101
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Multidrug resistance crisis during COVID-19 pandemic: Role of anti-microbial peptides as next-generation therapeutics. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 211:112303. [PMID: 34952285 PMCID: PMC8685351 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The decreasing effectiveness of conventional drugs due to multidrug-resistance is a major challenge for the scientific community, necessitating development of novel antimicrobial agents. In the present era of coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) pandemic, patients are being widely exposed to antimicrobial drugs and hence the problem of multidrug-resistance shall be aggravated in the days to come. Consequently, revisiting the phenomena of multidrug resistance leading to formulation of effective antimicrobial agents is the need of the hour. As a result, this review sheds light on the looming crisis of multidrug resistance in wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. It highlights the problem, significance and approaches for tackling microbial resistance with special emphasis on anti-microbial peptides as next-generation therapeutics against multidrug resistance associated diseases. Antimicrobial peptides exhibit exceptional mechanism of action enabling rapid killing of microbes at low concentration, antibiofilm activity, immunomodulatory properties along with a low tendency for resistance development providing them an edge over conventional antibiotics. The review is unique as it discusses the mode of action, pharmacodynamic properties and application of antimicrobial peptides in areas ranging from therapeutics to agriculture.
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102
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Exploration of the Structure-Function Relationships of a Novel Frog Skin Secretion-Derived Bioactive Peptide, t-DPH1, through Use of Rational Design, Cationicity Enhancement and In Vitro Studies. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10121529. [PMID: 34943741 PMCID: PMC8698721 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10121529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Amphibian skin-derived antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have attracted increasing attention from scientists because of their excellent bioactivity and low drug resistance. In addition to being the alternative choice of antibiotics or anticancer agents, natural AMPs can also be modified as templates to optimise their bioactivities further. Here, a novel dermaseptin peptide, t-DPH1, with extensive antimicrobial activity and antiproliferative activity, was isolated from the skin secretion of Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis through 'shotgun' cloning. A series of cationicity-enhanced analogues of t-DPH1 were designed to further improve its bioactivities and explore the charge threshold of enhancing the bioactivity of t-DPH1. The present data suggest that improving the net charge can enhance the bioactivities to some extent. However, when the charge exceeds a specific limit, the bioactivities decrease or remain the same. When the net charge achieves the limit, improving the hydrophobicity makes no sense to enhance bioactivity. For t-DPH1, the upper limit of the net charge was +7. All the designed cationicity-enhanced analogues produced no drug resistance in the Gram-negative bacterium, Escherichia coli. These findings provide creative insights into the role of natural drug discovery in providing templates for structural modification for activity enhancement.
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103
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Alsayari A, Asiri YI, Muhsinah AB, Hassan MZ. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of aryldiazenyl/arylhydrazono pyrazoles. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/17475198211057461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report the design, synthesis, and in vitro antimicrobial evaluation of functionalized pyrazoles containing a hydrazono/diazenyl moiety. Among these newly synthesized derivatives, 4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)hydrazono]-5-methyl-2-[2-(naphthalen-2-yloxy)acetyl]-2,4-dihydro-3 H-pyrazol-3-one is a promising antimicrobial agent against Staphylococcus aureus (minimum inhibitory concentration 0.19 μg mL−1). Structure–activity relationship studies reveal that the electronic environment on the distal phenyl ring has a considerable effect on the antimicrobial potential of the hybrid analogues. Molecular docking studies into the active site of S. aureus dihydrofolate reductase also prove the usefulness of hybridizing a pyrazole moiety with azo and hydrazo groups in the design of new antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrhman Alsayari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya I Asiri
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullatif Bin Muhsinah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd. Zaheen Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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104
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Han Y, Zhang M, Lai R, Zhang Z. Chemical modifications to increase the therapeutic potential of antimicrobial peptides. Peptides 2021; 146:170666. [PMID: 34600037 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The continued use of antibiotics has been accompanied by the rapid emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also known as host defense peptides, show multiple features as an ideal antimicrobial agent, including potent, rapid, and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, low promotion of antimicrobial resistance, potent anti-biofilm activity, and lethality against metabolically inactive microorganisms. However, several crucial drawbacks constrain the use of AMPs as clinical drugs, e.g., liability in vivo, toxicity when used systemically, and high production costs. Based on recent findings and our own experiences, here we summarize some chemical modifications and key design strategies to increase the therapeutic potential of AMPs, including 1) enhancing antimicrobial activities, 2) improving in vivo effectiveness, and 3) reduction in toxicity, which may facilitate the design and optimization of AMPs for the development of drug candidates. We also discuss the present challenges in the optimization of AMPs and future concerns about the resistance and cross-resistance to AMPs in the development of AMPs as therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, 650223 Yunnan, China
| | - Manli Zhang
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, The Second Part of First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 Jilin Province, China
| | - Ren Lai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, 650223 Yunnan, China
| | - Zhiye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, 650223 Yunnan, China.
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105
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Lin B, Li R, Handley TN, Wade JD, Li W, O’Brien-Simpson NM. Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides Are Leading the Way to Combat Oropathogenic Infections. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:2959-2970. [PMID: 34587737 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oral dental infections are one of the most common diseases affecting humans, with caries and periodontal disease having the highest incidence. Caries and periodontal disease arise from infections caused by oral bacterial pathogens. Current misuse and overuse of antibiotic treatments have led to the development of antimicrobial resistance. However, recent studies have shown that cationic antimicrobial peptides are a promising family of antibacterial agents that are active against oral pathogenic bacteria and also possess less propensity for development of antimicrobial resistance. This timely Review has a focus on two primary subjects: (i) the oral bacterial pathogens associated with dental infections and (ii) the current development of antimicrobial peptides targeting oral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Lin
- The Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, Melbourne Dental School, Centre for Oral Health Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Rong Li
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry & Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Thomas N.G. Handley
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - John D. Wade
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Wenyi Li
- The Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, Melbourne Dental School, Centre for Oral Health Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Neil M. O’Brien-Simpson
- The Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, Melbourne Dental School, Centre for Oral Health Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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106
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Etayash H, Hancock REW. Host Defense Peptide-Mimicking Polymers and Polymeric-Brush-Tethered Host Defense Peptides: Recent Developments, Limitations, and Potential Success. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1820. [PMID: 34834239 PMCID: PMC8621177 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphiphilic antimicrobial polymers have attracted considerable interest as structural mimics of host defense peptides (HDPs) that provide a broad spectrum of activity and do not induce bacterial-drug resistance. Likewise, surface engineered polymeric-brush-tethered HDP is considered a promising coating strategy that prevents infections and endows implantable materials and medical devices with antifouling and antibacterial properties. While each strategy takes a different approach, both aim to circumvent limitations of HDPs, enhance physicochemical properties, therapeutic performance, and enable solutions to unmet therapeutic needs. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in each approach, spotlight the fundamental principles, describe current developments with examples, discuss benefits and limitations, and highlight potential success. The review intends to summarize our knowledge in this research area and stimulate further work on antimicrobial polymers and functionalized polymeric biomaterials as strategies to fight infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert E. W. Hancock
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2259 Lower Mall Research Station, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada;
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107
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Li R, Wang X, Bian C, Gao Z, Zhang Y, Jiang W, Wang M, You X, Cheng L, Pan X, Yang J, Shi Q. Whole-Genome Sequencing of Sinocyclocheilus maitianheensis Reveals Phylogenetic Evolution and Immunological Variances in Various Sinocyclocheilus Fishes. Front Genet 2021; 12:736500. [PMID: 34675964 PMCID: PMC8523889 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.736500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
An adult Sinocyclocheilus maitianheensis, a surface-dwelling golden-line barbel fish, was collected from Maitian river (Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China) for whole-genome sequencing, assembly, and annotation. We obtained a genome assembly of 1.7 Gb with a scaffold N50 of 1.4 Mb and a contig N50 of 24.7 kb. A total of 39,977 protein-coding genes were annotated. Based on a comparative phylogenetic analysis of five Sinocyclocheilus species and other five representative vertebrates with published genome sequences, we found that S. maitianheensis is close to Sinocyclocheilus anophthalmus (a cave-restricted species with similar locality). Moreover, the assembled genomes of S. maitianheensis and other four Sinocyclocheilus counterparts were used for a fourfold degenerative third-codon transversion (4dTv) analysis. The recent whole-genome duplication (WGD) event was therefore estimated to occur about 18.1 million years ago. Our results also revealed a decreased tendency of copy number in many important genes related to immunity and apoptosis in cave-restricted Sinocyclocheilus species. In summary, we report the first genome assembly of S. maitianheensis, which provides a valuable genetic resource for comparative studies on cavefish biology, species protection, and practical aquaculture of this potentially economical fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihan Li
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Fish Breeding, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Chao Bian
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zijian Gao
