101
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Li R, Yuan D, Ping M, Zhu Y, Ni S, Li M, Wen L, Zhang LB. Electrochemically-promoted synthesis of benzo[b]thiophene-1,1-dioxides via strained quaternary spirocyclization. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9940-9946. [PMID: 36199637 PMCID: PMC9431990 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01175a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We report an approach for the synthesis of benzothiophene motifs under electrochemical conditions by the reaction of sulfonhydrazides with internal alkynes. Upon the formation of a quaternary spirocyclization intermediate by the selective ipso-addition instead of an ortho-attack, the S-migration process was rationalized to lead to the products. Computational studies revealed the selectivity and the compatibility of drug molecules showcased the potential application of the protocols. We report an approach for the synthesis of benzothiophene motifs under electrochemical conditions by the reaction of sulfonhydrazides with internal alkynes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruitao Li
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Dafu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Mengqi Ping
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Yuyi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Shantou University Shantou Guangdong 515063 P. R. China
| | - Shaofei Ni
- Department of Chemistry, Shantou University Shantou Guangdong 515063 P. R. China
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Lirong Wen
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Lin-Bao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
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102
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Li X, Tao P, Cheng Y, Hu Q, Huang W, Li Y, Luo Z, Huang G. Recent Progress on the Electrochemical Difunctionalization of Alkenes/Alkynes. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202204066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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103
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Chen X, Luo X, Wang P. Electrochemical-induced Radical Allylation via the Fragmentation of Alkyl 1,4-Dihydropyridines. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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104
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Li C, Zhang Y, Sun W. Nickel-Catalyzed Paired Electrochemical Cross-Coupling of Aryl Halides with Nucleophiles. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1581-0934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractElectrochemistry has recently gained increased attention as a versatile strategy for achieving challenging transformations at the forefront of synthetic organic chemistry. However, most electrochemical transformations only employ one electrode (anodic oxidation or cathodic reduction) to afford the desired products, while the chemistry that occurs at the counter electrode yields stoichiometric waste. In contrast, paired electrochemical reactions can synchronously utilize the anodic and cathodic reactions to deliver the desired product, thus improving the atom economy and energy efficiency of the electrolytic process. This review gives an overview of recent advances in nickel-catalyzed paired electrochemical cross-coupling reactions of aryl/alkenyl halides with different nucleophiles.1 Introduction2 Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions2.1 C–C Bond Formation2.2 C–N Bond Formation2.3 C–S/O Bond Formation2.4 C–P Bond Formation3 Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University
- National Institute of Biological Sciences
| | - Yong Zhang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University
- National Institute of Biological Sciences
| | - Wenxuan Sun
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University
- National Institute of Biological Sciences
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105
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Chen X, Liu H, Gao H, Li P, Miao T, Li H. Electrochemical Regioselective Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of Indoles with Xanthenes. J Org Chem 2021; 87:1056-1064. [PMID: 34964353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical cross-dehydrogenative coupling of indoles with xanthenes has been established at room temperature. This coupling reaction could proceed in the absence of any catalyst or external oxidant, and generate the indole derivatives in moderate yields. Mechanistic experiments support that a radical pathway maybe involved in this reaction system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
| | - Hongqiang Liu
- China Synchem Technology Co., Ltd., Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P. R. China
| | - Hui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
| | - Tao Miao
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
| | - Hongji Li
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
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106
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Revisiting Thin-Layer Electrochemistry in a Chip-Type Cell for the Study of Electro-organic Reactions. Anal Chem 2021; 94:1248-1255. [PMID: 34964606 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It is important but challenging to elucidate the electrochemical reaction mechanisms of organic compounds using electroanalytical methods. Particularly, a rapid and straightforward method that provides information on reaction intermediates or other key electrochemical parameters may be useful. In this work, we exploited the advantages of classic thin-layer electrochemistry to develop a thin-layer electroanalysis microchip (TEAM). The TEAM provided better-resolved voltammetric peaks than under semi-infinite diffusion conditions owing to its small height. Importantly, rapid and accurate determination of the number of electrons transferred, n, was enabled by mechanically confining the microliter-scale volume analyte at the electrode, while securing ionic conduction using polyelectrolyte gels. The performance of the TEAM was validated using voltammetry and coulometry of standard redox couples. Utilizing the TEAM, a (spectro)electrochemical analysis of FM 1-43, an organic dye widely used in neuroscience, was successfully performed. Moreover, the TEAM was applied to study the electrochemical oxidation mechanism of pivanilides and alkyltrifluoroborate salts with different substituents and solvents. This work suggests that TEAM is a promising tool to provide invaluable mechanistic information and promote the rational design of electrosynthetic strategies.
