101
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Gao F, Zhang JM, Wang ZG, Peng W, Hu HL, Fu CM. Biotransformation, a promising technology for anti-cancer drug development. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 14:5599-608. [PMID: 24289549 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.10.5599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
With the high morbidity and mortality caused by cancer, finding new and more effective anti-cancer drugs is very urgent. In current research, biotransformation plays a vital role in the research and development of cancer drugs and has obtained some achievements. In this review, we have summarized four applications as follows: to exploit novel anti-cancer drugs, to improve existing anti-cancer drugs, to broaden limited anti-cancer drug resources and to investigate correlative mechanisms. Three different groups of important anti-cancer compounds were assessed to clarify the current practical applications of biotransformation in the development of anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Gao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan China E-mail : ,
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102
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Sardarian AR, Inaloo ID. 4-Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) promoted solvent-free diversity-oriented synthesis of primary carbamates, S-thiocarbamates and ureas. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14528g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and efficient solvent-free preparation of primary carbamates, S-thiocarbamates and ureas from alcohols, phenols, thiols and amines in the presence of 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, as a cheap and green Brønsted acid, has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Reza Sardarian
- Chemistry Department
- College of Sciences
- Shiraz University
- Shiraz 71454
- Iran
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103
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Li Z, Li H, Liu L, You X, Zhang C, Wang Y. A pH-sensitive nanocarrier for co-delivery of doxorubicin and camptothecin to enhance chemotherapeutic efficacy and overcome multidrug resistance in vitro. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15728e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A pH-sensitive drug delivery system of HSNPs sealed with ZnO QDs nanocarrier, where the HSNPs have the large hollow interiors for delivering hydrophobic camptothecin and the mesoporous structure for delivering hydrophilic doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials
- School of Sciences
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 211198
- China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials
- School of Sciences
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 211198
- China
| | - Lixiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials
- School of Sciences
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 211198
- China
| | - Xinyi You
- Research Department of Pharmacognosy
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 211198
- China
| | - Chaofeng Zhang
- Research Department of Pharmacognosy
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 211198
- China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials
- School of Sciences
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 211198
- China
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104
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Zhang Q, He J, Zhang M, Ni P. A polyphosphoester-conjugated camptothecin prodrug with disulfide linkage for potent reduction-triggered drug delivery. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:4922-4932. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00623f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A reduction-cleavable polyphosphoester-camptothecin (CPT) prodrug tailored for enhancing drug loading content and triggering drug release has been prepared and applied in tumor chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Soochow University
| | - Jinlin He
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Soochow University
| | - Mingzu Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Soochow University
| | - Peihong Ni
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Soochow University
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105
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Kim SH, Kaplan JA, Sun Y, Shieh A, Sun HL, Croce CM, Grinstaff MW, Parquette JR. The self-assembly of anticancer camptothecin-dipeptide nanotubes: a minimalistic and high drug loading approach to increased efficacy. Chemistry 2014; 21:101-5. [PMID: 25384556 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
20-(S)-Camptothecin (CPT)-conjugated dipeptides are reported that preassemble into nanotubes with diameters ranging from 80-120 nm. These nanoassemblies maintain a high (∼47 %) drug loading and exhibit greater drug stability (i.e., resistance to lactone hydrolysis), and consequently greater efficacy against several human cancer cells (HT-29, A549, H460, and H23) in vitro compared with the clinically used prodrug irinotecan. A key and defining feature of this system is the use of the CPT-conjugated dipeptide as both the drug and precursor to the nanostructured carrier, which simplifies the overall fabrication process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hye Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Ave. Columbus, OH 43210 (USA), Fax: (+1) 614-292-1685
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106
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Kumar C, Vats K, Lohar SP, Korde A, Samuel G. Camptothecin Enhances Cell Death Induced by (177)Lu-EDTMP in Osteosarcoma Cells. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2014; 29:317-22. [PMID: 25226352 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2014.1663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lutetium-177 is an assured therapeutic radionuclide with favorable half-life and suitable β(-) energy. Radiolabeled (177)Lu-EDTMP (Ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid) is by and large used for bone pain palliation in cancer patients. In vitro cell studies are carried out in osteosarcoma cells MG-63 to evaluate the combined effect of anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT) and (177)Lu-EDTMP. Two concentrations of (177)Lu-EDTMP (3.7 and 37 MBq) were incubated with MG63 cell line for 48 hours with and without pretreatment of CPT (10 nM) for 1 hour. After completion of incubation, the cells were harvested and cellular toxicity was estimated by LDH, MTT, and trypan blue dye. Apoptotic DNA fragmentation was estimated by ELISA kit. The expression of proteins such as bcl2, PARP, and MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) that were related to apoptotic signaling pathways was assessed by western blotting. The results indicated that cellular toxicity and apoptosis were relatively higher in MG63 cells that were treated with CPT prior to treating with (177)Lu-EDTMP in comparison with the corresponding individual controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Kumar
