101
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Grundmann F, Kaiser M, Schiell M, Batzer A, Kurz M, Thanwisai A, Chantratita N, Bode HB. Antiparasitic chaiyaphumines from entomopathogenic Xenorhabdus sp. PB61.4. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:779-783. [PMID: 24673206 DOI: 10.1021/np4007525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A new class of four depsipentapeptides called chaiyaphumines A-D (1-4) was isolated from Xenorhabdus sp. PB61.4. Their structures were elucidated by detailed 1D and 2D NMR experiments and by a Marfey's analysis following flash hydrolysis of the peptide. Verification of the structure was achieved by three-dimensional modeling using NOE-derived distance constraints, molecular dynamics, and energy minimization. Chaiyaphumine A (1) showed good activity against Plasmodium falciparum (IC50 of 0.61 μM), the causative agent of malaria, and was active against other protozoal tropical disease causing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Grundmann
- Merck Stiftungsprofessur für Molekulare Biotechnologie, Fachbereich Biowissenschaften, Goethe Universität Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Straße 9 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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102
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Toward the Development of Dual-Targeted Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase/Trypanothione Reductase Inhibitors againstTrypanosoma bruceiandTrypanosoma cruzi. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:371-82. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201300399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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103
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Arevabini C, Crivelenti YD, de Abreu MH, Bitencourt TA, Santos MFC, Berlinck RGS, Hajdu E, Beleboni RO, Fachin AL, Marins M. Antifungal Activity of Metabolites from the Marine Sponges Amphimedon sp. and Monanchora arbuscula against Aspergillus flavus Strains Isolated from Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea). Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Contamination of preharvest and stored peanuts ( Arachis hypogaea L.) by aflatoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus is an important economical and food safety problem in many tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The present investigation reports the antifungal activity of a halitoxins/amphitoxins enriched extract obtained from the sponge Amphimedon sp. (HAEEAsp), and of batzelladine L isolated from the sponge Monanchora arbuscula on Aspergillus flavus isolated from stored peanuts. A PCR system directed against the ITS region and aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway genes of A. flavus was applied for identification of aflatoxin producing strains. The HAEEAsp extract and batzelladine L showed minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) in the range between 1.9 to 15.6 μg/mL and between 1.9 to 7.8 μg/mL, respectively. The minimal fungicide concentration (MFC) of HAEEAsp extract and batzelladine L was in the range between 3.9 to 31.3 μg/mL and 3.9 to 15.6 μg/mL, respectively. These results indicate that these marine alkaloids may be further explored for the development of potential lead compounds active against aflatoxigenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Arevabini
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, CEP 14096–900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Yasmin D. Crivelenti
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, CEP 14096–900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana H. de Abreu
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, CEP 14096–900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Tamires A. Bitencourt
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, CEP 14096–900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Mário F. C. Santos
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 13560–970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberto G. S. Berlinck
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 13560–970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Hajdu
- Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, s/n, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renê O. Beleboni
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, CEP 14096–900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana L. Fachin
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, CEP 14096–900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Mozart Marins
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, CEP 14096–900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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104
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Ngamgwe RF, Yankam R, Chouna JR, Lanz C, Furrer J, Schürch S, Kaiser M, Lenta BN, Ngouela S, Tsamo E, Brenneisen R. Procerenone: a Fatty Acid Triterpenoid from the Fruit Pericarp of Omphalocarpum procerum (Sapotaceae). IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2014; 13:1425-30. [PMID: 25587333 PMCID: PMC4232810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of a dichloromethane-methanol (1:1) extract of the fruit pericarp of Omphalocarpum procerum which exhibited antiplasmodial activity during preliminary screening led to the isolation of the new fatty ester triterpenoid 3β-hexadecanoyloxy-28-hydroxyolean-12-en-11-one (1), together with five known compounds 2-6. The structure of the new compound as well as those of the known compounds was established by means of spectroscopic methods and by comparison with previously reported data. Compounds 1- 4 were evaluated in-vitro for their cytotoxicity against L6 cell lines and antiprotozoal activities against Plasmodium falciparum, Leishmania donovani, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and Trypanosoma cruzi (species responsible for human malaria, visceral leishmaniasis, African trypanosomiasis and Chagas disease, respectively). The tested compounds showed weak to moderate antiprotozoal activity and, no significant effect was detected regarding their cytotoxic potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosine Fotsing Ngamgwe
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, TWAS Research Unit, University of Yaoundé 1, P. O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Raoul Yankam
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Jean Rodolphe Chouna
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P. O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Christian Lanz
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Julien Furrer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Berne, Switzerland.