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107
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Ma C, Fang P, Liu ZR, Xu SS, Xu K, Cheng X, Lei A, Xu HC, Zeng C, Mei TS. Recent advances in organic electrosynthesis employing transition metal complexes as electrocatalysts. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:2412-2429. [PMID: 36654127 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Organic electrosynthesis has been widely used as an environmentally conscious alternative to conventional methods for redox reactions because it utilizes electric current as a traceless redox agent instead of chemical redox agents. Indirect electrolysis employing a redox catalyst has received tremendous attention, since it provides various advantages compared to direct electrolysis. With indirect electrolysis, overpotential of electron transfer can be avoided, which is inherently milder, thus wide functional group tolerance can be achieved. Additionally, chemoselectivity, regioselectivity, and stereoselectivity can be tuned by the redox catalysts used in indirect electrolysis. Furthermore, electrode passivation can be avoided by preventing the formation of polymer films on the electrode surface. Common redox catalysts include N-oxyl radicals, hypervalent iodine species, halides, amines, benzoquinones (such as DDQ and tetrachlorobenzoquinone), and transition metals. In recent years, great progress has been made in the field of indirect organic electrosynthesis using transition metals as redox catalysts for reaction classes including C-H functionalization, radical cyclization, and cross-coupling of aryl halides-each owing to the diverse reactivity and accessible oxidation states of transition metals. Although various reviews of organic electrosynthesis are available, there is a lack of articles that focus on recent research progress in the area of indirect electrolysis using transition metals, which is the impetus for this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ping Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhao-Ran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shi-Shuo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Xu Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Hai-Chao Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Chengchu Zeng
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Tian-Sheng Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
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108
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Liu Y, Shi B, Liu Z, Gao R, Huang C, Alhumade H, Wang S, Qi X, Lei A. Time-Resolved EPR Revealed the Formation, Structure, and Reactivity of N -Centered Radicals in an Electrochemical C(sp 3)-H Arylation Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:20863-20872. [PMID: 34851107 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical synthesis has been rapidly developed over the past few years, while a vast majority of the reactions proceed through a radical pathway. Understanding the properties of radical intermediates is crucial in the mechanistic study of electrochemical transformations and will be beneficial for developing new reactions. Nevertheless, it is rather difficult to determine the "live" radical intermediates due to their high reactivity. In this work, the formation and structure of sulfonamide N-centered radicals have been researched directly by using the time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique under electrochemical conditions. Supported by the EPR results, the reactivity of N-centered radicals as a mediator in the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) approach has been discussed. Subsequently, these mechanistic study results have been successfully utilized in the discovery of an unactivated C(sp3)-H arylation reaction. The kinetic experiments have revealed the rate-determined step is the anodic oxidation of sulfonamides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichang Liu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Biyin Shi
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Liu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Renfei Gao
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Cunlong Huang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Hesham Alhumade
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Ststems, King Abdulzaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shengchun Wang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China.,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Abdulzaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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109
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Feng T, Wang S, Liu Y, Liu S, Qiu Y. Electrochemical Desaturative β-Acylation of Cyclic N-Aryl Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202115178. [PMID: 34878215 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we disclose a straightforward, robust, and simple route to access β-substituted desaturated cyclic amines via an electrochemically driven desaturative β-functionalization of cyclic amines. This transformation is based on multiple single-electron oxidation processes using catalytic amounts of ferrocene. The reaction proceeds in the absence of stoichiometric amounts of electrolyte under mild conditions, affording the desired products with high chemo- and regioselectivity. The reaction was tolerant of a broad range of substrates and also enables late-stage β-C(sp3 )-H acylation of potentially valuable products. Preliminary mechanistic studies using cyclic voltammetry reveal the key role of ferrocene as a redox mediator in the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Feng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Siyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yin Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shouzhuo Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Youai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
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110
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Saraswat A, Sharma A. Mini-review on the functionalization of C–H bond to C-X linkage via metalla-electrocatalyzed tool. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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111
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Liang K, Lu L, Liu X, Yang D, Wang S, Gao Y, Alhumade H, Yi H, Lei A. Electrochemical Cobalt-catalyzed Cyclotrimerization of Alkynes to 1,2,4-Substituted Arenes. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kailun Liang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Lijun Lu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Xing Liu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Dali Yang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Shengchun Wang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Yiming Gao
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Hesham Alhumade
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Ststems, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hong Yi
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Abdulaziz University. Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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112
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Krueger R, Moeller KD. Capitalizing on Mediated Electrolyses for the Construction of Complex, Addressable Molecular Surfaces. J Org Chem 2021; 86:15847-15865. [PMID: 34617752 PMCID: PMC8802379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic organic chemists are beginning to exploit electrochemical methods in increasingly creative ways. This is leading to a surge in productivity that is only now starting to take advantage of the full-potential of electrochemistry for accessing new structures in novel, more efficient ways. In this perspective, we provide insight into the potential of electrochemistry as a synthetic tool gained through studies of both direct anodic oxidation reactions and more recent indirect methods, and highlight how the development of new electrochemical methods can expand the nature of synthetic problems our community can tackle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Krueger
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Kevin D. Moeller
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130
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113
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Abstract
The first iron-catalyzed asymmetric azidation of benzylic peresters has been reported with trimethylsilyl azide (TMSN3) as the azido source. Hydrocarbon radicals that lack of strong interactions were capable to be enantioselectively azidated. The reaction features good functional group tolerance, high yields, and mild conditions. The chiral benzylic azides can further be used in click reaction, phosphoramidation, and reductive amination, which demonstrate the synthetic values of this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajun Li
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Daliang Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Bao
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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114
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Malapit CA, Prater MB, Cabrera-Pardo JR, Li M, Pham TD, McFadden TP, Blank S, Minteer SD. Advances on the Merger of Electrochemistry and Transition Metal Catalysis for Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2021; 122:3180-3218. [PMID: 34797053 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic organic electrosynthesis has grown in the past few decades by achieving many valuable transformations for synthetic chemists. Although electrocatalysis has been popular for improving selectivity and efficiency in a wide variety of energy-related applications, in the last two decades, there has been much interest in electrocatalysis to develop conceptually novel transformations, selective functionalization, and sustainable reactions. This review discusses recent advances in the combination of electrochemistry and homogeneous transition-metal catalysis for organic synthesis. The enabling transformations, synthetic applications, and mechanistic studies are presented alongside advantages as well as future directions to address the challenges of metal-catalyzed electrosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A Malapit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Matthew B Prater