- Isotope Applications & Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai, India
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107
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Bobeničová M, Valko M, Brezová V, Dvoranová D. UVA generated free radicals in irinotecan (CPT-11) in the presence of copper ions. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2014.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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108
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Castillo PM, de la Mata M, Casula MF, Sánchez-Alcázar JA, Zaderenko AP. PEGylated versus non-PEGylated magnetic nanoparticles as camptothecin delivery system. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:1312-9. [PMID: 25247114 PMCID: PMC4168894 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT; (S)-(+)-4-ethyl-4-hydroxy-1H-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,14-(4H,12H)-dione) is a highly cytotoxic natural alkaloid that has not yet found use as chemotherapeutic agent due to its poor water-solubility and chemical instability and, as a consequence, no effective administration means have been designed. In this work, camptothecin has been successfully loaded into iron oxide superparamagnetic nanoparticles with an average size of 14 nm. It was found that surface modification of the nanoparticles by polyethylene glycol enables loading a large amount of camptothecin. While the unloaded nanoparticles do not induce apoptosis in the H460 lung cancer cell line, the camptothecin-loaded nanoparticle formulations exhibit remarkable pro-apoptotic activity. These results indicate that camptothecin retains its biological activity after loading onto the magnetic nanoparticles. The proposed materials represent novel materials based on naturally occurring bioactive molecules loaded onto nanoparticles to be used as chemotherapeutic formulations. The procedure seems apt to be extended to other active molecules extracted from natural products. In addition, these materials offer the potential of being further implemented for combined imaging and therapeutics, as magnetic nanoparticles are known to be multifunctional tools for biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M Castillo
- INSTM and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche. Università di Cagliari, Italy
- Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales. Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Mario de la Mata
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Maria F Casula
- INSTM and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche. Università di Cagliari, Italy
| | - José A Sánchez-Alcázar
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ana P Zaderenko
- Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales. Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
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109
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DNA binders in clinical trials and chemotherapy. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:4506-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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110
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Wang MJ, Liu YQ, Chang LC, Wang CY, Zhao YL, Zhao XB, Qian K, Nan X, Yang L, Yang XM, Hung HY, Yang JS, Kuo DH, Goto M, Morris-Natschke SL, Pan SL, Teng CM, Kuo SC, Wu TS, Wu YC, Lee KH. Design, synthesis, mechanisms of action, and toxicity of novel 20(s)-sulfonylamidine derivatives of camptothecin as potent antitumor agents. J Med Chem 2014; 57:6008-18. [PMID: 25003995 PMCID: PMC4111373 DOI: 10.1021/jm5003588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Twelve novel 20-sulfonylamidine derivatives (9a-9l) of camptothecin (1) were synthesized via a Cu-catalyzed three-component reaction. They showed similar or superior cytotoxicity compared with that of irinotecan (3) against A-549, DU-145, KB, and multidrug-resistant (MDR) KBvin tumor cell lines. Compound 9a demonstrated better cytotoxicity against MDR cells compared with that of 1 and 3. Mechanistically, 9a induced significant DNA damage by selectively inhibiting Topoisomerase (Topo) I and activating the ATM/Chk related DNA damage-response pathway. In xenograft models, 9a demonstrated significant activity without overt adverse effects at 5 and 10 mg/kg, comparable to 3 at 100 mg/kg. Notably, 9a at 300 mg/kg (i.p.) showed no overt toxicity in contrast to 1 (LD50 56.2 mg/kg, i.p.) and 3 (LD50 177.5 mg/kg, i.p.). Intact 9a inhibited Topo I activity in a cell-free assay in a manner similar to that of 1, confirming that 9a is a new class of Topo I inhibitor. 20-Sulfonylamidine 1-derivative 9a merits development as an anticancer clinical trial candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Juan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, PR China
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111
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Dinh TT, Gao L, Liu X, Li D, Li S, Zhao Y, O'Leary M, Le B, Schmitz RJ, Manavella P, Li S, Weigel D, Pontes O, Ecker JR, Chen X. DNA topoisomerase 1α promotes transcriptional silencing of transposable elements through DNA methylation and histone lysine 9 dimethylation in Arabidopsis. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004446. [PMID: 24992598 PMCID: PMC4080997 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) and histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) are related transcriptional silencing mechanisms that target transposable elements (TEs) and repeats to maintain genome stability in plants. RdDM is mediated by small and long noncoding RNAs produced by the plant-specific RNA polymerases Pol IV and Pol V, respectively. Through a chemical genetics screen with a luciferase-based DNA methylation reporter, LUCL, we found that camptothecin, a compound with anti-cancer properties that targets DNA topoisomerase 1α (TOP1α) was able to de-repress LUCL by reducing its DNA methylation and H3K9me2 levels. Further studies with Arabidopsis top1α mutants showed that TOP1α silences endogenous RdDM loci by facilitating the production of Pol V-dependent long non-coding RNAs, AGONAUTE4 recruitment and H3K9me2 deposition at TEs and repeats. This study assigned a new role in epigenetic silencing to an enzyme that affects DNA topology. DNA topoisomerase is an enzyme that releases the torsional stress in DNA generated during DNA replication or transcription. Here, we uncovered an unexpected role of DNA topoisomerase 1α (TOP1α) in the maintenance of genome stability. Eukaryotic genomes are usually littered with transposable elements (TEs) and repeats, which pose threats to genome stability due to their tendency to move or recombine. Mechanisms are in place to silence these elements, such as RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) and histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) in plants. Two plant-specific RNA polymerases, Pol IV and Pol V, generate small and long noncoding RNAs, respectively, from TEs and repeats. These RNAs then recruit protein factors to deposit DNA methylation or H3K9me2 to silence the loci. In this study, we found that treatment of plants with camptothecin, a TOP1α inhibitor, or loss of function in TOP1α, led to the de-repression of RdDM target loci, which was accompanied by loss of H3K9me2 or DNA methylation. The role of TOP1α in RdDM could be attributed to its promotion of Pol V, but not Pol IV, transcription to generate long noncoding RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Theresa Dinh
