101
|
Xu H, Wu K, Tian Y, Liu Q, Han N, Yuan X, Zhang L, Wu GS, Wu K. CD44 correlates with clinicopathological characteristics and is upregulated by EGFR in breast cancer. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:1343-50. [PMID: 27499099 PMCID: PMC5021250 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), a well-known transmembrane glycoprotein, serves as a promoting factor in the carcinogenesis and progression of a variety of neoplasms. Previous studies have demonstrated that aberrant expression of CD44 was associated with the initiation, invasion, metastasis, and therapy-resistance of breast cancer, but whether there was any association between CD44 and pathological characteristics of breast cancer or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has not been clearly elucidated. In this study, we utilized public microarray data analysis and tissue microarray technologies to display that CD44 level was enhanced in breast cancer and was significantly correlated with histological grade and the status of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) and EGFR. Furthermore, mRNA expression of CD44 in breast tumors was positively correlated with basal cytokeratin markers KRT5 and KRT17, but inversely associated with luminal marker FOXA1. Besides, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that high CD44 mRNA level had adverse impact on the progression-free survival of patients with HER2-expressing or basal-like breast cancer. Functionally, inhibition of EGFR activity by erlotinib impaired the invasion and migration ability of breast cancer cell lines. Western blot assays demonstrated that erlotinib treatment decreased the expression of CD44, accompanied with the reduced protein levels of mesenchymal and cancer stem cell markers. Collectively, this study suggested that the expression of CD44 was upregulated by EGFR pathway and CD44 had a robust impact on the development of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Xu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Kongju Wu
- Nursing School of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan 467000, P.R. China
| | - Yijun Tian
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Na Han
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Xun Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Gen Sheng Wu
- Departments of Oncology and Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Rau LR, Tsao SW, Liaw JW, Tsai SW. Selective Targeting and Restrictive Damage for Nonspecific Cells by Pulsed Laser-Activated Hyaluronan-Gold Nanoparticles. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:2514-21. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lih-Rou Rau
- Graduate
Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wei Tsao
- Graduate
Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Woei Liaw
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Center
for Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Institute
for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Center
for Advanced Molecular Imaging and Translation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Wen Tsai
- Graduate
Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Center
for Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department
of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Mende M, Bednarek C, Wawryszyn M, Sauter P, Biskup MB, Schepers U, Bräse S. Chemical Synthesis of Glycosaminoglycans. Chem Rev 2016; 116:8193-255. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Mende
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christin Bednarek
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Mirella Wawryszyn
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Paul Sauter
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Moritz B. Biskup
- Division
2—Informatics, Economics and Society, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ute Schepers
- Institute
of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute
of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Shed proteoglycans in tumor stroma. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 365:643-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2452-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
105
|
Hong Y, Lee E, Choi J, Haam S, Suh JS, Yang J. Biomarker-specific conjugated nanopolyplexes for the active coloring of stem-like cancer cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:225101. [PMID: 27098318 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/22/225101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Stem-like cancer cells possess intrinsic features and their CD44 regulate redox balance in cancer cells to survive under stress conditions. Thus, we have fabricated biomarker-specific conjugated polyplexes using CD44-targetable hyaluronic acid and redox-sensible polyaniline based on a nanoemulsion method. For the most sensitive recognition of the cellular redox at a single nanoparticle scale, a nano-scattering spectrum imaging analyzer system was introduced. The conjugated polyplexes showed a specific targeting ability toward CD44-expressing cancer cells as well as a dramatic change in its color, which depended on the redox potential in the light-scattered images. Therefore, these polyaniline-based conjugated polyplexes as well as analytical processes that include light-scattering imaging and measurements of scattering spectra, clearly establish a systematic method for the detection and monitoring of cancer microenvironments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoochan Hong
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
106
|
Cluster of Differentiation 44 ( CD44) Gene Variants: A Putative Cancer Stem Cell Marker in Risk Prediction of Bladder Cancer in North Indian Population. Indian J Clin Biochem 2016; 32:74-83. [PMID: 28149016 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-016-0580-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CD44 is involved in cancer-cell growth, invasion, proliferation and metastasis and is also a causal factor for acquisition of resistance to apoptosis. Therefore we evaluated different SNPs of CD44 gene viz. CD44rs187116 A/G, CD44rs4755392 A/T, CD44rs187115 C/T, CD44rs13347 C/T and CD44 rs353639 G/T for bladder cancer risk in North Indian population. 240 bladder cancer patients and 270 cancer free controls were recruited in this study. Genotyping was done by PCR-RFLP for CD44rs187116 A/G. However, CD44rs4755392 A/T, CD44rs187115 C/T, CD44rs13347 C/T and CD44 rs353639 G/T were genotyped by allelic discrimination Taqman® assay. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS. In-silico analysis was done using F-SNP. We found reduced risk in variant genotype, TT of rs4755392 (p = 0.011) as well as in variant allele, T (p = 0.045). No risk was seen in rs13347, heterozygous genotype, CT (p = 0.023) and variant allele, T (p = 0.007). The dominant model, CT + TT also revealed reduced risk (p = 0.009). A marginal risk was seen in dominant model, GT + TT of rs353639 (p = 0.044) and reduced risk in variant allele T (p = 0.040). A significant manifold risk was seen in smokers carrying variant genotype, TT of CD44rs353639 G/T (p = 0.038, OR 1.960). Haplotypic analysis revealed significant association in 4 sets viz. TCCGG p = 0.005, TTCGA p = 0.039, ACTGG p = 0.008 and TCTGA p = 0.006. In-silico analysis using F-SNP, showed altered transcriptional regulation for rs187115, rs13347 and rs353639. Our study suggests that rs353639 shows a marginal risk for bladder cancer susceptibility, whereas rs4755392 and rs13347 have reduced risk of bladder cancer and rs187115 and rs187116 had no effect on bladder cancer susceptibility in North Indians.
