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Ju JA, Godet I, DiGiacomo JW, Gilkes DM. RhoB is regulated by hypoxia and modulates metastasis in breast cancer. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2020; 3:e1164. [PMID: 32671953 PMCID: PMC7941481 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RhoB is a Rho family GTPase that is highly homologous to RhoA and RhoC. RhoA and RhoC have been shown to promote tumor progression in many cancer types; however, a distinct role for RhoB in cancer has not been delineated. Additionally, several well-characterized studies have shown that small GTPases such as RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 are induced in vitro under hypoxia, but whether and how hypoxia regulates RhoB in breast cancer remains elusive. AIMS To determine whether and how hypoxia regulates RhoB expression and to understand the role of RhoB in breast cancer metastasis. METHODS We investigated the effects of hypoxia on the expression and activation of RhoB using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. We also examined the significance of both decreased and increased RhoB expression in breast cancer using CRISPR depletion of RhoB or a vector overexpressing RhoB in 3D in vitro migration models and in an in vivo mouse model. RESULTS We found that hypoxia significantly upregulated RhoB mRNA and protein expression resulting in increased levels of activated RhoB. Both loss of RhoB and gain of RhoB expression led to reduced migration in a 3D collagen matrix and invasion within a multicellular 3D spheroid. We showed that neither the reduction nor overexpression of RhoB affected tumor growth in vivo. While the loss of RhoB had no effect on metastasis, RhoB overexpression led to decreased metastasis to the lungs, liver, and lymph nodes of mice. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that RhoB may have an important role in suppressing breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A. Ju
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Baltimore School of MedicineUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Inês Godet
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Josh W. DiGiacomo
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Daniele M. Gilkes
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine ProgramThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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102
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Jahani S, Nazeri E, Majidzadeh-A K, Jahani M, Esmaeili R. Circular RNA; a new biomarker for breast cancer: A systematic review. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:5501-5510. [PMID: 31985056 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) were recently discovered as a looped subset of competing endogenous RNAs, with an ability to regulate gene expression by microRNA sponging. There are several studies on their potential roles in cancer development, such as colorectal cancer and basal cell carcinoma. However, there is still a significant gap in the knowledge about circRNA functions in breast cancer (BC) progression. The current study systematically reviewed circRNA biogenesis and their potential roles as a novel biomarker in BC on published studies of the MEDLINE®/PubMed, Cochrane®, and Scopus® databases. The obtained results showed a general dysregulation of circRNAs expression in BC cells with a cell-type and stage-specific manner. The potential connection between circRNAs and BC cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and chemotherapy sensitivity and resistance were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Jahani
- Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Nazeri
- Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keivan Majidzadeh-A
- Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Jahani
- Department of Crop Protection, Laboratory of Agrozoology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rezvan Esmaeili
- Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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San-Millán I, Julian CG, Matarazzo C, Martinez J, Brooks GA. Is Lactate an Oncometabolite? Evidence Supporting a Role for Lactate in the Regulation of Transcriptional Activity of Cancer-Related Genes in MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1536. [PMID: 32010625 PMCID: PMC6971189 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactate is a ubiquitous molecule in cancer. In this exploratory study, our aim was to test the hypothesis that lactate could function as an oncometabolite by evaluating whether lactate exposure modifies the expression of oncogenes, or genes encoding transcription factors, cell division, and cell proliferation in MCF7 cells, a human breast cancer cell line. Gene transcription was compared between MCF7 cells incubated in (a) glucose/glutamine-free media (control), (b) glucose-containing media to stimulate endogenous lactate production (replicating some of the original Warburg studies), and (c) glucose-containing media supplemented with L-lactate (10 and 20 mM). We found that both endogenous, glucose-derived lactate and exogenous, lactate supplementation significantly affected the transcription of key oncogenes (MYC, RAS, and PI3KCA), transcription factors (HIF1A and E2F1), tumor suppressors (BRCA1, BRCA2) as well as cell cycle and proliferation genes involved in breast cancer (AKT1, ATM, CCND1, CDK4, CDKN1A, CDK2B) (0.001 < p < 0.05 for all genes). Our findings support the hypothesis that lactate acts as an oncometabolite in MCF7 cells. Further research is necessary on other cell lines and biopsy cultures to show generality of the findings and reveal the mechanisms by which dysregulated lactate metabolism could act as an oncometabolite in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñigo San-Millán
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Human Physiology and Nutrition, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO, United States
| | - Colleen G Julian
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Christopher Matarazzo
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Janel Martinez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - George A Brooks
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
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Boyce MW, Simke WC, Kenney RM, Lockett MR. Generating linear oxygen gradients across 3D cell cultures with block-layered oxygen controlled chips (BLOCCs). ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:18-24. [PMID: 32190125 PMCID: PMC7079814 DOI: 10.1039/c9ay01690b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen is a transcriptional regulator responsible for tissue homeostasis and maintenance. Studies relating cellular phenotype with oxygen tension often use hypoxia chambers, which expose cells to a single, static oxygen tension. Despite their ease of use, these chambers are unable to replicate the oxygen gradients found in healthy and diseased tissues. Microfabricated devices capable of imposing an oxygen gradient across tissue-like structures are a promising tool for these studies, as they can provide a high density of information in a single experimental setup. We describe the fabrication and characterization of a modular device, which leverages the gas-permeability of silicone to impose gradients of oxygen across cell-containing regions, assembled by layering sheets of laser cut acrylic and silicone rubber. The silicone also acts as a barrier, separating the flowing gases from the cell culture medium, preventing evaporation or bubble formation in experiments that require prolonged periods of incubation. The acrylic components provide a rigid framework to provide a sterile culture environment. Using oxygen-sensing films, we show the device can support gradients of different ranges and steepness by simply changing the composition of the gases flowing through the silicone components of the BLOCC. Using a cell-based reporter assay, we demonstrate that cellular responses to hypoxia are proportional to oxygen tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Boyce
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, 125 South Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA
| | - William C Simke
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, 125 South Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA
| | - Rachael M Kenney
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, 125 South Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA
| | - Matthew R Lockett
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, 125 South Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7295, USA
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1A Upregulates HMGN5 by Increasing the Expression of GATA1 and Plays a Role in Osteosarcoma Metastasis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5630124. [PMID: 31930127 PMCID: PMC6942741 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5630124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is one of the most common malignant tumors in children and adolescents and is characterized by early metastasis. High-mobility group N (HMGN) domains are involved in the development of several tumors. Our previous study found that HMGN5 is highly expressed in osteosarcoma tissues and knockdown of HMGN5 inhibits migration and invasion of U-2 OS and Saos-2 cells. A hypoxic environment is commonly found in solid tumors such as osteosarcoma and is likely to be associated with tumor metastasis, so we further explored the relationship between HMGN5 and the hypoxic environment. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1A (HIF1A) is an adaptive factor in the hypoxic environment. We found that HIF1A and HMGN5 were upregulated in osteosarcoma (OS) cells cultured in the hypoxic environment, and the results of overexpression and knockdown experiments showed that HIF1A upregulated the transcription factor GATA1 and further promoted the expression of HMGN5. In addition, MMP2 and MMP9 were subsequently upregulated through the c-jun pathway, and finally, this promoted the migration and invasion of OS cells. It is suggested that HMGN5 may be an important downstream factor for HIF1A to promote osteosarcoma metastasis. It has an important clinical significance for the selection of therapeutic targets for osteosarcoma.
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106
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Pirouzpanah S, Asemani S, Shayanfar A, Baradaran B, Montazeri V. The effects of Berberis vulgaris consumption on plasma levels of IGF-1, IGFBPs, PPAR-γ and the expression of angiogenic genes in women with benign breast disease: a randomized controlled clinical trial. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:324. [PMID: 31752829 PMCID: PMC6868871 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2715-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was designed to investigate the effects of Berberis vulgaris (BV) juice consumption on plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), and the expression of PPAR-γ, VEGF and HIF in women with benign breast disease. METHODS This parallel design randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial was conducted on 85 eligible patients diagnosed with benign breast disease. They were assigned randomly into either BV juice group (n = 44, BV juice: 480 ml/day) or placebo group (n = 41, BV placebo juice: 480 ml/day) for 8 weeks intervention. Participants, caregivers and those who assessed laboratory analyses were blinded to the assignments. Plasma levels of biomarkers were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks by ELISA. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the fold change in the expression of each interested gene. RESULTS The compliance of participants was 95.2% and 40 available subjects analyzed in each group at last. Relative treatment (RT) effects for BV juice caused 16% fall in IGF-1 concentration and 37% reduction in the ratio of IGF-1/1GFBP1. Absolute treatment effect expressed 111 ng/ml increased mean differences of IGFBP-3 between BV group and placebo. Plasma level of PPAR-γ increased in both groups but it was not significant. Fold changes in the expressions of PPAR-γ, VEGF and HIF showed down-regulation in the intervention group compared to placebos (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The BV juice intervention over 8 weeks was accompanied by acceptable efficacy and decreased plasma IGF-1, and IGF-1/IGFBP-1 ratio partly could be assigned to enhanced IGFBP-1 level in women with BBD. The intervention caused reductions in the expression levels of PPAR, VEGF, and HIF which are remarkable genomic changes to potentially prevent breast tumorigenesis. TRIAL REGISTRATION IRCT2012110511335N2. Registered 10 July 2013 (retrospectively registered).
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107
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Godet I, Shin YJ, Ju JA, Ye IC, Wang G, Gilkes DM. Fate-mapping post-hypoxic tumor cells reveals a ROS-resistant phenotype that promotes metastasis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4862. [PMID: 31649238 PMCID: PMC6813355 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12412-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is known to be detrimental in cancer and contributes to its development. In this work, we present an approach to fate-map hypoxic cells in vivo in order to determine their cellular response to physiological O2 gradients as well as to quantify their contribution to metastatic spread. We demonstrate the ability of the system to fate-map hypoxic cells in 2D, and in 3D spheroids and organoids. We identify distinct gene expression patterns in cells that experienced intratumoral hypoxia in vivo compared to cells exposed to hypoxia in vitro. The intratumoral hypoxia gene-signature is a better prognostic indicator for distant metastasis-free survival. Post-hypoxic tumor cells have an ROS-resistant phenotype that provides a survival advantage in the bloodstream and promotes their ability to establish overt metastasis. Post-hypoxic cells retain an increase in the expression of a subset of hypoxia-inducible genes at the metastatic site, suggesting the possibility of a 'hypoxic memory.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Godet
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Yu Jung Shin
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Julia A Ju
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - I Chae Ye
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Guannan Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Daniele M Gilkes
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
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108
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Loh HY, Norman BP, Lai KS, Rahman NMANA, Alitheen NBM, Osman MA. The Regulatory Role of MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4940. [PMID: 31590453 PMCID: PMC6801796 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules which function as critical post-transcriptional gene regulators of various biological functions. Generally, miRNAs negatively regulate gene expression by binding to their selective messenger RNAs (mRNAs), thereby leading to either mRNA degradation or translational repression, depending on the degree of complementarity with target mRNA sequences. Aberrant expression of these miRNAs has been linked etiologically with various human diseases including breast cancer. Different cellular pathways of breast cancer development such as cell proliferation, apoptotic response, metastasis, cancer recurrence and chemoresistance are regulated by either the oncogenic miRNA (oncomiR) or tumor suppressor miRNA (tsmiR). In this review, we highlight the current state of research into miRNA involved in breast cancer, with particular attention to articles published between the years 2000 to 2019, using detailed searches of the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The post-transcriptional gene regulatory roles of various dysregulated miRNAs in breast cancer and their potential as therapeutic targets are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yi Loh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Brendan P Norman
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK.
