101
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Zhang Z, Liu J, Xiao M, Zhang Q, Liu Z, Liu M, Zhang P, Zeng Y. Peptide nanotube loaded with a STING agonist, c-di-GMP, enhance cancer immunotherapy against melanoma. NANO RESEARCH 2022; 16:5206-5215. [PMID: 36405984 PMCID: PMC9643898 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-5102-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The activation of the stimulating factor of the interferon gene (STING) pathway can enhance the immune response within the tumor. Cyclic diguanylate monophosphate (c-di-GMP) is a negatively charged, hydrophilic STING agonist, however, its effectiveness is limited due to the poor membrane permeability and low bioavailability. Herein, we introduced KL-7 peptide derived from Aβ amyloid fibrils that can self-assemble to form nanotubes to load and deliver c-di-GMP, which significantly enhanced c-di-GMP's effectiveness and then exhibited a robust "in situ immunity" to kill melanoma cells. KL-7 peptide nanotube, also called PNT, was loaded with negatively charged c-di-GMP via electrostatic interaction, which prepared a nanocomposite named c-di-GMP-PNT. Treatment of RAW 264.7 cells (leukemia cells in mouse macrophage) with c-di-GMP-PNT markedly stimulated the secretion of IL-6 and INF-β along with phospho-STING (Ser365) protein expression, indicating the activation of the STING pathway. In the unilateral flank B16-F10 (murine melanoma cells) tumor-bearing mouse model, compared to PNT and c-di-GMP, c-di-GMP-PNT can promote the expression of INF-β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. At the same time, up-regulated CD4 and CD8 active T cells kill tumors and enhance the immune response in tumor tissues, resulting in significant inhibition of tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice. More importantly, in a bilateral flank B16-F10 tumor model, both primary and distant tumor growth can also be significantly inhibited by c-di-GMP-PNT. Moreover, c-di-GMP-PNT demonstrated no obvious biological toxicity on the main organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney) and biochemical indexes of mice. In summary, our study provides a strategy to overcome the barriers of free c-di-GMP in the tumor microenvironment and c-di-GMP-PNT may be an attractive nanomaterial for anti-tumor immunity. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material (synthesis and characterization of KL-7 peptide; the encapsulation rate and cumulative release rate of c-di-GMP-PNT; cytotoxicity of PNT, c-di-GMP, and c-di-GMP-PNT; anti-tumor effect of c-di-GMP-PNT (equivalent to 1 and 5 µg c-di-GMP per mouse); representative immunofluorescence images; and biosafety analysis) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-022-5102-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
| | - Min Xiao
- Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
| | - Quanfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
| | - Meiyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
| | - Peng Zhang
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
| | - Youlin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
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102
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Inhibition of cGAS ameliorates acute lung injury triggered by zinc oxide nanoparticles. Toxicol Lett 2022; 373:62-75. [PMID: 36368621 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) have been widely used in various industrial and biomedical fields. Occupational or accidental inhalation exposure to ZnONPs might lead to acute lung injury (ALI). Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) are critical for the initiation and expansion of inflammation and contribute to tissue injury; however, the role and mechanism of the cGAS-STING pathway in ALI-induced by ZnONPs are unclear. METHODS Male C57BL/6 J mice were intratracheally injected with ZnONPs (0.6 mg/kg) or mock. The mice were euthanized and the degree of lung injury was determined 3 days after the instillation of ZnONPs. The BEAS-2B cell line was used as a cell model to investigate the cytotoxicity of ZnONPs in vitro. RESULTS We found that ZnONPs inhalation induced ALI in mice, manifested by exacerbated lung pathological changes, mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress and inflammation. Interestingly, cGAS and STING were activated in the lung tissues of the mice and BEAS-2B lung epithelial cells treated with ZnONPs. More importantly, we illustrated that the cGAS inhibitor RU.521 inhibited the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway, further decreased oxidative stress and inflammation, and led to ameliorated lung injury in mice treated with ZnONPs. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that ZnONPs trigger the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway, which plays an important role in ZnONPs-induced ALI. Inhibition of cGAS with RU.521 mitigates the oxidative stress induced by ZnONPs, suggesting that targeting the cGAS-STING pathway may be a feasible strategy to ameliorate the pulmonary injury caused by nanoparticles.
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103
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Shen M, Chen C, Guo Q, Wang Q, Liao J, Wang L, Yu J, Xue M, Duan Y, Zhang J. Systemic Delivery of mPEG-Masked Trispecific T-Cell Nanoengagers in Synergy with STING Agonists Overcomes Immunotherapy Resistance in TNBC and Generates a Vaccination Effect. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2203523. [PMID: 36089659 PMCID: PMC9661824 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
T-cell engagers (TCEs) represent a breakthrough in hematological malignancy treatment but are vulnerable to antigen escape and lack a vaccination effect. The "immunologically cold" solid tumor presents substantial challenges due to intratumor heterogeneity and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, a methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG)-masked CD44×PD-L1/CD3 trispecific T-cell nanoengager loaded with the STING agonist c-di-AMP (CDA) (PmTriTNE@CDA) for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is rationally designed. PmTriTNE@CDA shows tumor-specific accumulation and is preferentially unmasked in response to a weakly acidic TME to prevent on-target off-tumor toxicity. The unmasked CD44×PD-L1/CD3 trispecific T-cell nanoengager (TriTNE) targets dual tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) to redirect CD8+ T cells for heterogeneous TNBC lysis while achieving PD-L1 blockade. PmTriTNE synergized with CDA to transform the cold tumor into a hot tumor, eradicate the large established TNBC tumor, and induce protective immune memory in a 4T1 orthotopic tumor model without causing obvious toxicity. PmTriTNE@CDA shows potent efficacy in cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models. This study serves as a proof-of-concept demonstration of a nanobased TCEs strategy to expand therapeutic combinations that previously could not be achieved due to systemic toxicity with the aim of overcoming TNBC heterogeneity and immunotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer InstituteRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200032China
- Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical TechnologiesShanghai200032China
| | - Chuanrong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer InstituteRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyYijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical CollegeWuhu240001China
| | - Qianqian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji HospitalSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Quan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji HospitalSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Jinghan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer InstituteRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Liting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji HospitalSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Jian Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer InstituteRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Man Xue
- Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical TechnologiesShanghai200032China
| | - Yourong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer InstituteRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer InstituteRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200032China
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Venkatraman R, De Nardo D. Removing the B (cell)
STING
to improve cancer immunotherapy. Immunol Cell Biol 2022; 100:753-756. [DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Venkatraman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunity Program Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | - Dominic De Nardo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunity Program Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
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105
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Craig DJ, Ambrose S, Stanbery L, Walter A, Nemunaitis J. Systemic benefit of radiation therapy via abscopal effect. Front Oncol 2022; 12:987142. [PMID: 36387120 PMCID: PMC9641206 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.987142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence of a systemic response related to localized radiation therapy (RT) in cancer management is rare. However, enhancing the immune response via immunotherapy followed by localized RT has shown evidence of tumor shrinkage to non-irradiated metastatic disease thereby inducing an "abscopal effect." Combined induction of the cGAS-STING pathway and activation of IFN-gamma signaling cascade related to RT within an activated immune environment promotes neoantigen presentation and expansion of cytotoxic effector cells enabling enhancement of systemic immune response. A proposed mechanism, case examples, and clinical trial evidence of "abscopal effect" benefit are reviewed. Results support strategic therapeutic testing to enhance "abscopal effect."
