
- RG Plant Cytogenomics, CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Harmanová
- RG Plant Cytogenomics, CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Shing Hei Zhan
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Itay Mayrose
- Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Martin A Lysak
- RG Plant Cytogenomics, CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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128
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Jønsson KA, Borregaard MK, Carstensen DW, Hansen LA, Kennedy JD, Machac A, Marki PZ, Fjeldså J, Rahbek C. Biogeography and Biotic Assembly of Indo-Pacific Corvoid Passerine Birds. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS 2017. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110316-022813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Knud Andreas Jønsson
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;, ,
| | - Michael Krabbe Borregaard
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;, ,
| | - Daniel Wisbech Carstensen
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;, ,
| | - Louis A. Hansen
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;, ,
| | - Jonathan D. Kennedy
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;, ,
| | - Antonin Machac
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;, ,
| | - Petter Zahl Marki
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;, ,
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jon Fjeldså
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;, ,
| | - Carsten Rahbek
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;, ,
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot SL5 7PY, United Kingdom
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129
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Phylogenetic evidence for mid-Cenozoic turnover of a diverse continental biota. Nat Ecol Evol 2017; 1:1896-1902. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-017-0355-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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130
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Laver RJ, Nielsen SV, Rosauer DF, Oliver PM. Trans-biome diversity in Australian grass-specialist lizards (Diplodactylidae: Strophurus). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2017; 115:62-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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131
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Heterick BE, Castalanelli M, Shattuck SO. Revision of the ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zookeys 2017; 700:1-420. [PMID: 29358897 PMCID: PMC5711039 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.700.11784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The fauna of the purely Australian formicine ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is revised. This project involved integrated morphological and molecular taxonomy using one mitochondrial gene (COI) and four nuclear genes (AA, H3, LR and Wg). Seven major clades were identified and are here designated as the M. aeneovirens, M. anderseni, M. biroi, M. fulvihirtus, M. ludius, M. majeri and M. potteri species-groups. Within these clades, smaller complexes of similar species were also identified and designated species-complexes. The M. ludius species-group was identified purely on molecular grounds, as the morphology of its members is indistinguishable from typical members of the M. biroi species-complex within the M. biroi species-group. Most species-complexes sampled were also found to be monophyletic. Sequencing generally supported monophyly in taxa sampled but some species of the M. fieldi complex and M. biroi were not monophyletic and the implications arising from this are discussed in this monograph. Based on morphology, ninety-three species are recognized, 73 described as new. A further new species (here called 'Species K' [TERC Collection]) is noted in the taxonomic list, but is not described in this work. One species is removed from Melophorus: M. scipio Forel is here placed provisionally in Prolasius. Six species and five subspecies pass into synonymy. Of the full species, M. constans Santschi, M. iridescens (Emery) and M. insularis Wheeler are synonymized under M. aeneovirens (Lowne), M. pillipes Santschi is synonymized under M. turneri Forel, M. marius Forel is synonymized under M. biroi Forel, and M. omniparens Forel is synonymized under M. wheeleri Forel. Of the subspecies, M. iridescens fraudatrix and M. iridescens froggatti Forel are synonymized under M. aeneovirens (Lowne), M. turneri aesopus Forel and M. turneri candidus Santschi are synonymized under M. turneri Forel and M. fieldi propinqua Viehmeyer is synonymized under M. biroi. Camponotus cowlei Froggatt is reinstated as a junior synonym of Melophorus bagoti Lubbock. In addition, the subspecies M. fieldi major Forel, M. ludius sulla Forel and M. turneri perthensis Forel are raised to species. A key to workers of the genus is supplied. A lectotype is designated for M. curtus Forel, M. sulla, and M. turneri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian E Heterick
- Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth WA, Australia, 6845
- Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag 49, Welshpool DC. WA, Australia, 6986
| | | | - Steve O Shattuck
- C/o CSIRO Entomology, P. O. Box 1700, Canberra, Australia, ACT 2601
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132
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Trophic cascades and dingoes in Australia: Does the Yellowstone wolf–elk–willow model apply? FOOD WEBS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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133