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Fish Breeding, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Wansheng Jiang
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Chinese Giant Salamander's Resource Protection and Comprehensive Utilization, and Key Laboratory of Hunan Forest and Chemical Industry Engineering, Jishou University, Zhangjiajie, China
| | - Mo Wang
- Key Laboratory for Conserving Wildlife with Small Populations in Yunnan, Faculty of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Xinxin You
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Xiaofu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Fish Breeding, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Junxing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Fish Breeding, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Qiong Shi
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen, China
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108
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S S, Muraleedharan UD. Cationic Clitoria ternatea Seed Peptide as a Potential Novel Bioactive Molecule. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:1259-1271. [PMID: 34551687 DOI: 10.2174/0929866528666210922124735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While several biologics have been reported from different parts of Clitoria ternatea, a herbaceous climber of the family Fabaceae, specific production of cationic peptides other than cyclotides (<3.7 kDa) has barely been investigated or their bioactive potential looked into. OBJECTIVE To uncover potential bioactivities and characteristics of novel cationic peptides from C. ternatea seeds. METHODS C. ternatea seed cationic peptide purified by simple and cost-effective procedures was analyzed by electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial efficacy was evaluated against bacterial and fungal pathogens. Antioxidant potential was quantified by in vitro antioxidant assays. Physicochemical characterization and Tandem mass spectrometry were performed. RESULTS An 8.5 kDa cationic peptide purified from C. ternatea seeds was active against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Aeromonas hydrophila and Escherichia coli at a minimum inhibitory concentration in the range of 8-32 μg/ml. This activity was totally uncompromised at pH 5-8 or after 1 h of heat treatment at 70-80 ºC, but was sensitive to protease treatment. Concentration-dependent free-radical scavenging activity and ferric-reducing capacity demonstrated the antioxidant potential of the peptide. Tandem MS analysis of trypsin-digested peptide based on shotgun proteomics detected matching peptide sequences with one or two cysteine residues but had low sequence coverage (≤17%) to known sequences in the C. ternatea protein database. Taken together, the distinct characteristics of this novel 8.5 kDa peptide clearly distinguishes it from known cyclotides of C. ternatea. CONCLUSIONS Insights have been obtained into the functional characteristics of what appears to be a novel cationic peptide from C. ternatea seeds, exhibiting significant antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreekala S
- Department of Biotechnology, Goa University, Goa - 403 206. India
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109
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Alternatives to Fight Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococci and Enterococci. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10091116. [PMID: 34572698 PMCID: PMC8471638 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gram positive pathogens are a significant cause of healthcare-associated infections, with Staphylococci and Enterococci being the most prevalent ones. Vancomycin, a last resort glycopeptide, is used to fight these bacteria but the emergence of resistance against this drug leaves some patients with few therapeutic options. To counter this issue, new generations of antibiotics have been developed but resistance has already been reported. In this article, we review the strategies in place or in development to counter vancomycin-resistant pathogens. First, an overview of traditional antimicrobials already on the market or in the preclinical or clinical pipeline used individually or in combination is summarized. The second part focuses on the non-traditional antimicrobials, such as antimicrobial peptides, bacteriophages and nanoparticles. The conclusion is that there is hitherto no substitute equivalent to vancomycin. However, promising strategies based on drugs with multiple mechanisms of action and treatments based on bacteriophages possibly combined with conventional antibiotics are hoped to provide treatment options for vancomycin-resistant Gram-positive pathogens.
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110
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Immunomodulatory Responses of Two Synthetic Peptides against Salmonella Typhimurium Infection. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185573. [PMID: 34577046 PMCID: PMC8466354 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro assays of phagocytic activity showed that the peptide Pin2[G] stimulates phagocytosis in BMDM cells from 0.15 to 1.25 μg/mL, and in RAW 264.7 cells at 0.31 μg/mL. In the same way, the peptide FA1 induced phagocytosis in BMDM cells from 1.17 to 4.69 μg/mL and in RAW 264.7 cells at 150 μg/mL. Cytokine profiles of uninfected RAW 264.7 showed that Pin2[G] increased liberation TNF (from 1.25 to 10 μg/mL) and MCP-1 (10 μg/mL), and FA1 also increased the release of TNF (from 18.75 to 75 μg/mL) but did not increase the liberation of MCP-1. In RAW 264.7 macrophages infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, the expression of TNF increases with Pin2[G] (1.25–10 μg/mL) or FA1 (18.75–75 μg/mL). In these cells, FA1 also increases the expression of IL-12p70, IL-10 and IFN-γ when applied at concentrations of 37.5, 75 and 150 μg/mL, respectively. On the other hand, stimulation with 1.25 and 10 μg/mL of Pin2[G] promotes the expression of MCP-1 and IL-12p70, respectively. Finally, peptides treatment did not resolve murine gastric infection, but improves their physical condition. Cytokine profiles showed that FA1 reduces IFN-γ and MCP-1 but increases IL-10, while Pin2[G] reduces IFN-γ but increases the liberation of IL-6 and IL-12p70. This data suggests a promising activity of FA1 and Pin2[G] as immunomodulators of gastric infections in S. Typhimurium.
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111
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Zhang QY, Yan ZB, Meng YM, Hong XY, Shao G, Ma JJ, Cheng XR, Liu J, Kang J, Fu CY. Antimicrobial peptides: mechanism of action, activity and clinical potential. Mil Med Res 2021; 8:48. [PMID: 34496967 PMCID: PMC8425997 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-021-00343-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of bacterial infections is becoming a major clinical challenge due to the rapid evolution of antibiotic resistant bacteria. As an excellent candidate to overcome antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that are produced from the synthetic and natural sources demonstrate a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with the high specificity and low toxicity. These peptides possess distinctive structures and functions by employing sophisticated mechanisms of action. This comprehensive review provides a broad overview of AMPs from the origin, structural characteristics, mechanisms of action, biological activities to clinical applications. We finally discuss the strategies to optimize and develop AMP-based treatment as the potential antimicrobial and anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Yu Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, No. 928, Street 2, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Yan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, No. 928, Street 2, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue-Ming Meng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, No. 928, Street 2, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Hong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, No. 928, Street 2, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Shao
- Department of Oncology, The 903rd Hospital of PLA, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun-Jie Ma
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, No. 928, Street 2, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xu-Rui Cheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, No. 928, Street 2, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, 555 Mission Bay Blvd. South, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Jian Kang
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Cai-Yun Fu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, No. 928, Street 2, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China.
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112
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Luo X, Ouyang J, Wang Y, Zhang M, Fu L, Xiao N, Gao L, Zhang P, Zhou J, Wang Y. A novel anionic cathelicidin lacking direct antimicrobial activity but with potent anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities from the salamander Tylototriton kweichowensis. Biochimie 2021; 191:37-50. [PMID: 34438004 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cathelicidin is a family of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) existing in vertebrates, which play multiple functions in host responses against environmental stresses. All cathelicidins identified to date are cationic, no anionic member with net negative charges has been reported. In the present study, a novel anionic cathelicidin (TK-CATH) with a net charge of -3 was identified from the skin of the salamander, T. kweichowensis. Unlike most other cathelicidin members, it didn't exhibit direct antimicrobial activity. However, it demonstrated strong anti-inflammatory activity. It effectively inhibited the LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression and protein production in amphibian leukocytes and mouse macrophages by inhibiting the LPS-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Besides, TK-CATH showed potent wound healing activity. It could effectively induce the production of several cytokines, chemokines and growth factors relating to wound healing, promote the motility and proliferation of keratinocytes, and accelerate the skin wound healing in a mouse full-thickness wound model. These results imply that TK-CATH participates in both the inflammatory phase and new tissue formation phase of wound repair process. Meanwhile, TK-CATH exhibited weak but effective free radical scavenging activity and low cytotoxicity. All the results above indicate that TK-CATH is a multifunctional peptide in the skin of the salamander T. kweichowensis. It may play important roles in host immune responses against bacterial infection and skin wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanjin Luo
- Biology Department, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China
| | - Jianhong Ouyang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Biology Department, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ning Xiao
- Guiyang Nursing Vacational College, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou, China
| | - Lianghui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China
| | - Jiang Zhou
- Biology Department, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China.
| | - Yipeng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
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113
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Valdez-Miramontes CE, De Haro-Acosta J, Aréchiga-Flores CF, Verdiguel-Fernández L, Rivas-Santiago B. Antimicrobial peptides in domestic animals and their applications in veterinary medicine. Peptides 2021; 142:170576. [PMID: 34033877 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are molecules with a broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses. These peptides are widely distributed in insects, amphibians and mammals. Indeed, they are key molecules of the innate immune system with remarkable antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activity. Besides, these peptides have also shown regulatory activity for gut microbiota and have been considered inductors of growth performance. The current review describes the updated findings of antimicrobial peptides in domestic animals, such as bovines, goats, sheep, pigs, horses, canines and felines, analyzing the most relevant aspects of their use as potential therapeutics and their applications in Veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Valdez-Miramontes
- Academic Unit of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico.
