101
|
Pinello KC, Niza-Ribeiro J, Fonseca L, de Matos AJ. Incidence, characteristics and geographical distributions of canine and human non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the Porto region (North West Portugal). Vet J 2019; 245:70-76. [PMID: 30819429 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Lymphoma is one of the most common neoplasms in dogs and it is one of the top five causes of cancer-related deaths, similar to human lymphoma. Companion animal epidemiological studies define dogs as sentinels of potential risk factors for human health, mainly due to shared environments, shorter disease latencies, and spontaneous disease. The aims of this study were to describe human and canine epidemiologic features of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and their similarities, and to investigate a possible geographical association in the incidence risks in the Greater Porto area, in north-western Portugal. The postal codes of human NHL patients diagnosed between 2005 and 2010 residing in the Greater Porto, Portugal, were obtained from North and Central Region Cancer Registries of Portugal. Available data from dogs diagnosed with lymphoma between 2005 and 2016 from several veterinary centres were also collected. Descriptive epidemiology, mapping cases, and age-standardised risks of NHL incidence (ASR) were determined for both species. The results showed a higher risk (P<0.05) of NHL in men (ASR men: 18.1 cases/100,000 inhabitants; women: 14.2 cases/100,000 inhabitants) and in male dogs (ASR males: 82 cases/100,000 dogs; females: 70 cases/100,000 dogs). The geographical distribution of human and canine ASR was well correlated (r=0.664, P<0.05), with the highest values for human and canine ASR detected in the same urban municipalities of the Greater Porto: Porto, Matosinhos and Maia. These findings suggest the existence of exposure similarities, supporting the relevance of cancer surveillance in pet animals as efficient tools to predict health hazards for humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K C Pinello
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal.
| | - J Niza-Ribeiro
- Department of Population Studies, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit, Institute of Public Health, ISPUP, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - L Fonseca
- Mapis, Mapping Intelligent Solutions, Porto, Portugal
| | - A J de Matos
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; Animal Science and Study Centre, CECA, Food and Agrarian Sciences and Technologies Institute, University of Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Ceres K, Fitzgerald H, Quiznon KS, McDonough S, Behling-Kelly E. Immunohistochemical Labeling of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor and Scavenger Receptor Class B Type 1 Are Increased in Canine Lymphoma. Front Vet Sci 2019; 5:340. [PMID: 30687727 PMCID: PMC6336922 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered lipid metabolism is a well-documented hallmark of neoplastic transformation and impacts disease progression. Two major lipoprotein receptors, the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) and scavenger receptor class B, type 1 (SR-BI) are overexpressed in a number of cancer types in people. These receptors serve to deliver cholesterol to the tumor cells and have been used to target drug therapies. In this study, we performed a retrospective analysis of LDL-R and SR-B1 expression in canine lymphoma using archived formalin-fixed tissue samples. Cases were immunophenotyped and classified according to World Health Organization (WHO) standards prior to immunostaining for the LDL_R and SR-B1. A total of 45 cases were evaluated; 21 high grade B (HGB), 11 low grade B (LGB), 7 high grade T (HGT), and 6 low grade T (LGT) lymphomas. One sided Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to compare staining intensity between neoplastic and hyperplastic lymphoid tissue. The relationships between histological score and tumor grade and score and stage at presentation were assessed using non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests. Neoplastic lymphoid tissue expressed higher levels of both receptors compared to reactive lymph nodes. Median LDL-R score was 85.0 (interquartile range = 101.7), Median SR-B1 score was 209.0 (interquartile range 105.2). No relationship between LDL-R or SR-B1 staining score and tumor grade or phenotype was found. Serum cholesterol concentration was compared between dogs with high and low grade tumors using a two sample T-test, and correlations between cholesterol concentration and histological score, and between the score for the two receptors were determined using a Spearman correlation. The high expression level of these lipoprotein receptors on most of the tumors could underlie the lack of relationship between score and tumor grade. The overexpression of LDL-R and SR-B1 in canine lymphoma holds therapeutic potential particularly in dogs that overexpress one or both of these receptors, and this warrants further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Ceres
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Services, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Halle Fitzgerald
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | | | - Sean McDonough
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Erica Behling-Kelly
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Services, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
|
104
|
Mikkelsen LH, Holm F, Clasen-Linde E, Engraff P, Heegaard S. T cell-lymphoma in the eyelid of a 9-year-old English Setter. Acta Vet Scand 2018; 60:79. [PMID: 30522494 PMCID: PMC6284267 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-018-0432-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eyelid tumours are frequently found in dogs, most of these being benign. In case of an ulcerating eyelid tumour, malignancy must be considered. We report a unique case of a low-grade peripheral T-cell lymphoma in the eyelid of a 9-year-old English Setter. CASE PRESENTATION A 9-year-old Setter presented with a 6-month history of an eyelid ulcer. A malignant eyelid neoplasm was suspected, and the lesion was surgically excised. No other treatment was applied, and 19 months after excision the dog was still well. Histopathology revealed a diffuse lymphocytic infiltrate in the eyelid skin. Ulceration of the epithelium was seen, and the underlying tumour was composed of round and poorly demarcated pleomorphic tumour cells. The cytoplasm was pale and the nuclei heterogeneous. Numerous mitoses were present. The tumour cells stained strongly for CD3. The final diagnosis was a peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (NOS). CONCLUSIONS This is the first described case of a solitary T-cell lymphoma NOS in the haired eyelid skin in a dog. Lymphoma should be considered in case of a persistent eyelid ulcer and a biopsy should be performed. T-cell lymphoma is generally an aggressive disease; however, indolent cases are well known, and as this case shows, complete excision of a solitary T-cell lymphoma can be curable. Canine cutaneous epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma is an important differential diagnosis, which must be recognized as the prognosis is very poor and systemic treatment is mandatory. The sub-classification of canine lymphoma is not complete, and further studies are needed to identify lymphoma subgroups and provide treatment guidelines.
Collapse
|
105
|
Holm F, Hardon T, Clasen‐Linde E, Hjorth Mikkelsen L, Heegaard S. B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma of the nictitating membrane as the first presenting sign in a 2-year-old Springer Spaniel. Clin Case Rep 2018; 6:2246-2251. [PMID: 30455930 PMCID: PMC6230651 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.1862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma is an aggressive malignant disease. Necropsy and microscopical examination revealed widespread disease with a high proliferation index. This is the first reported case of B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma presenting in the ocular region and only the second reported lymphoma of the nictitating membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Holm
- Department of Pathology, RigshospitaletUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | | | - Erik Clasen‐Linde
- Department of Pathology, RigshospitaletUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Lauge Hjorth Mikkelsen
- Department of Pathology, RigshospitaletUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet‐GlostrupUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Steffen Heegaard
- Department of Pathology, RigshospitaletUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet‐GlostrupUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Martini V, Melega M, Riondato F, Marconato L, Cozzi M, Bernardi S, Comazzi S, Aresu L. A retrospective study of flow cytometric characterization of suspected extranodal lymphomas in dogs. J Vet Diagn Invest 2018; 30:830-836. [PMID: 30264662 DOI: 10.1177/1040638718804301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Flow cytometry (FC) is widely applied to characterize and stage nodal lymphomas in dogs because it has a short turnaround time, requires minimally invasive sampling, and allows contemporary evaluation of neoplastic cells in the primary lesion and of blood and marrow involvement. We investigated advantages and limitations of FC in suspected extranodal lymphomas in dogs. The likelihood of obtaining a suitable FC sample was significantly lower for aspirates of extranodal lesions than for lymph node aspirates. However, we noted no differences among different extranodal lesion sites. We also describe FC results for 39 samples compatible with extranodal lymphoma. A dominant population of large cells was easily identified on morphologic FC scattergrams in many cases. Phenotypic aberrancies were frequently present, mainly in T-cell lymphomas. Lymphoma cells were distinguishable from normal residual lymphocytes in >85% of cases, facilitating the quantification of putative blood and marrow involvement by FC. Despite the high percentage of non-diagnostic samples (32 of 73, >40%), we support the inclusion of FC in the diagnostic workup of suspected extranodal lymphomas in dogs, in conjunction with histopathology. Histopathology is the gold standard for diagnosing lymphoma, provides relevant information, including tissue invasion and epitheliotropism, but has a longer turnaround time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Martini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy (Martini, Cozzi, Bernardi, Comazzi).,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy (Melega, Riondato, Aresu).,Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Sasso Marconi, Bologna, Italy (Marconato)