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
- ChemGen IGERT program, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Xigang Liu
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Dongming Li
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shengben Li
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Michael O'Leary
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Brandon Le
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Schmitz
- Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Pablo Manavella
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Shaofang Li
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Detlef Weigel
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Olga Pontes
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Joseph R. Ecker
- Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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112
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Arifa RD, Madeira MF, de Paula TP, Lima RL, Tavares LD, Menezes-Garcia Z, Fagundes CT, Rachid MA, Ryffel B, Zamboni DS, Teixeira MM, Souza DG. Inflammasome Activation Is Reactive Oxygen Species Dependent and Mediates Irinotecan-Induced Mucositis through IL-1β and IL-18 in Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2014; 184:2023-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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113
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Li Q, Liu T, Li Y, Luo S, Zhu Q, Zhang L, Zhao T. Transport and killing mechanism of a novel camptothecin-deoxycholic acid derivate on hepatocellular carcinoma cells. J Drug Target 2014; 22:543-52. [PMID: 24725118 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2014.906603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Camptothecin-20(s)-O-glycine ester-[N-(3'α, 12'α-dihydroxy-24'-carbonyl-5'β-cholan)] (A2), 10-(3'α,12'α-dihydroxy-5'β-cholan-24'-carboxyl)-(20 s)-camptothecin (C2), and 10-O-(3-O-(3'α, 12'α-dihydroxy-24'-carbonyl-5'β-cholan)-propyl)-(20S)-camptothecin (D2) are novel camptothecin-deoxycholic acid analogues. MTT assays were performed to assess the anticancer activity of these compounds against hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721, breast carcinoma MCF-7, and colorectal carcinoma HCT-116 cells. A2 had a high killing ability on SMMC-7721 cells selectively, but C2 and D2 did not exhibit selectivity with regard to SMMC-7721 killing. Uptake assays were performed in an effort to elucidate the transport mechanisms of A2 into SMMC-7721 cells. A2 increased the mRNA expression of OATP1B3 (an organic anion-transporting polypeptide) and uptake of A2 was inhibited by rifampin (inhibitor of OATP1B3), which indicated that the transporter-mediated transport of A2 was mediated by OATP1B3. In addition, according to the western blot and apoptosis assays, we found that A2 killed SMMC-7721 cells by inducing cell apoptosis mainly via an AIF (apoptosis-inducing factor) pathway and a caspase-dependent mitochondria apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyong Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , China
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114
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Synthesis of controlled molecular weight poly (β-malic acid) and conjugation with HCPT as a polymeric drug carrier. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-014-0397-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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115
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Li X, Zhao T, Cheng D, Chu C, Tong S, Yan J, Li QY. Synthesis and biological activity of some bile acid-based camptothecin analogues. Molecules 2014; 19:3761-76. [PMID: 24662087 PMCID: PMC6271966 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19033761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In an effort to decrease the toxicity of camptothecin (CPT) and improve selectivity for hepatoma and colon cancer cells, bile acid groups were introduced into the CPT 20 or 10 positions, resulting in the preparation of sixteen novel CPT-bile acid analogues. The compounds in which a bile acid group was introduced at the 20-hydroxyl group of CPT showed better cytotoxic selectivity for human hepatoma and colon cancer cells than for human breast cancer cells. Fluorescence microscopy analysis demonstrated that one compound (E2) entered human hepatoma cells more effectively than it did human breast cancer cells. Compound G4 exhibited the best anti-tumour activity in vivo. These results suggested that introduction of a bile acid group at the 20-position of CPT could decrease toxicity in vivo and improve selectivity for hepatoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingnuo Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Tengfei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, 332# No. 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Dongping Cheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Chu Chu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Shengqiang Tong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Jizong Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Qing-Yong Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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116
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Liu YS, Chiu CC, Chen HY, Chen SH, Wang LF. Preparation of chondroitin sulfate-g-poly(ε-caprolactone) copolymers as a CD44-targeted vehicle for enhanced intracellular uptake. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:1164-75. [PMID: 24592868 DOI: 10.1021/mp400607h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate-g-poly(ε-caprolactone) (CP) copolymers were synthesized via atom transfer radical addition (ATRA). The CP copolymers self-assembled into micelles in water, and the micelles could be used to encapsulate a hydrophobic anticancer drug, camptothecin (CPT), in the core for tumor targeting delivery. The physicochemical properties of the micelles and CPT-loaded micelles were thoroughly characterized. For the in vitro test, the CPT release, the protection of the lactone ring of CPT from hydrolysis and the cellular uptake of CPT were studied. The cell-killing and apoptosis-inducing effects using the CPT-loaded micelles were significantly better than using free CPT against CRL-5802 cells. The micellar internalization into CRL-5802 cells was primarily via CD44 and clathrin dual-mediated endocytosis. For the in vivo test, the therapeutic efficacy of the CPT-loaded micelles was studied in a non-small-cell lung cancer xenograft animal model. The CPT-loaded micelles showed good inhibition in tumor growth as compared with a commercial product, CPT-11, in CRL-5802 tumor-bearing mice. The in vitro and in vivo data suggested the CP-based micelles are promising anticancer drug vehicles for lung cancer targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Medicinal & Applied Chemistry, ‡Department of Biotechnology, and §School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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117
