101
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Martei YM, Iwamoto K, Barr RD, Wiernkowski JT, Robertson J. Shortages and price variability of essential cytotoxic medicines for treating children with cancers. BMJ Glob Health 2020; 5:bmjgh-2020-003282. [PMID: 33173011 PMCID: PMC7656942 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) face the largest burden of mortality from childhood cancers with limited access to curative therapies. Few comparative analyses across all income groups and world regions have examined the availability and acquisition costs of essential medicines for treating cancers in children. Methods A cross-sectional survey involved countries in five income groups—low-income (LIC), lower-middle-income (LMC), upper-middle-income (UMC), two high-income country groups (HIC1, HIC2). Physicians and pharmacists reported institutional use, availability, stock outs and prices (brand and generic products) of 34 essential medicines. Price comparisons used US$, applying foreign exchange rates (XR) and purchasing power parity (PPP) adjustments. Medicine costs for treating acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and Wilms tumour (WT) were calculated (child 29 kg, body surface area 1 m2). Comparisons were conducted using non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results Fifty-eight respondents (50 countries) provided information on medicine use, availability and stock outs, with usable price data from 42 facilities (37 countries). The extent of use of International Society of Paediatric Oncology core and ancillary medicines varied across income groups (p<0.0001 and p=0.0002 respectively). LMC and LIC facilities used fewer medicines than UMC and HIC facilities. UMC and LMC facilities were more likely to report medicines not available or stockouts. Medicine prices varied widely within and between income bands; generic products were not always cheaper than brand equivalents. PPP adjustment showed relatively higher prices in UMC and LMC facilities for some medicines. Medicine costs were highest in HICs for ALL (p=0.0075 XR; p=0.0178 PPP-adjusted analyses) and WT (p =<0.0001 XR; p=0.0007 PPP-adjusted). Medicine costs for BL were not significantly different. Conclusion Problems with the availability of essential medicines, dependable supply chains, confidential medicine prices and wide variability in treatment costs contribute to persistent challenges in the care of children with treatable cancers, especially in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehoda M Martei
- Hematology - Oncology Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kotoji Iwamoto
- Health Technology and Pharmaceuticals Programme, World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ronald D Barr
- Pediatric Haematology/Oncology, McMaster University and McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - John T Wiernkowski
- Pediatric Haematology/Oncology, McMaster University and McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jane Robertson
- Health Technology and Pharmaceuticals Programme, World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Clinical Pharmacology, University of Newcastle, Waratah, New South Wales, Australia
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102
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The microbiome, genetics, and gastrointestinal neoplasms: the evolving field of molecular pathological epidemiology to analyze the tumor-immune-microbiome interaction. Hum Genet 2020; 140:725-746. [PMID: 33180176 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-020-02235-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metagenomic studies using next-generation sequencing technologies have revealed rich human intestinal microbiome, which likely influence host immunity and health conditions including cancer. Evidence indicates a biological link between altered microbiome and cancers in the digestive system. Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis have been found to be enriched in colorectal mucosal tissues from patients with familial adenomatous polyposis that is caused by germline APC mutations. In addition, recent studies have found enrichment of certain oral bacteria, viruses, and fungi in tumor tissue and fecal specimens from patients with gastrointestinal cancer. An integrative approach is required to elucidate the role of microorganisms in the pathogenic process of gastrointestinal cancers, which develop through the accumulation of somatic genetic and epigenetic alterations in neoplastic cells, influenced by host genetic variations, immunity, microbiome, and environmental exposures. The transdisciplinary field of molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE) offers research frameworks to link germline genetics and environmental factors (including diet, lifestyle, and pharmacological factors) to pathologic phenotypes. The integration of microbiology into the MPE model (microbiology-MPE) can contribute to better understanding of the interactive role of environment, tumor cells, immune cells, and microbiome in various diseases. We review major clinical and experimental studies on the microbiome, and describe emerging evidence from the microbiology-MPE research in gastrointestinal cancers. Together with basic experimental research, this new research paradigm can help us to develop new prevention and treatment strategies for gastrointestinal cancers through targeting of the microbiome.