| | - Jeny De Haro-Acosta
- Medical Research Unit-Zacatecas, Mexican Institute for Social Security- IMSS, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - C F Aréchiga-Flores
- Academic Unit of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - L Verdiguel-Fernández
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Veterinary, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico
| | - B Rivas-Santiago
- Medical Research Unit-Zacatecas, Mexican Institute for Social Security- IMSS, Zacatecas, Mexico
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Samgina TY, Vasileva ID, Kovalev SV, Trebse P, Torkar G, Surin AK, Zubarev RA, Lebedev AT. Differentiation of Central Slovenian and Moscow populations of Rana temporaria frogs using peptide biomarkers of temporins family. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:5333-5347. [PMID: 34235566 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03506-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Skin secretion represents the only means of defense for the majority of frog species. That phenomenon is based on the fact that the main components of the secretion are peptides demonstrating greatly varying types of bioactivity. They fulfill regulatory functions, fight microorganisms and may be even helpful against predators. These peptides are considered to be rather promising pharmaceuticals of future generation as according to the present knowledge microorganisms are unlikely to develop resistance to them. Mass spectrometry sequencing of these peptides is the most efficient first step of their study providing reliably their primary structures, i.e., amino acids sequence and S-S bond motif. Besides discovering new bioactive peptides, mass spectrometry appears to be an efficient tool of taxonomy studies, allowing for distinguishing not only between closely related species, but also between populations of the same species. Application of several tandem mass spectrometry tools (CID, HCD, ETD, EThcD) available with Orbitrap mass analyzer allowed us to obtain full sequence of about 60 peptides in the secretion of Slovenian population of brown ranid frog Rana temporaria. The problem of sequence inside C-terminal cycle formed by two Cys and differentiation of isomeric Leu and Ile residues was done in top-down mode without any derivatization steps. Besides general biomarkers of Rana temporaria species, Central Slovenian population of Rana temporaria demonstrates six novel temporins and one brevinin 1, which may be treated as biomarkers of that population.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yu Samgina
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - I D Vasileva
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - S V Kovalev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - P Trebse
- University of Ljubljana Faculty of Health Sciences, Zdravstvena pot 5, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - G Torkar
- Department for Biology, Chemistry and Home Economics, University of Ljubljana Faculty of Education, Kardeljeva ploščad 16, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - A K Surin
- Pushchino Branch, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Nauki 6, Pushchino, Moscow, 142290, Russia
| | - R A Zubarev
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Molecular Biometry, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Pharmacological & Technological Chemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119146, Russia
| | - A T Lebedev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
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115
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El-Dirany R, Shahrour H, Dirany Z, Abdel-Sater F, Gonzalez-Gaitano G, Brandenburg K, Martinez de Tejada G, Nguewa PA. Activity of Anti-Microbial Peptides (AMPs) against Leishmania and Other Parasites: An Overview. Biomolecules 2021; 11:984. [PMID: 34356608 PMCID: PMC8301979 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-microbial peptides (AMPs), small biologically active molecules, produced by different organisms through their innate immune system, have become a considerable subject of interest in the request of novel therapeutics. Most of these peptides are cationic-amphipathic, exhibiting two main mechanisms of action, direct lysis and by modulating the immunity. The most commonly reported activity of AMPs is their anti-bacterial effects, although other effects, such as anti-fungal, anti-viral, and anti-parasitic, as well as anti-tumor mechanisms of action have also been described. Their anti-parasitic effect against leishmaniasis has been studied. Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease. Currently among parasitic diseases, it is the second most threating illness after malaria. Clinical treatments, mainly antimonial derivatives, are related to drug resistance and some undesirable effects. Therefore, the development of new therapeutic agents has become a priority, and AMPs constitute a promising alternative. In this work, we describe the principal families of AMPs (melittin, cecropin, cathelicidin, defensin, magainin, temporin, dermaseptin, eumenitin, and histatin) exhibiting a potential anti-leishmanial activity, as well as their effectiveness against other microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima El-Dirany
- ISTUN Instituto de Salud Tropical, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain;
- Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath 1003, Lebanon; (H.S.); (F.A.-S.)
| | - Hawraa Shahrour
- Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath 1003, Lebanon; (H.S.); (F.A.-S.)
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain;
| | - Zeinab Dirany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Navarra, 31080 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; (Z.D.); (G.G.-G.)
| | - Fadi Abdel-Sater
- Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath 1003, Lebanon; (H.S.); (F.A.-S.)
| | - Gustavo Gonzalez-Gaitano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Navarra, 31080 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; (Z.D.); (G.G.-G.)
| | - Klaus Brandenburg
- Brandenburg Antiinfektiva GmbH, c/o Forschungszentrum Borstel, Leibniz Lungenzentrum, 23845 Borstel, Germany;
| | - Guillermo Martinez de Tejada
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain;
| | - Paul A. Nguewa
- ISTUN Instituto de Salud Tropical, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain;
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Lima WG, Brito JCM, de Lima ME, Pizarro ACST, Vianna MAMDM, de Paiva MC, de Assis DCS, Cardoso VN, Fernandes SOA. A short synthetic peptide, based on LyeTx I from Lycosa erythrognatha venom, shows potential to treat pneumonia caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii without detectable resistance. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2021; 74:425-434. [PMID: 33972716 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-021-00421-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, especially carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), together with relative stagnation in the development of effective antibiotics, has led to enormous health and economic problems. In this study, we aimed to describe the antibacterial spectrum of LyeTx I mnΔK, a short synthetic peptide based on LyeTx I from Lycosa erythrognatha venom, against CRAB. LyeTx I mnΔK showed considerable antibacterial activity against extensively resistant A. baumannii, with minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations ranging from 1 to 16 µM and 2 to 32 µM, respectively. This peptide significantly increased the release of 260 nm-absorbing intracellular material from CRAB, suggesting bacteriolysis. LyeTx I mnΔK was shown to act synergistically with meropenem and colistin against CRAB. The cytotoxic concentration of LyeTx I mnΔK against Vero cells (CC50 = 55.31 ± 5.00 µM) and its hemolytic activity (HC50 = 77.07 ± 4.00 µM) were considerably low; however, its antibacterial activity was significantly reduced in the presence of human and animal serum and trypsin. Nevertheless, the inhalation of this peptide was effective in reducing pulmonary bacterial load in a mouse model of CRAB infection. Altogether, these results demonstrate that the peptide LyeTx I mnΔK is a potential prototype for the development of new effective and safe antibacterial agents against CRAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Gustavo Lima
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Maria Elena de Lima
- Faculdade Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Senso de Medicina e Biomedicina, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Magna Cristina de Paiva
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico Laboratorial e Microbiologia Clínica, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Valbert Nascimento Cardoso
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Simone Odília Antunes Fernandes
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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117
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Gómez-Pérez D, Chaudhry V, Kemen A, Kemen E. Amyloid Proteins in Plant-Associated Microbial Communities. Microb Physiol 2021; 31:88-98. [PMID: 34107493 DOI: 10.1159/000516014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Amyloids have proven to be a widespread phenomenon rather than an exception. Many proteins presenting the hallmarks of this characteristic beta sheet-rich folding have been described to date. Particularly common are functional amyloids that play an important role in the promotion of survival and pathogenicity in prokaryotes. Here, we describe important developments in amyloid protein research that relate to microbe-microbe and microbe-host interactions in the plant microbiome. Starting with biofilms, which are a broad strategy for bacterial persistence that is extremely important for plant colonization. Microbes rely on amyloid-based mechanisms to adhere and create a protective coating that shelters them from external stresses and promotes cooperation. Another strategy generally carried out by amyloids is the formation of hydrophobic surface layers. Known as hydrophobins, these proteins coat the aerial hyphae and spores of plant pathogenic fungi, as well as certain bacterial biofilms. They contribute to plant virulence through promoting dissemination and infectivity. Furthermore, antimicrobial activity is an interesting outcome of the amyloid structure that has potential application in medicine and agriculture. There are many known antimicrobial amyloids released by animals and plants; however, those produced by bacteria or fungi remain still largely unknown. Finally, we discuss amyloid proteins with a more indirect mode of action in their host interactions. These include virulence-promoting harpins, signaling transduction that functions through amyloid templating, and root nodule bacteria proteins that promote plant-microbe symbiosis. In summary, amyloids are an interesting paradigm for their many functional mechanisms linked to bacterial survival in plant-associated microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ariane Kemen
- ZMBP/IMIT, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eric Kemen
- ZMBP/IMIT, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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118
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Wang J, Wang L. Novel therapeutic interventions towards improved management of septic arthritis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:530. [PMID: 34107951 PMCID: PMC8191206 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04383-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Septic arthritis (SA) represents a medical emergency that needs immediate diagnosis and urgent treatment. Despite aggressive treatment and rapid diagnosis of the causative agent, the mortality and lifelong disability, associated with septic arthritis remain high as close to 11%. Moreover, with the rise in drug resistance, the rates of failure of conventional antibiotic therapy have also increased. Among the etiological agents frequently isolated from cases of septic arthritis, Staphylococcus aureus emerges as a dominating pathogen, and to worsen, the rise in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates in bone and joint infections is worrisome. MRSA associated cases of septic arthritis exhibit higher mortality, longer hospital stay, and higher treatment failure with poorer clinical outcomes as compared to cases caused by the sensitive strain i.e methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). In addition to this, equal or even greater damage is imposed by the exacerbated immune response mounted by the patient’s body in a futile attempt to eradicate the bacteria. The antibiotic therapy may not be sufficient enough to control the progression of damage to the joint involved thus, adding to higher mortality and disability rates despite the prompt and timely start of treatment. This situation implies that efforts and focus towards studying/understanding new strategies for improved management of sepsis arthritis is prudent and worth exploring. The review article aims to give a complete insight into the new therapeutic approaches studied by workers lately in this field. To the best of our knowledge studies highlighting the novel therapeutic strategies against septic arthritis are limited in the literature, although articles on pathogenic mechanism and choice of antibiotics for therapy, current treatment algorithms followed have been discussed by workers in the past. The present study presents and discusses the new alternative approaches, their mechanism of action, proof of concept, and work done so far towards their clinical success. This will surely help to enlighten the researchers with comprehensive knowledge of the new interventions that can be used as an adjunct therapy along with conventional treatment protocol for improved success rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Nursing, The Third Hospital of Jinan, Shandong Province, Jinan, 250132, China.
