101
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Benor G, Fuks G, Chin S, Rueda OM, Mukherjee S, Arandkar S, Aylon Y, Caldas C, Domany E, Oren M. Transcriptional profiling reveals a subset of human breast tumors that retain wt TP53 but display mutant p53-associated features. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:1640-1652. [PMID: 32484602 PMCID: PMC7400784 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
TP53 gene mutations are very common in human cancer. While such mutations abrogate the tumor suppressive activities of the wild-type (wt) p53 protein, some of them also endow the mutant (mut) protein with oncogenic gain of function (GOF), facilitating cancer progression. Yet, p53 may acquire altered functionality even without being mutated; in particular, experiments with cultured cells revealed that wtp53 can be rewired to adopt mut-like features in response to growth factors or cancer-mimicking genetic manipulations. To assess whether such rewiring also occurs in human tumors, we interrogated gene expression profiles and pathway deregulation patterns in the METABRIC breast cancer (BC) dataset as a function of TP53 gene mutation status. Harnessing the power of machine learning, we optimized a gene expression classifier for ER+Her2- patients that distinguishes tumors carrying TP53 mutations from those retaining wt TP53. Interestingly, a small subset of wt TP53 tumors displayed gene expression and pathway deregulation patterns markedly similar to those of TP53-mutated tumors. Moreover, similar to TP53-mutated tumors, these 'pseudomutant' cases displayed a signature for enhanced proliferation and had worse prognosis than typical wtp53 tumors. Notably, these tumors revealed upregulation of genes which, in BC cell lines, were reported to be positively regulated by p53 GOF mutants. Thus, such tumors may benefit from mut p53-associated activities without having to accrue TP53 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gal Benor
- Department of Physics of Complex SystemsThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Garold Fuks
- Department of Physics of Complex SystemsThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Suet‐Feung Chin
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of OncologyLi Ka Shing CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Oscar M. Rueda
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of OncologyLi Ka Shing CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Saptaparna Mukherjee
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Sharathchandra Arandkar
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC)Tata Memorial CentreKhargharIndia
| | - Yael Aylon
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of OncologyLi Ka Shing CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Eytan Domany
- Department of Physics of Complex SystemsThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Moshe Oren
- Department of Molecular Cell BiologyThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
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102
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Park S, Lee E, Park S, Lee S, Nam SJ, Kim SW, Lee JE, Yu JH, Kim JY, Ahn JS, Im YH, Park WY, Park K, Park YH. Clinical Characteristics and Exploratory Genomic Analyses of Germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 Mutations in Breast Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:1315-1325. [PMID: 32554602 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
gBRCA1/2 mutations increase the incidence of breast cancer by interrupting the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway. Although gBRCA1 and gBRCA2 breast cancer have similar clinical profiles, different molecular characteristics have been observed. In this study, we conducted comprehensive genomic analyses and compared gBRCA1/2 breast cancer. Sanger sequencing to identify gBRCA1/2 mutations was conducted in 2,720 patients, and gBRCA1 (n = 128) and gBRCA2 (n = 126) mutations were analyzed. Within this population, deep target sequencing and matched whole-transcriptome sequencing (WTS) results were available for 46 and 34 patients, respectively. An internal database of patients with breast cancer with wild-type gBRCA was used to compile a target sequencing (n = 195) and WTS (n = 137) reference dataset. Three specific mutation sites, p.Y130X (n = 14) and p.1210Afs (n = 13) in gBRCA1 and p.R294X (n = 22) in gBRCA2, were comparably frequent. IHC subtyping determined that the incidence of triple-negative breast cancer was higher among those with a gBRCA1 mutation (71.9%), and estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer was dominant in those with a gBRCA2 mutation (76.2%). gBRCA1/2 mutations were mutually exclusive with PIK3CA somatic mutations (P < 0.05), and gBRCA1 frequently cooccurred with TP53 somatic mutations (P < 0.05). The median tumor mutation burden was 6.53 per megabase (MB) in gBRCA1 and 6.44 per MB in gBRCA2. The expression of AR, ESR1, and PGR was significantly upregulated with gBRCA2 mutation compared with gBRCA1 mutation. gBRCA1 and gBRCA2 breast cancer have similar clinical characteristics, but they have different molecular subtypes, coaltered somatic mutations, and gene expression patterns. IMPLICATIONS: Even though gBRCA1 and gBRCA2 mutations both alter HRR pathways, our results suggest that they generate different molecular characteristics and different mechanisms of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehhoon Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Eunjin Lee
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Seri Park
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Sohee Lee
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Seok Jin Nam
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Seok Won Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Jeong Eon Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Jong-Han Yu
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Kim
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Jin Seok Ahn
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Young-Hyuck Im
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Kyunghee Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea.
| | - Yeon Hee Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea. .,Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
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103
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Ling B, Huang Z, Huang S, Qian L, Li G, Tang Q. Microenvironment Analysis of Prognosis and Molecular Signature of Immune-Related Genes in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Oncol Res 2020; 28:561-578. [PMID: 32471520 PMCID: PMC7962936 DOI: 10.3727/096504020x15907428281601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence on the clinical significance of tumor microenvironment (TME) cells in predicting prognosis and therapeutic effects. However, cell interactions in tumor microenvironments have not been thoroughly studied or systematically analyzed so far. In this study, 22 immune cell components in the lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) TME were analyzed using gene expression profile from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The TME-based molecular subtypes of LUAD were defined to evaluate further the relationship between molecular subtypes, prognosis, and clinical characteristics. A TME risk score model was constructed by using the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of molecular subtypes. The relationship between the TME score and clinical characteristics and genomic mutations was compared to identify the genes that have significant associations with the TME. The comprehensive analysis of the TME characteristics may be helpful in revealing the response of LUAD patients to immunotherapy, providing a new strategy for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ling
- Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaise, GuangxiP.R. China
| | - Zuliang Huang
- Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaise, GuangxiP.R. China
| | - Suoyi Huang
- Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaise, GuangxiP.R. China
| | - Li Qian
- Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaise, GuangxiP.R. China
| | - Genliang Li
- Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaise, GuangxiP.R. China
| | - Qianli Tang
- Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaise, GuangxiP.R. China
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104
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Bharucha PP, Chiu KE, François FM, Scott JL, Khorjekar GR, Tirada NP. Genetic Testing and Screening Recommendations for Patients with Hereditary Breast Cancer. Radiographics 2020; 40:913-936. [PMID: 32469631 DOI: 10.1148/rg.2020190181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Professionals who specialize in breast imaging may be the first to initiate the conversation about genetic counseling with patients who have a diagnosis of premenopausal breast cancer or a strong family history of breast and ovarian cancer. Commercial genetic testing panels have gained popularity and have become more affordable in recent years. Therefore, it is imperative for radiologists to be able to provide counseling and to identify those patients who should be referred for genetic testing. The authors review the process of genetic counseling and the associated screening recommendations for patients at high and moderate risk. Ultimately, genetic test results enable appropriate patient-specific screening, which allows improvement of overall survival by early detection and timely treatment. The authors discuss pretest counseling, which involves the use of various breast cancer risk assessment tools such as the Gail and Tyrer-Cuzick models. The most common high- and moderate-risk gene mutations associated with breast cancer are also reviewed. In addition to BRCA1 and BRCA2, several high-risk genes, including TP53, PTEN, CDH1, and STK11, are discussed. Moderate-risk genes include ATM, CHEK2, and PALB2. The imaging appearances of breast cancer typically associated with each gene mutation, as well as the other associated cancers, are described. ©RSNA, 2020 See discussion on this article by Butler (pp 937-940).
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja P Bharucha
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Kellie E Chiu
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Fabienne M François
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Jessica L Scott
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Gauri R Khorjekar
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Nikki P Tirada
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201
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105
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Yi Z, Ma F, Rong G, Guan Y, Li C, Xu B. Clinical spectrum and prognostic value of TP53 mutations in circulating tumor DNA from breast cancer patients in China. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2020; 40:260-269. [PMID: 32436611 PMCID: PMC7307233 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background TP53 mutations are common in breast cancer. There is currently no large‐scale cohort study to investigate the TP53 landscape in breast cancer patients from China. The predictive value of TP53 mutations for the efficacy of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‐targeted therapy in breast cancer remains controversial. In the present study, we aimed to analyze the clinical spectrum and prognostic value of TP53 mutations in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from breast cancer patients in China. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data and TP53 mutation features in ctDNA samples from 804 patients with metastatic breast cancer. TP53 mutations were detected by target region capture‐based next‐generation sequencing. The relationship between TP53 mutation status and disease‐free survival (DFS) was analyzed in 444 patients with metastatic breast cancer. Moreover, the relationship between TP53 mutation status and progression‐free survival (PFS) was analyzed in 55 HER2‐positive patients treated with first‐line trastuzumab‐based therapy. Kaplan‐Meier analysis was performed to estimate the survival curves of the different subgroups, and the log‐rank test was used to compare the curves. A Cox regression model was used to estimate multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associated with the DFS and PFS. Results Among the 804 investigated patients, 431 (53.6%) patients harbored TP53 mutations. TP53 mutations were differentially distributed among different molecular subtypes of breast cancer (P < 0.05). Patients with TP53 mutations had a shorter DFS than those with wild‐type TP53 (hazard ratio = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.09‐1.61, P = 0.005). TP53 mutations in exons 5‐8 were associated with worse outcome (hazard ratio = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.11‐2.03, P = 0.009). However, TP53 mutation status was not significantly associated with PFS in HER2‐positive patients who received first‐line trastuzumab‐based therapy (P = 0.966). Interestingly, in the taxane combination group, patients with TP53 mutations exhibited longer PFS than those without TP53 mutations (hazard ratio = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.02‐0.30, P < 0.001). However, in the non‐taxane combination group, patients with TP53 mutations displayed shorter PFS than those with wild‐type TP53 (hazard ratio = 4.84, 95% CI = 1.60‐14.66, P = 0.005). Conclusions TP53 mutations in exons 5‐8 may be an independent prognostic marker for short DFS in patients with metastatic breast cancer. TP53 mutations had opposite effects on trastuzumab‐treated patients treated with and without taxanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongbi Yi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Rong
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Yanfang Guan
- Geneplus-Beijing Institute, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Chunxiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Binghe Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
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106
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Li X, Chen X, Wen L, Wang Y, Chen B, Xue Y, Guo L, Liao N. Impact of TP53 mutations in breast cancer: Clinicopathological features and prognosisImpact of TP53 mutations in breast CA. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:1861-1868. [PMID: 32412177 PMCID: PMC7327681 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background TP53 is a crucial tumor suppressor gene. However, the mutation pattern of TP53 in Chinese patients with breast cancer has not yet been determined. Methods A total of 411 untreated patients with invasive breast cancer diagnosed at Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (GDPH) between June 2017 to September 2018 were recruited into the study. Mutational alterations in TP53 were detected and correlations between TP53 mutations and clinicopathological features analyzed. Comparative analysis of the data in the GDPH cohort with those in the METABRIC cohort were carried out. Results A significantly higher rate of TP53 mutations was detected in the GDPH cohort (51.3%) compared with the METABRIC cohort (34.4%) (P < 0.01). In the GDPH cohort, 77.8% of the mutations were located in the conserved areas across exons 5–8 of TP53; among these, 112 were identified as missense mutations and mainly clustered in the DNA‐binding region. R273C/H (n = 11) and R248Q/W (n = 10) were two of the most common mutation sites of TP53 detected in the cohort of GDPH patients. Logistic regression multivariate analysis showed that histological grade III, ki‐67 > = 25%, HR‐ and Her2+ in breast cancer had higher mutation probability of TP53 (P < 0.001 in the GDPH cohort). Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) model combining molecular typing and Ki‐67 was established to predict the mutation of TP53, and the AUC was 0.846. Conclusions A significantly higher rate of TP53 mutation was detected in the Chinese cohort compared with the METABRIC. Correlation analysis revealed a significant association of TP53 mutation with HR‐ and HER2+, higher Ki‐67 and histological grade in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerui Li
- Department of Breast Cancer, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Department of Breast Cancer, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingzhu Wen
- Department of Breast Cancer, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulei Wang
- Department of Breast Cancer, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Breast Cancer, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunlian Xue
- Statistics Office, Information and Statistics Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Guo
- Department of Breast Cancer, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Liao
- Department of Breast Cancer, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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107
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Lemsara A, Ouadfel S, Fröhlich H. PathME: pathway based multi-modal sparse autoencoders for clustering of patient-level multi-omics data. BMC Bioinformatics 2020; 21:146. [PMID: 32299344 PMCID: PMC7161108 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-020-3465-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent years have witnessed an increasing interest in multi-omics data, because these data allow for better understanding complex diseases such as cancer on a molecular system level. In addition, multi-omics data increase the chance to robustly identify molecular patient sub-groups and hence open the door towards a better personalized treatment of diseases. Several methods have been proposed for unsupervised clustering of multi-omics data. However, a number of challenges remain, such as the magnitude of features and the large difference in dimensionality across different omics data sources. Results We propose a multi-modal sparse denoising autoencoder framework coupled with sparse non-negative matrix factorization to robustly cluster patients based on multi-omics data. The proposed model specifically leverages pathway information to effectively reduce the dimensionality of omics data into a pathway and patient specific score profile. In consequence, our method allows us to understand, which pathway is a feature of which particular patient cluster. Moreover, recently proposed machine learning techniques allow us to disentangle the specific impact of each individual omics feature on a pathway score. We applied our method to cluster patients in several cancer datasets using gene expression, miRNA expression, DNA methylation and CNVs, demonstrating the possibility to obtain biologically plausible disease subtypes characterized by specific molecular features. Comparison against several competing methods showed a competitive clustering performance. In addition, post-hoc analysis of somatic mutations and clinical data provided supporting evidence and interpretation of the identified clusters. Conclusions Our suggested multi-modal sparse denoising autoencoder approach allows for an effective and interpretable integration of multi-omics data on pathway level while addressing the high dimensional character of omics data. Patient specific pathway score profiles derived from our model allow for a robust identification of disease subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Lemsara
- Computer Science Department, University of Constantine 2, 25016, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Salima Ouadfel
- Computer Science Department, University of Constantine 2, 25016, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Holger Fröhlich
- University of Bonn, Bonn-Aachen, International Center for IT, 53115, Bonn, Germany. .,Fraunhofer Institute for, Algorithms and Scientific, Computing (SCAI), 53754, Sankt, Augustin, Germany.