| | - Kok-Song Lai
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi 41012, UAE.
| | - Nik Mohd Afizan Nik Abd Rahman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Noorjahan Banu Mohamed Alitheen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Azuraidi Osman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
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109
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Suryavanshi S, Choudhari A, Raina P, Kaul-Ghanekar R. A polyherbal formulation, HC9 regulated cell growth and expression of cell cycle and chromatin modulatory proteins in breast cancer cell lines. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 242:112022. [PMID: 31201865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE HC9, a polyherbal formulation, is based upon a traditional Ayurvedic formulation, Stanya Shodhana Kashaya (SSK, having 10 plant materials), formulated on Stanyashodhana gana, explained by Charaka in Charakasaṃhita Sutrasthana IV and mentioned in other texts as well. Stanyasodhana is the Sanskrit name for a group of medicinal plants, classified for "improving the quality of milk". SSK is used by Ayurvedic practitioners for the cleansing and detoxification of breast milk in lactating mothers as well as for the management of various clinical conditions. HC9 is composed of equal ratios of nine different medicinal plants that include Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth., Cyperus rotundus L., Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Cedrus deodara (Roxb. ex D.Don) G.Don, Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers, Holarrhena antidysenterica (Roth) Wall. ex A.DC., Swertia chirata Buch.-Ham. ex Wall., Cissampelos pareira L. and Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. ex Schult.. It differs from the SSK formulation by having one ingredient [Marsdenia tenacissima (Roxb.)Moon (Murva)] less, due to its unavailability since it is mostly found in tropical hilly tracts of peninsular India and Vindhya ranges as well as in lower Himalayan tracts. All the medicinal plants in the formulation have reported activity against different types of cancers. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study is aimed at evaluating the anticancer activity of the polyherbal formulation (HC9) and its mechanism of action against breast cancer cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of HC9 on the viability of breast cancer (MCF-7 and MDAMB231) and non-cancerous (MCF-10A) cell lines was evaluated by MTT assay. The effect on cell growth and colony formation potential of cancer cells was determined by trypan blue dye exclusion method and soft agar assay, respectively. Cell cycle arrest was determined by propidium iodide (PI) staining and analyzed by flowcytometer. Scratch wound assay was used for studying cell migration. Cell invasion was determined by using BD BioCoat Matrigel invasion chambers. The gene expression of HIF-1α was examined by RT-PCR. The expression of p53, SMAR1, p16, MMP-2, CDP/Cux, p21, Rb, phospo-Rb (ppRb), VEGF, NFқB and COX-2 proteins was determined by western blotting. RESULTS HC9 significantly altered growth of breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA MB-231. It blocked the cell cycle progression at S phase in MCF-7 by up regulating the expression of p53, p21 and p16 proteins. In MDA MB-231, HC9 induced G1 phase arrest by up regulating the expression of p53, p21 and pRb proteins with simultaneous decrease in ppRb. It significantly reduced migration and invasion in both the cell lines, accompanied by decrease in the expression of MMP-2/9, HIF-1α and VEGF. HC9 decreased the expression of inflammatory markers (NF-қB, COX-2), and modulated the expression of chromatin modulators (SMAR1 and CDP/Cux) in both MCF-7 and MDA MB-231. CONCLUSIONS HC9 exhibited potent anticancer activity against breast cancer cells, thereby warranting further pre-clinical and clinical studies in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal Suryavanshi
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Katraj-Dhankawadi, Pune-Satara Road, Pune, 411043, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amit Choudhari
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Katraj-Dhankawadi, Pune-Satara Road, Pune, 411043, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prerna Raina
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Katraj-Dhankawadi, Pune-Satara Road, Pune, 411043, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ruchika Kaul-Ghanekar
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Katraj-Dhankawadi, Pune-Satara Road, Pune, 411043, Maharashtra, India.
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Liu M, Liang Y, Zhu Z, Wang J, Cheng X, Cheng J, Xu B, Li R, Liu X, Wang Y. Discovery of Novel Aryl Carboxamide Derivatives as Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α Signaling Inhibitors with Potent Activities of Anticancer Metastasis. J Med Chem 2019; 62:9299-9314. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Anhui Chem-Bright Bioengineering Company Limited, Huaibei 235025, China
| | - Yuru Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhongzhen Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xingxing Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jiayi Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Binpeng Xu
- Anhui Chem-Bright Bioengineering Company Limited, Huaibei 235025, China
| | - Rong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xinhua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
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111
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Zhang CY, Jiang ZM, Ma XF, Li Y, Liu XZ, Li LL, Wu WH, Wang T. Saikosaponin-d Inhibits the Hepatoma Cells and Enhances Chemosensitivity Through SENP5-Dependent Inhibition of Gli1 SUMOylation Under Hypoxia. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1039. [PMID: 31616295 PMCID: PMC6764240 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemosensitivity is one of the key factors affecting the therapeutic effect on cancer, but the clinical application of corresponding drugs is rare. Hypoxia, a common feature of many solid tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), has been associated with resistance to chemotherapy in part through the activation of the Sonic Hedgehog (SHh) pathway. Hypoxia has also been associated with the increased SUMOylation of multiple proteins, including GLI family proteins, which are key mediators of SHh signaling, and has become a promising target to develop drug-resistant drugs for cancer treatment. However, there are few target drugs to abrogate chemotherapy resistance. Saikosaponin-d (Ssd), one of the main bioactive components of Radix bupleuri, has been reported to exert multiple biological effects, including anticancer activity. Here, we first found that Ssd inhibits the malignant phenotype of HCC cells while increasing their sensitivity to the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir (HSVtk/GCV) drug system under hypoxia in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we had explored that GLI family activation and extensive protein SUMOylation were characteristics of HCC cells, and hypoxia could activate the SHh pathway and promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and chemosensitivity in HCC cells. SUMOylation is required for hypoxia-dependent activation of GLI proteins. Finally, we found that Ssd could reverse the effects promoted by hypoxia, specifically active sentrin/small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-specific protease 5 (SENP5), a SUMO-specific protease, in a time- and dose-dependent manner while inhibiting the expression of SUMO1 and GLI proteins. Together, these findings confirm the important role of Ssd in the chemoresistance of liver cancer, provide some data support for further understanding the molecular mechanisms of Ssd inhibition of malignant transformation of HCC cells, and provide a new perspective for the application of traditional Chinese medicine in the chemical resistance of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Binhai New Area Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhong-Min Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Ma
- Central Laboratory, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Binhai New Area Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Zhi Liu
- Central Laboratory, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Li-Li Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen-Han Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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112
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DiGiacomo JW, Gilkes DM. Tumor Hypoxia As an Enhancer of Inflammation-Mediated Metastasis: Emerging Therapeutic Strategies. Target Oncol 2019; 13:157-173. [PMID: 29423593 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-018-0555-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Recent research has implicated tumor inflammation as a promoter of metastasis. Myeloid, lymphoid, and mesenchymal cells in the tumor microenvironment promote inflammatory signaling amongst each other and together with cancer cells to modulate sustained inflammation, which may enhance cancer invasiveness. Tumor hypoxia, a state of reduced available oxygen present in the majority of solid tumors, acts as a prognostic factor for a worse outcome and is known to have a role in tumor inflammation through the regulation of inflammatory mediator signals in both cancer and neighboring cells in the microenvironment. Multiple methods to target tumor hypoxia have been developed and tested in clinical trials, and still more are emerging as the impacts of hypoxia become better understood. These strategies include mechanistic inhibition of the hypoxia inducible factor signaling pathway and hypoxia activated pro-drugs, leading to both anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects. This prompts a need for further research on the prevention of hypoxia-mediated inflammation in cancer. Hypoxia-targeting strategies seem to have the most potential for therapeutic benefit when combined with traditional chemotherapy agents. This paper will serve to summarize the role of the inflammatory response in metastasis, to discuss how hypoxia can enable or enhance inflammatory signaling, and to review established and emerging strategies to target the hypoxia-inflammation-metastasis axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh W DiGiacomo
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.,Breast & Ovarian Cancer Program, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Daniele M Gilkes
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA. .,Breast & Ovarian Cancer Program, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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113
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Whitman NA, Lin ZW, Kenney RM, Albertini L, Lockett MR. Hypoxia differentially regulates estrogen receptor alpha in 2D and 3D culture formats. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 671:8-17. [PMID: 31163125 PMCID: PMC6688900 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature in solid tumors. Clinical samples show a positive correlation between the expression of the hypoxia-inducible factor HIF-1α and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and a negative correlation between HIF-1α and hormone sensitivity. Results from monolayer cultures are in contention with clinical observations, showing that ER (+) cell lines no longer express ERα under hypoxic conditions (1% O2). Here, we compared the impact of hypoxia on the ERα signaling pathway for T47D cells in a 2D and 3D culture format. In the 2D format, the cells were cultured as monolayers. In the 3D format, paper-based scaffolds supported cells suspended in a collagen matrix. Using ELISA, Western blot, and immunofluorescence measurements, we show that hypoxia differentially regulates ERα protein levels in a culture environment-dependent manner. In the 2D format, the protein levels are significantly decreased in hypoxia. In the 3D format, the protein levels are maintained in hypoxia. Hypoxia reduced ERα transcriptional activation in both culture formats. These results highlight the importance of considering tissue dimensionality for in vitro studies. They also show that ERα protein levels in hypoxia are not an accurate indicator of ERα transcriptional activity, and confirm that a positive stain for ERα in a clinical sample may not necessarily indicate hormone sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Whitman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA
| | - Zhi-Wei Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA
| | - Rachael M Kenney
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA
| | - Leonardo Albertini
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA
| | - Matthew R Lockett
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kenan and Caudill Laboratories, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3290, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7295, USA.