| | - Liucai Wang
- Hand and Foot Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, 250000, China
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119
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Shi S, Shen T, Liu Y, Chen L, Wang C, Liao C. Porcine Myeloid Antimicrobial Peptides: A Review of the Activity and Latest Advances. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:664139. [PMID: 34055951 PMCID: PMC8160099 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.664139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional antibiotics have made great contributions to human health and animal husbandry since the discovery of penicillin in 1928, but bacterial resistance and drug residues are growing threats to global public health due to the long-term uncontrolled application of antibiotics. There is a critical need to develop new antimicrobial drugs to replace antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are distributed in all kingdoms of life, presenting activity against pathogens as well as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities; consequently, they have prospects as new potential alternatives to antibiotics. Porcine myeloid antimicrobial peptides (PMAPs), the porcine cathelicidin family of AMPs, have been reported in the literature in recent years. PMAPs have become an important research topic due to their strong antibacterial activity. This review focuses on the universal trends in the biochemical parameters, structural characteristics and biological activities of PMAPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaibing Shi
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Tengfei Shen
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yongqing Liu
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Liangliang Chen
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Chen Wang
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Chengshui Liao
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology/Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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120
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Xu Y, Wang W, Li Z, Wang Y, Cai Y, Chen Y. Effects of healthcare failure mode and effect analysis on the prevention of multi-drug resistant organisms infections in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:3674-3681. [PMID: 34017550 PMCID: PMC8129338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Care models of Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) were evaluated for the prevention of multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO) infections in oral and maxillofacial surgery. METHODS Two hundred patients who received oral and maxillofacial surgery from January to December 2017 were enrolled as the control group, and another 200 patients who received oral and maxillofacial surgery from January to December 2018 were enrolled as the FMEA group. The incidence of MDRO, the implementation of preventive and control measures, the mastery of preventive and control knowledge, and oral self-care ability were compared between the two groups. Risk Priority Number (RPN) and behavioral changes of health care personnel were observed in FMEA group. RESULTS The FMEA group had a lower incidence of MDRO (2.00%) than the control group (6.00%) and a higher rate of acquisition of prevention and control knowledge (93.00%) than the control group (84.50%) (P < 0.05). Patients in FMEA group were higher than those in the control group in terms of compliance towards isolation signs and precautions, appropriate use of PPE, implementation of disinfection measures, hand hygiene and exercise of self-care agency (ESCA) scale scores (P < 0.05). The total RPN score of the FMEA group before and after management was 1384 and 180, respectively, and the reduction rate of total RPN scores was 86.99%. Scores with regard to knowledge, attitude, and behavior of health care personnel were increased after FMEA treatment (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The nursing model of FMEA for oral and maxillofacial surgery can prevent MDRO infections, reduce RPN, improve the implementation of preventive and control measures as well as oral self-care ability and the acquisition of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilian Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Wenzhen Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Zemeng Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yage Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yuhua Cai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Youhong Chen
- Outpatient Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
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121
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Samgina TY, Tolpina MD, Surin AK, Kovalev SV, Bosch RA, Alonso IP, Garcia FA, Gonzalez Lopez LJ, Lebedev AT. Manual mass spectrometry de novo sequencing of the anionic host defense peptides of the Cuban Treefrog Osteopilus septentrionalis. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e9061. [PMID: 33527491 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Host defense peptides accumulated in the skin glands of the animals constitute the basis of the adaptive and immune system of amphibians. The peptidome of the Cuban frog Osteopilus septentrionalis was established using tandem mass spectrometry as the best analytical tool to elucidate the sequence of these peptides. METHODS Manual interpretation of complementary collision-induced dissociation (CID), higher energy collision-induced dissociation (HCD), and electron transfer dissociation (ETD) tandem mass spectra recorded with an Orbitrap Elite mass spectrometer in liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) mode was used to sequence the peptide components of the frog skin secretion, obtained by mild electrostimulation. RESULTS Although the vast majority of amphibian peptides discovered so far are cationic, surprisingly only anionic peptides were identified in the skin secretion of the Cuban frog Osteopilus septentrionalis. Mass spectrometry allowed the sequences to be established of 16 representatives of new peptide families: septenins 1 and septenins 2. The highest sequence coverage when dealing with these anionic peptides was obtained with CID normalized collision energy 35 and HCD normalized collision energy 28. CONCLUSIONS Mirror-symmetrical peptides are sequenced using N-terminal acetylation. Acetylated Ser is reliably distinguished from isomeric Glu by the loss of ketene from b-ions containing the corresponding residue. Calculations of the physicochemical and structural properties of the discovered anionic septenins 1 and 2 allowed the mechanism of their interaction with microbe cells to be postulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Y Samgina
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/3, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Maria D Tolpina
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/3, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Alexey K Surin
- Pushchino Branch, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Nauki 6, Pushchino, Moscow, 142290, Russia
| | - Sergey V Kovalev
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/3, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Roberto Alonso Bosch
- Museum of Natural History "Felipe Poey", Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Isel Pascual Alonso
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | | | - Luis Javier Gonzalez Lopez
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Proteomics, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, PO Box 6162, Havana, Cuba
| | - Albert T Lebedev
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/3, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Tummanapalli SS, Willcox MD. Antimicrobial resistance of ocular microbes and the role of antimicrobial peptides. Clin Exp Optom 2021; 104:295-307. [PMID: 32924208 DOI: 10.1111/cxo.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolation of antimicrobial-resistant microbes from ocular infections may be becoming more frequent. Infections caused by these microbes can be difficult to treat and lead to poor outcomes. However, new therapies are being developed which may help improve clinical outcomes. This review examines recent reports on the isolation of antibiotic-resistant microbes from ocular infections. In addition, an overview of the development of some new antibiotic therapies is given. The recent literature regarding antibiotic use and resistance, isolation of antibiotic-resistant microbes from ocular infections and the development of potential new antibiotics that can be used to treat these infections was reviewed. Ocular microbial infections are a global public health issue as they can result in vision loss which compromises quality of life. Approximately 70 per cent of ocular infections are caused by bacteria including Chlamydia trachomatis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and fungi such as Candida albicans, Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp. Resistance to first-line antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones and azoles has increased, with resistance of S. aureus isolates from the USA to fluoroquinolones reaching 32 per cent of isolates and 35 per cent being methicillin-resistant (MRSA). Lower levels of MRSA (seven per cent) were isolated by an Australian study. Antimicrobial peptides, which are broad-spectrum alternatives to antibiotics, have been tested as possible new drugs. Several have shown promise in animal models of keratitis, especially treating P. aeruginosa, S. aureus or C. albicans infections. Reports of increasing resistance of ocular isolates to mainstay antibiotics are a concern, and there is evidence that for ocular surface disease this resistance translates into worse clinical outcomes. New antibiotics are being developed, but not by large pharmaceutical companies and mostly in university research laboratories and smaller biotech companies. Antimicrobial peptides show promise in treating keratitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark Dp Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Wang Y, Ouyang J, Luo X, Zhang M, Jiang Y, Zhang F, Zhou J, Wang Y. Identification and characterization of novel bi-functional cathelicidins from the black-spotted frog (Pelophylax nigromaculata) with both anti-infective and antioxidant activities. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 116:103928. [PMID: 33242568 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cathelicidins are an important family of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which play pivotal roles in vertebrate immune responses against microbial infections. They are regarded as potential drug leads for the development of novel antimicrobial agents and three related drugs have been developed into clinical trials. Thus, it is meaningful to identify more cathelicidins from vertebrate species. Cathelicidins from ranid frogs possess special structural characteristics and activities, but to date only 12 ranid frog cathelicidins have been identified. In the present study, two novel cathelicidins (PN-CATH1 and 2) were identified from the black-spotted frog, Pelophylax nigromaculata. PN-CATHs possess low sequence similarity with the known cathelicidins. They exhibited moderate, but broad-spectrum and rapid antimicrobial activities against the tested bacteria. They kill bacteria by mainly inducing bacterial membrane disruption and possibly generating intracellular ROS formation. They also possess potent anti-biofilm and persister cell killing activity, indicating their potential in combating infections induced by biofilms-forming bacteria. Besides direct antimicrobial activity, they exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity by effectively inhibiting the LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in mouse macrophages, which could be partly ascribed to their direct LPS-neutralizing ability. Furthermore, PN-CATHs demonstrated powerful in vitro free radical scavenging activities. Ultraviolet radiation significantly increased their in vivo gene expression in frog skin. Meanwhile, they possess weak cytotoxic activity and extremely low hemolytic activity. PN-CATHs represent the first discovery of cathelicidins family AMPs with both potent anti-infective and antioxidant activities. The discovery of PN-CATHs provides potential peptide leads for the development of novel anti-infective and antioxidant drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Biology Department, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550000, China
| | - Jianhong Ouyang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Xuanjin Luo
- Biology Department, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550000, China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Biology Department, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550000, China
| | - Fen Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jiang Zhou
- Biology Department, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550000, China.
