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Concurrent exercise improves insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by upregulating PPAR-γ and genes involved in the beta-oxidation of fatty acids in ApoE-KO mice fed a high-fat diet. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:6. [PMID: 30611282 PMCID: PMC6320624 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0933-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To emphasize the mechanism of concurrent exercise effect on lipid disorders in insulin resistance (IR) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Materials and methods Twenty male ApoE knockout mice were randomly divided into two groups: HFD group (n = 10) fed a high fat diet, and HFDE group (n = 10) with high-fat diet intervention for 12 weeks and swimming exercise. Other ten healthy male C57BL/6 J mice were fed a normal diet, and included as control group. Retro-orbital blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Oil red O staining of liver tissues was performed to confirm the exercise effect. Western blotting was performed to evaluate the expressions of PPAR-γ, CPT-1, MCAD. Results The levels of TG, TC, LDL, FFA, FIN, FPG and Homa-IRI in the HFD group were significantly higher than ND group, while these were markedly decreased in the HFDE group compared with HFD group. The Oil Red O staining of liver samples further confirmed the exercise effect on the change of lipid deposition in the liver. Western blotting showed increased expressions of PPAR-γ, CPT-1, MCAD induced by high fat diet were significantly downregulated by exercise. Conclusion A concurrent 12-week exercise protocol alleviated the lipid metabolism disorders of IR and NAFLD, probably via PPAR-γ/CPT-1/MCAD signaling.
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102
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Ching-Yeung Yu B, Kwok D, Wong VWS. Magnitude of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Eastern Perspective. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2019; 9:491-496. [PMID: 31516265 PMCID: PMC6728533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, affecting a quarter of the global adult population. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, the more active form of NAFLD with active hepatic necroinflammation and faster fibrosis progression, has become one of the leading indications for liver transplantation and an important cause of hepatocellular carcinoma in Western countries. Epidemiological studies suggest that NAFLD is almost equally prevalent in Asia as in the West, but severe liver complications appear to be less common. In this article, we review the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, risk factors and clinical outcomes of NAFLD in Asia. We highlight the issue of NAFLD in the nonobese population and discuss whether it is a unique phenomenon in Asia. Because of the rapidly changing epidemiology and natural history, future studies should continue to monitor the magnitude of NAFLD in Asia and define the best policy to control this new epidemic.
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103
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Xu C, Ma Z, Wang Y, Liu X, Tao L, Zheng D, Guo X, Yang X. Visceral adiposity index as a predictor of NAFLD: A prospective study with 4-year follow-up. Liver Int 2018; 38:2294-2300. [PMID: 30099825 DOI: 10.1111/liv.13941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Although evidence indicates that visceral adipose tissue is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), it is unclear whether the visceral adiposity index (VAI) can predict the onset of NAFLD. This study aimed to determine whether the VAI is an independent risk factor of NAFLD and whether there is a dose-response relationship. METHODS We explored the relationship between VAI levels and NAFLD in a health check-up cohort established in 2012. There were 4809 subjects with baseline data and results from 4 follow-up examinations. The diagnosis of NAFLD was established by demonstration of increased hepatic echogenicity with ultrasound and exclusion of alcohol overconsumption with questionnaires. We divided the subjects into 4 groups according to baseline VAI levels and used the Cox hazard regression model to estimate NAFLD risk by VAI quartile at baseline by adjusting for potential confounding factors. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to compare the risk of NAFLD incidence among individuals in each VAI quartile. RESULTS The 4-year cumulative incidence of NAFLD in this cohort was 13.9%. The hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals, 95% CI) for NAFLD in the second, third and fourth VAI quartiles compared with the first quartile were 1.42 (95% CI: 1.24-1.64), 1.73 (95% CI: 1.51-1.99) and 2.13(95% CI: 1.86-2.45) respectively. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis suggested that higher VAI levels predict higher incidences of NAFLD in a dose-dependent relationship. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the VAI level is an independent risk factor of NAFLD and there is a dose-response relationship between VAI level and NAFLD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaonan Xu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimin Ma
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfeng Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangtong Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Tao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Deqiang Zheng
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuhua Guo
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xinghua Yang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
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104
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Zheng R, Du Z, Wang M, Mao Y, Mao W. A longitudinal epidemiological study on the triglyceride and glucose index and the incident nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:262. [PMID: 30458848 PMCID: PMC6247753 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0913-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) both bave been related to insulin resistance (IR). The study aimed to investigate the longitudinal relationship between TyG index and NAFLD and to evaluate the ability of TyG, through comparing with the predictive value of other indexes, to identify individuals at risk for NAFLD. METHODS Four thousand and five hundred thirty nine subjects without NAFLD initially were followed up for 9 years. Cox regression models were used to analyze the risk factors of NAFLD. RESULTS Cox regression analyses indicated the TyG index was independently and positively associated with the risk of incident NAFLD. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the optimal cut-off level for TyG to predict incident NAFLD was 8.52 and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.76 (95% CI 0.74-0.77), which was larger than that of TG, ALT and FPG. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the elevation of the TyG index might predict increase risk for incident NAFLD and it may be suitable as a diagnostic criterion for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjiong Zheng
- Department of Pulmonology, Ningbo Yinzhou Second Hospital, Ningbo 1 Qianhe Road, Ningbo, 315192, China
| | - Zhennan Du
- Department of Pulmonology, Ningbo Yinzhou Second Hospital, Ningbo 1 Qianhe Road, Ningbo, 315192, China
| | - Mingming Wang
- Department of Pulmonology, Ningbo Yinzhou Second Hospital, Ningbo 1 Qianhe Road, Ningbo, 315192, China
| | - Yushan Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University School of Medicine, 247 Renmin Road, Ningbo, 315020, China.
| | - Wenjie Mao
- Department of Pulmonology, Ningbo Yinzhou Second Hospital, Ningbo 1 Qianhe Road, Ningbo, 315192, China.
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105
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Luo J, Chen Q, Shen T, Wang X, Fang W, Wu X, Yuan Z, Chen G, Ling W, Chen Y. Association of sex hormone-binding globulin with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese adults. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2018; 15:79. [PMID: 30455723 PMCID: PMC6225668 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-018-0313-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), a glycoprotein synthesized by hepatocytes, has been linked to insulin resistance and hepatic lipid metabolism and is suggested to be associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to investigate the association of SHBG with NAFLD in Chinese adults. Methods We conducted a community-based, cross-sectional study in China involving 2912 participants aged 40–75 years old. All participants underwent detection for hepatic fat infiltration by ultrasound in addition to providing complete medical history and undergoing physical and blood biochemical examinations. The association of serum SHBG with the presence of NAFLD was reported by adjusted odds ratio after applying logistic regression models. To further explore the relationship between SHBG and NAFLD, mRNA expression of SHBG and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-α (HNF4α), as well as intrahepatic triglycerides, were determined from the liver tissues of 32 subjects with different degrees of steatosis. Results Serum SHBG levels in patients with NAFLD (median, 43.8 nmol/L; interquartile range, 33.4–56.8 nmol/L) were significantly lower than those in non-NAFLD subjects (median, 63.4 nmol/L; interquartile range, 47.6–83.1 nmol/L). Serum SHBG levels were inversely correlated with WHR, trunk fat percentage, glucose, HOMA-IR, TG, UA and DHEAS, and were positively correlated with HDL-C levels (all p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis indicated that serum SHBG levels were negatively associated with the presence of NAFLD in all subjects, as well as the subgroups stratified by sex, BMI and HOMA-IR (all p < 0.05). In human liver tissues, SHBG and HNF4α mRNA expression decreased along with the elevated grade of hepatic steatosis. Both SHBG and HNF4α mRNA expression levels were negatively correlated with intrahepatic triglycerides. Conclusions These results demonstrate that SHBG levels were negatively associated with the presence of NAFLD in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12986-018-0313-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Luo
- 1Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, 510080 China.,2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Qian Chen
- 1Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, 510080 China.,2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080 China.,5Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Tianran Shen
- 1Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, 510080 China.,2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Xu Wang
- 1Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, 510080 China.,2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Wanjun Fang
- 1Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, 510080 China.,2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Xiaocai Wu
- 4Department of Hepatic Surgery,The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630 China
| | - Zenan Yuan
- 4Department of Hepatic Surgery,The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630 China
| | - Gengdong Chen
- 2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080 China.,3Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Wenhua Ling
- 1Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, 510080 China.,2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080 China
| | - Yuming Chen
- 2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, 510080 China.,3Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, 510080 China
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106
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Gurusamy KS, Tsochatzis E, Madden AM. Nutritional supplementation for non-alcohol-related fatty liver disease: a network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kurinchi Selvan Gurusamy
- Royal Free Campus, UCL Medical School; Department of Surgery; Royal Free Hospital Rowland Hill Street London UK NW3 2PF
| | - Emmanuel Tsochatzis
- Royal Free Hospital and the UCL Institute of Liver and Digestive Health; Sheila Sherlock Liver Centre; Pond Street London UK NW3 2QG
| | - Angela M Madden
- University of Hertfordshire; Biological & Environmental Sciences; College Lane Hatfield Hertfordshire UK AL10 9AB
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107
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Gurusamy KS, Tsochatzis E, Madden AM. Lifestyle modifications for non-alcohol related fatty liver disease: a network meta-analysis. Hippokratia 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kurinchi Selvan Gurusamy
- Royal Free Campus, UCL Medical School; Department of Surgery; Royal Free Hospital Rowland Hill Street London UK NW3 2PF
| | - Emmanuel Tsochatzis
- Royal Free Hospital and the UCL Institute of Liver and Digestive Health; Sheila Sherlock Liver Centre; Pond Street London UK NW3 2QG
| | - Angela M Madden
- University of Hertfordshire; Biological & Environmental Sciences; College Lane Hatfield Hertfordshire UK AL10 9AB
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108
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Relationship between Serum Cytokeratin-18, Control Attenuation Parameter, NAFLD Fibrosis Score, and Liver Steatosis in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Hepatol 2018; 2018:9252536. [PMID: 30363686 PMCID: PMC6180970 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9252536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS The aim of this study was to appraise the relationship between serum fragmented cytokeratin-18(CK-18), controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), and liver steatosis assessed by ultrasound (US) in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. METHODS Patients who underwent abdominal US were recruited, followed with measurement of CAP using Fibroscan® and serum fragmented CK-18 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The degree of liver steatosis assessed by US was categorized into mild (S1), moderate (S2), and severe (S3). RESULTS A total of 109 patients were included in our study. CAP and fragmented CK-18 level were significantly correlated with liver steatosis grade with rs = 0.56 and 0.68, p=0.001, respectively. NAFLD Fibrosis Score was poorly correlated with liver steatosis grade (rs=-0.096, p=0.318). Using fragmented CK-18 level, area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curves for S≥2 and S≥3 were excellent (0.82 and 0.84, respectively). Using CAP, AUROC curves for detection of S≥2 and S≥3 were good (0.76, 0.77, respectively). We also proposed cut-off value of CAP to detect S≥2 and S≥3 to be 263 and 319db/m, respectively, and fragmented CK-18 level to detect S≥2 and S≥3 (194 and 294 U/L, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Both the fragmented CK-18 level and the CAP, but not NAFLD Fibrosis Score, were well correlated with hepatic steatosis grade as assessed by US.