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114
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Dogan BE, Menezes GLG, Butler RS, Neuschler EI, Aitchison R, Lavin PT, Tucker FL, Grobmyer SR, Otto PM, Stavros AT. Optoacoustic Imaging and Gray-Scale US Features of Breast Cancers: Correlation with Molecular Subtypes. Radiology 2019; 292:564-572. [PMID: 31287388 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2019182071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Optoacoustic imaging can assess tumor hypoxia coregistered with US gray-scale images. The combination of optoacoustic imaging and US may have a role in distinguishing breast cancer molecular subtypes. Purpose To investigate whether optoacoustic US feature scores correlate with breast cancer molecular subtypes. Materials and Methods A total of 1972 women (with a total of 2055 breast masses) underwent prebiopsy optoacoustic US in a prospective multi-institutional study between December 2012 and September 2015. Seven readers blinded to pathologic diagnosis scored gray-scale US and optoacoustic US features of the known cancers. Optoacoustic US features within (internal) and outside of the tumor boundary (external) were scored. Immunohistochemistry findings were obtained from pathology reports. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to fit the US scores, adding optoacoustic US features to the model to investigate the incremental benefit of each feature. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to analyze the relationship between molecular subtypes and feature scores. Results Among 653 invasive cancers identified in 629 women, a total of 532 cancers in 519 women, all of which had molecular markers available, were included in the analysis. Mean age ± standard deviation was 57.9 years ± 12.6. Mean total external optoacoustic US feature scores of luminal (A and B) breast cancers were higher (9.9 vs 8.8; P < .05) and total internal scores were lower (6.8 vs 7.7; P < .001) than those of triple-negative and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) cancers. A multinomial logistic regression model showed that optoacoustic internal vessel (odds ratio [OR], 0.6; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.5, 0.8; P = .002), optoacoustic internal blush (OR, 0.7; 95% CI: 0.5, 0.9; P = .02), and optoacoustic internal hemoglobin (OR, 0.6; 95% CI: 0.5, 0.8; P = .001) were associated with classification of luminal versus triple-negative and HER2+ cancer subtypes. Conclusion Combined optoacoustic US imaging and gray-scale US features may help distinguish luminal breast cancers from triple-negative and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive cancers. © RSNA, 2019 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Mann in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basak E Dogan
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 2201 Inwood Rd, Dallas, TX 75390-8585 (B.E.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., P.M.O., A.T.S.); Seno Medical Instruments, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., A.T.S.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (R.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Assistant Professor, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.I.N.); Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Boston, MA (R.A., P.T.L); Virginia Biomedical Laboratories, LLC, Wirtz, VA (F.L.T.); and Department of Surgical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (S.R.G.)
| | - Gisela L G Menezes
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 2201 Inwood Rd, Dallas, TX 75390-8585 (B.E.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., P.M.O., A.T.S.); Seno Medical Instruments, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., A.T.S.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (R.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Assistant Professor, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.I.N.); Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Boston, MA (R.A., P.T.L); Virginia Biomedical Laboratories, LLC, Wirtz, VA (F.L.T.); and Department of Surgical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (S.R.G.)
| | - Reni S Butler
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 2201 Inwood Rd, Dallas, TX 75390-8585 (B.E.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., P.M.O., A.T.S.); Seno Medical Instruments, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., A.T.S.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (R.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Assistant Professor, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.I.N.); Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Boston, MA (R.A., P.T.L); Virginia Biomedical Laboratories, LLC, Wirtz, VA (F.L.T.); and Department of Surgical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (S.R.G.)
| | - Erin I Neuschler
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 2201 Inwood Rd, Dallas, TX 75390-8585 (B.E.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., P.M.O., A.T.S.); Seno Medical Instruments, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., A.T.S.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (R.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Assistant Professor, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.I.N.); Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Boston, MA (R.A., P.T.L); Virginia Biomedical Laboratories, LLC, Wirtz, VA (F.L.T.); and Department of Surgical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (S.R.G.)
| | - Roger Aitchison
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 2201 Inwood Rd, Dallas, TX 75390-8585 (B.E.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., P.M.O., A.T.S.); Seno Medical Instruments, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., A.T.S.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (R.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Assistant Professor, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.I.N.); Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Boston, MA (R.A., P.T.L); Virginia Biomedical Laboratories, LLC, Wirtz, VA (F.L.T.); and Department of Surgical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (S.R.G.)
| | - Philip T Lavin
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 2201 Inwood Rd, Dallas, TX 75390-8585 (B.E.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., P.M.O., A.T.S.); Seno Medical Instruments, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., A.T.S.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (R.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Assistant Professor, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.I.N.); Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Boston, MA (R.A., P.T.L); Virginia Biomedical Laboratories, LLC, Wirtz, VA (F.L.T.); and Department of Surgical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (S.R.G.)
| | - F Lee Tucker
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 2201 Inwood Rd, Dallas, TX 75390-8585 (B.E.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., P.M.O., A.T.S.); Seno Medical Instruments, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., A.T.S.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (R.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Assistant Professor, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.I.N.); Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Boston, MA (R.A., P.T.L); Virginia Biomedical Laboratories, LLC, Wirtz, VA (F.L.T.); and Department of Surgical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (S.R.G.)
| | - Stephen R Grobmyer
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 2201 Inwood Rd, Dallas, TX 75390-8585 (B.E.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., P.M.O., A.T.S.); Seno Medical Instruments, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., A.T.S.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (R.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Assistant Professor, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.I.N.); Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Boston, MA (R.A., P.T.L); Virginia Biomedical Laboratories, LLC, Wirtz, VA (F.L.T.); and Department of Surgical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (S.R.G.)
| | - Pamela M Otto
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 2201 Inwood Rd, Dallas, TX 75390-8585 (B.E.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., P.M.O., A.T.S.); Seno Medical Instruments, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., A.T.S.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (R.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Assistant Professor, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.I.N.); Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Boston, MA (R.A., P.T.L); Virginia Biomedical Laboratories, LLC, Wirtz, VA (F.L.T.); and Department of Surgical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (S.R.G.)
| | - A Thomas Stavros
- From the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 2201 Inwood Rd, Dallas, TX 75390-8585 (B.E.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., P.M.O., A.T.S.); Seno Medical Instruments, San Antonio, TX (G.L.G.M., A.T.S.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (R.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Assistant Professor, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.I.N.); Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Boston, MA (R.A., P.T.L); Virginia Biomedical Laboratories, LLC, Wirtz, VA (F.L.T.); and Department of Surgical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (S.R.G.)
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Gu J, Xu T, Huang QH, Zhang CM, Chen HY. HMGB3 silence inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth by interacting with hypoxia-inducible factor 1α. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:5075-5089. [PMID: 31213919 PMCID: PMC6549700 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s204357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor that affects women with higher incidence. High-mobility group box 3 (HMGB3) plays critical functions in DNA repair, recombination, transcription and replication. This study aimed to investigate the effects of HMGB3 silence on mammosphere formation and tumor growth of breast cancer. Methods: LV5-HMGB3 and LV3-siHMGB3 vectors were transfected into MCF10A, MDA-MB-231, HCC1937, ZR-75-1 and MCF7 cells. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to evaluate cell proliferation. Xenograft tumor mice model was established by injection of MDA-MB-231. qRT-PCR and western blot were used to examine the expression of Nanog, Sox2 and OCT-4. Mammosphere forming assay was employed to evaluate mammosphere formation both in vivo and in vitro. Dual luciferase assay was utilized to verify the interaction between HMGB3 and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α). CD44+/CD24− was assessed with flow cytometry. Results: HMGB3 expression was higher significantly (p<0.05) in cancer cells compared to normal cells. HMGB3 overexpression significantly (p<0.05) enhanced and HMGB3 silence reduced cell proliferative mice compared to MCF10A and MDA-MB-231, respectively. HMGB3 overexpression enhanced and HMGB3 silence inhibited mammosphere formation. HMGB3 overexpression upregulated and HMGB3 silence downregulated Nanog, SOX2 and OCT-4 genes/proteins in MCF10A and MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively. HMGB3 silence reduced CD44+/CD24− levels in cancer cells. Silence of HMGB3 strengthened reductive effects of PTX on tumor sizes, iPSC biomarkers and mammosphere amounts in xenograft tumor mouse models. HMGB3 silence inhibited mammoshpere formation, cell proliferation and CD44+CD24− by interacting with HIF1α. Conclusion: HMGB3 silence could inhibit the cell proliferation in vitro and suppress tumor growth in vivo levels. The antitumor effects of HMGB3 silence were mediated by interacting with the HIF1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gu
- Department of Health Check-Up Center, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Health Check-Up Center, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin-Hua Huang
- Department of Health Check-Up Center, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu-Miao Zhang
- Department of Health Check-Up Center, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yan Chen
- Department of Health Check-Up Center, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, People's Republic of China
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116
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Figueroa CD, Molina L, Bhoola KD, Ehrenfeld P. Overview of tissue kallikrein and kallikrein-related peptidases in breast cancer. Biol Chem 2019; 399:937-957. [PMID: 29885274 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The kallikrein family comprises tissue kallikrein and 14 kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) recognized as a subgroup of secreted trypsin- or chymotrypsin-like serine proteases. KLKs are expressed in many cellular types where they regulate important physiological activities such as semen liquefaction, immune response, neural development, blood pressure, skin desquamation and tooth enamel formation. Tissue kallikrein, the oldest member and kinin-releasing enzyme, and KLK3/PSA, a tumor biomarker for prostate cancer are the most prominent components of the family. Additionally, other KLKs have shown an abnormal expression in neoplasia, particularly in breast cancer. Thus, increased levels of some KLKs may increase extracellular matrix degradation, invasion and metastasis; other KLKs modulate cell growth, survival and angiogenesis. On the contrary, KLKs can also inhibit angiogenesis and produce tumor suppression. However, there is a lack of knowledge on how KLKs are regulated in tumor microenvironment by molecules present at the site, namely cytokines, inflammatory mediators and growth factors. Little is known about the signaling pathways that control expression/secretion of KLKs in breast cancer, and further how activation of PAR receptors may contribute to functional activity in neoplasia. A better understanding of these molecular events will allow us to consider KLKs as relevant therapeutic targets for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos D Figueroa
- Laboratory of Cellular Pathology, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Luis Molina
- Department of Science, Universidad San Sebastián, sede De la Patagonia, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Kanti D Bhoola
- Laboratory of Cellular Pathology, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Pamela Ehrenfeld
- Laboratory of Cellular Pathology, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Centro de Investigaciones del Sistema Nervioso (CISNe), Valdivia, Chile, e-mail:
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117
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Lee S, Hallis SP, Jung KA, Ryu D, Kwak MK. Impairment of HIF-1α-mediated metabolic adaption by NRF2-silencing in breast cancer cells. Redox Biol 2019; 24:101210. [PMID: 31078780 PMCID: PMC6514540 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, a common element in the tumor environment, leads to Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) stabilization to modulate cellular metabolism as an adaptive response. In a previous study, we showed that inhibition of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-like-2 (NFE2L2; NRF2), a master regulator of many genes coping with electrophilic and oxidative stress, elevated the level of miR-181c and induced mitochondrial dysfunction in colon cancer cells. In this study, we demonstrate that NRF2-silencing hindered HIF-1α accumulation in hypoxic breast cancer cells and subsequently suppressed hypoxia-inducible expression of glycolysis-associated glucose transporter-1, hexokinase-2, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-1, and lactate dehydrogenase A. HIF-1α dysregulation in NRF2-silenced cancer cells was associated with miR-181c elevation. Overexpression of miR-181c in breast cancer cells blocked HIF-1α accumulation and diminished hypoxia-inducible levels of glycolysis enzymes, whereas the inhibition of miR-181c in NRF2-silenced cells restored HIF-1α accumulation. In a subsequent metabolomic analysis, hypoxic incubation increased the levels of metabolites involved in glycolysis and activated the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) in control cells. However, these elevations were less pronounced in NRF2-silenced cells. In particular, hypoxic incubation increased the levels of amino acids, which implies a shift to catabolic metabolism, and the increased levels were higher in control cells than in NRF2-silenced cells. Concurrently, hypoxia activated BCL2 interacting protein 3 (BNIP3)-mediated autophagy in the control cells and miR-181c was found to be involved in this autophagy activation. Taken together, these results show that hypoxia-induced metabolic changes to glycolysis, the PPP, and autophagy are inhibited by NRF2-silencing through miR-181c-mediated HIF-1α dysregulation. Therefore, targeting NRF2/miR-181c could be an effective strategy to counteract HIF-1α-orchestrated metabolic adaptation of hypoxic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Lee
- Department of Pharmacy and BK21PLUS Team for Creative Leader Program for Pharmacomics-based Future Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Steffanus Pranoto Hallis
- Department of Pharmacy and BK21PLUS Team for Creative Leader Program for Pharmacomics-based Future Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea; Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, 12930, Indonesia
| | - Kyeong-Ah Jung
- Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayoung Ryu
- Department of Pharmacy and BK21PLUS Team for Creative Leader Program for Pharmacomics-based Future Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kwak
- Department of Pharmacy and BK21PLUS Team for Creative Leader Program for Pharmacomics-based Future Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea; Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea.