| | - Stefan Schürch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Berne, Switzerland.
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. ,University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Bruno Ndjakou Lenta
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaoundé 1, P. O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,E-mail:
| | - Silvère Ngouela
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Etienne Tsamo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, TWAS Research Unit, University of Yaoundé 1, P. O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Rudolf Brenneisen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland.
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105
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von Bargen KW, Niehaus EM, Bergander K, Brun R, Tudzynski B, Humpf HU. Structure elucidation and antimalarial activity of apicidin F: an apicidin-like compound produced by Fusarium fujikuroi. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2013; 76:2136-2140. [PMID: 24195442 DOI: 10.1021/np4006053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Apicidins are cyclic tetrapeptides with histone deacetylase inhibitory activity. Since their discovery in 1996 a multitude of studies concerning the activity against protozoa and certain cancer cell lines of natural and synthetic apicidin analogues have been published. Until now, the only published natural sources of apicidin are the fungus Fusarium pallidoroseum, later known as F. semitectum and two unspecified Fusarium strains. The biosynthetic origin of apicidins could be associated with a gene cluster, and a biosynthetic pathway has been proposed. Recently, our group was able to identify for the first time an apicidin-like gene cluster in F. fujikuroi that apparently does not lead to the production of any known apicidin analogue. By overexpressing the pathway-specific transcription factor we were able to identify a new apicidin-like compound. The present study provides the complete structure elucidation of the new compound, named apicidin F. Activity evaluation against Plasmodium falciparum showed good in vitro activity with an IC50 value of 0.67 μM.
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106
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Antiprotozoal activity of dicationic 3,5-diphenylisoxazoles, their prodrugs and aza-analogues. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 22:559-76. [PMID: 24268543 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Fifty novel prodrugs and aza-analogues of 3,5-bis(4-amidinophenyl)isoxazole and its derivatives were prepared. Eighteen of the 24 aza-analogues exhibited IC₅₀ values below 25 nM against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense or Plasmodium falciparum. Six compounds had antitrypanosomal IC₅₀ values below 10 nM. Twelve analogues showed similar antiplasmodial activities, including three with sub-nanomolar potencies. Forty-four diamidines (including 16 aza-analogues) and the 26 prodrugs were evaluated for efficacy in mice infected with T. b. rhodesiense STIB900. Six diamidines cured 4/4 mice at daily 5 mg/kg intraperitoneal doses for 4 days, giving results far superior to pentamidine and furamidine. One prodrug attained 3/4 cures at daily 25 mg/kg oral doses for 4 days.