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109
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Turchinovich A, Baranova A, Drapkina O, Tonevitsky A. Cell-Free Circulating Nucleic Acids as Early Biomarkers for NAFLD and NAFLD-Associated Disorders. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1256. [PMID: 30294278 PMCID: PMC6158334 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the worldwide most common cause of chronic liver pathology, which prevalence strongly correlates with the increasing incidence of diabetes, obesity and metabolic syndrome in the general population. Simple steatosis, the earliest NAFLD stage, usually remains asymptomatic, and appropriate changes in the lifestyle, as well as the diet, can reverse the affected liver into the healthy state. The potential of simple steatosis to progress into severe fibrotic stages and to facilitate carcinogenesis necessitates timely NAFLD detection and risk stratification in community-based healthcare settings. Since their initial discovery a decade ago, extracellular circulating miRNAs have been found in all human biological fluids including blood and shown to hold great promises as non-invasive biomarkers. Normally, intracellular miRNAs participate in the regulation of gene expression, but once released by dying/dead cells they remain highly stable in the extracellular environment for prolonged periods. Therefore, circulating miRNA profiles can reflect the ongoing pathogenic processes in body's tissues and organs, and enable highly sensitive non-invasive diagnosis of multiple disorders. A non-urgent character of the NAFLD-related decision-making justifies the use of chronic liver diseases as an excellent test case for examining the practical utility of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for longitudinal monitoring of human health. In this review, we summarize the state-of-the-art in the field of early diagnosis of NAFLD using circulating blood miRNAs, and stress the necessity of additional experimental validation of their diagnostic potential. We further emphasize on the potential diagnostics promises of other cell-free RNA species found in human biological fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Turchinovich
- SciBerg e.Kfm, Mannheim, Germany
- Molecular Epidemiology C080, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ancha Baranova
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
- Research Center for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
- Atlas Biomed Group, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oksana Drapkina
- Federal State Institution National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Tonevitsky
- Department of Cell Biology, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
- art photonics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- SRC Bioclinicum, Moscow, Russia
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110
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Zhou K, Cen J. The fatty liver index (FLI) and incident hypertension: a longitudinal study among Chinese population. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:214. [PMID: 30205810 PMCID: PMC6134515 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0858-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension and nonalcoholic fatty liver both have been considered as the serious public health problems in recent years. However, the longitudinal association between hypertension and nonalcoholic fatty liver remains unclear in Chinese population. METHODS This study was aimed to investigate the longitudinal association between nonalcoholic fatty liver assessed by fatty liver index and the incident hypertension among Chinese population and to evaluate the ability of FLI index, through comparing with the predictive value of other indexes. RESULTS Four thousand six hundred eighty-six subjects (3177 males and 1509 females) were involved and followed up for 9 years. The subjects were divided into groups according to the fatty liver index. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to analyze the risk factors of hypertension. After 9 years of follow-up, 2047 subjects developed hypertension. The overall 9-year cumulative incidence of HTN was 43.7%, ranging from 36.0% (FLI < 30) to 75.3% (FLI ≥ 60) (P for trend < 0.001). Cox regression analyses indicated that nonalcoholic fatty liver assessed by fatty liver index was independently and positively associated with the risk of incident hypertension. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the ROC curve (AUC) of FLI was 0.701 (95% CI 0.686-0.716), which was larger than that of its components. CONCLUSION The nonalcoholic fatty liver assessed by FLI independently predicted the incident hypertension among the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kena Zhou
- Ningbo No. 9 Hospital, Ningbo, 315020 China
- Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020 China
| | - Jie Cen
- Ningbo No. 9 Hospital, Ningbo, 315020 China
- Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020 China
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111
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Sun SM, Wang YY, Zhang Q, Liu L, Meng G, Yao ZX, Wu HM, Xia Y, Bao X, Gu YQ, Wang HL, Shi HB, Xu HY, Wang X, Zhou M, Jiao HL, Jia QY, Wang BM, Niu KJ. Serum levels of immunoglobulins in an adult population and their relationship with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Dig Dis 2018; 19:498-507. [PMID: 29989347 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Few studies have reported the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and immunoglobulins. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between serum immunoglobulin levels and NAFLD in a Chinese adult population. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study including 11 261 Chinese adults. NAFLD was diagnosed based on the Chinese Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of fatty liver diseases and an alcohol intake of <70 g/week in women and <140 g/week in men, and serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels were determined using immune nephelometry. Multiple logistic regression analysis was done to assess relationships between concentrations of serum immunoglobulins and NAFLD. RESULTS Of the 11 261 adults recruited from January 2010 to December 2015, the prevalence of NAFLD was 40.8% (n = 4598). The geometric mean levels of IgG, IgM, IgE and IgA were 1177.49 mg/dL (95% confidence interval [CI] 1173.07-1181.93), 93.56 mg/dL (95% CI 92.70-94.42), 30.70 IU/mL (95% CI 29.92-31.49) and 216.64 mg/dL (95% CI 214.95-218.34), respectively. Compared with the lowest quintile, the multivariable adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) of NAFLD for the highest quintile of IgG, IgM, IgE, and IgA were 0.78 (0.66-0.92), 0.71 (0.60-0.84), 0.98 (0.84-1.15) and 1.41 (1.21-1.66), respectively. CONCLUSION Increased IgA and decreased IgG and IgM levels are independently associated with NAFLD prevalence. Further research is needed to explore the causal association between serum immunoglobulins and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao Mei Sun
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Yan Wang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ge Meng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhan Xin Yao
- Tianjin Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Mei Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Bao
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Qing Gu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Lei Wang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Bin Shi
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hai Yan Xu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan Li Jiao
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Yu Jia
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bang Mao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kai Jun Niu
- Health Management Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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112
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Wang Y, Zhang P, Su X, Yu Q, Chen Y, Guan H, Liu E, Fan J. Establishment of a novel non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease model using cholesterol‑fed rabbits with reference to the potential role of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2898-2904. [PMID: 30015906 PMCID: PMC6102742 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to establish a non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model using cholesterol-fed rabbits and to investigate whether endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) serves a role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. A total of 20 male rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: Those fed a normal chow diet, a high cholesterol diet (HCD) or a high fat and high cholesterol diet (HFCD) for 12 weeks. Total cholesterol, triglycerides and free fatty acids of plasma and the liver were measured. At 12 weeks, a glucose tolerance test was performed. The steatosis of the liver was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin and Oil Red O staining. Expression levels of glucose regulation protein 78, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and caspase-12 mRNA was analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and free fatty acids in the HCD and HFCD groups were significantly higher when compared with those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Histological analysis revealed that HCD and HFCD groups demonstrated marked differences in the fatty liver compared with the control group, while there was no significant difference between the HCD and HFCD groups. JNK and caspase-12 expression were significantly increased in the HCD and HFCD groups when compared with the control. The HCD and HFCD groups exhibited prominent fatty livers, a typical pathological feature of NAFLD. However, the addition of high fat levels in the cholesterol diet did not increase the severity of hepatic steatosis in HFCD when compared with the HCD group. Thus, the ERS pathway may participate in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, and cholesterol-fed rabbits may become a novel model for the study of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
| | - Xingli Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
| | - Qi Yu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
| | - Yulong Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
| | - Hua Guan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
| | - Enqi Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
| | - Jianglin Fan
- Department of Pathology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
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113
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Zhong GC, Wu YL, Hao FB, Rao XW, Yuan XW, Zhao Y, Gong JP. Current but not past hepatitis B virus infection is associated with a decreased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the Chinese population: A case-control study with propensity score analysis. J Viral Hepat 2018; 25:842-852. [PMID: 29406564 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The relation between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and fatty liver has been addressed by several observational studies, but their results remain controversial. To date, no study has precisely investigated the association of current and past HBV infection with the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the Chinese population. Therefore, we conducted a hospital-based case-control study in southwestern China to clarify this issue. A total of 631 newly ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD cases and 2357 controls were selected from 123 243 consecutive patients admitted to a tertiary-care hospital between January 2015 and December 2016. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A propensity score was developed for adjustment and matching. Subgroup analysis was conducted to identify potential effect modifiers. Current and past HBV infection had an overall prevalence of 9.7% and 55.2%, respectively. In the fully adjusted model, current HBV infection was associated with a decreased risk of NAFLD (OR 0.64; 95% CI 0.42-0.95). A similar inverse association was observed in both propensity-score-adjusted (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.40-0.86) and propensity-score-matched analyses (OR 0.61; 95% CI 0.40-0.92).The inverse association was stronger in patients with hypertension than in those without (Pinteraction = .018).No significant association between past HBV infection and NAFLD risk was found. In conclusion, current but not past HBV infection is associated with a decreased risk of NAFLD in the Chinese population. The corresponding biological mechanisms remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Y L Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - F B Hao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - X W Rao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - X W Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Y Zhao
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - J P Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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114
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Qin N, Dong X, Zhao L. Microbiome: from community metabolism to host diseases. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2018; 61:741-743. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-018-9335-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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115
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Li F, Sun G, Wang Z, Wu W, Guo H, Peng L, Wu L, Guo X, Yang Y. Characteristics of fecal microbiota in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2018; 61:770-778. [PMID: 29948900 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-017-9303-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the gut microbiota of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The inclusive and exclusive criteria for NAFLD patients and healthy subjects were formulated, and detailed clinical data were collected. The genomic DNA of stool samples were extracted for 16S rDNA sequencing, and the amplified V4-region was sequenced on the Illumina Miseq platform. Metastats analysis was performed to identify the differential taxa between the groups. Redundancy analysis was used to evaluate the association between gut microbial structure and clinical variables. Thirty NAFLD patients and 37 healthy controls were involved. The 16S rDNA sequencing showed that there was a dramatic variability of the fecal microbiota among all the individuals. Metastats analysis identified eight families and 12 genera with significant differences between the two groups. When some clinical parameters, such as waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), were enrolled in Redundancy analysis, the distribution of the two group of samples was obviously changed. The compositional shifts in fecal bacterial communities of NAFLD patients from the healthy controls were mainly at family or genus levels. According to our Redundancy analysis, insulin resistance and obesity might be closely related to both NAFLD phenotype and intestinal microecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Liver Disease, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Gang Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zikai Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Wenming Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Jinan Military Region, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - He Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Lihua Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xu Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yunsheng Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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116
