101
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Paulus MP, Stewart JL. Neurobiology, Clinical Presentation, and Treatment of Methamphetamine Use Disorder: A Review. JAMA Psychiatry 2020; 77:959-966. [PMID: 32267484 PMCID: PMC8098650 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The prevalence of and mortality associated with methamphetamine use has doubled during the past 10 years. There is evidence suggesting that methamphetamine use disorder could be the next substance use crisis in the United States and possibly worldwide. OBSERVATION The neurobiology of methamphetamine use disorder extends beyond the acute effect of the drug as a monoaminergic modulator and includes intracellular pathways focused on oxidative stress, neurotoxic and excitotoxic effects, and neuroinflammation. Similarly, the clinical picture extends beyond the acute psychostimulatory symptoms to include complex cardiovascular and cerebrovascular signs and symptoms that need to be identified by the clinician. Although there are no pharmacologic treatments for methamphetamine use disorder, cognitive behavioral therapy, behavioral activation, and contingency management show modest effectiveness. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE There is a need to better understand the complex neurobiology of methamphetamine use disorder and to develop interventions aimed at novel biological targets. Parsing the disorder into different processes (eg, craving or mood-associated alterations) and targeting the neural systems and biological pathways underlying these processes may lead to greater success in identifying disease-modifying interventions. Finally, mental health professionals need to be trained in recognizing early cardiovascular and cerebrovascular warning signs to mitigate the mortality associated with methamphetamine use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin P. Paulus
- Scientific Director and President Laureate Institute for Brain Research 6655 S Yale Ave, Tulsa, OK 74136-3326,Department of Community Medicine, University of Tulsa, Tulsa OK 74104
| | - Jennifer L. Stewart
- Scientific Director and President Laureate Institute for Brain Research 6655 S Yale Ave, Tulsa, OK 74136-3326,Department of Community Medicine, University of Tulsa, Tulsa OK 74104
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102
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Li S, Li Y, Deng B, Yan J, Wang Y. Identification of the Differentially Expressed Genes Involved in the Synergistic Neurotoxicity of an HIV Protease Inhibitor and Methamphetamine. Curr HIV Res 2020; 17:290-303. [PMID: 31550215 DOI: 10.2174/1570162x17666190924200354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The abuse of psychostimulants such as methamphetamine (METH) is common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients taking METH and antiretroviral drugs could suffer severe neurologic damage and cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVE To reveal the underlying neuropathologic mechanisms of an HIV protease inhibitor (PI) combined with METH, growth-inhibition tests of dopaminergic cells and RNA sequencing were performed. METHODS A combination of METH and PI caused more growth inhibition of dopaminergic cells than METH alone or a PI alone. Furthermore, we identified differentially expressed gene (DEG) patterns in the METH vs. untreated cells (1161 genes), PI vs. untreated cells (16 genes), METH-PI vs. PI (3959 genes), and METH-PI vs. METH groups (14 genes). RESULTS The DEGs in the METH-PI co-treatment group were verified in the brains of a mouse model using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and were involved mostly in the regulatory functions of cell proliferation and inflammation. CONCLUSION Such identification of key regulatory genes could facilitate the study of their neuroprotective potential in the users of METH and PIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangsang Li
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bingpeng Deng
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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103
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Sepehr A, Taheri F, Heidarian S, Motaghinejad M, Safari S. Neuroprotective and neuro-survival properties of safinamide against methamphetamine-induced neurodegeneration: Hypothetic possible role of BDNF/TrkB/PGC-1α signaling pathway and mitochondrial uncoupling protein -2(UCP-2). Med Hypotheses 2020; 143:110094. [PMID: 32682215 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine is a behavioral psychostimulant that has a high potential for misuse and induction of neurotoxicity. Safinamide is a novel inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) with neuroprotective properties. Methamphetamine abuse causes dysfunction in the respiratory chain of the mitochondria, but the specific signaling mechanism and role of the uncoupling protein-2(UCP-2) remain unclear. As we know, some indirect evidence indicates that neurodegeneration can be caused by inhibition of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) receptor, TrkB and its downstream signaling pathway, such as the PGC-1α protein. Neuroprotective strategies and approaches to the management, treatment or prevention of methamphetamine-induced neurodegeneration by modulating BDNF / TrkB / PGC-1α-UCP-2 can be considered as novel therapeutic approaches to these psychostimulant neurochemical and neurobehavioral approaches. Previous studies have shown that safinamide, a monoamine oxidase-B (MAOB) inhibitor, can function as a neuroprotective agent and inhibit the neurodegenerative process especially in Parkinson's disease but its impact on other neurodegenerative processes and drug-induced neurotoxicity remain unclear. Although there is some evidence that BDNF / TrkB / PGC-1α-UCP-2 signaling pathway and mitochondrial UCP-2 mediated safinamide induced neuroprotection but it's exact and precise mechanism of action and neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative disorder and the protective properties against methamphetamine induced neurodegeneration and the role of BDNF / TrkB / PGC-1α signaling pathway and role of mitochondrial UCP-2 in this process have not yet been clarified. Therefore, in subjects addicted to methamphetamine, we hypothesized that safinamide will provide neuroprotection against methamphetamine-prompted neurodegeneration, and it appears that BDNF / TrkB / PGC-1α signaling pathway and mitochondrial UCP-2 are likely to play a critical role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrah Sepehr
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Taheri
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Heidarian
- Department of chemistry, Zagros Institute of Higher Education, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Majid Motaghinejad
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sepideh Safari
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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104
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Shukla M, Vincent B. The multi-faceted impact of methamphetamine on Alzheimer's disease: From a triggering role to a possible therapeutic use. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 60:101062. [PMID: 32304732 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although it has been initially synthesized for therapeutic purposes and currently FDA-approved and prescribed for obesity, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, narcolepsy and depression, methamphetamine became a recreational drug that is nowadays massively manufactured illegally. Because it is a powerful and extremely addictive psychotropic agent, its abuse has turned out to become a major health problem worldwide. Importantly, the numerous effects triggered by this drug induce neurotoxicity in the brain ultimately leading to serious neurological impairments, tissue damage and neuropsychological disturbances that are reminiscent to most of the symptoms observed in Alzheimer's disease and other pathological manifestations in aging brain. In this context, there is a growing number of compelling evidence linking methamphetamine abuse with a higher probability of developing premature Alzheimer's disease and consequent neurodegeneration. This review proposes to establish a broad assessment of the effects that this drug can generate at the cellular and molecular levels in connection with the development of the age-related Alzheimer's disease. Altogether, the objective is to warn against the long-term effects that methamphetamine abuse may convey on young consumers and the increased risk of developing this devastating brain disorder at later stages of their lives, but also to discuss a more recently emerging concept suggesting a possible use of methamphetamine for treating this pathology under proper and strictly controlled conditions.