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Craig
- University of Toledo, Department of Internal Medicine, Toledo, OH, United States
| | | | - Laura Stanbery
- Medical Affairs, Gradalis, Inc., Carrollton, TX, United States
| | - Adam Walter
- Medical Affairs, Gradalis, Inc., Carrollton, TX, United States
- Gynecologic Oncology, Promedica, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - John Nemunaitis
- Medical Affairs, Gradalis, Inc., Carrollton, TX, United States
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106
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Tian Z, Zeng Y, Peng Y, Liu J, Wu F. Cancer immunotherapy strategies that target the cGAS-STING pathway. Front Immunol 2022; 13:996663. [PMID: 36353640 PMCID: PMC9639746 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.996663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the cGAS-STING pathway by cytoplasmic DNA induces the production of Type-1 interferons. Recent advances in research suggest that the cGAS-STING pathway is involved in different parts of the cancer-immunity cycle (CIC) to promote or suppress antitumor immune responses. Combination therapy of STING agonists has made certain progress in preclinical as well as clinical trials, but the selection of combination therapy regimens remains a challenge. In this review, we summarize the role of the cGAS-STING in all aspects of CIC, and focus on the combination immunotherapy strategies of STING agonists and current unsolved challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoying Tian
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue Zeng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yurong Peng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junqi Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Cancer Mega-Data Intelligent Application and Engineering Research Centre, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy in Lung Cancer, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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107
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Lin Y, Liu D, Li X, Ma Y, Pan X. TMEM184B promotes proliferation, migration and invasion, and inhibits apoptosis in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:5551-5561. [PMID: 36254814 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Several members of the transmembrane protein family are associated with the biological processes of human malignancies; however, the expression pattern and biological function of one family member, TMEM184B, in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) are not fully understood. The expression between HPSCC tumours and adjacent normal tissues was determined by the Immunohistochemistry (IHC). A bioinformatics analysis was performed to verify the expression pattern of TMEM184B in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Furthermore, in vitro assays on cell proliferation, invasion, migration and in vivo experiments on tumour growth and apoptosis of TMEM184B in HPSCC were performed. We found that the HPSCC tissues had a significantly higher expression of TMEM184B than the adjacent normal tissues. Bioinformatics analysis confirmed the different expression of TMEM184B expression in HPSCC. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that TMEM184B promotes HPSCC cell growth, cell invasion and migration in FaDu cells, whereas flow cytometry assay showed that TMEM184B inhibited cell apoptosis. Our study revealed for the first time that TMEM184B might serve an oncogenic function in HPSCC and could be a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HPSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dayu Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuexin Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinliang Pan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qingdao, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Jinan, China
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108
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Lv J, Xing C, Chen Y, Bian H, Lv N, Wang Z, Liu M, Su L. The STING in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases: Potential Therapeutic Targets in Inflammation-Carcinogenesis Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1241. [PMID: 36297353 PMCID: PMC9611148 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), an important chronic disease, is one of the major causes of high mortality and creates a substantial financial burden worldwide. The various immune cells in the liver, including macrophages, NK cells, dendritic cells, and the neutrophils involved in the innate immune response, trigger inflammation after recognizing the damage signaled from infection or injured cells and tissues. The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a critical molecule that binds to the cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) generated by the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) to initiate the innate immune response against infection. Previous studies have demonstrated that the cGAS-STING pathway plays a critical role in inflammatory, auto-immune, and anti-viral immune responses. Recently, studies have focused on the role of STING in liver diseases, the results implying that alterations in its activity may be involved in the pathogenesis of liver disorders. Here, we summarize the function of STING in the development of NAFLD and present the current inhibitors and agonists targeting STING.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lv
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chunlei Xing
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Huihui Bian
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Nanning Lv
- Lianyungang Second People’s Hospital, Lianyungang 222002, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200020, China
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mingming Liu
- Lianyungang Second People’s Hospital, Lianyungang 222002, China
| | - Li Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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109
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Yi M, Niu M, Wu Y, Ge H, Jiao D, Zhu S, Zhang J, Yan Y, Zhou P, Chu Q, Wu K. Combination of oral STING agonist MSA-2 and anti-TGF-β/PD-L1 bispecific antibody YM101: a novel immune cocktail therapy for non-inflamed tumors. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:142. [PMID: 36209176 PMCID: PMC9548169 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01363-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-inflamed tumors, including immune-excluded and immune-desert tumors, are commonly resistant to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 (α-PD-1/PD-L1) therapy. Our previous study reported the potent antitumor activity of anti-TGF-β/PD-L1 bispecific antibody YM101 in immune-excluded tumors. However, YM101 had limited antitumor activity in immune-desert models. MSA-2 is a novel oral stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist, which activates the innate immune system and may synergize with YM101 in overcoming immunotherapy resistance. METHODS The dose-dependent effect of MSA-2 on STING signaling was determined by interferon-β level. The maturation and function of dendritic cell (DC) were measured by flow cytometry, RNA-seq, one-way mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), OVA peptide pulse, and cytokine/chemokine detection. The synergistic effect between MSA-2 and YM101 was assessed by one-way MLR. The macrophage activation was measured by flow cytometry and cytokine/chemokine detection. The in vivo antitumor activity of MSA-2 combined with YM101 was explored in syngeneic murine tumor models. After treatments, the alterations in the tumor microenvironment (TME) were detected by flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry staining, immunofluorescence staining, RNA-seq, and single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq). RESULTS MSA-2 could promote the maturation and antigen presentation capability of murine DC. In the one-way MLR assay, MSA-2 synergized with YM101 in enhancing naive T cell activation. Moreover, MSA-2 stimulated the classical activation of macrophage, without significant influence on alternative activation. Further in vivo explorations showed that MSA-2 increased multiple proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the TME. MSA-2 combined with YM101 remarkedly retarded tumor growth in immune-excluded and immune-desert models, with superior antitumor activity to monotherapies. Flow cytometry, bulk RNA-seq, and scRNA-seq assays indicated that the combination therapy simultaneously boosted the innate and adaptive immunity, promoted antigen presentation, improved T cell migration and chemotaxis, and upregulated the numbers and activities of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that MSA-2 synergizes with YM101 in boosting antitumor immunity. This immune cocktail therapy effectively overcomes immunotherapy resistance in immune-excluded and immune-desert models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Ge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, People's Republic of China
| | - Dechao Jiao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangli Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Biolake, Wuhan, 430075, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxiang Yan
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Biolake, Wuhan, 430075, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Biolake, Wuhan, 430075, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China.
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110
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Post-Translational Modifications of cGAS-STING: A Critical Switch for Immune Regulation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193043. [PMID: 36231006 PMCID: PMC9563579 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immune mechanisms initiate immune responses via pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), a member of the PRRs, senses diverse pathogenic or endogenous DNA and activates innate immune signaling pathways, including the expression of stimulator of interferon genes (STING), type I interferon, and other inflammatory cytokines, which, in turn, instructs the adaptive immune response development. This groundbreaking discovery has rapidly advanced research on host defense, cancer biology, and autoimmune disorders. Since cGAS/STING has enormous potential in eliciting an innate immune response, understanding its functional regulation is critical. As the most widespread and efficient regulatory mode of the cGAS-STING pathway, post-translational modifications (PTMs), such as the covalent linkage of functional groups to amino acid chains, are generally considered a regulatory mechanism for protein destruction or renewal. In this review, we discuss cGAS-STING signaling transduction and its mechanism in related diseases and focus on the current different regulatory modalities of PTMs in the control of the cGAS-STING-triggered innate immune and inflammatory responses.
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111
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Zhao X, Wang Y, Jiang W, Wang Q, Li J, Wen Z, Li A, Zhang K, Zhang Z, Shi J, Liu J. Herpesvirus-Mimicking DNAzyme-Loaded Nanoparticles as a Mitochondrial DNA Stress Inducer to Activate Innate Immunity for Tumor Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2204585. [PMID: 35869026 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Virus-based immunotherapy is a promising approach to treat tumor. Closely mimicking the structure and sequential infection processes of natural viruses is highly desirable for effective tumor immunotherapy but remains challenging. Here, inspired by the robust innate immunity induced by herpesvirus, a herpesvirus-mimicking nanoparticle (named Vir-ZM@TD) is engineered for tumor therapy by mimicking the structure and infection processes of herpesvirus. In this biomimetic system, DNAzyme-loaded manganese-doped zeolitic imidazolate framework-90 (ZIF-90) nanoparticles (ZM@TD) mimic the virus nucleocapsid containing the genome; the erythrocyte membrane mimics the viral envelope; and two functional peptides, RGD and HA2 peptides, resemble the surface glycoprotein spikes of herpesvirus. Vir-ZM@TD can both effectively evade rapid clearance in the blood circulation and closely mimic the serial infection processes of herpesvirus, including specific tumor targeting, membrane fusion-mediated endosomal escape, and TFAM (transcription factor A, mitochondrial) deficiency-triggered mitochondrial DNA stress, as well as the release of manganese ions (Mn2+ ) from organelles into the cytosol, ultimately effectively priming cGAS-STING pathway-mediated innate immunity with 68% complete regression of primary tumors and extending by 32 days the median survival time of 4T1-tumor-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yiyang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wenxiao Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Qiongwei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhiyang Wen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Airong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhenzhong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Science and Technology, Department of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jinjin Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Junjie Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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112
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Lu D, Wang L, Wang L, An L, Huo M, Xu H, Shi J. Probiotic Engineering and Targeted Sonoimmuno-Therapy Augmented by STING Agonist. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201711. [PMID: 35603970 PMCID: PMC9353485 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Tumor targeting and effective immunomodulation are of critical significance during tumor treatment by sonodynamic therapy (SDT). Herein, the probiotic engineering of the clinically approved sonosensitizer (hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME)) is reported onto the probiotic bacterium Bifidobacteria Longum (BiL) for sonosensitive bifidobacterium construction (HMME@BiL cells). Based on the hypoxic tropism feature of the strain, effective tumor-targeted sonodynamic therapeutics can be achieved both in vitro and in vivo. To improve the immunological responses against tumor during sonodynamics, a recently-developed stimulator of interferon genes immune agonist SR717 has been employed to improve the anti-tumor immunity with prominent activities, eradicating both primary and metastatic tumors with high efficiency and satisfied biocompatibility. The present work provides a promising paradigm of microbiotic nanomedicine in a sophisticated sonoimmunotherapeutic strategy against malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lu
- Department of Medical UltrasoundShanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and TreatmentNational Clinical Research Center of Interventional MedicineUltrasound Research and Education InstituteShanghai Tenth People's HospitalShanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic MedicineSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Liying Wang
- Department of Medical UltrasoundShanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and TreatmentNational Clinical Research Center of Interventional MedicineUltrasound Research and Education InstituteShanghai Tenth People's HospitalShanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic MedicineSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesResearch Unit of Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious DiseaseChinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012)Shanghai200050P. R. China
| | - Liwei An
- Department of Medical UltrasoundShanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and TreatmentNational Clinical Research Center of Interventional MedicineUltrasound Research and Education InstituteShanghai Tenth People's HospitalShanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic MedicineSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Minfeng Huo
- Department of Medical UltrasoundShanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and TreatmentNational Clinical Research Center of Interventional MedicineUltrasound Research and Education InstituteShanghai Tenth People's HospitalShanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic MedicineSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesResearch Unit of Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious DiseaseChinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012)Shanghai200050P. R. China
| | - Huixiong Xu
- Department of Medical UltrasoundShanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and TreatmentNational Clinical Research Center of Interventional MedicineUltrasound Research and Education InstituteShanghai Tenth People's HospitalShanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic MedicineSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- Department of Medical UltrasoundShanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and TreatmentNational Clinical Research Center of Interventional MedicineUltrasound Research and Education InstituteShanghai Tenth People's HospitalShanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic MedicineSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesResearch Unit of Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious DiseaseChinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012)Shanghai200050P. R. China
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113
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Zhang Z, Liu X, Chen D, Yu J. Radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy: the dawn of cancer treatment. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:258. [PMID: 35906199 PMCID: PMC9338328 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01102-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is delivered for purposes of local control, but can also exert systemic effect on remote and non-irradiated tumor deposits, which is called abscopal effect. The view of RT as a simple local treatment has dramatically changed in recent years, and it is now widely accepted that RT can provoke a systemic immune response which gives a strong rationale for the combination of RT and immunotherapy (iRT). Nevertheless, several points remain to be addressed such as the interaction of RT and immune system, the identification of the best schedules for combination with immunotherapy (IO), the expansion of abscopal effect and the mechanism to amplify iRT. To answer these crucial questions, we roundly summarize underlying rationale showing the whole immune landscape in RT and clinical trials to attempt to identify the best schedules of iRT. In consideration of the rarity of abscopal effect, we propose that the occurrence of abscopal effect induced by radiation can be promoted to 100% in view of molecular and genetic level. Furthermore, the “radscopal effect” which refers to using low-dose radiation to reprogram the tumor microenvironment may amplify the occurrence of abscopal effect and overcome the resistance of iRT. Taken together, RT could be regarded as a trigger of systemic antitumor immune response, and with the help of IO can be used as a radical and systemic treatment and be added into current standard regimen of patients with metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengfu Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong University Cancer Center, Yantai Road, No. 2999, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jiyan Road, No. 440, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong University Cancer Center, Yantai Road, No. 2999, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong University Cancer Center, Yantai Road, No. 2999, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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114
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Alarcon NO, Jaramillo M, Mansour HM, Sun B. Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines—Antigen Discovery and Adjuvant Delivery Platforms. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071448. [PMID: 35890342 PMCID: PMC9325128 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, vaccines have played a significant role in protecting public and personal health against infectious diseases and proved their great potential in battling cancers as well. This review focused on the current progress of therapeutic subunit vaccines for cancer immunotherapy. Antigens and adjuvants are key components of vaccine formulations. We summarized several classes of tumor antigens and bioinformatic approaches of identification of tumor neoantigens. Pattern recognition receptor (PRR)-targeting adjuvants and their targeted delivery platforms have been extensively discussed. In addition, we emphasized the interplay between multiple adjuvants and their combined delivery for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neftali Ortega Alarcon
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (N.O.A.); (M.J.); (H.M.M.)