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107
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Al-Abd NM, Nor ZM, Al-Adhroey AH, Suhaimi A, Sivanandam S. Recent advances on the use of biochemical extracts as filaricidal agents. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2013; 2013:986573. [PMID: 24298292 PMCID: PMC3835708 DOI: 10.1155/2013/986573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Lymphatic filariasis is a parasitic infection that causes a devastating public health and socioeconomic burden with an estimated infection of over 120 million individuals worldwide. The infection is caused by three closely related nematode parasites, namely, Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and B. timori, which are transmitted to human through mosquitoes of Anopheles, Culex, and Aedes genera. The species have many ecological variants and are diversified in terms of their genetic fingerprint. The rapid spread of the disease and the genetic diversification cause the lymphatic filarial parasites to respond differently to diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. This in turn prompts the current challenge encountered in its management. Furthermore, most of the chemical medications used are characterized by adverse side effects. These complications urgently warrant intense prospecting on bio-chemicals that have potent efficacy against either the filarial worms or thier vector. In lieu of this, we presented a review on recent literature that reported the efficacy of filaricidal biochemicals and those employed as vector control agents. In addition, methods used for biochemical extraction, screening procedures, and structure of the bioactive compounds were also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazeh M. Al-Abd
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zurainee Mohamed Nor
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abdulelah H. Al-Adhroey
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anwar Suhaimi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S. Sivanandam
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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108
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Synthesis and in vitro and in vivo evaluation of antimalarial polyamines. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 69:22-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 07/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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109
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Jones AJ, Grkovic T, Sykes ML, Avery VM. Trypanocidal activity of marine natural products. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:4058-82. [PMID: 24152565 PMCID: PMC3826150 DOI: 10.3390/md11104058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine natural products are a diverse, unique collection of compounds with immense therapeutic potential. This has resulted in these molecules being evaluated for a number of different disease indications including the neglected protozoan diseases, human African trypanosomiasis and Chagas disease, for which very few drugs are currently available. This article will review the marine natural products for which activity against the kinetoplastid parasites; Trypanosoma brucei brucei, T.b. rhodesiense and T. cruzi has been reported. As it is important to know the selectivity of a compound when evaluating its trypanocidal activity, this article will only cover molecules which have simultaneously been tested for cytotoxicity against a mammalian cell line. Compounds have been grouped according to their chemical structure and representative examples from each class were selected for detailed discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy J Jones
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane 4111, Australia.
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110
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de Almeida Nogueira NP, Morgado-Díaz JA, Menna-Barreto RFS, Paes MC, da Silva-López RE. Effects of a marine serine protease inhibitor on viability and morphology of Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas disease. Acta Trop 2013; 128:27-35. [PMID: 23770204 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that serine peptidase activities of Trypanosoma cruzi play crucial roles in parasite dissemination and host cell invasion and therefore their inhibition could affect the progress of Chagas disease. The present study investigates the interference of the Stichodactyla helianthus Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor (ShPI-I), a 55-amino acid peptide, in T. cruzi serine peptidase activities, parasite viability, and parasite morphology. The effect of this peptide was also studied in Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes and it was proved to be a powerful inhibitor of serine proteases activities and the parasite viability. The ultrastructural alterations caused by ShPI-I included vesiculation of the flagellar pocket membrane and the appearance of a cytoplasmic vesicle that resembles an autophagic vacuole. ShPI-I, which showed itself to be an important T. cruzi serine peptidase inhibitor, reduced the parasite viability, in a dose and time dependent manner. The maximum effect of peptide on T. cruzi viability was observed when ShPI-I at 1×10(-5)M was incubated for 24 and 48h which killed completely both metacyclic trypomastigote and epimastigote forms. At 1×10(-6)M ShPI-I, in the same periods of time, reduced parasite viability about 91-95% respectively. Ultrastructural analysis demonstrated the formation of concentric membranar structures especially in the cytosol, involving organelles and small vesicles. Profiles of endoplasmic reticulum were also detected, surrounding cytosolic vesicles that resembled autophagic vacuoles. These results suggest that serine peptidases are important in T. cruzi physiology since the inhibition of their activity killed parasites in vitro as well as inducing important morphological alterations. Protease inhibitors thus appear to have a potential role as anti-trypanosomatidal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Pereira de Almeida Nogueira