Collapse
|
107
|
Rankin KS, Frankel D. Hyaluronan in cancer - from the naked mole rat to nanoparticle therapy. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:3841-8. [PMID: 27079782 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00513f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronan, a glycosaminoglycan, abundant in the tumour microenvironment, is a key player in many processes associated with cancer. Recently the cancer resistance of the naked mole rat has been attributed to the presence of an ultra-high molecular weight form of this molecule. The physical properties of this multifunctional biopolymer have been extensively studied in the context of synovial joints. However, relatively little has been reported with regard to the soft matter properties of hyaluronan in relation to cancer. In this review we examine the role of hyaluronan in cancer, paying particular attention to its mechanical interactions with malignant cells and its soft matter properties. In addition we discuss the use of hyaluronan based gels to study cancer invasion as well as nanoparticle based strategies for disease treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth S Rankin
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Medical School, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
108
|
Bradshaw A, Wickremsekera A, Tan ST, Peng L, Davis PF, Itinteang T. Cancer Stem Cell Hierarchy in Glioblastoma Multiforme. Front Surg 2016; 3:21. [PMID: 27148537 PMCID: PMC4831983 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2016.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), an aggressive tumor that typically exhibits treatment failure with high mortality rates, is associated with the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) within the tumor. CSCs possess the ability for perpetual self-renewal and proliferation, producing downstream progenitor cells that drive tumor growth. Studies of many cancer types have identified CSCs using specific markers, but it is still unclear as to where in the stem cell hierarchy these markers fall. This is compounded further by the presence of multiple GBM and glioblastoma cancer stem cell subtypes, making investigation and establishment of a universal treatment difficult. This review examines the current knowledge on the CSC markers SALL4, OCT-4, SOX2, STAT3, NANOG, c-Myc, KLF4, CD133, CD44, nestin, and glial fibrillary acidic protein, specifically focusing on their use and validity in GBM research and how they may be utilized for investigations into GBM's cancer biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Bradshaw
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute , Wellington , New Zealand
| | - Agadha Wickremsekera
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand; Department of Neurosurgery, Wellington Regional Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Swee T Tan
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute , Wellington , New Zealand
| | - Lifeng Peng
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington , New Zealand
| | - Paul F Davis
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute , Wellington , New Zealand
| | - Tinte Itinteang
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute , Wellington , New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Spontaneous arrangement of a tumor targeting hyaluronic acid shell on irinotecan loaded PLGA nanoparticles. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 140:400-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
110
|
Kakehashi A, Ishii N, Sugihara E, Gi M, Saya H, Wanibuchi H. CD44 variant 9 is a potential biomarker of tumor initiating cells predicting survival outcome in hepatitis C virus-positive patients with resected hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:609-18. [PMID: 26882440 PMCID: PMC4970827 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated whether the expression of CD44 variant 9 (CD44v9) might be a functional marker of tumor‐initiating stem‐like cells in primary hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) of hepatitis C virus (HCV)+ patients and provide an indicator of patient survival, as well as associated mechanisms. A total of 90 HCV+HCC patients who underwent surgery from 2006 to 2011 were enrolled and monitored for 2–8 years. Expression of CD44v9 was validated immunohistochemically in all HCCs, followed by comparative proteome, survival, and clinicopathological analyses. CD44 variant 8–‐10 was further evaluated in diethylnitrosamine‐induced HCCs of C57Bl/6J mice. Focally localized CD44v+ cells with a membranous staining pattern were detected in human HCV+ and mouse HCCs. CD44v9+ cells of HCCs were predominantly negative for Ki67 and P‐p38, indicating decrease of cell proliferation in the CD44v9+ tumor cell population, likely to be related to suppression of intracellular oxidative stress due to activation of Nrf2‐mediated signaling, DNA repair, and inhibition of xenobiotic metabolism. CD44v9 IHC evaluation in 90 HCV+HCC cases revealed that positive expression was significantly associated with poor overall and recurrence‐free survival, a younger age, poor histological differentiation of HCCs, and high alkaline phosphatase levels compared with patients with negative expression. CD44v9 is concluded to be a potential biomarker of tumor‐initiating stem‐like cells and a prognostic marker in HCV+HCC patients associated with Nrf2‐mediated resistance to oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kakehashi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naomi Ishii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eiji Sugihara
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Min Gi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Saya
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Wanibuchi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Muntimadugu E, Kumar R, Saladi S, Rafeeqi TA, Khan W. CD44 targeted chemotherapy for co-eradication of breast cancer stem cells and cancer cells using polymeric nanoparticles of salinomycin and paclitaxel. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 143:532-546. [PMID: 27045981 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.03.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This combinational therapy is mainly aimed for complete eradication of tumor by killing both cancer cells and cancer stem cells. Salinomycin (SLM) was targeted towards cancer stem cells whereas paclitaxel (PTX) was used to kill cancer cells. Drug loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles were prepared by emulsion solvent diffusion method using cationic stabilizer. Size of the nanoparticles (below 150nm) was determined by dynamic light scattering technique and transmission electron microscopy. In vitro release study confirmed the sustained release pattern of SLM and PTX from nanoparticles more than a month. Cytotoxicity studies on MCF-7 cells revealed the toxicity potential of nanoparticles over drug solutions. Hyaluronic acid (HA) was coated onto the surface of SLM nanoparticles for targeting CD44 receptors over expressed on cancer stem cells and they showed the highest cytotoxicity with minimum IC50 on breast cancer cells. Synergistic cytotoxic effect was also observed with combination of nanoparticles. Cell uptake studies were carried out using FITC loaded nanoparticles. These particles showed improved cellular uptake over FITC solution and HA coating further enhanced the effect by 1.5 folds. CD44 binding efficiency of nanoparticles was studied by staining MDA-MB-231 cells with anti CD44 human antibody and CD44(+) cells were enumerated using flow cytometry. CD44(+) cell count was drastically decreased when treated with HA coated SLM nanoparticles indicating their efficiency towards cancer stem cells. Combination of HA coated SLM nanoparticles and PTX nanoparticles showed the highest cytotoxicity against CD44(+) cells. Hence combinational therapy using conventional chemotherapeutic drug and cancer stem cell inhibitor could be a promising approach in overcoming cancer recurrence due to resistant cell population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eameema Muntimadugu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Rajendra Kumar
- UGC Centre of Excellence in Applications of Nanomaterials, Nanoparticles, and Nanocomposites, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Shantikumar Saladi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Towseef Amin Rafeeqi
- Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Central Research Institute of Unani Medicine (CRIUM), Hyderabad 500038, India
| | - Wahid Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India.
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Hurst RE, Bastian A, Bailey-Downs L, Ihnat MA. Targeting dormant micrometastases: rationale, evidence to date and clinical implications. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2016; 8:126-37. [PMID: 26929788 DOI: 10.1177/1758834015624277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of decades of research, cancer survival has increased only modestly. This is because most research is based on models of primary tumors. Slow recognition has begun that disseminated, dormant cancer cells (micrometastatic cells) that are generally resistant to chemotherapy are the culprits in recurrence, and until these are targeted effectively we can expect only slow progress in increasing overall survival from cancer. This paper reviews efforts to understand the mechanisms by which cancer cells can become dormant, and thereby identify potential targets and drugs either on the market or in clinical trials that purport to prevent metastasis. This review targets the most recent literature because several excellent reviews have covered the literature from more than two years ago. The paper also describes recent work in the authors' laboratories to develop a screening-based approach that does not require understanding of mechanisms of action or the molecular target. Success of this approach shows that targeting micrometastatic cells is definitely feasible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Hurst
- Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, 105 BMSB, 940 SL Young Boulevard, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Anja Bastian
- Physiology, College of Medicine, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | - Michael A Ihnat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Cleaved CD44 intracellular domain supports activation of stemness factors and promotes tumorigenesis of breast cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:8709-21. [PMID: 25909162 PMCID: PMC4496178 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CD44 plays a role in the progression of tumors and is expressed in cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, the mechanisms underlying the crosstalk of CD44 with stemness genes in CSC maintenance remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated how the cleaved intracellular domain of CD44 (CD44ICD) activates stemness factors such as Nanog, Sox2 and Oct4, and contributes to the tumorigenesis of breast cancer. We have found that the overexpression of CD44ICD increased mammosphere formation in breast cancer cells. Treatment with a γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI), which blocks the cleavage of CD44ICD, interfered with mammosphere formation. Interestingly, CD44ICD decreased the expression levels and nuclear localization of stemness factors, but overexpression of CD44ICD reversed these effects. In addition, we showed that nuclear localization of CD44ICD is important for transcriptional activation of the stemness factors. Furthermore, CD44ICD-overexpressed cells exhibited strong tumorigenecity and greater metastatic potential than did the control cells or CD44-depleted cells in vivo in mice models. Taken together, it was supposed that CD44 promotes tumorigenesis through the interaction and nuclear-translocation of its intracellular domain and stemness factors. We suggest that the prevention of cleavage and nuclear-translocation of CD44ICD is a potential target in treating breast cancer.