| | - Maddy Jaramillo
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (N.O.A.); (M.J.); (H.M.M.)
| | - Heidi M. Mansour
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (N.O.A.); (M.J.); (H.M.M.)
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
- BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Bo Sun
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (N.O.A.); (M.J.); (H.M.M.)
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-520-621-6420
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115
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Zhang Q, Chen Q, Yan C, Niu C, Zhou J, Liu J, Song Y, Zhou F, Fan Y, Ren J, Xu H, Zhang B. The Absence of STING Ameliorates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Reforms Gut Bacterial Community. Front Immunol 2022; 13:931176. [PMID: 35844603 PMCID: PMC9279660 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.931176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the primary causes of cirrhosis and a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma and liver-related death. It has been correlated with changes in the gut microbiota, which promote its development by regulating insulin resistance, bile acid and choline metabolism, and inflammation. Recent studies suggested a controversial role of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) in the development of NAFLD. Here, we showed that as an immune regulator, STING aggravates the progression of NAFLD in diet-induced mice and correlated it with the changes in hepatic lipid metabolism and gut microbiota diversity. After feeding wild-type (WT) and STING deletion mice with a normal control diet (NCD) or a high-fat diet (HFD), the STING deletion mice showed decreased lipid accumulation and liver inflammation compared with WT mice fed the same diet. In addition, STING specifically produced this hepatoprotective effect by inhibiting the activation of CD8+ T cells. The gut microbiota analysis revealed significant differences in intestinal bacteria between STING deletion mice and WT mice under the same diet and environmental conditions; moreover, differential bacterial genera were associated with altered metabolic phenotypes and involved in related metabolic pathways. Overall, our findings reveal the important regulatory role that STING plays in the progression of NAFLD. In addition, the change in intestinal microbiota diversity may be the contributing factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yancheng Third People’s Hospital (The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University), Yancheng, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Digestive Disease, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiongyun Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Digestive Disease, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Changsheng Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Digestive Disease, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chunyan Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Lishui People’s Hospital (Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University), Nanjing, China
| | - Jingping Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanyun Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianlin Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Digestive Disease, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Intestinal Microbiome and Human Health, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Institute for Microbial Ecology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Jianlin Ren, ; Hongzhi Xu, ; Bangzhou Zhang,
| | - Hongzhi Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Digestive Disease, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Intestinal Microbiome and Human Health, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Institute for Microbial Ecology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Jianlin Ren, ; Hongzhi Xu, ; Bangzhou Zhang,
| | - Bangzhou Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Digestive Disease, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Intestinal Microbiome and Human Health, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Jianlin Ren, ; Hongzhi Xu, ; Bangzhou Zhang,
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116
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Morere J, Hognon C, Miclot T, Jiang T, Dumont E, Barone G, Monari A, Bignon E. How Fragile We Are: Influence of Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) Variants on Pathogen Recognition and Immune Response Efficiency. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:3096-3106. [PMID: 35675714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein is a cornerstone of the human immune response. Its activation by cGAMP in the presence of cytosolic DNA stimulates the production of type I interferons and inflammatory cytokines. In the human population, several STING variants exist and exhibit dramatic differences in their activity, impacting the efficiency of the host defense against infections. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of these variants opens perspectives for personalized medicine treatments against diseases such as viral infections, cancers, or autoinflammatory diseases. Through microsecond-scale molecular modeling simulations, contact analyses, and machine learning techniques, we reveal the dynamic behavior of four STING variants (wild type, G230A, R293Q, and G230A/R293Q) and rationalize the variability of efficiency observed experimentally. Our results show that the decrease in STING activity is linked to a stiffening of key structural elements of the binding cavity together with changes in the interaction patterns within the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Morere
- Université de Lorraine and CNRS, LPCT UMR 7019, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Cécilia Hognon
- Université de Lorraine and CNRS, LPCT UMR 7019, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Tom Miclot
- Université de Lorraine and CNRS, LPCT UMR 7019, F-54000 Nancy, France.,Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Palermo, via delle Scienze, 90126 Palermo, Italy
| | - Tao Jiang
- Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Elise Dumont
- Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie, F-69342 Lyon, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 5 rue Descartes, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Giampaolo Barone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Palermo, via delle Scienze, 90126 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Monari
- Université de Lorraine and CNRS, LPCT UMR 7019, F-54000 Nancy, France.,Université Paris Cité and CNRS, ITODYS, F-75006, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Bignon
- Université de Lorraine and CNRS, LPCT UMR 7019, F-54000 Nancy, France
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117
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Development of Novel Ecto-Nucleotide Pyrophosphatase/Phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) Inhibitors for Tumor Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137104. [PMID: 35806118 PMCID: PMC9266353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclic guanosine monophosphate–adenosine monophosphate synthase–stimulator of interferon genes–TANK-binding kinase 1–interferon regulating factor 3 (cGAS-STING-TBK1-IRF3) axis is now acknowledged as the major signaling pathway in innate immune responses. However, 2′,3′-cGAMP as a STING stimulator is easily recognized and degraded by ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1), which reduces the effect of tumor immunotherapy and promotes metastatic progression. In this investigation, the structure-based virtual screening strategy was adopted to discover eight candidate compounds containing zinc-binding quinazolin-4(3H)-one scaffold as ENPP1 inhibitors. Subsequently, these novel inhibitors targeting ENPP1 were synthesized and characterized by NMR and high-resolution mass spectra (HRMS). In bioassays, 7-fluoro-2-(((5-methoxy-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-yl)thio)methyl)quina-zolin-4(3H)-one(compound 4e) showed excellent activity against the ENPP1 at the molecular and cellular levels, with IC50 values of 0.188 μM and 0.732 μM, respectively. Additionally, compound 4e had superior selectivity towards metastatic breast cancer cells (4T1) than towards normal cells (LO2 and 293T) in comparison with cisplatin, indicating that compound 4e can potentially be used in metastatic breast cancer therapy. On the other hand, compound 4e upgraded the expression levels of IFN-β in vivo by preventing the ENPP1 from hydrolyzing the cGAMP to stimulate a more potent innate immune response. Therefore, this compound might be applied to boost antitumor immunity for cancer immunotherapy. Overall, our work provides a strategy for the development of a promising drug candidate targeting ENPP1 for tumor immunotherapy.