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Jaime R Cabrera-Pardo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Min Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Tammy D Pham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Timothy Patrick McFadden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Skylar Blank
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Shelley D Minteer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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115
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Ye Z, Zhu R, Wang F, Jiang H, Zhang F. Electrochemical Difunctionalization of Styrenes via Chemoselective Oxo-Azidation or Oxo-Hydroxyphthalimidation. Org Lett 2021; 23:8240-8245. [PMID: 34697944 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Atom- and step-economic oxo-azidation and oxo-hydroxyphthalimidation of styrenes have been developed under mild electrolytic conditions, respectively. Various valuable alpha-azido or hydroxyphthalimide aromatic ketones were synthesized efficiently from readily available styrenes, azides, and N-hydroxyphthalimides. Mechanism studies show that two different pathways involved in these two transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghui Ye
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongjin Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Haobin Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengzhi Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
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116
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Kang JC, Li ZH, Chen C, Dong LK, Zhang SY. Paired Electrolysis Enabled Ni-Catalyzed Unconventional Cascade Reductive Thiolation Using Sulfinates. J Org Chem 2021; 86:15326-15334. [PMID: 34633802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we have reported a nickel-catalyzed cascade reductive thiolation of aryl halides with sulfinates driven by paired electrolysis. This protocol uses sulfinates as the sulfur source, and various thioethers could be synthesized under mild conditions. By mechanism exploration, we find that a cascade chemical step is allowed on the electrode interface and could alter the reaction pathway in paired electrolysis, whose findings could help the discovery of novel cascade reactions with unique reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Chen Kang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education & Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Hao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education & Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Chao Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education & Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Li-Kun Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education & Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Yu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education & Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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117
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Jiang YM, Yu Y, Wu SF, Yan H, Yuan Y, Ye KY. Electrochemical fluorosulfonylation of styrenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11481-11484. [PMID: 34667999 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04813a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An environmentally friendly and efficient electrochemical fluorosulfonylation of styrenes has been developed. With the use of sulfonylhydrazides and triethylamine trihydrofluoride, a diverse array of β-fluorosulfones could be readily obtained. This reaction features mild conditions and a broad substrate scope, which could also be conveniently extended to a gram-scale preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Shao-Fen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Hong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Yaofeng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Ke-Yin Ye
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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118
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Li Y, Wang H, Zhang H, Lei A. Electrochemical Dimethyl
Sulfide‐Mediated
Esterification of Amino Acids. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Huamin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Heng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang Jiangxi 330022 China
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119
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Ma C, Fang P, Liu D, Jiao KJ, Gao PS, Qiu H, Mei TS. Transition metal-catalyzed organic reactions in undivided electrochemical cells. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12866-12873. [PMID: 34745519 PMCID: PMC8514006 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04011a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed organic electrochemistry is a rapidly growing research area owing in part to the ability of metal catalysts to alter the selectivity of a given transformation. This conversion mainly focuses on transition metal-catalyzed anodic oxidation and cathodic reduction and great progress has been achieved in both areas. Typically, only one of the half-cell reactions is involved in the organic reaction while a sacrificial reaction occurs at the counter electrode, which is inherently wasteful since one electrode is not being used productively. Recently, transition metal-catalyzed paired electrolysis that makes use of both anodic oxidation and cathodic reduction has attracted much attention. This perspective highlights the recent progress of each type of electrochemical reaction and relatively focuses on the transition metal-catalyzed paired electrolysis, showcasing that electrochemical reactions involving transition metal catalysis have advantages over conventional reactions in terms of controlling the reaction activity and selectivity and figuring out that transition metal-catalyzed paired electrolysis is an important direction of organic electrochemistry in the future and offers numerous opportunities for new and improved organic reaction methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Ping Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Ke-Jin Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Pei-Sen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Hui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Tian-Sheng Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
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120
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Gurawa A, Kumar M, Kashyap S. Selective Azidooxygenation of Alkenes Enabled by Photo-induced Radical Transfer Using Aryl-λ 3-azidoiodane Species. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:26623-26639. [PMID: 34661016 PMCID: PMC8515593 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The photolytic radical-induced vicinal azidooxygenation of synthetically important and diverse functionalized substrates including unactivated alkenes is reported. The photoredox-catalyst/additive-free protocol enables intermolecular oxyazidation by simultaneously incorporating two new functionalities; C-O and C-N across the C=C double bond in a selective manner. Mechanistic investigations reveal the intermediacy of the azidyl radical facilitated via the photolysis of λ3-azidoiodane species and cascade proceeding to generate an active carbon-centered radical. The late-stage transformations of azido- and oxy-moieties were amply highlighted by assembling high-value drug analogs and bioactive skeletons.
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121
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Wang Y, Zhao J, Qiao T, Zhang J, Chen G. Tunable System for Electrochemical Reduction of Ketones and Phthalimides. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, College of Pharmacy Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Jianyou Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, College of Pharmacy Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Tianjiao Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, College of Pharmacy Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Gong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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122
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Wan JL, Cui JF, Zhong WQ, Huang JM. Iminyl-radicals by electrochemical decarboxylation of α-imino-oxy acids: construction of indole-fused polycyclics. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10242-10245. [PMID: 34528040 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03891e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Iminyl radicals are reactive intermediates that can be used for the construction of various valuable heterocycles. Herein, the electrochemical decarboxylation of α-imino-oxy acids for the generation of iminyl radicals has been accomplished under exogenous-oxidant- and metal-free conditions through the use of nBu4NBr as a mediator. The resulting iminyl radicals undergo intramolecular cyclization smoothly with the adjacent (hetero)arenes to afford a series of indole-fused polycyclic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Lin Wan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China.
| | - Jian-Feng Cui
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China.
| | - Wei-Qiang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China.
| | - Jing-Mei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China.