- Laboratório de Interação de Tripanosomatídeos e Vetores, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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111
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Lam CFC, Pearce AN, Tan SH, Kaiser M, Copp BR. Discovery and evaluation of thiazinoquinones as anti-protozoal agents. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:3472-99. [PMID: 24022732 PMCID: PMC3806465 DOI: 10.3390/md11093472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pure compound screening has identified the dioxothiazino-quinoline-quinone ascidian metabolite ascidiathiazone A (2) to be a moderate growth inhibitor of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (IC50 3.1 μM) and Plasmodium falciparum (K1 dual drug resistant strain) (IC50 3.3 μM) while exhibiting low levels of cytotoxicity (L6, IC50 167 μM). A series of C-7 amide and Δ2(3) analogues were prepared that explored the influence of lipophilicity and oxidation state on observed anti-protozoal activity and selectivity. Little variation in anti-malarial potency was observed (IC50 0.62–6.5 μM), and no correlation was apparent between anti-malarial and anti-T. brucei activity. Phenethylamide 7e and Δ2(3)-glycine analogue 8k exhibited similar anti-Pf activity to 2 but with slightly enhanced selectivity (SI 72 and 93, respectively), while Δ2(3)-phenethylamide 8e (IC50 0.67 μM, SI 78) exhibited improved potency and selectivity towards T. brucei rhodesiense compared to the natural product hit. A second series of analogues were prepared that replaced the quinoline ring of 2 with benzofuran or benzothiophene moieties. While esters 10a/10b and 15 were once again found to exhibit cytotoxicity, carboxylic acid analogues exhibited potent anti-Pf activity (IC50 0.34–0.035 μM) combined with excellent selectivity (SI 560–4000). In vivo evaluation of a furan carboxylic acid analogue against P. berghei was undertaken, demonstrating 85.7% and 47% reductions in parasitaemia with ip or oral dosing respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cary F. C. Lam
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; E-Mails: (C.F.C.L.); (A.N.P.); (S.H.T.)
| | - A. Norrie Pearce
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; E-Mails: (C.F.C.L.); (A.N.P.); (S.H.T.)
| | - Shen H. Tan
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; E-Mails: (C.F.C.L.); (A.N.P.); (S.H.T.)
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, PO Box, Basel CH-4002, Switzerland; E-Mail:
- University of Basel, Basel CH-4003, Switzerland
| | - Brent R. Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; E-Mails: (C.F.C.L.); (A.N.P.); (S.H.T.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +64-9-923-8284; Fax: +64-9-373-7422
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112
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Patrick DA, Bakunov SA, Bakunova SM, Jones SK, Wenzler T, Barszcz T, Kumar A, Boykin DW, Werbovetz KA, Brun R, Tidwell RR. Synthesis and antiprotozoal activities of benzyl phenyl ether diamidine derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 67:310-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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113
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Papadopoulou MV, Bloomer WD, Rosenzweig HS, Kaiser M, Chatelain E, Ioset JR. Novel 3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazole-based piperazines and 2-amino-1,3-benzothiazoles as antichagasic agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:6600-7. [PMID: 24012457 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that 3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazole-based amines demonstrate significant trypanocidal activity, in particular against Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative parasite of Chagas disease. In the present work we further expanded our research by evaluating in vitro the trypanocidal activity of nitrotriazole-based piperazines and nitrotriazole-based 2-amino-1,3-benzothiazoles to establish additional SARs. All nitrotriazole-based derivatives were active or moderately active against T. cruzi; however two of them did not fulfill the selectivity criteria. Five derivatives were active or moderately active against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense while one derivative was moderately active against Leishmania donovani. Active compounds against T. cruzi demonstrated selectivity indexes (toxicity to host cells/toxicity to T. cruzi amastigotes) from 117 to 1725 and 12 of 13 compounds were up to 39-fold more potent than the reference compound benznidazole. Detailed SARs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Papadopoulou
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Department of Radiation Medicine, 2650 Ridge Ave., Evanston, IL 60201, USA.