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118
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Lee SE, Jang GY, Lee JW, Park SH, Han HD, Park YM, Kang TH. Improvement of STING-mediated cancer immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors as a game-changer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2022; 71:3029-3042. [DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03220-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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119
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Li N, Zheng X, Chen M, Huang L, Chen L, Huo R, Li X, Huang Y, Sun M, Mai S, Wu Z, Zhang H, Liu J, Yang CT. Deficient DNASE1L3 facilitates neutrophil extracellular traps-induced invasion via cyclic GMP-AMP synthase and the non-canonical NF-κB pathway in diabetic hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Transl Immunology 2022; 11:e1386. [PMID: 35474906 PMCID: PMC9021716 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Diabetic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients have high mortality and metastasis rates. Diabetic conditions promote neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) generation, which mediates HCC metastasis and invasion. However, whether and how diabetes-induced NETs trigger HCC invasion is largely unknown. Here, we aimed to observe the effects of diabetes-induced NETs on HCC invasion and investigate mechanisms relevant to a DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS). Methods Serum from diabetic patients and healthy individuals was collected. Human neutrophil-derived NETs were isolated for stimulating HCC cell invasion. Data from the SEER and TCGA databases were used for bioinformatics analysis. In HCC cells and allograft models, NETs-triggered invasion was observed. Results Diabetic HCC patients had poorer survival than non-diabetic ones. Either diabetic serum or extracted NETs caused HCC invasion. Induction of diabetes or NETosis elicited HCC allograft invasion in nude mice. HCC cell invasion was attenuated by the treatment with DNase1. In TCGA_LIHC, an extracellular DNase DNASE1L3 was downregulated in tumor tissues, while function terms (the endocytic vesicle membrane, the NF-κB pathway and extracellular matrix disassembly) were enriched. DNASE1L3 knockdown in LO2 hepatocytes or H22 cell-derived allografts facilitated HCC invasion in NETotic or diabetic nude mice. Moreover, exposure of HCC cells to NETs upregulated cGAS and the non-canonical NF-κB pathway and induced expression of metastasis genes (MMP9 and SPP1). Both cGAS inhibitor and NF-κB RELB knockdown diminished HCC invasion caused by NETs DNA. Also, cGAS inhibitor was able to retard translocation of NF-κB RELB. Conclusion Defective DNASE1L3 aggravates NETs DNA-triggered HCC invasion on diabetic conditions via cGAS and the non-canonical NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China.,Department of Pathology Yue Bei People's Hospital Shaoguan China
| | - Xue Zheng
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Mianrong Chen
- Department of Radiology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Li Chen
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Rui Huo
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Yucan Huang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Mingwen Sun
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Suiqing Mai
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Zhuoyi Wu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Chun-Tao Yang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation School of Basic Medical Sciences Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
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120
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Li R, Lin W, Kuang Y, Wang J, Xu S, Shen C, Qiu Q, Shi M, Xiao Y, Liang L, Xu H. cGAS/STING signaling in the regulation of rheumatoid synovial aggression. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:431. [PMID: 35571412 PMCID: PMC9096383 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-4533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) play a critical role in promoting synovial aggression and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)/stimulator of interferon gene (STING) signaling plays an important role in controlling a series of cellular biological processes. However, it is still unclear whether cGAS/STING signaling regulates rheumatoid synovial aggression. Methods Cell migration and invasion were detected using a Transwell chamber. Gene expression was measured using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and protein expression was detected by western blotting. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured by 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) probe. F-actin staining and immunofluorescence assays were used to investigate lamellipodia formation and nuclear translocation, respectively. A severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse model was established to observe the migration and invasion of RA FLSs in vivo. Results Our results showed that cytosolic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA)-induced cGAS/STING activation promoted the in vitro migration and invasion of RA FLSs. Moreover, RA FLSs treated with cGAS or STING short hairpin RNA (shRNA) exhibited reduced invasion into cartilage in the SCID model. Mechanistically, we determined that cGAS/STING activation leads to increased mitochondrial ROS levels, and thereby increases phosphorylation of mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 (MST1), a core component of the Hippo pathway, subsequently promoting activation of forkhead box1 (FOXO1). MST1 and FOXO1 knockdown also diminished the migration and invasion of RA FLSs. Conclusions Our findings suggest that cGAS/STING signaling has an important role in regulating rheumatoid synovial aggression and that targeting cGAS/STING may represent a novel potential therapy for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiru Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Kuang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingnan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siqi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuyu Shen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Qiu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maohua Shi
- Department of Rheumatology, the First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Youjun Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liuqin Liang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanshi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Da Y, Liu Y, Hu Y, Liu W, Ma J, Lu N, Zhang C, Zhang C. STING agonist cGAMP enhances anti-tumor activity of CAR-NK cells against pancreatic cancer. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2054105. [PMID: 35371622 PMCID: PMC8967397 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2054105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the stimulator of interferon gene (STING)-mediated innate immune response has been suggested as a promising therapeutic strategy for cancers. However, the effects of STING agonist on natural killer (NK) cell-mediated anti-tumor responses in pancreatic cancer remains unknown. Herein, we evaluated the effects of a classical STING agonist cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) on NK cells in pancreatic cancer. We found that cGAMP could directly activate NK cells and enhance the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to NK cell cytotoxicity, suggesting that cGAMP may become a potential adjuvant for NK cell therapy. In addition, combination of CAR-NK-92 cells targeting mesothelin and cGAMP displayed greater antitumor efficacy by inhibiting tumor growth and prolonging survival of the mouse model of pancreatic cancer. These results suggest that the combination of a STING agonist and NK cells may become a novel immunotherapy strategy for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Da
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuxia Liu
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Nk CellTech Co., Ltd., Shanghai International Medical Park, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Nk CellTech Co., Ltd., Shanghai International Medical Park, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenzeng Liu
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Junpeng Ma
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nan Lu
- Institute of Diagnostics, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chengsheng Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cai Zhang
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Nk CellTech Co., Ltd., Shanghai International Medical Park, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
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122
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Xiong H, Chen Z, Lin B, Chen W, Li Q, Li Y, Fang M, Wang Y, Zhang H, Lu Y, Bi A, Wu S, Jia Y, Wang X. Comprehensive analysis of FKBP4/NR3C1/TMEM173 signaling pathway in triple-negative breast cancer cell and dendritic cell among tumor microenvironment. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:371-384. [PMID: 35118194 PMCID: PMC8792076 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
TMEM173 is a pattern recognition receptor detecting cytoplasmic nucleic acids and transmits cGAS related signals that activate host innate immune responses. It has also been found to be involved in tumor immunity and tumorigenesis. In this study, we first identified that the FKBP4/NR3C1 axis was a novel negative regulator of TMEM173 in human breast cancer (BC) cells. The effect of FKBP4 appeared to be at the transcriptional level of TMEM173, because it could suppress the promoter activity of TMEM173, thereby affecting TMEM173 at mRNA and protein levels. Past studies, our bioinformatics analysis, and in vitro experiments further implied that FKBP4 regulated TMEM173 via regulating nuclear translocation of NR3C1. We then demonstrated that the FKBP4/NR3C1/TMEM173 signaling pathway could regulate autophagy and proliferation of BC cells as well as dendritic cell (DC) abundance through exosome release. Our study found an unprecedented strategy used by BC to escape from TMEM173 mediated tumor suppression. Identification of the FKBP4/NR3C1 axis as a novel TMEM173 regulator would provide insights for novel anti-tumor strategy against BC among tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchu Xiong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Zihan Chen
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Baihua Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Weijun Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Yucheng Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Min Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Yanwei Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Aihong Bi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Shuqiang Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Yongshi Jia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
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Targeting DNA Damage Response and Immune Checkpoint for Anticancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063238. [PMID: 35328658 PMCID: PMC8952261 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Deficiency in DNA damage response (DDR) genes leads to impaired DNA repair functions that will induce genomic instability and facilitate cancer development. However, alterations of DDR genes can serve as biomarkers for the selection of suitable patients to receive specific therapeutics, such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. In addition, certain altered DDR genes can be ideal therapeutic targets through adapting the mechanism of synthetic lethality. Recent studies indicate that targeting DDR can improve cancer immunotherapy by modulating the immune response mediated by cGAS-STING-interferon signaling. Investigations of the interplay of DDR-targeting and ICB therapies provide more effective treatment options for cancer patients. This review introduces the mechanisms of DDR and discusses their crucial roles in cancer therapy based on the concepts of synthetic lethality and ICB. The contemporary clinical trials of DDR-targeting and ICB therapies in breast, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers are included.
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Shen R, Liu D, Wang X, Guo Z, Sun H, Song Y, Wang D. DNA Damage and Activation of cGAS/STING Pathway Induce Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:828657. [PMID: 35265630 PMCID: PMC8900217 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.828657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage occurs throughout tumorigenesis and development. The immunogenicity of DNA makes it an immune stimulatory molecule that initiates strong inflammatory responses. The cGAS/STING pathway has been investigated as a critical receptor in both exogenous and endogenous DNA sensing to activate the innate immune response. Growing lines of evidence have indicated that activation of the cGAS/STING pathway is critical in antitumor immunity. Recent studies have demonstrated the outstanding advancement of this pathway in tumor-combined immunotherapy; accordingly, increased studies focus on exploration of STING pathway agonists and analogues. However, current studies propose the potential use of the cGAS/STING pathway in tumor initiation and metastasis. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms and activation of the cGAS/STING pathway, and the relationship between DNA damage and this pathway, particularly highlighting the remodeling of immune contexture in tumor environment (TME) triggered by cascade inflammatory signals. A detailed understanding of TME reprogramming initiated by this pathway may pave the way for the development of new therapeutic strategies and rational clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Disheng Liu
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhao Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haonan Sun
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanfeng Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Degui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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125
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Zheng H, Guo B, Qiu X, Xia Y, Qu Y, Cheng L, Meng F, Zhong Z. Polymersome-mediated cytosolic delivery of cyclic dinucleotide STING agonist enhances tumor immunotherapy. Bioact Mater 2022; 16:1-11. [PMID: 35386324 PMCID: PMC8958419 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) as stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists capable of inducing strong antitumor innate immune response are highly promising for tumor immunotherapy. The efficacy of these CDNs is, however, reduced greatly by their fast clearance, poor cell uptake and inefficient cytosolic transportation. Here, we report that reduction-responsive biodegradable chimaeric polymersomes (CPs) markedly enhance tumor retention and cytosolic delivery of a synthetic CDN, ADU-S100, and bolster STING pathway activation in the tumor microenvironment and tumor draining lymph nodes, giving significantly better tumor repression and survival of B16F10 melanoma-bearing mice compared with free CDN control. The superiority of CPs-mediated CDN delivery is further verified in combination therapy with low-dose fractionated radiation, which brings about clearly stronger and longer-term immunotherapeutic effects and protection against tumor re-challenge. The development of nano-STING agonists that are able to overcome the delivery barriers of CDNs represents an effective strategy to potentiate cancer immunotherapy. Chimaeric polymersomes (CPs) show efficient loading of STING agonist cyclic dinucleotide. Intratumoral injection of CPs-CDN gives notable tumor accumulation and cytosolic delivery of STING agonist. CPs-CDN activate STING pathway in tumor microenvironment and tumor draining lymph node, giving significant tumor repression and survival of melanoma mice. CPs-CDN combined with low-dose fractionated X ray irradiation led to further boosted immunotherapy with 3/7 cured mice. Nano-STING agonists can overcome the delivery barriers of CDNs and potentiate durable cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zheng
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Beibei Guo
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Xinyun Qiu
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Yifeng Xia
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Yan Qu
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Fenghua Meng
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Zhiyuan Zhong
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
- Corresponding author. Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China.