Collapse
|
114
|
Palao-Suay R, Gómez-Mascaraque L, Aguilar M, Vázquez-Lasa B, Román JS. Self-assembling polymer systems for advanced treatment of cancer and inflammation. Prog Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
115
|
Wang S, Zhang J, Wang Y, Chen M. Hyaluronic acid-coated PEI-PLGA nanoparticles mediated co-delivery of doxorubicin and miR-542-3p for triple negative breast cancer therapy. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 12:411-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
116
|
Bozorgi A, Khazaei M, Khazaei MR. New Findings on Breast Cancer Stem Cells: A Review. J Breast Cancer 2015; 18:303-12. [PMID: 26770236 PMCID: PMC4705081 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2015.18.4.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the introduction of the "cancer stem cell" theory, significant developments have been made in the understanding of cancer and the heterogenic structure of tumors. In 2003, with the isolation of cancer stem cells from the first solid tumor, breast cancer, and recognition of the tumorigenicity of these cells, this theory suggested that the main reason for therapy failure might be the presence of cancer stem cells. This review article describes breast cancer stem cell origin, the related cellular and molecular characteristics, signaling pathways, and therapy resistance mechanisms. The databases PubMed, SCOPUS, and Embase were explored, and articles published on these topics between 1992 and 2015 were investigated. It appears that this small subpopulation of cells, with the capacity for self-renewal and a high proliferation rate, originate from normal stem cells, are identified by specific markers such as CD44(+)/CD24(-/low), and enhance a tumor's capacity for metastasis, invasion, and therapy resistance. Cancer stem cell characteristics depend on their interactions with their microenvironment as well as on the inducing factors and elements. Although uncertainties about breast cancer stem cells exist, many of researchers believe that cancer stem cells should be considered as possible therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azam Bozorgi
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rasool Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Ucakturk E, Akman O, Sun X, Baydar DE, Dolgun A, Zhang F, Linhardt RJ. Changes in composition and sulfation patterns of glycoaminoglycans in renal cell carcinoma. Glycoconj J 2015; 33:103-12. [PMID: 26662466 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-015-9643-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are heterogeneous, linear, highly charged, anionic polysaccharides consisting of repeating disaccharides units. GAGs have some biological significance in cancer progression (invasion and metastasis) and cell signaling. In different cancer types, GAGs undergo specific structural changes. In the present study, in depth investigation of changes in sulfation pattern and composition of GAGs, heparan sulfate (HS)/heparin (HP), chondroitin sulfate (CS)/dermatan sulfate and hyaluronan (HA) in normal renal tissue (NRT) and renal cell carcinoma tissue (RCCT) were evaluated. The statistical evaluation showed that alteration of the HS (HSNRT = 415.1 ± 115.3; HSRCCT = 277.5 ± 134.3), and CS (CSNRT = 35.3 ± 12.3; CSRCCT = 166.7 ± 108.8) amounts (in ng/mg dry tissue) were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Sulfation pattern in NRT and RCCT was evaluated to reveal disaccharide profiles. Statistical analyses showed that RCCT samples contain significantly increased amounts (in units of ng/mg dry tissue) of 4SCS (NRT = 25.7 ± 9.4; RCCT = 117.1 ± 73.9), SECS (NRT = 0.7 ± 0.3; RCCT = 4.7 ± 4.5), 6SCS (NRT = 6.1 ± 2.7; RCCT = 39.4 ± 34.7) and significantly decreased amounts (in units of ng/mg dry tissue) of NS6SHS (RCCT = 28.6 ± 6.5, RCCT = 10.2 ± 8.0), NS2SHS (RCCT = 44.2 ± 13.8; RCCT = 27.2 ± 15.0), NSHS (NRT = 68.4 ± 15.8; RCCT = 50.4 ± 21.2), 2S6SHS (NRT = 1.0 ± 0.4; RCCT = 0.4 ± 0.3), and 6SHS (NRT = 60.6 ± 17.5; RCCT = 24.9 ± 12.3). If these changes in GAGs are proven to be specific and sensitive, they may serve as potential biomarkers in RCC. Our findings are likely to help us to show the direction for further investigations to be able to bring different diagnostic and prognostic approaches in renal tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Ucakturk
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100, Sıhhıye, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Orkun Akman
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 06100, Sıhhıye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Xiaojun Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
- Department of Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Dilek Ertoy Baydar
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 06100, Sıhhıye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Anil Dolgun
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100, Sıhhıye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
- Department of Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.
- Department of Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Inoue K, Fry EA. Aberrant Splicing of Estrogen Receptor, HER2, and CD44 Genes in Breast Cancer. GENETICS & EPIGENETICS 2015; 7:19-32. [PMID: 26692764 PMCID: PMC4669075 DOI: 10.4137/geg.s35500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cause of cancer-related death among women under the age of 50 years. Established biomarkers, such as hormone receptors (estrogen receptor [ER]/progesterone receptor) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), play significant roles in the selection of patients for endocrine and trastuzumab therapies. However, the initial treatment response is often followed by tumor relapse with intrinsic resistance to the first-line therapy, so it has been expected to identify novel molecular markers to improve the survival and quality of life of patients. Alternative splicing of pre-messenger RNAs is a ubiquitous and flexible mechanism for the control of gene expression in mammalian cells. It provides cells with the opportunity to create protein isoforms with different, even opposing, functions from a single genomic locus. Aberrant alternative splicing is very common in cancer where emerging tumor cells take advantage of this flexibility to produce proteins that promote cell growth and survival. While a number of splicing alterations have been reported in human cancers, we focus on aberrant splicing of ER, HER2, and CD44 genes from the viewpoint of BC development. ERα36, a splice variant from the ER1 locus, governs nongenomic membrane signaling pathways triggered by estrogen and confers 4-hydroxytamoxifen resistance in BC therapy. The alternative spliced isoform of HER2 lacking exon 20 (Δ16HER2) has been reported in human BC; this isoform is associated with transforming ability than the wild-type HER2 and recapitulates the phenotypes of endocrine therapy-resistant BC. Although both CD44 splice isoforms (CD44s, CD44v) play essential roles in BC development, CD44v is more associated with those with favorable prognosis, such as luminal A subtype, while CD44s is linked to those with poor prognosis, such as HER2 or basal cell subtypes that are often metastatic. Hence, the detection of splice variants from these loci will provide keys to understand the pathogenesis, predict the prognosis, and choose specific therapies for BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazushi Inoue
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Fry
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Gordon N, Skinner AM, Pommier RF, Schillace RV, O'Neill S, Peckham JL, Muller P, Condron ME, Donovan C, Naik A, Hansen J, Pommier SJ. Gene expression signatures of breast cancer stem and progenitor cells do not exhibit features of Warburg metabolism. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:157. [PMID: 26316122 PMCID: PMC4552365 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancers are believed to adapt to continual changes in glucose and oxygen availability by relying almost exclusively on glycolytic metabolism for energy (i.e. the Warburg effect). The process by which breast cancers sustain growth in avascular tissue is thought to be mediated via aberrant hypoxia response with ensuing shifts in glycolytic metabolism. Given their role in initiating and perpetuating tumors, we sought to determine whether breast cancer stem and progenitor cells play an instrumental role in this adaptive metabolic response. METHODS Breast cancer stem/progenitor cells were isolated from invasive ductal carcinomas, and benign stem cells (SC) were isolated from reduction mammoplasty tissues. Relative expression of 33 genes involved in hypoxia and glucose metabolism was evaluated in flow cytometrically isolated stem and progenitor cell populations. Significance between cohorts and cell populations was determined using Student's 2-tailed t test. RESULTS While benign stem/progenitor cells exhibited few significant inter-group differences in expression of genes involved in hypoxia regulation or glucose metabolism, breast cancer stem/progenitor cells demonstrated significant inter-group variability. Breast cancer stem/progenitor cells adapted to microenvironments through changes in stem cell numbers and transcription of glycolytic genes. One of four breast cancer stem/progenitor cells subpopulations exhibited an aerobic glycolysis gene expression signature. This subpopulation comprises the majority of the tumor and therefore best reflects invasive ductal carcinoma tumor biology. Although PI3K/AKT mutations are associated with increased proliferation of breast cancer cells, mutations in breast cancer stem/progenitor cells subpopulations did not correlate with changes in metabolic gene expression. CONCLUSIONS The adaptive capacity of breast cancer stem/progenitor cells may enable tumors to survive variable conditions encountered during progressive stages of cancer growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Gordon
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code L619, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Amy M Skinner
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code L619, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Rodney F Pommier
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code L619, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Robynn V Schillace
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code L619, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Steven O'Neill
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code L619, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Jennifer L Peckham
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code L619, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Patrick Muller
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code L619, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Mary E Condron