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103
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Wang LF, Song SZ, Huang J, Dou CH. Erythropoietin combined with traditional Chinese medicine for chemotherapy-induced anemias: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22799. [PMID: 33126317 PMCID: PMC7598860 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As far as we know, several systematic review and meta-analysis have assessed the safety and efficacy of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in the patients with chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA). But no study assesses the safety and efficacy of ESAs combined with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The aim of our study is to assess the efficacy and safety of ESAs combination with TCM for patients with CIA and will provide a higher level of evidence for clinical applications. METHODS This protocol adheres to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis protocol statement. The source of literature will be a structured search of the following 7 electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and Wanfang Database. Records will be independently evaluated by 2 reviewers. Disagreements will be resolved through consensus or third-party adjudication. Review Manager 5.3 software (Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen Denmark) will be used to perform meta-analysis. For dichotomous variables, odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals will be obtained by the Mantel-Haenszel method. For continuous data, mean difference with 95% confidence intervals will be used. P < 0.05 will be considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS This study will be performed to test the efficacy and safety of ESAs combined with TCM for CIA in patients with cancer. CONCLUSIONS The result of this study will be promoted mainly in 2 ways: publish in peer-reviewed journals in the fastest way; and promotion in domestic and foreign conferences. INPLASY REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY202080041.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Feng Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Lanzhou
| | - Shu-Zheng Song
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of The Second Pediatric Orthopedics, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Chuan-Hui Dou
- Department of Hematology, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
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104
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Ye M, Zhang J, Wei M, Liu B, Dong K. Emerging role of long noncoding RNA-encoded micropeptides in cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:506. [PMID: 33088214 PMCID: PMC7565808 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01589-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has indicated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play various important roles in the development of cancers. The widespread applications of ribosome profiling and ribosome nascent chain complex sequencing revealed that some short open reading frames of lncRNAs have micropeptide-coding potential. The resulting micropeptides have been shown to participate in N6-methyladenosine modification, tumor angiogenesis, cancer metabolism, and signal transduction. This review summarizes current information regarding the reported roles of lncRNA-encoded micropeptides in cancer, and explores the potential clinical value of these micropeptides in the development of anti-cancer drugs and prognostic tumor biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujie Ye
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, No.399 Wanyuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201102 China.,Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 201102 China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210001 China
| | - Meng Wei
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, No.399 Wanyuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201102 China.,Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 201102 China
| | - Baihui Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, No.399 Wanyuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201102 China.,Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 201102 China
| | - Kuiran Dong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, No.399 Wanyuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201102 China.,Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 201102 China
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105
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Astigueta-Pérez J, Abad-Licham M, Chávez-Chirinos C, Beraun-Milla L, Lachos-Dávila A, Diaz-Pérez E, Portugal-Valdivia K, Castañeda PP, Alférez IP, Mezones-Holguín E. Cancer disease progression and death during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multidisciplinary analysis for the Peruvian setting. Ecancermedicalscience 2020; 14:1098. [PMID: 33082848 PMCID: PMC7532026 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2020.1098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the COVID-19 pandemic began in China in late 2019, infection from the SARS-CoV-2 virus has spread virtually worldwide. This infection has adversely affected several countries; governments have outlined a series of political measures aimed to preserve the health and safety of their populations. In Peru, most actions have prioritised COVID-19 attention, with a subsequent gap in the healthcare facilities needed for other diseases. Cancer, one principal cause of death in the country, is usually diagnosed late. Moreover, in the pandemic context, the prevention and control of cancer have been negatively affected. Therefore, we carried out a multidisciplinary analysis using the Ishikawa diagram to identify the probable factors that contribute to cancer progression and deaths in Peru.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Astigueta-Pérez
- Departamento de Cirugía Oncológica, Instituto Regional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas Norte, Trujillo 13600, Peru.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo 13007, Peru.,Centro de Excelencia en Patología Oncológica, Trujillo 13007, Peru.,https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5984-3270
| | - Milagros Abad-Licham
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo 13007, Peru.,Centro de Excelencia en Patología Oncológica, Trujillo 13007, Peru.,Departamento de Patología Oncológica, Instituto Regional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas Norte, Trujillo 13600, Peru.,https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3530-6937
| | - Carlos Chávez-Chirinos
- Departamento de Cirugía Oncológica, Instituto Regional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas Sur, Arequipa 04000, Peru.,https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5724-0684
| | - Luis Beraun-Milla
- Departamento de Cirugía Oncológica, Instituto Regional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas Centro, Huancayo 12000, Peru