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Xiong H, Chen Z, Lin B, Xie B, Liu X, Chen C, Li Z, Jia Y, Wu Z, Yang M, Jia Y, Wang L, Zhou J, Meng X. Naringenin Regulates FKBP4/NR3C1/NRF2 Axis in Autophagy and Proliferation of Breast Cancer and Differentiation and Maturation of Dendritic Cell. Front Immunol 2022; 12:745111. [PMID: 35087512 PMCID: PMC8786807 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.745111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
NRF2 is an important regulatory transcription factor involved in tumor immunity and tumorigenesis. In this study, we firstly identified that FKBP4/NR3C1 axis was a novel negative regulator of NRF2 in human breast cancer (BC) cells. The effect of FKBP4 appeared to be at protein level of NRF2 since it could not suppress the expression of NRF2 at mRNA level. Bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments further demonstrated that FKBP4 regulated NRF2 via regulating nuclear translocation of NR3C1. We then reported that naringenin, a flavonoid, widely distributed in citrus and tomato, could suppress autophagy and proliferation of BC cells through FKBP4/NR3C1/NRF2 signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Naringenin was also found to promote dendritic cell (DC) differentiation and maturation through FKBP4/NR3C1/NRF2 axis. Therefore, our study found that naringenin could induce inhibition of autophagy and cell proliferation in BC cells and enhance DC differentiation and maturation, at least in part, though regulation of FKBP4/NR3C1/NRF2 signaling pathway. Identification of FKBP4/NR3C1/NRF2 axis would provide insights for novel anti-tumor strategy against BC among tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchu Xiong
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zihan Chen
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baihua Lin
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bojian Xie
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, China
| | - Xiaozhen Liu
- Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoqing Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunlu Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuazhua Wu
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Yang
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongshi Jia
- Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linbo Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jichun Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuli Meng
- Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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Yang Y, Huang Y, Zeng Z. Advances in cGAS-STING Signaling Pathway and Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:800393. [PMID: 35186921 PMCID: PMC8851069 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.800393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogens can produce conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) after invading the body, which can be specifically recognized by host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). In recent years, it has been found that cytoplasmic DNA receptors recognize exogenous DNA inducing activation of interferon 1 (IFN1), which is a rapid advance in various research areas. The cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS) stimulator of interferon gene (STING) signaling pathway is a critical natural immune pathway in cells. Early studies revealed that it plays a crucial regulatory role in pathogen infection and tumor, and it is associated with various human autoimmune diseases. Recently studies have found that activation of cGAS-STING signaling pathway is related to different organ injuries. The present review elaborates on the regulation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and its role in various diseases, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for immunotherapy targeting this pathway.
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128
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Zhou J, Ventura CJ, Fang RH, Zhang L. Nanodelivery of STING agonists against cancer and infectious diseases. Mol Aspects Med 2022; 83:101007. [PMID: 34353637 PMCID: PMC8792206 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination is a modality that has been widely explored for the treatment of various diseases. To increase the potency of vaccine formulations, immunostimulatory adjuvants have been regularly exploited, and the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway has recently emerged as a remarkable therapeutic target. STING is an endogenous protein on the endoplasmic reticulum that is a downstream sensor to cytosolic DNA. Upon activation, STING initiates a series of intracellular signaling cascades that ultimately generate potent type I interferon-mediated immune responses. Both natural and synthetic agonists have been used to stimulate the STING pathway, but they are usually administered locally due to low bioavailability, instability, and difficulty in bypassing the plasma membrane. With excellent pharmacokinetic profiles and versatility, nanocarriers can address many of these challenges and broaden the application of STING vaccines. Along these lines, STING-inducing nanovaccines are being developed to address a wide range of diseases. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in STING nanovaccines for anticancer, antiviral, and antibacterial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Zhou
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Christian J Ventura
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ronnie H Fang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Liangfang Zhang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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Abstract
Chronic inflammation increases the risk of several cancers, including gastric, colon, and hepatic cancers. Conversely, tumors, similar to tissue injury, trigger an inflammatory response coordinated by the innate immune system. Cellular and molecular mediators of inflammation modulate tumor growth directly and by influencing the adaptive immune response. Depending on the balance of immune cell types and signals within the tumor microenvironment, inflammation can support or restrain the tumor. Adding to the complexity, research from the past two decades has revealed that innate immune cells are highly heterogeneous and plastic, with variable phenotypes depending on tumor type, stage, and treatment. The field is now on the cusp of being able to harness this wealth of data to (a) classify tumors on the basis of their immune makeup, with implications for prognosis, treatment choice, and clinical outcome, and (b) design therapeutic strategies that activate antitumor immune responses by targeting innate immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Maiorino
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA;
| | | | - Lijuan Sun
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA; , ,
| | - Mikala Egeblad
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA; , ,
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Yi M, Zheng X, Niu M, Zhu S, Ge H, Wu K. Combination strategies with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: current advances and future directions. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:28. [PMID: 35062949 PMCID: PMC8780712 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01489-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 486] [Impact Index Per Article: 243.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or its ligand PD-L1 rescue T cells from exhausted status and revive immune response against cancer cells. Based on the immense success in clinical trials, ten α-PD-1 (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, cemiplimab, sintilimab, camrelizumab, toripalimab, tislelizumab, zimberelimab, prolgolimab, and dostarlimab) and three α-PD-L1 antibodies (atezolizumab, durvalumab, and avelumab) have been approved for various types of cancers. Nevertheless, the low response rate of α-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy remains to be resolved. For most cancer patients, PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is not the sole speed-limiting factor of antitumor immunity, and it is insufficient to motivate effective antitumor immune response by blocking PD-1/PD-L1 axis. It has been validated that some combination therapies, including α-PD-1/PD-L1 plus chemotherapy, radiotherapy, angiogenesis inhibitors, targeted therapy, other immune checkpoint inhibitors, agonists of the co-stimulatory molecule, stimulator of interferon genes agonists, fecal microbiota transplantation, epigenetic modulators, or metabolic modulators, have superior antitumor efficacies and higher response rates. Moreover, bifunctional or bispecific antibodies containing α-PD-1/PD-L1 moiety also elicited more potent antitumor activity. These combination strategies simultaneously boost multiple processes in cancer-immunity cycle, remove immunosuppressive brakes, and orchestrate an immunosupportive tumor microenvironment. In this review, we summarized the synergistic antitumor efficacies and mechanisms of α-PD-1/PD-L1 in combination with other therapies. Moreover, we focused on the advances of α-PD-1/PD-L1-based immunomodulatory strategies in clinical studies. Given the heterogeneity across patients and cancer types, individualized combination selection could improve the effects of α-PD-1/PD-L1-based immunomodulatory strategies and relieve treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Xiaoli Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Shuangli Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Hong Ge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 China
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131
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Zhang BD, Wu JJ, Li WH, Hu HG, Zhao L, He PY, Zhao YF, Li YM. STING and TLR7/8 agonists-based nanovaccines for synergistic antitumor immune activation. NANO RESEARCH 2022; 15:6328-6339. [PMID: 35464625 PMCID: PMC9014842 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4282-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Immunostimulatory therapies based on pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) have emerged as an effective approach in the fight against cancer, with the ability to recruit tumor-specific lymphocytes in a low-immunogenicity tumor environment. The agonist cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) of the stimulator of interferon gene (STING) are a group of very promising anticancer molecules that increase tumor immunogenicity by activating innate immunity. However, the tumor immune efficacy of CDNs is limited by several factors, including relatively narrow cytokine production, inefficient delivery to STING, and rapid clearance. In addition, a single adjuvant molecule is unable to elicit a broad cytokine response and thus cannot further amplify the anticancer effect. To address this problem, two or more agonist molecules are often used together to synergistically enhance immune efficacy. In this work, we found that a combination of the STING agonist CDGSF and the Toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8) agonist 522 produced a broader cytokine response. Subsequently, we developed multicomponent nanovaccines (MCNVs) consisting of a PC7A polymer as a nanocarrier encapsulating the antigen OVA and adjuvant molecules. These MCNVs activate bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) to produce multiple proinflammatory factors that promote antigen cross-presentation to stimulate specific antitumor T-cell responses. In in vivo experiments, we observed that MCNVs triggered a strong T-cell response in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, resulting in significant tumor regression and, notably, a 100% survival rate in mice through 25 days without other partnering therapies. These data suggest that our nanovaccines have great potential to advance cancer immunotherapy with increased durability and potency. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary material (synthesis of CDGSF, 522, PC7A and OVA; preparation of MCNVs; representative gating strategies for flow cytometry) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-022-4282-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Dou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Jun-Jun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Wen-Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Hong-Guo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Lang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Pei-Yang He
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Yu-Fen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315201 China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069 China
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132
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Bui TM, Sumagin R. Neutrophils and micronuclei: An emerging link between genomic instability and cancer-driven inflammation. Mutat Res 2022; 824:111778. [PMID: 35334355 PMCID: PMC9756381 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2022.111778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two recent studies by Bui and Butin-Israeli et al. have established the novel contribution of neutrophils to genomic instability induction and aberrant shaping of the DNA repair landscape, particularly observed in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and/or progressive colorectal cancer (CRC). In addition, these back-to-back studies uncovered a sharp increase in the numbers of micronuclei and lagging chromosomes in pre-cancerous and cancerous epithelium in response to prolonged PMN exposure. Given the emerging link between neutrophils and micronuclei as well as the established role of micronuclei in cGAS/STING activation, this special commentary aims to elaborate on the mechanisms by which CRC cells may adapt to neutrophil-driven genomic instability while concurrently sustain an inflamed tumor niche. We postulate that such tumor microenvironment with constant immune cell presence, inflammatory milieu, and cumulative DNA damage can drive tumor adaptation and resistance to therapeutic interventions. Finally, we discuss potential novel therapeutic approaches that can be leveraged to target this emerging neutrophil-micronuclei pathological axis, thereby preventing perpetual CRC inflammation and unwanted tumor adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triet M Bui
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 300 East Superior St., Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ronen Sumagin
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 300 East Superior St., Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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133
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Li K, Zhang Z, Mei Y, Li M, Yang Q, WU Q, Yang H, HE LIANGCAN, Liu S. Targeting innate immune system by nanoparticles for cancer immunotherapy. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:1709-1733. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02818a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Various cancer therapies have advanced remarkably over the past decade. Unlike the direct therapeutic targeting of tumor cells, cancer immunotherapy is a new strategy that boosts the host's immune system...