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123
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Ma X, Chiou MF, Ge L, Li X, Li Y, Wu L, Bao H. Iron phthalocyanine-catalyzed radical phosphinoylazidation of alkenes: A facile synthesis of β-azido-phosphine oxide with a fast azido transfer step. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)63847-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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124
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Zhang F, Wang Y, Wang Y, Pan Y. Electrochemical Deoxygenative Thiolation of Preactivated Alcohols and Ketones. Org Lett 2021; 23:7524-7528. [PMID: 34519513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This work describes an electrochemically promoted nickel-catalyzed deoxygenative thiolation of alcohols and ketones under mild conditions. Excellent substrate tolerance and good chemical yields can be achieved by graphene/nickel foam electrodes in an undivided cell. Further study to gain mechanistic insight into this electrochemical cross-coupling has been carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.,School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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125
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Bunescu A, Abdelhamid Y, Gaunt MJ. Multicomponent alkene azidoarylation by anion-mediated dual catalysis. Nature 2021; 598:597-603. [PMID: 34517408 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03980-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Molecules that contain the β-arylethylamine motif have applications in the modulation of pain, treatment of neurological disorders and management of opioid addiction, among others, making it a privileged scaffold in drug discovery1,2. De novo methods for their assembly are reliant on transformations that convert a small class of feedstocks into the target compounds via time-consuming multistep syntheses3-5. Synthetic invention can drive the investigation of the chemical space around this scaffold to further expand its capabilities in biology6-9. Here we report the development of a dual catalysis platform that enables a multicomponent coupling of alkenes, aryl electrophiles and a simple nitrogen nucleophile, providing single-step access to synthetically versatile and functionally diverse β-arylethylamines. Driven by visible light, two discrete copper catalysts orchestrate aryl-radical formation and azido-group transfer, which underpin an alkene azidoarylation process. The process shows broad scope in alkene and aryl components and an azide anion performs a multifaceted role both as a nitrogen source and in mediating the redox-neutral dual catalysis via inner-sphere electron transfer10,11. The synthetic capabilities of this anion-mediated alkene functionalization process are likely to be of use in a variety of pharmaceutically relevant and wider synthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala Bunescu
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yusra Abdelhamid
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew J Gaunt
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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126
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Thadathil DA, Varghese A, Radhakrishnan KV. The Renaissance of Electro‐Organic Synthesis for the Difunctionalization of Alkenes and Alkynes: A Sustainable Approach. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ditto Abraham Thadathil
- Department of Chemistry CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Hosur Road Bengaluru, Karnataka 560029 India
| | - Anitha Varghese
- Department of Chemistry CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Hosur Road Bengaluru, Karnataka 560029 India
| | - Kokkuvayil Vasu Radhakrishnan
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
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127
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Zheng L, Wang Z, Li C, Wu Y, Liu Z, Ning Y. The azidosulfonylation of terminal alkynes leading to β-azidovinyl sulfones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9874-9877. [PMID: 34491258 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04268h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We report herein the first example of the N3 radical-mediated azidosulfonylation of alkynes, affording the β-azidovinyl sulfone products with a broad substrate scope, excellent functional group compatibility, and high yield. DFT calculations suggest that the mechanism of the reaction proceeds through an unprecedented sequential N3 radical addition and sulfonyl radical coupling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Zheng
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Zhanjing Wang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Chen Li
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Yong Wu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Zhaohong Liu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Yongquan Ning
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
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128
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Chong X, Liu C, Wang C, Yang R, Zhang B. Integrating Hydrogen Production and Transfer Hydrogenation with Selenite Promoted Electrooxidation of α‐Nitrotoluenes to
E
‐Nitroethenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Chong
- Institute of Molecular Plus Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Cuibo Liu
- Institute of Molecular Plus Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Institute of Molecular Plus Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Rong Yang
- Institute of Molecular Plus Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education) Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
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129
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Chong X, Liu C, Wang C, Yang R, Zhang B. Integrating Hydrogen Production and Transfer Hydrogenation with Selenite Promoted Electrooxidation of α-Nitrotoluenes to E-Nitroethenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22010-22016. [PMID: 34318964 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Developing an electrochemical carbon-added reaction with accelerated kinetics to replace the low-value and sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is markedly significant to pure hydrogen production. Regulating the critical steps to precisely design electrode materials to selectively synthesize targeted compounds is highly desirable. Here, inspired by the surfaced adsorbed SeOx 2- promoting OER, NiSe is demonstrated to be an efficient anode enabling α-nitrotoluene electrooxidation to E-nitroethene with up to 99 % E selectivity, 89 % Faradaic efficiency, and the reaction rate of 0.25 mmol cm-2 h-1 via inhibiting side reactions for energy-saving hydrogen generation. The high performance can be associated with its in situ formed NiOOH surface layer and absorbed SeOx 2- via Se leaching-oxidation during electrooxidation, and the preferential adsorption of two -NO2 groups of intermediate on NiOOH. A self-coupling of α-carbon radicals and subsequent elimination of a nitrite molecule pathway is proposed. Wide substrate scope, scale-up synthesis of E-nitroethene, and paired productions of E-nitroethene and hydrogen or N-protected aminoarenes over a bifunctional NiSe electrode highlight the promising potential. Gold also displays a similar promoting effect for α-nitrotoluene transformation like SeOx 2- , rationalizing the strategy of designing materials to suppress side reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Chong
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Cuibo Liu
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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130
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Yuan Y, Yang J, Lei A. Recent advances in electrochemical oxidative cross-coupling with hydrogen evolution involving radicals. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:10058-10086. [PMID: 34369504 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00150g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative cross-coupling has developed into a robust method for carbon-carbon (C-C), carbon-heteroatom (C-X), and heteroatom-heteroatom (X-Y) bond formation. Despite considerable advances in this field, the traditional oxidative cross-coupling reactions usually employ stoichiometric amounts of chemical oxidants to clean up surplus electrons from substrates to form new chemical bonds. Organic electrosynthesis is recognized as an environmentally benign and particularly powerful synthetic platform. Recent advancements have revealed that radical-involved electrochemical oxidative cross-coupling reactions can be achieved under exogenous-oxidant-free conditions. This tutorial review provides an overview of the most recent developments in electrochemical oxidative cross-coupling with hydrogen evolution involving radicals. Emphasis is mainly placed on synthetic and mechanistic aspects. We hope that this tutorial review can promote the development of radical chemistry, electrochemistry, and oxidative cross-coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yuan