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118
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Campbell EJ, Dachs GU, Morrin HR, Davey VC, Robinson BA, Vissers MCM. Activation of the hypoxia pathway in breast cancer tissue and patient survival are inversely associated with tumor ascorbate levels. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:307. [PMID: 30943919 PMCID: PMC6448303 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5503-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The transcription factor hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) -1 drives tumor growth and metastasis and is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer. Ascorbate can moderate HIF-1 activity in vitro and is associated with HIF pathway activation in a number of cancer types, but whether tissue ascorbate levels influence the HIF pathway in breast cancer is unknown. In this study we investigated the association between tumor ascorbate levels and HIF-1 activation and patient survival in human breast cancer. Methods In a retrospective analysis of human breast cancer tissue, we analysed primary tumor and adjacent uninvolved tissue from 52 women with invasive ductal carcinoma. We measured HIF-1α, HIF-1 gene targets CAIX, BNIP-3 and VEGF, and ascorbate content. Patient clinical outcomes were evaluated against these parameters. Results HIF-1 pathway proteins were upregulated in tumor tissue and increased HIF-1 activation was associated with higher tumor grade and stage, with increased vascular invasion and necrosis, and with decreased disease-free and disease-specific survival. Grade 1 tumors had higher ascorbate levels than did grade 2 or 3 tumors. Higher ascorbate levels were associated with less tumor necrosis, with lower HIF-1 pathway activity and with increased disease-free and disease-specific survival. Conclusions Our findings indicate that there is a direct correlation between intracellular ascorbate levels, activation of the HIF-1 pathway and patient survival in breast cancer. This is consistent with the known capacity of ascorbate to stimulate the activity of the regulatory HIF hydroxylases and suggests that optimisation of tumor ascorbate could have clinical benefit via modulation of the hypoxic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Campbell
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand.,Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
| | - Gabi U Dachs
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Helen R Morrin
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand.,Cancer Society Tissue Bank, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Valerie C Davey
- Christchurch Breast Cancer Patient Register, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Bridget A Robinson
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand.,Canterbury Regional Cancer and Haematology Service, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, and Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Margreet C M Vissers
- Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand.
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Hwang PY, Brenot A, King AC, Longmore GD, George SC. Randomly Distributed K14 + Breast Tumor Cells Polarize to the Leading Edge and Guide Collective Migration in Response to Chemical and Mechanical Environmental Cues. Cancer Res 2019; 79:1899-1912. [PMID: 30862718 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Collective cell migration is an adaptive, coordinated interactive process involving cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironmental interactions. A critical aspect of collective migration is the sensing and establishment of directional movement. It has been proposed that a subgroup of cells known as leader cells localize at the front edge of a collectively migrating cluster and are responsible for directing migration. However, it is unknown how and when leader cells arrive at the front edge and what environmental cues dictate leader cell development and behavior. Here, we addressed these questions by combining a microfluidic device design that mimics multiple tumor microenvironmental cues concurrently with biologically relevant primary, heterogeneous tumor cell organoids. Prior to migration, breast tumor leader cells (K14+) were present throughout a tumor organoid and migrated (polarized) to the leading edge in response to biochemical and biomechanical cues. Impairment of either CXCR4 (biochemical responsive) or the collagen receptor DDR2 (biomechanical responsive) abrogated polarization of leader cells and directed collective migration. This work demonstrates that K14+ leader cells utilize both chemical and mechanical cues from the microenvironment to polarize to the leading edge of collectively migrating tumors. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings demonstrate that pre-existing, randomly distributed leader cells within primary tumor organoids use CXCR4 and DDR2 to polarize to the leading edge and direct migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Y Hwang
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.,ICCE Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Audrey Brenot
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.,ICCE Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ashley C King
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.,ICCE Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Gregory D Longmore
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri. .,ICCE Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Steven C George
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California.
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120
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Deciphering the Molecular Mechanisms Sustaining the Estrogenic Activity of the Two Major Dietary Compounds Zearalenone and Apigenin in ER-Positive Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020237. [PMID: 30678243 PMCID: PMC6412274 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The flavone apigenin and the mycotoxin zearalenone are two major compounds found in the human diet which bind estrogen receptors (ERs), and therefore influence ER activity. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well known. To unravel the molecular mechanisms that could explain the differential effect of zearalenone and apigenin on ER-positive breast cancer cell proliferation, gene-reporter assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments, proliferation assays and transcriptomic analysis were performed. We found that zearalenone and apigenin transactivated ERs and promoted the expression of estradiol (E2)-responsive genes. However, zearalenone clearly enhanced cellular proliferation, while apigenin appeared to be antiestrogenic in the presence of E2 in both ER-positive breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and T47D. The transcriptomic analysis showed that both compounds regulate gene expression in the same way, but with differences in intensity. Two major sets of genes were identified; one set was linked to the cell cycle and the other set was linked to stress response and growth arrest. Our results show that the transcription dynamics in gene regulation induced by apigenin were somehow different with zearalenone and E2 and may explain the differential effect of these compounds on the phenotype of the breast cancer cell. Together, our results confirmed the potential health benefit effect of apigenin, while zearalenone appeared to be a true endocrine-disrupting compound.
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Bhandari V, Hoey C, Liu LY, Lalonde E, Ray J, Livingstone J, Lesurf R, Shiah YJ, Vujcic T, Huang X, Espiritu SMG, Heisler LE, Yousif F, Huang V, Yamaguchi TN, Yao CQ, Sabelnykova VY, Fraser M, Chua MLK, van der Kwast T, Liu SK, Boutros PC, Bristow RG. Molecular landmarks of tumor hypoxia across cancer types. Nat Genet 2019; 51:308-318. [PMID: 30643250 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0318-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Many primary-tumor subregions have low levels of molecular oxygen, termed hypoxia. Hypoxic tumors are at elevated risk for local failure and distant metastasis, but the molecular hallmarks of tumor hypoxia remain poorly defined. To fill this gap, we quantified hypoxia in 8,006 tumors across 19 tumor types. In ten tumor types, hypoxia was associated with elevated genomic instability. In all 19 tumor types, hypoxic tumors exhibited characteristic driver-mutation signatures. We observed widespread hypoxia-associated dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) across cancers and functionally validated miR-133a-3p as a hypoxia-modulated miRNA. In localized prostate cancer, hypoxia was associated with elevated rates of chromothripsis, allelic loss of PTEN and shorter telomeres. These associations are particularly enriched in polyclonal tumors, representing a constellation of features resembling tumor nimbosus, an aggressive cellular phenotype. Overall, this work establishes that tumor hypoxia may drive aggressive molecular features across cancers and shape the clinical trajectory of individual tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak Bhandari
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Informatics and Biocomputing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christianne Hoey
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lydia Y Liu
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Informatics and Biocomputing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emilie Lalonde
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Informatics and Biocomputing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica Ray
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julie Livingstone
- Informatics and Biocomputing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Lesurf
- Informatics and Biocomputing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yu-Jia Shiah
- Informatics and Biocomputing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tina Vujcic
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaoyong Huang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shadrielle M G Espiritu
- Informatics and Biocomputing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lawrence E Heisler
- Informatics and Biocomputing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fouad Yousif
- Informatics and Biocomputing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vincent Huang
- Informatics and Biocomputing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Takafumi N Yamaguchi
- Informatics and Biocomputing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cindy Q Yao
- Informatics and Biocomputing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Veronica Y Sabelnykova
- Informatics and Biocomputing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Fraser
- Informatics and Biocomputing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melvin L K Chua
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Stanley K Liu
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Informatics and Biocomputing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Institute for Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Robert G Bristow
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Health and Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. .,The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. .,CRUK Manchester Institute and Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Manchester, UK.
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Hypoxia Patterns in Primary and Metastatic Prostate Cancer Environments. Neoplasia 2019; 21:239-246. [PMID: 30639975 PMCID: PMC6327878 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic dissemination continues to be a major cause of prostate cancer (PCa) mortality, creating a compelling need to understand factors that play a role in the metastatic cascade. Since hypoxia plays an important role in PCa aggressiveness, we characterized patterns of hypoxia in the primary tumor and metastatic environments of a human PCa xenograft. We previously developed and characterized an imaging strategy based on the hypoxia response element (HRE)-driven expression of long-lived enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and short-lived luciferase (luc) fused to the oxygen-dependent degradation domain in human PCa PC-3 cells. Both reporter proteins were placed under the transcriptional control of a five-tandem repeat HRE sequence. PC-3 cells also constitutively expressed the tdTomato red fluorescent protein, allowing cancer cell detection in vivo. This "timer" strategy can provide information on the temporal evolution of HIF activity and hypoxia in tumors. Here, for the first time, we performed in vivo and ex vivo imaging of this dual HIF reporter system in PC-3 metastatic tumors implanted orthotopically in the prostate and PC-3 nonmetastatic tumors implanted subcutaneously. We observed distinct patterns of EGFP and luc expression in subcutaneous and orthotopic tumors, and in metastatic nodules, that provide new insights into the presence of hypoxia at primary and metastatic tumor sites, and of the role of hypoxia in metastasis.