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Wang H, Wang L, Cheng Y, Xia Z, Liao Y, Cao J. Efficacy of orlistat in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Biomed Rep 2018; 9:90-96. [PMID: 29930810 DOI: 10.3892/br.2018.1100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present meta-analysis, the efficacy and safety of orlistat in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) were evaluated. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Wan Fang data were searched for controlled trials of orlistat in patients with NAFLD or NASH, published before August 2017. Three randomized controlled trials and four single-arm trials were included. The involved participants with NAFLD or NASH (330 patients) were analyzed for clinical outcomes including alteration in hepatic histological variables and biomarkers of liver function. Improvements were observed in levels of alanine aminotransferase [standard mean difference (SMD)=-1.41; P=0.01], aspartate aminotransferase (SMD=-2.06; P=0.0005), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (SMD=-1.91; P=0.05), glucose [mean difference (MD)=-0.51; P=0.01], triglycerides (MD=-0.93; P=0.01), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (MD=-1.05; P=0.04) and body mass index (MD=-1.97; P=0.02), but not in liver fibrosis score (SMD=-0.14; P=0.71). On sub-analyses of the different patient groups, no significant differences were observed in patients with NASH. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that orlistat could serve as a therapeutic drug to improve biochemical indicators of liver damage, but not as first-choice drug for the management of NAFLD or NASH; thus suggesting a novel palliative drug only for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Yujia Cheng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqing Xia
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Yifeng Liao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Cao
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
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117
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Zhang X, Li L, Chen T, Sun Z, Tang W, Wang S, Wang T, Wang Y, Zhang H. Research Progress in the Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Invigoration on Neurotransmitter Related Diseases. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:4642018. [PMID: 29861770 PMCID: PMC5976975 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4642018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tonic traditional Chinese medicine is widely used in clinical practice and is categorized into four main drugs, namely, Qi-supplementing, Blood-enriching, Yin-nourishing, and Yang-tonifying. Neurotransmitters play a coordinating role in the nervous system, visceral function, and stress response. The excitation or suppression of the central nervous system is closely related to various diseases, such as insomnia, depression, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and perimenopausal syndrome. An increasing amount of evidence shows that Chinese tonic herb and its active ingredients can delay the occurrence and development of these diseases by modulating related neurotransmitters and their receptors, including norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), acetylcholine (ACh), and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). In the present report, studies on the treatment of these neurotransmitter related diseases in relation to the application of tonic Chinese medicine are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiting Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Lin Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Zuoyan Sun
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300193, China
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118
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Min YW, Kim Y, Gwak GY, Gu S, Kang D, Cho SJ, Guallar E, Cho J, Sinn DH. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the development of reflux esophagitis: A cohort study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 33:1053-1058. [PMID: 29131401 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome, is associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease in cross-sectional studies, but a prospective association has not been evaluated. The current study aimed to determine whether NAFLD increases the risk of incident reflux esophagitis in a large cohort study. METHODS We conducted a cohort study of 34 063 men and women without reflux esophagitis or other upper gastrointestinal disease at baseline who underwent health checkup examinations between January 2003 and December 2013. Fatty liver was diagnosed by ultrasound based on standard criteria. Reflux esophagitis was defined by the presence of at least grade A mucosal break on esophagogastroduodenoscopy. RESULTS The prevalence of NAFLD at baseline was 33.2%. During 153 520.2 person-years of follow-up, the cumulative incidences of reflux esophagitis for participants without and with NAFLD were 9.6% and 13.8%, respectively (P < 0.001). The age-adjusted and sex-adjusted hazard ratio for the risk of reflux esophagitis development in participants with NAFLD compared with those without NAFLD was 1.15 (95% confidence interval 1.07-1.23; P < 0.001). However, this association disappeared after adjusting for body mass index and other metabolic factors (hazard ratio 1.01, 95% confidence interval 0.94-1.09; P = 0.79). Similarly, in multivariable-adjusted models, there was no significant association between NAFLD severity and the risk of developing reflux esophagitis. CONCLUSIONS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is not independently associated with the risk of the development of reflux esophagitis, but rather, reflux esophagitis is primarily the consequence of increased body mass index commonly associated with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Won Min
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngha Kim
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geum-Youn Gwak
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seonhye Gu
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Danbee Kang
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Jin Cho
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Juhee Cho
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dong Hyun Sinn
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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119
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Guo J, Li C, Yang C, Li B, Wei J, Lin Y, Ye P, Hu G, Li J. Liraglutide reduces hepatic glucolipotoxicity‑induced liver cell apoptosis through NRF2 signaling in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:8316-8324. [PMID: 29693190 PMCID: PMC5984007 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of liraglutide on glucolipotoxicity-induced liver cell apoptosis and the underlying mechanisms in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. The results revealed that liraglutide significantly decreased the body weight, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia of ZDF rats relative to those of Zucker lean (ZL) rats (P<0.05). Furthermore, the reduced liver cell apoptosis was observed in the ZDF rats following 6 weeks of liraglutide therapy. These data validated the beneficial effects of liraglutide on diabetic and obese ZDF rats. In addition, novel data was obtained that demonstrated that liraglutide treatment increased the expression of the antioxidant transcription factor nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), as well as the transcription of downstream target genes, including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate quinone dehydrogenase 1 and heme oxygenase-1 (P<0.05). Additionally, serum and hepatic GSH and SOD levels increased following liraglutide therapy (P<0.05). Hence, it was proposed that liraglutide may enhance the antioxidant activity of liver cells by activating the NRF2 signaling pathway, thereby reducing liver cell apoptosis induced by glucolipotoxicity in ZDF rats, which may shed light on the application of liraglutide in the treatment of diabetes- and obesity-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Cai Li
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Chunxiao Yang
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Encephalopathy, Medical Department of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wei
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Yajun Lin
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Peng Ye
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Gang Hu
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Jian Li
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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120
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Zhang X, Yang W, Wang J, Meng Y, Guan Y, Yang J. FAM3 gene family: A promising therapeutical target for NAFLD and type 2 diabetes. Metabolism 2018; 81:71-82. [PMID: 29221790 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes are severe public health issues worldwide. The Family with sequence similarity 3 (FAM3) gene family consists of four members designated as FAM3A, FAM3B, FAM3C and FAM3D, respectively. Recently, there had been increasing evidence that FAM3A, FAM3B and FAM3C are important regulators of glucose and lipid metabolism. FAM3A expression is reduced in the livers of diabetic rodents and NAFLD patients. Hepatic FAM3A restoration activates ATP-P2 receptor-Akt and AMPK pathways to attenuate steatosis and hyperglycemia in obese diabetic mice. FAM3C expression is also reduced in the liver under diabetic condition. FAM3C is a new hepatokine that activates HSF1-CaM-Akt pathway and represses mTOR-SREBP1-FAS pathway to suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis. In contrast, hepatic expression of FAM3B, also called PANDER, is increased under obese state. FAM3B promotes hepatic lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis by repressing Akt and AMPK activities, and activating lipogenic pathway. Under obese state, the imbalance among hepatic FAM3A, FAM3B and FAM3C signaling networks plays important roles in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and type 2 diabetes. This review briefly discussed the latest research progress on the roles and mechanisms of FAM3A, FAM3B and FAM3C in the regulation of hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Weili Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Junpei Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuhong Meng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Youfei Guan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Jichun Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
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121
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Chan WK, Treeprasertsuk S, Imajo K, Nakajima A, Seki Y, Kasama K, Kakizaki S, Fan JG, Song MJ, Yoon SK, Dan YY, Lesmana L, Ho KY, Goh KL, Wong VWS. Clinical features and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease across the Asia Pacific region-the GO ASIA initiative. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 47:816-825. [PMID: 29333610 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Gut and Obesity Asia (GO ASIA) workgroup was formed to study the relationships between obesity and gastrointestinal diseases in the Asia Pacific region. AIM To study factors associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and advanced fibrosis, and medical treatment of biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. METHODS Retrospective study of biopsy-proven NAFLD patients from centres in the GO ASIA Workgroup. Independent factors associated with NASH and with advanced fibrosis on binary logistic regression analyses in a training cohort were used for the development of their corresponding risk score, which were validated in a validation cohort. RESULTS We included 1008 patients from nine centres across eight countries (NASH 62.9%, advanced fibrosis 17.2%). Independent predictors of NASH were body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 , diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, alanine aminotransferase ≥88 U/L and aspartate aminotransferase ≥38 U/L, constituting the Asia Pacific NASH risk score. A high score has a positive predictive value of 80%-83% for NASH. Independent predictors of advanced fibrosis were age ≥55 years, diabetes mellitus and platelet count <150 × 109 /L, constituting the Asia-Pacific NAFLD advanced fibrosis risk score. A low score has a negative predictive value of 95%-96% for advanced fibrosis. Only 1.7% of patients were referred for structured lifestyle program, 4.2% were on vitamin E, and 2.4% were on pioglitazone. CONCLUSIONS More severe liver disease can be suspected or ruled out based on factors identified in this study. Utilisation of structured lifestyle program, vitamin E and pioglitazone was limited despite this being a cohort of biopsy-proven NAFLD patients with majority of patients having NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - K Imajo
- Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - A Nakajima
- Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Y Seki
- Yotsuya Medical Cube, Japan
| | | | - S Kakizaki
- Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - J-G Fan
- Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China
| | - M J Song
- The Catholic University Korea, Korea
| | - S K Yoon
- The Catholic University Korea, Korea
| | - Y-Y Dan
- National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - L Lesmana
- Medistra Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - K-Y Ho
- National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - K-L Goh
- University of Malaya, Malaysia
| | - V W-S Wong
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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122
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Lim HW, Bernstein DE. Risk Factors for the Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis, Including Genetics. Clin Liver Dis 2018; 22:39-57. [PMID: 29128060 DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is emerging as the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. This trend is, in part, secondary, to the growing incidence of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Other risk factors include age, gender, race/ethnicity, genetic predisposition, and polycystic ovarian disease. With the introduction of genome-wide association studies, genetic mutations contributing to inherited susceptibility to steatosis have been identified, which hold keys to future improvement in diagnosis and management. This article expands on the aforementioned risk factors and summarizes the current available data on genetic and environmental factors associated with this common entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Wen Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Northwell Health, 400 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - David E Bernstein
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwell Health, Center for Liver Diseases, 400 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.