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Dezhenkova LG, Tsvetkov VB, Shtil AA. Topoisomerase I and II inhibitors: chemical structure, mechanisms of action and role in cancer chemotherapy. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2014. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2014v083n01abeh004363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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118
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Sobczak M, Oledzka E, Kwietniewska M, Nałęcz-Jawecki G, Kołodziejski W. Promising Macromolecular Conjugates of Camptothecin - the Synthesis, Characterization andin vitroStudies. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2014.871958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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119
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Svenson S. What nanomedicine in the clinic right now really forms nanoparticles? WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 6:125-35. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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120
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Xu Z, Zheng W, Yin Z. Synthesis and Optimization of a Bifunctional Hyaluronan-Based Camptothecin Prodrug. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2014; 347:240-6. [PMID: 24402828 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201300177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zaiyang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Zongning Yin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; Chengdu People's Republic of China
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121
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Yin Q, Tong R, Yin L, Fan TM, Cheng J. Anticancer Camptothecin- N-Poly(lactic acid) Nanoconjugates with Facile Hydrolysable Linker. Polym Chem 2014; 5:1581-1585. [PMID: 26005498 PMCID: PMC4439007 DOI: 10.1039/c3py01245j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a strategy of conjugating CPT to the terminal carboxylate group of polylactide (PLA) with a facile hydrolysable amino ester linker via a controlled polymerization method. The obtained CPT-N-PLA conjugates were able to self-assemble into 50-100 nanometer-sized conjugates (NCs) with desired in vitro physicochemical properties and showed enhanced in vivo therapeutic efficacy against Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) induced in C57BL/6 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 (USA)
| | - Rong Tong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 (USA)
| | - Lichen Yin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 (USA)
| | - Timothy M. Fan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 (USA)
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Zeng XH, Li YH, Wu SS, Hao RL, Li H, Ni H, Han HB, Li HH. New and highly efficient column chromatographic extraction and simple purification of camptothecin from Camptotheca acuminata and Nothapodytes pittosporoides. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2013; 24:623-630. [PMID: 23722924 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Camptothecin, a widely used natural anti-cancer drug, is difficult to extract and purify effectively from plants. OBJECTIVE To develop new and highly efficient extraction and purification methods for analysis and production of camptothecin from leaves and fruits of Camptotheca acuminata and Nothapodytes pittosporoides roots. METHODS Dried materials were loaded in empty columns with fivefold 60% ethanol for leaves or 70% ethanol for fruits of C. acumnata, and sixfold 70% ethanol for N. pittosporoides roots. The columns were eluted with the same solvents at room temperature. Eluent was collected as extraction solution. Extraction solution from leaves and fruits of C. acuminata was vacuum-evaporated to remove ethanol, precipitated at pH 8.0 to remove alkaline insolubles and fractionated with chloroform at pH 3.0, which yields a crude product with 70% purity. Extraction solution from N. pittosporoides roots was concentrated to 1/10 volume and precipitated at pH 3.0, which yields a crude product with 60% purity. All crude products were purified by crystallisation. All steps were monitored by HPLC. RESULTS Camptothecin was extracted from the three plant materials at a 98% rate with 15- or 18-fold solvent for content analysis, or at a 97% rate with five- or sixfold solvent for production. All crude products were purified to 98%. The overall recovery rates of camptothecin from plant materials to purified products reached 92% or higher. CONCLUSION The new procedures are simple and highly efficient, and have multiple advantages for quantitative analysis and large production of camptothecin from plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Hua Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China, 510631
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Hollomon MG, Gordon N, Santiago-O'Farrill JM, Kleinerman ES. Knockdown of autophagy-related protein 5, ATG5, decreases oxidative stress and has an opposing effect on camptothecin-induced cytotoxicity in osteosarcoma cells. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:500. [PMID: 24160177 PMCID: PMC3924338 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autophagy induction can increase or decrease anticancer drug efficacy. Anticancer drug-induced autophagy induction is poorly characterized in osteosarcoma (OS). In this study, we investigated the impact of autophagy inhibition on camptothecin (CPT)-induced cytotoxicity in OS. Methods Autophagy-inhibited DLM8 and K7M3 metastatic murine OS cell lines were generated by infection with lentiviral shRNA directed against the essential autophagy protein ATG5. Knockdown of ATG5 protein expression and inhibition of autophagy was confirmed by immunoblot of ATG5 and LC3II proteins, respectively. Metabolic activity was determined by MTT assay and cell viability was determined by trypan blue exclusion. Acridine orange staining and immunoblotting for LC3II protein expression were used to determine autophagy induction. Oxidative stress was assessed by staining cells with HE and DCFH-DA followed by flow cytometry analysis. Mitochondrial membrane potential was determined by staining cells with TMRE followed by flow cytometry analysis. Immunoblotting was used to detect caspase activation, Parp cleavage and p53 phosphorylation. Results Autophagy inhibition caused a greater deficit in metabolic activity and cell growth in K7M3 cells compared to DLM8 cells. K7M3 cells exhibited higher basal autophagy levels than DLM8 cells and non-transformed murine MCT3 osteoblasts. Autophagy inhibition did not affect CPT-induced DNA damage. Autophagy inhibition decreased CPT-induced cell death in DLM8 cells while increasing CPT-induced cell death in K7M3 cells. Autophagy inhibition reduced CPT-induced mitochondrial damage and CPT-induced caspase activation in DLM8 cells. Buthionine sulfoximine (BSO)-induced cell death was greater in autophagy-competent DLM8 cells and was reversed by antioxidant pretreatment. Camptothecin-induced and BSO-induced autophagy induction was also reversed by antioxidant pretreatment. Significantly, autophagy inhibition not only reduced CPT-induced oxidative stress but also reduced basal oxidative stress. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that autophagy inhibition can have an opposing effect on CPT-induced cytotoxicity within OS. The cytoprotective mechanism of autophagy inhibition observed in DLM8 cells involves reduced CPT-induced oxidative stress and not reduced DNA damage. Our results also reveal the novel finding that knockdown of ATG5 protein reduces both basal oxidative stress and drug-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario G Hollomon
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
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124
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Liu G, Wang H, Jiang Y. Recrystallization and Micronization of Camptothecin by the Supercritical Antisolvent Process: Influence of Solvents. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie401173g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guijin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hongdi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yanbin Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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125
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Wei NN, Hamza A, Hao C, Xiu Z, Zhan CG. Microscopic Modes and Free Energies for Topoisomerase I-DNA Covalent Complex Binding with Non-campothecin Inhibitors by Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulations. Theor Chem Acc 2013; 132:10.1007/s00214-013-1379-z. [PMID: 24363608 PMCID: PMC3867144 DOI: 10.1007/s00214-013-1379-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Topoisomerase I (Topo1) has been identified as an attractive target for anticancer drug development due to its central role in facilitating the nuclear process of the DNA. It is essential for rational design of novel Topo1 inhibitors to reliably predict the binding structures of the Topo1 inhibitors interacting with the Topo1-DNA complex. The detailed binding structures and binding free energies for the Topo1-DNA complex interacting with typical non-camptothecin (CPT) Topo1 inhibitors have been examined by performing molecular docking, molecular dynamic (MD) simulations, and binding free energy calculations. The computational results provide valuable insights into the binding modes of the inhibitors binding with the Topo1-DNA complex and the key factors affecting the binding affinity. It has been demonstrated that the - stacking interaction with the DNA base pairs and the hydrogen bonding with Topo1 have the pivotal contributions to the binding structures and binding free energies, although the van der Waals and electrostatic interactions also significantly contribute to the stabilization of the binding structures. The calculated binding free energies are in good agreement with the available experiment activity data. The detailed binding modes and the crucial factors affecting the binding free energies obtained from the present computational studies may provide valuable insights for future rational design of novel, more potent Topo1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Ning Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Adel Hamza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Ce Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhilong Xiu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Chang-Guo Zhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
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126
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Whitaker RD, Ingebrigtsen SG, Naderkhani E, Skar ML, Flaten GE. Investigation of parameters influencing incorporation, retention and cellular cytotoxicity in liposomal formulations of poorly soluble camptothecin. J Liposome Res 2013; 23:298-310. [DOI: 10.3109/08982104.2013.805338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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127
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Patil SA, Hosni-Ahmed A, Jones TS, Patil R, Pfeffer LM, Miller DD. Novel approaches to glioma drug design and drug screening. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2013; 8:1135-51. [PMID: 23738794 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2013.807248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gliomas are considered the most malignant form of brain tumors, and ranked among the most aggressive human cancers. Despite advance standard therapy the prognosis for patients with gliomas remains poor. Chemotherapy has played an important role as an adjuvant in treating gliomas. The efficacy of the chemotherapeutic drug is limited due to poor drug delivery and the inherent chemo- and radio-resistance. Challenges of the brain cancer therapy in clinical settings are; i) to overcome the chemo- and radio-resistance, ii) to improve drug delivery to tumors and iii) the development of effective drug screening procedures. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors discuss clinically important chemotherapeutic agents used for treating malignant gliomas along with novel drug design approaches. The authors, furthermore, discuss the in vitro and in vivo drug screening procedures for the development of novel drug candidates. EXPERT OPINION The development of novel and highly potent chemotherapeutic agents for both glioma and glioma stem cells (GSCs) is highly important for future brain cancer research. Thus, research efforts should be directed towards developing innovative molecularly targeted antiglioma agents in order to reduce the toxicity and drug resistance which are associated with current forms of therapy. Development of novel pre-clinical drug screening procedures is also very critical for the overall success of brain cancer therapies in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivaputra A Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 847 Monroe Avenue, Room 327, 881 Madison, Room 435, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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128
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Total synthesis of a novel non-lactone camptothecin analog through microwave-assisted [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.01.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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129
