101
|
Horn A, Jaiswal JK. Cellular mechanisms and signals that coordinate plasma membrane repair. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:3751-3770. [PMID: 30051163 PMCID: PMC6541445 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2888-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Plasma membrane forms the barrier between the cytoplasm and the environment. Cells constantly and selectively transport molecules across their plasma membrane without disrupting it. Any disruption in the plasma membrane compromises its selective permeability and is lethal, if not rapidly repaired. There is a growing understanding of the organelles, proteins, lipids, and small molecules that help cells signal and efficiently coordinate plasma membrane repair. This review aims to summarize how these subcellular responses are coordinated and how cellular signals generated due to plasma membrane injury interact with each other to spatially and temporally coordinate repair. With the involvement of calcium and redox signaling in single cell and tissue repair, we will discuss how these and other related signals extend from single cell repair to tissue level repair. These signals link repair processes that are activated immediately after plasma membrane injury with longer term processes regulating repair and regeneration of the damaged tissue. We propose that investigating cell and tissue repair as part of a continuum of wound repair mechanisms would be of value in treating degenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Horn
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Health System, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC, 20010-2970, USA
- Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jyoti K Jaiswal
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Health System, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC, 20010-2970, USA.
- Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Poellmann MJ, Bu J, Hong S. Would antioxidant-loaded nanoparticles present an effective treatment for ischemic stroke? Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:2327-2340. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide and is in urgent need of new treatment options. The only approved treatment for stroke restores blood flow to the brain, but much of the tissue damage occurs during the subsequent reperfusion. Antioxidant therapies that directly address ischemia-reperfusion injury have shown promise in preclinical results. In this review, we discuss that reformulating antioxidant therapies as nanomedicine can potentially overcome the barriers that have kept these therapies from succeeding in the clinic. We begin by reviewing the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke with a focus on the effects of reperfusion injury. Next, we review nanotherapeutic systems designed to treat the disease with a focus on those addressing reperfusion injury. Mechanisms of passive and active transport required to traverse a blood–brain barrier are discussed. Finally, we conclude by outlining design parameters for potentially successful nanomedicines as front-line therapeutics for ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Poellmann
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Jiyoon Bu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Seungpyo Hong
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA
- Yonsei Frontier Lab & Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Sreetama SC, Chandra G, Van der Meulen JH, Ahmad MM, Suzuki P, Bhuvanendran S, Nagaraju K, Hoffman EP, Jaiswal JK. Membrane Stabilization by Modified Steroid Offers a Potential Therapy for Muscular Dystrophy Due to Dysferlin Deficit. Mol Ther 2018; 26:2231-2242. [PMID: 30166241 PMCID: PMC6127637 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations of the DYSF gene leading to reduced dysferlin protein level causes limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B (LGMD2B). Dysferlin facilitates sarcolemmal membrane repair in healthy myofibers, thus its deficit compromises myofiber repair and leads to chronic muscle inflammation. An experimental therapeutic approach for LGMD2B is to protect damage or improve repair of myofiber sarcolemma. Here, we compared the effects of prednisolone and vamorolone (a dissociative steroid; VBP15) on dysferlin-deficient myofiber repair. Vamorolone, but not prednisolone, stabilized dysferlin-deficient muscle cell membrane and improved repair of dysferlin-deficient mouse (B6A/J) myofibers injured by focal sarcolemmal damage, eccentric contraction-induced injury or injury due to spontaneous in vivo activity. Vamorolone decreased sarcolemmal lipid mobility, increased muscle strength, and decreased late-stage myofiber loss due to adipogenic infiltration. In contrast, the conventional glucocorticoid prednisolone failed to stabilize dysferlin deficient muscle cell membrane or improve repair of dysferlinopathic patient myoblasts and mouse myofibers. Instead, prednisolone treatment increased muscle weakness and myofiber atrophy in B6A/J mice—findings that correlate with reports of prednisolone worsening symptoms of LGMD2B patients. Our findings showing improved cellular and pre-clinical efficacy of vamorolone compared to prednisolone and better safety profile of vamorolone indicates the suitability of vamorolone for clinical trials in LGMD2B.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sen Chandra Sreetama
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Goutam Chandra
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Jack H Van der Meulen
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Mohammad Mahad Ahmad
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Peter Suzuki
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Shivaprasad Bhuvanendran
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Kanneboyina Nagaraju
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Eric P Hoffman
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Jyoti K Jaiswal
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA; Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Stewart MP, Langer R, Jensen KF. Intracellular Delivery by Membrane Disruption: Mechanisms, Strategies, and Concepts. Chem Rev 2018; 118:7409-7531. [PMID: 30052023 PMCID: PMC6763210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 382] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery is a key step in biological research and has enabled decades of biomedical discoveries. It is also becoming increasingly important in industrial and medical applications ranging from biomanufacture to cell-based therapies. Here, we review techniques for membrane disruption-based intracellular delivery from 1911 until the present. These methods achieve rapid, direct, and universal delivery of almost any cargo molecule or material that can be dispersed in solution. We start by covering the motivations for intracellular delivery and the challenges associated with the different cargo types-small molecules, proteins/peptides, nucleic acids, synthetic nanomaterials, and large cargo. The review then presents a broad comparison of delivery strategies followed by an analysis of membrane disruption mechanisms and the biology of the cell response. We cover mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical, and chemical strategies of membrane disruption with a particular emphasis on their applications and challenges to implementation. Throughout, we highlight specific mechanisms of membrane disruption and suggest areas in need of further experimentation. We hope the concepts discussed in our review inspire scientists and engineers with further ideas to improve intracellular delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin P. Stewart
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Croissant C, Bouvet F, Tan S, Bouter A. Imaging Membrane Repair in Single Cells Using Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 81:e55. [PMID: 30085404 DOI: 10.1002/cpcb.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Many cells possess the ability to repair plasma membrane disruption in physiological conditions. Growing evidence indicates a correlation between membrane repair and many human diseases. For example, a negative correlation is observed in muscle where failure to reseal sarcolemma may contribute to the development of muscular dystrophies. Instead, a positive correlation is observed in cancer cells where membrane repair may be exacerbated during metastasis. Here we describe a protocol that combines laser technology for membrane damage, immunostaining with gold nanoparticles and imaging by fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which allows the characterization of the molecular machinery involved in membrane repair. Fluorescence microscopy enables to determine the subcellular localization of candidate proteins in damaged cells while TEM offers high-resolution ultrastructural analysis of the µm²-disruption site, which enables to decipher the membrane repair mechanism. Here we focus on the study of human skeletal muscle cells, for obvious clinical interest, but this protocol is also suitable for other cell types. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Croissant
- Institute of Chemistry and Biology of Membranes and Nano-objects, UMR 5248, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Flora Bouvet
- Institute of Chemistry and Biology of Membranes and Nano-objects, UMR 5248, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Sisareuth Tan
- Institute of Chemistry and Biology of Membranes and Nano-objects, UMR 5248, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Anthony Bouter
- Institute of Chemistry and Biology of Membranes and Nano-objects, UMR 5248, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Schoenauer R, Larpin Y, Babiychuk EB, Drücker P, Babiychuk VS, Avota E, Schneider-Schaulies S, Schumacher F, Kleuser B, Köffel R, Draeger A. Down‐regulation of acid sphingomyelinase and neutral sphingomyelinase‐2 inversely determines the cellular resistance to plasmalemmal injury by pore‐forming toxins. FASEB J 2018; 33:275-285. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800033r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Schoenauer
- Department of Cell BiologyInstitute of AnatomyUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Yu Larpin
- Department of Cell BiologyInstitute of AnatomyUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Eduard B. Babiychuk
- Department of Cell BiologyInstitute of AnatomyUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Patrick Drücker
- Department of Cell BiologyInstitute of AnatomyUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | | | - Elita Avota
- Institute of Virology and ImmunobiologyUniversity of Würzburg Würzburg Germany
| | | | - Fabian Schumacher
- Institute of Nutritional ScienceUniversity of Potsdam Potsdam Germany
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Nutritional ScienceUniversity of Potsdam Potsdam Germany
| | - René Köffel
- Department of Cell BiologyInstitute of AnatomyUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Annette Draeger
- Department of Cell BiologyInstitute of AnatomyUniversity of Bern Bern Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Barthélémy F, Defour A, Lévy N, Krahn M, Bartoli M. Muscle Cells Fix Breaches by Orchestrating a Membrane Repair Ballet. J Neuromuscul Dis 2018; 5:21-28. [PMID: 29480214 PMCID: PMC5836414 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-170251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle undergoes many micro-membrane lesions at physiological state. Based on their sizes and magnitude these lesions are repaired via different complexes on a specific spatio-temporal manner. One of the major repair complex is a dysferlin-dependent mechanism. Accordingly, mutations in the DYSF gene encoding dysferlin results in the development of several muscle pathologies called dysferlinopathies, where abnormalities of the membrane repair process have been characterized in patients and animal models. Recent efforts have been deployed to decipher the function of dysferlin, they shed light on its direct implication in sarcolemma resealing after injuries. These discoveries served as a strong ground to design therapeutic approaches for dysferlin-deficient patients. This review detailed the different partners and function of dysferlin and positions the sarcolemma repair in normal and pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Barthélémy
- Microbiology Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aurélia Defour
- Aix Marseille University, MMG, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Lévy
- Aix Marseille University, MMG, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Martin Krahn
- Aix Marseille University, MMG, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Marc Bartoli
- Aix Marseille University, MMG, INSERM, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Akimov SA, Polynkin MA, Jiménez-Munguía I, Pavlov KV, Batishchev OV. Phosphatidylcholine Membrane Fusion Is pH-Dependent. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051358. [PMID: 29751591 PMCID: PMC5983597 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane fusion mediates multiple vital processes in cell life. Specialized proteins mediate the fusion process, and a substantial part of their energy is used for topological rearrangement of the membrane lipid matrix. Therefore, the elastic parameters of lipid bilayers are of crucial importance for fusion processes and for determination of the energy barriers that have to be crossed for the process to take place. In the case of fusion of enveloped viruses (e.g., influenza) with endosomal membrane, the interacting membranes are in an acidic environment, which can affect the membrane’s mechanical properties. This factor is often neglected in the analysis of virus-induced membrane fusion. In the present work, we demonstrate that even for membranes composed of zwitterionic lipids, changes of the environmental pH in the physiologically relevant range of 4.0 to 7.5 can affect the rate of the membrane fusion notably. Using a continual model, we demonstrated that the key factor defining the height of the energy barrier is the spontaneous curvature of the lipid monolayer. Changes of this parameter are likely to be caused by rearrangements of the polar part of lipid molecules in response to changes of the pH of the aqueous solution bathing the membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Akimov
- Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry, A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31/4 Leninskiy Prospekt, 119071 Moscow, Russia.