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123
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Gong XW, Xu YJ, Yang QH, Liang YJ, Zhang YP, Wang GL, Li YY. Effect of Soothing Gan (Liver) and Invigorating Pi (Spleen) Recipes on TLR4-p38 MAPK Pathway in Kupffer Cells of Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis Rats. Chin J Integr Med 2018; 25:216-224. [PMID: 29335857 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-018-2829-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of inflflammatory-mediated toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) pathway in Kupffer cells (KCs) of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) rats and the intervention effect of soothing Gan (Liver) and invigorating Pi (Spleen) recipes on this pathway. METHODS After 1 week of acclimatization, 120 Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into 8 groups using a random number table (n=15 per group): normal group, model group, low-dose Chaihu Shugan Powder (, CHSG) group (3.2 g/kg), high-dose CHSG group (9.6 g/kg), low-dose Shenling Baizhu Powder (, SLBZ) group (10 g/kg), high-dose SLBZ (30 g/kg) group, and low- and highdose integrated recipe (L-IR, H-IR) groups. All rats in the model and treatment groups were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). The treatments were administrated by gastrogavage once daily and lasted for 26 weeks. The liver tissues were detected with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and oil red O staining. Levels of liver lipids, serum lipids and transaminases were measured. KCs were isolated from the livers of rats to evaluate the mRNA expressions of TLR4 and p38 MAPK by real-time flfluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and proteins expressions of TLR4, p-p38 MAPK and p38 MAPK by Western blot. Levels of inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6 in KCs were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS After 26 weeks of HFD feeding, HE and oil red O staining showed that the NASH model rats successfully reproduced typical pathogenesis and histopathological features. Compared with the normal group, the model group exhibited significant increases in body weight, liver weight, liver index, serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and aspartate aminotransferase as well as TC and TG levels in liver tissues, and significant decrease in serum level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Plt;0.05 or Plt;0.01), while those indices were significantly ameliorated in the H-IR group (Plt;0.05 or Plt;0.01). Higher levels of TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 in KCs were observed in the model group compared with the normal group (Plt;0.01). Significant decreases in TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 were observed in the H-SLBZ, H-IR and L-IR groups compared with the model group (Plt;0.05 or Plt;0.01). The mRNA expressions of TLR4 and p38 MAPK and protein expressions of TLR4, p38 MAPK and p-p38 MAPK in KCs in the model group were significantly higher than the normal group (Plt;0.01), while those expression levels in the L-IR and H-IR groups were significantly lower than the model group (Plt;0.05 or Plt;0.01). CONCLUSION Inflflammation in KCs might play an important role in the pathogenesis of NASH in rats. The data demonstrated the importance of TLR4-p38MAPK signaling pathway in KCs for the anti-inflflammatory effect of soothing Gan and invigorating Pi recipes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Wen Gong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yong-Jian Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qin-He Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Yin-Ji Liang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yu-Pei Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Guan-Long Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the leading cause of chronic liver disease all over the world, which places a crushing burden on public health. During the past three decades, steady progress has been made in the evolving concepts of NAFLD, novel diagnostic methods to stage liver steatosis and fibrosis progression, and new pharmacological approaches for disease treatment, which have contributed to a revolutionary success. However, effective preventive and therapeutic strategies are still urgently needed. A better understanding of the research history of NAFLD will be helpful for its scientific prevention and treatment. In this review, we will discuss the progress in the understanding of the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and pathogenesis of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Zhao Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bi-Hui Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
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Zou Y, Li X, Wang C, Wang J, Wang F, Ma L, You W, Li C. Association between non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and peripheral artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. Intern Med J 2017; 47:1147-1153. [PMID: 28696562 DOI: 10.1111/imj.13549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaowu Zou
- Gout Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University Qingdao China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Heze Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Heze China
| | - Xinde Li
- The Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Can Wang
- Gout Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Jing Wang
- The Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Fei Wang
- The Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Lidan Ma
- The Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Wenjun You
- Jining First People's Hospital Jining China
| | - Changgui Li
- Gout Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University Qingdao China
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Abstract
Traditionally, obesity and its related diseases have been considered a problem in Western countries. However, in the past two decades, urbanisation in many Asian countries has led to a sedentary lifestyle and overnutrition, setting the stage for the epidemic of obesity. This article reviews the epidemiological trend of obesity in Asia, with special emphasis on the emerging condition of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Currently, the population prevalence of NAFLD in Asia is around 25%, like many Western countries. While hepatocellular carcinoma and end-stage liver disease secondary to NAFLD remain uncommon, a rising trend has emerged. Around 8-19% of Asians with body mass indexes less than 25kg/m2 are also found to have NAFLD, a condition often described as "lean" or "non-obese" NAFLD. Although this condition is generally less severe than that in more obese patients, steatohepatitis and fibrotic disease are well recognized. Central adiposity, insulin resistance and weight gain are major risk factors, and genetic predisposition, such as the PNPLA3 polymorphism appears to be more important in the development of NAFLD in the non-obese population. Lifestyle modification remains the cornerstone of management for obesity and NAFLD, but few patients can achieve adequate weight reduction and even fewer can maintain the weight in the long run. While pharmacological agents have entered phase III development for steatohepatitis, Asian patients are under-represented in most drug trials. Future studies should define the optimal management of obesity and NAFLD in Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Gao Fan
- Center for Fatty Liver, Department of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Seung-Up Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Vincent Wai-Sun Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Wang C, Batey R, Yamahara J, Li Y. Multiple molecular targets in the liver, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in ginger-elicited amelioration of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Coronary Artery Calcification in a Northern Chinese Population: a Cross Sectional Study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9933. [PMID: 28855585 PMCID: PMC5577292 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09851-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become an emerging health issue with a high prevalence in general population. The cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the association between NAFLD and coronary artery calcification (CAC) in individuals from northern city of China. A total of 2345 participants aged ≥40 (1035 men and 1310 women) were selected from the Jidong community of Tangshan city. Liver ultrasonography was used to the diagnosis of NAFLD. A 64-slice CT scanner was used to determine coronary artery calcification score (CACS), with CACS > 0 defined to be the presence of CAC. The risk level of coronary heart disease (CHD) was graded by CACS according to the 4 commonly used thresholds in clinical practice (0, 10, 100, and 400 Agatston units). NAFLD was significantly associated with CAC (crude OR: 1.631, 95% CI: 1.295–2.053, adjusted OR: 1.348, 95% CI: 1.030–1.765). The association between NAFLD and increased risk level of CHD (Crude OR: 1.639 95% CI: 1.303–2.063; adjusted OR: 1.359 95% CI: 1.043–1.770) was observed. The associations between NAFLD and CAC or increased risk level of CHD were significant in female but not in male. Our finding further confirmed the association between NAFLD and CAC, especially in Asian population.