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108
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Pladsen AV, Nilsen G, Rueda OM, Aure MR, Borgan Ø, Liestøl K, Vitelli V, Frigessi A, Langerød A, Mathelier A, Engebråten O, Kristensen V, Wedge DC, Van Loo P, Caldas C, Børresen-Dale AL, Russnes HG, Lingjærde OC. DNA copy number motifs are strong and independent predictors of survival in breast cancer. Commun Biol 2020; 3:153. [PMID: 32242091 PMCID: PMC7118095 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0884-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic copy number alterations are a frequent sign of genome instability in cancer. A precise characterization of the genome architecture would reveal underlying instability mechanisms and provide an instrument for outcome prediction and treatment guidance. Here we show that the local spatial behavior of copy number profiles conveys important information about this architecture. Six filters were defined to characterize regional traits in copy number profiles, and the resulting Copy Aberration Regional Mapping Analysis (CARMA) algorithm was applied to tumors in four breast cancer cohorts (n = 2919). The derived motifs represent a layer of information that complements established molecular classifications of breast cancer. A score reflecting presence or absence of motifs provided a highly significant independent prognostic predictor. Results were consistent between cohorts. The nonsite-specific occurrence of the detected patterns suggests that CARMA captures underlying replication and repair defects and could have a future potential in treatment stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne V Pladsen
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Ullernchausseen 70 N-0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gro Nilsen
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Gaustadalléen 23 B N-0373, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oscar M Rueda
- Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Miriam R Aure
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Ullernchausseen 70 N-0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ørnulf Borgan
- Department of Mathematics, University of Oslo, Moltke Moes vei 35 N-0851, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut Liestøl
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Gaustadalléen 23 B N-0373, Oslo, Norway
| | - Valeria Vitelli
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Domus Medica, Sognsvannsveien 9 N-0372, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arnoldo Frigessi
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Domus Medica, Sognsvannsveien 9 N-0372, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anita Langerød
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Ullernchausseen 70 N-0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anthony Mathelier
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Ullernchausseen 70 N-0310, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo, Forskningsparken, Gaustadalléen 21 N-0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav Engebråten
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166 N-0450, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, POB 4953 Nydalen, N-0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vessela Kristensen
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Ullernchausseen 70 N-0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - David C Wedge
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Warneford Ln, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Peter Van Loo
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Ullernchausseen 70 N-0310, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166 N-0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hege G Russnes
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Ullernchausseen 70 N-0310, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, POB 4953 Nydalen N-0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole Christian Lingjærde
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Ullernchausseen 70 N-0310, Oslo, Norway.
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Gaustadalléen 23 B N-0373, Oslo, Norway.
- KG Jebsen Centre for B-cell malignancies, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Ullernchausseen 70 N-0372, Oslo, Norway.
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109
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Achatz MI, Caleffi M, Guindalini R, Marques RM, Nogueira-Rodrigues A, Ashton-Prolla P. Recommendations for Advancing the Diagnosis and Management of Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer in Brazil. JCO Glob Oncol 2020; 6:439-452. [PMID: 32155091 PMCID: PMC7113069 DOI: 10.1200/jgo.19.00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this review was to address the barriers limiting access to genetic cancer risk assessment and genetic testing for individuals with suspected hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) through a review of the diagnosis and management steps of HBOC. METHODS A selected panel of Brazilian experts in fields related to HBOC was provided with a series of relevant questions to address before the multiday conference. During this conference, each narrative was discussed and edited by the entire group, through numerous drafts and rounds of discussion, until a consensus was achieved. RESULTS The authors propose specific and realistic recommendations for improving access to early diagnosis, risk management, and cancer care of HBOC specific to Brazil. Moreover, in creating these recommendations, the authors strived to address all the barriers and impediments mentioned in this article. CONCLUSION There is a great need to expand hereditary cancer testing and counseling in Brazil, and changing current policies is essential to accomplishing this goal. Increased knowledge and awareness, together with regulatory actions to increase access to this technology, have the potential to improve patient care and prevention and treatment efforts for patients with cancer across the country.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maira Caleffi
- Nucleo Mama Porto Alegre and Associação Hospitalar Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Guindalini
- Oncologia D’or, Rede D’or São Luiz, Brazil
- Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato Moretti Marques
- Programa da Saúde da Mulher, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
- Centro de Oncologia e Hematologia, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angelica Nogueira-Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Grupo Brasileiro de Oncologia Ginecológica, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- DOM Oncologia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Patricia Ashton-Prolla
- Departmento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Laboratório de Medicina Genômica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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110
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Cheng J, Ding X, Xu S, Zhu B, Jia Q. Gene expression profiling identified TP53 MutPIK3CA Wild as a potential biomarker for patients with triple-negative breast cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:2817-2824. [PMID: 32218835 PMCID: PMC7068237 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15-30% of all breast cancer cases and is clinically difficult to treat due to the lack of hormone or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 receptors, which are usually targeted by the most successful therapeutic approaches. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have offered long-term survival benefits in several types of solid tumors, however with low response rates. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop feasible biomarkers for identifying patients with TNBC, who are responsive. The present study demonstrated that the immune microenvironment of TNBC has the highest expression of immunoregulatory molecules among all pathologic types. The tumor mutation burden (TMB) of TNBC was not strongly correlated with cytolytic activity and showed no significant associations with different degrees of immune cell infiltration and TMB. The machine learning method divided patients with TNBC into two groups characterized by 'hot' and 'cold' tumors, according to whether immune-associated genes were highly expressed, and different responses to immunotherapy were seen between these two groups. Furthermore, patients with a TP53MutPIK3CAWild genotype demonstrated favorable immunotherapy-responsive signatures and may have improved outcomes with ICIs. In conclusion, the present study revealed that TP53 and PIK3CA may be appropriate biomarkers to screen for patients who would benefit most from ICIs, which could guide precise immunotherapy for patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia'Nan Cheng
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofang Ding
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Shouxia Xu
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Qingzhu Jia
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
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111
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Shahbandi A, Nguyen HD, Jackson JG. TP53 Mutations and Outcomes in Breast Cancer: Reading beyond the Headlines. Trends Cancer 2020; 6:98-110. [PMID: 32061310 PMCID: PMC7931175 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in breast cancer, but its role in survival is confounded by different studies concluding that TP53 mutations are associated with negative, neutral, or positive outcomes. Closer examination showed that many studies were limited by factors such as imprecise methods to detect TP53 mutations and small cohorts that combined patients treated with drugs having very different mechanisms of action. When only studies of patients receiving the same treatment(s) were compared, they tended to agree. These analyses reveal a role for TP53 in response to different treatments as complex as its different biological activities. We discuss studies that have assessed the role of TP53 mutations in breast cancer treatment and limitations in interpreting reported results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashkan Shahbandi
- Tulane School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1430 Tulane Avenue #8543, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Hoang D Nguyen
- Tulane School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1430 Tulane Avenue #8543, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - James G Jackson
- Tulane School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1430 Tulane Avenue #8543, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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112
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Chiacchio MA, Legnani L, Campisi A, Paola B, Giuseppe L, Iannazzo D, Veltri L, Giofrè S, Romeo R. 1,2,4-Oxadiazole-5-ones as analogues of tamoxifen: synthesis and biological evaluation. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 17:4892-4905. [PMID: 31041982 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00651f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A series of 2,3,4-triaryl-substituted 1,2,4-oxadiazole-5-ones have been prepared as fixed-ring analogues of tamoxifen (TAM), a drug inhibitor of Estradiol Receptor (ER) used in breast cancer therapy, by an efficient synthetic protocol based on a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitrones to isocyanates. Some of the newly synthesized compounds (14d-f, 14h and 14k) show a significant cytotoxic effect in a human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) possessing IC50 values between 15.63 and 31.82 μM. In addition, compounds 14d-f, 14h and 14k are able to increase the p53 expression levels, activating also the apoptotic pathway. Molecular modeling studies of novel compounds performed on the crystal structure of ER reveal the presence of strong hydrophobic interactions with the aromatic rings of the ligands similar to TAM. These data suggest that 1,2,4-oxadiazole-5-ones can be considered analogues of TAM, and that their anticancer activity might be partially due to ER inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Chiacchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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113
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Ghaleb A, Yallowitz A, Marchenko N. Irradiation induces p53 loss of heterozygosity in breast cancer expressing mutant p53. Commun Biol 2019; 2:436. [PMID: 31799437 PMCID: PMC6881331 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0669-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in one allele of the TP53 gene in cancer early stages are frequently followed by the loss of the remaining wild-type allele (LOH) during tumor progression. However, the clinical impact of TP53 mutations and p53LOH, especially in the context of genotoxic modalities, remains unclear. Using MMTV;ErbB2 model carrying a heterozygous R172H p53 mutation, we report a previously unidentified oncogenic activity of mutant p53 (mutp53): the exacerbation of p53LOH after irradiation. We show that wild-type p53 allele is partially transcriptionally competent and enables the maintenance of the genomic integrity under normal conditions in mutp53 heterozygous cells. In heterozygous cells γ-irradiation promotes mutp53 stabilization, which suppresses DNA repair and the cell cycle checkpoint allowing cell cycle progression in the presence of inefficiently repaired DNA, consequently increases genomic instability leading to p53LOH. Hence, in mutp53 heterozygous cells, irradiation facilitates the selective pressure for p53LOH that enhances cancer cell fitness and provides the genetic plasticity for acquiring metastatic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Ghaleb
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8691 USA
| | - Alisha Yallowitz
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8691 USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, LC-902, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Natalia Marchenko
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8691 USA
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114
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Behring M, Vazquez AI, Cui X, Irvin MR, Ojesina AI, Agarwal S, Manne U, Shrestha S. Gain of function in somatic TP53 mutations is associated with immune-rich breast tumors and changes in tumor-associated macrophages. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e1001. [PMID: 31637877 PMCID: PMC6900370 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Somatic mutations in TP53 are present in 20%-30% of all breast tumors. While there are numerous population-based analyses of TP53, yet none have examined the relationship between somatic mutations in TP53 and tumor invasive immune cells. METHODS Clinical and genetic data from 601 women drawn from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used to test the association between somatic TP53 mutation and immune-rich or immune-poor tumor status; determined using the CIBERSORT-based gene expression signature of 22 immune cell types. Our validation dataset, the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC), used a pathologist-determined measure of lymphocyte infiltration. RESULTS Within TP53-mutated samples, a mutation at codon p.R175H was shown to be present at higher frequency in immune-rich tumors. In validation analysis, any somatic mutation in TP53 was associated with immune-rich status, and the mutation at p.R175H had a significant association with tumor-invasive lymphocytes. TCGA-only analysis of invasive immune cell type identified an increase in M0 macrophages associated with p.R175H. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that TP53 somatic mutations, particularly at codon p.R175H, are enriched in tumors with infiltrating immune cells. Our results confirm recent research showing inflammation-related gain of function in specific TP53 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Behring
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Pathology and Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ana I Vazquez
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Xiangqin Cui
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Akinyemi I Ojesina
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sumit Agarwal
- Department of Pathology and Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Upender Manne
- Department of Pathology and Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sadeep Shrestha
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Liu X, Feng D, Huo X, Xiao X, Chen Z. Association of intron microsatellite status and exon mutational profiles of TP53 in human colorectal cancer. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:4287-4294. [PMID: 31777536 PMCID: PMC6862561 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH), which cause genomic instability, contribute to cancer pathogenesis. However, only few studies have evaluated the association of a single microsatellite locus of the TP53 gene with the mutation spectra of TP53 exons. A total of 256 patients with colorectal cancer were enrolled in the present study. MSI/LOH alterations of a microsatellite in the TP53 intron (TP53ALU) were assessed via short tandem repeat scanning. The exon mutation profile was evaluated by direct sequencing. The mutation rate of TP53 exons was significantly higher in tumors with LOH alterations of TP53 introns compared with those in tumors with a microsatellite-stable status in the TP53 intron (P=0.0047). TNM stage II was significantly more frequent in MSI vs. LOH or MSS of the TP53 intron (P=0.027 and P=0.048, respectively). Thus, microsatellite alterations may be valuable predictors of TP53 exon mutation and the TNM stage of colorectal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Feng