- Department of Theoretical Physics and Quantum Technologies, National University of Science and Technology "MISiS", 4 Leninskiy Prospekt, 119049 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Michael A Polynkin
- Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry, A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31/4 Leninskiy Prospekt, 119071 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Irene Jiménez-Munguía
- Department of Engineering of Technological Equipment, National University of Science and Technology "MISiS", 4 Leninskiy Prospekt, 119049 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Konstantin V Pavlov
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Federal Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of FMBA, 1a Malaya Pirogovskaya Street, 119435 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Oleg V Batishchev
- Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry, A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31/4 Leninskiy Prospekt, 119071 Moscow, Russia.
- Department of Physics of Living Systems, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), 9 Institutskiy Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudniy Moscow Region, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
|
110
|
Tang SKY, Marshall WF. Self-repairing cells: How single cells heal membrane ruptures and restore lost structures. Science 2018; 356:1022-1025. [PMID: 28596334 DOI: 10.1126/science.aam6496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Many organisms and tissues display the ability to heal and regenerate as needed for normal physiology and as a result of pathogenesis. However, these repair activities can also be observed at the single-cell level. The physical and molecular mechanisms by which a cell can heal membrane ruptures and rebuild damaged or missing cellular structures remain poorly understood. This Review presents current understanding in wound healing and regeneration as two distinct aspects of cellular self-repair by examining a few model organisms that have displayed robust repair capacity, including Xenopus oocytes, Chlamydomonas, and Stentor coeruleus Although many open questions remain, elucidating how cells repair themselves is important for our mechanistic understanding of cell biology. It also holds the potential for new applications and therapeutic approaches for treating human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sindy K Y Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Wallace F Marshall
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Li F, Yang C, Yuan F, Liao D, Li T, Guilak F, Zhong P. Dynamics and mechanisms of intracellular calcium waves elicited by tandem bubble-induced jetting flow. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E353-E362. [PMID: 29282315 PMCID: PMC5776977 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1713905115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the earliest events in cellular mechanotransduction is often an increase in intracellular calcium concentration associated with intracellular calcium waves (ICWs) in various physiologic or pathophysiologic processes. Although cavitation-induced calcium responses are believed to be important for modulating downstream bioeffects such as cell injury and mechanotransduction in ultrasound therapy, the fundamental mechanisms of these responses have not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated mechanistically the ICWs elicited in single HeLa cells by the tandem bubble-induced jetting flow in a microfluidic system. We identified two distinct (fast and slow) types of ICWs at varying degrees of flow shear stress-induced membrane deformation, as determined by different bubble standoff distances. We showed that ICWs were initiated by an extracellular calcium influx across the cell membrane nearest to the jetting flow, either primarily through poration sites for fast ICWs or opening of mechanosensitive ion channels for slow ICWs, which then propagated in the cytosol via a reaction-diffusion process from the endoplasmic reticulum. The speed of ICW (CICW ) was found to correlate strongly with the severity of cell injury, with CICW in the range of 33 μm/s to 93 μm/s for fast ICWs and 1.4 μm/s to 12 μm/s for slow ICWs. Finally, we demonstrated that micrometer-sized beads attached to the cell membrane integrin could trigger ICWs under mild cavitation conditions without collateral injury. The relation between the characteristics of ICW and cell injury, and potential strategies to mitigate cavitation-induced injury while evoking an intracellular calcium response, may be particularly useful for exploiting ultrasound-stimulated mechanotransduction applications in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fenfang Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708
| | - Fang Yuan
- Huacells Corporation, Natick, MA 01760
| | - Defei Liao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708
| | - Thomas Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Pei Zhong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708;
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Qin P, Han T, Yu ACH, Xu L. Mechanistic understanding the bioeffects of ultrasound-driven microbubbles to enhance macromolecule delivery. J Control Release 2018; 272:169-181. [PMID: 29305924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound-driven microbubbles can trigger reversible membrane perforation (sonoporation), open interendothelial junctions and stimulate endocytosis, thereby providing a temporary and reversible time-window for the delivery of macromolecules across biological membranes and endothelial barriers. This time-window is related not only to cavitation events, but also to biological regulatory mechanisms. Mechanistic understanding of the interaction between cavitation events and cells and tissues, as well as the subsequent cellular and molecular responses will lead to new design strategies with improved efficacy and minimized side effects. Recent important progress on the spatiotemporal characteristics of sonoporation, cavitation-induced interendothelial gap and endocytosis, and the spatiotemporal bioeffects and the preliminary biological mechanisms in cavitation-enhanced permeability, has been made. On the basis of the summary of this research progress, this Review outlines the underlying bioeffects and the related biological regulatory mechanisms involved in cavitation-enhanced permeability; provides a critical commentary on the future tasks and directions in this field, including developing a standardized methodology to reveal mechanism-based bioeffects in depth, and designing biology-based treatment strategies to improve efficacy and safety. Such mechanistic understanding the bioeffects that contribute to cavitation-enhanced delivery will accelerate the translation of this approach to the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Qin
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Tao Han
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Alfred C H Yu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Lin Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Togo T. Cell membrane disruption stimulates cAMP and Ca 2+ signaling to potentiate cell membrane resealing in neighboring cells. Biol Open 2017; 6:1814-1819. [PMID: 29092813 PMCID: PMC5769656 DOI: 10.1242/bio.028977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruption of cellular plasma membranes is a common event in many animal tissues, and the membranes are usually rapidly resealed. Moreover, repeated membrane disruptions within a single cell reseal faster than the initial wound in a protein kinase A (PKA)- and protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent manner. In addition to wounded cells, recent studies have demonstrated that wounding of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells potentiates membrane resealing in neighboring cells in the short-term by purinergic signaling, and in the long-term by nitric oxide/protein kinase G signaling. In the present study, real-time imaging showed that cell membrane disruption stimulated cAMP synthesis and Ca2+ mobilization from intracellular stores by purinergic signaling in neighboring MDCK cells. Furthermore, inhibition of PKA and PKC suppressed the ATP-mediated short-term potentiation of membrane resealing in neighboring cells. These results suggest that cell membrane disruption stimulates PKA and PKC via purinergic signaling to potentiate cell membrane resealing in neighboring MDCK cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuru Togo
- Department of Anatomy, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Uddin SZ, Talukder MA. Imaging of cell membrane topography using Tamm plasmon coupled emission. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aa881a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
115
|