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Dai H, Wang W, Chen R, Chen Z, Lu Y, Yuan H. Lipid accumulation product is a powerful tool to predict non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese adults. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2017; 14:49. [PMID: 28775758 PMCID: PMC5539973 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-017-0206-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), recognized as the liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome, is highly prevalent in the general population. Recent studies suggest that lipid accumulation product is significantly associated with metabolic abnormalities. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of lipid accumulation product (LAP) as an effective screening tool for diagnosing NAFLD in the general population. Methods A total of 40,459 subjects aged ≥18 years were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. LAP was calculated as [waist circumference (cm) – 65] × triglyceride concentration (mmol//L) in men and [waist circumference (cm) – 58] × triglyceride concentration (mmol/L) in women. Multiple logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed. Results According to multiple logistic regression analyses, LAP was significantly associated with a higher prevalence and severity of NAFLD in both men and women. When assessed using ROC curve analyses, LAP exhibited high diagnostic accuracy for identifying NAFLD, and the areas under the curves (AUC) in men and women were 0.843 (95% CI 0.837, 0.849) and 0.887 (95% CI 0.882, 0.892), respectively. After further analyzed in different age groups, the diagnostic accuracy of LAP was found to be significantly better in younger age groups (aged 18-34 for men; aged 18-34 and 35-44 years for women) for both sexes. Conclusions LAP is significantly associated with the presence and severity of NAFLD, and has a high diagnostic accuracy for identifying NAFLD in the general population. The diagnostic accuracy of LAP was especially high among younger age groups. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12986-017-0206-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijiang Dai
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tong-Zi-Po Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013 People's Republic of China.,Center of Health Management, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013 People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430022 People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifang Chen
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tong-Zi-Po Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiheng Chen
- Center of Health Management, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013 People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Lu
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tong-Zi-Po Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013 People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yuan
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tong-Zi-Po Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013 People's Republic of China
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Liu M, Wang J, Zeng J, Cao X, He Y. Association of NAFLD With Diabetes and the Impact of BMI Changes: A 5-Year Cohort Study Based on 18,507 Elderly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017; 102:1309-1316. [PMID: 28324002 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-3440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Previous studies about the relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes are limited by inconsistent conclusions, mainly being cross-sectional and having a small sample size, no elderly people, or a lack of prediabetes. OBJECTIVE This study sought to examine the relationship between NAFLD and diabetes and prediabetes in a large cohort based on Chinese male elderly. DESIGN This was a retrospective cohort study that was followed up for ∼5 years. SETTING This study was conducted in Beijing, China. PARTICIPANTS Chinese male elderly (n = 18,507). Participants with diabetes/prediabetes at baseline were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Ultrasound was used for diagnosis of NAFLD. RESULTS Mean age of the 18,507 participants was 71.38 ± 14.15 years. The prevalence of NAFLD was 18.77% (3474/18,503), and participants with NAFLD had higher body mass index (BMI), blood pressure levels, blood lipid levels, and also higher alanine aminotransferase levels (P < 0.001). The total 5-year incidence was 2.448% for diabetes and 10.628% for prediabetes. Participants with NAFLD at baseline had a higher incidence of both diabetes and prediabetes. The adjusted relative risks (RRs) were 1.672 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.361 to 2.052] and 1.336 (95% CI, 1.205 to 1.481). The RRs were closely related to BMI changes. The adjusted RRs for diabetes according to three BMI change groups (<-1.00 kg/m2, -1.00 to 1.00 kg/m2, >1.00 kg/m2) were 1.599 (95% CI, 1.054 to 2.426), 1.640 (95% CI, 1.241 to 2.167), and 1.918 (95% CI, 1.239 to 2.969), respectively. Similar results were obtained when prediabetes was used as the dependent variable. CONCLUSIONS There was a strong and independent association between NAFLD and both diabetes and prediabetes among Chinese male elderly, and this relationship was closely related to BMI changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics and
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics and
| | - Jing Zeng
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics and
| | - Xiutang Cao
- Department of Health and Economics, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yao He
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics and
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Lombardi R, Onali S, Thorburn D, Davidson BR, Gurusamy KS, Tsochatzis E. Pharmacological interventions for non-alcohol related fatty liver disease (NAFLD): an attempted network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017; 3:CD011640. [PMID: 28358980 PMCID: PMC6464620 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011640.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcohol related fatty liver disease (commonly called non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)) is liver steatosis in the absence of significant alcohol consumption, use of hepatotoxic medication, or other disorders affecting the liver such as hepatitis C virus infection, Wilson's disease, and starvation. NAFLD embraces the full spectrum of disease from pure steatosis (i.e. uncomplicated fatty liver) to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), via NASH-cirrhosis to cirrhosis. The optimal pharmacological treatment for people with NAFLD remains uncertain. OBJECTIVES To assess the comparative benefits and harms of different pharmacological interventions in the treatment of NAFLD through a network meta-analysis and to generate rankings of the available pharmacological treatments according to their safety and efficacy. However, it was not possible to assess whether the potential effect modifiers were similar across different comparisons. Therefore, we did not perform the network meta-analysis, and instead, assessed the comparative benefits and harms of different interventions using standard Cochrane methodology. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, Science Citation Index Expanded, the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and ClinicalTrials.com to August 2016. SELECTION CRITERIA We included only randomised clinical trials (irrespective of language, blinding, or publication status) in participants with NAFLD. We excluded trials which included participants who had previously undergone liver transplantation. We considered any of the various pharmacological interventions compared with each other or with placebo or no intervention. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We calculated the odds ratio (OR) and rate ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using both fixed-effect and random-effects models based on an available participant analysis with Review Manager. We assessed risk of bias according to the Cochrane risk of bias tool, controlled risk of random errors with Trial Sequential Analysis, and assessed the quality of the evidence using GRADE. MAIN RESULTS We identified 77 trials including 6287 participants that met the inclusion criteria of this review. Forty-one trials (3829 participants) provided information for one or more outcomes. Only one trial was at low risk of bias in all domains. All other trials were at high risk of bias in one or more domains. Overall, all the evidence was very low quality. Thirty-five trials included only participants with non-alcohol related steatohepatitis (NASH) (based on biopsy confirmation). Five trials included only participants with diabetes mellitus; 14 trials included only participants without diabetes mellitus. The follow-up in the trials ranged from one month to 24 months.We present here only the comparisons of active intervention versus no intervention in which two or more trials reported at least one of the following outcomes: mortality at maximal follow-up, serious adverse events, and health-related quality of life, the outcomes that determine whether a treatment should be used. Antioxidants versus no interventionThere was no mortality in either group (87 participants; 1 trial; very low quality evidence). None of the participants developed serious adverse events in the trial which reported the proportion of people with serious adverse events (87 participants; 1 trial; very low quality evidence). There was no evidence of difference in the number of serious adverse events between antioxidants and no intervention (rate ratio 0.89, 95% CI 0.36 to 2.19; 254 participants; 2 trials; very low quality evidence). None of the trials reported health-related quality of life. Bile acids versus no interventionThere was no evidence of difference in mortality at maximal follow-up (OR 5.11, 95% CI 0.24 to 107.34; 659 participants; 4 trials; very low quality evidence), proportion of people with serious adverse events (OR 1.56, 95% CI 0.84 to 2.88; 404 participants; 3 trials; very low quality evidence), or the number of serious adverse events (rate ratio 1.01, 95% CI 0.66 to 1.54; 404 participants; 3 trials; very low quality evidence) between bile acids and no intervention. None of the trials reported health-related quality of life. Thiazolidinediones versus no interventionThere was no mortality in either group (74 participants; 1 trial; very low quality evidence). None of the participants developed serious adverse events in the two trials which reported the proportion of people with serious adverse events (194 participants; 2 trials; very low quality evidence). There was no evidence of difference in the number of serious adverse events between thiazolidinediones and no intervention (rate ratio 0.25, 95% CI 0.06 to 1.05; 357 participants; 3 trials; very low quality evidence). None of the trials reported health-related quality of life. Source of fundingTwenty-six trials were partially- or fully-funded by pharmaceutical companies that would benefit, based on the results of the trial. Twelve trials did not receive any additional funding or were funded by parties with no vested interest in the results. The source of funding was not provided in 39 trials. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Due to the very low quality evidence, we are very uncertain about the effectiveness of pharmacological treatments for people with NAFLD including those with steatohepatitis. Further well-designed randomised clinical trials with sufficiently large sample sizes are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Lombardi
- Royal Free Hospital and the UCL Institute of Liver and Digestive HealthSheila Sherlock Liver CentreLondonUKNW3 2QG
| | - Simona Onali
- Royal Free Hospital and the UCL Institute of Liver and Digestive HealthSheila Sherlock Liver CentreLondonUKNW3 2QG
| | - Douglas Thorburn
- Royal Free Hospital and the UCL Institute of Liver and Digestive HealthSheila Sherlock Liver CentreLondonUKNW3 2QG
| | - Brian R Davidson
- Royal Free Campus, UCL Medical SchoolDepartment of SurgeryPond StreetLondonUKNW3 2QG
| | | | - Emmanuel Tsochatzis
- Royal Free Hospital and the UCL Institute of Liver and Digestive HealthSheila Sherlock Liver CentreLondonUKNW3 2QG
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Li Y, Wang J, Tang Y, Han X, Liu B, Hu H, Li X, Yang K, Yuan J, Miao X, Yao P, Wei S, Wang Y, Liang Y, Zhang X, Guo H, Pan A, Yang H, Hu FB, Wu T, He M. Bidirectional association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes in Chinese population: Evidence from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174291. [PMID: 28350839 PMCID: PMC5369778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study is to examine the bidirectional association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods The data was derived from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort study, which was established in 2008 and followed until October 2013. NAFLD was classified as none, mild, moderate/severe based on ultrasound examination. The analysis to examine the association between NAFLD and incident T2DM risk included 18,111 participants free of diabetes at baseline and the duration of follow-up was 4.60 ± 0.60 years. Cox proportional regression model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) for the association. The analysis to investigate the association between T2DM and incident NAFLD risk included 12,435 participants free of NAFLD at baseline. Logistic regression model was used to calculate the odd ratio (OR) of NAFLD. Results Compared with those without NAFLD, individuals with mild or moderate/severe NAFLD had a monotonic elevated risk of developing T2DM (HR: 1.88 [95% CI: 1.63–2.18] and 2.34 [1.85–2.96], respectively) after adjustment for potential confounders. In a parallel analysis, compared to participants with fasting plasma glucose < 6.1 mmol/L, the ORs of developing NAFLD in subjects with impaired fasting glucose and T2DM were 1.35 (95% CI: 1.16–1.57) and 1.40 (95% CI: 1.22–1.62), respectively. Conclusions Our results provide compelling evidence that the NAFLD-T2DM association is bidirectional in Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuhan Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hua Hu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiulou Li
- Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoping Miao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Yao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Sheng Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Youjie Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - An Pan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Handong Yang
- Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail:
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Wang HL, Zhang H, Wu SL, Liao GC, Fang AP, Zhu MF, Zhu HL. Red blood cell count has an independent contribution to the prediction of ultrasonography-diagnosed fatty liver disease. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172027. [PMID: 28187211 PMCID: PMC5302451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Red blood cell (RBC) indices have been demonstrated to be associated with fatty liver disease (FLD) and metabolic syndrome. However, controversy exists regarding the relationship of RBC indices with FLD to date and few has focused on RBC count. This study aimed to explore the association between RBC count and risk of FLD in Southern Chinese adults. METHODS A hospital-based cross-sectional study was performed in two hospital health examination centers, including information on ultrasonography-diagnosed FLD, anthropometric indices and biochemical measurements. Covariance analysis was used to evaluate group differences. After quintile classification of RBC counts, logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the odds ratios (ORs) of FLD. RESULTS This study consisted of 8618 subjects (4137 men and 4481 women) aged between 20 and 89 years. FLD cases had higher RBC counts than non-FLD cases in both genders (P<0.001). The prevalence rates of FLD increased with the RBC quintiles in both genders (all P trend<0.001), and were higher in men than women. Binary logistic regression analysis showed positive association between RBC count and FLD, and the OR (95% confidence interval (CI)) were 2.56 (2.06-3.18) in men and 3.69 (2.74-4.98) in women, respectively, when comparing Q5 with Q1. Stratified analyses showed similar trends among subjects with and without FLD risk factors. Gender independent results were similar to gender dependent results. CONCLUSIONS Elevated RBC count is independently associated with high risk of FLD, suggesting that the RBC count may be a potential risk predictor for FLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-lin Wang
- Faculty of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Health Examination Centre, Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Shang-ling Wu
- Faculty of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Gong-cheng Liao
- Faculty of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Ai-ping Fang
- Faculty of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming-fan Zhu
- Health Examination Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui-lian Zhu
- Faculty of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, The People’s Republic of China
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Steatosis induced CCL5 contributes to early-stage liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progress. Transl Res 2017; 180:103-117.e4. [PMID: 27639593 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The rapidly increasing prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the major public health threats in China and worldwide. However, during the development of NAFLD, the key mechanism underlying the progression of related fibrosis remains unclear, which greatly impedes the development of optimal NAFLD therapy. In the current study, we were endeavored to characterize a proinflammatory cytokine, CCL5, as a major contributor for fibrosis in NAFLD. The results showed that CCL5 was highly expressed in fatty liver and NASH patients. In NAFLD rats induced by 8-week-HFD, CCL5 and its receptor, CCR5, were significantly up-regulated and liver fibrosis exclusively occurred in this group. In addition, we showed that hepatocytes are the major source contributing to this CCL5 elevation. Interestingly, a CCL5 inhibitor Met-CCL5, significantly decreased liver fibrosis but not hepatic steatosis. Using a cell model of hepatic steatosis, we found that the conditioned medium of lipid-overloaded hepatocytes (Fa2N-4 cells) which produced excessive CCL5 stimulated the profibrotic activities of hepatic stellate cells (LX-2) as manifested by increased migration rate, proliferation and collagen production of LX-2 cells. CCL5 knockdown in Fa2N-4 cells, Met-CCL5 or CCR5 antibody treatment on LX-2 cells all significantly inhibited the conditioned medium of FFA-treated Fa2N-4 cells to exert stimulatory effects on LX-2 cells. Consistently, the conditioned medium of Fa2N-4 cells with CCL5 over-expression significantly enhanced migration rate, cell proliferation and collagen production of LX-2 cells. All these results support that CCL5 produced by steatotic hepatocytes plays an essential role in fibrotic signaling machinery of NAFLD. In addition, we were able to identify C/EBP-β as the up-stream regulator of CCL5 gene transcription in hepatocytes treated with free fatty acid (FFA). Our data strongly supported that CCL5 plays a pivotal regulatory role in hepatic fibrosis during NAFLD, which constitutes a novel and exciting observation that may call for potential future development of specific CCL5-targeted NAFLD therapy.