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Xueyun Huo
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Xiao
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Zhenwen Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
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116
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Trp53 null and R270H mutant alleles have comparable effects in regulating invasion, metastasis, and gene expression in mouse colon tumorigenesis. J Transl Med 2019; 99:1454-1469. [PMID: 31148594 PMCID: PMC6759392 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-019-0269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic APC (adenomatous polyposis coli), TP53, KRAS mutations are present in roughly 80%, 60%, and 40%, respectively, of human colorectal cancers (CRCs). Most TP53 mutant alleles in CRCs encode missense mutant proteins with loss-of-function (LOF) of p53's transcriptional activity and dominant negative (DN) effects on wild-type p53 function. Missense mutant p53 proteins have been reported to exert gain-of-function (GOF) effects in cancer. We compared the phenotypic effects of the common human cancer-associated TP53 R273H missense mutation to p53 null status in a genetically engineered mouse CRC model. Inactivation of one allele of Apc together with activation of a Kras mutant allele in mouse colon epithelium instigated development of serrated and hyperplastic epithelium and adenomas (AK mice). Addition of a Trp53R270H or Trp53null mutant allele to the model (AKP mice) led to markedly shortened survival and increased tumor burden relative to that of AK mice, including adenocarcinomas in AKP mice. Comparable life span and tumor burden were seen in AKP mice carrying Trp53R270H or Trp53null alleles, along with similar frequencies of spontaneous metastasis to lymph nodes, lung, and liver. The fraction of adenocarcinomas with submucosa or deeper invasion was higher in AKP270/fl mice than in AKPfl/fl mice, but the incidence of adenocarcinomas per mouse did not differ significantly between AKPfl/fl and AKP270/fl mice. In line with their comparable biological behaviors, mouse primary tumors and tumor-derived organoids with the Trp53R270H or Trp53null alleles had highly similar gene expression profiles. Human CRCs with TP53 R273 missense mutant or null alleles also had essentially homogeneous gene expression patterns. Our findings indicate the R270H/R273H p53 mutant protein does not manifest definite GOF biological effects in mouse and human CRCs, suggesting possible GOF effects of mutant p53 in cancer phenotypes are likely allele-specific and/or context-dependent.
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117
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Hancock BA, Chen YH, Solzak JP, Ahmad MN, Wedge DC, Brinza D, Scafe C, Veitch J, Gottimukkala R, Short W, Atale RV, Ivan M, Badve SS, Schneider BP, Lu X, Miller KD, Radovich M. Profiling molecular regulators of recurrence in chemorefractory triple-negative breast cancers. Breast Cancer Res 2019; 21:87. [PMID: 31383035 PMCID: PMC6683504 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-019-1171-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Approximately two thirds of patients with localized triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) harbor residual disease (RD) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and have a high risk-of-recurrence. Targeted therapeutic development for TNBC is of primary significance as no targeted therapies are clinically indicated for this aggressive subset. In view of this, we conducted a comprehensive molecular analysis and correlated molecular features of chemorefractory RD tumors with recurrence for the purpose of guiding downstream therapeutic development. Methods We assembled DNA and RNA sequencing data from RD tumors as well as pre-operative biopsies, lymphocytic infiltrate, and survival data as part of a molecular correlative to a phase II post-neoadjuvant clinical trial. Matched somatic mutation, gene expression, and lymphocytic infiltrate were assessed before and after chemotherapy to understand how tumors evolve during chemotherapy. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were conducted categorizing cancers with TP53 mutations by the degree of loss as well as by the copy number of a locus of 18q corresponding to the SMAD2, SMAD4, and SMAD7 genes. Results Analysis of matched somatic genomes pre-/post-NAC revealed chaotic acquisition of copy gains and losses including amplification of prominent oncogenes. In contrast, significant gains in deleterious point mutations and insertion/deletions were not observed. No trends between clonal evolution and recurrence were identified. Gene expression data from paired biopsies revealed enrichment of actionable regulators of stem cell-like behavior and depletion of immune signaling, which was corroborated by total lymphocytic infiltrate, but was not associated with recurrence. Novel characterization of TP53 mutation revealed prognostically relevant subgroups, which were linked to MYC-driven transcriptional amplification. Finally, somatic gains in 18q were associated with poor prognosis, likely driven by putative upregulation of TGFß signaling through the signal transducer SMAD2. Conclusions We conclude TNBCs are dynamic during chemotherapy, demonstrating complex plasticity in subclonal diversity, stem-like qualities, and immune depletion, but somatic alterations of TP53/MYC and TGFß signaling in RD samples are prominent drivers of recurrence, representing high-yield targets for additional interrogation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-019-1171-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley A Hancock
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, 980 W. Walnut St. Room C312, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Yu-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jeffrey P Solzak
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, 980 W. Walnut St. Room C312, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Mufti N Ahmad
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, 980 W. Walnut St. Room C312, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - David C Wedge
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Oxford, UK
| | - Dumitru Brinza
- Department of Bioinformatics, ThermoFisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | - Charles Scafe
- Department of Bioinformatics, ThermoFisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | - James Veitch
- Department of Bioinformatics, ThermoFisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | | | - Walt Short
- Department of Bioinformatics, ThermoFisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | - Rutuja V Atale
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, 980 W. Walnut St. Room C312, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Mircea Ivan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Sunil S Badve
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Bryan P Schneider
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Xiongbin Lu
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Kathy D Miller
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Milan Radovich
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, 980 W. Walnut St. Room C312, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,Indiana University Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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118
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Lee SE, Lee HS, Kim KY, Park JH, Roh H, Park HY, Kim WS. High prevalence of the MLH1 V384D germline mutation in patients with HER2-positive luminal B breast cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10966. [PMID: 31358837 PMCID: PMC6662670 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47439-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
HER2-positive luminal B breast cancer (BC), a subset of the luminal B subtype, is ER-positive and HER2-positive BC which is approximately 10% of all BC. However, HER2-positive luminal B BC has received less attention and is less represented in previous molecular analyses than other subtypes. Hence, it is important to elucidate the molecular biology of HER2-positive luminal B BC to stratify patients in a way that allows them to receive their respective optimal treatment. We performed molecular profiling using targeted next-generation sequencing on 94 HER2-positive luminal B BC to identify its molecular characteristics. A total of 134 somatic nonsynonymous mutations, including 131 nonsynonymous single nucleotide variants and three coding insertions/deletions were identified in 30 genes of 75 samples. PIK3CA was most frequently mutated (38/94, 40.4%), followed by TP53 (31/94, 33.0%), and others were detected at lower frequencies. Recurrent germline mutations of MLH1 V384D were found in 13.8% (13/94), with a significantly high TP53 mutations rate. The frequency of MLH1 V384D germline mutation in individuals with HER2-positive luminal B BC was significantly higher than that observed in the controls. All 13 cases were classified as microsatellite stable tumors. Tumor mutation burdens (TMB) were not significantly different between MLH1 V384D carrier and wild type. The concordant results of microsatellite instability (MSI) and TMB suggest that the haploinsufficiency of MLH1 plays a role as a tumor predisposition factor rather than a direct oncogenic driver. Our study identified, for the first time, that MLH1 V384D germline variant is frequently detected in HER2-positive luminal B BC. MLH1 V384D germline variant may not only contribute to gastrointestinal cancer predisposition but may also contribute to BC in East Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Eun Lee
- Department of Pathology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Seung Lee
- Department of Pathology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Jung-Hoon Park
- Precision Medicine Institute, Macrogen, Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Hanseong Roh
- Precision Medicine Institute, Macrogen, Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Ha Young Park
- Department of Pathology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
| | - Wan-Seop Kim
- Department of Pathology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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119
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Abubakar M, Guo C, Koka H, Sung H, Shao N, Guida J, Deng J, Li M, Hu N, Zhou B, Lu N, Yang XR. Clinicopathological and epidemiological significance of breast cancer subtype reclassification based on p53 immunohistochemical expression. NPJ Breast Cancer 2019; 5:20. [PMID: 31372496 PMCID: PMC6658470 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-019-0117-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
TP53 mutations are common in breast cancer and are typically associated with more aggressive tumor characteristics, but little is known about the clinicopathological and epidemiological relevance of p53 protein expression, a TP53 mutation surrogate, in breast cancer subtypes. In this study of 7226 Chinese women with invasive breast cancer, we defined breast cancer subtypes using immunohistochemical (IHC) measures of hormone receptors and HER2 in conjunction with histologic grade. p53 expression status was then used to further stratify subtypes into p53-positive and p53-negative. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in case-only logistic regression analyses were used to examine heterogeneity across different subtypes. The frequency of p53 protein expression varied by breast cancer subtype, being lowest in the luminal A-like and highest in the triple-negative and HER2-enriched subtypes (P-value < 0.01). In luminal A-like and B-like/HER2-negative subtypes, p53 positivity was associated with early-onset tumors, high grade, high proliferative index, and basal marker (CK5/6 and EGFR) expression. Further, compared with luminal A-like/p53-negative patients, A-like/p53-positive patients were more likely to be parous [adjusted OR parous vs. nulliparous = 2.67 (1.60, 4.51); P-value < 0.01] and to have breastfed [adjusted OR ever vs. never = 1.38 (1.03, 1.85); P-value = 0.03]. p53 positivity was not associated with examined clinical and risk factors in other tumor subtypes. Overall, these findings suggest that p53 expression, which is readily available in many settings, can be used to identify phenotypes of luminal A-like breast cancer with distinct clinical and epidemiological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Abubakar
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Changyuan Guo
- National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021 Beijing, China
| | - Hela Koka
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Hyuna Sung
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
- Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Nan Shao
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
| | - Jennifer Guida
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Joseph Deng
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Mengjie Li
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA
| | - Nan Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Bin Zhou
- National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021 Beijing, China
| | - Ning Lu
- National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong R. Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
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Sicari D, Fantuz M, Bellazzo A, Valentino E, Apollonio M, Pontisso I, Di Cristino F, Dal Ferro M, Bicciato S, Del Sal G, Collavin L. Mutant p53 improves cancer cells' resistance to endoplasmic reticulum stress by sustaining activation of the UPR regulator ATF6. Oncogene 2019; 38:6184-6195. [PMID: 31312025 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0878-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Missense mutations in the TP53 gene are frequent in human cancers, giving rise to mutant p53 proteins that can acquire oncogenic properties. Gain of function mutant p53 proteins can enhance tumour aggressiveness by promoting cell invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance. Accumulating evidences indicate that mutant p53 proteins can also modulate cell homeostatic processes, suggesting that missense p53 mutation may increase resistance of tumour cells to intrinsic and extrinsic cancer-related stress conditions, thus offering a selective advantage. Here we provide evidence that mutant p53 proteins can modulate the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) to increase cell survival upon Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress, a condition to which cancer cells are exposed during tumour formation and progression, as well as during therapy. Mechanistically, this action of mutant p53 is due to enhanced activation of the pro-survival UPR effector ATF6, coordinated with inhibition of the pro-apoptotic UPR effectors JNK and CHOP. In a triple-negative breast cancer cell model with missense TP53 mutation, we found that ATF6 activity is necessary for viability and invasion phenotypes. Together, these findings suggest that ATF6 inhibitors might be combined with mutant p53-targeting drugs to specifically sensitise cancer cells to endogenous or chemotherapy-induced ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Sicari
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), AREA Science Park, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Fantuz
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), AREA Science Park, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy.,International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Arianna Bellazzo
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), AREA Science Park, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Elena Valentino
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), AREA Science Park, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mattia Apollonio
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), AREA Science Park, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ilaria Pontisso
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), AREA Science Park, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Cristino
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), AREA Science Park, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Dal Ferro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvio Bicciato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100, Modena, Italy
| | - Giannino Del Sal
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), AREA Science Park, 34149, Trieste, Italy. .,Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy. .,IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Licio Collavin
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), AREA Science Park, 34149, Trieste, Italy. .,Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