Ogata F, Nagaya T, Okuyama S, Maruoka Y, Choyke PL, Yamauchi T, Kobayashi H. Dynamic changes in the cell membrane on three dimensional low coherent quantitative phase microscopy (3D LC-QPM) after treatment with the near infrared photoimmunotherapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:104295-104302. [PMID: 29262641 PMCID: PMC5732807 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Near infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed cancer therapy that relies on the binding of a near-infrared antibody photoabsorber conjugate (APC) to a cancer cell. Subsequent exposure to NIR light selectively induces rapid necrotic cell death on target-expressing cells with minimal off-target effects. When treated with NIR-PIT, targeted cells become swollen, develop blebs and burst within minutes of light exposure. Detailed spatial and temporal morphological changes of the cellular membrane of targeted cells treated with NIR-PIT have not been fully explored with state-of-the-art microscopic methods. In this study, we investigated the morphologic and kinetic effects of PIT on two types of cells, a spindle-shaped 3T3/Her cell and a spheric-shaped MDA-MB468 cell, after NIR-PIT using three-dimensional low-coherent quantitative phase microscopy (3D LC-QPM). Adhesive cells treated with NIR-PIT demonstrated region-specific cell membrane rupture occurring first on the distal free edge of the cell near the site of adhesion, in a process that was independent of cell shape. The results show that the peripheral portions of the cell membrane near the site of adhesion are particularly vulnerable to the effects of NIR-PIT, likely because these sites exhibit higher baseline surface tension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fusa Ogata
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States of America
| | - Tadanobu Nagaya
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States of America
| | - Shuhei Okuyama
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States of America
| | - Yasuhiro Maruoka
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States of America
| | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States of America
| | - Toyohiko Yamauchi
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Hamamatsu 434-8601, Japan
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Horn A, Van der Meulen JH, Defour A, Hogarth M, Sreetama SC, Reed A, Scheffer L, Chandel NS, Jaiswal JK. Mitochondrial redox signaling enables repair of injured skeletal muscle cells. Sci Signal 2017; 10:eaaj1978. [PMID: 28874604 PMCID: PMC5949579 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaj1978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Strain and physical trauma to mechanically active cells, such as skeletal muscle myofibers, injures their plasma membranes, and mitochondrial function is required for their repair. We found that mitochondrial function was also needed for plasma membrane repair in myoblasts as well as nonmuscle cells, which depended on mitochondrial uptake of calcium through the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU). Calcium uptake transiently increased the mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which locally activated the guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) RhoA, triggering F-actin accumulation at the site of injury and facilitating membrane repair. Blocking mitochondrial calcium uptake or ROS production prevented injury-triggered RhoA activation, actin polymerization, and plasma membrane repair. This repair mechanism was shared between myoblasts, nonmuscle cells, and mature skeletal myofibers. Quenching mitochondrial ROS in myofibers during eccentric exercise ex vivo caused increased damage to myofibers, resulting in a greater loss of muscle force. These results suggest a physiological role for mitochondria in plasma membrane repair in injured cells, a role that highlights a beneficial effect of ROS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Horn
- Children's National Health System, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, 111 Michigan Avenue Northwest, Washington, DC 20010-2970, USA
- Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20010-2970, USA
| | - Jack H Van der Meulen
- Children's National Health System, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, 111 Michigan Avenue Northwest, Washington, DC 20010-2970, USA
| | - Aurelia Defour
- Children's National Health System, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, 111 Michigan Avenue Northwest, Washington, DC 20010-2970, USA
| | - Marshall Hogarth
- Children's National Health System, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, 111 Michigan Avenue Northwest, Washington, DC 20010-2970, USA
| | - Sen Chandra Sreetama
- Children's National Health System, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, 111 Michigan Avenue Northwest, Washington, DC 20010-2970, USA
| | - Aaron Reed
- Children's National Health System, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, 111 Michigan Avenue Northwest, Washington, DC 20010-2970, USA
| | - Luana Scheffer
- Children's National Health System, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, 111 Michigan Avenue Northwest, Washington, DC 20010-2970, USA
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jyoti K Jaiswal
- Children's National Health System, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, 111 Michigan Avenue Northwest, Washington, DC 20010-2970, USA.
- Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20010-2970, USA
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Ciobanu F, Golzio M, Kovacs E, Teissié J. Control by Low Levels of Calcium of Mammalian Cell Membrane Electropermeabilization. J Membr Biol 2017; 251:221-228. [PMID: 28823021 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-017-9981-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Electric pulses, when applied to a cell suspension, induce a reversible permeabilization of the plasma membrane. This permeabilized state is a long-lived process (minutes). The biophysical molecular mechanisms supporting the membrane reorganization associated to its permeabilization remain poorly understood. Modeling the transmembrane structures as toroidal lipidic pores cannot explain why they are long-lived and why their resealing is under the control of the ATP level. Our results describe the effect of the level of free Calcium ions. Permeabilization induces a Ca2+ burst as previously shown by imaging of cells loaded with Fluo-3. But this sharp increase is reversible even when Calcium is present at a millimolar concentration. Viability is preserved to a larger extent when submillimolar concentrations are used. The effect of calcium ions is occurring during the resealing step not during the creation of permeabilization as the same effect is observed if Ca2+ is added in the few seconds following the pulses. The resealing time is faster when Ca2+ is present in a dose-dependent manner. Mg2+ is observed to play a competitive role. These observations suggest that Ca2+ is acting not on the external leaflet of the plasma membrane but due to its increased concentration in the cytoplasm. Exocytosis will be enhanced by this Ca2+ burst (but hindered by Mg2+) and occurs in the electropermeabilized part of the cell surface. This description is supported by previous theoretical and experimental results. The associated fusion of vesicles will be the support of resealing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florin Ciobanu
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.,University Carol Davila, Bucarest, Romania
| | - Muriel Golzio
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Justin Teissié
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Growing functions of the ESCRT machinery in cell biology and viral replication. Biochem Soc Trans 2017; 45:613-634. [PMID: 28620025 DOI: 10.1042/bst20160479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The vast expansion in recent years of the cellular processes promoted by the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery has reinforced its identity as a modular system that uses multiple adaptors to recruit the core membrane remodelling activity at different intracellular sites and facilitate membrane scission. Functional connections to processes such as the aurora B-dependent abscission checkpoint also highlight the importance of the spatiotemporal regulation of the ESCRT machinery. Here, we summarise the role of ESCRTs in viral budding, and what we have learned about the ESCRT pathway from studying this process. These advances are discussed in the context of areas of cell biology that have been transformed by research in the ESCRT field, including cytokinetic abscission, nuclear envelope resealing and plasma membrane repair.
Collapse
|
119
|
Membrane wound healing at single cellular level. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 13:2351-2357. [PMID: 28756092 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We report a nano-technological method of creating a micrometer sized hole on the live cell membrane using atomic force microscope (AFM) and its resealing process at the single cellular level as a model of molecular level wound healing. First, the cell membrane was fluorescently labeled with Kusabira Orange (KO) which was tagged to a lipophilic membrane-sorting peptide. Then a glass bead glued on an AFM cantilever and modified with phospholipase A2 was made to contact the cell membrane. A small dark hole (4-14 μm2 in area) was created on the otherwise fluorescent cell surface often being accompanied by bleb formation. Refilling of holes with KO fluorescence proceeded at an average rate of ~0.014μm2s-1. The fluorescent lumps which initially surrounded the hole were gradually lost. We compared the present result with our previous ones on the repair processes of artificially damaged stress fibers (Graphical Abstract: Figure S2).