| | - Alberto Lachos-Dávila
- Departamento de Radioterapia, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima 15000, Peru.,https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6190-1959
| | - Elizabeth Diaz-Pérez
- Departamento de Especialidades Médicas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima 15000, Peru.,https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7082-6930
| | - Karem Portugal-Valdivia
- Departamento de Oncología, Hospital Santa Rosa, Lima 15000, Peru.,https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7168-8613
| | | | - Isaías Pérez Alférez
- Archivo Regional del Gobierno Regional de Tacna, Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre, Tacna 23004, Peru
| | - Edward Mezones-Holguín
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima 15012, Peru.,Epi-Gnosis Solutions, Piura 20001, Peru.,https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4851-8664
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106
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Topatana W, Juengpanich S, Li S, Cao J, Hu J, Lee J, Suliyanto K, Ma D, Zhang B, Chen M, Cai X. Advances in synthetic lethality for cancer therapy: cellular mechanism and clinical translation. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:118. [PMID: 32883316 PMCID: PMC7470446 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00956-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic lethality is a lethal phenomenon in which the occurrence of a single genetic event is tolerable for cell survival, whereas the co-occurrence of multiple genetic events results in cell death. The main obstacle for synthetic lethality lies in the tumor biology heterogeneity and complexity, the inadequate understanding of synthetic lethal interactions, drug resistance, and the challenges regarding screening and clinical translation. Recently, DNA damage response inhibitors are being tested in various trials with promising results. This review will describe the current challenges, development, and opportunities for synthetic lethality in cancer therapy. The characterization of potential synthetic lethal interactions and novel technologies to develop a more effective targeted drug for cancer patients will be explored. Furthermore, this review will discuss the clinical development and drug resistance mechanisms of synthetic lethality in cancer therapy. The ultimate goal of this review is to guide clinicians at selecting patients that will receive the maximum benefits of DNA damage response inhibitors for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Win Topatana
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Sarun Juengpanich
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shijie Li
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Jiasheng Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Jiahao Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Jiyoung Lee
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | | | - Diana Ma
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Mingyu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China. .,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Xiujun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China. .,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technique Research of Zhejiang Province, No.3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
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107
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Xie X, Zhan C, Wang J, Zeng F, Wu S. An Activatable Nano-Prodrug for Treating Tyrosine-Kinase-Inhibitor-Resistant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and for Optoacoustic and Fluorescent Imaging. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2003451. [PMID: 32815304 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202003451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer and the cause of high rate of mortality. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors are used to treat NSCLC, yet their curative effects are usually compromised by drug resistance. This study demonstrates a nanodrug for treating tyrosine-kinase-inhibitor-resistant NSCLC through inhibiting upstream and downstream EGFR signaling pathways. The main molecule of the nanodrug is synthesized by linking a tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib and a near-infrared dye (NIR) on each side of a disulfide via carbonate bonds, and the nanodrug is then obtained through nanoparticle formation of the main molecule in aqueous medium and concomitant encapsulation of a serine threonine protein kinase (Akt) inhibitor celastrol. Upon administration, the nanodrug accumulates at the tumor region of NSCLC-bearing mice and releases the drugs for tumor inhibition, and the dye for fluorescence and optoacoustic imaging. Through suppressing the phosphorylation of upstream EGFR and downstream Akt in the EGFR pathway by gefitinib and celastrol, respectively, the nanodrug exhibits high inhibition efficacy against orthotopic NSCLC in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xie
- Biomedical Division, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Chenyue Zhan
- Biomedical Division, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Biomedical Division, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Fang Zeng
- Biomedical Division, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shuizhu Wu
- Biomedical Division, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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108
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MicroRNA Profiling in Paired Left and Right Eyes, Lungs, and Testes of Normal Mice. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:687-695. [PMID: 32769059 PMCID: PMC7347495 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Physiological and pathophysiological differences widely exist in paired organ systems. However, the molecular basis for these differences remains largely unknown. We previously reported that there exist differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in the left and right kidneys of normal mice. Here, we identified the DEMs in the left and right eyes, lungs, and testes of normal mice via RNA sequencing. As a result, we identified 26 DEMs in eyes, with 23 higher and 3 lower in the left eyes compared with right eyes; 21 DEMs in lungs, with 15 higher and 6 lower in the left lungs compared with right lungs; and 54 DEMs in testes, with 6 higher and 48 lower in the left testes compared with right testes. Ten microRNAs (miRNAs) were further examined by quantitative PCR assays, and seven of these were confirmed. In addition, correlation analysis was performed between paired organ miRNA expressions and diverse body fluid miRNA expressions. Finally, we explored the functions and networks of DEMs and performed biological process and pathway enrichment analysis of target genes for DEMs, providing insights into the physiological and pathophysiological differences between the two entities of paired organs.