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Packwood K, Martland G, Sommerlad M, Shaw E, Moutasim K, Thomas G, Bateman AC, Jones L, Haywood L, Evans DG, Birch JM, Alsalmi OA, Henderson A, Poplawski N, Eccles DM. Breast cancer in patients with germline TP53 pathogenic variants have typical tumour characteristics: the Cohort study of TP53 carrier early onset breast cancer (COPE study). J Pathol Clin Res 2019; 5:189-198. [PMID: 31041842 PMCID: PMC6648388 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Germline TP53 pathogenic variants are rare but associated with a high risk of cancer; they are often identified in the context of clinically diagnosed Li-Fraumeni syndrome predisposing to a range of young onset cancers including sarcomas and breast cancer. The study aim was to conduct a detailed morphological review and immuno-phenotyping of breast cancer arising in carriers of a germline TP53 pathogenic variant. We compared breast cancers from five defined groups: (1) TP53 carriers with breast cancer (n = 59), (2) early onset HER2-amplified breast cancer, no germline pathogenic variant in BRCA1/2 or TP53 (n = 55), (3) BRCA1 pathogenic variant carriers (n = 60); (4) BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers (n = 61) and (5) young onset breast cancer with no known germline pathogenic variant (n = 98). Pathologists assessed a pre-agreed set of morphological characteristics using light microscopy. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for HER2, ER, PR, p53, integrin alpha v beta 6 (αvβ6) integrin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and pSMAD2/3 was performed on tissue microarrays of invasive carcinoma. We confirmed a previously reported high prevalence of HER2-amplified, ductal no special type invasive breast carcinoma amongst known TP53 germline pathogenic variant carriers 20 of 36 (56%). Furthermore we observed a high frequency of densely sclerotic tumour stroma in cancers from TP53 carriers (29/36, 80.6%) when compared with non-carriers, 50.9% (28/55), 34.7% (50/144), 41.4% (65/157), 43.8% (95/217) in groups 2-5 respectively. The majority of germline TP53 gene carrier breast tumours had a high intensity of integrin αvβ6, α-SMA and pSMAD2/3 expression in the majority of cancer cells. In conclusion, aggressive HER2 positive breast cancers with densely sclerotic stroma are common in germline TP53 carriers. High levels of αvβ6 integrin, α-SMA and pSMAD2/3 expression suggest that the dense stromal phenotype may be driven by upregulated transforming growth factor beta signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Packwood
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Guy Martland
- Cellular Pathology DepartmentPoole Hospital NHS Foundation TrustPooleUK
| | - Matthew Sommerlad
- Cellular Pathology DepartmentUniversity Hospital NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
| | - Emily Shaw
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- Cellular Pathology DepartmentUniversity Hospital NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
| | - Karwan Moutasim
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- Cellular Pathology DepartmentUniversity Hospital NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
| | - Gareth Thomas
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- Cellular Pathology DepartmentUniversity Hospital NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
| | - Adrian C Bateman
- Cellular Pathology DepartmentUniversity Hospital NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
| | - Louise Jones
- Centre for Tumour Biology Department, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Linda Haywood
- Centre for Tumour Biology Department, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - D Gareth Evans
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic ScienceUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Jillian M Birch
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Ohud A Alsalmi
- Centre for Tumour Biology Department, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Alex Henderson
- Northern Genetics ServiceNewcastle upon Tyne HospitalsNewcastleUK
| | - Nicola Poplawski
- Discipline of Paediatrics, Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
| | - Diana M Eccles
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
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Zou A, Liu X, Mai Z, Zhang J, Liu Z, Huang Q, Wu A, Zhou C. LINC00472 Acts as a Tumor Suppressor in NSCLC through KLLN-Mediated p53-Signaling Pathway via MicroRNA-149-3p and MicroRNA-4270. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 17:563-577. [PMID: 31382188 PMCID: PMC6676247 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to participate in the progression of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA 472 (LINC00472), miR-149-3p, and miR-4270 were found to be involved in tumor activities, suggesting potential roles in NSCLC. Thus, this study aimed to examine the ability of LINC00472 to influence the progression of NSCLC with the involvement of miR-149-3p and miR-4270. Initially, differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), downstream regulatory miRNAs, and genes related to NSCLC were identified. Next, the interaction among LINC00472, miR-149-3p and miR-4270, and KLLN and the p53-signaling pathway was determined. The effect of LINC00472 on the expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin was examined through gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments. Lastly, the effects of LINC00472 on NSCLC tumor growth were assessed in vivo. LINC00472 and KLLN were found to exhibit low levels, while miR-149-3p and miR-4270 were highly expressed in NSCLC. In addition, the overexpression of LINC00472 was observed to upregulate KLLN and activate the p53-signaling pathway, which ultimately inhibited the invasion, migration, and EMT of NSCLC cells via miR-149-3p and miR-4270, corresponding to decreased N-cadherin and Vimentin and increased E-cadherin. The overexpression of LINC00472 exerted an inhibitory effect on tumor growth in vivo. Taken together, the key evidence suggests that the overexpression of LINC00472 can downregulate miR-149-3p and miR-4270 to upregulate KLLN and activate the p53-signaling pathway, thus inhibiting the development of NSCLC. This study highlights the potential of LINC00472 as a promising therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimei Zou
- Department of Oncology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528308, P.R. China
| | - Xingli Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528308, P.R. China
| | - Zongjiong Mai
- Area 7 of Tumor Chemotherapy Department, Central Hospital of Guangdong Nongken, Zhanjiang 524001, P.R. China
| | - Junke Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528308, P.R. China
| | - Zhuohuan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528308, P.R. China
| | - Qilu Huang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, P.R. China
| | - Aibing Wu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, P.R. China.
| | - Chenyu Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528308, P.R. China.
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Xu S, Jia B, Liang F. Learning Moral Graphs in Construction of High-Dimensional Bayesian Networks for Mixed Data. Neural Comput 2019; 31:1183-1214. [PMID: 30979349 PMCID: PMC6874850 DOI: 10.1162/neco_a_01190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bayesian networks have been widely used in many scientific fields for describing the conditional independence relationships for a large set of random variables. This letter proposes a novel algorithm, the so-called p-learning algorithm, for learning moral graphs for high-dimensional Bayesian networks. The moral graph is a Markov network representation of the Bayesian network and also the key to construction of the Bayesian network for constraint-based algorithms. The consistency of the p-learning algorithm is justified under the small-n, large-p scenario. The numerical results indicate that the p-learning algorithm significantly outperforms the existing ones, such as the PC, grow-shrink, incremental association, semi-interleaved hiton, hill-climbing, and max-min hill-climbing. Under the sparsity assumption, the p-learning algorithm has a computational complexity of O(p2) even in the worst case, while the existing algorithms have a computational complexity of O(p3) in the worst case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwa Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A.
| | - Bochao Jia
- Lilly Corporate Center, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, U.S.A.
| | - Faming Liang
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, U.S.A.
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124
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Huszno J, Kolosza Z. Molecular characteristics of breast cancer according to clinicopathological factors. Mol Clin Oncol 2019; 11:192-200. [PMID: 31281656 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2019.1869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between molecular factors such as BRCA1 DNA repair associated (BRCA1), checkpoint kinase 2 (CHEK2) and nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) gene mutations and clinicopathological factors in patients with breast cancer (BC). Prognostic factors were analyzed in BC patients with confirmed BRCA1 (n=73), CHEK2 (n=51) and NOD2 (n=31) mutations. The control group was selected from BC patients without mutations (n=392). The BRCA-associated cancer cases were significantly more often triple negative compared with sporadic cancer (62% vs. 14%; P=0.0001). Luminal B HER2-positive and HER2-positive non-luminal subtypes were observed more often in the control group (33 and 17%). The luminal A subtype was detected in 53% of CHEK2 mutation carriers and 45% of NOD2 mutation carriers. A lower histological grade was observed significantly more often in patients with CHEK2 mutations in comparison with the control group (88 vs. 69%; P=0.003). Lymph nodes without metastases were reported more frequently in NOD2 mutation carriers (74 vs. 54%; P=0.038), in BRCA1 mutations (73 vs. 54%; P=0.004) and, although not significantly, in CHEK2 mutation carriers (69 vs. 54%; P=0.071) compared with the control group. In conclusion, BRCA1 mutation was associated with TNBC and the luminal B HER2 (-) subtype. HER2-positive subtypes were characteristic of the control group. CHEK2 and NOD2 mutation carriers had a more favorable profile of prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Huszno
- I Radiation and Clinical Oncology Department, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Zofia Kolosza
- Biostatistic Unit, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
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125
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Mukhopadhyay UK, Oturkar CC, Adams C, Wickramasekera N, Bansal S, Medisetty R, Miller A, Swetzig WM, Silwal-Pandit L, Børresen-Dale AL, Creighton CJ, Park JH, Konduri SD, Mukhopadhyay A, Caradori A, Omilian A, Bshara W, Kaipparettu BA, Das GM. TP53 Status as a Determinant of Pro- vs Anti-Tumorigenic Effects of Estrogen Receptor-Beta in Breast Cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2019; 111:1202-1215. [PMID: 30990221 PMCID: PMC6855950 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djz051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-tumorigenic vs pro-tumorigenic roles of estrogen receptor-beta (ESR2) in breast cancer remain unsettled. We investigated the potential of TP53 status to be a determinant of the bi-faceted role of ESR2 and associated therapeutic implications for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). METHODS ESR2-TP53 interaction was analyzed with multiple assays including the in situ proximity ligation assay. Transcriptional effects on TP53-target genes and cell proliferation in response to knocking down or overexpressing ESR2 were determined. Patient survival according to ESR2 expression levels and TP53 mutation status was analyzed in the basal-like TNBC subgroup in the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (n = 308) and Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center (n = 46) patient cohorts by univariate Cox regression and log-rank test. All statistical tests are two-sided. RESULTS ESR2 interaction with wild-type and mutant TP53 caused pro-proliferative and anti-proliferative effects, respectively. Depleting ESR2 in cells expressing wild-type TP53 resulted in increased expression of TP53-target genes CDKN1A (control group mean [SD] = 1 [0.13] vs ESR2 depletion group mean [SD] = 2.08 [0.24], P = .003) and BBC3 (control group mean [SD] = 1 [0.06] vs ESR2 depleted group mean [SD] = 1.92 [0.25], P = .003); however, expression of CDKN1A (control group mean [SD] = 1 [0.21] vs ESR2 depleted group mean [SD] = 0.56 [0.12], P = .02) and BBC3 (control group mean [SD] = 1 [0.03] vs ESR2 depleted group mean [SD] = 0.55 [0.09], P = .008) was decreased in cells expressing mutant TP53. Overexpressing ESR2 had opposite effects. Tamoxifen increased ESR2-mutant TP53 interaction, leading to reactivation of TP73 and apoptosis. High levels of ESR2 expression in mutant TP53-expressing basal-like tumors is associated with better prognosis (Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium cohort: log-rank P = .001; hazard ratio = 0.26, 95% confidence interval = 0.08 to 0.84, univariate Cox P = .02). CONCLUSIONS TP53 status is a determinant of the functional duality of ESR2. Our study suggests that ESR2-mutant TP53 combination prognosticates survival in TNBC revealing a novel strategy to stratify TNBC for therapeutic intervention potentially by repurposing tamoxifen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gokul M Das
- Correspondence to: Gokul M. Das, PhD, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Center for Genetics and Pharmacology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263 (e-mail: )
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126
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Lima ZS, Ghadamzadeh M, Arashloo FT, Amjad G, Ebadi MR, Younesi L. Recent advances of therapeutic targets based on the molecular signature in breast cancer: genetic mutations and implications for current treatment paradigms. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:38. [PMID: 30975222 PMCID: PMC6460547 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0725-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women all over the world. Genetic background of women contributes to her risk of having breast cancer. Certain inherited DNA mutations can dramatically increase the risk of developing certain cancers and are responsible for many of the cancers that run in some families. Regarding the widespread multigene panels, whole exome sequencing is capable of providing the evaluation of genetic function mutations for development novel strategy in clinical trials. Targeting the mutant proteins involved in breast cancer can be an effective therapeutic approach for developing novel drugs. This systematic review discusses gene mutations linked to breast cancer, focusing on signaling pathways that are being targeted with investigational therapeutic strategies, where clinical trials could be potentially initiated in the future are being highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Safarpour Lima
- Shahid Akbar Abadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShCRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ghadamzadeh
- Departement of Radiology, Hasheminejad Kidney Centre (HKC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ghazaleh Amjad
- Shahid Akbar Abadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShCRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ebadi
- Shohadaye Haft-e-tir Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Younesi
- Shahid Akbar Abadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShCRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
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127
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Zhang G, Wang Y, Chen B, Guo L, Cao L, Ren C, Wen L, Li K, Jia M, Li C, Mok H, Chen X, Wei G, Lin J, Zhang Z, Hou T, Han-Zhang H, Liu C, Liu H, Liu J, Balch CM, Meric-Bernstam F, Liao N. Characterization of frequently mutated cancer genes in Chinese breast tumors: a comparison of Chinese and TCGA cohorts. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:179. [PMID: 31168460 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.04.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background The complexity of breast cancer at the clinical, morphological and genomic levels has been extensively studied in the western population. However, the mutational genomic profiles in Chinese breast cancer patients have not been explored in any detail. Methods We performed targeted sequencing using a panel consisting of 33 breast cancer-related genes to investigate the genomic landscape of 304 consecutive treatment-naïve Chinese breast cancer patients at Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (GDPH), and further compared the results to those in 453 of Caucasian breast cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Results The most frequently mutated gene was TP53 (45%), followed by PIK3CA (44%), GATA3 (18%), MAP3K1 (10%), whereas the copy-number amplifications were frequently observed in genes of ERBB2 (24%), MYC (23%), FGFR1 (13%) and CCND1 (10%). Among the 8 most frequently mutated or amplified genes, at least one driver was identifiable in 87.5% (n=267) of our GDPH cohort, revealing the significant contribution of these known driver genes in the development of Chinese breast cancer. Compared to TCGA data, the median age at diagnosis in our cohort was significantly younger (48 vs. 58 years; P<0.001), while the distribution of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) statuses were similar. The largest difference occurred in HR+/HER2- subtype, where 8 of the 10 driver genes compared had statistically significant differences in their frequency, while there were differences in 2 of 10 driver genes among the TNBC and HR+/HER2+ group, but none in the HR-/HER2+ patients in our cohort compared to the TCGA data. Collectively, the most significant genomic difference was a significantly higher prevalence for TP53 and AKT1 in Chinese patients. Additionally, more than half of TP53-mutation HR+/HER2- Chinese patients (~60%) are likely to harbor more severe mutations in TP53, such as nonsense, indels, and splicing mutations. Conclusions We elucidated the mutational landscape of cancer genes in Chinese breast cancer and further identified significant genomic differences between Asian and Caucasian patients. These results should improve our understanding of pathogenesis and/or metastatic behavior of breast cancer across races/ethnicities, including a better selection of targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guochun Zhang