| | - Yipeng Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
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Potent intracellular antibacterial activity of a marine peptide-N6NH 2 and its D-enantiomer against multidrug-resistant Aeromonas veronii. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:2351-2361. [PMID: 33635357 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11176-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Aeromonas veronii can cause a variety of diseases such as sepsis in humans and animals. However, there has been no effective way to eradicate A. veronii. In this study, the intracellular antibacterial activities of the C-terminal aminated marine peptide N6 (N6NH2) and its D-enantiomer (DN6NH2) against A. veronii were investigated in macrophages and in mice, respectively. The result showed that DN6NH2 with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.62 μM is more resistant to cathepsin B than N6NH2 (3.23 μM). The penetration percentages of the cells treated with 4-200 μg/mL fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-DN6NH2 were 52.5-99.6%, higher than those of FITC-N6NH2 (27.0-99.1%). Both N6NH2 and DN6NH2 entered macrophages by macropinocytosis and an energy-dependent manner. DN6NH2 reduced intracellular A. veronii by 34.57%, superior to N6NH2 (19.52%). After treatment with 100 μg/mL DN6NH2, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β were reduced by 53.45%, 58.54%, and 44.62%, respectively, lower than those of N6NH2 (15.65%, 12.88%, and 14.10%, respectively); DN6NH2 increased the IL-10 level (42.94%), higher than N6NH2 (7.67%). In the mice peritonitis model, 5 μmol/kg DN6NH2 reduced intracellular A. veronii colonization by 73.22%, which was superior to N6NH2 (32.45%) or ciprofloxacin (45.67%). This suggests that DN6NH2 may be used as the candidate for treating intracellular multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. veronii. KEY POINTS: • DN6NH2 improved intracellular antibacterial activity against MDR A. veronii. • DN6NH2 entered macrophages by micropinocytosis and enhanced the internalization rates. • DN6NH2 effectively protected the mice from infection with A. veronii.
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Zhang Q, Yang N, Mao R, Hao Y, Ma X, Teng D, Fan H, Wang J. A recombinant fungal defensin-like peptide-P2 combats Streptococcus dysgalactiae and biofilms. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:1489-1504. [PMID: 33534018 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11135-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus dysgalactiae, considered one of the main pathogens that causes bovine mastitis, is a serious threat to humans and animals. However, the excessive use of antibiotics and the characteristic of S. dysgalactiae forming biofilms in mastitic teat canal have serious clinical implications. In this study, in vivo and in vitro multiple mechanisms of action of P2, a mutant of fungal defensin plectasin, against S. dysgalactiae were systematically and comprehensively investigated for the first time. P2 showed potent antibacterial activity against S. dysgalactiae (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC = 0.23-0.46 μM) and rapid bactericidal action by 3.0 lg units reduction in 2-4 h. No resistant mutants appeared after 30-d serial passage of S. dysgalactiae in the presence of P2. The results of electron microscopy and flow cytometer showed that P2 induced membrane damage of S. dysgalactiae, causing the leakage of cellular content and eventually cell death. Besides, P2 effectively inhibited early biofilm formation, eradicated mature biofilms, and killed 99.9% persisters which were resistant to 100 × MIC vancomycin; and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) also revealed the potent antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of P2 (the thickness of biofilm reduced from 18.82 to 7.94 μm). The in vivo therapeutic effect of P2 in mouse mastitis model showed that it decreased the number of mammary bacteria and alleviated breast inflammation by regulating cytokines and inhibiting bacterial proliferation, which were superior to vancomycin. These data indicated that P2 maybe a potential candidate peptide for mastitis treatment of S. dysgalactiae infections. KEY POINTS: •P2 showed potential in vitro antibacterial characteristics towards S. dysgalactiae. •P2 eradicated biofilms, killed persisters, and induced cell death of S. dysgalactiae. •P2 could effectively protect mice from S. dysgalactiae infection in gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjuan Zhang
- Team of AMP & Alternatives to Antibiotics, Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China.,Tianjin Animal Science and Veterinary Research Institute, Tianjin, 300381, China.,College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Na Yang
- Team of AMP & Alternatives to Antibiotics, Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ruoyu Mao
- Team of AMP & Alternatives to Antibiotics, Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ya Hao
- Team of AMP & Alternatives to Antibiotics, Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xuanxuan Ma
- Team of AMP & Alternatives to Antibiotics, Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Da Teng
- Team of AMP & Alternatives to Antibiotics, Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China. .,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Huan Fan
- Tianjin Animal Science and Veterinary Research Institute, Tianjin, 300381, China.
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Team of AMP & Alternatives to Antibiotics, Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China. .,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Koeninger L, Osbelt L, Berscheid A, Wendler J, Berger J, Hipp K, Lesker TR, Pils MC, Malek NP, Jensen BAH, Brötz-Oesterhelt H, Strowig T, Jan Wehkamp. Curbing gastrointestinal infections by defensin fragment modifications without harming commensal microbiota. Commun Biol 2021; 4:47. [PMID: 33420317 PMCID: PMC7794397 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01582-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence and spread of multidrug-resistant pathogens, especially bacteria from the ESKAPE panel, increases the risk to succumb to untreatable infections. We developed a novel antimicrobial peptide, Pam-3, with antibacterial and antibiofilm properties to counter this threat. The peptide is based on an eight-amino acid carboxyl-terminal fragment of human β-defensin 1. Pam-3 exhibited prominent antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens and additionally eradicated already established biofilms in vitro, primarily by disrupting membrane integrity of its target cell. Importantly, prolonged exposure did not result in drug-resistance to Pam-3. In mouse models, Pam-3 selectively reduced acute intestinal Salmonella and established Citrobacter infections, without compromising the core microbiota, hence displaying an added benefit to traditional broad-spectrum antibiotics. In conclusion, our data support the development of defensin-derived antimicrobial agents as a novel approach to fight multidrug-resistant bacteria, where Pam-3 appears as a particularly promising microbiota-preserving candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Koeninger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Lisa Osbelt
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- ESF International Graduate School on Analysis, Imaging and Modelling of Neuronal and Inflammatory Processes, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anne Berscheid
- Department for Microbial Bioactive Compounds, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Judith Wendler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Berger
- Max-Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Electron Microscopy, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Hipp
- Max-Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Electron Microscopy, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Till R Lesker
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marina C Pils
- Mouse Pathology and Histology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Nisar P Malek
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin A H Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Human Genomics and Metagenomics in Metabolism, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Heike Brötz-Oesterhelt
- Department for Microbial Bioactive Compounds, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence - Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Till Strowig
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence - Resolving Infection Susceptibility, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Wehkamp
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence - Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections, Tübingen, Germany
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127
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Abstract
Understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying particular adaptations/phenotypes of organisms is one of the core issues of evolutionary biology. The use of genomic data has greatly advanced our understandings on this issue, as well as other aspects of evolutionary biology, including molecular adaptation, speciation, and even conservation of endangered species. Despite the well-recognized advantages, usages of genomic data are still limited to non-mammal vertebrate groups, partly due to the difficulties in assembling large or highly heterozygous genomes. Although this is particularly the case for amphibians, nonetheless, several comparative and population genomic analyses have shed lights into the speciation and adaptation processes of amphibians in a complex landscape, giving a promising hope for a wider application of genomics in the previously believed challenging groups of organisms. At the same time, these pioneer studies also allow us to realize numerous challenges in studying the molecular adaptations and/or phenotypic evolutionary mechanisms of amphibians. In this review, we first summarize the recent progresses in the study of adaptive evolution of amphibians based on genomic data, and then we give perspectives regarding how to effectively identify key pathways underlying the evolution of complex traits in the genomic era, as well as directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Bo Sun
- Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China. E-mail:
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.,Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History and Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73072, USA
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128
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Kurpe SR, Grishin SY, Surin AK, Panfilov AV, Slizen MV, Chowdhury SD, Galzitskaya OV. Antimicrobial and Amyloidogenic Activity of Peptides. Can Antimicrobial Peptides Be Used against SARS-CoV-2? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9552. [PMID: 33333996 PMCID: PMC7765370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, much attention is paid to the use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) of natural and artificial origin to combat pathogens. AMPs have several points that determine their biological activity. We analyzed the structural properties of AMPs, as well as described their mechanism of action and impact on pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Recently published data on the development of new AMP drugs based on a combination of molecular design and genetic engineering approaches are presented. In this article, we have focused on information on the amyloidogenic properties of AMP. This review examines AMP development strategies from the perspective of the current high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and the potential prospects and challenges of using AMPs against infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav R. Kurpe
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (S.R.K.); (S.Y.G.); (A.K.S.); (A.V.P.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Sergei Yu. Grishin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (S.R.K.); (S.Y.G.); (A.K.S.); (A.V.P.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Alexey K. Surin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (S.R.K.); (S.Y.G.); (A.K.S.); (A.V.P.); (M.V.S.)