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water Retention Chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
| | - Jie Yang
- Gansu International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Water Retention Chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
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131
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Wang Y, Zhang Z, Deng L, Lao T, Su Z, Yu Y, Cao H. Mechanochemical Synthesis of 1,2-Diketoindolizine Derivatives from Indolizines and Epoxides Using Piezoelectric Materials. Org Lett 2021; 23:7171-7176. [PMID: 34459619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A simple and efficient mechanochemical-induced approach for the synthesis of 1,2-diketoindolizine derivatives has been developed. BaTiO3 was used as the piezoelectric material in this transformation. This method features no usage of solvent, simple experimental operation, scalable potential, and high conversion efficiency, which make it attractive and practical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering & Technology Research Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China
| | - Ziwu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering & Technology Research Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China
| | - Lichan Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering & Technology Research Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China
| | - Tianfeng Lao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering & Technology Research Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China
| | - Zhengquan Su
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yue Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering & Technology Research Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China.,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University-University of Hong Kong Joint Biomedical Innovation Platform, Zhongshan 528437, China
| | - Hua Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering & Technology Research Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China
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132
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Chen F, Tang Y, Li X, Duan Y, Chen C, Zheng Y. Oxoammonium Salt‐Mediated Vicinal Oxyazidation of Alkenes with NaN
3
: Access to
β
‐Aminooxy Azides. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Precise Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Drugs, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anyang Normal University Anyang 455000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu‐Ting Tang
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Precise Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Drugs, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anyang Normal University Anyang 455000 People's Republic of China
| | - Xin‐Ru Li
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Precise Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Drugs, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anyang Normal University Anyang 455000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan‐Yan Duan
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Precise Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Drugs, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anyang Normal University Anyang 455000 People's Republic of China
| | - Chao‐Xing Chen
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Precise Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Drugs, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anyang Normal University Anyang 455000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Precise Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Drugs, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anyang Normal University Anyang 455000 People's Republic of China
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133
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Massignan L, Zhu C, Hou X, Oliveira JCA, Salamé A, Ackermann L. Manganaelectro-Catalyzed Azine C–H Arylations and C–H Alkylations by Assistance of Weakly Coordinating Amides. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Massignan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Cuiju Zhu
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Xiaoyan Hou
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - João C. A. Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Aude Salamé
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
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134
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Saraswat A, Sharma A. Revitalization of electro-catalysis for the formation of organic scaffolds. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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135
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Wu JF, Wan NW, Li YN, Wang QP, Cui BD, Han WY, Chen YZ. Regiodivergent and stereoselective hydroxyazidation of alkenes by biocatalytic cascades. iScience 2021; 24:102883. [PMID: 34401667 PMCID: PMC8353479 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric functionalization of alkenes allows the direct synthesis of a wide range of chiral compounds. Vicinal hydroxyazidation of alkenes provides a desirable path to 1,2-azidoalcohols; however, existing methods are limited by the control of stereoselectivity and regioselectivity. Herein, we describe a dual-enzyme cascade strategy for regiodivergent and stereoselective hydroxyazidation of alkenes, affording various enantiomerically pure 1,2-azidoalcohols. The biocatalytic cascade process is designed by combining styrene monooxygenase-catalyzed asymmetric epoxidation of alkenes and halohydrin dehalogenase-catalyzed regioselective ring opening of epoxides with azide. Additionally, a one-pot chemo-enzymatic route to chiral β-hydroxytriazoles from alkenes is developed via combining the biocatalytic cascades and Cu-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Fei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, , Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Nan-Wei Wan
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, , Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Ying-Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, , Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Qing-Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, , Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Bao-Dong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, , Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Wen-Yong Han
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, , Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Yong-Zheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, , Zunyi, 563000, China
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136
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Forster D, Guo W, Wang Q, Zhu J. Photoredox Catalytic Three-Component Amidoazidation of 1,3-Dienes. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Forster
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH5304, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Weisi Guo
- College of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH5304, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jieping Zhu
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH5304, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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137
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Zhu C, Yue H, Jia J, Rueping M. Nickel-Catalyzed C-Heteroatom Cross-Coupling Reactions under Mild Conditions via Facilitated Reductive Elimination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17810-17831. [PMID: 33252192 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The formation of C-heteroatom bonds represents an important type of bond-forming reaction in organic synthesis and often provides a fast and efficient access to privileged structures found in pharmaceuticals, agrochemical and materials. In contrast to conventional Pd- or Cu-catalyzed C-heteroatom cross-couplings under high-temperature conditions, recent advances in homo- and heterogeneous Ni-catalyzed C-heteroatom formations under mild conditions are particularly attractive from the standpoint of sustainability and practicability. The generation of NiIII and excited NiII intermediates facilitate the reductive elimination step to achieve mild cross-couplings. This review provides an overview of the state-of-the-art approaches for mild C-heteroatom bond formations and highlights the developments in photoredox and nickel dual catalysis involving SET and energy transfer processes; photoexcited nickel catalysis; electro and nickel dual catalysis; heterogeneous photoredox and nickel dual catalysis involving graphitic carbon nitride (mpg-CN), metal organic frameworks (MOFs) or semiconductor quantum dots (QDs); as well as more conventional zinc and nickel dual catalyzed reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huifeng Yue
