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Genetic engineering approaches for the fermentative production of phenylglycines. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:3433-3444. [PMID: 32078019 PMCID: PMC7089894 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10447-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
L-phenylglycine (L-Phg) is a rare non-proteinogenic amino acid, which only occurs in some natural compounds, such as the streptogramin antibiotics pristinamycin I and virginiamycin S or the bicyclic peptide antibiotic dityromycin. Industrially, more interesting than L-Phg is the enantiomeric D-Phg as it plays an important role in the fine chemical industry, where it is used as a precursor for the production of semisynthetic β-lactam antibiotics. Based on the natural L-Phg operon from Streptomyces pristinaespiralis and the stereo-inverting aminotransferase gene hpgAT from Pseudomonas putida, an artificial D-Phg operon was constructed. The natural L-Phg operon, as well as the artificial D-Phg operon, was heterologously expressed in different actinomycetal host strains, which led to the successful production of Phg. By rational genetic engineering of the optimal producer strains S. pristinaespiralis and Streptomyces lividans, Phg production could be improved significantly. Here, we report on the development of a synthetic biology-derived D-Phg pathway and the optimization of fermentative Phg production in actinomycetes by genetic engineering approaches. Our data illustrate a promising alternative for the production of Phgs.
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Wu W, Deng G, Liu C, Gong X, Ma G, Yuan Q, Yang E, Li X, Luo Y. Optimization and Multiomic Basis of Phenyllactic Acid Overproduction by Lactobacillus plantarum. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:1741-1749. [PMID: 31964137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to explore the regulatory mechanisms of phenyllactic acid (PLA) overaccumulation in Lactobacillus plantarum. The dynamics of PLA production revealed that 24 h was a suitable fermentation time, at which one of the largest differences in PLA content between strains S1 and YM-4-3 was 22.42 mg/L. Additionally, an optimization experiment showed that PLA production under the optimal condition (sample YM-4-3y) was up to 400.74 mg/L, 7.61-13.26 times as those of YM-4-3 and S1. Subsequently, an integrated analysis of genomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic data revealed that, YM-4-3 and YM-4-3y, compared with S1, although lacking a complete de novo biosynthetic pathway, increased PLA production by strengthening the core pathway and central carbon metabolism, and weakening the biosynthesis pathway of amino acids and their derivatives. These changes can provide sufficient precursors and compensate for or balance the energy consumed by the reinforced core pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Wu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology , Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , P. R. China
| | - Gang Deng
- School of Agriculture , Yunnan University , Kunming 650504 , P. R. China
| | - Chenjian Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology , Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Gong
- Technology Center , China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd. , Kunming 650231 , P. R. China
| | - Guanghui Ma
- Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology , Yunnan University , Kunming 650504 , P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Yuan
- School of Agriculture , Yunnan University , Kunming 650504 , P. R. China
| | - En Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology , Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaoran Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology , Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , P. R. China
| | - Yiyong Luo
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology , Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming 650500 , P. R. China
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103
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Usmani Z, Sharma M, Sudheer S, Gupta VK, Bhat R. Engineered Microbes for Pigment Production Using Waste Biomass. Curr Genomics 2020; 21:80-95. [PMID: 32655303 PMCID: PMC7324876 DOI: 10.2174/1389202921999200330152007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Agri-food waste biomass is the most abundant organic waste and has high valorisation potential for sustainable bioproducts development. These wastes are not only recyclable in nature but are also rich sources of bioactive carbohydrates, peptides, pigments, polyphenols, vitamins, natural antioxidants, etc. Bioconversion of agri-food waste to value-added products is very important towards zero waste and circular economy concepts. To reduce the environmental burden, food researchers are seeking strategies to utilize this waste for microbial pigments production and further biotechnological exploitation in functional foods or value-added products. Microbes are valuable sources for a range of bioactive molecules, including microbial pigments production through fermentation and/or utilisation of waste. Here, we have reviewed some of the recent advancements made in important bioengineering technologies to develop engineered microbial systems for enhanced pigments production using agri-food wastes biomass/by-products as substrates in a sustainable way.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- Address correspondence to these authors at the ERA Chair for Food (By-) Products Valorization Technologies- VALORTECH, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 56/5, 51006, Tartu, Estonia; Tel/Fax: +372 7313927; E-mails: ;, ;