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Patterns of Variation in the Cranial Osteology of Three Species of Endemic Australian Lizards (Ctenophorus: Squamata: Agamidae): Implications for the Fossil Record and Morphological Analyses made with Limited Sample Sizes. J HERPETOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1670/16-152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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134
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Phylogenetics of Australasian gall flies (Diptera: Fergusoninidae): Evolutionary patterns of host-shifting and gall morphology. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2017; 115:140-160. [PMID: 28757445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated host-specificity and phylogenetic relationships in Australian galling flies, Fergusonina Malloch (Diptera: Fergusoninidae), in order to assess diversity and explore the evolutionary history of host plant affiliation and gall morphology. A DNA barcoding approach using COI data from 203 Fergusonina specimens from 5gall types on 56 host plant species indicated 85 presumptive fly species. These exhibited a high degree of host specificity; of the 40 species with multiple representatives, each fed only on a single host genus, 29 (72.5%) were strictly monophagous, and 11 (27.5%) were reared from multiple closely related hosts. COI variation within species was not correlated with either sample size or geographic distance. However variation was greater within oligophagous species, consistent with expectations of the initial stages of host-associated divergence during speciation. Phylogenetic analysis using both nuclear and mitochondrial genes revealed host genus-restricted clades but also clear evidence of multiple colonizations of both host plant genus and host species. With the exception of unilocular peagalls, evolution of gall type was somewhat constrained, but to a lesser degree than host plant association. Unilocular peagalls arose more often than any other gall type, were primarily located at the tips of the phylogeny, and did not form clades comprising more than a few species. For ecological reasons, species of this gall type are predicted to harbor substantially less genetic variation than others, possibly reducing evolutionary flexibility resulting in reduced diversification in unilocular gallers.
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135
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Vidal-García M, Scott Keogh J. Phylogenetic conservatism in skulls and evolutionary lability in limbs - morphological evolution across an ancient frog radiation is shaped by diet, locomotion and burrowing. BMC Evol Biol 2017; 17:165. [PMID: 28693418 PMCID: PMC5504843 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-017-0993-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Quantifying morphological diversity across taxa can provide valuable insight into evolutionary processes, yet its complexities can make it difficult to identify appropriate units for evaluation. One of the challenges in this field is identifying the processes that drive morphological evolution, especially when accounting for shape diversification across multiple structures. Differential levels of co-varying phenotypic diversification can conceal selective pressures on traits due to morphological integration or modular shape evolution of different structures, where morphological evolution of different modules is explained either by co-variation between them or by independent evolution, respectively. Methods Here we used a 3D geometric morphometric approach with x-ray micro CT scan data of the skull and bones of forelimbs and hindlimbs of representative species from all 21 genera of the ancient Australo-Papuan myobatrachid frogs and analysed their shape both as a set of distinct modules and as a multi-modular integrative structure. We then tested three main questions: (i) are evolutionary patterns and the amount and direction of morphological changes similar in different structures and subfamilies?, (ii) do skulls and limbs show different levels of integration?, and (iii) is morphological diversity of skulls and limbs shaped by diet, locomotion, burrowing behavior, and ecology?. Results Our results in both skulls and limbs support a complex evolutionary pattern typical of an adaptive radiation with an early burst of phenotypic variation followed by slower rates of morphological change. Skull shape diversity was phylogenetically conserved and correlated with diet whereas limb shape was more labile and associated with diet, locomotion, and burrowing behaviour. Morphological changes between different limb bones were highly correlated, depicting high morphological integration. In contrast, overall limb and skull shape displayed semi-independence in morphological evolution, indicating modularity. Conclusions Our results illustrate how morphological diversification in animal clades can follow complex processes, entailing selective pressures from the environment as well as multiple trait covariance with varying degrees of independence across different structures. We suggest that accurately quantifying shape diversity across multiple structures is crucial in order to understand complex evolutionary processes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0993-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Vidal-García
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
| | - J Scott Keogh