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Wang RX, Ou XW, Kang MF, Zhou ZP. Association of HIF-1α and NDRG2 Expression with EMT in Gastric Cancer Tissues. Open Life Sci 2019; 14:217-223. [PMID: 33817155 PMCID: PMC7874826 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2019-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the differences in the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins in normal gastric tissues, gastric cancer tissues and lymph node metastasis. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of HIF-1α, NDRG2, E-cadherin, Snail and Twist in normal gastric tissues, gastric cancer tissues and lymph node metastasis. RESULTS In normal gastric tissues, HIF-1α was not expressed, NDRG2 was highly expressed. There was a significant between the expression of NDRG2 and Snail, as well as of NDRG2 and Twist. In gastric cancer tissues, there was no statistically difference between the expression of HIF-1α and E-cadherin, NDRG2 and E-cadherin. However, there was a significant difference in expression between the expression of HIF-1α and Snail, HIF-1α and Twist, NDRG2 and Snail, and NDRG2 and Twist. In lymph node metastasis tissues, we show that HIF-1α was highly expressed, while NDRG2 was not, and the difference between the expression of HIF-1α and E-cadherin, HIF-1α and Snail, HIF-1α and Twist was not significant. CONCLUSION HIF-1α may promote EMT, possibly by inhibiting the expression of NDRG2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Xiang Wang
- Clinical medical school of Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi, 541001, China
| | - Xia-Wan Ou
- Clinical medical school of Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi, 541001, China
| | - Ma-Fei Kang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi, 541001, China
| | - Zu-Ping Zhou
- Guangxi Normal University, College of Life Science; Stem Cells and Medical Biological Technology Key Laboratory of Guangxi Colleges and Universities, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
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Sambi M, Qorri B, Harless W, Szewczuk MR. Therapeutic Options for Metastatic Breast Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1152:131-172. [PMID: 31456183 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-20301-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer is the most common cancer in women after skin cancer, with a 5-year survival rate of 26%. Due to its high prevalence, it is important to develop therapies that go beyond those that just provide palliation of symptoms. Currently, there are several types of therapies available to help treat breast cancer including: hormone therapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy, with each one depending on both the location of metastases and morphological characteristics. Although technological and scientific advancements continue to pave the way for improved therapies that adopt a targeted and personalized approach, the fact remains that the outcomes of current first-line therapies have not significantly improved over the last decade. In this chapter, we review the current understanding of the pathology of metastatic breast cancer before thoroughly discussing local and systemic therapies that are administered to patients diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer. In addition, our review will also elaborate on the genetic profile that is characteristic of breast cancer as well as the local tumor microenvironment that shapes and promotes tumor growth and cancer progression. Lastly, we will present promising novel therapies being developed for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Sambi
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Bessi Qorri
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - Myron R Szewczuk
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
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125
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Praditi C, Prijanti AR, Jusman SW, Sadikin M. Relative hypoxia and oxidative stress in spleen lymphocytes of immunized Balb/c mice as indicated by HIF-1α, HIF-2α, Nrf2 expression, and glutathione peroxidase activity. MEDICAL JOURNAL OF INDONESIA 2018. [DOI: 10.13181/mji.v27i4.2152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lymphocytes activated by immunization must increase their metabolism to meet the energy requirements for mitosis, differentiation, and protein synthesis, which may subject the cell to conditions of relative hypoxia and oxidative stress. This study was conducted to investigate the increase in the levels of transcription factors involved in both conditions.Methods: Male Balb/c mice were divided into the following four groups, each consisting of six animals: the control and three experimental groups. The experimental groups were immunized by injection of 0.2 ml of 2% sheep red blood cells (SRBC) suspended in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Lymphocytes were harvested from the spleens of each group at time intervals of 24-, 48-, and 72-h post-immunization. The buffy coat from splenocytes was separated using Ficoll Histopaque as the medium. The lymphocytes were separated from adherent cells by incubating the purified splenocytes in microtubes for 2-h. Cells were lysed by three freeze–thaw cycles (−80°C and 37°C) and used to analyze the levels of HIF-1α and HIF-2α (mRNA and protein), Nrf2 (protein), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity.Results: The treatment caused an increase in GPx activity and HIF-1α protein concentration 24-h post-immunization, whereas the HIF-1α mRNA levels remained static. Elevated Nrf2 protein levels were detected within 48-h after treatment. Meanwhile, the HIF-2α mRNA and protein levels increased within72-h after immunization.Conclusion: Immunization with SRBC suspension induced relative hypoxia, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), and oxidative stress in the lymphocytes as indicated by the increase in both HIF-1α and HIF-2α protein and mRNA levels, GPx activity, and Nrf2 protein levels.
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126
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Ajith TA. Current insights and future perspectives of hypoxia-inducible factor-targeted therapy in cancer. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 30:11-18. [PMID: 30260792 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2017-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that are expressed in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. They are involved in the cellular adaptations by improving the metabolism of glucose and enhance the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor and angiopoietin, thereby they play a pivotal role in the angiogenesis. Hypoxia can increase the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B which promotes the pro-inflammatory status. Abnormally high angiogenesis, inflammation, antiapoptosis and anaerobic glycolysis can augment the progression and metastasis of tumor. Hence, HIFs remain one of the promising antiangiogenic agents as well as a direct target for interfering with the energetic of cancer cells in order to regulate the tumor growth. Previous studies found agents like topotecan, acriflavine and benzophenone-1B etc. to block the HIF-α mediated angiogenesis. The effect is mediated through interfering any one of the processes in the activation of HIF such as nuclear translocation of HIF-1α; dimerization of HIF-1α with β in the nucleus; HIF-1α/HIF-2α mediated induction of VEGF or translation of HIF-1α mRNA. Despite the experimental studies on the inhibitory molecules of HIFs, none of them are available for the clinical use. This review article discusses the recent update on the HIF-targeted therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thekkuttuparambil A Ajith
- Professor Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Amala Nagar, Thrissur-680 555, Kerala, India
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Al-Qassab Y, Grassilli S, Brugnoli F, Vezzali F, Capitani S, Bertagnolo V. Protective role of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) against hypoxia-induced malignant potential of non-invasive breast tumor derived cells. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1194. [PMID: 30497437 PMCID: PMC6267073 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5038-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The presence of hypoxic areas is common in all breast lesions but no data clearly correlate low oxygenation with the acquisition of malignant features by non-invasive cells, particularly by cells from ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), the most frequently diagnosed tumor in women. Methods By using a DCIS-derived cell line, we evaluated the effects of low oxygen availability on malignant features of non-invasive breast tumor cells and the possible role of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a well-known anti-leukemic drug, in counteracting the effects of hypoxia. The involvement of the β2 isoform of PI-PLC (PLC-β2), an ATRA target in myeloid leukemia cells, was also investigated by specific modulation of the protein expression. Results We demonstrated that moderate hypoxia is sufficient to induce, in DCIS-derived cells, motility, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and expression of the stem cell marker CD133, indicative of their increased malignant potential. Administration of ATRA supports the epithelial-like phenotype of DCIS-derived cells cultured under hypoxia and keeps down the number of CD133 positive cells, abrogating almost completely the effects of poor oxygenation. We also found that the mechanisms triggered by ATRA in non-invasive breast tumor cells cultured under hypoxia is in part mediated by PLC-β2, responsible to counteract the effects of low oxygen availability on CD133 levels. Conclusions Overall, we assigned to hypoxia a role in increasing the malignant potential of DCIS-derived cells and we identified in ATRA, currently used in treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), an agonist potentially useful in preventing malignant progression of non-invasive breast lesions showing hypoxic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasamin Al-Qassab
- Signal Transduction Unit, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.,College of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Silvia Grassilli
- Signal Transduction Unit, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Federica Brugnoli
- Signal Transduction Unit, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Federica Vezzali
- Signal Transduction Unit, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvano Capitani
- Signal Transduction Unit, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.,LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valeria Bertagnolo
- Signal Transduction Unit, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
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128
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López-Cortés A, Paz-Y-Miño C, Cabrera-Andrade A, Barigye SJ, Munteanu CR, González-Díaz H, Pazos A, Pérez-Castillo Y, Tejera E. Gene prioritization, communality analysis, networking and metabolic integrated pathway to better understand breast cancer pathogenesis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16679. [PMID: 30420728 PMCID: PMC6232116 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Consensus strategy was proved to be highly efficient in the recognition of gene-disease association. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to apply theoretical approaches to explore genes and communities directly involved in breast cancer (BC) pathogenesis. We evaluated the consensus between 8 prioritization strategies for the early recognition of pathogenic genes. A communality analysis in the protein-protein interaction (PPi) network of previously selected genes was enriched with gene ontology, metabolic pathways, as well as oncogenomics validation with the OncoPPi and DRIVE projects. The consensus genes were rationally filtered to 1842 genes. The communality analysis showed an enrichment of 14 communities specially connected with ERBB, PI3K-AKT, mTOR, FOXO, p53, HIF-1, VEGF, MAPK and prolactin signaling pathways. Genes with highest ranking were TP53, ESR1, BRCA2, BRCA1 and ERBB2. Genes with highest connectivity degree were TP53, AKT1, SRC, CREBBP and EP300. The connectivity degree allowed to establish a significant correlation between the OncoPPi network and our BC integrated network conformed by 51 genes and 62 PPi. In addition, CCND1, RAD51, CDC42, YAP1 and RPA1 were functional genes with significant sensitivity score in BC cell lines. In conclusion, the consensus strategy identifies both well-known pathogenic genes and prioritized genes that need to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés López-Cortés
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Mariscal Sucre Avenue, 170129, Quito, Ecuador.
- RNASA-IMEDIR, Computer Sciences Faculty, University of Coruna, 15071, Coruna, Spain.
| | - César Paz-Y-Miño
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Mariscal Sucre Avenue, 170129, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Alejandro Cabrera-Andrade
- Carrera de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de las Américas, Avenue de los Granados, 170125, Quito, Ecuador
- Grupo de Bio-Quimioinformática, Universidad de las Américas, Avenue de los Granados, 170125, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Stephen J Barigye
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Cristian R Munteanu
- RNASA-IMEDIR, Computer Sciences Faculty, University of Coruna, 15071, Coruna, Spain
- INIBIC, Institute of Biomedical Research, CHUAC, UDC, 15006, Coruna, Spain
| | - Humberto González-Díaz
- Department of Organic Chemistry II, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940, Leioa, Biscay, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011, Bilbao, Biscay, Spain
| | - Alejandro Pazos
- RNASA-IMEDIR, Computer Sciences Faculty, University of Coruna, 15071, Coruna, Spain
- INIBIC, Institute of Biomedical Research, CHUAC, UDC, 15006, Coruna, Spain
| | - Yunierkis Pérez-Castillo
- Grupo de Bio-Quimioinformática, Universidad de las Américas, Avenue de los Granados, 170125, Quito, Ecuador
- Escuela de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de las Américas, Avenue de los Granados, 170125, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Eduardo Tejera
- Grupo de Bio-Quimioinformática, Universidad de las Américas, Avenue de los Granados, 170125, Quito, Ecuador.
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de las Américas, Avenue de los Granados, 170125, Quito, Ecuador.
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Jin Q, Liu G, Li S, Yuan H, Yun Z, Zhang W, Zhang S, Dai Y, Ma Y. Decellularized breast matrix as bioactive microenvironment for in vitro three‐dimensional cancer culture. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:3425-3435. [PMID: 30387128 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University Hohhot Inner Mongolia China
- Department of Pathology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University Hohhot Inner Mongolia China
| | - Shubin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University Hohhot Inner Mongolia China
| | - Haihan Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics People's Hospital of Beijing Daxing District Beijing China
| | - Zhizhong Yun
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine Inner Mongolia Hospital Hohhot Inner Mongolia China
| | - Wenqi Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Wanna Medical School Wuhu China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Pathology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu China
| | - Yanfeng Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University Hohhot Inner Mongolia China
| | - Yuzhen Ma
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine Inner Mongolia Hospital Hohhot Inner Mongolia China
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130
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Kong Y, Yu T. A graph-embedded deep feedforward network for disease outcome classification and feature selection using gene expression data. Bioinformatics 2018; 34:3727-3737. [PMID: 29850911 PMCID: PMC6198851 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Gene expression data represents a unique challenge in predictive model building, because of the small number of samples (n) compared with the huge amount of features (p). This 'n≪p' property has hampered application of deep learning techniques for disease outcome classification. Sparse learning by incorporating external gene network information could be a potential solution to this issue. Still, the problem is very challenging because (i) there are tens of thousands of features and only hundreds of training samples, (ii) the scale-free structure of the gene network is unfriendly to the setup of convolutional neural networks. Results To address these issues and build a robust classification model, we propose the Graph-Embedded Deep Feedforward Networks (GEDFN), to integrate external relational information of features into the deep neural network architecture. The method is able to achieve sparse connection between network layers to prevent overfitting. To validate the method's capability, we conducted both simulation experiments and real data analysis using a breast invasive carcinoma RNA-seq dataset and a kidney renal clear cell carcinoma RNA-seq dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The resulting high classification accuracy and easily interpretable feature selection results suggest the method is a useful addition to the current graph-guided classification models and feature selection procedures. Availability and implementation The method is available at https://github.com/yunchuankong/GEDFN. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchuan Kong
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Tianwei Yu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
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131
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Montigaud Y, Ucakar B, Krishnamachary B, Bhujwalla ZM, Feron O, Préat V, Danhier F, Gallez B, Danhier P. Optimized acriflavine-loaded lipid nanocapsules as a safe and effective delivery system to treat breast cancer. Int J Pharm 2018; 551:322-328. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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132
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Dynamism, Sensitivity, and Consequences of Mesenchymal and Stem-Like Phenotype of Cancer Cells. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:4516454. [PMID: 30405720 PMCID: PMC6199882 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4516454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There are remarkable similarities in the description of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and cancer cells with mesenchymal phenotype. Both cell types are highly tumorigenic, resistant against common anticancer treatment, and thought to cause metastatic growth. Moreover, cancer cells are able to switch between CSC and non-CSC phenotypes and vice versa, to ensure the necessary balance within the tumor. Likewise, cancer cells can switch between epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes via well-described transition (EMT/MET) that is thought to be crucial for tumor propagation. In this review, we discuss whether, and to which extend, the CSCs and mesenchymal cancer cells are overlapping phenomena in terms of mechanisms, origin, and implication for cancer treatment. As well, we describe the dynamism of both phenotypes and involvement of the tumor microenvironment in CSC reversion and in EMT.