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code L619, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Cory Donovan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code L619, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Arpana Naik
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code L619, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Juliana Hansen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - SuEllen J Pommier
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code L619, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Hu B, Luo W, Hu RT, Zhou Y, Qin SY, Jiang HX. Meta-Analysis of Prognostic and Clinical Significance of CD44v6 in Esophageal Cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1238. [PMID: 26252284 PMCID: PMC4616606 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CD44v6 is a cell adhesion molecule that plays an important role in the development and progression of esophageal cancer. However, the prognostic value and clinical significance of CD44v6 in esophageal cancer remains controversial. In the present study, we aimed to clarify these relationships through a meta-analysis.We performed a comprehensive search of studies from PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid library database, Google scholar, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases that were published before June 2015. The odds ratio (OR) and pooled hazard ratio (HR) with the 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate the effects.Twenty-one studies including 1504 patients with esophageal cancer were selected to assess the prognostic value and clinical significance of CD44v6 in these patients. The results showed that the expression of CD44v6 was higher in esophageal cancer tissue than in normal colorectal tissue (OR=9.19, 95% CI=6.30-13.42). Moreover, expression of CD44v6 was higher in patients with lymphoid nodal metastasis, compared to those without (OR=6.91, 95% CI=4.81-9.93). The pooled results showed that CD44v6 was associated with survival in patients with esophageal cancer (HR = 2.47, 95% CI = 1.56-3.92). No significant difference in CD44v6 expression was found in patients with different histological types and tumor stages (both P>0.05). Moreover, no publication bias was found among the studies (all P > 0.05).This meta-analysis demonstrates that CD44v6 is associated with the metastasis of esophageal cancer and a poor prognosis, but is not associated with the histological types and tumor stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bangli Hu
- From the Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China (BH, WL, S-YQ, H-XJ); Minzu Hospital Affiliated of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China (R-TH); and Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland (YZ)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
121
|
Theocharis AD, Skandalis SS, Neill T, Multhaupt HAB, Hubo M, Frey H, Gopal S, Gomes A, Afratis N, Lim HC, Couchman JR, Filmus J, Sanderson RD, Schaefer L, Iozzo RV, Karamanos NK. Insights into the key roles of proteoglycans in breast cancer biology and translational medicine. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2015; 1855:276-300. [PMID: 25829250 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Proteoglycans control numerous normal and pathological processes, among which are morphogenesis, tissue repair, inflammation, vascularization and cancer metastasis. During tumor development and growth, proteoglycan expression is markedly modified in the tumor microenvironment. Altered expression of proteoglycans on tumor and stromal cell membranes affects cancer cell signaling, growth and survival, cell adhesion, migration and angiogenesis. Despite the high complexity and heterogeneity of breast cancer, the rapid evolution in our knowledge that proteoglycans are among the key players in the breast tumor microenvironment suggests their potential as pharmacological targets in this type of cancer. It has been recently suggested that pharmacological treatment may target proteoglycan metabolism, their utilization as targets for immunotherapy or their direct use as therapeutic agents. The diversity inherent in the proteoglycans that will be presented herein provides the potential for multiple layers of regulation of breast tumor behavior. This review summarizes recent developments concerning the biology of selected proteoglycans in breast cancer, and presents potential targeted therapeutic approaches based on their novel key roles in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Achilleas D Theocharis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Spyros S Skandalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Thomas Neill
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Hinke A B Multhaupt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mario Hubo
- University of Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Helena Frey
- University of Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Sandeep Gopal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Angélica Gomes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nikos Afratis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hooi Ching Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John R Couchman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jorge Filmus
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Ralph D Sanderson
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology, UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1720 2nd Ave. S, WTI 602B, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- University of Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Choi GH, Kim GI, Yoo JE, Na DC, Han DH, Roh YH, Park YN, Choi JS. Increased Expression of Circulating Cancer Stem Cell Markers During the Perioperative Period Predicts Early Recurrence After Curative Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2015; 22 Suppl 3:S1444-52. [PMID: 25791790 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-015-4480-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed to investigate the correlation between postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and perioperative expression and dynamic changes in cancer stem cell (CSC) markers in tumors and peripheral blood. METHODS In HCC patients who underwent curative resection (n = 64) or liver transplantation (LT) (n = 17), mRNA levels for K19, EpCAM, and CD44 in peripheral blood and HCC tissues before and after operation were examined using real-time RT-PCR. Postoperative recurrence was analyzed in patients who underwent resection. Study participants were divided into high and low ratio groups, according to the ratio of postoperative to preoperative mRNA levels for each marker. RESULTS K19 and CD44 mRNA levels in HCC tissues were higher in patients with recurrence than those without recurrence (p < 0.05 for all). Preoperative peripheral levels of K19 and EpCAM mRNA were higher in LT patients than in resection patients, and they were also significantly higher in cirrhotic patients of Child-Pugh Class B or C than those of Child-Pugh Class A (p < 0.05 for all). A high ratio of K19 mRNA was associated with lower relapse-free rate. Additionally, a high ratio for both K19 and CD44 mRNA was an independent poor prognostic factor for relapse-free survival (hazard ratio = 3.382, p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS Preoperative peripheral levels of K19 and EpCAM mRNA were influenced by background liver status and HCC. Additionally, the ratio of postoperative to preoperative mRNA levels for CSC markers, especially K19 and CD44, was shown to be important to predict HCC recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gi Hong Choi
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Cancer Special Clinic, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gwang Il Kim
- Department of Pathology and Integrated Genomic Research Center for Metabolic Regulation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Yoo
- Department of Pathology and Integrated Genomic Research Center for Metabolic Regulation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Deuk Chae Na
- Department of Pathology and Integrated Genomic Research Center for Metabolic Regulation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dai Hoon Han
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Cancer Special Clinic, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Ho Roh
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Nyun Park
- Department of Pathology and Integrated Genomic Research Center for Metabolic Regulation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. .,BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. .,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jin Sub Choi
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Korea. .,Yonsei Liver Cancer Special Clinic, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Birzele F, Voss E, Nopora A, Honold K, Heil F, Lohmann S, Verheul H, Le Tourneau C, Delord JP, van Herpen C, Mahalingam D, Coveler AL, Meresse V, Weigand S, Runza V, Cannarile M. CD44 Isoform Status Predicts Response to Treatment with Anti-CD44 Antibody in Cancer Patients. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:2753-62. [PMID: 25762343 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-2141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE CD44, a cell surface glycoprotein, plays important roles in the development, progression, and metastasis of various tumor types. The aim of this study was to investigate how the expression of CD44 isoforms influences the interaction with hyaluronic acid (HA) and how differential isoform expression impacts antitumoral responses in vivo to treatment with RG7356, a humanized anti-CD44 antibody inhibiting CD44-HA interaction. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN CD44 isoform expression on various tumor cell lines was analyzed by RNASeq while data on patients with different tumor types were obtained from the publicly available TCGA RNASeq dataset as well as a phase I clinical study (NCT01358903). We analyzed the link between HA production and CD44 isoform expression as well as the consequences of blocking the CD44-mediated cell adhesion to HA using RG7356. The correlation between CD44 isoform expression and antitumor response to RG7356 treatment was investigated in the corresponding murine xenograft in vivo models as well as in a subset of patients treated with RG7356 from a recently completed phase I clinical trial. RESULTS CD44 isoform expression, in particular expression of CD44s, is associated with HA production and predicts response to treatment with RG7356 in tumor xenograft models. Furthermore, patient data suggest that CD44 isoform status is a potential predictive biomarker for clinical response to treatment with RG7356. CONCLUSIONS We provide new insights into the close interplay between CD44 and HA and a potential biomarker to enrich patient responses to RG7356 in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Birzele
- Roche Innovation Center Penzberg, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Penzberg, Germany.