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134
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Wu JT, He BW, Cao JL, Yan JB, Chen ZY. Involvement of STING signaling pathway in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2021; 29:1396-1401. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v29.i24.1396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the major chronic liver diseases worldwide, which seriously threatens human health and has become a major public health problem. Immune mechanism plays a key role in the occurrence and development of NAFLD. Interferon gene stimulating factor (STING) is a key connector protein of the immune system, and its related signaling pathway has become a recent hot research topic. This signaling pathway may be involved in the occurrence and development of NAFLD by mediating liver inflammation, lipid metabolism, apoptosis, and other processes that affect liver metabolic homeostasis. Combining relevant reports and the latest literature, this paper reviews NAFLD and immunity, the composition of STING signaling pathway, and the relationship between the STING signaling pathway and NAFLD, in order to provide ideas for further in-depth study of the complex relationship between the STING signaling pathway and NAFLD and the development of relevant targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ting Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Command, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bo-Wu He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Command, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jie-Lu Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Command, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun-Bin Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Command, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhi-Yun Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Command, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
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135
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Jung HR, Jo S, Jeon MJ, Lee H, Chu Y, Lee J, Kim E, Song GY, Jung C, Kim H, Lee S. Development of Small-Molecule STING Activators for Cancer Immunotherapy. Biomedicines 2021; 10:biomedicines10010033. [PMID: 35052713 PMCID: PMC8773171 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In cancer immunotherapy, the cyclic GMP–AMP synthase–stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is an attractive target for switching the tumor immunophenotype from ‘cold’ to ‘hot’ through the activation of the type I interferon response. To develop a new chemical entity for STING activator to improve cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP)-induced innate immune response, we identified KAS-08 via the structural modification of DW2282, which was previously reported as an anti-cancer agent with an unknown mechanism. Further investigation revealed that direct STING binding or the enhanced phosphorylation of STING and downstream effectors were responsible for DW2282-or KAS-08-mediated STING activity. Furthermore, KAS-08 was validated as an effective STING pathway activator in vitro and in vivo. The synergistic effect of cGAMP-mediated immunity and efficient anti-cancer effects successfully demonstrated the therapeutic potential of KAS-08 for combination therapy in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Ra Jung
- Creative Research Center for Brain Science, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea; (H.R.J.); (H.L.); (Y.C.); (J.L.)
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Seongman Jo
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (S.J.); (M.J.J.)
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea;
| | - Min Jae Jeon
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (S.J.); (M.J.J.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Hyelim Lee
- Creative Research Center for Brain Science, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea; (H.R.J.); (H.L.); (Y.C.); (J.L.)
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Yeonjeong Chu
- Creative Research Center for Brain Science, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea; (H.R.J.); (H.L.); (Y.C.); (J.L.)
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea;
| | - Jeehee Lee
- Creative Research Center for Brain Science, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea; (H.R.J.); (H.L.); (Y.C.); (J.L.)
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-Convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Eunha Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea;
| | - Gyu Yong Song
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea;
| | - Cheulhee Jung
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (S.J.); (M.J.J.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Sanghee Lee
- Creative Research Center for Brain Science, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea; (H.R.J.); (H.L.); (Y.C.); (J.L.)
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-Convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (S.L.)
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136
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Zong C, Zhu T, He J, Huang R, Jia R, Shen J. PARP mediated DNA damage response, genomic stability and immune responses. Int J Cancer 2021; 150:1745-1759. [PMID: 34952967 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes, especially PARP1, play important roles in the DNA damage response and in the maintenance of genome stability, which makes PARPis a classic synthetic lethal therapy for BRCA-deficient tumors. Conventional mechanisms suggest that PARPis exert their effects via catalytic inhibition and PARP-DNA trapping. Recently, PARP1 has been found to play a role in the immune modulation of tumors. The blockade of PARP1 is able to induce innate immunity through a series of molecular mechanisms, thus allowing the prediction of the feasibility of PARPis combined with immune agents in the treatment of tumors. PARPis combined with immunomodulators may have a stronger tumor suppressive effect on inhibiting tumor growth and blocking immune escape. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyu Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Renbing Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
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137
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Gou S, Liu W, Wang S, Chen G, Chen Z, Qiu L, Zhou X, Wu Y, Qi Y, Gao Y. Engineered Nanovaccine Targeting Clec9a + Dendritic Cells Remarkably Enhances the Cancer Immunotherapy Effects of STING Agonist. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:9939-9950. [PMID: 34779631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Agonists of the stimulator of interferon gene (STING) are considered as promising therapeutics for cancer immunotherapy. However, drug-delivery barriers and adverse effects limit the clinical application of STING agonists. Therefore, it is an urgent need to develop an ideal delivery system to deliver STING agonists and avoid side effects. Here, we discovered that STING agonists significantly stimulated type I interferon (IFN) secretion in Clec9a+ dendritic cells (DCs). Then, we designed an engineered peptide-expressed biomimetic cancer cell membrane (EPBM)-coated nanovaccine drug-delivery system (PLGA/STING@EPBM) to deliver STING agonists and tumor antigens to Clec9a+ DCs. The PLGA/STING@EPBM nanovaccine significantly enhanced IFN-stimulated expression of genes and antigen cross-presentation of Clec9a+ DCs, thus eliciting strong antitumor effects in both anti-PD-1-responsive and -resistant tumor models without obvious cytotoxicity. Moreover, the PLGA/STING@EPBM nanovaccine combined with radiotherapy exhibited remarkable synergistic antitumor effects. Our work highlights the great potential of a EPBM-coated nanovaccine for systemic STING agonist delivery as an attractive tool for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Gou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Guanyu Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhenzhen Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lu Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiuman Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yahong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuanming Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
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138
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Hu Y, Manasrah BK, McGregor SM, Lera RF, Norman RX, Tucker JB, Scribano CM, Yan RE, Humayun M, Wisinski KB, Tevaarwerk AJ, O'Regan RM, Wilke LG, Weaver BA, Beebe DJ, Jin N, Burkard ME. Paclitaxel Induces Micronucleation and Activates Pro-Inflammatory cGAS-STING Signaling in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:2553-2567. [PMID: 34583980 PMCID: PMC8643310 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Taxanes remain one of the most effective medical treatments for breast cancer. Clinical trials have coupled taxanes with immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with promising results. However, the mechanism linking taxanes to immune activation is unclear. To determine if paclitaxel could elicit an antitumoral immune response, we sampled tumor tissues from patients with TNBC receiving weekly paclitaxel (80 mg/m2) and found increased stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and micronucleation over baseline in three of six samples. At clinically relevant concentrations, paclitaxel can induce chromosome missegregation on multipolar spindles during mitosis. Consequently, post-mitotic cells are multinucleated and contain micronuclei, which often activate cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and may induce a type I IFN response reliant on the stimulator of IFN genes (STING) pathway. Other microtubule-targeting agents, eribulin and vinorelbine, recapitulate this cGAS/STING response and increased the expression of immune checkpoint molecule, PD-L1, in TNBC cell lines. To test the possibility that microtubule-targeting agents sensitize tumors that express cGAS to immune checkpoint inhibitors, we identified 10 patients with TNBC treated with PD-L1 or PD-1, seven of whom also received microtubule-targeting agents. Elevated baseline cGAS expression significantly correlated with treatment response in patients receiving microtubule-targeting agents in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Our study identifies a mechanism by which microtubule-targeting agents can potentiate an immune response in TNBC. Further, baseline cGAS expression may predict patient treatment response to therapies combining microtubule-targeting agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Baraa K Manasrah
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Stephanie M McGregor
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Robert F Lera
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Roshan X Norman
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - John B Tucker
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Christina M Scribano
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Rachel E Yan
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Mouhita Humayun
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kari B Wisinski
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Amye J Tevaarwerk
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ruth M O'Regan
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Lee G Wilke
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Beth A Weaver
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - David J Beebe
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ning Jin
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Mark E Burkard
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
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139
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Taefehshokr S, Parhizkar A, Hayati S, Mousapour M, Mahmoudpour A, Eleid L, Rahmanpour D, Fattahi S, Shabani H, Taefehshokr N. Cancer immunotherapy: Challenges and limitations. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 229:153723. [PMID: 34952426 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although cancer immunotherapy has taken center stage in mainstream oncology inducing complete and long-lasting tumor regression, only a subset of patients receiving treatment respond and others relapse after an initial response. Different tumor types respond differently, and even in cancer types that respond (hot tumors), we still observe tumors that are unresponsive (cold tumors), suggesting the presence of resistance. Hence, the development of intrinsic or acquired resistance is a big challenge for the cancer immunotherapy field. Resistance to immunotherapy, including checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T cell therapy, oncolytic viruses, and recombinant cytokines arises due to cancer cells employing several mechanisms to evade immunosurveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Taefehshokr
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Aram Parhizkar
- Faculty of Natural Science, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shima Hayati
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Morteza Mousapour
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Mahmoudpour
- Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Liliane Eleid
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dara Rahmanpour
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sahand Fattahi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Shabani
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nima Taefehshokr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Human Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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140
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Considerations for the delivery of STING ligands in cancer immunotherapy. J Control Release 2021; 339:235-247. [PMID: 34592386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have shown the importance of the cGAS-STING pathway in antigen-presenting cells for anti-cancer immunity. Cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) - STING ligand is a negatively charged dinucleotide prone to degradation by hydrolases. Once administered in its soluble form, high doses are needed which in turn may cause side effects such as T cell apoptosis. Moreover, due to its negative charge, transfection of cGAMP into negatively-charged membrane cells is hampered. In order to achieve successful transfection and protection from enzymatic degradation there is a need for a suitable carrier for cGAMP. In this review, we therefore describe currently reported carriers for cGAMP, and correlate their characteristics to the effect they cause. To achieve targeted delivery to the tumor microenvironment, the route of administration and physicochemical parameters of the particles (containing a carrier and cGAMP) such as size and charge need to be determined. Therefore, the choice of the particle formulation and its impact on the preclinical outcome will be discussed.