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Guo S, Wang J, Fan X, Zhang X, Guo D. Synthesis of Pyrazolo[1,5-c]quinazoline Derivatives through Copper-Catalyzed Tandem Reaction of 5-(2-Bromoaryl)-1H-pyrazoles with Carbonyl Compounds and Aqueous Ammonia. J Org Chem 2013; 78:3262-70. [DOI: 10.1021/jo4001756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shenghai Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory
of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan
Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Jiliang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory
of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan
Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Xuesen Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory
of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan
Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Xinying Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory
of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan
Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Dongqiang Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory
of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan
Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People’s
Republic of China
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130
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Miskolczy Z, Biczók L. Effect of hydrogen bonding and complexation with metal ions on the fluorescence of luotonin A. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2013; 12:936-43. [DOI: 10.1039/c3pp50011j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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131
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Design and one-pot synthesis of new 7-acyl camptothecin derivatives as potent cytotoxic agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:7659-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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132
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Candel I, Aznar E, Mondragón L, de la Torre C, Martínez-Máñez R, Sancenón F, Marcos MD, Amorós P, Guillem C, Pérez-Payá E, Costero A, Gil S, Parra M. Amidase-responsive controlled release of antitumoral drug into intracellular media using gluconamide-capped mesoporous silica nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:7237-7245. [PMID: 23072883 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr32062b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
MCM-41 silica nanoparticles were used as inorganic scaffolding to prepare a nanoscopic-capped hybrid material S1, which was able to release an entrapped cargo in the presence of certain enzymes, whereas in the absence of enzymes, a zero release system was obtained. S1 was prepared by loading nanoparticles with Safranine O dye and was then capped with a gluconamide derivative. In the absence of enzymes, the release of the dye from the aqueous suspensions of S1 was inhibited as a result of the steric hindrance imposed by the bulky gluconamide derivative, the polymerized gluconamide layer and the formation of a dense hydrogen-bonded network around the pore outlets. Upon the addition of amidase and pronase enzymes, delivery of Safranine O dye was observed due to the enzymatic hydrolysis of the amide bond in the anchored gluconamide derivative. S1 nanoparticles were not toxic for cells, as demonstrated by cell viability assays using HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines, and were associated with lysosomes, as shown by confocal microscopy. Finally, the S1–CPT material loaded with the cytotoxic drug camptothecin and capped with the gluconamide derivative was prepared. The HeLa cells treated with S1–CPT underwent cell death as a result of material internalization, and of the subsequent cellular enzyme-mediated hydrolysis and aperture of the molecular gate, which induced the release of the camptothecin cargo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Candel
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universitat Politècnica de València-Universitat de València, Spain
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133
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Zhu L, Zhang X, Lei N, Liu W, Miao Z, Zhuang C, Sheng C, Guo W, Dong G, Yao J, Cheng P, Zhang W. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 7-alkenyl homocamptothecins as potent topoisomerase I inhibitors. Chem Biodivers 2012; 9:1084-94. [PMID: 22700227 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201100195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Homocamptothecin (hCPT) is a camptothecin (CPT) derivative with a seven-membered β-hydroxylactone E ring, which shows higher lactone stability and improves topoisomerase I (Topo I) inhibition activity. In an attempt to improve the antitumor activity of homocamptothecins, a series of 7-alkenyl-homocamptothecin derivatives was designed and synthesized based on a semisynthetic route starting from CPT. Most of the synthesized compounds exhibit higher cytotoxic activities on the A-549 tumor cell line than topotecan (TPT). Some compounds such as 2a and 2o show a broad in vitro antitumor spectrum and exhibit superior Topo I-inhibition activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjian Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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134
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Agostini A, Mondragón L, Pascual L, Aznar E, Coll C, Martínez-Máñez R, Sancenón F, Soto J, Marcos MD, Amorós P, Costero AM, Parra M, Gil S. Design of enzyme-mediated controlled release systems based on silica mesoporous supports capped with ester-glycol groups. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:14766-14776. [PMID: 22998170 DOI: 10.1021/la303161e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An ethylene glycol-capped hybrid material for the controlled release of molecules in the presence of esterase enzyme has been prepared. The final organic-inorganic hybrid solid S1 was synthesized by a two-step procedure. In the first step, the pores of an inorganic MCM-41 support (in the form of nanoparticles) were loaded with [Ru(bipy)(3)]Cl(2) complex, and then, in the second step, the pore outlets were functionalized with ester glycol moieties that acted as molecular caps. In the absence of an enzyme, release of the complex from aqueous suspensions of S1 at pH 8.0 is inhibited due to the steric hindrance imposed by the bulky ester glycol moieties. Upon addition of esterase enzyme, delivery of the ruthenium complex was observed due to enzymatic hydrolysis of the ester bond in the anchored ester glycol derivative, inducing the release of oligo(ethylene glycol) fragments. Hydrolysis of the ester bond results in size reduction of the appended group, therefore allowing delivery of the entrapped cargo. The S1 nanoparticles were not toxic for cells, as demonstrated by cell viability assays with HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines, and were found to be associated with lysosomes, as shown by confocal microscopy. However, when S1 nanoparticles were filled with the cytotoxic drug camptothecin (S1-CPT), S1-CPT-treated cells undergo cell death as a result of S1-CPT cell internalization and subsequent cellular enzyme-mediated hydrolysis and aperture of the molecular gate that induced the release of the camptothecin cargo. These findings point to a possible therapeutic application of these nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Agostini
- Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Unidad Mixta Universidad Politécnica de Valencia-Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Noxa/Mcl-1 balance influences the effect of the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 in combination with anticancer agents in pancreatic cancer cell lines. Anticancer Drugs 2012; 23:614-26. [PMID: 22314265 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0b013e3283504e53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer progresses aggressively and owing to chemoresistance responds poorly to chemotherapy. Thus, there is an urgent need to understand the mechanisms of cancer cell resistance to generate effective strategies to circumvent intrinsic chemoresistance in this tumour indication. In this study, three pancreatic cancer cell lines, MIA PaCa-2, MDAPanc-3 and AsPC-1, were treated with the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 together with camptothecin, doxorubicin or paclitaxel, and cytotoxicity was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The combination of MG-132 and camptothecin at a ratio of 5 : 1 gave the most promising results and enhanced cytotoxicity compared with the single compounds in MIA PaCa-2 cells. The increase was shown to be due to enhanced caspase-3 activity resulting in apoptosis. Moreover, this combination upregulated the levels of the proapoptotic protein Noxa and reduced the levels of the antiapoptotic protein Mcl-1, as demonstrated by western blotting. In contrast, the combination of MG-132 with doxorubicin also induced increased cytotoxicity, but apoptosis was decreased. The lack of an enhanced apoptosis induction could be correlated with high levels of Mcl-1 in response to the combined treatment with MG-132 and doxorubicin. Thus, the results indicate that regulation of the antiapoptotic and proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members Noxa and Mcl-1 is predicative of the effectiveness of the combination of MG-132 with different anticancer agents on apoptosis induction in pancreatic cancer cells.
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137
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Virupaksha B, Alpana G. CoMFA QSAR models of camptothecin analogues based on the distinctive SAR features of combined ABC, CD and E ring substitutions. Comput Biol Med 2012; 42:890-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2012.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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138
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Serda M, Kalinowski DS, Mrozek-Wilczkiewicz A, Musiol R, Szurko A, Ratuszna A, Pantarat N, Kovacevic Z, Merlot AM, Richardson DR, Polanski J. Synthesis and characterization of quinoline-based thiosemicarbazones and correlation of cellular iron-binding efficacy to anti-tumor efficacy. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:5527-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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139
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Krausz E, de Hoogt R, Gustin E, Cornelissen F, Grand-Perret T, Janssen L, Vloemans N, Wuyts D, Frans S, Axel A, Peeters PJ, Hall B, Cik M. Translation of a tumor microenvironment mimicking 3D tumor growth co-culture assay platform to high-content screening. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 18:54-66. [PMID: 22923784 DOI: 10.1177/1087057112456874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
For drug discovery, cell-based assays are becoming increasingly complex to mimic more realistically the nature of biological processes and their diversifications in diseases. Multicellular co-cultures embedded in a three-dimensional (3D) matrix have been explored in oncology to more closely approximate the physiology of the human tumor microenvironment. High-content analysis is the ideal technology to characterize these complex biological systems, although running such complex assays at higher throughput is a major endeavor. Here, we report on adapting a 3D tumor co-culture growth assay to automated microscopy, and we compare various imaging platforms (confocal vs. nonconfocal) with correlating automated image analysis solutions to identify optimal conditions and settings for future larger scaled screening campaigns. The optimized protocol has been validated in repeated runs where established anticancer drugs have been evaluated for performance in this innovative assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eberhard Krausz
- Janssen R&D, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium.
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140
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Alaghaz ANMA, El-Sayad BA, Albohy SAH. Synthesis, Spectroscopic, and Antimicrobial Activity Studies of Novel 10-Substituted Camptothecin Phosphorothioate Analogs. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2011.631643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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141
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Yohe ST, Herrera VLM, Colson YL, Grinstaff MW. 3D superhydrophobic electrospun meshes as reinforcement materials for sustained local drug delivery against colorectal cancer cells. J Control Release 2012; 162:92-101. [PMID: 22684120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this work we expand upon a recently reported local drug delivery device, where air is used as a degradable component of our material to control drug release (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 2016-2019). We consider its potential use as a drug loaded strip to provide both mechanical stability to the anastomosis, and as a means to release drug locally over prolonged periods for prevention of locoregional recurrence in colorectal cancer. Specifically, we electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) with the hydrophobic polymer dopant poly(glycerol monostearate-co-ε-caprolactone) (PGC-C18) and used the resultant mesh to control the release of two anticancer drugs (CPT-11 and SN-38). The increase in mesh hydrophobicity with PGC-C18 addition slows drug release both by the traditional means of drug diffusion, as well as by increasing the stability of the entrapped air layer to delay drug release. We demonstrate that superhydrophobic meshes have mechanical properties appropriate for surgical buttressing of the anastomosis, permit non-invasive assessment of mesh location and documentation of drug release via ultrasound, and release chemotherapy over a prolonged period of time (>90 days) resulting in significant tumor cytotoxicity against a human colorectal cell line (HT-29).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan T Yohe
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, United States
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142