Collapse
|
120
|
Pathak-Sharma S, Zhang X, Lam JGT, Weisleder N, Seveau SM. High-Throughput Microplate-Based Assay to Monitor Plasma Membrane Wounding and Repair. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:305. [PMID: 28770170 PMCID: PMC5509797 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma membrane of mammalian cells is susceptible to disruption by mechanical and biochemical damages that frequently occur within tissues. Therefore, efficient and rapid repair of the plasma membrane is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and survival. Excessive damage of the plasma membrane and defects in its repair are associated with pathological conditions such as infections, muscular dystrophy, heart failure, diabetes, and lung and neurodegenerative diseases. The molecular events that remodel the plasma membrane during its repair remain poorly understood. In the present work, we report the development of a quantitative high-throughput assay that monitors the efficiency of the plasma membrane repair in real time using a sensitive microplate reader. In this assay, the plasma membrane of living cells is perforated by the bacterial pore-forming toxin listeriolysin O and the integrity and recovery of the membrane are monitored at 37°C by measuring the fluorescence intensity of the membrane impermeant dye propidium iodide. We demonstrate that listeriolysin O causes dose-dependent plasma membrane wounding and activation of the cell repair machinery. This assay was successfully applied to cell types from different origins including epithelial and muscle cells. In conclusion, this high-throughput assay provides a novel opportunity for the discovery of membrane repair effectors and the development of new therapeutic compounds that could target membrane repair in various pathological processes, from degenerative to infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarika Pathak-Sharma
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbus, OH, United States
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbus, OH, United States
| | - Jonathan G T Lam
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbus, OH, United States.,Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OH, United States
| | - Noah Weisleder
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteColumbus, OH, United States
| | - Stephanie M Seveau
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbus, OH, United States.,Center for Microbial Infection Biology, The Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbus, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Blauch LR, Gai Y, Khor JW, Sood P, Marshall WF, Tang SKY. Microfluidic guillotine for single-cell wound repair studies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:7283-7288. [PMID: 28652371 PMCID: PMC5514750 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1705059114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound repair is a key feature distinguishing living from nonliving matter. Single cells are increasingly recognized to be capable of healing wounds. The lack of reproducible, high-throughput wounding methods has hindered single-cell wound repair studies. This work describes a microfluidic guillotine for bisecting single Stentor coeruleus cells in a continuous-flow manner. Stentor is used as a model due to its robust repair capacity and the ability to perform gene knockdown in a high-throughput manner. Local cutting dynamics reveals two regimes under which cells are bisected, one at low viscous stress where cells are cut with small membrane ruptures and high viability and one at high viscous stress where cells are cut with extended membrane ruptures and decreased viability. A cutting throughput up to 64 cells per minute-more than 200 times faster than current methods-is achieved. The method allows the generation of more than 100 cells in a synchronized stage of their repair process. This capacity, combined with high-throughput gene knockdown in Stentor, enables time-course mechanistic studies impossible with current wounding methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas R Blauch
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Ya Gai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Jian Wei Khor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Pranidhi Sood
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Wallace F Marshall
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Sindy K Y Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305;
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Treatment with Recombinant Human MG53 Protein Increases Membrane Integrity in a Mouse Model of Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy 2B. Mol Ther 2017; 25:2360-2371. [PMID: 28750735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2017.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B (LGMD2B) and other dysferlinopathies are degenerative muscle diseases that result from mutations in the dysferlin gene and have limited treatment options. The dysferlin protein has been linked to multiple cellular functions including a Ca2+-dependent membrane repair process that reseals disruptions in the sarcolemmal membrane. Recombinant human MG53 protein (rhMG53) can increase the membrane repair process in multiple cell types both in vitro and in vivo. Here, we tested whether rhMG53 protein can improve membrane repair in a dysferlin-deficient mouse model of LGMD2B (B6.129-Dysftm1Kcam/J). We found that rhMG53 can increase the integrity of the sarcolemmal membrane of isolated muscle fibers and whole muscles in a Ca2+-independent fashion when assayed by a multi-photon laser wounding assay. Intraperitoneal injection of rhMG53 into mice before acute eccentric treadmill exercise can decrease the release of intracellular enzymes from skeletal muscle and decrease the entry of immunoglobulin G and Evans blue dye into muscle fibers in vivo. These results indicate that short-term rhMG53 treatment can ameliorate one of the underlying defects in dysferlin-deficient muscle by increasing sarcolemmal membrane integrity. We also provide evidence that rhMG53 protein increases membrane integrity independently of the canonical dysferlin-mediated, Ca2+-dependent pathway known to be important for sarcolemmal membrane repair.
Collapse
|
123
|
Hussein F, Antonescu C, Karshafian R. Ultrasound and microbubble induced release from intracellular compartments. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:45. [PMID: 28521780 PMCID: PMC5437622 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-017-0364-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ultrasound and microbubbles (USMB) have been shown to enhance the intracellular uptake of molecules, generally thought to occur as a result of sonoporation. The underlying mechanism associated with USMB-enhanced intracellular uptake such as membrane disruption and endocytosis may also be associated with USMB-induced release of cellular materials to the extracellular milieu. This study investigates USMB effects on the molecular release from cells through membrane-disruption and exocytosis. Results USMB induced the release of 19% and 67% of GFP from the cytoplasm in viable and non-viable cells, respectively. Tfn release from early/recycling endosomes increased by 23% in viable cells upon USMB treatment. In addition, the MFI of LAMP-1 antibody increased by 50% in viable cells, suggesting USMB-stimulated lysosome exocytosis. In non-viable cells, labeling of LAMP-1 intracellular structures in the absence of cell permeabilization by detergents suggests that USMB-induced cell death correlates with lysosomal permeabilization. Conclusions In conclusion, USMB enhanced the molecular release from the cytoplasm, lysosomes, and early/recycling endosomes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12896-017-0364-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farah Hussein
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Costin Antonescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Raffi Karshafian
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada. .,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Toronto, Canada. .,Keenan Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Duan X, Wan JMF, Mak AFT. Oxidative Stress Alters the Morphological Responses of Myoblasts to Single-Site Membrane Photoporation. Cell Mol Bioeng 2017; 10:313-325. [PMID: 31719866 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-017-0488-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The responses of single cells to plasma membrane damage is critical to cell survival under adverse conditions and to many transfection protocols in genetic engineering. While the post-damage molecular responses have been much studied, the holistic morphological changes of damaged cells have received less attention. Here we document the post-damage morphological changes of the C2C12 myoblast cell bodies and nuclei after femtosecond laser photoporation targeted at the plasma membrane. One adverse environmental condition, namely oxidative stress, was also studied to investigate whether external environmental threats could affect the cellular responses to plasma membrane damage. The 3D characteristics data showed that in normal conditions, the cell bodies underwent significant shrinkage after single-site laser photoporation on the plasma membrane. However for the cells bearing hydrogen peroxide oxidative stress beforehand, the cell bodies showed significant swelling after laser photoporation. The post-damage morphological changes of single cells were more obvious after chronic oxidative exposure than that after acute ones. Interestingly, in both conditions, the 2D projection of nucleus apparently shrank after laser photoporation and distanced itself from the damage site. Our results suggest that the cells may experience significant multi-dimensional biophysical changes after single-site plasma membrane damage. These post-damage responses could be dramatically affected by oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxing Duan
- 1Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- 3Department of Mechanical & Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- 4School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Jennifer M F Wan
- 4School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Arthur F T Mak
- 1Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- 2Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- 3Department of Mechanical & Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Qasaimeh MA, Wu YC, Bose S, Menachery A, Talluri S, Gonzalez G, Fulciniti M, Karp JM, Prabhala RH, Karnik R. Isolation of Circulating Plasma Cells in Multiple Myeloma Using CD138 Antibody-Based Capture in a Microfluidic Device. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45681. [PMID: 28374831 PMCID: PMC5379479 DOI: 10.1038/srep45681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The necessity for bone marrow aspiration and the lack of highly sensitive assays to detect residual disease present challenges for effective management of multiple myeloma (MM), a plasma cell cancer. We show that a microfluidic cell capture based on CD138 antigen, which is highly expressed on plasma cells, permits quantitation of rare circulating plasma cells (CPCs) in blood and subsequent fluorescence-based assays. The microfluidic device is based on a herringbone channel design, and exhibits an estimated cell capture efficiency of ~40–70%, permitting detection of <10 CPCs/mL using 1-mL sample volumes, which is difficult using existing techniques. In bone marrow samples, the microfluidic-based plasma cell counts exhibited excellent correlation with flow cytometry analysis. In peripheral blood samples, the device detected a baseline of 2–5 CD138+ cells/mL in healthy donor blood, with significantly higher numbers in blood samples of MM patients in remission (20–24 CD138+ cells/mL), and yet higher numbers in MM patients exhibiting disease (45–184 CD138+ cells/mL). Analysis of CPCs isolated using the device was consistent with serum immunoglobulin assays that are commonly used in MM diagnostics. These results indicate the potential of CD138-based microfluidic CPC capture as a useful ‘liquid biopsy’ that may complement or partially replace bone marrow aspiration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Qasaimeh
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.,Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yichao C Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Suman Bose
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Anoop Menachery
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Srikanth Talluri
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.,Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Jeffrey M Karp
- Division of BioEngineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 65 Landsdowne St., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Rao H Prabhala
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.,Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rohit Karnik