| | - Maverick Melega
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy (Martini, Cozzi, Bernardi, Comazzi).,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy (Melega, Riondato, Aresu).,Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Sasso Marconi, Bologna, Italy (Marconato)
| | - Fulvio Riondato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy (Martini, Cozzi, Bernardi, Comazzi).,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy (Melega, Riondato, Aresu).,Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Sasso Marconi, Bologna, Italy (Marconato)
| | - Laura Marconato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy (Martini, Cozzi, Bernardi, Comazzi).,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy (Melega, Riondato, Aresu).,Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Sasso Marconi, Bologna, Italy (Marconato)
| | - Marzia Cozzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy (Martini, Cozzi, Bernardi, Comazzi).,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy (Melega, Riondato, Aresu).,Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Sasso Marconi, Bologna, Italy (Marconato)
| | - Serena Bernardi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy (Martini, Cozzi, Bernardi, Comazzi).,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy (Melega, Riondato, Aresu).,Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Sasso Marconi, Bologna, Italy (Marconato)
| | - Stefano Comazzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy (Martini, Cozzi, Bernardi, Comazzi).,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy (Melega, Riondato, Aresu).,Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Sasso Marconi, Bologna, Italy (Marconato)
| | - Luca Aresu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy (Martini, Cozzi, Bernardi, Comazzi).,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy (Melega, Riondato, Aresu).,Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Sasso Marconi, Bologna, Italy (Marconato)
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Parachini-Winter C, Curran KM, Russell DS, Gorman E. A case of canine high-grade T-cell lymphoma immunophenotypically consistent with T-zone lymphoma. Vet Clin Pathol 2018; 47:643-648. [PMID: 30229963 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A 9-year-old spayed female Curly Coated Retriever was referred for evaluation of generalized peripheral lymphadenomegaly. The dog was clinically healthy on presentation with no anomalies detected on complete blood count, serum biochemistry, urinalysis, or three-view thoracic radiographs. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and cytology of the peripheral lymph nodes were consistent with lymphoma with an intermediate-sized lymphoid population. Flow cytometry of peripheral lymph nodes was consistent with a homogeneous population of CD4+ T cells that had lost expression of the pan-leukocyte antigen CD45. Variable expression of CD21, CD25, and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) were also noted. This was considered consistent with T-zone lymphoma (TZL), although the T cells were noted to be larger than usual based on flow cytometry. Due to the suspected indolent nature of this patient's disease and clinical progression, a careful monitoring approach was initially discussed with the owner. However, additional diagnostic testing was performed to confirm the diagnosis. Bone marrow cytology did not show any significant anomalies. The largest lymph node (left mandibular) was extirpated and submitted for histopathology. Based on the lymph node architecture, cellular features, and high mitotic activity, an unexpected diagnosis of peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) was made. The dog was started on CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) chemotherapy. This case illustrates the limitations of using flow cytometry as the sole means of diagnosing TZL and highlights the importance of using complementary tests when subtyping canine lymphoma, which is significant when considering a patient's treatment plan and prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Parachini-Winter
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Kaitlin M Curran
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Duncan S Russell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Elena Gorman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Hill FI, Kelly AR, Davis AM, Tse MPY. Large B‐cell lymphoma in the colon and mesocolon of a Thoroughbred racehorse: Detection prior to development of clinical signs using clinicopathological markers of inflammation. EQUINE VET EDUC 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.12993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. I. Hill
- City U Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences City University of Hong Kong KowloonHong Kong
| | - A. R. Kelly
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Services Equine Hospital The Hong Kong Jockey Club Sha Tin Racecourse Sha Tin Hong Kong
| | - A. M. Davis
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Services Equine Hospital The Hong Kong Jockey Club Sha Tin Racecourse Sha Tin Hong Kong
| | - M. P. Y. Tse
- City U Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences City University of Hong Kong KowloonHong Kong
- Animal Health Diagnostic Centre Cornell University Ithaca New York USA
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Miniscalco B, Poggi A, Martini V, Morello E, Sulce M, Melega M, Borrelli A, Tarducci A, Riondato F. Flow Cytometric Characterization of S-phase Fraction and Ploidy in Lymph Node Aspirates from Dogs with Lymphoma. J Comp Pathol 2018; 161:34-42. [PMID: 30173856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Canine lymphoma is a multifaceted disease encompassing numerous entities with different prognosis. Objective assessment of the proliferation rate is of importance from the pathological and clinical perspectives. Different methods have been described in the literature to assess proliferation rate, including evaluation of Ki67 expression in fresh lymph node (LN) aspirates measured by flow cytometry (FC). This test has a high accuracy in discriminating between low- and high-grade lymphomas, and provides prognostic information among high-grade B-cell lymphomas. DNA content analysis is less expensive and suitable for well-preserved samples. We describe DNA-content analysis using LN aspirates from 112 dogs with lymphoma. S-phase fraction (SPF) accurately discriminated between low- and high-grade lymphomas, with 3.15% being the best discriminating cut-off value. SPF values strongly correlated with Ki67 expression as assessed by FC. Survival analyses were restricted to 33 dogs with high-grade B-cell lymphoma receiving standardized multi-agent chemotherapy, but no significant result was obtained for SPF. We also describe a subset of aneuploid cases and their respective follow-up. We conclude that DNA content analysis may be combined with morphological examination of LN aspirates to improve the objectivity in lymphoma subtype classification in dogs. Further studies are needed to assess the possible prognostic role of SPF and ploidy status within specific lymphoma subtypes in dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Miniscalco
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - A Poggi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - V Martini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, Milan, Italy
| | - E Morello
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - M Sulce
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - M Melega
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - A Borrelli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - A Tarducci
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - F Riondato
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Transcriptome analysis of ABCB1, ABCG2 and the BCL2/BAX ratio in refractory and relapsed canine lymphomas under treatment and rescue protocol. ACTA VET-BEOGRAD 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/acve-2018-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The main problems that cause unresponsiveness to an anti-neoplastic drug are the overexpression of drug resistant and anti-apoptotic proteins in tumor cells. In a rescue protocol we evaluated the ability of toceranib phosphate concurrent with lomustine (CCNU) or L-asparaginase and vincristine to decrease drug resistant and apoptotic proteins in relapsed and refractory canine lymphomas. The peripheral blood samples were collected before and after the rescue treatment from fourteen dogs that were refractory to cyclophosphamide-vincristine-prednisolone (COP) or COP-doxorubicin (CHOP) treatment and had recurrent multicentric lymphoma. The mRNA expression level of ABCB1, ABCG2, Bcl2 and Bax were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. The fold-change in ABCB1, ABCG2, Bcl2 and Bax mRNA levels were analyzed in correlation with the progression-free survival (PFS). After the rescue treatment, the ABCB1 and ABCG2 mRNA expression levels were 1.57- and 1.85-fold lower (p = 0.4 and p = 0.87), respectively, compared to pre-treatment. Bcl2/Bax ratio was numerically but not significantly decreased 1.02-fold (p = 0.74). The overall response rate of this protocol was 50% with a median PFS of 79 days (range 14-207 days). The low medians of relative expression levels of ABCB1, ABCG2 and Bcl2/Bax ratio group did not correlate with the clinical outcomes when compared to the high medians of relative expression levels, and likewise with the clinical stage, immunophenotype, histological grade and sub-stage. Therefore, the administration of a rescue drug with toceranib phosphate might be beneficial in refractory and relapsed canine lymphoma.