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133
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Kikutake C, Yoshihara M, Sato T, Saito D, Suyama M. Intratumor heterogeneity of HMCN1 mutant alleles associated with poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:33337-33347. [PMID: 30279964 PMCID: PMC6161790 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human breast cancers comprise a complex and highly heterogeneous population of tumor cells. Intratumor heterogeneity is an underlying cause of resistance to effective therapies and disease recurrence. To explore prognostic factors based on intratumor heterogeneity, we analyzed genomic mutations in breast cancer patients registered in The Cancer Genome Atlas. We calculated the variant allele frequency (VAF) at each mutation site and evaluated the associations of VAFs with the prognosis of breast cancer. VAFs of HMCN1 correlated with the prognosis and lymph node status. Although the detailed function of HMCN1 remains unknown, it is located in extracellular matrix and the mutation in the gene might be associated with cancer cell invasion and metastasis. This finding suggests that HMCN1 is a potential metastatic factor and can be a candidate gene for targeted breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Kikutake
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Minako Yoshihara
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Sato
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Daisuke Saito
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mikita Suyama
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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134
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Oudenaarden CRL, van de Ven RAH, Derksen PWB. Re-inforcing the cell death army in the fight against breast cancer. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:131/16/jcs212563. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.212563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Metastatic breast cancer is responsible for most breast cancer-related deaths. Disseminated cancer cells have developed an intrinsic ability to resist anchorage-dependent apoptosis (anoikis). Anoikis is caused by the absence of cellular adhesion, a process that underpins lumen formation and maintenance during mammary gland development and homeostasis. In healthy cells, anoikis is mostly governed by B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2) protein family members. Metastatic cancer cells, however, have often developed autocrine BCL2-dependent resistance mechanisms to counteract anoikis. In this Review, we discuss how a pro-apoptotic subgroup of the BCL2 protein family, known as the BH3-only proteins, controls apoptosis and anoikis during mammary gland homeostasis and to what extent their inhibition confers tumor suppressive functions in metastatic breast cancer. Specifically, the role of the two pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins BCL2-modifying factor (BMF) and BCL2-interacting mediator of cell death (BIM) will be discussed here. We assess current developments in treatment that focus on mimicking the function of the BH3-only proteins to induce apoptosis, and consider their applicability to restore normal apoptotic responses in anchorage-independent disseminating tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara R. L. Oudenaarden
- UMC Utrecht, Department of Pathology, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Lund University, Department of Experimental Oncology, Scheelevägen 2, 22363 Lund, Sweden
| | - Robert A. H. van de Ven
- UMC Utrecht, Department of Pathology, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Cell Biology, 250 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Patrick W. B. Derksen
- UMC Utrecht, Department of Pathology, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
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135
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Fry NJ, Law BA, Ilkayeva OR, Carraway KR, Holley CL, Mansfield KD. N 6-methyladenosine contributes to cellular phenotype in a genetically-defined model of breast cancer progression. Oncotarget 2018; 9:31231-31243. [PMID: 30131850 PMCID: PMC6101291 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mRNA modification N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is involved in many post-transcriptional regulatory processes including mRNA stability and translational efficiency. However, it is also imperative to correlate these processes with phenotypic outputs during cancer progression. Here we report that m6A levels are significantly decreased in genetically-defined immortalized and oncogenically-transformed human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs), as compared with their primary cell predecessor. Furthermore, the m6A methyltransferase (METTL3) is decreased and the demethylase (ALKBH5) is increased in the immortalized and transformed cell lines, providing a possible mechanism for this basal change in m6A levels. Although the immortalized and transformed cells showed lower m6A levels than their primary parental cell line, overexpression of METTL3 and METTL14, or ALKBH5 knockdown to increase m6A levels in transformed cells increased proliferation and migration. Remarkably, these treatments had little effect on the immortalized cells. Together, these results suggest that m6A modification may be downregulated in immortalized cells as a brake against malignant progression. Finally, we found that m6A levels in the immortalized and transformed cells increased in response to hypoxia without corresponding changes in METTL3, METTL14 or ALKBH5 expression, suggesting a novel pathway for regulation of m6A levels under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nate J Fry
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Brittany A Law
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Olga R Ilkayeva
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Kristen R Carraway
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | | | - Kyle D Mansfield
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
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136
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Crosstalk between Notch, HIF-1α and GPER in Breast Cancer EMT. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072011. [PMID: 29996493 PMCID: PMC6073901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway acts in both physiological and pathological conditions, including embryonic development and tumorigenesis. In cancer progression, diverse mechanisms are involved in Notch-mediated biological responses, including angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT). During EMT, the activation of cellular programs facilitated by transcriptional repressors results in epithelial cells losing their differentiated features, like cell–cell adhesion and apical–basal polarity, whereas they gain motility. As it concerns cancer epithelial cells, EMT may be consequent to the evolution of genetic/epigenetic instability, or triggered by factors that can act within the tumor microenvironment. Following a description of the Notch signaling pathway and its major regulatory nodes, we focus on studies that have given insights into the functional interaction between Notch signaling and either hypoxia or estrogen in breast cancer cells, with a particular focus on EMT. Furthermore, we describe the role of hypoxia signaling in breast cancer cells and discuss recent evidence regarding a functional interaction between HIF-1α and GPER in both breast cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). On the basis of these studies, we propose that a functional network between HIF-1α, GPER and Notch may integrate tumor microenvironmental cues to induce robust EMT in cancer cells. Further investigations are required in order to better understand how hypoxia and estrogen signaling may converge on Notch-mediated EMT within the context of the stroma and tumor cells interaction. However, the data discussed here may anticipate the potential benefits of further pharmacological strategies targeting breast cancer progression.
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137
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Hypoxia promotes breast cancer cell invasion through HIF-1α-mediated up-regulation of the invadopodial actin bundling protein CSRP2. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10191. [PMID: 29976963 PMCID: PMC6033879 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28637-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumours that promotes invasion and metastatic dissemination. Invadopodia are actin-rich membrane protrusions that direct extracellular matrix proteolysis and facilitate tumour cell invasion. Here, we show that CSRP2, an invadopodial actin bundling protein, is upregulated by hypoxia in various breast cancer cell lines, as well as in pre-clinical and clinical breast tumour specimens. We functionally characterized two hypoxia responsive elements within the proximal promoter of CSRP2 gene which are targeted by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and required for promoter transactivation in response to hypoxia. Remarkably, CSRP2 knockdown significantly inhibits hypoxia-stimulated invadopodium formation, ECM degradation and invasion in MDA-MB-231 cells, while CSRP2 forced expression was sufficient to enhance the invasive capacity of HIF-1α-depleted cells under hypoxia. In MCF-7 cells, CSRP2 upregulation was required for hypoxia-induced formation of invadopodium precursors that were unable to promote ECM degradation. Collectively, our data support that CSRP2 is a novel and direct cytoskeletal target of HIF-1 which facilitates hypoxia-induced breast cancer cell invasion by promoting invadopodia formation.
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138
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Wu J, Cao G, Sun X, Lee J, Rubin DL, Napel S, Kurian AW, Daniel BL, Li R. Intratumoral Spatial Heterogeneity at Perfusion MR Imaging Predicts Recurrence-free Survival in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. Radiology 2018; 288:26-35. [PMID: 29714680 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2018172462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To characterize intratumoral spatial heterogeneity at perfusion magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and investigate intratumoral heterogeneity as a predictor of recurrence-free survival (RFS) in breast cancer. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, a discovery cohort (n = 60) and a multicenter validation cohort (n = 186) were analyzed. Each tumor was divided into multiple spatially segregated, phenotypically consistent subregions on the basis of perfusion MR imaging parameters. The authors first defined a multiregional spatial interaction (MSI) matrix and then, based on this matrix, calculated 22 image features. A network strategy was used to integrate all image features and classify patients into different risk groups. The prognostic value of imaging-based stratification was evaluated in relation to clinical-pathologic factors with multivariable Cox regression. Results Three intratumoral subregions with high, intermediate, and low MR perfusion were identified and showed high consistency between the two cohorts. Patients in both cohorts were stratified according to network analysis of multiregional image features regarding RFS (log-rank test, P = .002 for both). Aggressive tumors were associated with a larger volume of the poorly perfused subregion as well as interaction between poorly and moderately perfused subregions and surrounding parenchyma. At multivariable analysis, the proposed MSI-based marker was independently associated with RFS (hazard ratio: 3.42; 95% confidence interval: 1.55, 7.57; P = .002) adjusting for age, estrogen receptor (ER) status, progesterone receptor status, human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) status, tumor volume, and pathologic complete response (pCR). Furthermore, imaging helped stratify patients for RFS within the ER-positive and HER2-positive subgroups (log-rank test, P = .007 and .004) and among patients without pCR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (log-rank test, P = .003). Conclusion Breast cancer consists of multiple spatially distinct subregions. Imaging heterogeneity is an independent prognostic factor beyond traditional risk predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wu
- From the Departments of Radiation Oncology (J.W., J.L., R.L.), Radiology (D.L.R., S.N., B.L.D.), Biomedical Data Science and Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research) (D.L.R.), Medicine (A.W.K.), and Health Research and Policy (A.W.K.) and the Stanford Cancer Institute (A.W.K., R.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, 1070 Arastradero Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304; Department of Radiology, International Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (G.C.); and Department of Radiation Therapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (X.S.)
| | - Guohong Cao
- From the Departments of Radiation Oncology (J.W., J.L., R.L.), Radiology (D.L.R., S.N., B.L.D.), Biomedical Data Science and Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research) (D.L.R.), Medicine (A.W.K.), and Health Research and Policy (A.W.K.) and the Stanford Cancer Institute (A.W.K., R.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, 1070 Arastradero Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304; Department of Radiology, International Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (G.C.); and Department of Radiation Therapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (X.S.)