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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136
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Larter M, Pfautsch S, Domec JC, Trueba S, Nagalingum N, Delzon S. Aridity drove the evolution of extreme embolism resistance and the radiation of conifer genus Callitris. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 215:97-112. [PMID: 28378882 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Xylem vulnerability to embolism is emerging as a major factor in drought-induced tree mortality events across the globe. However, we lack understanding of how and to what extent climate has shaped vascular properties or functions. We investigated the evolution of xylem hydraulic function and diversification patterns in Australia's most successful gymnosperm clade, Callitris, the world's most drought-resistant conifers. For all 23 species in this group, we measured embolism resistance (P50 ), xylem specific hydraulic conductivity (Ks ), wood density, and tracheary element size from natural populations. We investigated whether hydraulic traits variation linked with climate and the diversification of this clade using a time-calibrated phylogeny. Embolism resistance varied widely across the Callitris clade (P50 : -3.8 to -18.8 MPa), and was significantly related to water scarcity, as was tracheid diameter. We found no evidence of a safety-efficiency tradeoff; Ks and wood density were not related to rainfall. Callitris diversification coincides with the onset of aridity in Australia since the early Oligocene. Our results highlight the evolutionary lability of xylem traits with climate, and the leading role of aridity in the diversification of conifers. The uncoupling of safety from other xylem functions allowed Callitris to evolve extreme embolism resistance and diversify into xeric environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebastian Pfautsch
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Jean-Christophe Domec
- Bordeaux Sciences AGRO, UMR 1391 ISPA INRA, 1 Cours du Général de Gaulle, Gradignan Cedex, 33175, France
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Santiago Trueba
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, UCLA, 621 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- IRD, UMR AMAP, BPA5, Noumea, 98800, New Caledonia
| | - Nathalie Nagalingum
- National Herbarium of New South Wales, Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Mrs Macquaries Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia
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137
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Cardillo M, Weston PH, Reynolds ZKM, Olde PM, Mast AR, Lemmon EM, Lemmon AR, Bromham L. The phylogeny and biogeography of
Hakea
(Proteaceae) reveals the role of biome shifts in a continental plant radiation. Evolution 2017; 71:1928-1943. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Cardillo
- Macroevolution and Macroecology Group, Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra 0200 Australia
| | - Peter H. Weston
- National Herbarium of New South Wales Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Sydney NSW 2000 Australia
| | - Zoe K. M. Reynolds
- Macroevolution and Macroecology Group, Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra 0200 Australia
| | - Peter M. Olde
- National Herbarium of New South Wales Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Sydney NSW 2000 Australia
| | - Austin R. Mast
- Department of Biological Science Florida State University Tallahassee Florida 32306
| | - Emily M. Lemmon
- Department of Biological Science Florida State University Tallahassee Florida 32306
| | - Alan R. Lemmon
- Department of Scientific Computing, Florida State University Dirac Science Library Tallahassee Florida 32306
| | - Lindell Bromham
- Macroevolution and Macroecology Group, Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra 0200 Australia
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138
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Sesquiterpene Variation in West Australian Sandalwood (Santalum spicatum). Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22060940. [PMID: 28587294 PMCID: PMC6152738 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
West Australian sandalwood (Santalum spicatum) has long been exploited for its fragrant, sesquiterpene-rich heartwood; however sandalwood fragrance qualities vary substantially, which is of interest to the sandalwood industry. We investigated metabolite profiles of trees from the arid northern and southeastern and semi-arid southwestern regions of West Australia for patterns in composition and co-occurrence of sesquiterpenes. Total sesquiterpene content was similar across the entire sample collection; however sesquiterpene composition was highly variable. Northern populations contained the highest levels of desirable fragrance compounds, α- and β-santalol, as did individuals from the southwest. Southeastern populations were higher in E,E-farnesol, an undesired allergenic constituent, and low in santalols. These trees generally also contained higher levels of α-bisabolol. E,E-farnesol co-occurred with dendrolasin. Contrasting α-santalol and E,E-farnesol chemotypes revealed potential for future genetic tree improvement. Although chemical variation was evident both within and among regions, variation was generally lower within regions. Our results showed distinct patterns in chemical diversity of S. spicatum across its natural distribution, consistent with earlier investigations into sandalwood population genetics. These results are relevant for plantation tree improvement and conservation efforts.