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Cong X, Hubmayr RD, Li C, Zhao X. Plasma membrane wounding and repair in pulmonary diseases. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 312:L371-L391. [PMID: 28062486 PMCID: PMC5374305 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00486.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Various pathophysiological conditions such as surfactant dysfunction, mechanical ventilation, inflammation, pathogen products, environmental exposures, and gastric acid aspiration stress lung cells, and the compromise of plasma membranes occurs as a result. The mechanisms necessary for cells to repair plasma membrane defects have been extensively investigated in the last two decades, and some of these key repair mechanisms are also shown to occur following lung cell injury. Because it was theorized that lung wounding and repair are involved in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), in this review, we summarized the experimental evidence of lung cell injury in these two devastating syndromes and discuss relevant genetic, physical, and biological injury mechanisms, as well as mechanisms used by lung cells for cell survival and membrane repair. Finally, we discuss relevant signaling pathways that may be activated by chronic or repeated lung cell injury as an extension of our cell injury and repair focus in this review. We hope that a holistic view of injurious stimuli relevant for ARDS and IPF could lead to updated experimental models. In addition, parallel discussion of membrane repair mechanisms in lung cells and injury-activated signaling pathways would encourage research to bridge gaps in current knowledge. Indeed, deep understanding of lung cell wounding and repair, and discovery of relevant repair moieties for lung cells, should inspire the development of new therapies that are likely preventive and broadly effective for targeting injurious pulmonary diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Cong
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Rolf D Hubmayr
- Emerius, Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
| | - Changgong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia;
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Kono K, Ikui AE. A new cell cycle checkpoint that senses plasma membrane/cell wall damage in budding yeast. Bioessays 2017; 39. [PMID: 28211950 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201600210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In nature, cells face a variety of stresses that cause physical damage to the plasma membrane and cell wall. It is well established that evolutionarily conserved cell cycle checkpoints monitor various cellular perturbations, including DNA damage and spindle misalignment. However, the ability of these cell cycle checkpoints to sense a damaged plasma membrane/cell wall is poorly understood. To the best of our knowledge, our recent paper described the first example of such a checkpoint, using budding yeast as a model. In this review, we will discuss this important question as well as provide hypothetical explanations to be tested in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Kono
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Amy E Ikui
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Annexin A2 is involved in Ca 2+-dependent plasma membrane repair in primary human endothelial cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1864:1046-1053. [PMID: 27956131 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Many cells in an organism are exposed to constant and acute mechanical stress that can induce plasma membrane injuries. These plasma membrane wounds have to be resealed rapidly to guarantee cell survival. Plasma membrane resealing in response to mechanical strain has been studied in some detail in muscle, where it is required for efficient recovery after insult. However, less is known about the capacity of other cell types and tissues to perform membrane repair and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Here we show that vascular endothelial cells, which are subject to profound mechanical burden, can reseal plasma membrane holes inflicted by laser ablation. Resealing in endothelial cells is a Ca2+-dependent process, as it is inhibited when cells are wounded in Ca2+-free medium. We also show that annexin A1 (AnxA1), AnxA2 and AnxA6, Ca2+-regulated membrane binding proteins previously implicated in membrane resealing in other cell types, are rapidly recruited to the site of plasma membrane injury. S100A11, a known protein ligand of AnxA1, is also recruited to endothelial plasma membrane wounds, albeit with a different kinetic. Mutant expression experiments reveal that Ca2+ binding to AnxA2, the most abundant endothelial annexin, is required for translocation of the protein to the wound site. Furthermore, we show by knock-down and rescue experiments that AnxA2 is a positive regulator of plasma membrane resealing. Thus, vascular endothelial cells are capable of active, Ca2+-dependent plasma membrane resealing and this process requires the activity of AnxA2.
Collapse
|
129
|
Yao Y, Mak AF. Strengthening of C2C12 mouse myoblasts against compression damage by mild cyclic compressive stimulation. J Biomech 2016; 49:3956-3961. [PMID: 27884430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Deep tissue injury (DTI) is a severe kind of pressure ulcers formed by sustained deformation of muscle tissues over bony prominences. As a major clinical issue, DTI affects people with physical disabilities, and is obviously related to the load-bearing capacity of muscle cells in various in-vivo conditions. It is important to provide a preventive approach to help muscle cells from being damaged by compressive stress. In this study, we hypothesized that cyclic compressive stimulation could strengthen muscle cells against compressive damage and enhance the cell plasma membrane resealing capability. Monolayer of myoblasts was cultured in the cell culture dish covered by a cylinder 0.5% agarose gel. The platen indenter was applied with 20% strain on the agarose gel in the Mach-1 micromechanical system. The vibration was 1Hz sinusoidal function with amplitude 0.2% strain based on 20% gel strain. Cyclic compressive stimulation for 2h could enhance the compressive stress damage threshold of muscle cells, the muscle cell plasma membrane resealing ratio and viability of muscle cell under static loading as preventive approach. This approach might help to reduce the risk of DTI in clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Yao
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Arthur Ft Mak
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Li J, Zhang S, Amaya E. The cellular and molecular mechanisms of tissue repair and regeneration as revealed by studies in Xenopus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 3:198-208. [PMID: 27800170 PMCID: PMC5084359 DOI: 10.1002/reg2.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Survival of any living organism critically depends on its ability to repair and regenerate damaged tissues and/or organs during its lifetime following injury, disease, or aging. Various animal models from invertebrates to vertebrates have been used to investigate the molecular and cellular mechanisms of wound healing and tissue regeneration. It is hoped that such studies will form the framework for identifying novel clinical treatments that will improve the healing and regenerative capacity of humans. Amongst these models, Xenopus stands out as a particularly versatile and powerful system. This review summarizes recent findings using this model, which have provided fundamental knowledge of the mechanisms responsible for efficient and perfect tissue repair and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative MedicineSchool of Biological SciencesFaculty of BiologyMedicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PTUK
| | - Siwei Zhang
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative MedicineSchool of Biological SciencesFaculty of BiologyMedicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PTUK
| | - Enrique Amaya
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative MedicineSchool of Biological SciencesFaculty of BiologyMedicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PTUK
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Matsumoto K, Xavier S, Chen J, Kida Y, Lipphardt M, Ikeda R, Gevertz A, Caviris M, Hatzopoulos AK, Kalajzic I, Dutton J, Ratliff BB, Zhao H, Darzynkiewicz Z, Rose‐John S, Goligorsky MS. Instructive Role of the Microenvironment in Preventing Renal Fibrosis. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 6:992-1005. [PMID: 28297566 PMCID: PMC5442777 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2016-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of myofibroblasts is a hallmark of renal fibrosis. A significant proportion of myofibroblasts has been reported to originate via endothelial‐mesenchymal transition. We initially hypothesized that exposing myofibroblasts to the extract of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) could reverse this transition. Indeed, in vitro treatment of transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1)‐activated fibroblasts with EPC extract prevented expression of α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA); however, it did not enhance expression of endothelial markers. In two distinct models of renal fibrosis—unilateral ureteral obstruction and chronic phase of folic acid‐induced nephropathy—subcapsular injection of EPC extract to the kidney prevented and reversed accumulation of α‐SMA‐positive myofibroblasts and reduced fibrosis. Screening the composition of EPC extract for cytokines revealed that it is enriched in leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and vascular endothelial growth factor. Only LIF was capable of reducing fibroblast‐to‐myofibroblast transition of TGF‐β1‐activated fibroblasts. In vivo subcapsular administration of LIF reduced the number of myofibroblasts and improved the density of peritubular capillaries; however, it did not reduce the degree of fibrosis. A receptor‐independent ligand for the gp130/STAT3 pathway, hyper‐interleukin‐6 (hyper‐IL‐6), not only induced a robust downstream increase in pluripotency factors Nanog and c‐Myc but also exhibited a powerful antifibrotic effect. In conclusion, EPC extract prevented and reversed fibroblast‐to‐myofibroblast transition and renal fibrosis. The component of EPC extract, LIF, was capable of preventing development of the contractile phenotype of activated fibroblasts but did not eliminate TGF‐β1‐induced collagen synthesis in cultured fibroblasts and models of renal fibrosis, whereas a receptor‐independent gp130/STAT3 agonist, hyper‐IL‐6, prevented fibrosis. In summary, these studies, through the evolution from EPC extract to LIF and then to hyper‐IL‐6, demonstrate the instructive role of microenvironmental cues and may provide in the future a facile strategy to prevent and reverse renal fibrosis. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:992–1005
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Matsumoto
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Renal Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sandhya Xavier
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Renal Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Renal Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Yujiro Kida
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Renal Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Mark Lipphardt
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Renal Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Reina Ikeda
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Renal Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Annie Gevertz
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Renal Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Mario Caviris
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Renal Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | | | - Ivo Kalajzic
- University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - James Dutton
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Brian B. Ratliff
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Renal Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Renal Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Zbygniew Darzynkiewicz
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Renal Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Stefan Rose‐John
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian‐Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael S. Goligorsky
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Boye TL, Nylandsted J. Annexins in plasma membrane repair. Biol Chem 2016; 397:961-9. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Disruption of the plasma membrane poses deadly threat to eukaryotic cells and survival requires a rapid membrane repair system. Recent evidence reveal various plasma membrane repair mechanisms, which are required for cells to cope with membrane lesions including membrane fusion and replacement strategies, remodeling of cortical actin cytoskeleton and vesicle wound patching. Members of the annexin protein family, which are Ca2+-triggered phospholipid-binding proteins emerge as important components of the plasma membrane repair system. Here, we discuss the mechanisms of plasma membrane repair involving annexins spanning from yeast to human cancer cells.