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Ye D, Shi Q, Leung CH, Kim SW, Park SY, Gullen EA, Jiang ZL, Zhu H, Morris-Natschke SL, Cheng YC, Lee KH. Antitumor agents 294. Novel E-ring-modified camptothecin-4β-anilino-4'-O-demethyl-epipodophyllotoxin conjugates as DNA topoisomerase I inhibitors and cytotoxic agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:4489-94. [PMID: 22698783 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Two conjugates (1 and 2) of camptothecin (CPT) and 4β-anilino-4'-O-demethylepipodophyllotoxin were previously shown to exert antitumor activity through inhibition of topoisomerase I (topo I). In this current study, two novel conjugates (1E and 2E) with an open E-ring in the CPT moiety were first synthesized and evaluated for biological activity in comparison with their intact E-ring congeners. This novel class of CPT-derivatives exhibits its antitumor effect against CPT-sensitive and -resistant cells, in part, by inhibiting topo I-linked DNA (TLD) religation. An intact E-ring was not essential for the inhibition of TLD religation, although conjugates with an open E-ring were less potent than the closed ring analogs. This lower religation potency resulted in decreased formation of protein-linked DNA breaks (PLDBs), and hence, less cell growth inhibition. In addition to their impact on topo I, conjugates 1E, 2, and 2E exhibited a minor inhibitory effect on topo II-induced DNA cleavage. The novel structures of 1E and 2E may present scaffolds for further development of dual function topo I and II inhibitors with improved pharmacological profiles and physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyong Ye
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
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143
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144
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Liu YQ, Dai W, Yang L, Li HY. Design and synthesis of novel camptothecin/5-fluorouracil conjugates as cytotoxic agents. Nat Prod Res 2011; 25:1817-26. [DOI: 10.1080/14786411003792181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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145
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Cai XH, Li Y, Su J, Liu YP, Li XN, Luo XD. Novel indole and quinoline alkaloids from Melodinus yunnanensis. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2011; 1:25-28. [PMCID: PMC4131712 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-011-0001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
6/7-Seco rearranged spiro-indolone alkaloids, meloyunines A (1) and B (2) and a monoterpenoid quinoline alkaloid meloyunine C (3) together with its possible intermediate 14,15-dehydromelohenine B (4), and their precursor Δ14-vincamenine (5) were isolated from Melodinus yunnanensis. All structures were elucidated based on NMR, FTIR, UV, and MS spectroscopic data. The isolation of monoterpenoid indole, quinoline, and its immediate from the same plant chemically supported the biosynthesis of quinoline from indole. Compound 2 was cytotoxic against several human cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Hai Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Jia Su
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Ya-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Xiao-Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
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146
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Joseph B, Priya RM. Bioactive Compounds from Endophytes and their Potential in Pharmaceutical Effect: A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/ajbmb.2011.291.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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147
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Kennedy S, Dicesare JC, Sheaff RJ. Topoisomerase I inactivation by a novel thiol reactive naphthoquinone. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 410:152-8. [PMID: 21651895 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.05.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Accepted: 05/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The naphthoquinone adduct 12,13-dihydro-N-methyl-6,11,13-trioxo-5H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]naphthalen-5,12-imine (hereafter called TU100) contains structural features of both the anthracycline and isoquinone chemotherapeutics. An initial characterization showed TU100 is cytotoxic to mammalian cells and can inhibit topoisomerase I and II. Analysis using topoisomerase I now reveals TU100 is a slow acting inhibitor targeting the enzyme in the absence of DNA. Diluting pre-incubated TU100 and topoisomerase I failed to alleviate inhibition, suggesting the enzyme is being covalently modified. Critical cysteine thiols were identified as the possible target based on the ability of reducing agents to reverse TU100 inhibition. Consistent with this idea, TU100 protected topoisomerase I from inactivation by the sulfhydryl modifying agent N-ethylmaleimide (NEM). Unlike agents nonspecifically reacting with thiols, however, TU100 is specific for topoisomerase because it failed to inhibit a cysteine dependent protease. These results indicate TU100 is a novel naphthoquinone that inactivates free topoisomerase I via alkylation of cysteine residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, United States
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148
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Correlations between camptothecin and related metabolites in Camptotheca acuminata reveal similar biosynthetic principles and in planta synergistic effects. Fitoterapia 2011; 82:497-507. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Revised: 01/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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149
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150
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Liu W, Zhu L, Guo W, Zhuang C, Zhang Y, Sheng C, Cheng P, Yao J, Wang W, Dong G, Wang S, Miao Z, Zhang W. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 7-acyl homocamptothecins as Topoisomerase I inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:2408-14. [PMID: 21463912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel 7-acyl derivatives of homocamptothecin (hCPT) were designed and synthesized with the purpose to improve antitumor activity of hCPT, via Minisci free-radical reaction from 10-methoxyhomocamptothecin. All the compounds were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines (A549, MDA-MB-435 and HCT116). For MDA-MB-435 cell line, compounds, 6a, 6b, 6k and all of 7-alkylcabonyl homocamptothecin derivatives showed higher in vitro inhibitory activities than topotecan (TPT). Furthermore, compounds 6d, 6e, and 6k showed highly potent inhibitory activities with the IC50 values from less than 1 nM to 2.2 nM. In Topoisomerase I (Topo I)-induced DNA cleavage assay, compounds 6a, 6d, and 6k, as compared to CPT, revealed higher Topo I inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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