Collapse
|
111
|
Van Rooyen LJ, Hooijberg E, Reyers F. Breed prevalence of canine lymphoma in South Africa. J S Afr Vet Assoc 2018; 89:e1-e11. [PMID: 29781671 PMCID: PMC6138093 DOI: 10.4102/jsava.v89i0.1530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma is a common haematopoietic neoplasm in dogs. Several breeds have been shown to have a predisposition to lymphoma; however, very little information exists regarding the South African dog population. This study assessed whether any breed had increased odds of developing lymphoma compared with others, and also investigated the effects of age, sex and neutering status on disease prevalence. Two study populations and their corresponding reference populations were studied retrospectively. Odds ratios (ORs) for lymphoma in 49 dog breeds, together with their 95% confidence intervals (CI), were calculated. Age effect was assessed by calculating ORs for different age categories in one of the populations. The chi-square test was used to evaluate differences in the prevalence of the various sex and neutering categories in one lymphoma population compared with its reference population. Fourteen breeds had significantly increased odds of developing lymphoma, and one breed had significantly decreased odds (p < 0.050). The median ages of the two lymphoma populations were 6.5 and 8.0 years, with the 6.1-9.0 year category having significantly increased odds of developing lymphoma (OR 1.61, CI 1.2-2.16, p = 0.002). In one of the lymphoma populations, higher proportions of males (p = 0.033) and neutered females (p = 0.006) were found when compared with the reference population. These findings suggest that certain breeds in South Africa have a higher risk of developing lymphoma, and that sex hormones may play a role in lymphoma pathogenesis. The findings may provide useful information for pet owners and veterinarians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liesl J Van Rooyen
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, University of Pretoria, South Africa; IDEXX Laboratories (Pty) Ltd, Johannesburg.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
112
|
Hume KR, Sylvester SR, Borlle L, Balkman CE, McCleary-Wheeler AL, Pulvino M, Casulo C, Zhao J. Metabolic Abnormalities Detected in Phase II Evaluation of Doxycycline in Dogs with Multicentric B-Cell Lymphoma. Front Vet Sci 2018. [PMID: 29536017 PMCID: PMC5834767 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxycycline has antiproliferative effects in human lymphoma cells and in murine xenografts. We hypothesized that doxycycline would decrease canine lymphoma cell viability and prospectively evaluated its clinical tolerability in client-owned dogs with spontaneous, nodal, multicentric, substage a, B-cell lymphoma, not previously treated with chemotherapy. Treatment duration ranged from 1 to 8 weeks (median and mean, 3 weeks). Dogs were treated with either 10 (n = 6) or 7.5 (n = 7) mg/kg by mouth twice daily. One dog had a stable disease for 6 weeks. No complete or partial tumor responses were observed. Five dogs developed grade 3 and/or 4 metabolic abnormalities suggestive of hepatopathy with elevations in bilirubin, ALT, ALP, and/or AST. To evaluate the absorption of oral doxycycline in our study population, serum concentrations in 10 treated dogs were determined using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Serum levels were variable and ranged from 3.6 to 16.6 µg/ml (median, 7.6 µg/ml; mean, 8.8 µg/ml). To evaluate the effect of doxycycline on canine lymphoma cell viability in vitro, trypan blue exclusion assay was performed on canine B-cell lymphoma cell lines (17-71 and CLBL) and primary B-cell lymphoma cells from the nodal tissue of four dogs. A doxycycline concentration of 6 µg/ml decreased canine lymphoma cell viability by 80%, compared to matched, untreated, control cells (mixed model analysis, p < 0.0001; Wilcoxon signed rank test, p = 0.0313). Although the short-term administration of oral doxycycline is not associated with the remission of canine lymphoma, combination therapy may be worthwhile if future research determines that doxycycline can alter cell survival pathways in canine lymphoma cells. Due to the potential for metabolic abnormalities, close monitoring is recommended with the use of this drug in tumor-bearing dogs. Additional research is needed to assess the tolerability of chronic doxycycline therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly R Hume
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Skylar R Sylvester
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Lucia Borlle
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Cheryl E Balkman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Angela L McCleary-Wheeler
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Mary Pulvino
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Carla Casulo
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Jiyong Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States.,Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Tanis JB, Mason SL, Maddox TW, Blackwood L, Killick DR, Amores-Fuster I, Harper A, Finotello R. Evaluation of a multi-agent chemotherapy protocol combining lomustine, procarbazine and prednisolone (LPP) for the treatment of relapsed canine non-Hodgkin high-grade lymphomas. Vet Comp Oncol 2018; 16:361-369. [PMID: 29380942 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The standard of care treatment for canine lymphoma is multi-agent chemotherapy containing prednisolone, cyclophosphamide, vincristine and an anthracycline such as doxorubicin (CHOP) or epirubicin (CEOP). Lomustine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (LOPP) has been evaluated as a rescue, with encouraging results; however, resistance to vincristine is likely in patients relapsing on CHOP/CEOP, and this agent may enhance LOPP toxicity without improving efficacy. The aim of this study was to evaluate responses to a modified-LOPP protocol that does not include vincristine (LPP) and is administered on a 21-day cycle. Medical records of dogs with high-grade multicentric lymphoma from 2012 to 2017 were reviewed. Dogs with relapsed lymphoma that received LPP as a rescue protocol were enrolled. Response, time from initiation to discontinuation (TTD) and toxicity of LPP were assessed. Forty-one dogs were included. Twenty-five dogs (61%) responded to LPP including 12 complete responses (CR) and 13 partial responses (PR). Responders had a significantly longer TTD (P < .001) compared to non-responders with 84 days for CR and 58 days for PR. Neutropenia was documented in 20 dogs (57%): 12 grade I to II, 8 grade III to IV. Thrombocytopenia was infrequent (20%): 5 grade I to II, 2 grade III to IV. Twelve dogs developed gastrointestinal toxicity (30%): 10 grade I to II and 2 grade III. Nineteen dogs had elevated ALT (59%): 9 grade I to II, 10 grade III to IV. Treatment was discontinued due to toxicity in 8 dogs (19%). The LPP protocol shows acceptable efficacy and toxicity-profile and minimizes in-hospital procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J-B Tanis
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - S L Mason
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - T W Maddox
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - L Blackwood
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - D R Killick
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - I Amores-Fuster
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Harper
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - R Finotello
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Davies O, Szladovits B, Polton G, Garden OA, Leo C, Lara-Garcia A. Prognostic significance of clinical presentation, induction and rescue treatment in 42 cases of canine centroblastic diffuse large B-cell multicentric lymphoma in the United Kingdom. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 16:276-287. [PMID: 29271043 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Canine lymphoma is a heterogeneous group of diseases and many previous studies have evaluated the response of a mixed population of lymphoma cases to one specific treatment protocol. The aim of this retrospective study was to describe the outcome and prognostic factors in 42 cases of multicentric centroblastic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with either a COP-type (35%) or CHOP-type (64%) induction chemotherapy. The objective response rate to induction therapy was 94%; entire dogs had a greater rate of complete vs partial remissions than neutered dogs (P = .017). Median progression-free survival for the first remission (PFS1) was 182 days; absence of anaemia at diagnosis (P = .002) and pretreatment neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (NLR) below 9.44 (P = .015) were independently predictive of longer PFS1. Fifty-eight percent of dogs received rescue protocols with an objective response rate of 81%; 31% of dogs received further rescue protocols (up to a total of 5) and the median number of protocols administered were 2. Median overall survival (OS) was 322 days, the 1-year survival rate was 38% and the 2-year survival rate was 9%. Lymphocyte:monocyte ratio above 1.43 (P = .031), NLR below 11.44 (P = .009), the combination of induction and rescue therapy (P = .030) and the total number of doxorubicin doses used (P = .002) were independently predictive of longer OS. Use of a COP-type protocol induction compared with CHOP did not undermine OS providing doxorubicin was used as rescue therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Davies
- Highcroft Veterinary Referrals, Bristol, UK
| | - B Szladovits
- Department of Pathobiology & Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, UK
| | - G Polton
- North Downs Specialist Referrals, Bletchingley, UK
| | - O A Garden
- Department of Clinical Studies - Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - C Leo
- Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Granozzo con Monticello, Novara, Italy
| | - A Lara-Garcia
- Queen Mother Hospital for Animals, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, UK
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Cozzi M, Marconato L, Martini V, Aresu L, Riondato F, Rossi F, Stefanello D, Comazzi S. Canine nodal marginal zone lymphoma: Descriptive insight into the biological behaviour. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 16:246-252. [PMID: 29205839 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Canine nodal marginal zone lymphoma (nMZL) is classified as an indolent lymphoma. Such lymphomas are typified by low mitotic rate and slow clinical progression. While the clinical behaviour of canine splenic MZL has been described, characterized by an indolent course and a good prognosis following splenectomy, there are no studies specifically describing nMZL. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical features of and outcome for canine nMZL. Dogs with histologically confirmed nMZL undergoing a complete staging work-up (including blood analysis, flow cytometry [FC] on lymph node [LN], peripheral blood and bone marrow, imaging, histology and immunohistochemistry on a surgically removed peripheral LN) were retrospectively enrolled. Treatment consisted of chemotherapy or chemo-immunotherapy. Endpoints were response rate (RR), time to progression (TTP) and lymphoma-specific survival (LSS). A total of 35 cases were enrolled. At diagnosis, all dogs showed generalized lymphadenopathy. One-third was systemically unwell. All dogs had stage V disease; one-third also had extranodal involvement. The LN population was mainly composed of medium-sized CD21+ cells with scant resident normal lymphocytes. Histology revealed diffuse LN involvement, referring to "late-stage" MZL. Median TTP and LSS were 149 and 259 days, respectively. Increased LDH activity and substage b were significantly associated with a shorter LSS. Dogs with nMZL may show generalized lymphadenopathy and an advanced disease stage. Overall, the outcome is poor, despite the "indolent" designation. The best treatment option still needs to be defined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Cozzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - L Marconato
- Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Bologna, Italy
| | - V Martini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - L Aresu
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - F Riondato
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - F Rossi
- Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Bologna, Italy