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109
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Reinert T, Pellegrini R, Barrios CH. Lack of access to CDK4/6 inhibitors for premenopausal patients with metastatic breast cancer in Brazil: estimation of the number of premature deaths. Ecancermedicalscience 2020; 14:1081. [PMID: 32863875 PMCID: PMC7434502 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2020.1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose A CDK4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) combined with endocrine therapy is the standard of care for patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and HER2-negative (HER2-) metastatic breast cancer (MBC). However, the incorporation of these agents into clinical practice remains challenging. This study aims to estimate the impact of the lack of access to ribociclib on mortality of premenopausal patients with MBC in Brazil. Methods Based on published epidemiological studies and national cancer registries, we estimated the number of premenopausal patients with potential indication of ribociclib as first-line treatment for MBC. Efficacy estimates were based on results from the Monaleesa-7 trial. Our analysis is made under the unrealistic assumption that all premenopausal MBC patients would be candidates for the treatment. To estimate the number of yearly premature deaths that could be prevented, we considered the largest absolute effect on mortality when sequentially applying the observed hazard ratio. Results We estimated an annual incidence of 4,294 premenopausal HR+, HER2- MBC patients in Brazil. Considering these patients, at 12, 24 and 60 months, the number of surviving subjects would be 3,504, 2,859 and 1,553 for endocrine therapy (ET) alone; and 3,717, 3,217 and 2,086 for ET plus ribociclib. The largest difference between both groups was observed at the end of the sixth year when the use of ribociclib would prevent 538 premature deaths (survival of 1,805 versus 1,267 patients by the 72nd month). Conclusion We estimate that lack of access to CDK4/6i for patients with HR+, HER2-, MBC will cause the premature death of a significant number of premenopausal women with MBC. The unavailability of effective therapies has measurable consequences. Progress in this area demands a concerted effort to prevent further loss of lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Reinert
- Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, 90619-900, Brazil.,Oncoclinicas, Porto Alegre, 90570-020, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Pellegrini
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) School of Medicine, Porto Alegre, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Barrios
- Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, 90619-900, Brazil.,Oncoclinicas, Porto Alegre, 90570-020, Brazil
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110
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Zhang HX, Zhang CS, Dai XQ, Zuo CY, Lv P, Huang RZ, Mo QN, Bai YF, Zhou Y. The efficacy and safety of moxibustion for chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal adverse reaction: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22042. [PMID: 32871961 PMCID: PMC7458271 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many cancer patients experience gastrointestinal adverse reaction during chemotherapy. Pharmacological interventions are commonly used to treat chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal side effects but have various limitations. Clinical trials have indicated that moxibustion may alleviate gastrointestinal dysfunction and improve quality of life (QoL) after chemotherapy. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of moxibustion for chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal adverse reaction through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to moxibution targeting chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal adverse reaction will be searched in online databases, such as PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP Database) and WanFang Database from their inception to May 1, 2020. The primary outcome is the incidence and severity of chemotherapy-related gastrointestinal toxicities (nausea and vomiting, diarrhea and constipation). The secondary outcomes include the quality of life, biological parameters' alteration, and adverse events. Study selection, data extraction, and assessment of risk of bias will be performed independently by 2 researchers. The Cochrane Collaboration's Review Manager (RevMan 5.3) software will be used to conduct the direct meta-analysis. RESULTS This study will provide a comprehensive review of the available evidence for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal adverse reaction with moxibustion. CONCLUSION The conclusion of this study will provide evidence to judge whether moxibustion is an effective and safety therapeutic intervention for chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal adverse reaction. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020182990.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Xiao Zhang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 37 Shi-er-qiao Road, Jinniu District
| | - Cheng-Shun Zhang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 37 Shi-er-qiao Road, Jinniu District
| | - Xiao-Qin Dai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Chuan-Yi Zuo
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 37 Shi-er-qiao Road, Jinniu District
| | - Peng Lv
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 37 Shi-er-qiao Road, Jinniu District
| | - Rui-Zhen Huang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Jinniu District
| | - Qian-Ning Mo
- Medical Administration Department, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Yi-Feng Bai
- Oncology Department, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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111