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105
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Chen T, Su H, Zhong N, Tan H, Li X, Meng Y, Duan C, Zhang C, Bao J, Xu D, Song W, Zou J, Liu T, Zhan Q, Jiang H, Zhao M. Disrupted brain network dynamics and cognitive functions in methamphetamine use disorder: insights from EEG microstates. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:334. [PMID: 32580716 PMCID: PMC7315471 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02743-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunction in brain network dynamics has been found to correlate with many psychiatric disorders. However, there is limited research regarding resting electroencephalogram (EEG) brain network and its association with cognitive process for patients with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD). This study aimed at using EEG microstate analysis to determine whether brain network dynamics in patients with MUD differ from those of healthy controls (HC). METHODS A total of 55 MUD patients and 27 matched healthy controls were included for analysis. The resting brain activity was recorded by 64-channel electroencephalography. EEG microstate parameters and intracerebral current sources of each EEG microstate were compared between the two groups. Generalized linear regression model was used to explore the correlation between significant microstates with drug history and cognitive functions. RESULTS MUD patients showed lower mean durations of the microstate classes A and B, and a higher global explained variance of the microstate class C. Besides, MUD patients presented with different current density power in microstates A, B, and C relative to the HC. The generalized linear model showed that MA use frequency is negatively correlated with the MMD of class A. Further, the generalized linear model showed that MA use frequency, scores of Two-back task, and the error rate of MA word are correlated with the MMD and GEV of class B, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Intracranial current source densities of resting EEG microstates are disrupted in MUD patients, hence causing temporal changes in microstate topographies, which are correlated with attention bias and history of drug use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhen Chen
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Hang Su
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Na Zhong
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Haoye Tan
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Yiran Meng
- Yunnan Institute on Drug Dependence, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Chunmei Duan
- Yunnan Institute on Drug Dependence, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Congbin Zhang
- Yunnan Institute on Drug Dependence, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Juwang Bao
- grid.28703.3e0000 0000 9040 3743Institute of Higher Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ding Xu
- Shanghai Bureau of Drug Rehabilitation Administration, Shanghai, China
| | - Weidong Song
- Shanghai Bureau of Drug Rehabilitation Administration, Shanghai, China
| | - Jixue Zou
- Department of Health, Yunnan Bureau of Drug Rehabilitation Administration, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Tao Liu
- Yunnan Third Compulsory Drug Dependence Rehablitation Center Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Qingqing Zhan
- Yunnan Third Compulsory Drug Dependence Rehablitation Center Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Haifeng Jiang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China.
| | - Min Zhao
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China ,grid.415630.50000 0004 1782 6212Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Institute of Psychological and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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106
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Transfer of pathological α-synuclein from neurons to astrocytes via exosomes causes inflammatory responses after METH exposure. Toxicol Lett 2020; 331:188-199. [PMID: 32569805 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive psychostimulant drug whose abuse can cause many health complications. Our previous studies have shown that METH exposure increases α-synuclein (α-syn) expression. Recently, it was shown that α-syn could be transferred from neurons to astrocytes via exosomes. However, the specific role of astrocytes in α-syn pathology involved in METH neurotoxicity remains unclear. The objective of this study was to determine whether exosomes derived from METH-treated neurons contain pathological α-syn and test the hypothesis that exosomes can transfer pathological α-syn from neurons to astrocytes. To this end, using animal and cell line coculture models, we show that exosomes isolated from METH-treated SH-SY5Y cells contained pathological α-syn. Furthermore, the addition of METH exosomes to the medium of primary cultured astrocytes induced α-syn aggregation and inflammatory responses in astrocytes. Then, we evaluated changes in nuclear receptor related 1 protein (Nurr1) expression and the levels of inflammatory cytokines in primary cultured astrocytes exposed to METH or α-syn. We found that METH or α-syn exposure decreased Nurr1 expression and increased proinflammatory cytokine expression in astrocytes. Our results indicate that α-syn can be transferred from neuronal cells to astrocytes through exosomes. When internalized α-syn accumulated in astrocytes, the cells produced inflammatory responses. Nurr1 may play a crucial role in this process and could be a therapeutic target for inflammatory damage caused by METH.