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139
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Genome-wide data delimits multiple climate-determined species ranges in a widespread Australian fish, the golden perch (Macquaria ambigua). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2017; 111:65-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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140
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Morales HE, Sunnucks P, Joseph L, Pavlova A. Perpendicular axes of differentiation generated by mitochondrial introgression. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:3241-3255. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hernán E. Morales
- School of Biological Sciences Monash UniversityClayton Campus Melbourne Vic. 3800 Australia
- Centre for Marine Evolutionary Biology Department of Marine Sciences University of GothenburgBox 461 SE 405 30 Göteborg Sweden
| | - Paul Sunnucks
- School of Biological Sciences Monash UniversityClayton Campus Melbourne Vic. 3800 Australia
| | - Leo Joseph
- Australian National Wildlife Collection CSIRO National Research Collections AustraliaGPO Box 1700 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Alexandra Pavlova
- School of Biological Sciences Monash UniversityClayton Campus Melbourne Vic. 3800 Australia
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141
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Greenville AC, Dickman CR, Wardle GM. 75 years of dryland science: Trends and gaps in arid ecology literature. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175014. [PMID: 28384186 PMCID: PMC5383157 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth in the publication of scientific articles is occurring at an exponential rate, prompting a growing need to synthesise information in a timely manner to combat urgent environmental problems and guide future research. Here, we undertake a topic analysis of dryland literature over the last 75 years (8218 articles) to identify areas in arid ecology that are well studied and topics that are emerging. Four topics-wetlands, mammal ecology, litter decomposition and spatial modelling, were identified as 'hot topics' that showed higher than average growth in publications from 1940 to 2015. Five topics-remote sensing, climate, habitat and spatial, agriculture and soils-microbes, were identified as 'cold topics', with lower than average growth over the survey period, but higher than average numbers of publications. Topics in arid ecology clustered into seven broad groups on word-based similarity. These groups ranged from mammal ecology and population genetics, broad-scale management and ecosystem modelling, plant ecology, agriculture and ecophysiology, to populations and paleoclimate. These patterns may reflect trends in the field of ecology more broadly. We also identified two broad research gaps in arid ecology: population genetics, and habitat and spatial research. Collaborations between population genetics and ecologists and investigations of ecological processes across spatial scales would contribute profitably to the advancement of arid ecology and to ecology more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron C. Greenville
- Desert Ecology Research Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- National Environmental Science Programme Threatened Species Recovery Hub, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Long Term Ecological Research Network, Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network, Sydney, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Chris R. Dickman
- Desert Ecology Research Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- National Environmental Science Programme Threatened Species Recovery Hub, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Long Term Ecological Research Network, Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network, Sydney, Australia
| | - Glenda M. Wardle
- Desert Ecology Research Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Long Term Ecological Research Network, Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network, Sydney, Australia
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142
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Edwards RD, Crisp MD, Cook DH, Cook LG. Congruent biogeographical disjunctions at a continent-wide scale: Quantifying and clarifying the role of biogeographic barriers in the Australian tropics. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174812. [PMID: 28376094 PMCID: PMC5380322 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To test whether novel and previously hypothesized biogeogaphic barriers in the Australian Tropics represent significant disjunction points or hard barriers, or both, to the distribution of plants. LOCATION Australian tropics: Australian Monsoon Tropics and Australian Wet Tropics. METHODS The presence or absence of 6,861 plant species was scored across 13 putative biogeographic barriers in the Australian Tropics, including two that have not previously been recognised. Randomizations of these data were used to test whether more species showed disjunctions (gaps in distribution) or likely barriers (range limits) at these points than expected by chance. RESULTS Two novel disjunctions in the Australian Tropics flora are identified in addition to eleven putative barriers previously recognized for animals. Of these, eleven disjunction points (all within the Australian Monsoon Tropics) were found to correspond to range-ending barriers to a significant number of species, while neither of the two disjunctions found within the Australian Wet Tropics limited a significant number of species' ranges. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Biogeographic barriers present significant distributional limits to native plant species in the Australian Monsoon Tropics but not in the Australian Wet Tropics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Edwards
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael D Crisp
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Dianne H Cook
- Department of Econometrics and Business Statistics, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lyn G Cook
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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143
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Rix MG, Cooper SJ, Meusemann K, Klopfstein S, Harrison SE, Harvey MS, Austin AD. Post-Eocene climate change across continental Australia and the diversification of Australasian spiny trapdoor spiders (Idiopidae: Arbanitinae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2017; 109:302-320. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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144