| | | | | | - Rajeev Bhat
- Address correspondence to these authors at the ERA Chair for Food (By-) Products Valorization Technologies- VALORTECH, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 56/5, 51006, Tartu, Estonia; Tel/Fax: +372 7313927; E-mails: ;, ;
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104
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Kim M, Lee J, Heo L, Han SW. Putative Bifunctional Chorismate Mutase/Prephenate Dehydratase Contributes to the Virulence of Acidovorax citrulli. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:569552. [PMID: 33101336 PMCID: PMC7546022 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.569552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Acidovorax citrulli (Ac) is a plant pathogenic bacterium that causes bacterial fruit blotch (BFB) in cucurbit crops. Despite its importance in the cucurbit industry, resistant cultivars/lines against BFB have not yet been identified. Therefore, there is a need to characterize the virulence factors/mechanisms in Ac to control the disease. Chorismate mutase, a key enzyme in the shikimate pathway, produces aromatic amino acids. Here, we report the functions of putative bifunctional chorismate mutase/prephenate dehydratase in Ac (CmpAc) determined by proteomic analysis and phenotypic assays. Ac strain lacking CmpAc, AcΔcmpAc(EV), were significantly less virulent on watermelon in the germinated-seed inoculation and leaf infiltration assays. Sequence analysis revealed that CmpAc possesses two distinct domains: chorismate mutase and prephenate dehydratase, indicating that CmpAc is a bifunctional protein. Auxotrophic assays demonstrated that CmpAc is required for the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, but not tyrosine. The comparative proteomic analysis revealed that CmpAc is mostly involved in cell wall/membrane/envelop biogenesis. Furthermore, AcΔcmpAc(EV) showed reduced twitching halo production and enhanced biofilm formation. In addition, AcΔcmpAc(EV) was less tolerant to osmotic stress but more tolerant to antibiotics (polymyxin B). Thus, our study provides new insights into the functions of a putative bifunctional protein related to virulence in Ac.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyoung Kim
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
| | - Jongchan Lee
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
| | - Lynn Heo
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Han
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
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105
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Vilela A, Bacelar E, Pinto T, Anjos R, Correia E, Gonçalves B, Cosme F. Beverage and Food Fragrance Biotechnology, Novel Applications, Sensory and Sensor Techniques: An Overview. Foods 2019; 8:E643. [PMID: 31817355 PMCID: PMC6963671 DOI: 10.3390/foods8120643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavours and fragrances are especially important for the beverage and food industries. Biosynthesis or extraction are the two main ways to obtain these important compounds that have many different chemical structures. Consequently, the search for new compounds is challenging for academic and industrial investigation. This overview aims to present the current state of art of beverage fragrance biotechnology, including recent advances in sensory and sensor methodologies and statistical techniques for data analysis. An overview of all the recent findings in beverage and food fragrance biotechnology, including those obtained from natural sources by extraction processes (natural plants as an important source of flavours) or using enzymatic precursor (hydrolytic enzymes), and those obtained by de novo synthesis (microorganisms' respiration/fermentation of simple substrates such as glucose and sucrose), are reviewed. Recent advances have been made in what concerns "beverage fragrances construction" as also in their application products. Moreover, novel sensory and sensor methodologies, primarily used for fragrances quality evaluation, have been developed, as have statistical techniques for sensory and sensors data treatments, allowing a rapid and objective analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Vilela
- CQ-VR, Chemistry Research Centre, Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, P-5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Eunice Bacelar
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, P-5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (E.B.); (T.P.); (R.A.); (B.G.)
| | - Teresa Pinto
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, P-5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (E.B.); (T.P.); (R.A.); (B.G.)
| | - Rosário Anjos
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, P-5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (E.B.); (T.P.); (R.A.); (B.G.)
| | - Elisete Correia
- CQ-VR, Chemistry Research Centre, Department of Mathematics, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, P-5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Center for Computational and Stochastic Mathematics (CEMAT), Department of Mathematics, IST-UL, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Berta Gonçalves
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, P-5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (E.B.); (T.P.); (R.A.); (B.G.)