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107
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Leonard MZ, Rostin P, Hill KP, Grabitz SD, Eikermann M, Miczek KA. The Molecular-Container Calabadion-2 Prevents Methamphetamine-Induced Reinstatement in Rats: A Potential Approach to Relapse Prevention? Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 23:401-405. [PMID: 32531049 PMCID: PMC7311644 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyz070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reexposure to methamphetamine with a single "priming dose" can trigger intense cravings and precipitate relapse in methamphetamine-dependent individuals. The acyclic cucurbit[n]uril "molecular container" calabadion-2 shows a high affinity to bind and sequester methamphetamine in vitro and attenuates its locomotor-stimulating effect in rats. The present study investigates whether pretreatment with calabadion-2 is sufficient to prevent the reinstatement of drug seeking by a priming dose of methamphetamine in rats. METHODS Male Long-Evans rats were trained to self-administer i.v. methamphetamine (0.06 mg/kg/infusion). Following 10 days of stable self-administration, rats underwent extinction training and were subsequently tested on a multi-phase reinstatement procedure. Drug-primed reinstatement sessions (0.3 mg/kg methamphetamine, i.v.) were preceded by either saline or calabadion-2 (130 mg/kg). Additional reinstatement tests were conducted after administration of yohimbine (1.0 mg/kg, i.v.) to define the pharmacological specificity of calabadion-2. RESULTS Pretreatment with calabadion-2 significantly attenuated methamphetamine-induced reinstatement of responding. Cal2 did not affect drug-seeking behavior stimulated by the pharmacological stressor yohimbine, indicating a mechanism of action specific to methamphetamine. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the effectiveness of calabadion-2 in a preclinical model relapse-like behavior. With further structural optimization, molecular containers may provide a novel and efficacious pharmacokinetic approach to relapse prevention for methamphetamine-dependent individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Rostin
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kevin P Hill
- Division of Addiction Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Stephanie D Grabitz
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Matthias Eikermann
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany,Correspondence: Klaus Miczek, PhD, Department of Psychology, Tufts University Medford, 530 Boston Ave, 02155, MA () and Matthias Eikermann, MD, PhD, Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 330 Brookline Avenue, MA 02215 ()
| | - Klaus A Miczek
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA,Departments of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Tufts University, Boston, MA,Correspondence: Klaus Miczek, PhD, Department of Psychology, Tufts University Medford, 530 Boston Ave, 02155, MA () and Matthias Eikermann, MD, PhD, Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 330 Brookline Avenue, MA 02215 ()
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108
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Yan W, Wang Z, Lu S, Li J, Chen Q, Wang L, Chen S, Wang X, Xiong K, Yan J. Analysis of factors related to prognosis and death of fish bile poisoning in China: A retrospective study. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 127:419-428. [PMID: 32441465 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Fish bile has long been considered to have therapeutic benefits in folk medicine in some Asian countries. However, poisoning incidents and even death sporadically occurred when people consumed fish bile. Herein, we summarize the main characteristics of fish bile poisoning in China including clinical symptoms, treatment strategies and factors being associated with death and affecting prognosis, hoping to provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of fish bile poisoning, as well as forensic identification of death cases induced by fish bile poisoning. We suggest that the health authorities should make an effort to enhance people's awareness of the safety of traditional medicine like fish bile so as to reduce the incidence of adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Yan
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Neurobiology and Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shuang Lu
- Department of Neurobiology and Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingyu Li
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Siqi Chen
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Urumqi General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Neurobiology and Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
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109
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Yang G, Liu L, Zhang R, Li J, Leung CK, Huang J, Li Y, Shen B, Zeng X, Zhang D. Cannabidiol attenuates methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference via the Sigma1R/AKT/GSK-3β/CREB signaling pathway in rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2020; 9:202-211. [PMID: 32670551 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive psychostimulant. Cannabidiol (CBD) is an exogenous cannabinoid without psychostimulating activity, which has potential therapeutic effects on opioid addiction. However, it is unclear whether CBD has therapeutic effects on METH-induced motivational effects. The present study examines whether CBD has a protective effect on METH-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in rats by regulating the Sigma1R and AKT-GSK3β-CREB signaling pathway. Seventy rats were equally and randomly divided into seven groups. The rat CPP model was established via the intraperitoneal injection (IP) of 2 mg/kg of METH. Next, the intraperitoneal injection of 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg CBD was performed 1 h prior to the injection of saline or METH. The protein expression levels of Sigma1R, AKT, p-AKT, GSK-3β, p-GSK-3β, CREB, and p-CREB in the rats' prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, and hippocampus and ventral tegmental were detected using western blot analysis. CBD was found to inhibit METH-induced CPP in a dose-dependent fashion. The expression levels of Sigma1R, p-AKT, p-GSK3β, and p-CREB increased significantly in the METH-induced CPP model. Treatment involving different doses of CBD caused differential inhibitory responses in the cellular protein abundance of Sigma1R, p-AKT, p-GSK3β, and p-CREB across various brain regions. The present study found that METH can induce CPP in rats. When a pretreatment of CBD is applied, the CBD can weaken CPP in METH-induced rats by regulating the SigmaR1/AKT/GSK-3β/CREB signaling pathway. The results of this study indicate that CBD has a potential therapeutic effect on METH-induced rewarding effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genmeng Yang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Liu Liu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Ruilin Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Chi-Kwan Leung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian Huang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Baoyu Shen
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Dongxian Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
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Wang S, Zhang C, Chen W, Ren L, Ling J, Shang Y, Guo Y. Effects of Methamphetamine on the Development and Its Determination in Aldrichina grahami (Diptera: Calliphoridae). JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 57:691-696. [PMID: 31819957 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Age determination of necrophagous flies serves as an important tool for postmortem interval (PMI) estimation in forensic investigations. Drugs or toxins in cadavers may alter the developmental time of larvae, and lead to deviation in PMI estimation. Methamphetamine (MA), as one of the most abused psychostimulant drugs in Asia and North America, is often involved in forensic entomotoxicological cases. This study investigated the effects of MA (0, 45, 90, and 180 ng/mg) on the developmental rate, morphology, and survival of Aldrichina grahami (Aldrich, 1930). The results showed that 1) the developmental time to reach the pupal instar was statistically slower for the larvae reared on rabbit mince containing MA than for the control; 2) the mean length of the larvae exposed to MA concentrations was longer than those of the control; 3) the mean weight of the pupae exposed to the highest concentration of MA was significantly lighter than those of the control; 4) the GC-MS method can detect the content of MA in A. grahami immatures and empty puparia (EP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwen Wang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Changquan Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lipin Ren
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiang Ling
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanjie Shang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yadong Guo
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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111