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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Asia: emerging perspectives. J Gastroenterol 2017; 52:164-174. [PMID: 27637587 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-016-1264-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As in the West, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the commonest chronic liver disease in Asia, with a prevalence higher than 40 % in some countries. The risk factors for NAFLD development are similar to those in Western countries, including increased body mass index, diabetes, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. NAFLD in Asians is associated with different extrahepatic manifestations involving the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and renal systems. A considerable proportion of Asians with NAFLD are described as having "lean" NAFLD. Present in approximately 20 % of the Asian population, lean NAFLD is closely linked with insulin resistance, diabetes, and other metabolic complications, but its association with disease progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis remains to be defined. There is emerging evidence of the interactions of NAFLD with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection in Asia. Unlike in Western countries, NAFLD constitutes only a minority of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma cases in Asia. Possible explanations are the lower prevalence of obesity and the overwhelming problem of viral hepatitis in Asia. With aging of the obesity cohort in Asia, NAFLD-related liver complications are expected to increase.
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Six-year changes in the prevalence of obesity and obesity-related diseases in Northeastern China from 2007 to 2013. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41518. [PMID: 28128316 PMCID: PMC5269745 DOI: 10.1038/srep41518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and obesity-related diseases are important public health challenges. In this study, we aimed to provide updated trends in the prevalence of these conditions. We conducted two independent cross-sectional surveys of the general population aged 20–75 years in 2007 and 2013 in Jilin, China. A total of 3636 (1719 males) and 1359 (602 males) participants were enrolled in the 2007 and 2013 surveys, respectively. Obesity-related diseases were defined as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The age-standardized prevalence of obesity, overweight, diabetes, pre-diabetes, dyslipidemia and NAFLD increased from 2007 to 2013 from 15.82% to 19.41%, 35.85% to 41.80%, 6.37% to 9.23%, 16.77% to 23.49%., 53.46% to 65.50%, and 23.48% to 44.31% in males, respectively, and from 13.18% to 18.77%, 31.11% to 37.54%, 4.41% to 8.48%, 8.10% to 16.49%, 41.96% to 54.70%, and 17.56% to 43.06% in females, respectively. However, the prevalence of hypertension remained stable (males: 38.10% vs. 38.63% and females: 33.04% vs. 33.01% in 2007 and 2013, respectively). The prevalence of obesity and obesity-related diseases, except for hypertension, increased significantly in the general population in Northeastern China. More targeted measures should be implemented to address the serious challenges presented by these diseases.
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137
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Ameliorative effects of Compound K and ginsenoside Rh1 on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41144. [PMID: 28106137 PMCID: PMC5247696 DOI: 10.1038/srep41144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease, which has no standard treatment available. Panax notoginseng saponines (PNS) have recently been reported to protect liver against hepatocyte injury induced by ethanol or high fat diet (HFD) in rats. Compound K and ginsenoside Rh1 are the main metabolites of PNS. In this study, we evaluated the effects of CK and Rh1 on NAFLD. Rats fed HFD showed significant elevations in liver function markers, lipids, glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance. Treatment with CK or Rh1 either alone or in combination dramatically ameliorated the liver function impairment induced by HFD. Histologically, CK and Rh1 significantly reversed HFD-induced hepatocyte injury and liver fibrosis. In vitro experiments demonstrated that treatment with CK or Rh1 alone or in combination markedly induced cell apoptosis, and inhibited cell proliferation and activation in HSC-T6 cells. Additionally, CK and Rh1, either alone or in combination, also repressed the expression of fibrotic factors TIMP-1, PC-I, and PC-III. Taken together, our results demonstrate that CK and Rh1 have positive effects on NAFLD via the anti-fibrotic and hepatoprotective activity.
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Zhang R, Cheng K, Xu S, Li S, Zhou Y, Zhou S, Kong R, Li L, Li J, Feng J, Wu L, Liu T, Xia Y, Lu J, Guo C, Zhou Y. Metformin and Diammonium Glycyrrhizinate Enteric-Coated Capsule versus Metformin Alone versus Diammonium Glycyrrhizinate Enteric-Coated Capsule Alone in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2017; 2017:8491742. [PMID: 28133479 PMCID: PMC5241454 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8491742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective. The present study was conducted to compare the efficacy of metformin combined with diammonium glycyrrhizinate enteric-coated capsule (DGEC) versus metformin alone versus DGEC alone for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Subjects and Methods. 163 patients with NAFLD and T2DM were enrolled in this 24-week study and were randomized to one of three groups: group 1 was treated with metformin alone; group 2 was treated with DGEC alone; group 3 received metformin plus DGEC combination therapy. Anthropometric parameters, liver function, lipid profile, serum ferritin (SF), metabolic parameters, liver/spleen computed tomography (CT) ratio, and fibroscan value were evaluated at baseline and after 8, 16, and 24 weeks of treatment. Results. After 24 weeks, significant improvements in all measured parameters were observed in three groups (P < 0.05) except for the improvements in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and metabolic parameters in group 2 which did not reach statistical significance (P > 0.05). Compared with group 1 and group 2, the patients in group 3 had greater reductions in observed parameters apart from CB and TB (P < 0.05). Conclusions. This study showed that metformin plus DGEC was more effective than metformin alone or DGEC alone in reducing liver enzymes, lipid levels, and metabolic parameters and ameliorating the degree of hepatic fibrosis in patients with NAFLD and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Keran Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
- The School of Medicine of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Shizan Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Sainan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yuqing Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
- The School of Medicine of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Shunfeng Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
- The School of Medicine of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Rui Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
- The School of Medicine of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Linqiang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
- The School of Medicine of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jiao Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Liwei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yujing Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yingqun Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
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Yan J, Hou C, Liang Y. The prevalence and risk factors of young male schizophrenics with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2017; 13:1493-1498. [PMID: 28652750 PMCID: PMC5476761 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s137183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we compared the prevalence rate of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) between young males with schizophrenia and the general young males as the control group, and we also investigated the risk factors of NAFLD in young males with schizophrenia. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a large cross-sectional study consisting of the study group and parallel control group. The study group comprises 202 cases of young males with schizophrenia recruited from Liaoning province Demobilized Soldiers Kangning Hospital, and 149 healthy young males were recruited as the control group. The clinical evaluation included Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), basic information, disease-related information, and physical examination information. The laboratory tests included fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The physical examination included liver ultrasonography. RESULTS No statistical difference was observed between the study and control groups regarding age (30.5±3.9 vs 30.7±3.6), body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, fasting glucose level, and total cholesterol. NAFLD was observed in both the study and control groups. The prevalence of NAFLD was 49.5% (100/202) in the study group, and 20.1% (30/149) in the control group. The study group was further divided into NAFLD group and non-NAFLD group. There were significant differences in medication combination, drug dosage, negative factor score in PANSS (14.1±4.0 vs 12.7±4.5), BMI, fasting glucose level, total cholesterol, triglyceride, ALT, and AST between NAFLD group and non-NAFLD group. According to the results of the multiple-factor analysis, the onset of NAFLD among young males with schizophrenia was significantly correlated with the following factors: triglyceride, BMI, medication combination, drug dosage, and negative factor score in PANSS. CONCLUSION The prevalence of NAFLD in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group. Multivariate analysis indicated that, triglyceride, BMI, medication combination, drug dosage, and negative factor score in PANSS were significantly related to NAFLD in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengye Hou
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Liaoning Province Demobilized Soldiers Kangning Hospital, Huludao, China
| | - Ying Liang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Association between homocysteine and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study. Nutr J 2016; 15:102. [PMID: 27955646 PMCID: PMC5153832 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-016-0221-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide, and its prevalence is likely to rise even further. To help understand the pathogenesis and early prevention of progressive NAFLD, this large-scale study was designed to explore the potential association between homocysteine and the prevalence of NAFLD. Methods A total of 7203 subjects aged 18 years or older were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The association of homocysteine with the prevalence of NAFLD, in the total sample and stratified by subgroups, was examined using multiple logistic regression analyses. Results Subjects in the higher quartiles of homocysteine had a higher prevalence of NAFLD. After multivariate adjustment, the odds ratio (OR) for NAFLD in the highest compared with the lowest quartile of homocysteine was 2.08 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.61, 2.67). Moreover, in the subgroup analyses, we found an effect modification by gender, body mass index (BMI) and smoking status on the association between homocysteine and the prevalence of NAFLD (P for interaction: 0.001, 0.002 and <0.001, respectively). A stronger association was observed in female, obese and non-smoking adults than in male, normal weight and smoking subjects. Conclusion Homocysteine was significantly associated with the prevalence of NAFLD, particularly in female, obese or non-smoking adults.