| | - Fernanda Cosme
- CQ-VR, Chemistry Research Centre, Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, P-5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
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106
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Otto M, Wynands B, Lenzen C, Filbig M, Blank LM, Wierckx N. Rational Engineering of Phenylalanine Accumulation in Pseudomonas taiwanensis to Enable High-Yield Production of Trans-Cinnamate. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:312. [PMID: 31824929 PMCID: PMC6882275 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial biocatalysis represents a promising alternative for the production of a variety of aromatic chemicals, where microorganisms are engineered to convert a renewable feedstock under mild production conditions into a valuable chemical building block. This study describes the rational engineering of the solvent-tolerant bacterium Pseudomonas taiwanensis VLB120 toward accumulation of L-phenylalanine and its conversion into the chemical building block t-cinnamate. We recently reported rational engineering of Pseudomonas toward L-tyrosine accumulation by the insertion of genetic modifications that allow both enhanced flux and prevent aromatics degradation. Building on this knowledge, three genes encoding for enzymes involved in the degradation of L-phenylalanine were deleted to allow accumulation of 2.6 mM of L-phenylalanine from 20 mM glucose. The amino acid was subsequently converted into the aromatic model compound t-cinnamate by the expression of a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) from Arabidopsis thaliana. The engineered strains produced t-cinnamate with yields of 23 and 39% Cmol Cmol−1 from glucose and glycerol, respectively. Yields were improved up to 48% Cmol Cmol−1 from glycerol when two enzymes involved in the shikimate pathway were additionally overexpressed, however with negative impact on strain performance and reproducibility. Production titers were increased in fed-batch fermentations, in which 33.5 mM t-cinnamate were produced solely from glycerol, in a mineral medium without additional complex supplements. The aspect of product toxicity was targeted by the utilization of a streamlined, genome-reduced strain, which improves upon the already high tolerance of P. taiwanensis VLB120 toward t-cinnamate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Otto
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-1: Biotechnology), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Wynands
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-1: Biotechnology), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Christoph Lenzen
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Melanie Filbig
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars M Blank
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nick Wierckx
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-1: Biotechnology), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
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Abstract
Fisetin is a flavonol that shares distinct antioxidant properties with a plethora of other plant polyphenols. Additionally, it exhibits a specific biological activity of considerable interest as regards the protection of functional macromolecules against stress which results in the sustenance of normal cells cytoprotection. Moreover, it shows potential as an anti-inflammatory, chemopreventive, chemotherapeutic and recently also senotherapeutic agent. In view of its prospective applications in healthcare and likely demand for fisetin, methods for its preparation and their suitability for pharmaceutical use are discussed herein.
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108
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Maeda HA. Harnessing evolutionary diversification of primary metabolism for plant synthetic biology. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:16549-16566. [PMID: 31558606 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev119.006132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants produce numerous natural products that are essential to both plant and human physiology. Recent identification of genes and enzymes involved in their biosynthesis now provides exciting opportunities to reconstruct plant natural product pathways in heterologous systems through synthetic biology. The use of plant chassis, although still in infancy, can take advantage of plant cells' inherent capacity to synthesize and store various phytochemicals. Also, large-scale plant biomass production systems, driven by photosynthetic energy production and carbon fixation, could be harnessed for industrial-scale production of natural products. However, little is known about which plants could serve as ideal hosts and how to optimize plant primary metabolism to efficiently provide precursors for the synthesis of desirable downstream natural products or specialized (secondary) metabolites. Although primary metabolism is generally assumed to be conserved, unlike the highly-diversified specialized metabolism, primary metabolic pathways and enzymes can differ between microbes and plants and also among different plants, especially at the interface between primary and specialized metabolisms. This review highlights examples of the diversity in plant primary metabolism and discusses how we can utilize these variations in plant synthetic biology. I propose that understanding the evolutionary, biochemical, genetic, and molecular bases of primary metabolic diversity could provide rational strategies for identifying suitable plant hosts and for further optimizing primary metabolism for sizable production of natural and bio-based products in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi A Maeda
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
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109
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Chemical and Biocatalytic Routes to Arbutin †. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183303. [PMID: 31514332 PMCID: PMC6766929 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Arbutin (also called β-arbutin) is a natural product occurring in the leaves of a variety of different plants, the bearberries of the Ericaceae and Saxifragaceae families being prominent examples. It is a β-glucoside derived from hydroquinone (HQ; 1,4-dihydroxybenzene). Arbutin has been identified in traditional Chinese folk medicines as having, inter alia, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties that useful in the treatment of different ailments including urinary diseases. Today, it is also used worldwide for the treatment of skin ailments by way of depigmenting, which means that arbutin is a component of many products in the cosmetics and healthcare industries. It is also relevant in the food industry. Hundreds of publications have appeared describing the isolation, structure determination, toxicology, synthesis, and biological properties of arbutin as well as the molecular mechanism of melanogenesis (tyrosinase inhibition). This review covers the most important aspects with special emphasis on the chemical and biocatalytic methods for the production of arbutin.