| | - D Stefanello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - S Comazzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Sierra Matiz OR, Santilli J, Anai LA, Da Silva MCL, Sueiro FA, Sequeira JL, Magalhães LF, Magalhães GM, Tinucci Costa M, Calazans SG. Prognostic significance of Ki67 and its correlation with mitotic index in dogs with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with 19-week CHOP-based protocol. J Vet Diagn Invest 2017; 30:263-267. [PMID: 29192554 DOI: 10.1177/1040638717743280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of lymphoma in dogs. We evaluated Ki67 immunoexpression and mitotic index (MI) in dogs diagnosed with DLBCL and treated with a 19-wk CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) protocol. Twenty-nine lymph node samples from dogs diagnosed with DLBCL were analyzed for Ki67 immunostaining, and positive cells present in 1 cm2 were counted in a grid reticle for comparison of survival times above and below the means. The Ki67 mean was 107, and the MI mean was 21. There was a significant ( p < 0.05) difference in median survival time between Ki67 immunostaining above and below the mean, with no difference in MI groups. Ki67 values >107 positive cells per 5 HPF counted in a grid reticle were associated with shorter survival times in dogs with DLBCL treated with a 19-wk CHOP-based protocol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar R Sierra Matiz
- Clinical Veterinary Department, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil (Sierra Matiz, Anai, Costa, Calazans).,College of Veterinary Medicine, Franca University, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil (Santilli, LF Magalhães).,Pathology Veterinary Department, College of Veterinary and Zootechnical Medicine, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil (Da Silva, Sequeira).,Veterinary Laboratory VetPat, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil (Sueiro).,Pathology Department, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Campus of Muzambinho, Muzambinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil (GM Magalhães)
| | - Juliana Santilli
- Clinical Veterinary Department, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil (Sierra Matiz, Anai, Costa, Calazans).,College of Veterinary Medicine, Franca University, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil (Santilli, LF Magalhães).,Pathology Veterinary Department, College of Veterinary and Zootechnical Medicine, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil (Da Silva, Sequeira).,Veterinary Laboratory VetPat, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil (Sueiro).,Pathology Department, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Campus of Muzambinho, Muzambinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil (GM Magalhães)
| | - Leticia A Anai
- Clinical Veterinary Department, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil (Sierra Matiz, Anai, Costa, Calazans).,College of Veterinary Medicine, Franca University, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil (Santilli, LF Magalhães).,Pathology Veterinary Department, College of Veterinary and Zootechnical Medicine, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil (Da Silva, Sequeira).,Veterinary Laboratory VetPat, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil (Sueiro).,Pathology Department, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Campus of Muzambinho, Muzambinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil (GM Magalhães)
| | - Maria C L Da Silva
- Clinical Veterinary Department, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil (Sierra Matiz, Anai, Costa, Calazans).,College of Veterinary Medicine, Franca University, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil (Santilli, LF Magalhães).,Pathology Veterinary Department, College of Veterinary and Zootechnical Medicine, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil (Da Silva, Sequeira).,Veterinary Laboratory VetPat, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil (Sueiro).,Pathology Department, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Campus of Muzambinho, Muzambinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil (GM Magalhães)
| | - Felipe A Sueiro
- Clinical Veterinary Department, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil (Sierra Matiz, Anai, Costa, Calazans).,College of Veterinary Medicine, Franca University, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil (Santilli, LF Magalhães).,Pathology Veterinary Department, College of Veterinary and Zootechnical Medicine, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil (Da Silva, Sequeira).,Veterinary Laboratory VetPat, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil (Sueiro).,Pathology Department, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Campus of Muzambinho, Muzambinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil (GM Magalhães)
| | - Júlio L Sequeira
- Clinical Veterinary Department, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil (Sierra Matiz, Anai, Costa, Calazans).,College of Veterinary Medicine, Franca University, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil (Santilli, LF Magalhães).,Pathology Veterinary Department, College of Veterinary and Zootechnical Medicine, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil (Da Silva, Sequeira).,Veterinary Laboratory VetPat, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil (Sueiro).,Pathology Department, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Campus of Muzambinho, Muzambinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil (GM Magalhães)
| | - Larissa F Magalhães
- Clinical Veterinary Department, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil (Sierra Matiz, Anai, Costa, Calazans).,College of Veterinary Medicine, Franca University, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil (Santilli, LF Magalhães).,Pathology Veterinary Department, College of Veterinary and Zootechnical Medicine, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil (Da Silva, Sequeira).,Veterinary Laboratory VetPat, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil (Sueiro).,Pathology Department, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Campus of Muzambinho, Muzambinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil (GM Magalhães)
| | - Geórgia M Magalhães
- Clinical Veterinary Department, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil (Sierra Matiz, Anai, Costa, Calazans).,College of Veterinary Medicine, Franca University, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil (Santilli, LF Magalhães).,Pathology Veterinary Department, College of Veterinary and Zootechnical Medicine, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil (Da Silva, Sequeira).,Veterinary Laboratory VetPat, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil (Sueiro).,Pathology Department, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Campus of Muzambinho, Muzambinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil (GM Magalhães)
| | - Mirela Tinucci Costa
- Clinical Veterinary Department, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil (Sierra Matiz, Anai, Costa, Calazans).,College of Veterinary Medicine, Franca University, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil (Santilli, LF Magalhães).,Pathology Veterinary Department, College of Veterinary and Zootechnical Medicine, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil (Da Silva, Sequeira).,Veterinary Laboratory VetPat, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil (Sueiro).,Pathology Department, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Campus of Muzambinho, Muzambinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil (GM Magalhães)
| | - Sabryna G Calazans
- Clinical Veterinary Department, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil (Sierra Matiz, Anai, Costa, Calazans).,College of Veterinary Medicine, Franca University, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil (Santilli, LF Magalhães).,Pathology Veterinary Department, College of Veterinary and Zootechnical Medicine, São Paulo State University 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho', Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil (Da Silva, Sequeira).,Veterinary Laboratory VetPat, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil (Sueiro).,Pathology Department, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Campus of Muzambinho, Muzambinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil (GM Magalhães)
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Pinello KC, Santos M, Leite-Martins L, Niza-Ribeiro J, de Matos AJ. Immunocytochemical study of canine lymphomas and its correlation with exposure to tobacco smoke. Vet World 2017; 10:1307-1313. [PMID: 29263590 PMCID: PMC5732334 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.1307-1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Canine lymphoma is one of the most common canine neoplasms, but little is known regarding the effects of exposure to tobacco smoke on their biologic behavior. As cytology is the most frequent diagnostic method of canine lymphoma, the aims of this study were to perform an immunocytochemical study of canine lymphomas, including subtyping and cell proliferation analysis, and to establish their correlation with tobacco smoke exposure. Materials and Methods: A total of 23 dogs diagnosed with lymphoma were subjected to careful fine-needle biopsies of enlarged lymph nodes. The smears were air-dried, fixed with cold acetone, and immunocytochemically stained using CD3, PAX5, and Ki-67. Owners were requested to complete an epidemiologic questionnaire. Results: According to the updated Kiel classification, 65% were B-cell lymphomas - three low grade (LG) and 12 high grade (HG) and 35% were T-cell -two LG and six HG. Thirteen tumors presented high Ki67 indexes (>40%) (11 HG and 2 LG), two revealed moderate ones (20-40%) (1 HG and 1 LG), and three had low indexes (≤20%) (1 HG and 2 LG). Both a significant positive correlation and a significant linear-by-linear association (p=0.018) were observed between high Ki67 indexes and smoking owners (r=0.753, p=0.002) as well as with the number of smokers in the household (r=0.641, p=0.001). Moreover, the mean percentage of Ki67+ cells from the group of “smoker owners” was statically higher (p=0.011) than that from the “non-smoker owners.” Conclusion: The results suggest that cytological diagnosis of canine lymphomas benefits from being complemented with immunocytochemical studies that include subtyping and assessment of proliferative activity, both contributing for the prognosis and therapeutic planning. Furthermore, exposure to tobacco smoke seems to be related to the biological behavior of canine lymphomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K C Pinello
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Santos
- Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - L Leite-Martins
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - J Niza-Ribeiro
- Department of Population Studies, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,EPI Unit, Institute of Public Health, ISPUP - University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A J de Matos
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Animal Science and Study Centre, Food and Agrarian Sciences and Technologies Institute, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Deravi N, Berke O, Woods JP, Bienzle D. Specific immunotypes of canine T cell lymphoma are associated with different outcomes. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2017; 191:5-13. [PMID: 28895866 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Canine lymphoma is a heterogeneous disease with many different subtypes. Lymphoma of T cell type in particular is variable in outcome, and includes subtypes with non-progressive, slowly- and rapidly-progressive disease course. Association of immunotype with disease course is incompletely defined. Here, results of flow cytometric immunotyping of 127 canine T cell lymphomas were analyzed in relation to survival and progression free interval. Samples originated from 101 multicentric, 8 mediastinal, 6 cutaneous, 5 hepatosplenic, 5 gastrointestinal and 2 other anatomic subtypes of T cell lymphoma. Compared to multicentric T cell lymphoma, gastrointestinal lymphoma had shorter survival and progression free interval, and hepatosplenic lymphoma had shorter survival. Among dogs with multicentric T cell lymphoma, immunotypes of CD4+/CD8-/MHCII+, CD4-/CD8+/MHCII+ and CD4-/CD8+/MHCII- were associated with longer survival times than the immunotype of CD4+/CD8-/MHCII-, and immunotypes of CD4+/CD8-/MHCII+, CD4-/CD8+/MHCII-, and CD4-/CD8-/MHCII+ were associated with longer progression free intervals. Dogs with multicentric T cell lymphoma and concurrent leukemia had shorter survival but similar progression free interval compared to those without leukemia. Body weight, sex, hypercalcemia, cell size, expression of CD3 and use of combination or single agent chemotherapy did not significantly affect outcome of multicentric TCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nariman Deravi