- The Branch of the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 142279 Obolensk, Russia
| | - Alexander V. Panfilov
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (S.R.K.); (S.Y.G.); (A.K.S.); (A.V.P.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Mikhail V. Slizen
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (S.R.K.); (S.Y.G.); (A.K.S.); (A.V.P.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Saikat D. Chowdhury
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India;
| | - Oxana V. Galzitskaya
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (S.R.K.); (S.Y.G.); (A.K.S.); (A.V.P.); (M.V.S.)
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
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129
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Changes in the Ultrastructure of Staphylococcus aureus Treated with Cationic Peptides and Chlorhexidine. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8121991. [PMID: 33327493 PMCID: PMC7764955 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8121991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides, including synthetic ones, are becoming increasingly important as a promising tool to fight multidrug-resistant bacteria. We examined the effect of cationic peptides H2N-Arg9-Phe2-C(O)NH2 and H2N-(Lys-Phe-Phe)3-Lys-C(O)NH2 on Staphylococcus aureus, which remains one of the most harmful pathogens. Antiseptic chlorhexidine served as reference preparation. We studied viability of S. aureus and examined its ultrastructure under treatment with 100 µM of R9F2 or (KFF)3K peptides or chlorhexidine using transmission electron microscopy of ultrathin sections. Bacterial cells were sampled as kinetic series starting from 1 min up to 4 h of treatment with preparations. Both peptides caused clearly visible damage of bacteria cell membrane within 1 min. Incubation of S. aureus with R9F2 or (KFF)3K peptides led to cell wall thinning, loss of cytoplasm structure, formation of mesosome-derived multimembrane structures and "decorated fibers" derived from DNA chains. The effect of R9F2 peptides on S. aureus was more severe than the effect of (KFF)3K peptides. Chlorhexidine heavily damaged the bacteria cell wall, in particular in areas of septa formation, while cytoplasm kept its structure within the observation time. Our study showed that cell membrane damage is critical for S. aureus viability; however, we believe that cell wall disorders should also be taken into account when analyzing the effects of the mechanisms of action of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs).
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130
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Vrancianu CO, Gheorghe I, Dobre EG, Barbu IC, Cristian RE, Popa M, Lee SH, Limban C, Vlad IM, Chifiriuc MC. Emerging Strategies to Combat β-Lactamase Producing ESKAPE Pathogens. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8527. [PMID: 33198306 PMCID: PMC7697847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1929 as a therapeutic agent against staphylococci, β-lactam antibiotics (BLAs) remained the most successful antibiotic classes against the majority of bacterial strains, reaching a percentage of 65% of all medical prescriptions. Unfortunately, the emergence and diversification of β-lactamases pose indefinite health issues, limiting the clinical effectiveness of all current BLAs. One solution is to develop β-lactamase inhibitors (BLIs) capable of restoring the activity of β-lactam drugs. In this review, we will briefly present the older and new BLAs classes, their mechanisms of action, and an update of the BLIs capable of restoring the activity of β-lactam drugs against ESKAPE (Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.) pathogens. Subsequently, we will discuss several promising alternative approaches such as bacteriophages, antimicrobial peptides, nanoparticles, CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) cas technology, or vaccination developed to limit antimicrobial resistance in this endless fight against Gram-negative pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corneliu Ovidiu Vrancianu
- Microbiology Immunology Department and The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.O.V.); (E.-G.D.); (I.C.B.); (M.P.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Irina Gheorghe
- Microbiology Immunology Department and The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.O.V.); (E.-G.D.); (I.C.B.); (M.P.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Elena-Georgiana Dobre
- Microbiology Immunology Department and The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.O.V.); (E.-G.D.); (I.C.B.); (M.P.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Ilda Czobor Barbu
- Microbiology Immunology Department and The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.O.V.); (E.-G.D.); (I.C.B.); (M.P.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Roxana Elena Cristian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 020956 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Marcela Popa
- Microbiology Immunology Department and The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.O.V.); (E.-G.D.); (I.C.B.); (M.P.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Sang Hee Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, 03674 Myongjiro, Yongin 449-728, Gyeonggido, Korea;
- National Leading Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, 116 Myongjiro, Yongin 17058, Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Carmen Limban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia no.6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.L.); (I.M.V.)
| | - Ilinca Margareta Vlad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia no.6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.L.); (I.M.V.)
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- Microbiology Immunology Department and The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.O.V.); (E.-G.D.); (I.C.B.); (M.P.); (M.C.C.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
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131
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Qian Y, Deng S, Lu Z, She Y, Xie J, Cong Z, Zhang W, Liu R. Using In Vivo Assessment on Host Defense Peptide Mimicking Polymer-Modified Surfaces for Combating Implant Infections. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 4:3811-3829. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shuai Deng
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ziyi Lu
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yunrui She
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiayang Xie
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zihao Cong
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (ECUST) Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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132
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Lima WG, de Brito JCM, Cardoso VN, Fernandes SOA. In-depth characterization of antibacterial activity of melittin against Staphylococcus aureus and use in a model of non-surgical MRSA-infected skin wounds. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 156:105592. [PMID: 33049305 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Skin infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) require the development of new and effective topical antibiotics. In this context, melittin, the main component of apitoxin, has a potent antibacterial effect. However, little is known regarding the anti-inflammatory potential this peptide in infection models, or its ability to induce clinically important resistance. Here, we aimed to conduct an in-depth characterization of the antibacterial potential of melittin in vitro and evaluate the pharmaceutical potential of an ointment containing melittin for the treatment of non-surgical infections induced by MRSA. The minimum inhibitory concentration of melittin varied from 0.12 to 4 μM. The antibacterial effect was mainly bactericidal and fast (approximately 0.5 h after incubation) and was maintained even in stationary cells and mature MRSA biofilms. Melittin interacts synergistically with beta-lactams and aminoglycosides, and its ability to form pores in the membrane reverses the resistance of vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) to amoxicillin, and vancomycin. Its ability to induce resistance in vitro was absent, and melittin was stable in several conditions often associated with infected wounds. In vivo, aointment containing melittin reduced bacterial load and the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1 beta. Collectively, these data point to melittin as a potential candidate for topical formulations aimed at the treatment of non-surgical infections caused by MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Gustavo Lima
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos, Departamento de Análises Clinicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Valbert Nascimento Cardoso
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos, Departamento de Análises Clinicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Simone Odília Antunes Fernandes
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos, Departamento de Análises Clinicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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133
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Wang A, Chao T, Ji Z, Xuan R, Liu S, Guo M, Wang G, Wang J. Transcriptome analysis reveals potential immune function-related regulatory genes/pathways of female Lubo goat submandibular glands at different developmental stages. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9947. [PMID: 33083113 PMCID: PMC7547598 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The submandibular glands, as major salivary glands, participate in rumen digestion in goats. Sialic acid, lysozyme, immunoglobulin A (IgA), lactoferrin and other biologically active substances secreted in the submandibular glands were reported in succession, which suggests that the submandibular gland may have immune functions in addition to participating in digestion. The aim of this study was to map the expression profile of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at three different stages by transcriptome sequencing, screen immune-related genes and pathways by bioinformatics methods, and predict the immune function of submandibular glands at different developmental stages. Methods Nine submandibular gland tissue samples were collected from groups of 1-month-old kids, 12-month-old adolescent goats and 24-month-old adult goats (3 samples from each group), and high-throughput transcriptome sequencing was conducted on these samples. The DEGs among the three stages were screened and analysed. Key genes and signalling pathways were selected via protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Results The results revealed 2,706, 2,525 and 52 DEGs between 1-month-old and 12-month-old goats, between 1-month-old and 24-month-old goats, and between 12-month-old and 24-month-old goats, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses indicated that most of the DEGs were enriched in immune- related GO terms and pathways. Based on functional enrichment analysis and network analysis, 10 genes (PTPRC, CD28, SELL, LCP2, MYC, LCK, ZAP70, ITGB2, SYK and CCR7), two signalling pathways (the T cell receptor signalling pathway and the NF-κβ signalling pathway) and eight GO terms (T cell receptor signalling pathway, neutrophil mediated immunity, B cell mediated immunity, regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation, positive regulation of T cell proliferation, regulation of leukocyte differentiation, positive regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signalling pathway, positive regulation of lymphocyte proliferation) that may play key roles in the immune functions of the goat submandibular glands at different developmental stages were identified. Moreover, we found that eight antibacterial peptide-encoding genes were downregulated in the tuberculosis and salivary secretion pathways, while all immunoglobulins were upregulated in 10 immune system pathways. These findings indicate that the submandibular glands may be important immunological organs during the growth process of goats and that the immune function of these glands gradually weakens with age up to 12 months but remains relatively stable after 12 months of age. Overall, this study will improve our understanding of transcriptional regulation related to goat submandibular gland immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aili Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China
| | - Tianle Chao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China
| | - Zhibin Ji
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China
| | - Rong Xuan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China
| | - Maosen Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China
| | - Guizhi Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China
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134
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Figainin 1, a Novel Amphibian Skin Peptide with Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Properties. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9090625. [PMID: 32967114 PMCID: PMC7559428 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9090625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Amphibian skin secretions are abundant in bioactive compounds, especially antimicrobial peptides. These molecules are generally cationic and rich in hydrophobic amino acids, have an amphipathic structure and adopt an α-helical conformation when in contact with microorganisms membranes. In this work, we purified and characterized Figainin 1, a novel antimicrobial and antiproliferative peptide from the cutaneous secretion of the frog Boana raniceps. Figainin 1 is a cationic peptide with eighteen amino acid residues—rich in leucine and isoleucine, with an amidated C-terminus—and adopts an α-helical conformation in the presence of trifluoroethanol (TFE). It displayed activity against Gram-negative and especially Gram-positive bacteria, with MIC values ranging from 2 to 16 µM, and showed an IC50 value of 15.9 µM against epimastigote forms of T. cruzi; however, Figanin 1 did not show activity against Candida species. This peptide also showed cytolytic effects against human erythrocytes with an HC50 of 10 µM, in addition to antiproliferative activity against cancer cells and murine fibroblasts, with IC50 values ranging from 10.5 to 13.7 µM. Despite its adverse effects on noncancerous cells, Figainin 1 exhibits interesting properties for the development of new anticancer agents and anti-infective drugs against pathogenic microorganisms.