Collapse
|
133
|
Keidel A, Bartsch TF, Florin EL. Direct observation of intermediate states in model membrane fusion. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23691. [PMID: 27029285 PMCID: PMC4814778 DOI: 10.1038/srep23691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We introduce a novel assay for membrane fusion of solid supported membranes on silica beads and on coverslips. Fusion of the lipid bilayers is induced by bringing an optically trapped bead in contact with the coverslip surface while observing the bead's thermal motion with microsecond temporal and nanometer spatial resolution using a three-dimensional position detector. The probability of fusion is controlled by the membrane tension on the particle. We show that the progression of fusion can be monitored by changes in the three-dimensional position histograms of the bead and in its rate of diffusion. We were able to observe all fusion intermediates including transient fusion, formation of a stalk, hemifusion and the completion of a fusion pore. Fusion intermediates are characterized by axial but not lateral confinement of the motion of the bead and independently by the change of its rate of diffusion due to the additional drag from the stalk-like connection between the two membranes. The detailed information provided by this assay makes it ideally suited for studies of early events in pure lipid bilayer fusion or fusion assisted by fusogenic molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Keidel
- Center for Nonlinear Dynamics and Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Tobias F. Bartsch
- Center for Nonlinear Dynamics and Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Laboratory of Sensory Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, 10065, USA
| | - Ernst-Ludwig Florin
- Center for Nonlinear Dynamics and Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Castro-Gomes T, Corrotte M, Tam C, Andrews NW. Plasma Membrane Repair Is Regulated Extracellularly by Proteases Released from Lysosomes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152583. [PMID: 27028538 PMCID: PMC4814109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells rapidly repair wounds on their plasma membrane. Resealing is Ca2+-dependent, and involves exocytosis of lysosomes followed by massive endocytosis. Extracellular activity of the lysosomal enzyme acid sphingomyelinase was previously shown to promote endocytosis and wound removal. However, whether lysosomal proteases released during cell injury participate in resealing is unknown. Here we show that lysosomal proteases regulate plasma membrane repair. Extracellular proteolysis is detected shortly after cell wounding, and inhibition of this process blocks repair. Conversely, surface protein degradation facilitates plasma membrane resealing. The abundant lysosomal cysteine proteases cathepsin B and L, known to proteolytically remodel the extracellular matrix, are rapidly released upon cell injury and are required for efficient plasma membrane repair. In contrast, inhibition of aspartyl proteases or RNAi-mediated silencing of the lysosomal aspartyl protease cathepsin D enhances resealing, an effect associated with the accumulation of active acid sphingomyelinase on the cell surface. Thus, secreted lysosomal cysteine proteases may promote repair by facilitating membrane access of lysosomal acid sphingomyelinase, which promotes wound removal and is subsequently downregulated extracellularly by a process involving cathepsin D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Castro-Gomes
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742, United States of America
| | - Matthias Corrotte
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742, United States of America
| | - Christina Tam
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742, United States of America
| | - Norma W. Andrews
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Allen DG, Whitehead NP, Froehner SC. Absence of Dystrophin Disrupts Skeletal Muscle Signaling: Roles of Ca2+, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Nitric Oxide in the Development of Muscular Dystrophy. Physiol Rev 2016; 96:253-305. [PMID: 26676145 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00007.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystrophin is a long rod-shaped protein that connects the subsarcolemmal cytoskeleton to a complex of proteins in the surface membrane (dystrophin protein complex, DPC), with further connections via laminin to other extracellular matrix proteins. Initially considered a structural complex that protected the sarcolemma from mechanical damage, the DPC is now known to serve as a scaffold for numerous signaling proteins. Absence or reduced expression of dystrophin or many of the DPC components cause the muscular dystrophies, a group of inherited diseases in which repeated bouts of muscle damage lead to atrophy and fibrosis, and eventually muscle degeneration. The normal function of dystrophin is poorly defined. In its absence a complex series of changes occur with multiple muscle proteins showing reduced or increased expression or being modified in various ways. In this review, we will consider the various proteins whose expression and function is changed in muscular dystrophies, focusing on Ca(2+)-permeable channels, nitric oxide synthase, NADPH oxidase, and caveolins. Excessive Ca(2+) entry, increased membrane permeability, disordered caveolar function, and increased levels of reactive oxygen species are early changes in the disease, and the hypotheses for these phenomena will be critically considered. The aim of the review is to define the early damage pathways in muscular dystrophy which might be appropriate targets for therapy designed to minimize the muscle degeneration and slow the progression of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David G Allen
- Sydney Medical School & Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Nicholas P Whitehead
- Sydney Medical School & Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stanley C Froehner
- Sydney Medical School & Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Filice FP, Li MSM, Henderson JD, Ding Z. Mapping Cd²⁺-induced membrane permeability changes of single live cells by means of scanning electrochemical microscopy. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 908:85-94. [PMID: 26826690 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM) is a powerful, non-invasive, analytical methodology that can be used to investigate live cell membrane permeability. Depth scan SECM imaging allowed for the generation of 2D current maps of live cells relative to electrode position in the x-z or y-z plane. Depending on resolution, one depth scan image can contain hundreds of probe approach curves (PACs). Individual PACs were obtained by simply extracting vertical cross-sections from the 2D image. These experimental PACs were overlaid onto theoretically generated PACs simulated at specific geometry conditions. Simulations were carried out using 3D models in COMSOL Multiphysics to determine the cell membrane permeability coefficients at different locations on the surface of the cells. Common in literature, theoretical PACs are generated using a 2D axially symmetric geometry. This saves on both compute time and memory utilization. However, due to symmetry limitations of the model, only one experimental PAC right above the cell can be matched with simulated PAC data. Full 3D models in this article were developed for the SECM system of live cells, allowing all experimental PACs over the entire cell to become usable. Cd(2+)-induced membrane permeability changes of single human bladder (T24) cells were investigated at several positions above the cell, displaced from the central axis. The experimental T24 cells under study were incubated with Cd(2+) in varying concentrations. It is experimentally observed that 50 and 100 μM Cd(2+) caused a decrease in membrane permeability, which was uniform across all locations over the cell regardless of Cd(2+) concentration. The Cd(2+) was found to have detrimental effects on the cell, with cells shrinking in size and volume, and the membrane permeability decreasing. A mapping technique for the analysis of the cell membrane permeability under the Cd(2+) stress is realized by the methodology presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fraser P Filice
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Michelle S M Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Jeffrey D Henderson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Zhifeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Bouakaz A, Zeghimi A, Doinikov AA. Sonoporation: Concept and Mechanisms. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 880:175-89. [PMID: 26486338 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22536-4_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Contrast agents for ultrasound are now routinely used for diagnosis and imaging. In recent years, new promising possibilities for targeted drug delivery have been proposed that can be realized by using the microbubble composing ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs). The microbubbles can carry drugs and selectively adhere to specific sites in the human body. This capability, in combination with the effect known as sonoporation, provides great possibilities for localized drug delivery. Sonoporation is a process in which ultrasonically activated UCAs, pulsating nearby biological barriers (cell membrane or endothelial layer), increase their permeability and thereby enhance the extravasation of external substances. In this way drugs and genes can be delivered inside individual cells without serious consequences for the cell viability. Sonoporation has been validated both in-vitro using cell cultures and in-vivo in preclinical studies. However, today, the mechanisms by which molecules cross the biological barriers remain unrevealed despite a number of proposed theories. This chapter will provide a survey of the current studies on various hypotheses regarding the routes by which drugs are incorporated into cells or across the endothelial layer and possible associated microbubble acoustic phenomena.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayache Bouakaz
- Inserm Imaging and Ultrasound, INSERM U930, Imagerie et Cerveau, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France.