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A retrospective study of pyogenic liver abscess focusing on Klebsiella pneumoniae as a primary pathogen in China from 1994 to 2015. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38587. [PMID: 27929082 PMCID: PMC5144064 DOI: 10.1038/srep38587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a common intra-abdominal infection in adults. In this study, we aim to explore demographic and clinical characteristics of PLA focusing on Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) induced PLA (KP-PLA) in mainland China. A retrospective review of medical records from all patients with KP-PLA admitted to a tertiary teaching hospital over a 21-year period (1994–2015) was performed. Among 296 PLA cases with confirmed culture-positive data, K. pneumoniae was revealed as the predominant pathogen (n = 189, 63.9%), followed by Escherichia coli (n = 39, 13.2%). Strikingly, KP-PLA patients had a higher incidence of metabolic disorders, such as diabetes mellitus (49.7% vs. 36.4%, P = 0.027; odds ratio (OR): 1.725; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.061–2.805), hypertension (38.1% vs. 19.6%, P = 0.001; OR: 2.520; 95% CI: 1.439–4.413), and fatty liver (32.3% vs. 14.0%, P = 0.001; OR: 2.923; 95% CI: 1.564–5.462) than those with non-K. pneumoniae induced PLA (non-KP-PLA). Moreover, patients with KP-PLA had higher susceptibility to septic metastatic infection at distant sites compared to those with non-KP-PLA (10.6% vs. 3.7%, p = 0.038). Our results indicate that K. pneumoniae is the predominant pathogen of PLA in mainland China. KP-PLA is frequently diagnosed in patients with metabolic diseases and has a higher risk for septic metastatic infection.
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Meng G, Liu F, Fang L, Li C, Zhang Q, Liu L, Wu H, Du H, Shi H, Xia Y, Guo X, Liu X, Bao X, Su Q, Gu Y, Yu F, Yang H, Yu B, Sun S, Wang X, Zhou M, Jia Q, Guo Q, Chen X, Song K, Wang G, Huang G, Niu K. The overall computer/mobile devices usage time is related to newly diagnosed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based study. Ann Med 2016; 48:568-576. [PMID: 27649339 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2016.1219454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The computer/mobile devices usage time (CMD-UT) is closely related to a sedentary lifestyle, which is an important risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). But their direct relationship remains unclear. AIMS We aimed to examine the relationship between CMD-UT and newly diagnosed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Chinese adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 7516 adults in Tianjin, China. The CMD-UT was collected via a questionnaire included five categories. NAFLD [with normal or elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) levels] was diagnosed by at least twice liver ultrasonography examinations and serum ALT concentrations (>41 U/L in males and >33 U/L in females). RESULTS The prevalence of overall NAFLD, NAFLD with normal or elevated ALT levels was 18.2, 14.2, and 4.0%, respectively. After adjustments for potential confounding factors, the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of having overall NAFLD by increasing CMD-UT levels were 1.00 for <1 h/d, 1.58 (1.22-2.05) for 1-3 h/d, 1.58 (1.18-2.11) for 3-5 h/d, 1.65 (1.21-2.27) for 5-10 h/d, and 1.99 (1.29-3.05) for ≥10h/d (P-trend for CMD-UT levels = 0.02), respectively. Similar relations were observed with the use of NAFLD with normal or elevated ALT levels. CONCLUSIONS The present study is the first to find that CMD-UT levels are independently associated with NAFLD. Key Messages The computer/mobile devices usage time levels are independently associated with the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Meng
- a Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- a Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Liyun Fang
- a Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Chunlei Li
- a Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Qing Zhang
- b Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin , China
| | - Li Liu
- b Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin , China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- a Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China.,d Collaborative Innovation Center of Non-communicable Disease , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Huanmin Du
- a Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Hongbin Shi
- b Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin , China
| | - Yang Xia
- a Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China.,d Collaborative Innovation Center of Non-communicable Disease , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- a Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Xing Liu
- a Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Xue Bao
- a Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China.,d Collaborative Innovation Center of Non-communicable Disease , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Qian Su
- a Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Yeqing Gu
- a Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Fei Yu
- a Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Huijun Yang
- a Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Bin Yu
- a Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Shaomei Sun
- b Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin , China
| | - Xing Wang
- b Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin , China
| | - Ming Zhou
- b Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin , China
| | - Qiyu Jia
- b Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin , China
| | - Qi Guo
- c Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Xin Chen
- a Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Kun Song
- b Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin , China
| | - Guolin Wang
- b Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin , China
| | - Guowei Huang
- a Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Kaijun Niu
- a Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China.,b Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin , China.,d Collaborative Innovation Center of Non-communicable Disease , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
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Xu ZJ, Shi JP, Yu DR, Zhu LJ, Jia JD, Fan JG. Evaluating the Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome and Liver Biopsy-Proven Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis in China: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study Design. Adv Ther 2016; 33:2069-2081. [PMID: 27743352 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-016-0416-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a serious form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that can progress to advanced fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Differentiating between non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and NASH/advanced fibrosis is an important step in the management of NAFLD. Metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components are important risk factors for NAFLD, and NASH is thought to be the hepatic injury of MS. The prevalence of NASH among NAFLD patients with MS is thought to be high. In China, NAFLD is a relatively new public health concern, and the current prevalence of NASH among Chinese liver biopsy-proven NAFLD patients with and without MS is not known. METHODS This multicenter, cross-sectional study will investigate the prevalence of NASH in approximately 480 Chinese NAFLD patients. Patients will be eligible for enrollment if they have biopsy-proven NAFLD and if their liver biopsies are available for rereading. For our analysis, patients will be stratified according to the presence/absence of MS, and the prevalence of NASH in the subgroups will be compared. Other possible tests that could indicate a risk of NASH, including transient elastography, ultrasonography, cytokeratin-18, liver function tests, and others, will be studied in an effort to derive a practical, noninvasive predictive model for NASH. DISCUSSION Patients with NAFL who have MS may also have a very high risk of developing NASH. The present study will inform about the risk of NASH in Chinese liver biopsy-proven NAFLD patients with and without MS. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study registered at http://www.chictr.org.cn (registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-16007902). FUNDING Sanofi (China) Investment Co., Ltd.
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Li C, Xing JJ, Shan AQ, Leng L, Liu JC, Yue S, Yu H, Chen X, Tian FS, Tang NJ. Increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with occupational stress in Chinese policemen: A 4-year cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5359. [PMID: 27861366 PMCID: PMC5120923 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and occupational stress have been recognized as major public health concerns. We aimed to explore whether occupational stress was associated with NAFLD in a police population.A total of 6559 male police officers were recruited for this prospective study in April 2007. Among them, 2367 eligible subjects participated in follow-up from 2008 to 2011. NAFLD was diagnosed based on standard criteria. Occupational stress was evaluated by Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised scores.The incidence of NAFLD was 31.2% in the entire police. After adjusting for traditional risk factors, moderate occupational stress (MOS), high occupational stress (HOS), and high personal strain (HPS) were risk factors (MOS: hazard ratio [HR] = 1.237, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.049-1.460; HOS: HR = 1.727, 95% CI = 1.405-2.124; HPS: HR = 3.602, 95% CI = 1.912-6.787); and low occupational stress (LOS) and low personal strain (LPS) were protective factors (LOS: HR = 0.366, 95% CI = 0.173-0.776; LPS: HR = 0.490, 95% CI = 0.262-0.919) for NAFLD in the entire police cohort. HOS and HPS remained robust among traffic police.HOS and HPS were independent predictors for the development of NAFLD in a Chinese police population. Additional future prospective investigations are warranted to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Jing-Jing Xing
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University
| | - An-Qi Shan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Ling Leng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Jin-Chuan Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Song Yue
- Department of Physical Examination, Medical Center of Police Hospital, Heping
| | - Hao Yu
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hedong
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Feng-Shi Tian
- Department of Physical Examination, Medical Center of Police Hospital, Heping
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tianjin 4th Center Hospital, Hebei, Tianjin, China
| | - Nai-Jun Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University
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145
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Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common liver disease worldwide. It is related with increased morbidity and mortality of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, its main health implications are increased risks of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular diseases and malignancies. This paper reviews the advances in research of NAFLD in terms of epidemiology, risk factors, assessment of disease progression and risks for combined cardiovascular diseases and/or T2D as well as management.