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jiaqi Jia
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magnus Rueping
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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138
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Sato E, Fujii M, Tanaka H, Mitsudo K, Kondo M, Takizawa S, Sasai H, Washio T, Ishikawa K, Suga S. Application of an Electrochemical Microflow Reactor for Cyanosilylation: Machine Learning-Assisted Exploration of Suitable Reaction Conditions for Semi-Large-Scale Synthesis. J Org Chem 2021; 86:16035-16044. [PMID: 34355889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cyanosilylation of carbonyl compounds provides protected cyanohydrins, which can be converted into many kinds of compounds such as amino alcohols, amides, esters, and carboxylic acids. In particular, the use of trimethylsilyl cyanide as the sole carbon source can avoid the need for more toxic inorganic cyanides. In this paper, we describe an electrochemically initiated cyanosilylation of carbonyl compounds and its application to a microflow reactor. Furthermore, to identify suitable reaction conditions, which reflect considerations beyond simply a high yield, we demonstrate machine learning-assisted optimization. Machine learning can be used to adjust the current and flow rate at the same time and identify the conditions needed to achieve the best productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eisuke Sato
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Mayu Fujii
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Koichi Mitsudo
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Masaru Kondo
- Department of Quantum Beam Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi, Ibaraki 316-8511, Japan
| | - Shinobu Takizawa
- Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.,Artificial Intelligence Research Center, ISIR, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sasai
- Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Takeshi Washio
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, ISIR, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.,Department of Reasoning for Intelligence, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ishikawa
- Department of Reasoning for Intelligence, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Seiji Suga
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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139
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Wu Y, Zeng L, Li H, Cao Y, Hu J, Xu M, Shi R, Yi H, Lei A. Electrochemical Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Sonogashira Carbonylation of Arylhydrazines and Alkynes to Ynones. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:12460-12466. [PMID: 34347455 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative carbonylation using carbon monoxide has evolved as an attractive tool to valuable carbonyl-containing compounds, while mixing CO with a stoichiometric amount of a chemical oxidant especially oxygen is hazardous and limits its application in scale-up synthesis. By employing anodic oxidation, we developed an electrochemical palladium-catalyzed oxidative carbonylation of arylhydrazines with alkynes, which is regarded as an alternative supplement of the carbonylative Sonogashira reaction. Combining an undivided cell with constant current mode, oxygen-free conditions avoids the explosion hazard of CO. A diversity of ynones are efficiently obtained using accessible arylhydrazines and alkynes under copper-free conditions. A possible mechanism of the electrochemical Pd(0)/Pd(II) cycle is rationalized based upon cyclic voltammetry, kinetic studies, and intermediates experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Li Zeng
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Li
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yue Cao
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Jingcheng Hu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Minghao Xu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Renyi Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yi
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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140
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Wang MM, Nguyen TVT, Waser J. Diamine Synthesis via the Nitrogen-Directed Azidation of σ- and π-C-C Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:11969-11975. [PMID: 34339216 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Diamines are essential building blocks for the synthesis of agrochemicals, drugs, and organic materials, yet their synthesis remains challenging, as both nitrogens need to be differentiated and diverse substitution patterns (1,2, 1,3, or 1,4) are required. We report herein a new strategy giving access to 1,2, 1,3, and 1,4 amido azides as orthogonally protected diamines based on the nitrogen-directed diazidation of alkenes, cyclopropanes, and cyclobutanes. Commercially available copper thiophene-2-carboxylate (CuTc, 2 mol %) as catalyst promoted the diazidation of both π and σ C-C bonds within 10 min in the presence of readily available oxidants and trimethylsilyl azide. Selective substitution of the formed α-amino azide by carbon nucleophiles (electron-rich aromatic, malonate, organosilicon, organoboron, organozinc, and organomagnesium compounds) was then achieved in a one-pot fashion, leading to the formation of 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-diamines with the amino groups protected orthogonally as an amide/carbamate and an azide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Wang
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tin V T Nguyen
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jerome Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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141
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Zhang Y, Ma C, Struwe J, Feng J, Zhu G, Ackermann L. Electrooxidative dearomatization of biaryls: synthesis of tri- and difluoromethylated spiro[5.5]trienones. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10092-10096. [PMID: 34377402 PMCID: PMC8317667 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02682h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Radical spirocyclization via dearomatization has emerged as an attractive strategy for the rapid synthesis of structurally diverse spiro molecules. We report the use of electrochemistry to perform an oxidative dearomatization of biaryls leading to tri- and difluoromethylated spiro[5.5]trienones in a user friendly undivided cell set-up and a constant current mode. The catalyst- and chemical oxidant-free dearomatization procedure features ample scope, and employs electricity as the green and sole oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University China
| | - Chanchan Ma
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University China
| | - Julia Struwe
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Germany
| | - Jian Feng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University China
| | - Gangguo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University China
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Germany
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142
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Zhu C, Kale AP, Yue H, Rueping M. Redox-Neutral Cross-Coupling Amination with Weak N-Nucleophiles: Arylation of Anilines, Sulfonamides, Sulfoximines, Carbamates, and Imines via Nickelaelectrocatalysis. JACS AU 2021; 1:1057-1065. [PMID: 34467349 PMCID: PMC8395614 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling amination with weak nitrogen nucleophiles is described. Aryl halides as well as aryl tosylates can be efficiently coupled with a series of weak N-nucleophiles, including anilines, sulfonamides, sulfoximines, carbamates, and imines via concerted paired electrolysis. Notably, electron-deficient anilines and sulfonamides are also suitable substrates. Interestingly, when benzophenone imine is applied in the arylation, the product selectivity toward the formation of amine and imine product can be addressed by a base switch. In addition, the alternating current mode can be successfully applied. DFT calculations support a facilitated reductive elimination pathway.