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114
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Munigunti R, Becker K, Brun R, Calderón AI. Determination of Antiplasmodial Activity and Binding Affinity of Selected Natural Products towards PfTrxR and PfGR. Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300800827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In our study, the binding affinities of selected natural products towards PfTrxR, PfGR, human TrxR and human GR were determined using a mass spectrometry based ligand binding assay. The in vitro antimalarial activity and cytotoxicity of these ligands were also determined. Catharanthine, 11-(OH)-coronaridine, hernagine, vobasine and hispolone displayed antiplasmodial activity against PfK1 (IC50 = 0.996–3.63 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjith Munigunti
- Department of Pharmacal Sciences, 4306 Walker Building, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Katja Becker
- Interdisciplinary Research Center, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Reto Brun
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Angela I. Calderón
- Department of Pharmacal Sciences, 4306 Walker Building, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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115
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Bringmann G, Zhang G, Olschläger T, Stich A, Wu J, Chatterjee M, Brun R. Highly selective antiplasmodial naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids from Ancistrocladus tectorius. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2013; 91:220-8. [PMID: 22459968 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, named ancistectorine A1, N-methylancistectorine A1, ancistectorine A2, 5-epi-ancistectorine A2, ancistectorine A3, ancistectorine B1, and ancistectorine C1, have been isolated from twigs of the Chinese plant Ancistrocladus tectorius. The structural elucidation succeeded by chemical, spectroscopic, and chiroptical methods. Three of these compounds exhibited excellent, and specific, antiplasmodial activities, comparable with that of the as yet most active representative, dioncophylline C. Moreover, the antitumoral activities of two of the main alkaloids in this species was tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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116
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Patrick DA, Ismail MA, Arafa RK, Wenzler T, Zhu X, Pandharkar T, Jones SK, Werbovetz KA, Brun R, Boykin DW, Tidwell RR. Synthesis and antiprotozoal activity of dicationic m-terphenyl and 1,3-dipyridylbenzene derivatives. J Med Chem 2013; 56:5473-94. [PMID: 23795673 DOI: 10.1021/jm400508e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
4,4″-Diamidino-m-terphenyl (1) and 36 analogues were prepared and assayed in vitro against T rypanosoma brucei rhodesiense , Trypanosoma cruzi , Plasmodium falciparum , and Leishmania amazonensis . Twenty-three compounds were highly active against T. b. rhodesiense or P. falciparum. Most noteworthy were amidines 1, 10, and 11 with IC50 of 4 nM against T. b. rhodesiense, and dimethyltetrahydropyrimidinyl analogues 4 and 9 with IC50 values of ≤ 3 nM against P. falciparum. Bis-pyridylimidamide derivative 31 was 25 times more potent than benznidazole against T. cruzi and slightly more potent than amphotericin B against L. amazonensis. Terphenyldiamidine 1 and dipyridylbenzene analogues 23 and 25 each cured 4/4 mice infected with T. b. rhodesiense STIB900 with four daily 5 mg/kg intraperitoneal doses, as well as with single doses of ≤ 10 mg/kg. Derivatives 5 and 28 (prodrugs of 1 and 25) each cured 3/4 mice with four daily 25 mg/kg oral doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald A Patrick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7525, United States
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Friggeri L, Scipione L, Costi R, Kaiser M, Moraca F, Zamperini C, Botta B, Di Santo R, De Vita D, Brun R, Tortorella S. New Promising Compounds with in Vitro Nanomolar Activity against Trypanosoma cruzi. ACS Med Chem Lett 2013; 4:538-41. [PMID: 24900706 DOI: 10.1021/ml400039r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The antiparasitic activity of azole and new 4-aminopyridine derivatives has been investigated. The imidazoles 1 and 3-5 showed a potent in vitro antichagasic activity with IC50 values in the low nanomolar concentration range. The (S)-1, (S)-3, and (S)-5 enantiomers showed (up to) a thousand-fold higher activity than the reference drug benznidazole and furthermore low cytotoxicity on rat myogenic L6 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Friggeri
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie
del Farmaco, “Sapienza” Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Scipione
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie
del Farmaco, “Sapienza” Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Costi
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione
Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, “Sapienza” Università di Roma,
P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Department Medical Parasitology
and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Moraca
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie,
Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Claudio Zamperini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie,
Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Bruno Botta
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie
del Farmaco, “Sapienza” Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Santo
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione
Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, “Sapienza” Università di Roma,
P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela De Vita
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie
del Farmaco, “Sapienza” Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Reto Brun
- Department Medical Parasitology
and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Silvano Tortorella
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie
del Farmaco, “Sapienza” Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Obbo CJD, Makanga B, Mulholland DA, Coombes PH, Brun R. Antiprotozoal activity of Khaya anthotheca, (Welv.) C.D.C. a plant used by chimpanzees for self-medication. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 147:220-223. [PMID: 23501156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Revised: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Khaya species, endemic to Africa and Madagascar, continues to be valuable in indigenous traditional medicine. Their bitter tasting barks are decocted to treat fevers, several febrile conditions, microbial infections and worm infestations. In the Budongo rain forest of Western Uganda, non-human primates, especially chimpanzees and baboons, have been observed to eat the bitter non-nutritious bark and occasionally the seed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Extracts were prepared by sequential fractionation with solvents of increasing polarities and assayed using standard procedures. Bioassay guided purification of the petroleum ether extract by column chromatography yielded three pure limonoids, Grandifolione (1), 7-deacetylkhivorin (2) and 1,3-deacetyldeoxyhavenensin (3). The antitrypanosomal, antileishmanial and antiplasmodial activities of pure compounds (1) and (2) were evaluated in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum K1, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense STIB 900, Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes (Tulahuen C4), and axenic Leishmania donovani MHOMET-67/L82 and for cytotoxicity against L6 rat skeletal myoblast cells, in parallel with standard drugs. RESULTS Of the four extracts tested, the petroleum ether extract showed activity against Plasmodium falciparum (IC50 0.955 μg/ml) and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (IC50 5.72 μg/ml). The pure compounds (1) and (2) demonstrated activity against Plasmodium falciparum (KI strain) and marginal activities against Trypanosoma brucei brucei, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania donovani. CONCLUSION The present study provides evidence justifying the use of Khaya preparations in traditional medicine to treat fevers and microbial infections. The observed antiprotozoal activity of grandifolione and 7-deacetylkhivorin from the seed of Khaya anthotheca further confirms the ethnomedicinal potential of this plant and supports the hypothesis that non-human hominids (chimpanzees and baboons) too, eat the bitter bark and seeds for self-medication and in general, the use of Khaya plant material for medication by humans in disease endemic tropical areas. The antiprotozoal activity of gradifolione, and, the antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activities of 7-deacetylkhivorin are reported here for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J D Obbo
- Department of Zoology, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
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Jones AJ, Avery VM. Whole-organism high-throughput screening against Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2013; 8:495-507. [PMID: 23540598 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2013.783816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) occurs as a result of infection with the protozoan parasites Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and T.b. rhodesiense and is nearly always fatal without treatment. However, current therapeutic options are severely limited and there is a desperate need for new compounds to treat the disease. Whole-cell high-throughput screening (HTS) is a technique frequently used to identify compounds with trypanocidal activity. AREAS COVERED The authors examine the development of whole-organism HTS assays for T.b. brucei. The authors describe the successes achieved through HTS and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of whole-organism HTS. EXPERT OPINION Despite hundreds of trypanocidal molecules being identified by whole-organism HTS, very few have progressed into preclinical development. The failure of molecules identified by HTS to progress along the drug development pathway is due to a multitude of factors including undrug-like molecules and molecules having poor pharmacodynamics/kinetic properties. Future studies should focus on screening libraries that contain drug-like molecules that possess some of the properties required in the final compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy J Jones
- Discovery Biology, Eskitis Institute (N27), Griffith University, Brisbane, 4111, Australia
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120