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Ding J, Hu S, Meng Y, Li C, Huang J, He Y, Qiu P. Alpha-Synuclein deficiency ameliorates chronic methamphetamine induced neurodegeneration in mice. Toxicology 2020; 438:152461. [PMID: 32278788 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The α-Synuclein (α-syn) and tau have synergistic effects on neurodegenerative diseases induced by environmental factors or genetic mutation. Thus, we investigated the role of α-syn and tau in neurodegeneration induced by chronic methamphetamine (METH) exposure (1.0∼20.0 mg/kg/d body weight, for 14 consecutive days). Here, we present a mice model with evidences of α-syn and tau participating in toxicology in chronic METH. METH increased α-syn level in the stratum oriens, pyramidal layer, stratum radiatum and stratum moleculare of hippocampal CA1, CA2 and CA3, polymorph layer of hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), and substantia nigra (SN). The subcellular locations of the upregulated α-syn were mainly found in mitochondria and axons. The METH upregulated α-syn may directly induce mitochondrial damage, myelin sheath destruction, and synaptic failure. Also, the excess α-syn might indirectly promote tau phosphorylation through tau kinase GSK3β and CDK5, leading to microtubule depolymerization and eventually fusion deficit of autophagosome and lysosome. In the in vitro experiment, the autophagic vacuoles failed to fuse with the lysosome. The neuropathology induced by both the direct and indirect effects of α-syn could be alleviated by α-syn knockout. Taking together, these results indicate that the α-syn mediates the neurodegenerative process induced by chronic METH and that reducing α-syn might be a potential approach to protect the toxic effects of METH and also be, to a broader view, of therapeutic value in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyang Ding
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanshan Hu
- Good Clinical Practice Center, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China
| | - Yunle Meng
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Huang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650000, Yunnan, China
| | - Yitong He
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Pingming Qiu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
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112
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Li Y, Li S, Xia Y, Li X, Chen T, Yan J, Wang Y. Alteration of liver immunity by increasing inflammatory response during co-administration of methamphetamine and atazanavir. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:237-245. [PMID: 32249638 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1745829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Use of methamphetamine (METH) is prevalent among HIV-infected individuals. Previous research has shown that both METH and HIV protease inhibitors exert influences on mitochondrial respiratory metabolism and hepatic nervous system. This study aims to study the joint effect of METH and HIV protease inhibitors on hepatic immune function.Materials and methods: Based on the differentially expressed genes obtained from RNA-seq of the liver from mouse model, the expression levels of CD48 and Macrophage Receptor with Collagenous Structure (MARCO) were examined using qRT-PCR and flow cytometry, and the expression and secretion of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-γ, IFN-β, and TNF-α were determined using qRT-PCR and ELISA in THP-1-derived macrophages.Results: Our results indicated that compared with the control group, CD48 molecules were significantly down-regulated by METH-atazanavir co-treatment, and the expression level of CD48 decreased as METH concentration increases. MARCO molecules were increased, especially at larger doses of METH and atazanavir treatment. In addition, in the presence of METH-atazanavir, the expression and secretion of a series of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 increased while the expression and secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 decreased.Conclusion: These results demonstrated that METH and atazanavir had a combined impact on the liver immunity, suggesting that the co-treatment could enhance inflammatory response and suppress NK cell activation via CD48.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Li
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China.,Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Sangsang Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Xiangrong Li
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Tingjun Chen
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
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Meng Y, Qiao H, Ding J, He Y, Fan H, Li C, Qiu P. Effect of Parkin on methamphetamine-induced α-synuclein degradation dysfunction in vitro and in vivo. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01574. [PMID: 32086884 PMCID: PMC7177580 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Methamphetamine (METH) is a psychostimulant drug with complicated neurotoxicity, and abuse of METH is very common. Studies have shown that METH exposure causes alpha-synuclein (α-syn) accumulation. However, the mechanism of α-syn accumulation has not been determined. METHODS In this study, we established cell and animal models of METH intoxication to evaluate how METH affects α-syn expression. In addition, to explore METH-induced neurotoxicity, we measured the level of Parkin and the phosphorylation levels of α-syn, Polo-like kinase 2 (PLK2), the proteasome activity marker CD3δ, and the apoptosis-related proteins Caspase-3 and PARP. Parkin is a key enzyme in the ubiquitin-proteasome system. In addition, the effect of Parkin on METH-induced neurotoxicity was investigated by overexpressing it in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS METH exposure increased polyubiquitin and α-syn expression, as did MG132. Furthermore, the level of Parkin and the interaction between Parkin and α-syn decreased after METH exposure. Importantly, the increases in α-syn expression and neurotoxicity were relieved by Parkin overexpression. CONCLUSIONS By establishing stable cell lines and animal models that overexpress Parkin, we confirmed Parkin as an important factor in METH-induced α-syn degradation dysfunction in vitro and in vivo. Parkin may be a promising target for the treatment of METH-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunle Meng
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honghua Qiao
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong HuaTian Forensic Biology Judicial Evaluation Institute, Qingyuan, China
| | - Jiuyang Ding
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yitong He
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoling Fan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pingming Qiu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Mahmoudiasl GR, Abbaszadeh HA, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Abdollahifar MA, Sadeghi Y, Khoramgah MS, Niknazar S, Darabi S. Postmortem Study of Molecular and Histological Changes in the CA1 Hippocampal Region of Chronic Methamphetamine User. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2020; 18:2067-2082. [PMID: 32184870 PMCID: PMC7059073 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2019.15483.13123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (Meth) is recognized as one of the most important new distributed abused drug that causes severe damage to the different parts of the brain, especially hippocampus. Previous studies have demonstrated that Meth can induce apoptosis and cell death in the brain. In this study, we evaluated the long-term effects of Meth abuse in the CA1 region of postmortem hippocampus. Postmortem molecular and histological analysis was performed for five non-addicted subjects and five Meth addicted ones. Iba-1 (microglia) and glial fibrillary acidic protein, GFAP (astrocytes) expression were assayed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods. Histopathological assessment was done with stereological counts of hippocampal cells stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H and E). Tunel staining was used to detect DNA damage in human brains. In addition, protein-protein interaction analysis network was investigated. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry assay showed overexpression of GFAP and Iba-1 protein in the CA1 hippocampal region of Meth users’ brain. Stereological analysis in the CA1 region revealed increased neuron degeneration. Furthermore, significant apoptosis and cell death were confirmed by Tunel assay in the hippocampus. The prominent role of TLR4, IL1B, CASP1, and NLRP3 in the molecular mechanism of Meth was highlighted via PPI network analysis. Chronic Meth use can induce GFAP and Iba-1 upregulation and neuronal apoptosis in the CA1 region of the postmortem hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholam-Reza Mahmoudiasl
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojjat Allah Abbaszadeh
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Amin Abdollahifar
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Sadeghi
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Sadat Khoramgah
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Niknazar
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Darabi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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115