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135
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Gao J, Zhang M, Zhang F, Wang Y, Ouyang J, Luo X, Yang H, Zhang D, Chen Y, Yu H, Wang Y. Design of a Sea Snake Antimicrobial Peptide Derivative with Therapeutic Potential against Drug-Resistant Bacterial Infection. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:2451-2467. [PMID: 32786271 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Infections caused by drug-resistant pathogens are a worldwide challenge for public health. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are regarded as promising antibiotic alternatives for the treatment of drug-resistant infections. In the present study, a series of small peptides were designed based on our previously reported sea snake AMP Hc-CATH. From them, the lead peptide HC1-D2, a truncated peptide entirely substituted by d-amino acids, was selected. HC1-D2 exhibited significantly improved stability and antibiofilm and anti-inflammatory activities. Meanwhile, HC1-D2 retained potent, broad-spectrum, and rapid antimicrobial properties against bacteria and fungi, especially drug-resistant bacteria. Moreover, HC1-D2 showed low propensity to induce bacterial resistance and low cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity. Notably, HC1-D2 showed potent in vivo anti-infective ability in mouse peritonitis models infected by both standard and drug-resistant bacteria. It significantly decreased the bacterial counts in the abdominal cavity and spleen of mice and apparently increased the survival rates of the mice. Acting through the MAPKs inflammatory pathway, HC1-D2 selectively induced the production of chemokine and the subsequent immune cell recruitment to the infection site, while inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines with undesirable toxicities. These much improved properties make HC1-D2 a promising candidate for the development of novel peptide anti-infective agents against drug-resistant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuxiang Gao
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Fen Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Biology Department, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550000, China
| | - Jianhong Ouyang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xuanjin Luo
- Biology Department, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550000, China
| | - Huaixin Yang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Dengdeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Haining Yu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Yipeng Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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136
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Liu Y, Li S, Shen T, Chen L, Zhou J, Shi S, Wang Y, Zhao Z, Liao C, Wang C. N-terminal Myristoylation Enhanced the Antimicrobial Activity of Antimicrobial Peptide PMAP-36PW. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:450. [PMID: 32984074 PMCID: PMC7481357 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-resistant bacteria infections and drug residues have been increasing and causing antibiotic resistance and public health threats worldwide. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are novel antimicrobial drugs with the potential to solve these problems. Here, a peptide based on our previously studied peptide PMAP-36PW was designed via N-terminal myristoylation and referred to as Myr-36PW. The fatty acid modification provided the as-prepared peptide with good stability and higher antimicrobial activity compared with PMAP-36PW in vitro. Moreover, Myr-36PW exhibited effective anti-biofilm activity against Gram-negative bacteria and may kill bacteria by improving the permeability of their membranes. In addition, the designed peptide Myr-36PW could inhibit the bacterial growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa GIM 1.551 to target organs, decrease the inflammatory damage, show an impressive therapeutic effect on mouse pneumonia and peritonitis experiments, and promote abscess reduction and wound healing in infected mice. These results reveal that Myr-36PW is a promising antimicrobial agent against bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Liu
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Tengfei Shen
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Liangliang Chen
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jiangfei Zhou
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Shuaibing Shi
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Henan Provincial Open Laboratory of Key Disciplines in Environment and Animal Products Safety, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Zhanqin Zhao
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Chengshui Liao
- Henan Provincial Open Laboratory of Key Disciplines in Environment and Animal Products Safety, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Chen Wang
- The Key Lab of Veterinary Biological Products, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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137
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Dong W, Wen J, Li Y, Wang C, Sun S, Shang D. Targeted antimicrobial peptide delivery in vivo to tumor with near infrared photoactivated mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2020; 588:119767. [PMID: 32800935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptide PA-C1b (chensinin-1b conjugated with palmitic acid) showed potent anticancer activity with no obvious hemolytic activity, which made it a potential agent for treating cancers. However, after in vivo administration, peptides can be degraded by proteases because there is no effective protection. In this study, a tumor-targeting photoresponsive antimicrobial peptide delivery system was developed, and the peptide PA-C1b labeled with the dye sulfo-cyanine7 (Cy7) was loaded into mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). The final MSN@Cy7-PA-C1b nanoparticles were wrapped by graphene oxide (GO), and then folic acid was conjugated to the surface of the MSNs for targeting purposes. The final MSN@Cy7-PA-C1b@FA-GO nanoparticles were constructed to allow light-mediated peptide release and folate receptor-targeted cancer therapy. The Cy7 dye serves as a real-time indicator, and GO acts as a gatekeeper to prevent leakage of the loaded peptides in the absence of near-infrared light irradiation. Upon light irradiation, the GO wrapping detaches, and the photoresponsive peptide delivery system works well both in in vitro cell experiments and during in vivo administration in mouse tumor experiments. The construction of the MSN@Cy7-PA-C1b@FA-GO platform provides a novel approach to deliver antimicrobial peptides in vivo for the treatment of infections by pathogenic microorganisms and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibing Dong
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Jia Wen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yue Li
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Cui Wang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Department of Neurology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian 116033, China
| | - Shiguo Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Dejing Shang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China.
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138
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Mahlapuu M, Björn C, Ekblom J. Antimicrobial peptides as therapeutic agents: opportunities and challenges. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:978-992. [PMID: 32781848 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1796576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The rapid development of microbial resistance to conventional antibiotics has accelerated efforts to find anti-infectives with a novel mode-of-action, which are less prone to bacterial resistance. Intense nonclinical and clinical research is today ongoing to evaluate antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as potential next-generation antibiotics. Currently, multiple AMPs are assessed in late-stage clinical trials, not only as novel anti-infective drugs, but also as innovative product candidates for immunomodulation, promotion of wound healing, and prevention of post-operative scars. The efforts to translate AMP-based research findings into pharmaceutical product candidates are expected to accelerate in coming years due to technological advancements in multiple areas, including an improved understanding of the mechanism-of-action of AMPs, smart formulation strategies, and advanced chemical synthesis protocols. At the same time, it is recognized that cytotoxicity, low metabolic stability due to sensitivity to proteolytic degradation, and limited oral bioavailability are some of the key weaknesses of AMPs. Furthermore, the pricing and reimbursement environment for new antimicrobial products remains as a major barrier to the commercialization of AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margit Mahlapuu
- Promore Pharma AB, Karolinska Institutet Science Park, Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Jonas Ekblom
- Promore Pharma AB, Karolinska Institutet Science Park, Solna, Sweden
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139
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Carratalá JV, Serna N, Villaverde A, Vázquez E, Ferrer-Miralles N. Nanostructured antimicrobial peptides: The last push towards clinics. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 44:107603. [PMID: 32738381 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Peptide drugs hold great potential for the treatment of infectious diseases due to their unconventional mechanisms of action, biocompatibility, biodegradability and ease of synthesis and modification. The increasing rising of bacterial strains resistant to classical antibiotics have pushed the development of new peptide-based antimicrobial therapies. In this context, over the past few years, different approaches have reached a clinical approval. Furthermore, the application of nanotechnological principles to the design of antimicrobial peptide-based composites increases even more the already known benefits of antimicrobial peptides as competent protein drugs. Then, we provide here an overview of the current strategies for antimicrobial peptide discovery and modification and the status of such peptides already under clinical development. In addition, we summarize the innovative formulation strategies for their application, focusing on the controlled self-assembly for the fabrication of antimicrobial nanostructures without the assistance of external nanocarriers, and with emphasis on bioengineering, design of ultra-short peptides and rising insights in bacterial selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Vicente Carratalá
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Naroa Serna
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain.
| | - Antonio Villaverde
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain.
| | - Esther Vázquez
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain.