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yulei Wang
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Liping Guo
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chongyang Ren
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lingzhu Wen
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Minghan Jia
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Cheukfai Li
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hsiaopei Mok
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Guangnan Wei
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Jiali Lin
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Ting Hou
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | | | | | - Hao Liu
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Charles M Balch
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Departments of Breast Surgical Oncology and Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Personalized Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ning Liao
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510000, China
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128
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Cui C, Li S, Wu D. Znhit1 inhibits breast cancer by up-regulating PTEN to deactivate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Life Sci 2019; 224:204-211. [PMID: 30928405 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer, ranking sixth as the cause of death among females in China. Zinc finger HIT-type containing 1 (Znhit1) is a pivotal factor for inhibition of gene mutation and cell proliferation. Due to the unknown function of Znhit1 in cancers, we aimed to explore the role of Znhit1 in BC as well as the underlying mechanisms. MAIN METHODS Znhit1 expression in clinical specimens and cell lines of BC was measured by quantitative reverse transcription PCR and Western blot analysis. Then, the effects of Znhit1 overexpression on cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of BC cells as well as in vivo tumor growth were assessed. The interactions among Znhit1, PTEN and the downstream PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Finally, the role of Znhit1 in prognosis was analyzed in clinical specimens. KEY FINDINGS Znhit1 was down-regulated in BC cell lines and clinical specimens. Znhit1 overexpression induced apoptosis and repressed proliferation and invasion of BC cells. Moreover, Znhit1 overexpression induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 stage. In vivo data showed that Znhit1 overexpression inhibited BC tumor growth in mice. Further experiments showed Znhit1 affected BC through up-regulating PTEN, along with inactivation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. We finally proved that high expression of Znhit1 indicated improved prognosis. SIGNIFICANCE Znhit1 overexpression inhibited BC tumorigenesis possibly through PTEN-mediated inactivation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Additionally, high expression of Znhit1 indicated improved prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguo Cui
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130031, China
| | - Sijie Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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129
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Chen X, Guo Y, Ouyang T, Li J, Wang T, Fan Z, Fan T, Lin B, Xu Y, Xie Y. Co-mutation of TP53 and PIK3CA in residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is associated with poor survival in breast cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:1235-1242. [PMID: 30806788 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02873-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The prevalence and clinical relevance of TP53 and PIK3CA mutations in pretreatment breast cancer have been previously reported. However, little is known regarding these mutations in residual tumor tissues after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Here, we investigated the association between TP53 and PIK3CA mutations in residual disease and survival of breast cancers. METHODS TP53 and PIK3CA somatic mutations were examined in 353 post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy residual tumor tissues by Sanger sequencing. Survival curves of patients with TP53 and PIK3CA mutations were compared using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS Fifty-six (15.9%) of the 353 patients carried a TP53 somatic mutation and 79 patients (22.4%) carried a PIK3CA somatic mutation. A total of 18 patients carried co-mutation of TP53 and PIK3CA. Patients with somatic co-mutation were more likely to have high-grade tumors (35.3% vs. 10.6%, P = 0.010), estrogen receptor-negative tumors (55.6% vs. 26.7%, P = 0.009), progesterone receptor-negative tumors (61.1% vs. 30.5%, P = 0.008) and triple-negative tumors (35.3% vs. 13.3%, P = 0.025) compared with non-carriers. More importantly, co-mutation of TP53 and PIK3CA carriers had a significantly worse disease-free survival (DFS) and distant disease-free survival (DDFS) than non-carriers (5-year DFS: 58.0% vs. 83.2%, P < 0.001; 5-year DDFS: 70.3% vs. 86.4%, P = 0.024). Furthermore, in multivariate regression analysis, TP53 and PIK3CA co-mutation carriers showed a significantly worse DFS (adjusted hazard ratio = 3.70; 95% confidence interval, 1.79-7.63; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Patients with somatic co-mutation of TP53 and PIK3CA were associated with unfavorable survival compared with non-carriers. Co-mutation of TP53 and PIK3CA could be used as a potential prognosis marker in post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Breast Center, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Breast Center, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Breast Center, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Breast Center, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Breast Center, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoqing Fan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Breast Center, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Tie Fan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Breast Center, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Benyao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Breast Center, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Breast Center, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuntao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Breast Center, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China.
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130
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Zhou Y, Xu Y, Gong Y, Zhang Y, Lu Y, Wang C, Yao R, Li P, Guan Y, Wang J, Xia X, Yang L, Yi X, Sun Q. Clinical factors associated with circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in primary breast cancer. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:1033-1046. [PMID: 30672098 PMCID: PMC6487710 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Noninvasive circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) can be used to predict breast cancer recurrence and prognosis. In this study, we detected 226 and 114 somatic variants in tumor DNA from 70 primary breast cancer (PBC) patients (98.59%) and ctDNA from 48 patients (67.61%), respectively. Gene frequencies of tumor DNA and ctDNA significantly correlated (R2 = 0.9532, P < 0.0001), and tumor-derived variants were detectable in the blood of 43 patients. ctDNA was more often detected in locally advanced/metastatic and nonluminal patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that individual N stage (P < 0.001) and hormone receptor (HR) status (P = 0.001) could independently predict the detectability of tumor-derived mutations in blood. The maximal variant allele frequency of ctDNA was significantly higher in patients with stage IV/M1 (P = 0.0136) and stage T3/T4 (P = 0.0085) cancers. Finally, clonal variants in tumor DNA were more easily traced in ctDNA than subclonal variants (84.62% vs 48.75%). In conclusion, ctDNA fragments concordant with tumor DNA can be consistently detected in the majority of tested PBC patients, which may enable noninvasive genomic profiling of PBC, particularly for patients with advanced-stage tumors and positive HR status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Changjun Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ru Yao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfang Guan
- Geneplus-Beijing Institute, China.,Department of Computer Science and Technology, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Jiayin Wang
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | | | | | - Xin Yi
- Geneplus-Beijing Institute, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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131
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Uscanga-Perales GI, Santuario-Facio SK, Sanchez-Dominguez CN, Cardona-Huerta S, Muñoz-Maldonado GE, Ruiz-Flores P, Barcenas-Walls JR, Osuna-Rosales LE, Rojas-Martinez A, Gonzalez-Guerrero JF, Valero-Gomez J, Gomez-Macias GS, Barbosa-Quintana A, Barboza-Quintana O, Garza-Guajardo R, Ortiz-Lopez R. Genetic alterations of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in women from Northeastern Mexico. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3581-3588. [PMID: 30867801 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.9984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer of heterogeneous nature that is negative for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and growth factor human epidermal 2 (HER2) following immunohistochemical analysis. TNBC is frequently characterized by relapse and reduced survival. To date, there is no targeted therapy for this type of cancer. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery remain as the standard treatments options. The lack of a target therapy and the heterogeneity of TNBC highlight the need to seek new therapeutic options. In this study, fresh tissue samples of TNBC were analyzed with a panel of 48 driver genes (212 amplicons) that are likely to be therapeutic targets. We found intron variants, missense, stop gained and splicing variants in TP53, PIK3CA and FLT3 genes. Interestingly, all the analyzed samples had at least two variants in the TP53 gene, one being a drug response variant, rs1042522, found in 94% of our samples. We also found seven additional variants not previously reported in the TP53 gene, to the best of our knowledge, with probable deleterious characteristics of the tumor suppressor gene. We found four genetic variants in the PIK3CA gene, including two missense variants. The rs2491231 variant in the FLT3 gene was identified in 84% (16/19) of the samples, which not yet reported for TNBC, to the best of our knowledge. In conclusion, genetic variants in TP53 were found in all TNBC tumors, with rs1042522 being the most frequent (94% of TNBC biopsies), which had not been previously reported in TNBC. Also, we found two missense variants in the PIK3CA gene. These results justify the validation of these genetic variants in a large cohort, as well as the extensive study of their impact on the prognosis and therapy management of TBNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grecia I Uscanga-Perales
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 66460, Mexico.,Departamento de Bioquimica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 66460, Mexico
| | - Sandra K Santuario-Facio
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64710, Mexico
| | - Celia N Sanchez-Dominguez
- Departamento de Bioquimica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 66460, Mexico
| | - Servando Cardona-Huerta
- Centro de Cancer de Mama, Hospital San Jose, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64710, Mexico
| | - Gerardo E Muñoz-Maldonado
- Servicio de Cirugia General, Hospital Universitario Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 66460, Mexico
| | - Pablo Ruiz-Flores
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila, Torreon, Coahuila 27000, Mexico
| | - Jose R Barcenas-Walls
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 66460, Mexico
| | - Luis E Osuna-Rosales
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 66460, Mexico
| | - Augusto Rojas-Martinez
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64710, Mexico
| | - Juan Francisco Gonzalez-Guerrero
- Servicio de Oncologia, Centro Universitario Contra el Cancer, Hospital Universitario Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 66460, Mexico
| | - Javier Valero-Gomez
- Centro de Cancer de Mama, Hospital San Jose, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64710, Mexico
| | - Gabriela S Gomez-Macias
- Servicio de Patología, Hospital San Jose, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Hospital San Jose, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64710, Mexico
| | - Alvaro Barbosa-Quintana
- Servicio de Patología, Hospital San Jose, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Hospital San Jose, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64710, Mexico
| | - Oralia Barboza-Quintana
- Servicio de Anatomia Patologica y Citopatologia, Hospital Universitario Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 66450, Mexico
| | - Raquel Garza-Guajardo
- Servicio de Anatomia Patologica y Citopatologia, Hospital Universitario Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 66450, Mexico
| | - Rocio Ortiz-Lopez
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64710, Mexico
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132
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Lopez G, Costanza J, Colleoni M, Fontana L, Ferrero S, Miozzo M, Fusco N. Molecular Insights into the Classification of Luminal Breast Cancers: The Genomic Heterogeneity of Progesterone-Negative Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E510. [PMID: 30691046 PMCID: PMC6386970 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive progesterone receptor (PR)-negative breast cancers are infrequent but clinically challenging. Despite the volume of genomic data available on these tumors, their biology remains poorly understood. Here, we aimed to identify clinically relevant subclasses of ER+/PR- breast cancers based on their mutational landscape. The Cancer Genomics Data Server was interrogated for mutational and clinical data of all ER+ breast cancers with information on PR status from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK), and Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) projects. Clustering analysis was performed using gplots, ggplot2, and ComplexHeatmap packages. Comparisons between groups were performed using the Student's t-test and the test of Equal or Given Proportions. Survival curves were built according to the Kaplan⁻Meier method; differences in survival were assessed with the log-rank test. A total of 3570 ER+ breast cancers (PR- n = 959, 27%; PR+ n = 2611, 73%) were analyzed. Mutations in well-known cancer genes such as TP53, GATA3, CDH1, HER2, CDH1, and BRAF were private to or enriched for in PR- tumors. Mutual exclusivity analysis revealed the presence of four molecular clusters with significantly different prognosis on the basis of PIK3CA and TP53 status. ER+/PR- breast cancers are genetically heterogeneous and encompass a variety of distinct entities in terms of prognostic and predictive information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Lopez
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
- School of Pathology, University of Milan, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Jole Costanza
- Research Laboratory Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Matteo Colleoni
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Laura Fontana
- Medical Genetics, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefano Ferrero
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
- Pathology, Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Monica Miozzo
- Research Laboratory Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy.