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146
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Meng G, Wu H, Fang L, Li C, Yu F, Zhang Q, Liu L, Du H, Shi H, Xia Y, Guo X, Liu X, Bao X, Su Q, Gu Y, Yang H, Bin Yu, Wu Y, Sun Z, Niu K. Relationship between grip strength and newly diagnosed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a large-scale adult population. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33255. [PMID: 27616599 PMCID: PMC5018968 DOI: 10.1038/srep33255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced muscle strength is often related to improved insulin sensitivity and secretion, control of lipid metabolism, and increased secretion of myokines. These factors have emerged as important mechanisms involved in the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), implying that muscle strength may be a useful predictor for NAFLD. We aimed to assess the relationship between grip strength (GS) and NAFLD in a large-scale adult population. GS was assessed using an electronic hand-grip dynamometer, and NAFLD was diagnosed by the liver ultrasonography. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between the quartiles of GS per body weight and the prevalence of NAFLD. After adjusting for potentially confounding factors, the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for overall NAFLD, NAFLD with normal alanine aminotransferase levels, and NAFLD with elevated alanine aminotransferase levels across the quartiles of GS were 1.00 (reference), 0.89 (0.78, 1.01), 0.77 (0.67, 0.89), and 0.67 (0.57, 0.79); 1.00 (reference), 0.91 (0.80, 1.04), 0.79 (0.68, 0.92), and 0.72 (0.61, 0.85); 1.00 (reference), 0.77 (0.61, 0.98), 0.67 (0.51, 0.86), and 0.53 (0.40, 0.71) (all P for trend < 0.01), respectively. This is the first study shows that increased GS is independently associated with lower prevalence of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Meng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Non-communicable Disease, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Non-communicable Disease, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liyun Fang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huanmin Du
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongbin Shi
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Non-communicable Disease, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Bao
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Non-communicable Disease, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Su
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yeqing Gu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huijun Yang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuntang Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhong Sun
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaijun Niu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Non-communicable Disease, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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147
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Liu C, Zhong R, Lou J, Pan A, Tang Y, Chang J, Ke J, Li J, Yuan J, Wang Y, Chen W, Guo H, Wei S, Liang Y, Zhang X, He M, Hu FB, Wu T, Yao P, Miao X. Nighttime sleep duration and risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: the Dongfeng-Tongji prospective study. Ann Med 2016; 48:468-476. [PMID: 27327959 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2016.1193787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the association between self-reported nighttime sleep duration and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) risk by comparing the incidence rates of NAFLD among healthy subjects with different sleep duration during the 5 years follow-up. METHODS 8965 eligible NAFLD-free subjects with a mean age of 61.6 years (males, 43.4%) from Dongfeng-Tongji cohort study at baseline were enrolled in the study. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between sleep duration and incident NAFLD with potential confounders adjusted. Sleep duration was categorized into five groups: <6 h, 6-7 h, 7-8 h, 8-9 h, ≥9 h. RESULT During the 5-years of follow-up, a total of 2,197 participants were newly diagnosed as NAFLD. Compared with those reported 7-8 h per day of nighttime sleep, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) were 1.21 (1.07-1.38) for those who sleep 8-9 h/day, and 1.31 (1.13-1.52) for those who sleep over 9 h/day. However, no significant association was found with short nightly sleep duration (<7 h/day). CONCLUSION Long nighttime sleep duration was associated with a modestly increased risk of NAFLD in a middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. Key messages Long nighttime sleep duration was associated with a modestly increased risk of NAFLD in a middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. The effect of long nighttime sleep on the risk of incident NAFLD was attenuated greatly by body mass index (BMI) in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- a Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Rong Zhong
- a Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Jiao Lou
- a Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - An Pan
- a Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Yuhan Tang
- b Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Jiang Chang
- c The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Juntao Ke
- a Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Jiaoyuan Li
- a Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Jing Yuan
- d Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Youjie Wang
- c The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Weihong Chen
- d Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Huan Guo
- d Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Sheng Wei
- a Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Yuan Liang
- c The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- d Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Meian He
- d Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Frank B Hu
- e Department of Nutrition and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston , USA
| | - Tangchun Wu
- d Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Ping Yao
- b Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Xiaoping Miao
- a Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, and the Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
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148
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Koh JC, Loo WM, Goh KL, Sugano K, Chan WK, Chiu WYP, Choi MG, Gonlachanvit S, Lee WJ, Lee WJJ, Lee YY, Lesmana LA, Li YM, Liu CJ, Matsuura B, Nakajima A, Ng EKW, Sollano JD, Wong SKH, Wong VWS, Yang Y, Ho KY, Dan YY. Asian consensus on the relationship between obesity and gastrointestinal and liver diseases. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016; 31:1405-13. [PMID: 27010240 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of obesity is increasing in Asia, with implications on gastrointestinal (GI) and liver diseases. The Gut and Obesity in Asia Workgroup comprises regional experts with the aim of studying relationship between obesity and the GI and liver diseases in Asia. Through literature review and the modified Delphi process, consensus statements examining the impact of obesity on esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, colorectal, and liver diseases, exploring relationship between gut microbiome and obesity, and assessing obesity therapies have been produced by the Gut and Obesity in Asia Workgroup. Sixteen experts participated with 9/15 statements having strong consensus (>80% agreement). The prevalence of obesity in Asia is increasing (100% percentage agreement in brackets), and this increased prevalence of obesity will result in a greater burden of obesity-related GI and liver diseases (93.8%). There was consensus that obesity increases the risk of gastric cancer (75%) and colorectal neoplasia (87.5%). Obesity was also associated with Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma (66.7%) and pancreatic cancer (66.7%) in Asia. The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Asia is on the rise (100%), and the risk of NAFLD in Asia (100%) is increased by obesity. Obesity is a risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (93.8%). Regarding therapy, it was agreed that bariatric surgery was an effective treatment modality for obesity (93.8%) but there was less agreement on its benefit for NAFLD (62.5%). These experts' consensus on obesity and GI diseases in Asia forms the basis for further research, and its translation into addressing this emerging issue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wai Mun Loo
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Khean Lee Goh
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Wah Kheong Chan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wai Yan Philip Chiu
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Myung-Gyu Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea
| | - Sutep Gonlachanvit
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wei-Jei Lee
- Department of Surgery, Min-Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | - Yeong Yeh Lee
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Laurentius A Lesmana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia - Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia
| | - You-Ming Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chun Jen Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Bunzo Matsuura
- Department of Lifestyle-Related Medicine and Endocrinology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Enders Kwok Wai Ng
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jose D Sollano
- Department of Medicine, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - Simon Kin Hung Wong
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Vincent W S Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yunsheng Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Khek Yu Ho
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yock Young Dan
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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149
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Younossi ZM, Koenig AB, Abdelatif D, Fazel Y, Henry L, Wymer M. Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-Meta-analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes. Hepatology 2016; 64:73-84. [PMID: 26707365 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6733] [Impact Index Per Article: 841.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of liver disease worldwide. We estimated the global prevalence, incidence, progression, and outcomes of NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). PubMed/MEDLINE were searched from 1989 to 2015 for terms involving epidemiology and progression of NAFLD. Exclusions included selected groups (studies that exclusively enrolled morbidly obese or diabetics or pediatric) and no data on alcohol consumption or other liver diseases. Incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cirrhosis, overall mortality, and liver-related mortality were determined. NASH required histological diagnosis. All studies were reviewed by three independent investigators. Analysis was stratified by region, diagnostic technique, biopsy indication, and study population. We used random-effects models to provide point estimates (95% confidence interval [CI]) of prevalence, incidence, mortality and incidence rate ratios, and metaregression with subgroup analysis to account for heterogeneity. Of 729 studies, 86 were included with a sample size of 8,515,431 from 22 countries. Global prevalence of NAFLD is 25.24% (95% CI: 22.10-28.65) with highest prevalence in the Middle East and South America and lowest in Africa. Metabolic comorbidities associated with NAFLD included obesity (51.34%; 95% CI: 41.38-61.20), type 2 diabetes (22.51%; 95% CI: 17.92-27.89), hyperlipidemia (69.16%; 95% CI: 49.91-83.46%), hypertension (39.34%; 95% CI: 33.15-45.88), and metabolic syndrome (42.54%; 95% CI: 30.06-56.05). Fibrosis progression proportion, and mean annual rate of progression in NASH were 40.76% (95% CI: 34.69-47.13) and 0.09 (95% CI: 0.06-0.12). HCC incidence among NAFLD patients was 0.44 per 1,000 person-years (range, 0.29-0.66). Liver-specific mortality and overall mortality among NAFLD and NASH were 0.77 per 1,000 (range, 0.33-1.77) and 11.77 per 1,000 person-years (range, 7.10-19.53) and 15.44 per 1,000 (range, 11.72-20.34) and 25.56 per 1,000 person-years (range, 6.29-103.80). Incidence risk ratios for liver-specific and overall mortality for NAFLD were 1.94 (range, 1.28-2.92) and 1.05 (range, 0.70-1.56). CONCLUSIONS As the global epidemic of obesity fuels metabolic conditions, the clinical and economic burden of NAFLD will become enormous. (Hepatology 2016;64:73-84).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zobair M Younossi
- Center For Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA.,Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA
| | - Aaron B Koenig
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA
| | - Dinan Abdelatif
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA
| | - Yousef Fazel
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA
| | - Linda Henry
- Center for Outcomes Research in Liver Disease, Washington, DC
| | - Mark Wymer
- Center For Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA.,Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA
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150
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Wang S, Zhang C, Zhang G, Yuan Z, Liu Y, Ding L, Sun X, Jia H, Xue F. Association between white blood cell count and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in urban Han Chinese: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e010342. [PMID: 27251683 PMCID: PMC4893843 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The white blood cell (WBC) count is a simple and convenient marker of inflammation for use in medical practice; however, its association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not been determined. We examined the relationship between WBC and NAFLD to provide a convenient and useful marker for the prediction of NAFLD. SETTING A longitudinal cohort participating in a large health check-up programme for the Chinese population was selected and followed up from 2005 to 2011. PARTICIPANTS A total of 21 307 male and female participants without NAFLD who underwent health check-ups at least twice between 2005 and 2011 were included in this study. 15 201 participants (7286 men and 7915 women) were eligible for inclusion. RESULTS The baseline distribution of age, WBC, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), serum total protein (TP), albumin (ALB) and globin (GLO) and the prevalence of males, hypertension, hyperglycaemia, smoking and regular exercise were significantly different between the incident NAFLD and non-NAFLD groups (p<0.05). Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to estimate the HRs and 95% CIs of WBC, which predicted the occurrence of NAFLD. Compared with the lowest WBC quartile (Q1), the HRs and 95% CIs of the other WBC quartiles (Q2, Q3 and Q4) for incident NAFLD were 1.090 (0.978 to 1.215), 1.174 (1.055 to 1.305) and 1.152 (1.035 to 1.281), respectively, after adjusting for age, gender, smoking, regular exercise, BMI, hypertension, hyperglycaemia, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, ALB and GLO. CONCLUSIONS Our study clearly showed that WBC count was a significant factor associated with incident NAFLD in Han Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukang Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chengqi Zhang
- Health Management Center, Shandong Provincial QianFoShan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Health Management Center, Shandong Provincial QianFoShan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongshang Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanxun Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lijie Ding
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiubin Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongying Jia
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fuzhong Xue
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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