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Lee HS, Kim EN, Jeong GS. Lupenone Protects Neuroblastoma SH-SY5y Cells Against Methamphetamine-Induced Apoptotic Cell Death via PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051617. [PMID: 32120831 PMCID: PMC7084488 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is an addictive psychostimulant showing neurotoxicity through neuronal apoptosis and the neuro-inflammatory pathway. Lupenone, a lupane triterpenoid, is an isolated compound exhibiting anti-oxidative, anti-inflammation, and anti-diabetic activities. However, whether lupenone plays a protective role against apoptosis induced by METH in SH-SY5y neuroblastoma cells remains unknown. In the present study, we elucidated that lupenone had no toxicity to SH-SY5y cells at different concentrations. On the other hand, we found that the treatment of SH-SY5y cells with an optimal concentration of lupenone could lead to protection against cell death induced by METH. AnnexinV/PI apoptosis analysis revealed a dramatically reduced level of the apoptotic cell population in lupenon and METH treated SH-SY5y cells. Moreover, diminished expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, including Bcl-2, Caspase3, Caspase7, and Caspase8 in METH-exposed SH-SY5y cells, was significantly recovered by treatment with lupenone. This protection in the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins was due to an increased phosphorylation level of PI3K/Akt in METH-treated SH-SY5y cells pre-incubated with lupenone. These findings suggest that lupenone can protect SH-SY5y cells against METH-induced neuronal apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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116
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Sharma N, Shin EJ, Kim NH, Cho EH, Nguyen BT, Jeong JH, Jang CG, Nah SY, Kim HC. Far-infrared Ray-mediated Antioxidant Potentials are Important for Attenuating Psychotoxic Disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 17:990-1002. [PMID: 30819085 PMCID: PMC7052827 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x17666190228114318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Far-infrared ray (FIR) is an electromagnetic wave that produces various health benefits against pathophysiological conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, renocardiovascular disorders, stress, and depression etc. However, the therapeutic ap-plication on the FIR-mediated protective potentials remains to be further extended. To achieve better understanding on FIR-mediated therapeutic potentials, we summarized additional findings in the present study that exposure to FIR ameliorates stressful condition, memory impairments, drug dependence, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the central nervous system. In this review, we underlined that FIR requires modulations of janus kinase 2 / signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3), nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), muscarinic M1 acetylcholine receptor (M1 mAChR), dopamine D1 receptor, protein kinase C δ gene, and glutathione peroxidase-1 gene for exerting the protective potentials in response to neuropsychotoxic conditions
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, BK21 PLUS Project, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Shin
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, BK21 PLUS Project, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea
| | - Nam Hun Kim
- College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea
| | - Bao Trong Nguyen
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, BK21 PLUS Project, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Choon Gon Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Nah
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chun Kim
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, BK21 PLUS Project, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea
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117
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Leong HS, Philp M, Simone M, Witting PK, Fu S. Synthetic Cathinones Induce Cell Death in Dopaminergic SH-SY5Y Cells via Stimulating Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041370. [PMID: 32085614 PMCID: PMC7073199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing reports of neurological and psychiatric complications due to psychostimulant synthetic cathinones (SCs) have recently raised public concern. However, the precise mechanism of SC toxicity is unclear. This paucity of understanding highlights the need to investigate the in-vitro toxicity and mechanistic pathways of three SCs: butylone, pentylone, and 3,4-Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV). Human neuronal cells of SH-SY5Y were cultured in supplemented DMEM/F12 media and differentiated to a neuronal phenotype using retinoic acid (10 μM) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (81 nM). Trypan blue and lactate dehydrogenase assays were utilized to assess the neurotoxicity potential and potency of these three SCs. To investigate the underlying neurotoxicity mechanisms, measurements included markers of oxidative stress, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and intracellular calcium (Ca2+), and cell death pathways were evaluated at two doses (EC15 and EC40), for each drug tested. Following 24 h of treatment, all three SCs exhibited a dose-dependent neurotoxicity, characterized by a significant (p < 0.0001 vs. control) production of reactive oxygen species, decreased mitochondrial bioenergetics, and increased intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. The activation of caspases 3 and 7 implicated the orchestration of mitochondrial-mediated neurotoxicity mechanisms for these SCs. Identifying novel therapeutic agents to enhance an altered mitochondrial function may help in the treatment of acute-neurological complications arising from the illicit use of these SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey Sze Leong
- Centre for Forensic Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (H.S.L.); (M.P.)
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Morgan Philp
- Centre for Forensic Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (H.S.L.); (M.P.)
| | - Martin Simone
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Paul Kenneth Witting
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Correspondence: (P.K.W.); (S.F.); Tel.: +61-2-9114-0524 (P.K.W.); +61-2-9514-8207 (S.F.)
| | - Shanlin Fu
- Centre for Forensic Science, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (H.S.L.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence: (P.K.W.); (S.F.); Tel.: +61-2-9114-0524 (P.K.W.); +61-2-9514-8207 (S.F.)
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118
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Ding J, Lian Y, Meng Y, He Y, Fan H, Li C, Qiu P. The effect of α-synuclein and Tau in methamphetamine induced neurotoxicity in vivo and in vitro. Toxicol Lett 2020; 319:213-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Protective Effects of Melatonin on Methamphetamine-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction in Rat Model. Neurotox Res 2020; 37:640-660. [PMID: 31900895 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00156-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The specialized brain endothelial cells interconnected by unique junctions and adhesion molecules are distinctive features of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), maintaining the homeostasis of the cerebral microenvironment. This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of melatonin on methamphetamine (METH)-induced alterations of BBB integrity. Wistar rats were randomly distributed into groups and underwent melatonin pretreatment and escalating-high doses of METH treatment. Immunohistochemistry was performed to demonstrate the BBB leakage. Protein and RNA samples were isolated from hippocampal and prefrontal cortical tissues and measured expression levels of molecular markers associated with BBB structural components and inflammatory processes. METH provoked the loss of zonula occludens (ZO)-1, occludin, and claudin-5 tight junction proteins. Furthermore, METH caused an excessive increase in matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) enzyme, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and the increase in NAD(P)H oxidase 2 (NOX2). Melatonin exerted the protective effects by recovering tight junction loss; attenuating excessive MMP-9, NOX2, and cell adhesion molecule expression; and reducing serum albumin in the brain. Our results also showed the protective effects of melatonin against METH neurotoxic profiles, characterized by reactive gliosis: microglia (integrin-αM) and astrocyte (GFAP); an excessive upregulation of primary pro-inflammatory cytokines: interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α); activation of neuroinflammatory signaling: nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB); and suppression of anti-oxidative signaling: nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), that may exacerbate BBB structural impairment. Our results provide insights into the beneficial effects of melatonin against METH-induced BBB disruption and mechanisms that play detrimental roles in BBB impairment by in vivo design.