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110
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Zhuang Q, Qi Q. Engineering the pathway in Escherichia coli for the synthesis of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates consisting of both even- and odd-chain monomers. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:135. [PMID: 31409350 PMCID: PMC6693092 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1186-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHAs) containing various chain length monomers from C6 to C14 have more applications besides sustainable and environmental-friendly biomaterials owing to their superior physical and mechanical properties. We engineered a reversed fatty acid β-oxidation pathway in Escherichia coli that can synthesize mcl-PHA directly from glucose and achieved high yield. However, there were only even-chain monomers in the biosynthetic polymers. The need for mcl-PHA harboring both even- and odd-chain monomers with better and wider utility impels us to develop the biosynthetic routes for the production of the novel and unnatural mcl-PHA through rewiring the basic metabolism. Results In the present study, a propionate assimilation and metabolic route was integrated into the reversed fatty acid β-oxidation in order to produce mcl-PHA consisting of both even- and odd-numbered monomers. The content of odd-numbered monomers in mcl-PHA was improved with the increased propionate addition. After further deletion of pyruvate oxidase (PoxB) and pyruvate formate-lyase (PflB), the metabolically engineered chassis E. coli LZ08 harboring pQQ05 and pZQ06 (overexpression of prpP and prpE genes from Ralstonia eutropha H16) innovatively accumulated 6.23 wt% mcl-PHA containing odd-chain monomers ranging from 7 to 13 carbon atoms about 20.03 mol%. Conclusions This is the first successful report on production of mcl-PHA harboring both even- and odd-chain monomers (C6–C14) synthesized from glucose and propionate in recombinant E. coli. This present study achieved the highest yield of de novo production of mcl-PHA containing odd-numbered monomers in E. coli at shake-flask fermentation level. Continued engineering of host strains and pathway enzymes will ultimately lead to more economical production of odd-chain monomers based on market demand. The synthetic pathway can provide a promising platform for production of other value-added chemicals and biomaterials that use acetyl-CoA and propionyl-CoA as versatile precursors and can be extended to other microorganisms as intelligent cell factories. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-019-1186-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China. .,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qingsheng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
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111
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Salvador M, Abdulmutalib U, Gonzalez J, Kim J, Smith AA, Faulon JL, Wei R, Zimmermann W, Jimenez JI. Microbial Genes for a Circular and Sustainable Bio-PET Economy. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E373. [PMID: 31100963 PMCID: PMC6562992 DOI: 10.3390/genes10050373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Plastics have become an important environmental concern due to their durability and resistance to degradation. Out of all plastic materials, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) are amenable to biological degradation due to the action of microbial polyester hydrolases. The hydrolysis products obtained from PET can thereby be used for the synthesis of novel PET as well as become a potential carbon source for microorganisms. In addition, microorganisms and biomass can be used for the synthesis of the constituent monomers of PET from renewable sources. The combination of both biodegradation and biosynthesis would enable a completely circular bio-PET economy beyond the conventional recycling processes. Circular strategies like this could contribute to significantly decreasing the environmental impact of our dependence on this polymer. Here we review the efforts made towards turning PET into a viable feedstock for microbial transformations. We highlight current bottlenecks in degradation of the polymer and metabolism of the monomers, and we showcase fully biological or semisynthetic processes leading to the synthesis of PET from sustainable substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Salvador
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Umar Abdulmutalib
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Jaime Gonzalez
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Juhyun Kim
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Alex A Smith
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Jean-Loup Faulon
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
- SYNBIOCHEM Centre, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, UK.
- CNRS-UMR8030/Laboratoire iSSB, Université Paris-Saclay, 91000 Évry, France.
| | - Ren Wei
- Department of Microbiology and Bioprocess Technology, Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Zimmermann
- Department of Microbiology and Bioprocess Technology, Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Jose I Jimenez
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
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112
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Tan ZL, Zheng X, Wu Y, Jian X, Xing X, Zhang C. In vivo continuous evolution of metabolic pathways for chemical production. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:82. [PMID: 31088458 PMCID: PMC6518619 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1132-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms have long been used as chemical plant to convert simple substrates into complex molecules. Various metabolic pathways have been optimised over the past few decades, but the progresses were limited due to our finite knowledge on metabolism. Evolution is a knowledge-free genetic randomisation approach, employed to improve the chemical production in microbial cell factories. However, evolution of large, complex pathway was a great challenge. The invention of continuous culturing systems and in vivo genetic diversification technologies have changed the way how laboratory evolution is conducted, render optimisation of large, complex pathway possible. In vivo genetic diversification, phenotypic selection, and continuous cultivation are the key elements in in vivo continuous evolution, where any human intervention in the process is prohibited. This approach is crucial in highly efficient evolution strategy of metabolic pathway evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Lin Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture, 226-8503 Japan
- Laboratory of Future Interdisciplinary Research and Science Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture, 226-8503 Japan
| | - Xiang Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Yinan Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Xingjin Jian
- MOE Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Xinhui Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Chong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
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