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143
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Novaes LFT, Liu J, Shen Y, Lu L, Meinhardt JM, Lin S. Electrocatalysis as an enabling technology for organic synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:7941-8002. [PMID: 34060564 PMCID: PMC8294342 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00223f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 377] [Impact Index Per Article: 125.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemistry has recently gained increased attention as a versatile strategy for achieving challenging transformations at the forefront of synthetic organic chemistry. Electrochemistry's unique ability to generate highly reactive radical and radical ion intermediates in a controlled fashion under mild conditions has inspired the development of a number of new electrochemical methodologies for the preparation of valuable chemical motifs. Particularly, recent developments in electrosynthesis have featured an increased use of redox-active electrocatalysts to further enhance control over the selective formation and downstream reactivity of these reactive intermediates. Furthermore, electrocatalytic mediators enable synthetic transformations to proceed in a manner that is mechanistically distinct from purely chemical methods, allowing for the subversion of kinetic and thermodynamic obstacles encountered in conventional organic synthesis. This review highlights key innovations within the past decade in the area of synthetic electrocatalysis, with emphasis on the mechanisms and catalyst design principles underpinning these advancements. A host of oxidative and reductive electrocatalytic methodologies are discussed and are grouped according to the classification of the synthetic transformation and the nature of the electrocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz F T Novaes
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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144
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Qiu X, Sang Y, Wu H, Xue XS, Yan Z, Wang Y, Cheng Z, Wang X, Tan H, Song S, Zhang G, Zhang X, Houk KN, Jiao N. Cleaving arene rings for acyclic alkenylnitrile synthesis. Nature 2021; 597:64-69. [PMID: 34280952 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03801-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic chemistry is built around the formation of carbon-carbon bonds. However, the development of methods for selective carbon-carbon bond cleavage is a largely unmet challenge1-6. Such methods will have promising applications in synthesis, coal liquefaction, petroleum cracking, polymer degradation and biomass conversion. For example, aromatic rings are ubiquitous skeletal features in inert chemical feedstocks, but are inert to many reaction conditions owing to their aromaticity and low polarity. Over the past century, only a few methods under harsh conditions have achieved direct arene-ring modifications involving the cleavage of inert aromatic carbon-carbon bonds7,8, and arene-ring-cleavage reactions using stoichiometric transition-metal complexes or enzymes in bacteria are still limited9-11. Here we report a copper-catalysed selective arene-ring-opening reaction strategy. Our aerobic oxidative copper catalyst converts anilines, arylboronic acids, aryl azides, aryl halides, aryl triflates, aryl trimethylsiloxanes, aryl hydroxamic acids and aryl diazonium salts into alkenyl nitriles through selective carbon-carbon bond cleavage of arene rings. This chemistry was applied to the modification of polycyclic aromatics and the preparation of industrially important hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid derivatives. Several examples of the late-stage modification of complex molecules and fused ring compounds further support the potential broad utility of this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yueqian Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiao-Song Xue
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zixi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yachong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zengrui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Song Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guisheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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145
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Ling Y, Wu Y, Wang C, Liu C, Lu S, Zhang B. Selenium Vacancy Promotes Transfer Semihydrogenation of Alkynes from Water Electrolysis. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangfang Ling
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongmeng Wu
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cuibo Liu
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
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146
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Wu Y, Liu C, Wang C, Yu Y, Shi Y, Zhang B. Converting copper sulfide to copper with surface sulfur for electrocatalytic alkyne semi-hydrogenation with water. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3881. [PMID: 34162851 PMCID: PMC8222359 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24059-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrocatalytic alkyne semi-hydrogenation to alkenes with water as the hydrogen source using a low-cost noble-metal-free catalyst is highly desirable but challenging because of their over-hydrogenation to undesired alkanes. Here, we propose that an ideal catalyst should have the appropriate binding energy with active atomic hydrogen (H*) from water electrolysis and a weaker adsorption with an alkene, thus promoting alkyne semi-hydrogenation and avoiding over-hydrogenation. So, surface sulfur-doped and -adsorbed low-coordinated copper nanowire sponges are designedly synthesized via in situ electroreduction of copper sulfide and enable electrocatalytic alkyne semi-hydrogenation with over 99% selectivity using water as the hydrogen source, outperforming a copper counterpart without surface sulfur. Sulfur anion-hydrated cation (S2−-K+(H2O)n) networks between the surface adsorbed S2− and K+ in the KOH electrolyte boost the production of active H* from water electrolysis. And the trace doping of sulfur weakens the alkene adsorption, avoiding over-hydrogenation. Our catalyst also shows wide substrate scopes, up to 99% alkenes selectivity, good reducible groups compatibility, and easily synthesized deuterated alkenes, highlighting the promising potential of this method. Highly selective electrocatalytic semi-hydrogenation of alkynes over a noble-metal-free catalyst is highly desirable. Here, authors synthesize sulfur-containing copper nanowire sponges for selective electrocatalytic alkyne semi-hydrogenation using water as the hydrogen source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmeng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Cuibo Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yifu Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanmei Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, China.