| | - Edgar Voss
- Roche Innovation Center Penzberg, Oncology Division, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Adam Nopora
- Roche Innovation Center Penzberg, Oncology Division, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Konrad Honold
- Roche Innovation Center Penzberg, Oncology Division, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Florian Heil
- Roche Innovation Center Penzberg, Oncology Division, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Lohmann
- Roche Innovation Center Penzberg, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Henk Verheul
- VU MEDISCH CENTRUM, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Carla van Herpen
- UMC St Radboud, Medical Oncology Department, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Valerie Meresse
- Roche innovation Center Basel, Oncology Division, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Weigand
- Roche Innovation Center Penzberg, Large Molecule Research, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Valeria Runza
- Roche Innovation Center Penzberg, Oncology Division, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Michael Cannarile
- Roche Innovation Center Penzberg, Oncology Division, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Penzberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Inhibition of adhesion, proliferation, and invasion of primary endometriosis and endometrial stromal and ovarian carcinoma cells by a nonhyaluronan adhesion barrier gel. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:450468. [PMID: 25785270 PMCID: PMC4345068 DOI: 10.1155/2015/450468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic disease of women in the reproductive age, defined as endometrial cells growing outside of the uterine cavity and associated with relapses. Relapses are hypothesized to correlate with incomplete surgical excision or result from nonrandom implantation of new endometrial implants in adjacent peritoneum. Thus, surgical excision could lead to free endometriotic cells or tissue residues, which readhere, grow, and invade into recurrent lesions. Barrier agents are frequently used to prevent postoperative adhesions. We tested if the absorbable cell adhesion barrier gel Intercoat consisting of polyethylene oxide and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose could inhibit cellular adhesion, proliferation, and invasion of primary endometriosis and endometrial cells. Due to an association of endometriosis with ovarian carcinoma, we tested two ovarian carcinoma cell lines. Prior to cell seeding, a drop of the barrier gel was placed in cell culture wells in order to test inhibition of adherence and proliferation or coated over a polymerized collagen gel to assay for prevention of invasion. Results showed that the barrier gel significantly inhibited cell adherence, proliferation, and invasion of endometriosis and endometrial stromal cells as well as ovarian carcinoma cells in culture. Our findings could help to prevent local cell growth/invasion and possible consequent recurrences.
Collapse
|
125
|
Delcourt N, Quevedo C, Nonne C, Fons P, O'Brien D, Loyaux D, Diez M, Autelitano F, Guillemot JC, Ferrara P, Muriana A, Callol C, Hérault JP, Herbert JM, Favre G, Bono F. Targeted identification of sialoglycoproteins in hypoxic endothelial cells and validation in zebrafish reveal roles for proteins in angiogenesis. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:3405-17. [PMID: 25384978 PMCID: PMC4319010 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.618611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of new vessels in the tumor, termed angiogenesis, is essential for primary tumor growth and facilitates tumor invasion and metastasis. Hypoxia has been described as one trigger of angiogenesis. Indeed, hypoxia, which is characterized by areas of low oxygen levels, is a hallmark of solid tumors arising from an imbalance between oxygen delivery and consumption. Hypoxic conditions have profound effects on the different components of the tumoral environment. For example, hypoxia is able to activate endothelial cells, leading to angiogenesis but also thereby initiating a cascade of reactions involving neutrophils, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts. In addition, hypoxia directly regulates the expression of many genes for which the role and the importance in the tumoral environment remain to be completely elucidated. In this study, we used a method to selectively label sialoglycoproteins to identify new membrane and secreted proteins involved in the adaptative process of endothelial cells by mass spectrometry-based proteomics. We used an in vitro assay under hypoxic condition to observe an increase of protein expression or modifications of glycosylation. Then the function of the identified proteins was assessed in a vasculogenesis assay in vivo by using a morpholino strategy in zebrafish. First, our approach was validated by the identification of sialoglycoproteins such as CD105, neuropilin-1, and CLEC14A, which have already been described as playing key roles in angiogenesis. Second, we identified several new proteins regulated by hypoxia and demonstrated for the first time the pivotal role of GLUT-1, TMEM16F, and SDF4 in angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Delcourt
- From Sanofi Research and Development, 195 route d'Espagne, 31000 Toulouse, France, Centre de recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERM UMR1037, Université de Toulouse, 20-24 rue du pont Saint-Pierre, 31057 Toulouse, France
| | - Celia Quevedo
- Biobide, S. L., Paseo Mikeletegi 58, 20009 San Sebastián-Donostia, Spain, and BBD-BioPhenix S. L.-Bionaturis group, Paseo Mikeletegi 56, 20009 San Sebastián-Donostia, Spain
| | - Christelle Nonne
- From Sanofi Research and Development, 195 route d'Espagne, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Fons
- From Sanofi Research and Development, 195 route d'Espagne, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Donogh O'Brien
- Donogh O'Brien BioConsulting, Les Poirioux, 18310 St. Outrille, France
| | - Denis Loyaux
- From Sanofi Research and Development, 195 route d'Espagne, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Maria Diez
- Biobide, S. L., Paseo Mikeletegi 58, 20009 San Sebastián-Donostia, Spain, and
| | - François Autelitano
- From Sanofi Research and Development, 195 route d'Espagne, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Pascual Ferrara
- From Sanofi Research and Development, 195 route d'Espagne, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Arantza Muriana
- BBD-BioPhenix S. L.-Bionaturis group, Paseo Mikeletegi 56, 20009 San Sebastián-Donostia, Spain
| | - Carlos Callol
- Biobide, S. L., Paseo Mikeletegi 58, 20009 San Sebastián-Donostia, Spain, and
| | - Jean-Pascal Hérault
- From Sanofi Research and Development, 195 route d'Espagne, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Marc Herbert
- From Sanofi Research and Development, 195 route d'Espagne, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Gilles Favre
- Centre de recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERM UMR1037, Université de Toulouse, 20-24 rue du pont Saint-Pierre, 31057 Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Bono
- From Sanofi Research and Development, 195 route d'Espagne, 31000 Toulouse, France,