- Medical Genetics, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Nicola Fusco
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
- Pathology, Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122, Milan, Italy.
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133
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Zhou Y, Xu Y, Gong Y, Zhang Y, Lu Y, Wang C, Yao R, Li P, Guan Y, Wang J, Xia X, Yang L, Yi X, Sun Q. Clinical factors associated with circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in primary breast cancer. Mol Oncol 2019. [PMID: 30672098 DOI: 10.1002/1878‐0261.12456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Noninvasive circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) can be used to predict breast cancer recurrence and prognosis. In this study, we detected 226 and 114 somatic variants in tumor DNA from 70 primary breast cancer (PBC) patients (98.59%) and ctDNA from 48 patients (67.61%), respectively. Gene frequencies of tumor DNA and ctDNA significantly correlated (R2 = 0.9532, P < 0.0001), and tumor-derived variants were detectable in the blood of 43 patients. ctDNA was more often detected in locally advanced/metastatic and nonluminal patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that individual N stage (P < 0.001) and hormone receptor (HR) status (P = 0.001) could independently predict the detectability of tumor-derived mutations in blood. The maximal variant allele frequency of ctDNA was significantly higher in patients with stage IV/M1 (P = 0.0136) and stage T3/T4 (P = 0.0085) cancers. Finally, clonal variants in tumor DNA were more easily traced in ctDNA than subclonal variants (84.62% vs 48.75%). In conclusion, ctDNA fragments concordant with tumor DNA can be consistently detected in the majority of tested PBC patients, which may enable noninvasive genomic profiling of PBC, particularly for patients with advanced-stage tumors and positive HR status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Changjun Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ru Yao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfang Guan
- Geneplus-Beijing Institute, China.,Department of Computer Science and Technology, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Jiayin Wang
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | | | | | - Xin Yi
- Geneplus-Beijing Institute, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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134
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Ma W, Ho DWH, Sze KMF, Tsui YM, Chan LK, Lee JMF, Ng IOL. APOBEC3B promotes hepatocarcinogenesis and metastasis through novel deaminase-independent activity. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:643-653. [PMID: 30575099 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cytidine deaminase APOBEC3B (A3B) is known to play important roles in creating de novo genomic C-to-T mutations in cancers and contribute to induction of genomic instability. Our study evaluated the roles of A3B in the progression and metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Using whole-transcriptome and whole-exome sequencing, and quantitative PCR, we found that A3B was overexpressed in human HCCs and A3B expression was significantly correlated with the proportion of genomic C-to-A and G-to-T mutations. Upon clinicopathological correlation, higher A3B expression was associated with more aggressive tumor behavior. Wild-type A3B (wt-A3B) overexpression in HCC cells promoted cell proliferation, and cell migratory and invasive abilities in vitro, and tumorigenicity and metastasis in vivo. On the other hand, knockdown of A3B suppressed cell proliferation, migratory, and invasive abilities of HCC cells with high endogenous A3B level. However, to our surprise, overexpression of A3B deaminase-dead double mutant (E68A/E255Q) led to similar results as wt-A3B in HCC. Furthermore, overexpression of wt-A3B and mutant A3B both enhanced cell cycle progression in HCC cells. Altogether, our data demonstrated a novel deaminase-independent role of A3B in contributing to HCC tumorigenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ma
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Daniel W-H Ho
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Karen M-F Sze
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Yu-Man Tsui
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Lo-Kong Chan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Joyce M-F Lee
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Irene O-L Ng
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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135
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Schuster EF, Gellert P, Segal CV, López-Knowles E, Buus R, Cheang MCU, Morden J, Robertson J, Bliss JM, Smith I, Dowsett M. Genomic Instability and TP53 Genomic Alterations Associate With Poor Antiproliferative Response and Intrinsic Resistance to Aromatase Inhibitor Treatment. JCO Precis Oncol 2019; 3:1800286. [PMID: 32914010 PMCID: PMC7446335 DOI: 10.1200/po.18.00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although aromatase inhibitor (AI) treatment is effective in estrogen receptor-positive postmenopausal breast cancer, resistance is common and incompletely explained. Genomic instability, as measured by somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs), is important in breast cancer development and prognosis. SCNAs to specific genes may drive intrinsic resistance, or high genomic instability may drive tumor heterogeneity, which allows differential response across tumors and surviving cells to evolve resistance to treatment rapidly. We therefore evaluated the relationship between SCNAs and intrinsic resistance to treatment as measured by a poor antiproliferative response. PATIENTS AND METHODS SCNAs were determined by single nucleotide polymorphism array in baseline and surgery core-cuts from 73 postmenopausal patients randomly assigned to receive 2 weeks of preoperative AI or no AI in the Perioperative Endocrine Therapy-Individualizing Care (POETIC) trial. Fifty-six samples from the AI group included 28 poor responders (PrRs, less than 60% reduction in protein encoded by the MKI67 gene [Ki-67]) and 28 good responders (GdRs, greater than 75% reduction in Ki-67). Exome sequencing was available for 72 pairs of samples. RESULTS Genomic instability correlated with Ki-67 expression at both baseline (P < .001) and surgery (P < .001) and was higher in PrRs (P = .048). The SCNA with the largest difference between GdRs and PrRs was loss of heterozygosity observed at 17p (false discovery rate, 0.08), which includes TP53. Nine of 28 PrRs had loss of wild-type TP53 as a result of mutations and loss of heterozygosity compared with three of 28 GdRs. In PrRs, somatic alterations of TP53 were associated with higher genomic instability, higher baseline Ki-67, and greater resistance to AI treatment compared with wild-type TP53. CONCLUSION We observed that primary tumors with high genomic instability have an intrinsic resistance to AI treatment and do not require additional evolution to develop resistance to estrogen deprivation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene F. Schuster
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Eugene F. Schuster, PhD, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Rd, London SW3 6JB, United Kingdom; e-mail:
| | - Pascal Gellert
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Corrinne V. Segal
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elena López-Knowles
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Buus
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - James Morden
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Ian Smith
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mitch Dowsett
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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136
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Althubiti MA. Mutation Frequencies in Endometrial Cancer Patients of Different Ethnicities and Tumor Grades: An Analytical Study. SAUDI JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018; 7:16-21. [PMID: 30787852 PMCID: PMC6381847 DOI: 10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_154_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Endometrial carcinoma is a predominant health problem for women worldwide. However, there is a lack of data on genetic mutation frequencies in endometrial cancer patients of different ethnicities and tumor grades. Objective: The objective of this study is to provide data regarding mutation frequencies in endometrial cancer patients of different ethnic groups and tumor grades by analyzing large-scale cancer genomic datasets of a database. Materials and Methods: The following databases of cBioPortal were explored for possible mutation frequency variations in endometrial cancer patients: the Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (TCGA, PanCancer Atlas) database for ethnicity-based studies; the Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (TCGA, Nature 2013) database for tumor grade-based study; and GDC Data Portal database for calculating survival rates using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results: PTEN mutation frequency was almost identical in all ethnic groups studied (White, Black/African American, Asian, Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, and American Indian or Asian Native). PIK3CA and ARID1A mutation frequencies were higher in White and Asian patients compared with other ethnicities; TP53 and FAT1 mutation frequencies were higher in Black/African Americans; and CTNNB1 and RYR2 mutation frequencies were higher Native Hawaiians or Asian Natives. TTN mutation frequency was lower in Asian patients. With regards to mutation frequencies at different tumor stages, in all genes, >50% of the mutations occurred during the first stage, except in TP53 and POLQ. In terms of prognosis in endometrial cancer considering the 10 most frequently mutated genes, PIK3CA and ARID1A mutations were correlated with good prognosis, whereas TP53 and PIK3R1 mutations were correlated with poor prognosis; mutations in all other genes did not show significant differences. Conclusion: This study revealed a new mutation frequency profile for different ethnicities and tumor grades in endometrial cancer patients. However, because this is a retrospective study, future prospective studies should be conducted including large sample sizes and more controlled measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Althubiti
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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137
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Craze ML, El-Ansari R, Aleskandarany MA, Cheng KW, Alfarsi L, Masisi B, Diez-Rodriguez M, Nolan CC, Ellis IO, Rakha EA, Green AR. Glutamate dehydrogenase (GLUD1) expression in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 174:79-91. [PMID: 30470977 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-5060-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulated cellular metabolism is one of the hallmarks of cancer with some tumours utilising the glutamine metabolism pathway for their sustained proliferation and survival. Glutamate dehydrogenase (GLUD1) is a key enzyme in glutaminolysis converting glutamate to α-ketoglutarate for entry into the TCA cycle. Breast cancer (BC) comprises a heterogeneous group of tumours in terms of molecular biology and clinical behaviour, and we have previously shown that altered glutamine metabolism varies substantially among the different molecular subtypes. We hypothesise that the prognostic value of GLUD1 expression will differ between the BC molecular subtypes and may act as a potential therapeutic target for BC tumours. METHODS GLUD1 was assessed at the DNA, mRNA (n = 1980) and protein (n = 1300) levels in large, well-characterised cohorts and correlated with clinicopathological parameters, molecular subtypes, patient outcome, and treatments. RESULTS There was a correlation between GLUD1 mRNA and GLUD1 protein expression which were highly expressed in low grade luminal/ER + BC (p < 0.01). GLUD1 mRNA and protein was associated with good patient outcome but not in any specific molecular subtypes. However, high GLUD1 protein expression was associated with a better outcome in triple negative (TN) patients treated with chemotherapy (p = 0.03). High GLUD1 mRNA was associated with the glutamine transporter, SLC1A5, and leucine transporter, SLC7A8 as well as mTOR (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION We provide comprehensive data indicating GLUD1 plays an important role in luminal/ER + BC. GLUD1 expression predicts a better patient outcome and we show that it has the potential for predicting response to chemotherapy in TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine L Craze
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK.