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Guo LM, Wang Z, Li SP, Wang M, Yan WT, Liu FX, Wang CD, Zhang XD, Chen D, Yan J, Xiong K. RIP3/MLKL-mediated neuronal necroptosis induced by methamphetamine at 39°C. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:865-874. [PMID: 31719251 PMCID: PMC6990769 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.268902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine is one of the most prevalent drugs abused in the world. Methamphetamine abusers usually present with hyperpyrexia (39°C), hallucination and other psychiatric symptoms. However, the detailed mechanism underlying its neurotoxic action remains elusive. This study investigated the effects of methamphetamine + 39°C on primary cortical neurons from the cortex of embryonic Sprague-Dawley rats. Primary cortex neurons were exposed to 1 mM methamphetamine + 39°C. Propidium iodide staining and lactate dehydrogenase release detection showed that methamphetamine + 39°C triggered obvious necrosis-like death in cultured primary cortical neurons, which could be partially inhibited by receptor-interacting protein-1 (RIP1) inhibitor Necrostatin-1 partially. Western blot assay results showed that there were increases in the expressions of receptor-interacting protein-3 (RIP3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) in the primary cortical neurons treated with 1 mM methamphetamine + 39°C for 3 hours. After pre-treatment with RIP3 inhibitor GSK’872, propidium iodide staining and lactate dehydrogenase release detection showed that neuronal necrosis rate was significantly decreased; RIP3 and MLKL protein expression significantly decreased. Immunohistochemistry staining results also showed that the expressions of RIP3 and MLKL were up-regulated in brain specimens from humans who had died of methamphetamine abuse. Taken together, the above results suggest that methamphetamine + 39°C can induce RIP3/MLKL regulated necroptosis, thereby resulting in neurotoxicity. The study protocol was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, China (approval numbers: 2017-S026 and 2017-S033) on March 7, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Min Guo
- Department of Neurobiology and Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province; Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shi-Ping Li
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Lianhua, Pingxiang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Mi Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wei-Tao Yan
- Department of Neurobiology and Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Feng-Xia Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Chu-Dong Wang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xu-Dong Zhang
- Narcotics Division, Municipal Security Bureau, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Neurobiology and Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Neurobiology and Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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Ghavidel N, Khodagholi F, Ahmadiani A, Khosrowabadi R, Asadi S, Shams J. Frontocingulate Dysfunction Is Associated with Depression and Decreased Serum PON1 in Methamphetamine-Dependent Patients. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:489-499. [PMID: 32110023 PMCID: PMC7037144 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s237528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studies have been reported that frequent use of methamphetamine (MA) is associated with brain function impairment, mood disorders and excessive free radical production accompanied by the decreased level of the antioxidant response elements, but no study investigated their correlations simultaneously. In the current study, the correlation of brain function, depression and anxiety levels, and the serum levels of PON1 (an antioxidant) in MA-dependent patients were investigated. METHODS Nineteen active MA abusers and 18 control subjects performed color-word Stroop task during fMRI and the state of their depression, anxiety, and stress were measured by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21) questionnaire. Their blood samples were collected to measure the level of PON1 by the human enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit and its correlation with the measured variables was studied. RESULTS Analysis of fMRI findings showed frontocingulate dysfunction in Stroop effect condition, including left anterior cingulate cortex, paracingulate gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, and frontal pole in MA-dependent patients, which was associated with a higher level of depression and decreased level of serum PON1 in these patients. DISCUSSION The results of the current study showed that MA-dependency is associated with frontocingulate dysfunction, decreased serum PON1 concentration, and increased depression/anxiety, which is worth to be more studied to elucidate their roles in the pathophysiology of MA addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nooshin Ghavidel
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolhassan Ahmadiani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Khosrowabadi
- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sareh Asadi
- NeuroBiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamal Shams
- Behavioral Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Heinzerling KG, Briones M, Thames AD, Hinkin CH, Zhu T, Wu YN, Shoptaw SJ. Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Targeting Neuroinflammation with Ibudilast to Treat Methamphetamine Use Disorder. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2019; 15:238-248. [PMID: 31820289 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-019-09883-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (MA) triggers neuroinflammation and medications that counteract MA-induced neuroinflammation may reduce MA-induced neurodegeneration and improve neurocognition and treatment outcomes in MA use disorder. We performed a randomized, placebo-controlled trial to determine the safety and efficacy of ibudilast (IBUD), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor that reduces neuroinflammation, for the treatment of MA use disorder. Treatment-seeking volunteers with MA use disorder were randomly assigned to receive 12 weeks of IBUD 50 mg twice daily (N = 64) or placebo (N = 61) with medication management counseling. Participants visited the outpatient research clinic twice weekly to provide urine specimens for drug screens and undergo study assessments. The primary outcome was end of treatment MA-abstinence (EOTA) during weeks 11 and 12 of treatment. Serum IBUID levels were measured for IBUD participants during week 3 of treatment. There was no difference in EOTA for IBUD (14%) versus placebo (16%, p > 0.05). There was no correlation between serum IBUD levels and MA use during treatment and mean IBUD levels for participants with (mean = 51.3, SD = 20.3) and without (mean = 54.7, SD = 33.0, p = 0.70) EOTA. IBUD was well tolerated. IBUD did not facilitate MA abstinence in this outpatient trial. Whether targeting neuroinflammation, either with IBUD in other subgroups of MA users or clinical trial designs, or with other anti-inflammatory medications, is an effective strategy for treating MA use disorder is not clear. Graphical Abstract The proportion of urine drug screens negative for methamphetamine (MA) during the two week lead-in period (weeks -2 and - 1) and the 12 week medication treatment period (weeks 1-12) for ibudilast versus placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith G Heinzerling
- Department of Family Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Marisa Briones
- Department of Family Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - April D Thames
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Charles H Hinkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tianle Zhu
- Department of Statistics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ying Nian Wu
- Department of Statistics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steven J Shoptaw
- Department of Family Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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123