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Stivarou T, Patsavoudi E. Extracellular molecules involved in cancer cell invasion. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:238-65. [PMID: 25629807 PMCID: PMC4381257 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7010238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays it is perfectly clear that understanding and eradicating cancer cell invasion and metastasis represent the crucial, definitive points in cancer therapeutics. During the last two decades there has been a great interest in the understanding of the extracellular molecular mechanisms involved in cancer cell invasion. In this review, we highlight the findings concerning these processes, focusing in particular on extracellular molecules, including extracellular matrix proteins and their receptors, growth factors and their receptors, matrix metalloproteinases and extracellular chaperones. We report the molecular mechanisms underlying the important contribution of this pool of molecules to the complex, multi-step phenomenon of cancer cell invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Stivarou
- Department of Biochemistry, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens 11521, Greece
| | | |
Collapse
|
127
|
Chen D, Sun J, Sun K, Liu W, Wu Z. In vivo evaluation of novel ketal-based oligosaccharides of hyaluronan micelles as multifunctional CD44 receptor-targeting and tumor pH-responsive carriers. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 44:898-902. [DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2014.998828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
128
|
Tiainen S, Tumelius R, Rilla K, Hämäläinen K, Tammi M, Tammi R, Kosma VM, Oikari S, Auvinen P. High numbers of macrophages, especially M2-like (CD163-positive), correlate with hyaluronan accumulation and poor outcome in breast cancer. Histopathology 2015; 66:873-83. [PMID: 25387851 DOI: 10.1111/his.12607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS High amounts of tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) and hyaluronan (HA) correlate with tumour aggressiveness in breast cancer, but the relationship between these parameters is unclear. The aim of this study was to assay the numbers of TAMs in 278 human breast cancer cases, and their correlations with HA-related factors, clinical variables, and outcome. METHODS AND RESULTS The immunoreactivities for CD163 and CD68 were considered as indicators for M2-like and all TAMs, respectively. The numbers of TAMs were counted in at least four hot spots, and averaged to represent the numbers of TAMs in each section. In the statistical analyses, the numbers were graded as either low or high according to the median. High numbers of TAMs correlated with a high tumour HA content, HA synthases, CD44 positivity, and poor outcome. The number of CD163-positive cells represented a strong independent prognostic factor. There was also a significant correlation between obesity and a high number of CD163-positive cells. CONCLUSIONS Concurrent increases in TAMs and HA in breast cancer indicate that the accumulation of HA facilitates macrophage infiltration and inflammatory responses during human breast cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satu Tiainen
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Centre, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
129
|
Scully OJ, Yu Y, Salim A, Thike AA, Yip GWC, Baeg GH, Tan PH, Matsumoto K, Bay BH. Complement component 1, q subcomponent binding protein is a marker for proliferation in breast cancer. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 240:846-53. [PMID: 25573962 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214565075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Complement component 1, q subcomponent binding protein (C1QBP), is a multi-compartmental protein with higher mRNA expression reported in breast cancer tissues. This study evaluated the association between immunohistochemical expression of the C1QBP protein in breast cancer tissue microarrays (TMAs) and clinicopathological parameters, in particular tumor size. In addition, an in vitro study was conducted to substantiate the breast cancer TMA findings. Breast cancer TMAs were constructed from pathological specimens of patients diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma. C1QBP protein and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemical analyses were subsequently performed in the TMAs. C1QBP immunostaining was detected in 131 out of 132 samples examined. The C1QBP protein was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm of the breast cancer cells. Univariate analysis revealed that a higher C1QBP protein expression was significantly associated with older patients (P = 0.001) and increased tumor size (P = 0.002). Multivariate analysis showed that C1QBP is an independent predictor of tumor size in progesterone-positive tumors. Furthermore, C1QBP was also significantly correlated with expression of PCNA, a known marker of proliferation. Inhibition of C1QBP expression was performed by transfecting C1QBP siRNA into T47D breast cancer cells, a progesterone receptor-positive breast cancer cell line. C1QBP gene expression was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR, and protein expression by Western blot. Cell proliferation assays were also performed by commercially available assays. Down-regulation of C1QBP expression significantly decreased cell proliferation and growth in T47D cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that the C1QBP protein could be a potential proliferative marker in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Jane Scully
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
| | - Yingnan Yu
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
| | - Agus Salim
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Aye Aye Thike
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - George Wai-Cheong Yip
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
| | - Gyeong Hun Baeg
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
| | - Puay-Hoon Tan
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Ken Matsumoto
- Chemical Genetics Laboratory, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Boon Huat Bay
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Achmad N, Götte M. Characteristics and Therapeutic Potential of Menstrual Blood-Derived Stem Cells. Regen Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-6542-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
|
131
|
Oncologic outcome with use of sodium hyaluronate-carboxymethylcellulose barrier in gastric cancer. Int Surg 2014; 98:271-6. [PMID: 23971783 DOI: 10.9738/intsurg-d-13-00025.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan is a component of an anti-adhesive barrier and has been implicated in tumor growth and metastasis. We aimed to determine whether this anti-adhesive barrier was associated with rates of postoperative complications and duration of survival in patients with gastric cancer. We identified 415 consecutive patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy. Information about patients' demographics, medical history, surgical procedures, postoperative complications, disease stage, histology, and survival was collected from medical records. One hundred and ninety-six patients received intraoperative placement of an anti-adhesive barrier composed of hyaluronan-carboxymethylcellulose (HA-CMC) (HA-CMC group), and 219 did not (control group). The incidence of postoperative complications was significantly increased in the control group (22.8%) compared with the HA-CMC group (13.3%). However, there was no significant difference in overall survival between the HA-CMC and control groups. Our study suggests that the anti-adhesive barrier does not affect oncologic outcome, nor does it increase postoperative complications in patients undergoing surgery for gastric cancer.