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Olaf Berke
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - J Paul Woods
- Department of Clinical Studies, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Dorothee Bienzle
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Lanza MR, Musciano AR, Dubielzig RD, Durham AC. Clinical and pathological classification of canine intraocular lymphoma. Vet Ophthalmol 2017; 21:167-173. [DOI: 10.1111/vop.12492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Lanza
- Department of Pathobiology; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - Ayla R. Musciano
- Department of Pathobiology; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - Richard D. Dubielzig
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences; University of Madison-Wisconsin; Madison WI USA
| | - Amy C. Durham
- Department of Pathobiology; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia PA USA
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Muir C, Priestnall S, Hibbert A, Brown C, Garden O, Scase T. Prevalence of FoxP3 + Cells Does Not Correlate With Ki67 Expression in Canine Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma. J Comp Pathol 2017; 157:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
121
|
Sayag D, Fournel-Fleury C, Ponce F. Prognostic significance of morphotypes in canine lymphomas: A systematic review of literature. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 16:12-19. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Sayag
- Clinical Oncology Unit; Université de Lyon, VetAGro Sup Campus Veterinaire; Marcy l'Etoile France
| | - C. Fournel-Fleury
- Laboratoire de cytologie vétérinaire Fournel-Fleury; Technipath, 41 allée des Cyprès; Limonest France
| | - F. Ponce
- Clinical Oncology Unit; Université de Lyon, VetAGro Sup Campus Veterinaire; Marcy l'Etoile France
- ICE Research Unit; Université de Lyon, VetAGro Sup Campus Veterinaire; Marcy l'Etoile France
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Brown PM, Tzannes S, Nguyen S, White J, Langova V. LOPP chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for dogs with T-cell lymphoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 16:108-113. [PMID: 28508557 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to describe the use of a lomustine (CCNU), vincristine, procarbazine and prednisolone (LOPP) protocol used for treatment of chemotherapy naive T-cell lymphoma patients and to describe the response rate, toxicity and disease-free interval compared historically to CHOP chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective case study of 31 dogs with naïve T-cell lymphoma treated with a lomustine (CCNU), vincristine, procarbazine and prednisolone (LOPP) protocol. RESULTS Thirty-one dogs with T cell lymphoma were treated. The overall response rate was 97%. Of the 30 dogs that had a response to LOPP chemotherapy, the median disease free interval was 176 days (range 0-1745 days). The median overall survival time for this study group was 323 days (range 51-1758 days). All deaths in this study were attributable to lymphoma. CONCLUSION LOPP chemotherapy for T cell lymphoma is well tolerated with a low toxicity profile and an excellent overall response rate. This protocol showed minimal toxicity and comparable disease free interval and survival times for canine high grade T cell lymphoma treated with CHOP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P M Brown
- Department of Oncology, Small Animal Specialist Hospital (SASH), North Ryde, Australia
| | - S Tzannes
- Department of Oncology, Small Animal Specialist Hospital (SASH), North Ryde, Australia
| | - S Nguyen
- Department of Oncology, Small Animal Specialist Hospital (SASH), North Ryde, Australia
| | - J White
- Department of Oncology, Small Animal Specialist Hospital (SASH), North Ryde, Australia
| | - V Langova
- Department of Oncology, Small Animal Specialist Hospital (SASH), North Ryde, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Loss of CD45 cell surface expression in canine T-zone lymphoma results from reduced gene expression. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2017; 187:14-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
124
|
Abstract
Lymphoma has been described in individual cases for goats but not systematically characterized in a larger cohort. This study aimed to subtype caprine lymphoma based on topographic and subgross distribution, immunophenotype, and cellular morphology following the World Health Organization classification system for hematopoietic tumors in domestic animals. Fifteen caprine lymphoma cases were assessed with 6 submitted as biopsy and 9 for postmortem examination. Goats were predominantly young adult (median 3 years) and dwarf breeds (Pygmy and Pygora). The sexes were similarly represented. Nuclear size was measured relative to red blood cells (RBCs) and then adjusted for species-specific differences and designated small (<3× RBCs), intermediate (3-4× RBCs), or large (>4× RBCs). Using immunohistochemistry, 11 of 15 (73%) goats had T-cell lymphoma (TCL; CD3 positive, CD79α negative) and 4 of 15 (27%) had B-cell lymphoma (BCL; CD79α positive, CD3 negative). A multicentric distribution was most common. TCL generally involved the thoracic cavity and/or neck, suggestive of thymic origin or homing. TCLs were further classified as lymphoblastic lymphomas (3/11; 27%), large granular lymphocyte lymphoma (1/11; 9%), diffuse small lymphocytic lymphomas (3/11; 27%), or peripheral/mature T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) not otherwise specified (4/11 [36%], of which 3 were high grade and 1 intermediate grade). In 1 goat with PTCL, lymph nodes had either paracortical expansion or diffuse infiltrates suggesting transition from nodular to diffuse PTLC. BCLs were classified as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (2/4; 50%) or B-cell lymphocytic lymphoma intermediate type (2/4; 50%). In contrast to dogs and horses, lymphomas in goats are predominantly TCL and frequently involve the mediastinum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patti K Kiser
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Christiane V Löhr
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Lautscham EM, Kessler M, Ernst T, Willimzig L, Neiger R. Comparison of a CHOP-LAsp-based protocol with and without maintenance for canine multicentric lymphoma. Vet Rec 2017; 180:303. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.104077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. M. Lautscham
- Small Animal Clinic Hofheim; Katharina-Kemmler-Str. 7 Hofheim 65719 Germany
| | - M. Kessler
- Small Animal Clinic Hofheim; Katharina-Kemmler-Str. 7 Hofheim 65719 Germany
| | - T. Ernst
- Small Animal Clinic Hofheim; Katharina-Kemmler-Str. 7 Hofheim 65719 Germany
| | - L. Willimzig
- Small Animal Clinic Hofheim; Katharina-Kemmler-Str. 7 Hofheim 65719 Germany
| | - R. Neiger
- Small Animal Clinic, Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen; Frankfurter Str. 126 Giessen 35392 Germany
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Suwa A, Shimoda T. Concurrent with T-zone lymphoma and high-grade gastrointestinal cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma in a dog. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 79:736-739. [PMID: 28302939 PMCID: PMC5402196 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A 9-year-old, spayed female Golden Retriever dog was referred to us for lymphocytosis and
lymphadenopathy, secondary to suspected chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The dog had a
clinical history of anorexia, vomiting and melena lasting two days. The popliteal lymph
node contained small-to-intermediate lymphocytes, which led us to suspect low-grade
lymphoma. Thickened lesions in the stomach and small intestine were detected by
ultrasonography. Histopathology of the popliteal lymph node and small intestine revealed a
simultaneous presence of T-zone lymphoma (TZL) and high-grade gastrointestinal (GI)
cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma. Large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) were seen on cytological
examination. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that both lymphomas originated in
the T-cells. The dog died 15 days after diagnosis, despite chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihisa Suwa
- Sanyo Animal Medical Center, 357-1 Komoto, Akaiwa, Okayama 709-0821, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
127
|
Fontaine SJ, McCulloch E, Eckersall PD, Haining H, Patterson Kane JC, Morris JS. Evaluation of the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score to predict outcome in dogs with newly diagnosed lymphoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 15:1513-1526. [PMID: 28150446 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) assigns a numerical value (0-2) from pre-treatment serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin to predict patient outcome. CRP and albumin were evaluated in 77 untreated dogs with lymphoma to determine the relationship of mGPS to clinicopathological parameters and whether it could predict progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in treated dogs. mGPS distribution was significantly associated with clinical stage, substage b, weight loss, gastrointestinal disturbances and lethargy at presentation. On univariate analysis, mGPS was significantly associated with OS and PFS, with shorter median survival times for mGPS 2 compared to mGPS 0 and 1 combined. Hypoalbuminaemia significantly reduced OS and PFS, however increased CRP had no effect. Only clinical stage was significantly associated with OS and PFS on both univariate and multivariate analysis. mGPS has potential prognostic value for canine lymphoma , but further studies are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S J Fontaine
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - E McCulloch
- ReactivLab Ltd, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - P D Eckersall
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - H Haining
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - J S Morris
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Güssow A, Kempker K, Wurtinger G, Rydzewski L, Neiger R. Remarkably long overall survival of a 15‐month‐old Australian shepherd dog with gastric T‐cell lymphoma. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2016-000351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
129
|
Sapierzyński R, Kliczkowska-Klarowicz K, Jankowska U, Jagielski D. Cytodiagnostics of canine lymphomas - possibilities and limitations. Pol J Vet Sci 2017; 19:433-9. [PMID: 27487521 DOI: 10.1515/pjvs-2016-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Malignant lymphomas are one of the most common malignant tumours occurring in dogs. The basic method of lymphoma diagnosis in human, as well as in canine oncology is histopathology supported by immunohistochemistry. It was suggested that in veterinary medicine excisional biopsy of lymph node and histopathology should be considered only where the cytologic diagnosis is equivocal or needs to be confirmed. There are at least three basic reasons for which cytological examination ought to be accepted as a sufficient and reliable diagnostic method for lymphoma in dogs. Firstly, most dog owners consider the fine-needle biopsy as an acceptable non-harmful method of sample collection. Secondly, an increasing number of studies recommend cytology as an accurate test for diagnosing and subtyping canine lymphoma. Finally, the vast majority of canine lymphoma subtypes belong to 4-5 categories characterized by a typical cytological picture. Immunocytochemical staining of cytological smears gives new diagnostic possibilities, such as detection of markers better characterizing given growth or a potential goal for target therapy in individual cases (for example inhibitors of platelet-derived growth factor).