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- From the Departments of Radiation Oncology (J.W., J.L., R.L.), Radiology (D.L.R., S.N., B.L.D.), Biomedical Data Science and Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research) (D.L.R.), Medicine (A.W.K.), and Health Research and Policy (A.W.K.) and the Stanford Cancer Institute (A.W.K., R.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, 1070 Arastradero Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304; Department of Radiology, International Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (G.C.); and Department of Radiation Therapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (X.S.)
| | - Juheon Lee
- From the Departments of Radiation Oncology (J.W., J.L., R.L.), Radiology (D.L.R., S.N., B.L.D.), Biomedical Data Science and Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research) (D.L.R.), Medicine (A.W.K.), and Health Research and Policy (A.W.K.) and the Stanford Cancer Institute (A.W.K., R.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, 1070 Arastradero Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304; Department of Radiology, International Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (G.C.); and Department of Radiation Therapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (X.S.)
| | - Daniel L Rubin
- From the Departments of Radiation Oncology (J.W., J.L., R.L.), Radiology (D.L.R., S.N., B.L.D.), Biomedical Data Science and Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research) (D.L.R.), Medicine (A.W.K.), and Health Research and Policy (A.W.K.) and the Stanford Cancer Institute (A.W.K., R.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, 1070 Arastradero Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304; Department of Radiology, International Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (G.C.); and Department of Radiation Therapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (X.S.)
| | - Sandy Napel
- From the Departments of Radiation Oncology (J.W., J.L., R.L.), Radiology (D.L.R., S.N., B.L.D.), Biomedical Data Science and Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research) (D.L.R.), Medicine (A.W.K.), and Health Research and Policy (A.W.K.) and the Stanford Cancer Institute (A.W.K., R.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, 1070 Arastradero Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304; Department of Radiology, International Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (G.C.); and Department of Radiation Therapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (X.S.)
| | - Allison W Kurian
- From the Departments of Radiation Oncology (J.W., J.L., R.L.), Radiology (D.L.R., S.N., B.L.D.), Biomedical Data Science and Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research) (D.L.R.), Medicine (A.W.K.), and Health Research and Policy (A.W.K.) and the Stanford Cancer Institute (A.W.K., R.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, 1070 Arastradero Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304; Department of Radiology, International Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (G.C.); and Department of Radiation Therapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (X.S.)
| | - Bruce L Daniel
- From the Departments of Radiation Oncology (J.W., J.L., R.L.), Radiology (D.L.R., S.N., B.L.D.), Biomedical Data Science and Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research) (D.L.R.), Medicine (A.W.K.), and Health Research and Policy (A.W.K.) and the Stanford Cancer Institute (A.W.K., R.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, 1070 Arastradero Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304; Department of Radiology, International Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (G.C.); and Department of Radiation Therapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (X.S.)
| | - Ruijiang Li
- From the Departments of Radiation Oncology (J.W., J.L., R.L.), Radiology (D.L.R., S.N., B.L.D.), Biomedical Data Science and Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research) (D.L.R.), Medicine (A.W.K.), and Health Research and Policy (A.W.K.) and the Stanford Cancer Institute (A.W.K., R.L.), Stanford University School of Medicine, 1070 Arastradero Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304; Department of Radiology, International Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (G.C.); and Department of Radiation Therapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (X.S.)
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139
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Abdul-Aziz AM, Shafat MS, Sun Y, Marlein CR, Piddock RE, Robinson SD, Edwards DR, Zhou Z, Collins A, Bowles KM, Rushworth SA. HIF1α drives chemokine factor pro-tumoral signaling pathways in acute myeloid leukemia. Oncogene 2018; 37:2676-2686. [PMID: 29487418 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0151-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 80% of patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) die as a consequence of failure to eradicate the tumor from the bone marrow microenvironment. We have recently shown that stroma-derived interleukin-8 (IL-8) promotes AML growth and survival in the bone marrow in response to AML-derived macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). In the present study we show that high constitutive expression of MIF in AML blasts in the bone marrow is hypoxia-driven and, through knockdown of MIF, HIF1α and HIF2α, establish that hypoxia supports AML tumor proliferation through HIF1α signaling. In vivo targeting of leukemic cell HIF1α inhibits AML proliferation in the tumor microenvironment through transcriptional regulation of MIF, but inhibition of HIF2α had no measurable effect on AML blast survival. Functionally, targeted inhibition of MIF in vivo improves survival in models of AML. Here we present a mechanism linking HIF1α to a pro-tumoral chemokine factor signaling pathway and in doing so, we establish a potential strategy to target AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina M Abdul-Aziz
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Manar S Shafat
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Yu Sun
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher R Marlein
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel E Piddock
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen D Robinson
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Dylan R Edwards
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Zhigang Zhou
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Collins
- Department of Haematology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Trust, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR4 7UY, United Kingdom
| | - Kristian M Bowles
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom.,Department of Haematology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Trust, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR4 7UY, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart A Rushworth
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom.
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140
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Bharti SK, Mironchik Y, Wildes F, Penet MF, Goggins E, Krishnamachary B, Bhujwalla ZM. Metabolic consequences of HIF silencing in a triple negative human breast cancer xenograft. Oncotarget 2018; 9:15326-15339. [PMID: 29632647 PMCID: PMC5880607 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is frequently encountered in tumors and results in the stabilization of hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs). These factors transcriptionally activate genes that allow cells to adapt to hypoxia. In cancers, hypoxia and HIFs have been associated with increased invasion, metastasis, and resistance to chemo and radiation therapy. Here we have characterized the metabolic consequences of silencing HIF-1α and HIF-2α singly or combined in MDA-MB-231 triple negative human breast cancer xenografts, using non-invasive proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (1H MRSI) of in vivo tumors, and high-resolution 1H MRS of tumor extracts. Tumors from all three sublines showed a significant reduction of growth rate. We identified new metabolic targets of HIF, and demonstrated the divergent consequences of silencing HIF-1α and HIF-2α individually on some of these targets. These data expand our understanding of the metabolic pathways regulated by HIFs that may provide new insights into the adaptive metabolic response of cancer cells to hypoxia. Such insights may lead to novel metabolism based therapeutic targets for triple negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K Bharti
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yelena Mironchik
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Flonne Wildes
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marie-France Penet
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eibhlin Goggins
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Balaji Krishnamachary
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zaver M Bhujwalla
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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141
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Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common solid childhood tumor outside the brain and causes 15% of childhood cancer-related mortality. The main drivers of NB formation are neural crest cell-derived sympathoadrenal cells that undergo abnormal genetic arrangements. Moreover, NB is a complex disease that has high heterogeneity and is therefore difficult to target for successful therapy. Thus, a better understanding of NB development helps to improve treatment and increase the survival rate. One of the major causes of sporadic NB is known to be MYCN amplification and mutations in ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) are responsible for familial NB. Many other genetic abnormalities can be found; however, they are not considered as driver mutations, rather they support tumor aggressiveness. Tumor cell elimination via cell death is widely accepted as a successful technique. Therefore, in this review, we provide a thorough overview of how different modes of cell death and treatment strategies, such as immunotherapy or spontaneous regression, are or can be applied for NB elimination. In addition, several currently used and innovative approaches and their suitability for clinical testing and usage will be discussed. Moreover, significant attention will be given to combined therapies that show more effective results with fewer side effects than drugs targeting only one specific protein or pathway.
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143
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DiGuilio KM, Valenzano MC, Rybakovsky E, Mullin JM. Cobalt chloride compromises transepithelial barrier properties of CaCo-2 BBe human gastrointestinal epithelial cell layers. BMC Gastroenterol 2018; 18:2. [PMID: 29304733 PMCID: PMC5756372 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-017-0731-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Elevation of the transcription factor HIF-1 is a prominent mediator of not only processes that accompany hypoxia, but also the tumor microenvironment and tissue regeneration. This study uses mediators of “chemical hypoxia” to ask the question whether HIF-1α elevation in a healthy epithelial cell layer leads to leakiness in its tight junctional seals. Methods Transepithelial electrical resistance and transepithelial diffusion of 14C–D-mannitol and other radiolabeled probes are used as indicators of transepithelial barrier function of CaCo-2 BBe human gastrointestinal epithelial cell layers cultured on permeable supports. Western immunoblot analyses of integral tight junctional proteins (occludin and claudins) are used as further indicators of barrier function change. Results Cobalt, an inhibitor of the prolyl hydroxylase enzymes governing HIF-1α breakdown in the cell, induces transepithelial leakiness in CaCo-2 BBe cell layers in a time and concentration-dependent manner. This increased leakiness is accompanied by significant changes in certain specific integral tight junctional (TJ) proteins such as a decreased level of occludin and increased level of claudin-5. Similar results regarding barrier function compromise also occur with other chemical inhibitors of HIF-1α breakdown, namely ciclopiroxolamine (CPX) and dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG). The increased leak is manifested by both decreased transepithelial electrical resistance (Rt) and increased paracellular diffusion of D-mannitol (Jm). The induced transepithelial leak shows significant size selectivity, consistent with induced effects on TJ permeability. Less-differentiated cell layers were significantly more affected than well-differentiated cell layers regarding induced transepithelial leak. A genetically modified CaCo-2 variant with reduced levels of HIF-1β, showed reduced transepithelial leak in response to cobalt exposure, further indicating that elevation of HIF-1α levels induced by agents of “chemical hypoxia” is responsible for the compromised barrier function of the CaCo-2 BBe cell layers. Conclusions Exposure to inducers of chemical hypoxia elevated HIF-1α levels and increased transepithelial leak. The degree of epithelial differentiation has significant effects on this action, possibly explaining the varying effects of HIF-1 modulation in epithelial and endothelial barrier function in different physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi: 10.1186/s12876-017-0731-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M DiGuilio
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA.,Present Address: Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, 4170 City Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19131, USA
| | - M C Valenzano
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA
| | - E Rybakovsky
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA
| | - J M Mullin
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA. .,Division of Gastroenterology, Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA.
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144
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Sandiford OA, Moore CA, Du J, Boulad M, Gergues M, Eltouky H, Rameshwar P. Human Aging and Cancer: Role of miRNA in Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1056:137-152. [PMID: 29754179 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-74470-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human aging is an inevitable and complex phenomenon characterized by a progressive, gradual degradation of physiological and cellular processes that leads from vulnerability to death. Mammalian somatic cells display limited proliferative properties in vitro that results in a process of permanent cell cycle arrest commonly known as senescence. Events leading to cellular senescence are complex but may be due to the increase in tumor suppressor genes, caused by lifetime somatic mutations. Cumulative mutation leaves an imprint on the genome of the cell, an important risk factor for the occurrence of cancer. Adults over the age of 65+ are vulnerable to age related diseases such as cancers but such changes may begin at middle age. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are small non-coding RNA, can regulate cancer progression, recurrence and metastasis. This chapter discusses the role of miRNA in tumor microenvironment, consequent to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleta A Sandiford
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers School of Biomedical Health Science, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Caitlyn A Moore
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers School of Biomedical Health Science, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Jun Du
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers School of Biomedical Health Science, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Mathieu Boulad
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers School of Biomedical Health Science, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Marina Gergues
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers School of Biomedical Health Science, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Hussam Eltouky
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers School of Biomedical Health Science, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers School of Biomedical Health Science, Newark, NJ, USA.