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141
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Khanmohammadi S, Rezaei N, Khazaei M, Shirkani A. A Case of Autosomal Recessive Interferon Alpha/Beta Receptor Alpha Chain (IFNAR1) Deficiency with Severe COVID-19. J Clin Immunol 2021; 42:19-24. [PMID: 34713375 PMCID: PMC8553400 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-01166-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Interferons (IFNs) play a crucial role in antiviral immunity. Genetic defects in interferon receptors, IFNs, and auto-antibodies against IFNs can lead to the development of life-threatening forms of infectious diseases like a severe form of COVID-19. Case Presentation A 13-year-old boy with a previously reported homozygous loss-of-function mutation in interferon alpha/beta receptor subunit 1 (IFNAR1) (c.674-2A > G) was diagnosed with severe COVID-19. He had cold symptoms and a high-grade fever at the time of admission. He was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit after showing no response to favipiravir and being hypoxemic. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scanning revealed lung involvement of 70% with extensive areas of consolidation in both lungs. Antibiotics, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), remdesivir, methylprednisolone pulse, and other medications were started in the patient. However, remdesivir and methylprednisolone pulse were discontinued because of their adverse side effects in the patient. His general condition improved, and a few days later was discharged from the hospital. Conclusion We reported a patient with severe COVID-19 who had a mutation in IFNAR1. Our finding suggests that patients with IFNAR1 deficiency are prone to severe forms of COVID-19. Besides, IFN-γ therapy may be a potential drug to treat patients with defects in IFN-α/β signaling pathways which needs further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaghayegh Khanmohammadi
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khazaei
- Radiology Department, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Science, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Afshin Shirkani
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Science, Moallem St., Bushehr, Iran.
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Xiong Y, Tang YD, Zheng C. The crosstalk between the caspase family and the cGAS‒STING signaling pathway. J Mol Cell Biol 2021; 13:739-747. [PMID: 34718659 PMCID: PMC8718194 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjab071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Edited by Jiarui Wu Cytosolic nucleic acid sensors are critical for sensing nucleic acids and initiating innate immunity during microbial infections and/or cell death. Over the last decade, several key studies have characterized the conserved mechanism of cyclic guanosine monophosphate‒adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS) and the downstream signaling adaptor stimulator of interferon genes (STING) initiating the innate immune signaling pathways. Aside from its primary involvement in microbial infections and inflammatory diseases, there is growing interest in the alternate roles of cGAS‒STING-mediated signaling. Caspase family members are powerful functional proteins that respond to cellular stress, including cell death signals, inflammation, and innate immunity. Recent studies have uncovered how the caspase family cooperates with the cGAS‒STING signaling pathway. Most caspase family members negatively regulate the cGAS‒STING signaling pathway. In turn, some caspase family members can also be modulated by cGAS‒STING. This review gives a detailed account of the interplay between the caspase family and the cGAS‒STING signaling pathway, which will shed light on developing novel therapeutics targeting the caspase family and cGAS‒STING signaling in antiviral innate immunity, cancer, inflammatory, and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongai Xiong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yan-Dong Tang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Chunfu Zheng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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143
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Cao W, Jin M, Yang K, Chen B, Xiong M, Li X, Cao G. Fenton/Fenton-like metal-based nanomaterials combine with oxidase for synergistic tumor therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:325. [PMID: 34656118 PMCID: PMC8520258 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01074-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) catalyzed by transition metal and starvation therapy catalyzed by intracellular metabolite oxidases are both classic tumor treatments based on nanocatalysts. CDT monotherapy has limitations including low catalytic efficiency of metal ions and insufficient endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Also, single starvation therapy shows limited ability on resisting tumors. The “metal-oxidase” cascade catalytic system is to introduce intracellular metabolite oxidases into the metal-based nanoplatform, which perfectly solves the shortcomings of the above-mentioned monotherapiesIn this system, oxidases can not only consume tumor nutrients to produce a “starvation effect”, but also provide CDT with sufficient H2O2 and a suitable acidic environment, which further promote synergy between CDT and starvation therapy, leading to enhanced antitumor effects. More importantly, the “metal-oxidase” system can be combined with other antitumor therapies (such as photothermal therapy, hypoxia-activated drug therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy) to maximize their antitumor effects. In addition, both metal-based nanoparticles and oxidases can activate tumor immunity through multiple pathways, so the combination of the “metal-oxidase” system with immunotherapy has a powerful synergistic effect. This article firstly introduced the metals which induce CDT and the oxidases which induce starvation therapy and then described the “metal-oxidase” cascade catalytic system in detail. Moreover, we highlight the application of the “metal-oxidase” system in combination with numerous antitumor therapies, especially in combination with immunotherapy, expecting to provide new ideas for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyao Jin
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Maoming Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guodong Cao
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China.
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144
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Xie H, Wang W, Qi W, Jin W, Xia B. Targeting DNA Repair Response Promotes Immunotherapy in Ovarian Cancer: Rationale and Clinical Application. Front Immunol 2021; 12:661115. [PMID: 34712221 PMCID: PMC8546337 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.661115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have emerged as a powerful oncologic treatment modality for patients with different solid tumors. Unfortunately, the efficacy of ICI monotherapy in ovarian cancer is limited, and combination therapy provides a new opportunity for immunotherapy in ovarian cancer. DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways play central roles in the maintenance of genomic integrity and promote the progression of cancer. A deficiency in DDR genes can cause different degrees of DNA damage that enhance local antigen release, resulting in systemic antitumor immune responses. Thus, the combination of DDR inhibitors with ICI represents an attractive therapeutic strategy with the potential to improve the clinical outcomes of patients with ovarian cancer. In this review, we provide an overview of the interconnectivity between DDR pathway deficiency and immune response, summarize available clinical trials on the combination therapy in ovarian cancer, and discuss the potential predictive biomarkers that can be utilized to guide the use of combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Xie
- Clinical Research Center, Women’s Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wencai Qi
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Weilin Jin
- Institute of Cancer Neuroscience, Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bairong Xia
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology, Hefei, China
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145
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Zhu S, Zhang T, Zheng L, Liu H, Song W, Liu D, Li Z, Pan CX. Combination strategies to maximize the benefits of cancer immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:156. [PMID: 34579759 PMCID: PMC8475356 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01164-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and adoptive cell therapy (ACT) have revolutionized cancer treatment, especially in patients whose disease was otherwise considered incurable. However, primary and secondary resistance to single agent immunotherapy often results in treatment failure, and only a minority of patients experience long-term benefits. This review article will discuss the relationship between cancer immune response and mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapy. It will also provide a comprehensive review on the latest clinical status of combination therapies (e.g., immunotherapy with chemotherapy, radiation therapy and targeted therapy), and discuss combination therapies approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. It will provide an overview of therapies targeting cytokines and other soluble immunoregulatory factors, ACT, virotherapy, innate immune modifiers and cancer vaccines, as well as combination therapies that exploit alternative immune targets and other therapeutic modalities. Finally, this review will include the stimulating insights from the 2020 China Immuno-Oncology Workshop co-organized by the Chinese American Hematologist and Oncologist Network (CAHON), the China National Medical Product Administration (NMPA) and Tsinghua University School of Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoming Zhu
- Chinese American Hematologist and Oncologist Network, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Chinese American Hematologist and Oncologist Network, New York, NY, USA.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, DUMC 103861, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Lei Zheng
- Chinese American Hematologist and Oncologist Network, New York, NY, USA.,The Sydney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Chinese American Hematologist and Oncologist Network, New York, NY, USA.,University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wenru Song
- Chinese American Hematologist and Oncologist Network, New York, NY, USA.,Kira Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Delong Liu
- Chinese American Hematologist and Oncologist Network, New York, NY, USA.,New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Zihai Li
- Chinese American Hematologist and Oncologist Network, New York, NY, USA. .,Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Chong-Xian Pan
- Chinese American Hematologist and Oncologist Network, New York, NY, USA. .,Harvard Medical School, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA.