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147
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Zhao J, Huang HG, Li W, Liu WB. FeCl 2-Mediated Regioselective Aminochlorination and Aminoazidation of Styrenes with Trifluoromethanesulfonyl Azide. Org Lett 2021; 23:5102-5106. [PMID: 34156853 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An efficient aminochlorination reaction of stryenes is described using N3SO2CF3 as an amination reagent and FeCl2 as a chloride source. The operationally simple procedure features mild reaction conditions, good functional group compatibility, and high regioselectivity. An example of aminobromination using FeBr2 is also realized. Additionally, a one-pot aminoazidation of styrenes is achieved by adding sodium azide to the reaction. The gram-scale synthesis and downstream derivatization of the products are showcased as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences; Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University. 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Hong-Gui Huang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences; Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University. 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Weishuang Li
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences; Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University. 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Wen-Bo Liu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences; Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University. 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
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148
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Chen CT, Su YC, Lu CH, Lien CI, Hung SF, Hsu CW, Agarwal R, Modala R, Tseng HM, Tseng PX, Fujii R, Kawashima K, Mori S. Enantioselective Radical Type, 1,2-Oxytrifluoromethylation of Olefins Catalyzed by Chiral Vanadyl Complexes: Importance of Noncovalent Interactions. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Tien Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Cheng Su
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Hao Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chien-I Lien
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shiang-Fu Hung
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chan-Wei Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Rachit Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ramuasagar Modala
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hung-Min Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pin-Xuan Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ryoma Fujii
- Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kyohei Kawashima
- Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Seiji Mori
- Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan
- Frontier Research Center for Applied Atomic Sciences, 162-1 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
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149
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Tan J, Zhang W, Shu Y, Lu H, Tang Y, Gao Q. Interlayer engineering of molybdenum disulfide toward efficient electrocatalytic hydrogenation. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:1003-1012. [PMID: 36654245 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) enables the sustainable production of chemicals under ambient condition; however, suffers from serious competition with hydrogen (H2) evolution and the use of precious metals as electrocatalysts. Herein, molybdenum disulfide is for the first time developed as an efficient and noble-metal-free catalyst for ECH via in situ intercalation of ammonia or alkyl-amine cations. This interlayer engineering regulates phase transition (2H → 1 T), and effectively ameliorates electronic configurations and surface hydrophobicity to promote the ECH of biomass-derived oxygenates, while prohibiting H2 evolution. The optimal one intercalated by dimethylamine (MoS2-DMA) is capable of hydrogenating furfural (FAL) to furfuryl alcohol with high Faradaic efficiency of 86.3%-73.3% and outstanding selectivity of >95.0% at -0.25 to -0.65 V (vs. RHE), outperforming MoS2 and other conventional metals. Such prominent performance stems from the enhanced chemisorption and surface hydrophobicity. The chemisorption of H intermediate and FAL, synchronously strengthened on the edge-sites of MoS2-DMA, accelerates the surface elementary step following Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism. Moreover, the improved hydrophobicity benefits FAL affinity to overcome diffusion limitation. Discovering the effective modulation of MoS2 from a typical H2 evolution electrocatalyst to a promising candidate for ECH, this study broadens the scope to exploit catalysts used for electrochemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Tan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wenbiao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yijin Shu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Haiyang Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iCHEM), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iCHEM), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qingsheng Gao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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150
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Puthanveedu M, Khamraev V, Brieger L, Strohmann C, Antonchick AP. Electrochemical Dehydrogenative C(sp 2 )-H Amination. Chemistry 2021; 27:8008-8012. [PMID: 33931904 PMCID: PMC8251997 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A transition-metal-free direct electrolytic C-H amination involving an electrochemically generated nitrenium ion intermediate has been developed. The electrosynthesis takes place in the absence of any organoiodine catalysts and is enabled by an in situ generated electrolyte. A novel, efficient intramolecular and intermolecular C-H amination has been demonstrated using a simple reaction setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Puthanveedu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare PhysiologieAbteilung Chemische BiologieOtto-Hahn-Straße 1144227DortmundGermany
- Technische Universität DortmundFakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieChemische BiologieOtto-Hahn-Straße 4a44221DortmundGermany
| | - Vladislav Khamraev
- Technische Universität DortmundFakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieChemische BiologieOtto-Hahn-Straße 4a44221DortmundGermany
- North Caucasus Federal UniversityDepartment of Chemistry1a Pushkin St.355009StavropolRussian Federation
- Present address: D. I. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia9 Miusskaya Square, 125047MoscowRussian Federation
| | - Lukas Brieger
- Technische Universität DortmundFakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieAnorganische ChemieOtto-Hahn-Straße 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Technische Universität DortmundFakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieAnorganische ChemieOtto-Hahn-Straße 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Andrey P. Antonchick
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare PhysiologieAbteilung Chemische BiologieOtto-Hahn-Straße 1144227DortmundGermany
- Technische Universität DortmundFakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieChemische BiologieOtto-Hahn-Straße 4a44221DortmundGermany
- Nottingham Trent UniversityCollege of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Chemistry and ForensicsClifton LaneNG11 8NSNottinghamUK
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