| | - Neus Ferrer-Miralles
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
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140
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León-Buitimea A, Garza-Cárdenas CR, Garza-Cervantes JA, Lerma-Escalera JA, Morones-Ramírez JR. The Demand for New Antibiotics: Antimicrobial Peptides, Nanoparticles, and Combinatorial Therapies as Future Strategies in Antibacterial Agent Design. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1669. [PMID: 32793156 PMCID: PMC7393301 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The inappropriate use of antibiotics and an inadequate control of infections have led to the emergence of resistant strains which represent a major threat to public health and the global economy. Therefore, research and development of a new generation of antimicrobials to mitigate the spread of antibiotic resistance has become imperative. Current research and technology developments have promoted the improvement of antimicrobial agents that can selectively interact with a target site (e.g., a gene or a cellular process) or a specific pathogen. Antimicrobial peptides and metal nanoparticles exemplify a novel approach to treat infectious diseases. Nonetheless, combinatorial treatments have been recently considered as an excellent platform to design and develop the next generation of antibacterial agents. The combination of different drugs offers many advantages over their use as individual chemical moieties; these include a reduction in dosage of the individual drugs, fewer side effects compared to the monotherapy, reduced risk for the development of drug resistance, a better combined response compared to the effect of the individual drugs (synergistic effects), wide-spectrum antibacterial action, and the ability to attack simultaneously multiple target sites, in many occasions leading to an increased antibacterial effect. The selection of the appropriate combinatorial treatment is critical for the successful treatment of infections. Therefore, the design of combinatorial treatments provides a pathway to develop antimicrobial therapeutics with broad-spectrum antibacterial action, bactericidal instead of bacteriostatic mechanisms of action, and better efficacy against multidrug-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel León-Buitimea
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología y Nanotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Apodaca, Mexico
| | - Cesar R Garza-Cárdenas
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología y Nanotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Apodaca, Mexico
| | - Javier A Garza-Cervantes
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología y Nanotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Apodaca, Mexico
| | - Jordy A Lerma-Escalera
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología y Nanotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Apodaca, Mexico
| | - Jose R Morones-Ramírez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología y Nanotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Apodaca, Mexico
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141
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Lima RM, Kylarová S, Mergaert P, Kondorosi É. Unexplored Arsenals of Legume Peptides With Potential for Their Applications in Medicine and Agriculture. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1307. [PMID: 32625188 PMCID: PMC7314904 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During endosymbiosis, bacteria live intracellularly in the symbiotic organ of their host. The host controls the proliferation of endosymbionts and prevents their spread to other tissues and organs. In Rhizobium-legume symbiosis the major host effectors are secreted nodule-specific cysteine-rich (NCR) peptides, produced exclusively in the symbiotic cells. NCRs have evolved in the Inverted Repeat Lacking Clade (IRLC) of the Leguminosae family. They are secreted peptides that mediate terminal differentiation of the endosymbionts, forming polyploid, non-cultivable cells with increased membrane permeability. NCRs form an extremely large family of peptides, which have four or six conserved cysteines but otherwise highly diverse amino acid sequences, resulting in a wide variety of anionic, neutral and cationic peptides. In vitro, many synthetic NCRs have strong antimicrobial activities against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, including the ESKAPE strains and pathogenic fungi. The spectra and minimal bactericidal and anti-fungal concentrations of NCRs differ, indicating that, in addition to their charge, the amino acid composition and sequence also play important roles in their antimicrobial activity. NCRs attack the bacteria and fungi at the cell envelope and membrane as well as intracellularly, forming interactions with multiple essential cellular machineries. NCR-like peptides with similar symbiotic functions as the NCRs also exist in other branches of the Leguminosae family. Thus, legumes provide countless and so far unexplored sources of symbiotic peptides representing an enormous resource of pharmacologically interesting molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui M Lima
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Salome Kylarová
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Peter Mergaert
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Éva Kondorosi
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
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142
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Shorter Antibacterial Peptide Having High Selectivity for E. coli Membranes and Low Potential for Inducing Resistance. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8060867. [PMID: 32521823 PMCID: PMC7356157 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8060867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been recognised as a significant therapeutic option for mitigating resistant microbial infections. It has been found recently that Plasmodium falciparum-derived, 20 residue long, peptide 35409 had antibacterial and haemolytic activity, making it an AMP having reduced selectivity, and suggesting that it should be studied more extensively for obtaining new AMPs having activity solely targeting the bacterial membrane. Peptide 35409 was thus used as template for producing short synthetic peptides (<20 residues long) and evaluating their biological activity and relevant physicochemical characteristics for therapeutic use. Four of the sixteen short peptides evaluated here had activity against E. coli without any associated haemolytic effects. The 35409-1 derivative (17 residues long) had the best therapeutic characteristics as it had high selectivity for bacterial cells, stability in the presence of human sera, activity against E. coli multiresistant clinical isolates and was shorter than the original sequence. It had a powerful membranolytic effect and low potential for inducing resistance in bacteria. This peptide’s characteristics highlighted its potential as an alternative for combating infection caused by E. coli multiresistant bacteria and/or for designing new AMPs.
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143
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Davidovich NV, Kukalevskaya NN, Bashilova EN, Bazhukova TA. [General principles of antibiotic resistance evolution in bacteria (review of literature).]. Klin Lab Diagn 2020; 65:387-393. [PMID: 32459899 DOI: 10.18821/0869-2084-2020-65-6-387-393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the impact of antibiotic resistance on human health is a worldwide problem and its study is of great interest from a molecular genetic, environmental and clinical view-point. This review summarizes the latest data about antibiotic resistance, the classification of microorganisms as sensitive and resistant to the action of antibiotics, reveals the concept of minimum inhibitory concentration from modern positions. The resistance of microorganisms to antibacterial agents can be intrinsic and acquired, as well as being one of the examples of evolution that are currently available for study. Modern methods of whole-genome sequencing and complex databases of nucleotide-tagged libraries give an idea of the multifaceted nature of the mechanisms of intrinsic resistance to antibiotics and are able to provide information on genes encoding metabolic enzymes and proteins that regulate the basic processes of the physiology of bacteria. The article describes the main ways of spreading the resistance of microorganisms, reflects the concepts of "founder effect" and the fitness cost of bacteria, which underlie the emergence and evolution of antibiotic resistance. It is shown that the origin of antibiotic resistance genes that human pathogens currently possess can be traced by studying the surrounding not only clinical, but also non-clinical (ecological) habitats. As well as microorganisms of the surrounding ecosystems are the donors of resistance genes in horizontal gene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Davidovich
- FSBEI HE Northern State Medical University (Arkhangelsk) of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 163000, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - N N Kukalevskaya
- FSBEI HE Northern State Medical University (Arkhangelsk) of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 163000, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - E N Bashilova
- FSBEI HE Northern State Medical University (Arkhangelsk) of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 163000, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - T A Bazhukova
- FSBEI HE Northern State Medical University (Arkhangelsk) of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 163000, Arkhangelsk, Russia
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144
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Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of the Teleost Chemokine CXCL20b. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9020078. [PMID: 32059392 PMCID: PMC7168194 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9020078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish are a potential source of diverse organic compounds with a broad spectrum of biological activities. Many fish-derived antimicrobial peptides and proteins are key components of the fish innate immune system. They are also potential candidates for development of new antimicrobial agents. CXCL20b is a grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) CXC chemokine strongly transcribed at the early stage of bacterial infections, for which the immune role had not been reported to date. In the present study, we found that CXCL20b is a cationic amphipathic protein that displays potent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The results of DiOC2(3) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) assays indicated that CXCL20b could induce bacterial membrane depolarization and disruption in a short time. By performing further structure-activity studies, we found that the antimicrobial activity of CXCL20b was mainly relative to the N-terminal random coil region. The central part of this cytokine representing β-sheet region was insoluble in water and the C-terminal α-helical region did not show an antimicrobial effect. The results presented in this article support the poorly understood function of CXCL20b, which fulfills an important role in bony fish antimicrobial immunity.
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145
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Bv8-Like Toxin from the Frog Venom of Amolops jingdongensis Promotes Wound Healing via the Interleukin-1 Signaling Pathway. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 12:toxins12010015. [PMID: 31905801 PMCID: PMC7020442 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Prokineticins are highly conserved small peptides family expressed in all vertebrates, which contain a wide spectrum of functions. In this study, a prokineticin homolog (Bv8-AJ) isolated from the venom of frog Amolops jingdongensis was fully characterized. Bv8-AJ accelerated full-thickness wounds healing of mice model by promoting the initiation and the termination of inflammatory phase. Moreover, Bv8-AJ exerted strong proliferative effect on fibroblasts and keratinocytes isolated from newborn mice by activating interleukin (IL)-1 production. Our findings indicate that Bv8 is a potent wound healing regulator and may reveal the mechanism of rapid wound-healing in amphibian skins.
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146
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The antimicrobial peptide ZY4 combats multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:26516-26522. [PMID: 31843919 PMCID: PMC6936460 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1909585117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa raises fears of untreatable infections and poses the greatest health threats. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are regarded as the most ideal solution to this menace. In this study, a set of peptides was designed based on our previously reported peptide cathelicidin-BF-15, and the lead peptide ZY4, a cyclic peptide stabilized by a disulfide bridge with high stability in vivo (the half-life is 1.8 h), showed excellent activity against P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii, including standard and clinical multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. ZY4 killed bacteria by permeabilizing the bacterial membrane and showed low propensity to induce resistance, exhibited biofilm inhibition and eradication activities, and also killed persister cells. Notably, administration of ZY4 decreased susceptibility to lung infection by P. aeruginosa and suppressed dissemination of P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii to target organs in a mouse septicemia infection model. These findings identify ZY4 as an ideal candidate against MDR bacterial infections.
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