Collapse
|
130
|
|
131
|
Meichner K. Diagnostic significance of anatomical distribution patterns of nervous systemic lymphoma. Vet J 2016; 218:34-35. [PMID: 27938706 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Meichner
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 501 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30602, USA..
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Childress MO, Ramos-Vara JA, Ruple A. A randomized controlled trial of the effect of prednisone omission from a multidrug chemotherapy protocol on treatment outcome in dogs with peripheral nodal lymphomas. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2016; 249:1067-1078. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.249.9.1067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
133
|
A minimally invasive approach to spleen histopathology in dogs: A new method for follow-up studies of spleen changes in the course of Leishmania infantum infection. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 48:87-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
134
|
Affiliation(s)
- Antony S. Moore
- Veterinary Oncology Consultants; Wauchope New South Wales 2446 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Aresu L. Canine Lymphoma, More Than a Morphological Diagnosis: What We Have Learned about Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Front Vet Sci 2016; 3:77. [PMID: 27630997 PMCID: PMC5006005 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2016.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common canine aggressive B-cell lymphoma worldwide, and new recent molecular approaches have shown that DLBCL constitutes a heterogeneous tumor that cannot be unraveled by morphology and immunophenotype. DLBCL behaves aggressively, typically progressing over a short period of time, and the therapy response may be difficult to be predicted. Recently, the rate of bone marrow infiltration by flow cytometry has been demonstrated to be prognostic, but more sensible markers are needed. As the clinical behavior is different, there is vast clinical and basic research devoted to identifying prognostically or biologically distinct DLBCL subgroups. Transcriptomic analysis by gene expression profile, copy number variations by array comparative genomic hybridization and epigenetic perturbations have tentatively described this heterogeneity. Molecular subgroups using oncogenic pathways and target genes have also been correlated to different outcome in a small number of cases. The objectives of this review are to summarize the current knowledge on the biology, clinical, and pathological characteristics of canine DLBCL. To date, DLBCL probably is the most investigated tumor in veterinary medicine, and its relevance as spontaneous model for human DLBCL has been confirmed by these studies. In future, these discoveries will ultimately lead to a better understanding of the underlying disease mechanisms, possibly translating into more effective therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Aresu
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
- *Correspondence: Luca Aresu,
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Rout ED, Avery PR. Lymphoid Neoplasia: Correlations Between Morphology and Flow Cytometry. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2016; 47:53-70. [PMID: 27542692 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Cytology is commonly used to diagnose lymphoma and leukemia. Frequently, a diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disease can be obtained via cytology, and some of the common subtypes of canine lymphoma and leukemia can have characteristic cytologic features. Flow cytometry is a critical tool in the objective diagnosis and further characterization of lymphoma and leukemia. Features of the immunophenotype, such as expression of certain cell surface proteins or cell size, can provide important prognostic information. This review describes the cytologic features, flow cytometry immunophenotype, and immunophenotypic prognostic information for 6 major types of canine lymphoma and leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily D Rout
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 314-4 Diagnostic Medicine Center, 200 West Lake Street, 1644 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1644, USA
| | - Paul R Avery
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 309 Diagnostic Medicine Center, 200 West Lake Street, 1644 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1644, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Curran KM, Schaffer PA, Frank CB, Lana SE, Hamil LE, Burton JH, Labadie J, Ehrhart EJ, Avery PR. BCL2 and MYC are expressed at high levels in canine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma but are not predictive for outcome in dogs treated with CHOP chemotherapy. Vet Comp Oncol 2016; 15:1269-1279. [PMID: 27514648 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common haematopoietic malignancy in dogs. Recently, MYC and BCL2 expression levels determined with immunohistochemistry (IHC) were found to be prognostic in people with DLBCL. We hypothesized that canine DLBCL can be similarly subdivided into prognostic subtypes based on expression of MYC and BCL2. Cases of canine DLBCL treated with CHOP chemotherapy were retrospectively collected and 43 dogs had available histologic tissue and complete clinical follow-up. Median values of percent immunoreactive versus immunonegative cells were used to determine positive or negative expression status. Completion of CHOP was significantly associated with a positive outcome. Compared with human patients, our canine DLBCL patients had high IHC expression of both MYC and BCL2, and relative expression levels of one or both markers were not associated with clinical outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Curran
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - P A Schaffer
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - C B Frank
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - S E Lana
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - L E Hamil
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - J H Burton
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - J Labadie
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - E J Ehrhart
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - P R Avery
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Marconato L, Polton GA, Sabattini S, Dacasto M, Garden OA, Grant I, Hendrickx T, Henriques J, Lubas G, Morello E, Stefanello D, Comazzi S. Conformity and controversies in the diagnosis, staging and follow-up evaluation of canine nodal lymphoma: a systematic review of the last 15 years of published literature. Vet Comp Oncol 2016; 15:1029-1040. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - G. A. Polton
- North Downs Specialist Referrals; Bletchingley UK
| | - S. Sabattini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - M. Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - O. A. Garden
- Department of Clinical Science and Services; Immune Regulation Laboratory, Royal Veterinary College; London UK
- Queen Mother Hospital for Animals; Royal Veterinary College; Hatfield UK
| | - I. Grant
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences; School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow; Glasgow UK
| | | | - J. Henriques
- Hospital Veterinário Berna, OnevetGroup; Lisboa Portugal
| | - G. Lubas
- Department of Veterinary Sciences; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - E. Morello
- Department of Veterinary Sciences; University of Turin; Turin Italy
| | - D. Stefanello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; University of Milan; Milan Italy
| | - S. Comazzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; University of Milan; Milan Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
139
|
Abstract
The non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) are a heterogeneous family of lymphoid malignancies that are among the most common neoplasms of both dogs and humans. Owing to shared molecular, signaling, incidence, and pathologic features, there is a strong framework supporting the utilization of canine lymphoma as a comparative, large animal model of human NHL. In alignment with the biologic similarities, the current approach towards the diagnosis and classification of canine lymphoma is based upon the human World Health Organization guidelines. While this approach has contributed to an increasing appreciation of the potential biological scope of canine lymphoma, it has also become apparent that the most appropriate diagnostic philosophy must be multimodal, namely by requiring knowledge of microscopic, immunophenotypic, and clinical features before establishing a final disease diagnosis. This review seeks to illustrate the comparative similarities and differences in the diagnosis of canine lymphoma through the presentation of the microscopic and immunophenotypic features of its most common forms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davis M. Seelig
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55455, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-612-626-0471
| | - Anne C. Avery
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology and the Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (A.C.A.); (E.J.E.)
| | - E. J. Ehrhart
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology and the Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (A.C.A.); (E.J.E.)