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Wang S, Ouyang L, Deng G, Deng Z, Wang S. DNA adsorption on nanoscale zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 enabling rational design of a DNA-based nanoprobe for gene detection and regulation in living cells. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31012-31021. [PMID: 35516055 PMCID: PMC9056336 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06218a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA functionalized nanomaterials have attracted tremendous attention for bioanalytical applications. Owing to exceptional fluorescence quenching ability, most DNA-based nanoprobes were designed with turn-on signals for target gene detection, while only a few of them could simultaneously achieve gene detection and regulation in one system. In this study, we explored the use of nanoscale zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) as a building block to construct a DNA-based nanoprobe. We found ZIF-8 could stably adsorb DNA to resist the dissociation by various biological ligands, enabling potential biological applications. However, ZIF-8 was not a nano-quencher to turn off the fluorophore labeling on the adsorbed DNA. We therefore designed a DNAzyme embedded molecular beacon (DMB) to functionalize ZIF-8. After endocytosis, ZIF-8 was disintegrated to release DMB for target mRNA detection, and the co-released Zn2+ acted as an effective cofactor to activate the embedded DNAzyme for mRNA regulation. This study provides a versatile nano-platform to realize multiple functions inside cells by using functional nucleic acids, which holds great promise for theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengmei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha Hunan 410013 China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha Hunan 410007 China
| | - Linqi Ouyang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha Hunan 410013 China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha Hunan 410007 China
| | - Guiming Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha Hunan 410007 China
| | - Zhenzhen Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Shengfeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha Hunan 410013 China
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Wang W, Hao Y, Liu Y, Li R, Huang DB, Pan YY. Nanomedicine in lung cancer: Current states of overcoming drug resistance and improving cancer immunotherapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 13:e1654. [PMID: 32700465 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is considered to cause the most cancer-related deaths worldwide. Due to the deficiency in early-stage diagnostics and local invasion or distant metastasis, the first line of treatment for most patients unsuitable for surgery is chemotherapy, targeted therapy or immunotherapy. Nanocarriers with the function of improving drug solubility, in vivo stability, drug distribution in the body, and sustained and targeted delivery, can effectively improve the effect of drug treatment and reduce toxic and side effects, and have been used in clinical treatment for lung cancer and many types of cancers. Here, we review nanoparticle (NP) formulation for lung cancer treatment including liposomes, polymers, and inorganic NPs via systemic and inhaled administration, and highlight the works of overcoming drug resistance and improving cancer immunotherapy. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yuhao Hao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yusheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Da-Bing Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yue-Yin Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Zhang S, Liu W, Hu B, Wang P, Lv X, Chen S, Shao Z. Prognostic Significance of Tumor-Infiltrating Natural Killer Cells in Solid Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1242. [PMID: 32714321 PMCID: PMC7343909 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tumor-infiltrating natural killer (NK) cells (TINKs) are crucial immune cells in tumor defense, and might be related to tumor prognosis. However, the results were discrepant among different studies. The present meta-analysis was performed to comprehensively assess the prognostic value of NK cell markers in solid tumor tissues. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched to identify original researches reporting the prognostic significance of TINKs in solid tumors. NK cell markers CD56, CD57, NKp30, and NKp46 were included in the analysis. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of pooled overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), metastasis-free survival (MFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were calculated by STATA software 14.0 to assess the prognostic significance. Results : Of the 56 included studies, there were 18 studies on CD56, 31 studies on CD57, 1 study on NKp30, and 7 studies on NKp46. High levels of CD56, CD57, NKp30, and NKp46 were significantly correlated with better OS of patients with solid malignancies (HR = 0.473, 95%CI: 0.315–0.710, p < 0.001; HR = 0.484, 95%CI: 0.380–0.616, p < 0.001; HR = 0.34, 95%CI: 0.14–0.80, p = 0.014; HR = 0.622, 95%CI: 0.470–0.821, p < 0.001, respectively). Our results also revealed that CD56, CD57, and NKp46 could act as independent prognostic predictors for favorable OS (HR = 0.372, 95%CI: 0.261–0.531, p < 0.001; HR = 0.525, 95%CI: 0.346–0.797, p = 0.003; HR = 0.559, 95%CI: 0.385–0.812, p = 0.002, respectively). Conclusions : Our results indicated that high levels of NK cell markers in solid tumor tissues could predict favorable prognosis for solid tumor patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weijian Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Binwu Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Songfeng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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