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McLean AJ, Toon A, Schmidt DJ, Hughes JM, Joseph L. Phylogeography and geno-phenotypic discordance in a widespread Australian bird, the Variegated Fairy-wren, Malurus lamberti (Aves: Maluridae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blx004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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145
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Brennan IG, Oliver PM. Mass turnover and recovery dynamics of a diverse Australian continental radiation. Evolution 2017; 71:1352-1365. [PMID: 28213971 DOI: 10.1111/evo.13207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Trends in global and local climate history have been linked to observed macroevolutionary patterns across a variety of organisms. These climatic pressures may unilaterally or asymmetrically influence the evolutionary trajectory of clades. To test and compare signatures of changing global (Eocene-Oligocene boundary cooling) and continental (Miocene aridification) environments on a continental fauna, we investigated the macroevolutionary dynamics of one of Australia's most diverse endemic radiations, pygopodoid geckos. We generated a time-calibrated phylogeny (>90% taxon coverage) to test whether (i) asymmetrical pygopodoid tree shape may be the result of mass turnover deep in the group's history, and (ii) how Miocene aridification shaped trends in biome assemblages. We find evidence of mass turnover in pygopodoids following the isolation of the Australian continental plate ∼30 million years ago, and in contrast, gradual aridification is linked to elevated speciation rates in the young arid zone. Surprisingly, our results suggest that invasion of arid habitats was not an evolutionary end point. Instead, arid Australia has acted as a source for diversity, with repeated outward dispersals having facilitated diversification of this group. This pattern contrasts trends in richness and distribution of other Australian vertebrates, illustrating the profound effects historical biome changes have on macroevolutionary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian G Brennan
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Paul M Oliver
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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146
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Marki PZ, Jønsson KA, Irestedt M, Nguyen JM, Rahbek C, Fjeldså J. Supermatrix phylogeny and biogeography of the Australasian Meliphagides radiation (Aves: Passeriformes). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2017; 107:516-529. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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147
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Maddock ST, Childerstone A, Fry BG, Williams DJ, Barlow A, Wüster W. Multi-locus phylogeny and species delimitation of Australo-Papuan blacksnakes (Pseudechis Wagler, 1830: Elapidae: Serpentes). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2017; 107:48-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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148
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Distribution and Evolution of Mycorrhizal Types and Other Specialised Roots in Australia. BIOGEOGRAPHY OF MYCORRHIZAL SYMBIOSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-56363-3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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149
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Umbrello LS, Woolley PA, Westerman M. Species relationships in the dasyurid marsupial genus Pseudantechinus (Marsupialia : Dasyuridae): a re-examination of the taxonomic status of Pseudantechinus roryi. AUST J ZOOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/zo17059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The status of Pseudantechinus roryi relative to its congeners has been determined from DNA sequences obtained from both nuclear and mitochondrial gene loci. Although all other recognised species of Pseudantechinus form reciprocally monophyletic lineages in phylogenetic analyses, individuals identified in museum collections as Ps. roryi (including type specimens) were indistinguishable from those identified as Ps. macdonnellensis. Ps. roryi is thus considered to be a synonym of Ps. macdonnellensis. Neighbour-joining network analyses failed to reveal any clear biogeographic differences between populations of Ps. macdonnellensis other than some evidence of isolation by distance.
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150
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Kear BP, Aplin KP, Westerman M. Bandicoot fossils and DNA elucidate lineage antiquity amongst xeric-adapted Australasian marsupials. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37537. [PMID: 27881865 PMCID: PMC5121598 DOI: 10.1038/srep37537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Bandicoots (Peramelemorphia) are a unique order of Australasian marsupials whose sparse fossil record has been used as prima facie evidence for climate change coincident faunal turnover. In particular, the hypothesized replacement of ancient rainforest-dwelling extinct lineages by antecedents of xeric-tolerant extant taxa during the late Miocene (~10 Ma) has been advocated as a broader pattern evident amongst other marsupial clades. Problematically, however, this is in persistent conflict with DNA phylogenies. We therefore determine the pattern and timing of bandicoot evolution using the first combined morphological + DNA sequence dataset of Peramelemorphia. In addition, we document a remarkably archaic new fossil peramelemorphian taxon that inhabited a latest Quaternary mosaic savannah-riparian forest ecosystem on the Aru Islands of Eastern Indonesia. Our phylogenetic analyses reveal that unsuspected dental homoplasy and the detrimental effects of missing data collectively obscure stem bandicoot relationships. Nevertheless, recalibrated molecular clocks and multiple ancestral area optimizations unanimously infer an early diversification of modern xeric-adapted forms. These probably originated during the late Palaeogene (30-40 Ma) alongside progenitors of other desert marsupials, and thus occupied seasonally dry heterogenous habitats long before the onset of late Neogene aridity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin P Kear
- Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 16, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ken P Aplin
- Division of Mammals, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box. 37012, Washington, DC, 20013-7012, USA
| | - Michael Westerman
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
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