| | - Michael A. Linden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Tsuji S, Yabe R, Usui T, Mizuno T, Ohama T, Sato K. Anti-tumor effects of perphenazine on canine lymphoma. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 78:1293-8. [PMID: 27150024 PMCID: PMC5053930 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma is one of the most common malignant tumors in canine. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a well-conserved serine/threonine phosphatase, plays a critical role as a tumor suppressor. Perphenazine (PPZ) is one of the phenothiazines and widely used as an antipsychotic drug. Recently, it is reported that PPZ directly binds with scaffolding subunit of PP2A complex and exerts anti-tumor effects on human T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, the effect of PPZ on canine lymphoma has not been studied. Here, we investigated the potential therapeutic role of PPZ and its molecular mechanism in canine T-cell lymphoma. In canine T-cell lymphoma cell lines, UL-1 and Ema, PPZ decreased cell survival in a dose-dependent manner. Increased caspase 3 activity and Annexin V positive cells suggested that PPZ induced apoptosis. PPZ dephosphorylated Akt, MEK1/2 and ERK1/2. Akt inhibitor, but not MEK1/2 inhibitor and ERK1/2 inhibitor, induced cell death, indicating the importance of Akt dephosphorylation for the anti-tumor effect of PPZ. Finally, we observed enhanced PP2A activity by PPZ treatment. The present results for the first time revealed that PPZ induced canine lymphoma cells apoptosis through Akt dephosphorylation via PP2A activation. Our study suggests the possible therapeutic application of phenothiazines for canine T-cell lymphoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Tsuji
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
141
|
Mani R, Yan R, Mo X, Chen CS, Phelps MA, Klisovic R, Byrd JC, Kisseberth WC, London CA, Muthusamy N. Non-immunosuppressive FTY720-derivative OSU-2S mediates reactive oxygen species-mediated cytotoxicity in canine B-cell lymphoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2016; 15:1115-1118. [PMID: 27136276 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OSU-2S is a FTY720 (Fingolimod) derivative that lacks immunosuppressive properties but exhibits strong anti-tumour activity in several haematological and solid tumour models. We have recently shown OSU-2S to mediate potent cytotoxicity in human mantle cell lymphoma cell lines and primary cells. We report here the pre-clinical activity of OSU-2S in spontaneous B-cell lymphoma of dogs which shares many characteristics of human lymphoma. OSU-2S mediated apoptosis in canine B-cell lines and primary B-cell lymphoma cells obtained from spontaneous lymphoma bearing dogs. OSU-2S induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in canine lymphoma cells and inhibition of ROS partially rescued OSU-2S-mediated cell death. These studies provide a rational basis for the use of spontaneous lymphoma in pet dogs as a preclinical large animal model for the development of OSU-2S as small molecule for treating people and dogs with lymphoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Mani
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - R Yan
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - X Mo
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C-S Chen
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - M A Phelps
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - R Klisovic
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J C Byrd
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - W C Kisseberth
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C A London
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - N Muthusamy
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Ernst T, Kessler M, Lautscham E, Willimzig L, Neiger R. [Multicentric lymphoma in 411 dogs - an epidemiological study]. TIERAERZTLICHE PRAXIS AUSGABE KLEINTIERE HEIMTIERE 2016; 44:245-51. [PMID: 27111487 DOI: 10.15654/tpk-150338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide an overview of the epidemiology of canine multicentric lymphoma in Germany. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 411 dogs with multicentric malignant lymphoma were retrospectively analysed regarding breed, age, sex, weight and the number of animals dogs with hypercalcaemic lymphoma and B-/T-immunophenotype, and compared to two reference populations (total own clinic population, n = 52 142; dogs with health insurance in Germany, n = 123 423). RESULTS In total, 298 (72.5%) of the 411 dogs belonged to 86 different breeds, while 113 (27.5%) dogs were mixed breed. In comparison to both reference populations, a breed predisposition for the American Pitbull Terrier (odds ratio [OR] 5.2 and 18.5), American Staffordshire Terrier (OR 3.3 and 4.6), Briard (OR 5.6 and 9.5), Bullmastiff (OR 7.8 and 5.0), Irish Setter (OR 3.3 and 4.1) and Rottweiler (OR 2.8 and 3.6) was found. Golden Retrievers (n = 22, OR 1.3 and 0.9) and Bernese Mountain Dogs (n = 22, OR 2.4 and 2.0) were frequently affected in absolute numbers, but when compared to the reference populations an OR < 3 was detected. Mean body weight was 30.2 ± 13.7 kg; only 75 (18%) dogs weighed < 15 kg. Amongst the small dogs (< 15 kg), there was a large number of West Highland White Terriers (n = 12). Mean age of the dogs with lymphoma was 7.9 ± 2.7 years. Dogs weighing ≥ 15 kg were significantly (p < 0.001) younger (7.6 ± 2.4 years) compared to dogs weighing < 15 kg (9.3 ± 3.2 years). Dogs with a B-cell immunophenotype (8.5 ± 2.6 years) were significantly older compared to dogs with a T-cell immunophenotype (6.4 ± 1.8 years) (p < 0.001). There was no gender predisposition (54% male, 46% female). Hypercalcaemia as an indicator of T-cell lymphoma was present in 44 (11.4%) of the dogs. A T-cell and B-cell immunophenotype was found in 20.6% and 79.4% of the dogs, respectively. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study confirms previous data about breed predispositions for canine malignant multicentric lymphoma and demonstrates that further breeds are predisposed (Briard, West Highland White Terrier, Irish Setter). Small-breed dogs (< 15 kg BM) appear to be affected with lymphoma at a greater age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Ernst
- Tierarztpraxis Dr. Ernst, Dr. Theresa Ernst, Birkenwaldstraße 214, 70191 Stuttgart, E-Mail:
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
143
|
Mizutani N, Goto-Koshino Y, Takahashi M, Uchida K, Tsujimoto H. Clinical and histopathological evaluation of 16 dogs with T-zone lymphoma. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 78:1237-44. [PMID: 27098109 PMCID: PMC5053923 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical and histopathological characteristics of 16 dogs with nodal paracortical
(T-zone) lymphoma (TZL) were evaluated. At initial examination, generalized
lymphadenopathy was found in all dogs, and peripheral lymphocytosis was found in 10 of the
16 dogs. At initial diagnosis or during the disease course, 8 dogs (50%) were affected
with demodicosis. Immunohistochemical analysis for CD3, CD20 and CD25 was performed for 6
dogs with TZL; the tumor cells were positive for CD3 and CD25 and negative for CD20.