| | - Rokaya El-Ansari
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Mohammed A Aleskandarany
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Kiu Wai Cheng
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Lutfi Alfarsi
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Brendah Masisi
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Maria Diez-Rodriguez
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Christopher C Nolan
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Ian O Ellis
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK.,Cellular Pathology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Emad A Rakha
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK.,Cellular Pathology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Andrew R Green
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
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138
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Ungerleider NA, Rao SG, Shahbandi A, Yee D, Niu T, Frey WD, Jackson JG. Breast cancer survival predicted by TP53 mutation status differs markedly depending on treatment. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:115. [PMID: 30285883 PMCID: PMC6167800 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-1044-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies on the role of TP53 mutation in breast cancer treatment response and survival are contradictory and inconclusive, limited by the use of different endpoints to determine clinical significance and by small sample sizes that prohibit stratification by treatment. Methods We utilized large datasets to examine overall survival according to TP53 mutation status in patients across multiple clinical features and treatments. Results Confirming other studies, we found that in all patients and in hormone therapy-treated patients, TP53 wild-type status conferred superior 5-year overall survival, but survival curves crossed at 10 or more years. In contrast, further stratification within the large dataset revealed that in patients receiving chemotherapy and no hormone therapy, wild-type TP53 status conferred remarkably poor overall survival. This previously unrecognized inferior survival is consistent with p53 inducing arrest/senescence instead of apoptosis. Addition of hormone therapy to chemotherapy improved survival notably in patients with TP53 wild-type tumors, but not mutant, suggesting hormone therapy could eradicate arrested/senescent cells. Testing this, we found that estrogen receptor-positive, TP53 wild-type breast cancer cells that were made senescent by doxorubicin treatment were sensitive to tamoxifen. Conclusions The poor survival of chemotherapy-treated patients with TP53 wild-type tumors may be improved by strategies to eliminate senescent cells, including the addition of hormone therapy when appropriate. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-018-1044-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonia G Rao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, mail code 8543, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Ashkan Shahbandi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, mail code 8543, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Douglas Yee
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Tianhua Niu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, mail code 8543, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Wesley D Frey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, mail code 8543, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - James G Jackson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, mail code 8543, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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139
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Somatic Trp53 mutations differentially drive breast cancer and evolution of metastases. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3953. [PMID: 30262850 PMCID: PMC6160420 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06146-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
TP53 mutations are the most frequent genetic alterations in breast cancer and are associated with more aggressive disease and worse overall survival. We have created two conditional mutant Trp53 alleles in the mouse that allow expression of Trp53R172H or Trp53R245W missense mutations in single cells surrounded by a normal stroma and immune system. Mice with Trp53 mutations in a few breast epithelial cells develop breast cancers with high similarity to human breast cancer including triple negative. p53R245W tumors are the most aggressive and exhibit metastases to lung and liver. Development of p53R172H breast tumors with some metastases requires additional hits. Sequencing of primary tumors and metastases shows p53R245W drives a parallel evolutionary pattern of metastases. These in vivo models most closely simulate the genesis of human breast cancer and will thus be invaluable in testing novel therapeutic options. Mutations in TP53 gene are very common in cancer development. Here the authors take advantage of murine models to show that somatic Trp53 mutations differentially drive breast cancer and evolution of metastases.
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140
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Differences in prognosis and efficacy of chemotherapy by p53 expression in triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 172:437-444. [PMID: 30132220 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4928-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE TP53 mutation is the most common mutation in breast cancer, and it is considered a target marker of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We investigated whether expression of p53 detected by immunochemical staining predicts the chemotherapy response of TNBC. METHODS A total of 11,393 TNBC patients who had between stage I and stage III enrolled in the Korean Breast Cancer Society Registry database from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2015. There were 6,331 'p53-positive (+) TNBC' patients and 5062 'p53-negative (-) TNBC' patients. RESULTS In univariate analysis, p53(+) TNBC had a worse prognosis than p53(-) TNBC in patients not receiving chemotherapy (P = 0.003). However, there was no difference in prognosis between p53(+) TNBC and p53(-) TNBC for patients receiving chemotherapy. In multivariate analysis adjusted for age and stage, the risk of p53(+) TNBC was 1.84 times higher than that of p53(-) TNBC in the non-chemotherapy group. However, there was no difference between p53(+) TNBC and p53(-) TNBC in patients receiving chemotherapy. In p53(+) TNBC, the risk was 0.6-fold lower when chemotherapy was administered than when chemotherapy was not administered. However, in p53(-) TNBC, there was no risk reduction effect by chemotherapy. CONCLUSION The prognosis of p53(+) TNBC has worse than p53(-) TNBC, but the risk for survival was significantly reduced with chemotherapy. It suggests that p53(+) TNBC would be more sensitive to chemotherapy than p53(-) TNBC.
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141
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Fischer NW, Prodeus A, Gariépy J. Survival in males with glioma and gastric adenocarcinoma correlates with mutant p53 residual transcriptional activity. JCI Insight 2018; 3:121364. [PMID: 30089713 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.121364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is currently no clinical distinction between different TP53 mutations, despite increasing evidence that not all mutations have equally deleterious effects on the activity of the encoded tumor suppressor protein p53. The objective of this study was to determine whether these biological differences have clinical significance. METHODS This retrospective cohort analysis included 2,074 patients with sporadic TP53 mutations (403 unique mutations) and 1,049 germline TP53 mutation carriers (188 unique mutations). Survival was projected by stratifying patients according to their p53 mutant-specific residual transcriptional activity scores. RESULTS Pan-cancer survival analyses revealed a strong association between increased mutant p53 residual activity and improved survival in males with glioma and gastric adenocarcinoma (P = 0.002 and P = 0.02) that was not present in the female cohorts (P = 0.16 and P = 0.50). Male glioma and gastric cancer patients with TP53 mutations resulting in >5% transcriptional activity had 3.1-fold (95% CI, 2.4-3.8; P = 0.002; multivariate analysis hazard ratio [HR]) and 4.6-fold (95% CI, 3.7-5.6; P = 0.001; multivariate analysis HR) lower risk of death as compared with patients harboring inactive (0% activity) p53 mutants. The correlation between mutant p53 residual activity with survival was recapitulated in the dataset of germline TP53 mutation carriers (HR = 3.0, 95% CI, 2.7-3.4, P < 0.001 [females]; HR = 2.2, 95% CI, 1.8-2.6, P < 0.001 [males]), where brain and gastric tumors were more common among males (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION The retention of mutant p53 transcriptional activity prognosticates superior survival for men with glioma and gastric adenocarcinoma harboring sporadic TP53 mutations. Among germline TP53 mutation carriers, increased residual transcriptional activity is correlated with prolonged lifetime cancer survival and delayed tumor onset, and males are more prone to develop brain and gastric tumors. FUNDING Canadian Institutes of Health Research (no. 148556).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W Fischer
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaron Prodeus
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean Gariépy
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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142
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Mehta SY, Morten BC, Antony J, Henderson L, Lasham A, Campbell H, Cunliffe H, Horsfield JA, Reddel RR, Avery-Kiejda KA, Print CG, Braithwaite AW. Regulation of the interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) pathway by p63 and Δ133p53 isoform in different breast cancer subtypes. Oncotarget 2018; 9:29146-29161. [PMID: 30018742 PMCID: PMC6044385 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The TP53 family consists of three sets of transcription factor genes, TP53, TP63 and TP73, each of which expresses multiple RNA variants and protein isoforms. Of these, TP53 is mutated in 25-30% of breast cancers. How TP53 mutations affect the interaction of TP53 family members and their isoforms in breast cancer is unknown. To investigate this, 3 independent breast cancer cohorts were stratified into 4 groups based on oestrogen receptor (ER) and TP53 mutation status. Using bioinformatic methodologies, principal signalling pathways associated with the expression of TP53 family members were identified. Results show an enrichment of IFN-γ signalling associated with TP63 RNA in wild type TP53 (wtTP53), ER negative (ER-) tumours and with Δ133TP53 RNA in mutant TP53 (mTP53) ER positive (ER+) tumours. Moreover, tumours with low IFN-γ signalling were associated with significantly poorer patient outcome. The predicted changes in expression of a subset of RNAs involved in IFN-γ signalling were confirmed in vitro. Our data show that different members of the TP53 family can drive transcription of genes involved in IFN-γ signalling in different breast cancer subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunali Y Mehta
- Pathology Department, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Brianna C Morten
- Priority Research Centre for Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Calvary Mater Hospital, Waratah NSW, Australia
| | - Jisha Antony
- Pathology Department, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Luke Henderson
- Pathology Department, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Annette Lasham
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hamish Campbell
- Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Julia A Horsfield
- Pathology Department, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Roger R Reddel
- Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Kelly A Avery-Kiejda
- Priority Research Centre for Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Calvary Mater Hospital, Waratah NSW, Australia
| | - Cristin G Print
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Antony W Braithwaite
- Pathology Department, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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143
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Williams LA, Butler EN, Sun X, Allott EH, Cohen SM, Fuller AM, Hoadley KA, Perou CM, Geradts J, Olshan AF, Troester MA. TP53 protein levels, RNA-based pathway assessment, and race among invasive breast cancer cases. NPJ Breast Cancer 2018; 4:13. [PMID: 29951581 PMCID: PMC6018637 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-018-0067-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in tumor suppressor TP53 have been inconsistently linked to breast cancer risk factors and survival. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, a primary clinical means of TP53 mutation determination, only detects mutations that facilitate protein accumulation (e.g., missense mutations). RNA-based pathway methods capture functional status and may aid in understanding the role of TP53 function in racial disparities of breast cancer. TP53 status was assessed among invasive breast cancer cases from the Carolina Breast Cancer Study (CBCS) (2008–2013) using IHC and an established RNA-based TP53 signature (CBCS and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)). Frequency of TP53 status (IHC, RNA-based) was estimated in association with tumor characteristics, PAM50 intrinsic subtype, age, and race using relative frequency differences (RFDs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) as the measure of association. Approximately 60% of basal-like tumors were TP53 protein positive (IHC), while nearly 100% were TP53 mutant-like (RNA). Luminal A tumors had low frequency of TP53 positivity (IHC: 7.9%) and mutant-like status (RNA: 1.7%). Mutant-like TP53 (RNA) was strongly associated with age ≤50 years, high tumor grade, advanced stage of disease, large tumor size, and basal-like and HER2 intrinsic subtypes. Black race was strongly associated with TP53 mutant-like status (RNA) (RFD: 24.8%, 95% CI: 20.5, 29.0) even after adjusting for age, grade, stage (RFD: 11.3%; 95% CI: 7.6, 15.0). Associations were attenuated and non-significant when measured by IHC. IHC-based TP53 status is an insensitive measurement of TP53 functional status. RNA-based methods suggest a role for TP53 in tumor prognostic features and racial disparities. RNA-based assays offer a more sensitive and clinically informative measure of mutations in the tumor suppressor TP53 among women with invasive breast cancer than do immunohistochemistry techniques that can only detect altered proteins. Using tumor samples from more than 1000 women enrolled in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study (CBCS), Melissa Troester from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA, and coworkers assessed the functional status of TP53 via both classical immunohistochemistry methods and an RNA-based test of expression levels among 52 TP53-dependent genes. The results of the RNA analysis were strongly associated with younger age-of-onset, higher grade tumors, more advanced stage disease, larger tumor size, aggressive cancer subtypes and race—with more black women harboring TP53 mutant-like tumors than white women. By comparison, these associations were weaker or non-significant when using immunohistochemistry-based tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay A Williams
- 1Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Ebonee N Butler
- 1Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Xuezheng Sun
- 1Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Emma H Allott
- 2Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Stephanie M Cohen
- 3Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Ashley M Fuller
- 4Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Katherine A Hoadley
- 3Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.,5Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Charles M Perou
- 5Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Joseph Geradts
- 6Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- 1Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Melissa A Troester
- 1Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.,3Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.,4Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
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144