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Ru Q, Xiong Q, Tian X, Chen L, Zhou M, Li Y, Li C. Tea Polyphenols Attenuate Methamphetamine-Induced Neuronal Damage in PC12 Cells by Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Promoting DNA Repair. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1450. [PMID: 31920684 PMCID: PMC6915097 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA integrity plays a crucial role in cell survival. Methamphetamine (METH) is an illegal psychoactive substance that is abused worldwide, and repeated exposure to METH could form mass free radicals and induce neuronal apoptosis. It has been reported that free radicals generated by METH treatment can oxidize DNA and hence produce strand breaks, but whether oxidative DNA damage is involved in the neurotoxicity caused by METH remains unclear. Tea polyphenols exert bioactivities through antioxidant-related mechanisms. However, the potential neuroprotective effect of tea polyphenols on METH-induced nerve cell damage and the underlying mechanism remain to be clarified. In this study, oxidative stress, DNA damage, and cell apoptosis were increased after METH exposure, and the expressions of DNA repair-associated proteins, including the phosphorylation of ataxia telangiectasia mutant (p-ATM) and checkpoint kinase 2 (p-Chk2), significantly declined in PC12 cells after high-dose or long-time METH treatment. Additionally, tea polyphenols could protect PC12 cells against METH-induced cell viability loss, reactive oxide species and nitric oxide production, and mitochondrial dysfunction and suppress METH-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, tea polyphenols could increase the antioxidant capacities and expressions of p-ATM and p-Chk2 and then attenuate DNA damage via activating the DNA repair signaling pathway. These findings indicate that METH is likely to induce neurotoxicity by inducing DNA damage, which can be reversed by tea polyphenols. Supplementation with tea polyphenols could be an effective nutritional prevention strategy for METH-induced neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ru
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Xiong
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Tian
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei Zhou
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaoying Li
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
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124
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Lu S, Liao L, Zhang B, Yan W, Chen L, Yan H, Guo L, Lu S, Xiong K, Yan J. Antioxidant cascades confer neuroprotection in ethanol, morphine, and methamphetamine preconditioning. Neurochem Int 2019; 131:104540. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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125
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Soares E, Pereira FC. Pharmacotherapeutic strategies for methamphetamine use disorder: mind the subgroups. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019; 20:2273-2293. [PMID: 31671001 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1681970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Drug use related deaths are increasing and the lack of effective treatment for psychostimulants can be largely held responsible. Particularly, no pharmacotherapy is approved for methamphetamine (METH) use disorder despite decades of research. Only psychosocial interventions are clinically used, with limited long-term recovery and relapse.Areas covered: This review aims to select and describe the most relevant findings to date. Selected clinical trials were found in PubMed using the following keywords ('methamphetamine') and ('addiction' OR 'withdrawal' OR 'treatment' OR 'pharmacotherapy'). Randomized placebo-controlled trials enrolling treatment-seeking METH-dependent subjects and inherent secondary analysis were included.Expert opinion: Overall, end-of-treatment abstinence, reduced METH use or lower relapse rates were seen on METH dependent subgroups or attained significance only following post hoc analysis, irrespective of the medication tested. For example, light and heavy METH users seem to respond differently to pharmacotherapy. This together with the heterogeneous nature of the METH dependent population strongly suggests that some drugs herein described (e.g. mirtazapine, methylphenidate) should be further tested in clinical trials focused on subgroups. Lastly, objective measures, such as urinalysis, are mandatory to include in clinical trials and early treatment response and/or medication compliance should be carefully monitored and considered as predictors of success/failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna Soares
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics/iCBR, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Neuroscience, Vision and Brain Diseases, CNC.IBILI-University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Frederico C Pereira
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics/iCBR, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Neuroscience, Vision and Brain Diseases, CNC.IBILI-University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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126
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Hacimusalar Y, Karaaslan O, Bal C, Kocer D, Gok G, Yildiz B. Methamphetamine’s effects on oxidative stress markers may continue after detoxification: a case–control study. PSYCHIAT CLIN PSYCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1652414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Hacimusalar
- Department of Psychiatry, Yozgat Bozok University Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Ozgul Karaaslan
- Department of Psychiatry, Yozgat Bozok University Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Ceylan Bal
- Department of Biochemistry, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Derya Kocer
- Department of Biochemistry, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gamze Gok
- Department of Biochemistry, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bayram Yildiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Kayseri State Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
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127
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Wen D, Hui R, Wang J, Shen X, Xie B, Gong M, Yu F, Cong B, Ma C. Effects of Molecular Hydrogen on Methamphetamine-Induced Neurotoxicity and Spatial Memory Impairment. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:823. [PMID: 31396089 PMCID: PMC6664236 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive stimulant, and METH exposure can induce irreversible neuronal damage and cause neuropsychiatric and cognitive disorders. The ever-increasing levels of METH abuse worldwide have necessitated the identification of effective intervention strategies to protect the brain against METH-induced neurotoxicity. The protective effects of molecular hydrogen on oxidative stress and related neurodegenerative diseases have been recently elucidated. Herein, we investigated whether treatment with molecular hydrogen ameliorated the METH-induced neurotoxicity and spatial learning and memory impairments. Male C57BL/6 mice received four intraperitoneal METH injections (10 mg/kg, 3-h interval), and stereotypic behaviors and hyperthermia were observed. After METH treatment and behavioral observation, the mice were returned to their home cages, where they received water or hydrogen-rich water (HRW) ad libitum for 7 days. We found that the molecular hydrogen delivered by ad libitum HRW consumption significantly inhibited the METH-induced spatial learning impairment and memory loss evidenced in the Barnes maze and Morris water maze tests. Furthermore, molecular hydrogen significantly restrained the neuronal damage in the hippocampus after high-dose METH exposure. Ad libitum HRW consumption also had an inhibitory effect on the METH-induced increase in the expression of Bax/Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, glucose-related protein 78 (GRP 78), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), and p-NF-kB p65 expression and elevation of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels in the hippocampus. These are the first findings to indicate that hydrogen might ameliorate METH-induced neurotoxicity and has a potential application in reducing the risk of neurodegeneration frequently observed in METH abusers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wen