| | - Aya Zeghimi
- Inserm Imaging and Ultrasound, INSERM U930, Imagerie et Cerveau, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Alexander A Doinikov
- Inserm Imaging and Ultrasound, INSERM U930, Imagerie et Cerveau, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Chen Y, Yuan M, Xia M, Wang L, Zhang Y, Li PL. Instant membrane resealing in nlrp3 inflammmasome activation of endothelial cells. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2016; 21:635-50. [PMID: 26709796 DOI: 10.2741/4411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study explored the molecular mechanisms by which instant cell membrane resealing (CMR) controls the activation of NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (Nlrp3) inflammasomes. Using wavelength-switching fluorescent microscopy with PI and fura-2 as indicators, we monitored instant CMR simultaneously with (Ca(2+))i in mouse microvascular endothelial cell (MVECs). LCWE or saponin wad found to produce membrane injury, which was resealed in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner, but abolished by FasL, a membrane raft (MR) clustering stimulator. Even in the presence of Ca(2+), FasL prolonged the CMR time as shown by an earlier onset of PI influx (48±12 sec vs. 17±3 min. of control). These effects of FasL were substantially blocked by an MR disruptor, methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MCD). The failure of CMR upon FasL activated Nlrp3 inflammasomes, which was blocked by MCD, a membrane resealing compound, VA64 or siRNA of an MR-facilitating enzyme, acid sphingomyelinase. This inflammasome activation was due to increased lysosomal permeability and cathepsin B release. It is concluded that an MR-associated CMR protects ECs from Nlrp3 inflammasome activation induced by membrane injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1220 East Broad Street, Richmond, VA 23298, 2Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen B
| | | | | | - Lei Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204
| | - Pin-Lan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1220 East Broad Street, Richmond, VA 23298, 2Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen B,
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Duann P, Li H, Lin P, Tan T, Wang Z, Chen K, Zhou X, Gumpper K, Zhu H, Ludwig T, Mohler PJ, Rovin B, Abraham WT, Zeng C, Ma J. MG53-mediated cell membrane repair protects against acute kidney injury. Sci Transl Med 2015; 7:279ra36. [PMID: 25787762 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3010755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Injury to the renal proximal tubular epithelium (PTE) represents the underlying consequence of acute kidney injury (AKI) after exposure to various stressors, including nephrotoxins and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Although the kidney has the ability to repair itself after mild injury, insufficient repair of PTE cells may trigger inflammatory and fibrotic responses, leading to chronic renal failure. We report that MG53, a member of the TRIM family of proteins, participates in repair of injured PTE cells and protects against the development of AKI. We show that MG53 translocates to acute injury sites on PTE cells and forms a repair patch. Ablation of MG53 leads to defective membrane repair. MG53-deficient mice develop pronounced tubulointerstitial injury and increased susceptibility to I/R-induced AKI compared to wild-type mice. Recombinant human MG53 (rhMG53) protein can target injury sites on PTE cells to facilitate repair after I/R injury or nephrotoxin exposure. Moreover, in animal studies, intravenous delivery of rhMG53 ameliorates cisplatin-induced AKI without affecting the tumor suppressor efficacy of cisplatin. These findings identify MG53 as a vital component of reno-protection, and targeting MG53-mediated repair of PTE cells represents a potential approach to prevention and treatment of AKI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pu Duann
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Haichang Li
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Peihui Lin
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Tao Tan
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Ken Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kristyn Gumpper
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Thomas Ludwig
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Peter J Mohler
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.,Department of Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Brad Rovin
- Department of Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - William T Abraham
- Department of Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Leikina E, Defour A, Melikov K, Van der Meulen JH, Nagaraju K, Bhuvanendran S, Gebert C, Pfeifer K, Chernomordik LV, Jaiswal JK. Annexin A1 Deficiency does not Affect Myofiber Repair but Delays Regeneration of Injured Muscles. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18246. [PMID: 26667898 PMCID: PMC4678367 DOI: 10.1038/srep18246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Repair and regeneration of the injured skeletal myofiber involves fusion of intracellular vesicles with sarcolemma and fusion of the muscle progenitor cells respectively. In vitro experiments have identified involvement of Annexin A1 (Anx A1) in both these fusion processes. To determine if Anx A1 contributes to these processes during muscle repair in vivo, we have assessed muscle growth and repair in Anx A1-deficient mouse (AnxA1-/-). We found that the lack of Anx A1 does not affect the muscle size and repair of myofibers following focal sarcolemmal injury and lengthening contraction injury. However, the lack of Anx A1 delayed muscle regeneration after notexin-induced injury. This delay in muscle regeneration was not caused by a slowdown in proliferation and differentiation of satellite cells. Instead, lack of Anx A1 lowered the proportion of differentiating myoblasts that managed to fuse with the injured myofibers by days 5 and 7 after notexin injury as compared to the wild type (w.t.) mice. Despite this early slowdown in fusion of Anx A1-/- myoblasts, regeneration caught up at later times post injury. These results establish in vivo role of Anx A1 in cell fusion required for myofiber regeneration and not in intracellular vesicle fusion needed for repair of myofiber sarcolemma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia Leikina
- Section on Membrane Biology, Program of Physical Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10/Rm. 10D05, 10 Center Dr. Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1855, USA
| | - Aurelia Defour
- Children's National Medical Center, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington DC 20010-2970, USA
| | - Kamran Melikov
- Section on Membrane Biology, Program of Physical Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10/Rm. 10D05, 10 Center Dr. Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1855, USA
| | - Jack H Van der Meulen
- Children's National Medical Center, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington DC 20010-2970, USA
| | - Kanneboyina Nagaraju
- Children's National Medical Center, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington DC 20010-2970, USA.,Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA
| | - Shivaprasad Bhuvanendran
- Children's National Medical Center, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington DC 20010-2970, USA
| | - Claudia Gebert
- Section on Genome Imprinting, Program on Genomics of Differentiation, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, USA
| | - Karl Pfeifer
- Section on Genome Imprinting, Program on Genomics of Differentiation, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, USA
| | - Leonid V Chernomordik
- Section on Membrane Biology, Program of Physical Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10/Rm. 10D05, 10 Center Dr. Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1855, USA
| | - Jyoti K Jaiswal
- Children's National Medical Center, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington DC 20010-2970, USA.,Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Nagre N, Wang S, Kellett T, Kanagasabai R, Deng J, Nishi M, Shilo K, Oeckler RA, Yalowich JC, Takeshima H, Christman J, Hubmayr RD, Zhao X. TRIM72 modulates caveolar endocytosis in repair of lung cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 310:L452-64. [PMID: 26637632 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00089.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial and endothelial cell injury is a major feature of the acute respiratory distress syndrome, in particular when in conjunction with ventilation therapies. Previously we showed [Kim SC, Kellett T, Wang S, Nishi M, Nagre N, Zhou B, Flodby P, Shilo K, Ghadiali SN, Takeshima H, Hubmayr RD, Zhao X. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 307: L449-L459, 2014.] that tripartite motif protein 72 (TRIM72) is essential for amending alveolar epithelial cell injury. Here, we posit that TRIM72 improves cellular integrity through its interaction with caveolin 1 (Cav1). Our data show that, in primary type I alveolar epithelial cells, lack of TRIM72 led to significant reduction of Cav1 at the plasma membrane, accompanied by marked attenuation of caveolar endocytosis. Meanwhile, lentivirus-mediated overexpression of TRIM72 selectively increases caveolar endocytosis in rat lung epithelial cells, suggesting a functional association between these two. Further coimmunoprecipitation assays show that deletion of either functional domain of TRIM72, i.e., RING, B-box, coiled-coil, or PRY-SPRY, abolishes the physical interaction between TRIM72 and Cav1, suggesting that all theoretical domains of TRIM72 are required to forge a strong interaction between these two molecules. Moreover, in vivo studies showed that injurious ventilation-induced lung cell death was significantly increased in knockout (KO) TRIM72(KO) and Cav1(KO) lungs compared with wild-type controls and was particularly pronounced in double KO mutants. Apoptosis was accompanied by accentuation of gross lung injury manifestations in the TRIM72(KO) and Cav1(KO) mice. Our data show that TRIM72 directly and indirectly modulates caveolar endocytosis, an essential process involved in repair of lung epithelial cells through removal of plasma membrane wounds. Given TRIM72's role in endomembrane trafficking and cell repair, we consider this molecule an attractive therapeutic target for patients with injured lungs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagaraja Nagre
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia; Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Thomas Kellett
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ragu Kanagasabai
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jing Deng
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Miyuki Nishi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; and
| | - Konstantin Shilo
- Division of Pulmonary Pathology, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Jack C Yalowich
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Hiroshi Takeshima
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; and
| | - John Christman
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Rolf D Hubmayr
- Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia; Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio;
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Jaiswal JK, Nylandsted J. S100 and annexin proteins identify cell membrane damage as the Achilles heel of metastatic cancer cells. Cell Cycle 2015; 14:502-9. [PMID: 25565331 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2014.995495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical activity of cells and the stress imposed on them by extracellular environment is a constant source of injury to the plasma membrane (PM). In invasive tumor cells, increased motility together with the harsh environment of the tumor stroma further increases the risk of PM injury. The impact of these stresses on tumor cell plasma membrane and mechanism by which tumor cells repair the PM damage are poorly understood. Ca(2+) entry through the injured PM initiates repair of the PM. Depending on the cell type, different organelles and proteins respond to this Ca(2+) entry and facilitate repair of the damaged plasma membrane. We recently identified that proteins expressed in various metastatic cancers including Ca(2+)-binding EF hand protein S100A11 and its binding partner annexin A2 are used by tumor cells for plasma membrane repair (PMR). Here we will discuss the involvement of S100, annexin proteins and their regulation of actin cytoskeleton, leading to PMR. Additionally, we will show that another S100 member--S100A4 accumulates at the injured PM. These findings reveal a new role for the S100 and annexin protein up regulation in metastatic cancers and identify these proteins and PMR as targets for treating metastatic cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti K Jaiswal
- a Center for Genetic Medicine Research ; Children's National Medical Center ; Washington , DC USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
143
|
Iridium oxide nanotube electrodes for sensitive and prolonged intracellular measurement of action potentials. Nat Commun 2015; 5:3206. [PMID: 24487777 PMCID: PMC4180680 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular recording of action potentials is important to understand electrically-excitable cells. Recently, vertical nanoelectrodes have been developed to achieve highly sensitive, minimally invasive, and large scale intracellular recording. It has been demonstrated that the vertical geometry is crucial for the enhanced signal detection. Here we develop nanoelectrodes made up of nanotubes of iridium oxide. When cardiomyocytes are cultured upon those nanotubes, the cell membrane not only wraps around the vertical tubes but also protrudes deep into the hollow center. We show that this geometry enhances cell-electrode coupling and results in measuring much larger intracellular action potentials. The nanotube electrodes afford much longer intracellular access and are minimally invasive, making it possible to achieve stable recording up to an hour in a single session and more than 8 days of consecutive daily recording. This study suggests that the electrode performance can be significantly improved by optimizing the electrode geometry.