Median overall survival time was 938 days. A watchful waiting approach was adopted for 6
cases (38%), and 5 of the 6 dogs were still alive at the end of follow-up. The clinical
course of TZL in dogs is generally indolent; however, many cases develop a variety of
infectious and other neoplastic diseases after the diagnosis of TZL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Mizutani
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
144
|
Desmas I, Burton JH, Post G, Kristal O, Gauthier M, Borrego JF, Di Bella A, Lara-Garcia A. Clinical presentation, treatment and outcome in 31 dogs with presumed primary colorectal lymphoma (2001-2013). Vet Comp Oncol 2016; 15:504-517. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Desmas
- Royal veterinary College; Hatfield UK
| | - J. H. Burton
- Flint Animal Cancer Center; Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO USA
| | - G. Post
- The Veterinary Cancer Center; Norwalk CT USA
| | - O. Kristal
- Chavat Daat Veterinary Speciality Center; Beit Berl Israel
| | - M. Gauthier
- Mississauga Oakville Veterinary Emergency Hospital and Referral Services; Oakville ON Canada
| | - J. F. Borrego
- School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Madison-Wisconsin; Madison WI USA
| | - A. Di Bella
- Vets Now Referrals; Medicine Service; Glasgow UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
145
|
Meichner K, Fogle JE, English L, Suter SE. Expression of Apoptosis-regulating Proteins Bcl-2 and Bax in Lymph Node Aspirates from Dogs with Lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 30:819-26. [PMID: 27013187 PMCID: PMC4913583 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dysregulated apoptosis is a hallmark of tumorigenesis, and is also involved in resistance to cytotoxic treatment, and might be relevant in lymphoma in dogs. Hypothesis/Objectives That Bcl‐2/Bax expression patterns differ between lymphoma immunophenotypes, and that Bcl‐2/Bax ratio is correlated with prognosis. Animals Fifty‐five client‐owned dogs with multicentric lymphoma and 5 healthy dogs. Methods Prospective, case–control study. We compared 3 methods (flow cytometry, qRT‐PCR, Western blot) for Bcl‐2 and Bax quantification in a subset of dogs. The effect of time on Bcl‐2/Bax ratios measured by flow cytometry was assessed in lymphoma cell lines. Immunophenotype and Bcl‐2/Bax expression by flow cytometry were determined in LN aspirates from all dogs with multicentric lymphoma compared to healthy dogs. Progression‐free survival (PFS) was retrospectively evaluated in a group of dogs all receiving similar treatment. Results Bcl‐2/Bax ratios remain consistent for at least 5 days after sample collection. Bcl‐2/Bax ratio was higher in dogs with T‐cell lymphoma (TCL; median 0.97, range 0.37–1.36) compared to B‐cell lymphoma (BCL; median 0.36, range 0.07–1.45) (P < .0001) and normal dogs (median 0.36, range 0.21–0.48) (P = .0006), respectively. Dogs with Bcl‐2/Bax ratios higher than the median of the group experienced a median PFS of 101 days and dogs with ratios equal and lower than the median had PFS of 130 days (P = .19). Conclusions and clinical importance Higher intrinsic resistance to apoptosis following cytotoxic treatment might contribute to the less favorable prognosis associated with multicentric TCL in dogs. Whether Bcl‐2/Bax will be helpful to identify canine BCL and TCL with more aggressive and more indolent behavior, respectively, should be evaluated in larger prospective clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Meichner
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - J E Fogle
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - L English
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - S E Suter
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
|
147
|
Roccabianca P, Avallone G, Rodriguez A, Crippa L, Lepri E, Giudice C, Caniatti M, Moore PF, Affolter VK. Cutaneous Lymphoma at Injection Sites. Vet Pathol 2016; 53:823-32. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985815623620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Feline primary cutaneous lymphomas (FPCLs) account for 0.2% to 3% of all lymphomas in cats and are more frequently dermal nonepitheliotropic small T-cell tumors. Emergence of FPCL seems unrelated to feline leukemia virus (FeLV) serological positivity or to skin inflammation. A total of 17 cutaneous lymphomas with a history of vaccine injection at the site of tumor development were selected from 47 FPCLs. Clinical presentation, histology, immunophenotype, FeLV p27 and gp70 expression, and clonality were assessed. A majority of male (12/17), domestic short-haired (13/17) cats with a mean age of 11.3 years was reported. Postinjection time of development ranged from 15 days to approximately 9 years in 5 cats. At diagnosis, 11 of 17 cats had no evidence of internal disease. Lymphomas developed in interscapular (8/17), thoracic (8/17), and flank (1/17) cutaneous regions; lacked epitheliotropism; and were characterized by necrosis (16/17), angiocentricity (13/17), angioinvasion (9/17), angiodestruction (8/17), and peripheral inflammation composed of lymphoid aggregates (14/17). FeLV gp70 and/or p27 proteins were expressed in 10 of 17 tumors. By means of World Health Organization classification, immunophenotype, and clonality, the lesions were categorized as large B-cell lymphoma (11/17), anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma (3/17), natural killer cell–like (1/17) lymphoma, or peripheral T-cell lymphoma (1/17). Lineage remained uncertain in 1 case. Cutaneous lymphomas at injection sites (CLIS) shared some clinical and pathological features with feline injection site sarcomas and with lymphomas developing in the setting of subacute to chronic inflammation reported in human beings. Persistent inflammation induced by the injection and by reactivation of FeLV expression may have contributed to emergence of CLIS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P. Roccabianca
- DIVET: Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica, University of Milano, Italy
| | - G. Avallone
- DIMEVET: Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, University of Bologna, Italy
| | | | - L. Crippa
- ISTOVET, via W. Tobagi, 15-20842 Besana in Brianza (MB), Italy
| | - E. Lepri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - C. Giudice
- DIVET: Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica, University of Milano, Italy
| | - M. Caniatti
- DIVET: Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica, University of Milano, Italy
| | - P. F. Moore
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - V. K. Affolter
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Amorim I, Taulescu MA, Day MJ, Catoi C, Reis CA, Carneiro F, Gärtner F. Canine Gastric Pathology: A Review. J Comp Pathol 2016; 154:9-37. [PMID: 26774560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.10.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gastric disorders are common in dogs and are a major reason for veterinary consultation. In human medicine, the classification of gastric diseases based on histological features, genotypes and molecular phenotypes helps to better understand the characteristics of each subtype, and to improve early diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Canine gastric lesions often show strong histological similarities to their human counterparts. However, such conditions in the canine stomach are poorly studied and their cellular and molecular features are largely unknown. This article reviews the histopathological classification of inflammatory and neoplastic lesions of the canine stomach and provides an update on the application of molecular techniques within the field of canine gastric pathology. The canine disorders are compared with current knowledge of the equivalent human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Amorim
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidadedo Porto, Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho nr. 45, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira nr. 228, Porto, Portugal
| | - M A Taulescu
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - M J Day
- School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, UK
| | - C Catoi
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - C A Reis
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidadedo Porto, Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho nr. 45, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira nr. 228, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal
| | - F Carneiro
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidadedo Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira nr. 228, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - F Gärtner
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidadedo Porto, Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho nr. 45, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira nr. 228, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Koshino A, Goto-Koshino Y, Setoguchi A, Ohno K, Tsujimoto H. Mutation of p53 Gene and Its Correlation with the Clinical Outcome in Dogs with Lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med 2015; 30:223-9. [PMID: 26678182 PMCID: PMC4913626 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background p53 plays a key role in the apoptotic event induced by chemotherapeutic agents. Mutation of p53 gene has been observed in various spontaneous tumors in humans and is associated with a poor prognosis. p53 abnormalities have been evaluated in several tumors in dogs; however, the association of p53 gene mutation with clinical outcome in dogs with lymphoma has not been documented. Hypothesis/Objectives The aim of this study was to examine p53 mutation in canine lymphoma cells and its association with the clinical outcome. Animals Forty‐three dogs with previously untreated high‐grade lymphoma referred to the University of Tokyo were included in this study. Methods Prospective cohort study. We examined p53 gene (exon 4–8) mutation in the tumor tissues from 43 dogs with lymphoma using PCR‐SSCP (polymerase chain reaction – single‐strand conformational polymorphism) analysis, followed by nucleotide sequencing of the abnormal bands. Results Of the 43 dogs, 7 dogs (16%) had p53 mutation, whereas 36 dogs (84%) were devoid of p53 mutation. Overall response rate after remission induction was significantly lower (33% versus 88%, P = .002) in dogs with lymphomas having p53 mutation than those with lymphomas devoid of p53 mutation. Overall survival time was significantly shorter (67 days versus 264 days, P = .004) in dogs with lymphoma with p53 mutation than those with lymphoma retaining wild‐type p53. Conclusion and Clinical Importance Mutations of p53 gene were detected in a proportion of canine lymphoma cells from untreated dogs and can be associated with a poor prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Koshino
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Goto-Koshino
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Setoguchi
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Ohno
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Tsujimoto
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Elvers I, Turner-Maier J, Swofford R, Koltookian M, Johnson J, Stewart C, Zhang CZ, Schumacher SE, Beroukhim R, Rosenberg M, Thomas R, Mauceli E, Getz G, Palma FD, Modiano JF, Breen M, Lindblad-Toh K, Alföldi J. Exome sequencing of lymphomas from three dog breeds reveals somatic mutation patterns reflecting genetic background. Genome Res 2015; 25:1634-45. [PMID: 26377837 PMCID: PMC4617960 DOI: 10.1101/gr.194449.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lymphoma is the most common hematological malignancy in developed countries. Outcome is strongly determined by molecular subtype, reflecting a need for new and improved treatment options. Dogs spontaneously develop lymphoma, and the predisposition of certain breeds indicates genetic risk factors. Using the dog breed structure, we selected three lymphoma predisposed breeds developing primarily T-cell (boxer), primarily B-cell (cocker spaniel), and with equal distribution of B- and T-cell lymphoma (golden retriever), respectively. We investigated the somatic mutations in B- and T-cell lymphomas from these breeds by exome sequencing of tumor and normal pairs. Strong similarities were evident between B-cell lymphomas from golden retrievers and cocker spaniels, with recurrent mutations in TRAF3-MAP3K14 (28% of all cases), FBXW7 (25%), and POT1 (17%). The FBXW7 mutations recurrently occur in a specific codon; the corresponding codon is recurrently mutated in human cancer. In contrast, T-cell lymphomas from the predisposed breeds, boxers and golden retrievers, show little overlap in their mutation pattern, sharing only one of their 15 most recurrently mutated genes. Boxers, which develop aggressive T-cell lymphomas, are typically mutated in the PTEN-mTOR pathway. T-cell lymphomas in golden retrievers are often less aggressive, and their tumors typically showed mutations in genes involved in cellular metabolism. We identify genes with known involvement in human lymphoma and leukemia, genes implicated in other human cancers, as well as novel genes that could allow new therapeutic options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingegerd Elvers
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE 751 23, Sweden
| | | | - Ross Swofford
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | | | | | - Chip Stewart
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Cheng-Zhong Zhang
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Steven E Schumacher
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Rameen Beroukhim
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | | | - Rachael Thomas
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Evan Mauceli
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Gad Getz
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | | | - Jaime F Modiano
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Matthew Breen
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA; University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, USA
| | - Kerstin Lindblad-Toh
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE 751 23, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|