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Rongji Hui
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xi Shen
- College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bing Xie
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Miao Gong
- Department of Histoembryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Feng Yu
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bin Cong
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chunling Ma
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Shijiazhuang, China
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128
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Lu S, Yang X, Wang C, Chen S, Lu S, Yan W, Xiong K, Liu F, Yan J. Current status and potential role of circular RNAs in neurological disorders. J Neurochem 2019; 150:237-248. [PMID: 31099046 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Given the importance of non-coding RNAs in modulating normal brain functions and their implications in the treatment of neurological disorders, non-coding RNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies have shown great clinical potential. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as potentially important players in this field. Recent studies have indicated that circRNAs might play vital roles in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, ischemic brain injury, and neurotoxicity. However, the mechanisms of action of circRNAs have not been fully characterized. We aimed to review recent advances in circRNA research in the brain to provide new insights on the roles of circRNAs in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Lu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chudong Wang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siqi Chen
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuang Lu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weitao Yan
- Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fengxia Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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129
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Seyedhosseini Tamijani SM, Beirami E, Ahmadiani A, Dargahi L. Thyroid hormone treatment alleviates the impairments of neurogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis and memory performance induced by methamphetamine. Neurotoxicology 2019; 74:7-18. [PMID: 31075280 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronic use of methamphetamine (MA), a neurotoxic psychostimulant, leads to long-lasting cognitive dysfunctions in humans and animal models. Thyroid hormones (THs) have several physiological actions and are crucial for normal behavioral, intellectual and neurological development. Considering the importance of THs in the cognitive processes, the present study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of THs on cognitive and neurological impairments induced by MA. Escalating doses of MA (1-10 mg/kg, IP) were injected twice daily for 10 consecutive days in rats and cognitive functions were evaluated using behavioral tests. The expression of factors involved in neurogenesis (NES and DCX), mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α, NRF-1, and TFAM), neuroinflammation (GFAP, Iba-1, and COX-2) as well as Reelin and NT-3 (synaptic plasticity and neurotrophic factor, respectively) was measured in the hippocampus of MA-treated animals. The effects of three different doses of T4 (20, 40 or 80 μg/kg; intraperitoneally) or T3 (20, 40 or 80 μg/rat; 2.5 μl/nostril; intranasal) treatment, once a day for one week after MA cessation, were assessed in MA-treated rats. After the last behavioral test, serum T4 and T3 levels were measured using radioimmunoassay. The results revealed that repeated escalating regimen of MA impaired cognitive functions concomitant with neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity impairments, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. T4 or T3 treatment partially decreased the alterations induced by MA. These findings suggest that THs can be considered as potential candidates for the reduction of MA abuse related neurocognitive disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Masoumeh Seyedhosseini Tamijani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Elmira Beirami
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abolhassan Ahmadiani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Dargahi
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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130
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Yang X, Wang C, Zhang X, Chen S, Chen L, Lu S, Lu S, Yan X, Xiong K, Liu F, Yan J. Redox regulation in hydrogen sulfide action: From neurotoxicity to neuroprotection. Neurochem Int 2019; 128:58-69. [PMID: 31015021 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Department of Forensic Science,Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Chudong Wang
- Department of Forensic Science,Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Narcotics Division, Municipal Security Bureau, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Siqi Chen
- Department of Forensic Science,Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Liangpei Chen
- Department of Forensic Science,Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Shanshan Lu
- Department of Forensic Science,Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; Histology and Embryology,Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Shuang Lu
- Department of Forensic Science,Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Xisheng Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Fengxia Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830001, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Forensic Science,Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830001, China.
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131
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Methamphetamine regulates βAPP processing in human neuroblastoma cells. Neurosci Lett 2019; 701:20-25. [PMID: 30771376 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine is a potent and highly addictive psychostimulant whose abuse has turned out to be a global health hazard. The multitudinous effects it exerts at the cellular level induces neurotoxic responses in the human brain, ultimately leading to neurocognitive disorders. Strikingly, brain changes, tissue damage and neuropsychological symptoms due to Meth exposure compels and necessitates to link the probability of risk of developing premature Alzheimer's disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by amyloid plaques composed of amyloid-β peptides and clinical dementia. These peptides are derived from sequential cleavages of the β-amyloid precursor protein by β- and γ-secretases. Previous studies reveals evidence for both positive and negative effects of Meth pertaining to cognitive functioning based on the dosage paradigm and duration of exposure revealing a beneficial psychotropic profile under some conditions and deleterious cognitive deficits under some others. In this context, we proposed to examine the effect of Meth on βAPP metabolism and βAPP-cleaving secretases in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. Our results showed that Meth dose-dependently increases BACE1 expression and catalytic activity, while its effect on the α-cleavage of βAPP and on the expression and catalytic activity of the main α-secretase ADAM10 display a bell-curve shape. To our knowledge, the present study is the first to demonstrate that Meth can control βAPP-cleaving secretases. Moreover, we propose from these findings that the deleterious effect of Meth on cognitive decline might be an outcome of high dosage paradigm whereas acute and short-term drug use which stimulated sAPPα might produce improvements in cognition in disorders such as AD.
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132
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Sharma N, Shin EJ, Kim NH, Cho EH, Jeong JH, Jang CG, Nah SY, Nabeshima T, Yoneda Y, Cadet JL, Kim HC. Protective potentials of far-infrared ray against neuropsychotoxic conditions. Neurochem Int 2019; 122:144-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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