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146
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Yi M, Niu M, Zhang J, Li S, Zhu S, Yan Y, Li N, Zhou P, Chu Q, Wu K. Combine and conquer: manganese synergizing anti-TGF-β/PD-L1 bispecific antibody YM101 to overcome immunotherapy resistance in non-inflamed cancers. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:146. [PMID: 34526097 PMCID: PMC8442312 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01155-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous work showed that the anti-TGF-β/PD-L1 bispecific antibody YM101 effectively overcame anti-PD-L1 resistance in immune-excluded tumor models. However, in immune-desert models, the efficacy of YM101 was limited. Bivalent manganese (Mn2+) is identified as a natural stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist, which might enhance cancer antigen presentation and improve the therapeutic effect of YM101. METHODS The effect of Mn2+ on STING pathway was validated by western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Dendritic cell (DC) maturation was measured by flow cytometry. The synergistic effect between Mn2+ and YM101 in vitro was determined by one-way mixed lymphocyte reaction, CFSE dilution assay, and cytokine detection. The in vivo antitumor effect of Mn2+ plus YM101 therapy was assessed in CT26, EMT-6, H22, and B16 tumor models. Flow cytometry, RNA-seq, and immunofluorescent staining were adopted to investigate the alterations in the tumor microenvironment. RESULTS Mn2+ could activate STING pathway and promote the maturation of human and murine DC. The results of one-way mixed lymphocyte reaction showed that Mn2+ synergized YM101 in T cell activation. Moreover, in multiple syngeneic murine tumor models, Mn2+ plus YM101 therapy exhibited a durable antitumor effect and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Relative to YM101 monotherapy and Mn2+ plus anti-PD-L1 therapy, Mn2+ plus YM101 treatment had a more powerful antitumor effect and a broader antitumor spectrum. Mechanistically, Mn2+ plus YM101 strategy simultaneously regulated multiple components in the antitumor immunity and drove the shift from immune-excluded or immune-desert to immune-inflamed tumors. The investigation in the TME indicated Mn2+ plus YM101 strategy activated innate and adaptive immunity, enhanced cancer antigen presentation, and upregulated the density and function of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. This normalized TME and reinvigorated antitumor immunity contributed to the superior antitumor effect of the combination therapy. CONCLUSION Combining Mn2+ with YM101 has a synergistic antitumor effect, effectively controlling tumor growth and prolonging the survival of tumor-bearing mice. This novel cocktail strategy has the potential to be a universal regimen for inflamed and non-inflamed tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Li
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangli Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongxiang Yan
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 People’s Republic of China
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147
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Abstract
The anti-tumor activity of interferons (IFNs) was first appreciated about half a century ago, and IFN-α2 was the first cancer immunotherapy approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Radiation therapy (RT), one of the pillars of cancer treatment, directly causes DNA damage, which can lead to senescence and cell death in tumor cells. In recent years, however, RT-induced immunomodulatory effects have been recognized to play an indispensable role in achieving the optimum therapeutic effect of RT. Increasing evidence indicates that RT enhances adaptive anti-tumor immunity by augmenting the innate immune sensing of tumors in a type I IFN-dependent matter. This review briefly introduces the role of type I interferon in cancer and the available evidence on the overall effects of RT on tumor immunity mediated via type I IFN. Recent advances in deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying the induction of type I IFNs triggered by RT, their clinical implications, and therapeutic opportunities will be highlighted.
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148
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Hannes S, Karlowitz R, van Wijk SJL. The Smac mimetic BV6 cooperates with STING to induce necroptosis in apoptosis-resistant pancreatic carcinoma cells. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:816. [PMID: 34462421 PMCID: PMC8405653 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) still remains a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide and alternative treatments are urgently required. A common problem of PC is the development of resistance against apoptosis that limits therapeutic success. Here we demonstrate that the prototypical Smac mimetic BV6 cooperates with the stimulator of interferon (IFN) genes (STING) ligand 2',3'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (2'3'-cGAMP) to trigger necroptosis in apoptosis-deficient PC cells. Pharmacological inhibition of key components of necroptosis signaling, such as receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIPK1), RIPK3, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), significantly rescues PC cells from 2'3'-cGAMP/BV6/zVAD.fmk-mediated cell death, suggesting the induction of necroptosis. Consistently, 2'3'-cGAMP/BV6 co-treatment promotes phosphorylation of MLKL. Furthermore, we show that 2'3'-cGAMP stimulates the production of type I IFNs, which cooperate with BV6 to trigger necroptosis in apoptosis-deficient settings. STING silencing via siRNA or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout protects PC cells from 2'3'-cGAMP/BV6/zVAD.fmk-mediated cell death. Interestingly, we demonstrate that nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), and IFN-regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) signaling are involved in triggering 2'3'-cGAMP/BV6/zVAD.fmk-induced necroptosis. In conclusion, we show that activated STING and BV6 act together to exert antitumor effects on PC cells with important implications for the design of new PC treatment concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Hannes
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University, Komturstrasse 3a, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany
- General and Visceral Surgery, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rebekka Karlowitz
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University, Komturstrasse 3a, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sjoerd J L van Wijk
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University, Komturstrasse 3a, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany.
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149
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Gobbi S, Belluti F, Rampa A, Bisi A. Flavonoid-Inspired Vascular Disrupting Agents: Exploring Flavone-8-Acetic Acid and Derivatives in the New Century. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144228. [PMID: 34299503 PMCID: PMC8305436 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring flavonoids are found as secondary metabolites in a wide number of plants exploited for both medicine and food and have long been known to be endowed with multiple biological activities, making them useful tools for the treatment of different pathologies. Due to the versatility of the scaffolds and the vast possibilities of appropriate decoration, they have also been regarded as fruitful sources of lead compounds and excellent chemical platforms for the development of bioactive synthetic compounds. Flavone-8-acetic acid (FAA) and 5,6-dimethylxanthone acetic acid (DMXAA) emerged for their antitumour potential due to the induction of cytokines and consequent rapid haemorrhagic necrosis of murine tumour vasculature, and different series of derivatives have been designed thereafter. Although the promising DMXAA failed in phase III clinical trials because of strict species-specificity, a boost in research came from the recent identification of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING), responsible for supporting tumoural innate immune responses, as a possible biological target. Consequently, in the last decade a renewal of interest for these flavonoid-based structures was noticed, and novel derivatives have been synthesised and evaluated for a deeper understanding of the molecular features needed for affecting human cells. Undoubtedly, these natural-derived molecules deserve further investigation and still appear attractive in an anticancer perspective.
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150
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Chen M, Brackett CM, Burdelya LG, Punnanitinont A, Patnaik SK, Matsuzaki J, Odunsi AO, Gudkov AV, Singh AK, Repasky EA, Gurova KV. Stimulation of an anti-tumor immune response with "chromatin-damaging" therapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:2073-2086. [PMID: 33439292 PMCID: PMC8726059 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02846-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Curaxins are small molecules that bind genomic DNA and interfere with DNA-histone interactions leading to the loss of histones and decondensation of chromatin. We named this phenomenon 'chromatin damage'. Curaxins demonstrated anti-cancer activity in multiple pre-clinical tumor models. Here, we present data which reveals, for the first time, a role for the immune system in the anti-cancer effects of curaxins. Using the lead curaxin, CBL0137, we observed elevated expression of several group of genes in CBL0137-treated tumor cells including interferon sensitive genes, MHC molecules, some embryo-specific antigens suggesting that CBL0137 increases tumor cell immunogenicity and improves recognition of tumor cells by the immune system. In support of this, we found that the anti-tumor activity of CBL0137 was reduced in immune deficient SCID mice when compared to immune competent mice. Anti-tumor activity of CBL0137 was abrogated in CD8+ T cell depleted mice but only partially lost when natural killer or CD4+ T cells were depleted. Further support for a key role for the immune system in the anti-tumor activity of CBL0137 is evidenced by an increased antigen-specific effector CD8+ T cell and NK cell response, and an increased ratio of effector T cells to Tregs in the tumor and spleen. CBL0137 also elevated the number of CXCR3-expressing CTLs in the tumor and the level of interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) in serum, suggesting IP-10/CXCR3 controls CBL0137-elicited recruitment of effector CTLs to tumors. Our collective data underscores a previously unrecognized role for both innate and adaptive immunity in the anti-tumor activity of curaxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhui Chen
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Sts, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Craig M Brackett
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Sts, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Lyudmila G Burdelya
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Sts, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Achamaporn Punnanitinont
- Cancer for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Sts, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Santosh K Patnaik
- Cancer for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Sts, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Junko Matsuzaki
- Cancer for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Sts, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Adekunle O Odunsi
- Cancer for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Sts, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Andrei V Gudkov
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Sts, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Anurag K Singh
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Sts, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Repasky
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Sts, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
| | - Katerina V Gurova
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Sts, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
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