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145
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Goggins E, Kakkad S, Mironchik Y, Jacob D, Wildes F, Krishnamachary B, Bhujwalla ZM. Hypoxia Inducible Factors Modify Collagen I Fibers in MDA-MB-231 Triple Negative Breast Cancer Xenografts. Neoplasia 2017; 20:131-139. [PMID: 29247885 PMCID: PMC5884039 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that mediate the response of cells to hypoxia. HIFs have wide-ranging effects on metabolism, the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Here we investigated the silencing effects of two of the three known isoforms, HIF-1α and HIF-2α, on collagen 1 (Col1) fibers, which form a major component of the ECM of tumors. Using a loss-of-function approach for HIF-1α or 2α or both HIF-1α and 2α, we identified a relationship between HIFs and Col1 fibers in MDA-MB-231 tumors. Tumors derived from MDA-MB-231 cells with HIF-1α or 2α or both HIF-1α and 2α silenced contained higher percent fiber volume and lower inter-fiber distance compared to tumors derived from empty vector MDA-MB-231 cells. Depending upon the type of silencing, we observed changes in Col1 degrading enzymes, and enzymes involved in Col1 synthesis and deposition. Additionally, a reduction in lysyl oxidase protein expression in HIF-down-regulated tumors suggests that more non-cross-linked fibers were present. Collectively these results identify the role of HIFs in modifying the ECM and the TME and provide new insights into the effects of hypoxia on the tumor ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eibhlin Goggins
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, USA
| | - Samata Kakkad
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yelena Mironchik
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Desmond Jacob
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Flonne Wildes
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Balaji Krishnamachary
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Zaver M Bhujwalla
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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146
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Knox HJ, Hedhli J, Kim TW, Khalili K, Dobrucki LW, Chan J. A bioreducible N-oxide-based probe for photoacoustic imaging of hypoxia. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1794. [PMID: 29176550 PMCID: PMC5702603 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01951-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia occurs when limited oxygen supply impairs physiological functions and is a pathological hallmark of many diseases including cancer and ischemia. Thus, detection of hypoxia can guide treatment planning and serve as a predictor of patient prognosis. Unfortunately, current methods suffer from invasiveness, poor resolution and low specificity. To address these limitations, we present Hypoxia Probe 1 (HyP-1), a hypoxia-responsive agent for photoacoustic imaging. This emerging modality converts safe, non-ionizing light to ultrasound waves, enabling acquisition of high-resolution 3D images in deep tissue. HyP-1 features an N-oxide trigger that is reduced in the absence of oxygen by heme proteins such as CYP450 enzymes. Reduction of HyP-1 produces a spectrally distinct product, facilitating identification via photoacoustic imaging. HyP-1 exhibits selectivity for hypoxic activation in vitro, in living cells, and in multiple disease models in vivo. HyP-1 is also compatible with NIR fluorescence imaging, establishing its versatility as a multimodal imaging agent. Hypoxia is a hallmark of many diseases including cancer and ischemia, and detection can be invasive and of low resolution and specificity. Here the authors show a hypoxia probe that converts non-ionizing light to ultrasound, which enables the acquisition of high-resolution 3D images in deep tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailey J Knox
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jamila Hedhli
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W. Springfield Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Tae Wook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Kian Khalili
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Lawrence W Dobrucki
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W. Springfield Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jefferson Chan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA. .,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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147
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Chiou SH, Risca VI, Wang GX, Yang D, Grüner BM, Kathiria AS, Ma RK, Vaka D, Chu P, Kozak M, Castellini L, Graves EE, Kim GE, Mourrain P, Koong AC, Giaccia AJ, Winslow MM. BLIMP1 Induces Transient Metastatic Heterogeneity in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer Discov 2017; 7:1184-1199. [PMID: 28790031 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-17-0250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most metastatic and deadly cancers. Despite the clinical significance of metastatic spread, our understanding of molecular mechanisms that drive PDAC metastatic ability remains limited. By generating a genetically engineered mouse model of human PDAC, we uncover a transient subpopulation of cancer cells with exceptionally high metastatic ability. Global gene expression profiling and functional analyses uncovered the transcription factor BLIMP1 as a driver of PDAC metastasis. The highly metastatic PDAC subpopulation is enriched for hypoxia-induced genes, and hypoxia-mediated induction of BLIMP1 contributes to the regulation of a subset of hypoxia-associated gene expression programs. These findings support a model in which upregulation of BLIMP1 links microenvironmental cues to a metastatic stem cell character.Significance: PDAC is an almost uniformly lethal cancer, largely due to its tendency for metastasis. We define a highly metastatic subpopulation of cancer cells, uncover a key transcriptional regulator of metastatic ability, and define hypoxia as an important factor within the tumor microenvironment that increases metastatic proclivity. Cancer Discov; 7(10); 1184-99. ©2017 AACR.See related commentary by Vakoc and Tuveson, p. 1067This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1047.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Heng Chiou
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Viviana I Risca
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Gordon X Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Dian Yang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Barbara M Grüner
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Arwa S Kathiria
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Rosanna K Ma
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Dedeepya Vaka
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Pauline Chu
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Margaret Kozak
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Laura Castellini
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Edward E Graves
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Grace E Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Philippe Mourrain
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Albert C Koong
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Amato J Giaccia
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Monte M Winslow
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. .,Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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148
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Multispectral optoacoustic tomography of the human breast: characterisation of healthy tissue and malignant lesions using a hybrid ultrasound-optoacoustic approach. Eur Radiol 2017; 28:602-609. [PMID: 28786007 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-017-5002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) represents a new in vivo imaging technique with high resolution (~250 μm) and tissue penetration (>1 cm) using the photoacoustic effect. While ultrasound contains anatomical information for lesion detection, MSOT provides functional information based on intrinsic tissue chromophores. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of combined ultrasound/MSOT imaging of breast cancer in patients compared to healthy volunteers. METHODS Imaging was performed using a handheld MSOT system for clinical use in healthy volunteers (n = 6) and representative patients with histologically confirmed invasive breast carcinoma (n = 5) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS, n = 2). MSOT values for haemoglobin and oxygen saturation were assessed at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 cm depth and selected wavelengths between 700 and 850 nm. RESULTS Reproducible signals were obtained in all wavelengths with consistent MSOT signals in superficial tissue in breasts of healthy individuals. In contrast, we found increased signals for haemoglobin in invasive carcinoma, suggesting a higher perfusion of the tumour and tumour environment. For DCIS, MSOT values showed only little variation compared to healthy tissue. CONCLUSIONS This preliminary MSOT breast imaging study provided stable, reproducible data on tissue composition and physiological properties, potentially enabling differentiation of solid malignant and healthy tissue. KEY POINTS • A handheld MSOT probe enables real-time molecular imaging of the breast. • MSOT of healthy controls provides a reproducible reference for pathology identification. • MSOT parameters allows for differentiation of invasive carcinoma and healthy tissue.
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149
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Wei Z, Shan Y, Tao L, Liu Y, Zhu Z, Liu Z, Wu Y, Chen W, Wang A, Lu Y. Diallyl trisulfides, a natural histone deacetylase inhibitor, attenuate HIF-1α synthesis, and decreases breast cancer metastasis. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:2317-2331. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghong Wei
- School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Yunlong Shan
- School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Li Tao
- Department of Pharmacy; College of Medicine, Yangzhou University; Yang zhou Jiangsu province China
| | - Yuping Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Zhijie Zhu
- School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Zhaoguo Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Wenxing Chen
- School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Aiyun Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Yin Lu
- School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
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150
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Lecomte S, Chalmel F, Ferriere F, Percevault F, Plu N, Saligaut C, Surel C, Lelong M, Efstathiou T, Pakdel F. Glyceollins trigger anti-proliferative effects through estradiol-dependent and independent pathways in breast cancer cells. Cell Commun Signal 2017; 15:26. [PMID: 28666461 PMCID: PMC5493871 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-017-0182-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Estrogen receptors (ER) α and β are found in both women and men in many tissues, where they have different functions, including having roles in cell proliferation and differentiation of the reproductive tract. In addition to estradiol (E2), a natural hormone, numerous compounds are able to bind ERs and modulate their activities. Among these compounds, phytoestrogens such as isoflavones, which are found in plants, are promising therapeutics for several pathologies. Glyceollins are second metabolites of isoflavones that are mainly produced in soybean in response to an elicitor. They have potentially therapeutic actions in breast cancer by reducing the proliferation of cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanisms driving these effects remain elusive. Methods First, to determine the proliferative or anti-proliferative effects of glyceollins, in vivo and in vitro approaches were used. The length of epithelial duct in mammary gland as well as uterotrophy after treatment by E2 and glyceollins and their effect on proliferation of different breast cell line were assessed. Secondly, the ability of glyceollin to activate ER was assessed by luciferase assay. Finally, to unravel molecular mechanisms involved by glyceollins, transcriptomic analysis was performed on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Results In this study, we show that synthetic versions of glyceollin I and II exert anti-proliferative effects in vivo in mouse mammary glands and in vitro in different ER-positive and ER-negative breast cell lines. Using transcriptomic analysis, we produce for the first time an integrated view of gene regulation in response to glyceollins and reveal that these phytochemicals act through at least two major pathways. One pathway involving FOXM1 and ERα is directly linked to proliferation. The other involves the HIF family and reveals that stress is a potential factor in the anti-proliferative effects of glyceollins due to its role in increasing the expression of REDD1, an mTORC1 inhibitor. Conclusion Overall, our study clearly shows that glyceollins exert anti-proliferative effects by reducing the expression of genes encoding cell cycle and mitosis-associated factors and biomarkers overexpressed in cancers and by increasing the expression of growth arrest-related genes. These results reinforce the therapeutic potential of glyceollins for breast cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12964-017-0182-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Lecomte
- Institut de Recherche en Santé-Environnement-Travail (IRSET), University of Rennes 1, 9 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35000, Rennes, France.,Inserm U1085, Team Transcription, Environment and Cancer, 9 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Frederic Chalmel
- Institut de Recherche en Santé-Environnement-Travail (IRSET), University of Rennes 1, 9 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35000, Rennes, France.,Inserm U1085, Team Viral and Chemical Environment & Reproduction, 9 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - François Ferriere
- Institut de Recherche en Santé-Environnement-Travail (IRSET), University of Rennes 1, 9 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35000, Rennes, France.,Inserm U1085, Team Transcription, Environment and Cancer, 9 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Frederic Percevault
- Institut de Recherche en Santé-Environnement-Travail (IRSET), University of Rennes 1, 9 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35000, Rennes, France.,Inserm U1085, Team Transcription, Environment and Cancer, 9 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Nicolas Plu
- Laboratoire Nutrinov, Technopole Atalante Champeaux, 8 rue Jules Maillard de la Gournerie, 35012, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Christian Saligaut
- Institut de Recherche en Santé-Environnement-Travail (IRSET), University of Rennes 1, 9 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35000, Rennes, France.,Inserm U1085, Team Transcription, Environment and Cancer, 9 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Claire Surel
- Laboratoire Nutrinov, Technopole Atalante Champeaux, 8 rue Jules Maillard de la Gournerie, 35012, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Marie Lelong
- Institut de Recherche en Santé-Environnement-Travail (IRSET), University of Rennes 1, 9 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35000, Rennes, France.,Inserm U1085, Team Transcription, Environment and Cancer, 9 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Theo Efstathiou
- Laboratoire Nutrinov, Technopole Atalante Champeaux, 8 rue Jules Maillard de la Gournerie, 35012, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Farzad Pakdel
- Institut de Recherche en Santé-Environnement-Travail (IRSET), University of Rennes 1, 9 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35000, Rennes, France. .,Inserm U1085, Team Transcription, Environment and Cancer, 9 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35000, Rennes, France.
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