Collapse
|
144
|
Taffoni C, Pujol N. Mechanisms of innate immunity in C. elegans epidermis. Tissue Barriers 2015; 3:e1078432. [PMID: 26716073 PMCID: PMC4681281 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2015.1078432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The roundworm C. elegans has been successfully used for more than 50 y as a genetically tractable invertebrate model in diverse biological fields such as neurobiology, development and interactions. C. elegans feeds on bacteria and can be naturally infected by a wide range of microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria and fungi. Most of these pathogens infect C. elegans through its gut, but some have developed ways to infect the epidermis. In this review, we will mainly focus on epidermal innate immunity, in particular the signaling pathways and effectors activated upon wounding and fungal infection that serve to protect the host. We will discuss the parallels that exist between epidermal innate immune responses in nematodes and mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Taffoni
- Center d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy; Aix Marseille Université UM2 ; Inserm; Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Pujol
- Center d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy; Aix Marseille Université UM2 ; Inserm; Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Jimenez AJ, Perez F. Physico-chemical and biological considerations for membrane wound evolution and repair in animal cells. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2015; 45:2-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
146
|
Atapaththu KSS, Miyagi A, Atsuzawa K, Kaneko Y, Kawai-Yamada M, Asaeda T. Effects of water turbulence on variations in cell ultrastructure and metabolism of amino acids in the submersed macrophyte, Elodea nuttallii (Planch.) H. St. John. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2015; 17:997-1004. [PMID: 25959623 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between macrophytes and water movement are not yet fully understood, and the causes responsible for the metabolic and ultrastructural variations in plant cells as a consequence of turbulence are largely unknown. In the present study, growth, metabolism and ultrastructural changes were evaluated in the aquatic macrophyte Elodea nuttallii, after exposure to turbulence for 30 days. The turbulence was generated with a vertically oscillating horizontal grid. The turbulence reduced plant growth, plasmolysed leaf cells and strengthened cell walls, and plants exposed to turbulence accumulated starch granules in stem chloroplasts. The size of the starch granules increased with the magnitude of the turbulence. Using capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS), analysis of the metabolome found metabolite accumulation in response to the turbulence. Asparagine was the dominant amino acid that was concentrated in stressed plants, and organic acids such as citrate, ascorbate, oxalate and γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) also accumulated in response to turbulence. These results indicate that turbulence caused severe stress that affected plant growth, cell ultrastructure and some metabolic functions of E. nuttallii. Our findings offer insights to explain the effects of water movement on the functions of aquatic plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K S S Atapaththu
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Saitama University, Sakura-Ku, Saitama, Japan
| | - A Miyagi
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Saitama University, Sakura-Ku, Saitama, Japan
| | - K Atsuzawa
- Comprehensive Analysis Center for Science, Saitama University, Sakura-Ku, Saitama, Japan
| | - Y Kaneko
- Biology Section in the Faculty of Education, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Sakura-Ku, Saitama, Japan
| | - M Kawai-Yamada
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Saitama University, Sakura-Ku, Saitama, Japan
| | - T Asaeda
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Saitama University, Sakura-Ku, Saitama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Lauritzen SP, Boye TL, Nylandsted J. Annexins are instrumental for efficient plasma membrane repair in cancer cells. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2015; 45:32-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
148
|
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria produce virulence factors called effectors, which are important components of the infection process. Effectors aid in pathogenesis by facilitating bacterial attachment, pathogen entry into or exit from the host cell, immunoevasion, and immunosuppression. Effectors also have the ability to subvert host cellular processes, such as hijacking cytoskeletal machinery or blocking protein translation. However, host cells possess an evolutionarily conserved innate immune response that can sense the pathogen through the activity of its effectors and mount a robust immune response. This “effector triggered immunity” (ETI) was first discovered in plants but recent evidence suggest that the process is also well conserved in metazoans. We will discuss salient points of the mechanism of ETI in metazoans from recent studies done in mammalian cells and invertebrate model hosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajmohan Rajamuthiah
- a Division of Infectious Diseases; Rhode Island Hospital; Alpert Medical School of Brown University; Providence, RI USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
149
|
Labazi M, McNeil AK, Kurtz T, Lee TC, Pegg RB, Angeli JPF, Conrad M, McNeil PL. The antioxidant requirement for plasma membrane repair in skeletal muscle. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 84:246-253. [PMID: 25843658 PMCID: PMC5072523 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin E (VE) deficiency results in pronounced muscle weakness and atrophy but the cell biological mechanism of the pathology is unknown. We previously showed that VE supplementation promotes membrane repair in cultured cells and that oxidants potently inhibit repair. Here we provide three independent lines of evidence that VE is required for skeletal muscle myocyte plasma membrane repair in vivo. We also show that when another lipid-directed antioxidant, glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4), is genetically deleted in mouse embryonic fibroblasts, repair fails catastrophically, unless cells are supplemented with VE. We conclude that lipid-directed antioxidant activity provided by VE, and possibly also Gpx4, is an essential component of the membrane repair mechanism in skeletal muscle. This work explains why VE is essential to muscle health and identifies VE as a requisite component of the plasma membrane repair mechanism in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Labazi
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Anna K McNeil
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Timothy Kurtz
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Taylor C Lee
- Department of Food Science & Technology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ronald B Pegg
- Department of Food Science & Technology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | | | - Marcus Conrad
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Developmental Genetics, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Paul L McNeil
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Flavonoids in Microheterogeneous Media, Relationship between Their Relative Location and Their Reactivity towards Singlet Oxygen. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129749. [PMID: 26098745 PMCID: PMC4476713 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the relationship between the molecular structure of three flavonoids (kaempferol, quercetin and morin), their relative location in microheterogeneous media (liposomes and erythrocyte membranes) and their reactivity against singlet oxygen was studied. The changes observed in membrane fluidity induced by the presence of these flavonoids and the influence of their lipophilicity/hydrophilicity on the antioxidant activity in lipid membranes were evaluated by means of fluorescent probes such as Laurdan and diphenylhexatriene (DPH). The small differences observed for the value of generalized polarization of Laurdan (GP) curves in function of the concentration of flavonoids, indicate that these three compounds promote similar alterations in liposomes and erythrocyte membranes. In addition, these compounds do not produce changes in fluorescence anisotropy of DPH, discarding their location in deeper regions of the lipid bilayer. The determined chemical reactivity sequence is similar in all the studied media (kaempferol < quercetin < morin). Morin is approximately 10 times more reactive than quercetin and 20 to 30 times greater than kaempferol, depending on the medium.
Collapse
|