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Bado I, Pham E, Soibam B, Nikolos F, Gustafsson JÅ, Thomas C. ERβ alters the chemosensitivity of luminal breast cancer cells by regulating p53 function. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22509-22522. [PMID: 29854295 PMCID: PMC5976481 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive breast cancers tend to develop resistance to both endocrine therapy and chemotherapy. Despite recent progress in defining molecular pathways that confer endocrine resistance, the mechanisms that regulate chemotherapy response in luminal tumors remain largely elusive. Luminal tumors often express wild-type p53 that is a major determinant of the cellular DNA damage response. Similar to p53, the second ER subtype, ERβ, has been reported to inhibit breast tumorigenesis by acting alone or in collaboration with p53. However, a synergistic mechanism of action has not been described. Here, we suggest that ERβ relies on p53 to elicit its tumor repressive actions in ERα-positive breast cancer cells. Upregulation of ERβ and treatment with ERβ agonists potentiates the tumor suppressor function of p53 resulting in decreased survival. This effect requires molecular interaction between the two proteins that disrupts the inhibitory action of ERα on p53 leading to increased transcriptional activity of p53. In addition, we show that the same interaction alters the chemosensitivity of endocrine-resistant cells including their response to tamoxifen therapy. Our results suggest a collaboration of ERβ and p53 tumor suppressor activity in breast cancer cells that indicates the importance of ligand-regulated ERβ as a tool to target p53 activity and improve the clinical management of resistant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Bado
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Eric Pham
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Benjamin Soibam
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering Technology, University of Houston-Downtown, Huston, Texas, USA
| | - Fotis Nikolos
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Innovative Medicine, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Christoforos Thomas
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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145
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Meric-Bernstam F, Zheng X, Shariati M, Damodaran S, Wathoo C, Brusco L, Demirhan ME, Tapia C, Eterovic AK, Basho RK, Ueno NT, Janku F, Sahin A, Rodon J, Broaddus R, Kim TB, Mendelsohn J, Mills Shaw KR, Tripathy D, Mills GB, Chen K. Survival Outcomes by TP53 Mutation Status in Metastatic Breast Cancer. JCO Precis Oncol 2018; 2018. [PMID: 30035249 DOI: 10.1200/po.17.00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We sought to determine the significant genomic alterations in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC), and survival outcomes in common genotypes. Patients and Methods High-depth next generation sequencing was performed for 202 genes in tumor and normal DNA from 257 patients with MBC, including 165 patients with ER/PR+ HER2- (hormone receptor positive, HR+ positive), 32 patients with HER2+ and 60 patients with triple negative (ER/PR/HER2-) cancer. Kaplan Meier survival analysis was performed in our discovery set, in breast cancer patients analyzed in The Cancer Genome Atlas, and in a separate cohort of 98 patients with MBC who underwent clinical genomic testing. Results Significantly mutated genes (SMGs) varied by histology and tumor subtype, but TP53 was a SMG in all three subtypes. The most SMGs in HR+ patients included PIK3CA (32%), TP53 (29%), GATA3 (15%), CDH1 (8%), MAP3K1 (8%), PTEN (5%), TGFBR2 (4%), AKT1 (4%), and MAP2K4 (4%). TP53 mutations were associated with shorter recurrence-free survival (P=0.004), progression-free survival (P=0.00057) and overall survival (P=0.003). Further, TP53 status was prognostic among HR+ patients with PIK3CA mutations. TP53 mutations were also associated with poorer overall survival in the 442 HR+ breast cancer patients in the TCGA (P=0.042) and in an independent set of 96 HR+ MBC who underwent clinical sequencing (P=0.0004). Conclusions SMGs differ by tumor subtype but TP53 is significantly mutated in all three breast cancer subtypes. TP53 mutations are associated with poor prognosis in HR+ breast cancer. TP53 mutations should be considered in the design and interpretation of precision oncology trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funda Meric-Bernstam
- The Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030.,Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030.,Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- Department of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Maryam Shariati
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Senthil Damodaran
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030.,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Chetna Wathoo
- The Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Lauren Brusco
- The Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030.,Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Mehmet Esat Demirhan
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Coya Tapia
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030.,Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Agda Karina Eterovic
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Reva K Basho
- Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030.,current address: Cedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, CA 90048
| | - Naoto T Ueno
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Filip Janku
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Aysegul Sahin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Jordi Rodon
- The Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030.,Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Russell Broaddus
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Tae-Beom Kim
- Department of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - John Mendelsohn
- The Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030.,Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Kenna R Mills Shaw
- The Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Debu Tripathy
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Gordon B Mills
- The Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030.,Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Ken Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
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146
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Kamps-Hughes N, McUsic A, Kurihara L, Harkins TT, Pal P, Ray C, Ionescu-Zanetti C. ERASE-Seq: Leveraging replicate measurements to enhance ultralow frequency variant detection in NGS data. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195272. [PMID: 29630678 PMCID: PMC5890993 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The accurate detection of ultralow allele frequency variants in DNA samples is of interest in both research and medical settings, particularly in liquid biopsies where cancer mutational status is monitored from circulating DNA. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies employing molecular barcoding have shown promise but significant sensitivity and specificity improvements are still needed to detect mutations in a majority of patients before the metastatic stage. To address this we present analytical validation data for ERASE-Seq (Elimination of Recurrent Artifacts and Stochastic Errors), a method for accurate and sensitive detection of ultralow frequency DNA variants in NGS data. ERASE-Seq differs from previous methods by creating a robust statistical framework to utilize technical replicates in conjunction with background error modeling, providing a 10 to 100-fold reduction in false positive rates compared to published molecular barcoding methods. ERASE-Seq was tested using spiked human DNA mixtures with clinically realistic DNA input quantities to detect SNVs and indels between 0.05% and 1% allele frequency, the range commonly found in liquid biopsy samples. Variants were detected with greater than 90% sensitivity and a false positive rate below 0.1 calls per 10,000 possible variants. The approach represents a significant performance improvement compared to molecular barcoding methods and does not require changing molecular reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Kamps-Hughes
- Fluxion Biosciences Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Andrew McUsic
- Swift Biosciences Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Laurie Kurihara
- Swift Biosciences Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Timothy T Harkins
- Swift Biosciences Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Prithwish Pal
- Illumina Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Claire Ray
- Illumina Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
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147
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Pop LA, Cojocneanu-Petric RM, Pileczki V, Morar-Bolba G, Irimie A, Lazar V, Lombardo C, Paradiso A, Berindan-Neagoe I. Genetic alterations in sporadic triple negative breast cancer. Breast 2018; 38:30-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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148
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Joseph C, Macnamara O, Craze M, Russell R, Provenzano E, Nolan CC, Diez-Rodriguez M, Sonbul SN, Aleskandarany MA, Green AR, Rakha EA, Ellis IO, Mukherjee A. Mediator complex (MED) 7: a biomarker associated with good prognosis in invasive breast cancer, especially ER+ luminal subtypes. Br J Cancer 2018; 118:1142-1151. [PMID: 29588513 PMCID: PMC5931067 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mediator complex (MED) proteins have a key role in transcriptional regulation, some interacting with the oestrogen receptor (ER). Interrogation of the METABRIC cohort suggested that MED7 may regulate lymphovascular invasion (LVI). Thus MED7 expression was assessed in large breast cancer (BC) cohorts to determine clinicopathological significance. Methods MED7 gene expression was investigated in the METABRIC cohort (n = 1980) and externally validated using bc-GenExMiner v4.0. Immunohistochemical expression was assessed in the Nottingham primary BC series (n = 1280). Associations with clinicopathological variables and patient outcome were evaluated. Results High MED7 mRNA and protein expression was associated with good prognostic factors: low grade, smaller tumour size, good NPI, positive hormone receptor status (p < 0.001), and negative LVI (p = 0.04) status. Higher MED7 protein expression was associated with improved BC-specific survival within the whole cohort and ER+/luminal subgroup. Pooled MED7 gene expression data in the external validation cohort confirmed association with better survival, corroborating with the protein expression. On multivariate analysis, MED7 protein was independently predictive of longer BC-specific survival in the whole cohort and Luminal A subtype (p < 0.001). Conclusions MED7 is an important prognostic marker in BC, particularly in ER+luminal subtypes, associated with improved survival and warrants future functional analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Joseph
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Olivia Macnamara
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Madeleine Craze
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | | | - Elena Provenzano
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christopher C Nolan
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Maria Diez-Rodriguez
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Sultan N Sonbul
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Mohammed A Aleskandarany
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Andrew R Green
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Emad A Rakha
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Ian O Ellis
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Abhik Mukherjee
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK.
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149
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de Cremoux P, Biard L, Poirot B, Bertheau P, Teixeira L, Lehmann-Che J, Bouhidel FA, Merlet P, Espié M, Resche-Rigon M, Sotiriou C, Groheux D. 18FDG-PET/CT and molecular markers to predict response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and outcome in HER2-negative advanced luminal breast cancers patients. Oncotarget 2018; 9:16343-16353. [PMID: 29662649 PMCID: PMC5893244 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens in advanced luminal breast cancer patients is difficult to predict. Intrinsic properties of breast tumors, including altered gene expression profile and dynamic evaluation of metabolic properties of tumor cells using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) of tumor cells, have been identified to guide patient's prognosis. The aim of this study is to determine if both analyses may improve the prediction of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in ER-positive / HER2-negative breast cancers (BCs) patients. Methods We used metabolic PET parameters, at diagnosis and after two cycles of chemotherapy and proliferation gene expression profile on biopsy at diagnosis, in particular, the genomic grade index (GGI) analyzed by reverse transcription and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The pathological response was the surrogate endpoint. Results The change of FDG uptake between baseline PET and interim PET after 2 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (ΔSUVmax) was highly associated with pCR (p=0.008). We also observed an ability of P53 mutated status (p=0.042), in addition to histological grade (p=0. 0004), and PR expression (p=0.01) to predict pCR in ER-positive BCs, whereas no proliferation marker predicted pCR (P=0.39 for GGI). Finally, only ΔSUVmax was significantly associated with event free survival (p=0.047). Conclusions Our results confirm the predictive and prognostic value of tumor ΔSUVmax in ER-positive /HER2-negative advanced BCs patients. These findings can be helpful to select high-risk patients within trials investigating novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia de Cremoux
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France.,University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM/CNRS UMR944/7212, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Biard
- Department of Biostatistics, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France.,University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1153 ECSTRA team, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Poirot
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Bertheau
- Department of Pathology, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France.,University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S-1165, Paris, France
| | - Luis Teixeira
- University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM/CNRS UMR944/7212, Paris, France.,Breast Diseases Unit, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jacqueline Lehmann-Che
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France.,University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM/CNRS UMR944/7212, Paris, France
| | | | - Pascal Merlet
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marc Espié
- University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM/CNRS UMR944/7212, Paris, France.,Breast Diseases Unit, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Resche-Rigon
- Department of Biostatistics, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France.,University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1153 ECSTRA team, Paris, France
| | - Christos Sotiriou
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - David Groheux
- University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM/CNRS UMR944/7212, Paris, France.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
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150
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An integrative bioinformatics approach reveals coding and non-coding gene variants associated with gene expression profiles and outcome in breast cancer molecular subtypes. Br J Cancer 2018; 118:1107-1114. [PMID: 29559730 PMCID: PMC5931099 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0030-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sequence variations in coding and non-coding regions of the genome can affect gene expression and signalling pathways, which in turn may influence disease outcome. Methods In this study, we integrated somatic mutations, gene expression and clinical data from 930 breast cancer patients included in the TCGA database. Genes associated with single mutations in molecular breast cancer subtypes were identified by the Mann-Whitney U-test and their prognostic value was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. Results were confirmed using gene expression profiles from the Metabric data set (n = 1988) and whole-genome sequencing data from the TCGA cohort (n = 117). Results The overall mutation rate in coding and non-coding regions were significantly higher in ER-negative/HER2-negative tumours (P = 2.8E–03 and P = 2.4E–07, respectively). Recurrent sequence variations were identified in non-coding regulatory regions of several cancer-associated genes, including NBPF1, PIK3CA and TP53. After multivariate regression analysis, gene signatures associated with three coding mutations (CDH1, MAP3K1 and TP53) and two non-coding variants (CRTC3 and STAG2) in cancer-related genes predicted prognosis in ER-positive/HER2-negative tumours. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that sequence alterations influence gene expression and oncogenic pathways, possibly affecting the outcome of breast cancer patients. Our data provide potential opportunities to identify non-coding variations with functional and clinical relevance in breast cancer.
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