Collapse
|
132
|
Jhan HJ, Liu JJ, Chen YC, Liu DZ, Sheu MT, Ho HO. Novel injectable thermosensitive hydrogels for delivering hyaluronic acid-doxorubicin nanocomplexes to locally treat tumors. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014; 10:1263-74. [PMID: 25479463 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM A thermosensitive injectable hydrogel composed of nanocomplexes of doxorubicin and hyaluronic acid (HA) for the local treatment of cancer diseases was developed and characterized. MATERIALS & METHODS It was found that the addition of a divalent metal ion of Mg (MgCl2) was required to properly form HA-doxorubicin nanocomplexes, which were mixed with Pluronic® F127 (BASF, Germany) to form thermosensitive injectable hydrogels. RESULTS The DH700KMF-15 hydrogel resulted in efficient growth inhibition of C26 colon cancer cells and it selectively targeted the lymphatic system by the specific affinity of HA to the lymphatic system in vivo. CONCLUSION The optimal formulations of DH700KMF-15 can increase the therapeutic efficacy of the local treatment of cancer with the potential for lymphotropic targeting to inhibit metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Jing Jhan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
133
|
Ricciuti B, Mecca C, Crinò L, Baglivo S, Cenci M, Metro G. Non-coding RNAs in lung cancer. Oncoscience 2014; 1:674-705. [PMID: 25593996 PMCID: PMC4278269 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery that protein-coding genes represent less than 2% of all human genome, and the evidence that more than 90% of it is actively transcribed, changed the classical point of view of the central dogma of molecular biology, which was always based on the assumption that RNA functions mainly as an intermediate bridge between DNA sequences and protein synthesis machinery. Accumulating data indicates that non-coding RNAs are involved in different physiological processes, providing for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. They are important regulators of gene expression, cellular differentiation, proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and stem cell maintenance. Alterations and disruptions of their expression or activity have increasingly been associated with pathological changes of cancer cells, this evidence and the prospect of using these molecules as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets, make currently non-coding RNAs among the most relevant molecules in cancer research. In this paper we will provide an overview of non-coding RNA function and disruption in lung cancer biology, also focusing on their potential as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biagio Ricciuti
- Medical Oncology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Lucio Crinò
- Medical Oncology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Sara Baglivo
- Medical Oncology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Matteo Cenci
- Medical Oncology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giulio Metro
- Medical Oncology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Ibrahim SA, Hassan H, Götte M. MicroRNA regulation of proteoglycan function in cancer. FEBS J 2014; 281:5009-22. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sherif A. Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology; Faculty of Science; Cairo University; Giza Egypt
| | - Hebatallah Hassan
- Department of Zoology; Faculty of Science; Cairo University; Giza Egypt
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics; Münster University Hospital; Germany
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Jilaveanu LB, Parisi F, Barr ML, Zito CR, Cruz-Munoz W, Kerbel RS, Rimm DL, Bosenberg MW, Halaban R, Kluger Y, Kluger HM. PLEKHA5 as a Biomarker and Potential Mediator of Melanoma Brain Metastasis. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 21:2138-47. [PMID: 25316811 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Approximately 40% of patients with metastatic melanoma develop brain metastases. Our purpose was to identify genes aberrantly expressed in melanoma that might be associated with propensity for brain homing. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We studied gene expression profiles in a cell line model of brain metastasis (cerebrotropic A375Br cells vs. parental A375P cells) and compared them with profiles of patients who developed early brain metastases and who did not. A tissue microarray containing 169 metastatic melanoma cases with variable time to brain metastasis was constructed to further study marker expression by quantitative immunofluorescence. An in vitro model of the blood brain barrier (BBB) was generated to evaluate potential mediators of brain metastases. RESULTS PLEKHA5 was differentially expressed in both the A375 cell line model and patient samples subjected to gene expression profiling. At the protein level, by quantitative immunofluorescence, PLEKHA5 was associated with decreased brain metastasis-free survival. PLEKHA5 overexpression was not associated with other metastatic sites. Knockdown of PLEKHA5 decreases the viability of A375Br cells, inhibits BBB transmigration and invasion in vitro. Similar results were found with YUMUL cells, cultured from a patient with overwhelming brain metastases. PLEKHA5 knockdown did not affect the viability of A375P cells. CONCLUSIONS PLEKHA5 expression in melanoma tumors was associated with early development of brain metastases. Inhibition of PLEKHA5 might decrease passage across the BBB and decrease proliferation and survival of melanoma cells both in the brain and in extracerebral sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia B Jilaveanu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Fabio Parisi
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Meaghan L Barr
- Department of Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Christopher R Zito
- Department of Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut. Department of Biology, School of Health and Natural Sciences, University of Saint Joseph, West Hartford, Connecticut
| | - William Cruz-Munoz
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Biological Sciences Platform, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert S Kerbel
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Biological Sciences Platform, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David L Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Marcus W Bosenberg
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ruth Halaban
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yuval Kluger
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Harriet M Kluger
- Department of Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
He DX, Gu XT, Li YR, Jiang L, Jin J, Ma X. Methylation-regulated miR-149 modulates chemoresistance by targeting GlcNAc N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase-1 in human breast cancer. FEBS J 2014; 281:4718-30. [PMID: 25156775 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of microRNA is strongly implicated in the chemoresistance of cancer. In this study, we found that miR-149 was downregulated and involved in chemoresistance in adriamycin (ADM)-resistant human breast cancer cells (MCF-7/ADM). Downregulation of miR-149 was related to hypermethylation of its 5'-UTR; this methylation also affected the expression of the glypican 1 gene, which is both the host and the target gene of miR-149. Furthermore, we found that miR-149 modulated chemoresistance through targeting the expression of GlcNAc N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase-1 (NDST1). With downregulated miR-149, NDST1 expression was increased in chemoresistant MCF-7/ADM cells versus control MCF-7 wild-type cells. The increased NDST1 then activated a heparan sulfate-related pathway involving activation of heparanase. Finally, expression of miR-149 and NDST1 was confirmed in clinical chemoresistant samples of breast cancers receiving anthracycline/taxane-based chemotherapies. The high expression of NDST1 was also an unfavorable predictor for distant relapse-free survival in Her2 and basal breast cancers. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that miR-149 is regulated by methylation, and is a modulator of cancer chemoresistance by targeting NDST1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xu He
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
137
|
Kim S, Kil WH, Lee J, Oh SJ, Han J, Jeon M, Jung T, Lee SK, Bae SY, Lee HC, Lee JH, Yi HW, Kim SW, Nam SJ, Lee JE. Zerumbone suppresses EGF-induced CD44 expression through the inhibition of STAT3 in breast cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:2666-72. [PMID: 25269647 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of the CD44 gene is upregulated in breast cancer cells and is correlated with patient survival. Aberrant CD44 expression promotes tumor progression and metastasis. In the present study, we investigated the role of zerumbone (ZER) on regulatory mechanisms of CD44 expression in breast cancer cells. Our results showed that CD44 expression was significantly increased by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands in SKBR3 breast cancer cells. In contrast, EGF-induced CD44 expression was decreased by a MEK1/2 inhibitor, UO126, or STAT3 inhibitor, STAT3 VI, respectively. Notably, ZER downregulated the basal level of CD44 expression in CD44+ breast cancer cells. In addition, the induction of CD44 expression by EGFR ligands, EGF or TGF-α, was markedly decreased by ZER treatment. Finally, we investigated the inhibitory mechanism of ZER on EGF-induced CD44 expression. Our results showed that EGF-induced phosphorylation of STAT3 was completely suppressed by ZER. Collectively, ZER suppressed EGF-induced CD44 expression through inhibition of the STAT3 pathway. Therefore, we suggested that ZER may act as a promising therapeutic drug for the treatment of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangmin Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Ho Kil
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmin Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Oh
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghun Han
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongjin Jeon
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewoo Jung
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Kyung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Youn Bae
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Chul Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Woo Yi
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Won Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Jin Nam
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eon Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Abstract
Dr. Tuveson and colleagues provide a comprehensive review on the fundamental role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in shaping the tumor microenvironment and promoting tumor initiation and progression. Fibroblasts regulate the structure and function of healthy tissues, participate transiently in tissue repair after acute inflammation, and assume an aberrant stimulatory role during chronic inflammatory states including cancer. Such cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) modulate the tumor microenvironment and influence the behavior of neoplastic cells in either a tumor-promoting or tumor-inhibiting manner. These pleiotropic functions highlight the inherent plasticity of fibroblasts and may provide new avenues to understand and therapeutically intervene in malignancies. We discuss the emerging themes of CAF biology in the context of tumorigenesis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Öhlund
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - Ela Elyada
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - David Tuveson
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Zhang H, Huang S, Yang X, Zhai G. Current research on hyaluronic acid-drug bioconjugates. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 86:310-7. [PMID: 25173850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.08.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a mucopolysaccharide acid composed of repeating disaccharide units of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Based on numerous characteristics such as viscoelastic properties, water-binding ability, biocompatibility and non-immunogenicity, HA has been approved by FDA for biological and medical applications. In addition, multifarious receptors of HA like CD44, RHAMM and TSG6 are over-expressed on the surface of malignant cells, which play important roles in targeting ability. Bioconjugates linking drugs to HA could improve solubility, prolong half-life, provide active targeting capability and then increase the bioavailability of these coupled drugs by pro-drug strategy. Therefore, a large number of HA-drug bioconjugates have been studied. The purpose of this review was to summarize these HA-drug bioconjugates and further discuss synthetic methods and the relevant application in pharmaceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiqun Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xilu, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Siling Huang
- Bloomage Freda Biopharm Co., Ltd., Jinan 250101, China
| | - Xiaoye Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xilu, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Guangxi Zhai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xilu, Jinan 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Abstract
Fibroblasts regulate the structure and function of healthy tissues, participate transiently in tissue repair after acute inflammation, and assume an aberrant stimulatory role during chronic inflammatory states including cancer. Such cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) modulate the tumor microenvironment and influence the behavior of neoplastic cells in either a tumor-promoting or tumor-inhibiting manner. These pleiotropic functions highlight the inherent plasticity of fibroblasts and may provide new avenues to understand and therapeutically intervene in malignancies. We discuss the emerging themes of CAF biology in the context of tumorigenesis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Öhlund
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - Ela Elyada
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - David Tuveson
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Abstract
Fibroblasts regulate the structure and function of healthy tissues, participate transiently in tissue repair after acute inflammation, and assume an aberrant stimulatory role during chronic inflammatory states including cancer. Such cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) modulate the tumor microenvironment and influence the behavior of neoplastic cells in either a tumor-promoting or tumor-inhibiting manner. These pleiotropic functions highlight the inherent plasticity of fibroblasts and may provide new avenues to understand and therapeutically intervene in malignancies. We discuss the emerging themes of CAF biology in the context of tumorigenesis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Öhlund
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - Ela Elyada
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - David Tuveson
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Abstract
Fibroblasts regulate the structure and function of healthy tissues, participate transiently in tissue repair after acute inflammation, and assume an aberrant stimulatory role during chronic inflammatory states including cancer. Such cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) modulate the tumor microenvironment and influence the behavior of neoplastic cells in either a tumor-promoting or tumor-inhibiting manner. These pleiotropic functions highlight the inherent plasticity of fibroblasts and may provide new avenues to understand and therapeutically intervene in malignancies. We discuss the emerging themes of CAF biology in the context of tumorigenesis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Öhlund
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - Ela Elyada
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - David Tuveson
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Abstract
Fibroblasts regulate the structure and function of healthy tissues, participate transiently in tissue repair after acute inflammation, and assume an aberrant stimulatory role during chronic inflammatory states including cancer. Such cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) modulate the tumor microenvironment and influence the behavior of neoplastic cells in either a tumor-promoting or tumor-inhibiting manner. These pleiotropic functions highlight the inherent plasticity of fibroblasts and may provide new avenues to understand and therapeutically intervene in malignancies. We discuss the emerging themes of CAF biology in the context of tumorigenesis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Öhlund
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - Ela Elyada
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - David Tuveson
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Abstract
Fibroblasts regulate the structure and function of healthy tissues, participate transiently in tissue repair after acute inflammation, and assume an aberrant stimulatory role during chronic inflammatory states including cancer. Such cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) modulate the tumor microenvironment and influence the behavior of neoplastic cells in either a tumor-promoting or tumor-inhibiting manner. These pleiotropic functions highlight the inherent plasticity of fibroblasts and may provide new avenues to understand and therapeutically intervene in malignancies. We discuss the emerging themes of CAF biology in the context of tumorigenesis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Öhlund
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - Ela Elyada
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - David Tuveson
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Öhlund D, Elyada E, Tuveson D. Fibroblast heterogeneity in the cancer wound. J Exp Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1084/jem.20140692 order by 1-- dyrj] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts regulate the structure and function of healthy tissues, participate transiently in tissue repair after acute inflammation, and assume an aberrant stimulatory role during chronic inflammatory states including cancer. Such cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) modulate the tumor microenvironment and influence the behavior of neoplastic cells in either a tumor-promoting or tumor-inhibiting manner. These pleiotropic functions highlight the inherent plasticity of fibroblasts and may provide new avenues to understand and therapeutically intervene in malignancies. We discuss the emerging themes of CAF biology in the context of tumorigenesis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Öhlund
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - Ela Elyada
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - David Tuveson
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Abstract
Fibroblasts regulate the structure and function of healthy tissues, participate transiently in tissue repair after acute inflammation, and assume an aberrant stimulatory role during chronic inflammatory states including cancer. Such cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) modulate the tumor microenvironment and influence the behavior of neoplastic cells in either a tumor-promoting or tumor-inhibiting manner. These pleiotropic functions highlight the inherent plasticity of fibroblasts and may provide new avenues to understand and therapeutically intervene in malignancies. We discuss the emerging themes of CAF biology in the context of tumorigenesis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Öhlund
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - Ela Elyada
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - David Tuveson
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Abstract
Fibroblasts regulate the structure and function of healthy tissues, participate transiently in tissue repair after acute inflammation, and assume an aberrant stimulatory role during chronic inflammatory states including cancer. Such cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) modulate the tumor microenvironment and influence the behavior of neoplastic cells in either a tumor-promoting or tumor-inhibiting manner. These pleiotropic functions highlight the inherent plasticity of fibroblasts and may provide new avenues to understand and therapeutically intervene in malignancies. We discuss the emerging themes of CAF biology in the context of tumorigenesis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Öhlund
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - Ela Elyada
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - David Tuveson
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Abstract
Fibroblasts regulate the structure and function of healthy tissues, participate transiently in tissue repair after acute inflammation, and assume an aberrant stimulatory role during chronic inflammatory states including cancer. Such cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) modulate the tumor microenvironment and influence the behavior of neoplastic cells in either a tumor-promoting or tumor-inhibiting manner. These pleiotropic functions highlight the inherent plasticity of fibroblasts and may provide new avenues to understand and therapeutically intervene in malignancies. We discuss the emerging themes of CAF biology in the context of tumorigenesis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Öhlund
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - Ela Elyada
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - David Tuveson
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Abstract
Fibroblasts regulate the structure and function of healthy tissues, participate transiently in tissue repair after acute inflammation, and assume an aberrant stimulatory role during chronic inflammatory states including cancer. Such cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) modulate the tumor microenvironment and influence the behavior of neoplastic cells in either a tumor-promoting or tumor-inhibiting manner. These pleiotropic functions highlight the inherent plasticity of fibroblasts and may provide new avenues to understand and therapeutically intervene in malignancies. We discuss the emerging themes of CAF biology in the context of tumorigenesis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Öhlund
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - Ela Elyada
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - David Tuveson
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Öhlund D, Elyada E, Tuveson D. Fibroblast heterogeneity in the cancer wound. J Exp Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1084/jem.20140692 order by 1#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts regulate the structure and function of healthy tissues, participate transiently in tissue repair after acute inflammation, and assume an aberrant stimulatory role during chronic inflammatory states including cancer. Such cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) modulate the tumor microenvironment and influence the behavior of neoplastic cells in either a tumor-promoting or tumor-inhibiting manner. These pleiotropic functions highlight the inherent plasticity of fibroblasts and may provide new avenues to understand and therapeutically intervene in malignancies. We discuss the emerging themes of CAF biology in the context of tumorigenesis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Öhlund
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - Ela Elyada
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| | - David Tuveson
- D. Öhlund, E. Elyada, and D. Tuveson are at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724
| |
Collapse
|