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Grundmann F, Kaiser M, Kurz M, Schiell M, Batzer A, Bode HB. Structure determination of the bioactive depsipeptide xenobactin from Xenorhabdus sp. PB30.3. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44721a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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Liew LP, Kaiser M, Copp BR. Discovery and preliminary structure–activity relationship analysis of 1,14-sperminediphenylacetamides as potent and selective antimalarial lead compounds. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:452-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.11.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hardoim CCP, Esteves AIS, Pires FR, Gonçalves JMS, Cox CJ, Xavier JR, Costa R. Phylogenetically and spatially close marine sponges harbour divergent bacterial communities. PLoS One 2012; 7:e53029. [PMID: 23300853 PMCID: PMC3531450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have unravelled the diversity of sponge-associated bacteria that may play essential roles in sponge health and metabolism. Nevertheless, our understanding of this microbiota remains limited to a few host species found in restricted geographical localities, and the extent to which the sponge host determines the composition of its own microbiome remains a matter of debate. We address bacterial abundance and diversity of two temperate marine sponges belonging to the Irciniidae family--Sarcotragus spinosulus and Ircinia variabilis--in the Northeast Atlantic. Epifluorescence microscopy revealed that S. spinosulus hosted significantly more prokaryotic cells than I. variabilis and that prokaryotic abundance in both species was about 4 orders of magnitude higher than in seawater. Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) profiles of S. spinosulus and I. variabilis differed markedly from each other--with higher number of ribotypes observed in S. spinosulus--and from those of seawater. Four PCR-DGGE bands, two specific to S. spinosulus, one specific to I. variabilis, and one present in both sponge species, affiliated with an uncultured sponge-specific phylogenetic cluster in the order Acidimicrobiales (Actinobacteria). Two PCR-DGGE bands present exclusively in S. spinosulus fingerprints affiliated with one sponge-specific phylogenetic cluster in the phylum Chloroflexi and with sponge-derived sequences in the order Chromatiales (Gammaproteobacteria), respectively. One Alphaproteobacteria band specific to S. spinosulus was placed in an uncultured sponge-specific phylogenetic cluster with a close relationship to the genus Rhodovulum. Our results confirm the hypothesized host-specific composition of bacterial communities between phylogenetically and spatially close sponge species in the Irciniidae family, with S. spinosulus displaying higher bacterial community diversity and distinctiveness than I. variabilis. These findings suggest a pivotal host-driven effect on the shape of the marine sponge microbiome, bearing implications to our current understanding of the distribution of microbial genetic resources in the marine realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane C. P. Hardoim
- Microbial Ecology and Evolution Research Group, Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Algarve, Portugal
| | - Ana I. S. Esteves
- Microbial Ecology and Evolution Research Group, Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Algarve, Portugal
| | - Francisco R. Pires
- Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Laboratório Associado, Pólo dos Açores, Departamento de Biologia da Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal
| | - Jorge M. S. Gonçalves
- Fisheries, Biodiversity and Conservation Research Group, Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Algarve, Portugal
| | - Cymon J. Cox
- Plant Systematics and Bioinformatics, Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Algarve, Portugal
| | - Joana R. Xavier
- Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Laboratório Associado, Pólo dos Açores, Departamento de Biologia da Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal
- Centre for Advanced Studies of Blanes, Girona, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Costa
- Microbial Ecology and Evolution Research Group, Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Algarve, Portugal
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Rye CE, Barker D. Asymmetric synthesis and anti-protozoal activity of the 8,4'-oxyneolignans virolin, surinamensin and analogues. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 60:240-8. [PMID: 23313632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric synthesis of 8,4'-oxyneolignans (-)-virolin, (-)-surinamensin and a number of analogues has been achieved. A divergent synthesis was used, with all compounds being elaborated from a single chiral aldehyde derived from ethyl lactate. In the 15 compounds that were tested, the level of substitution on the A-ring was found to directly influence the activity against Leishmania donovani whilst the activity against Plasmodium falciparum was influenced by numerous substitution and stereochemical factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Rye
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds St, Auckland, New Zealand
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Bringmann G, Zhang G, Büttner T, Bauckmann G, Kupfer T, Braunschweig H, Brun R, Mudogo V. Jozimine A2: The First Dimeric Dioncophyllaceae-Type Naphthylisoquinoline Alkaloid, with Three Chiral Axes and High Antiplasmodial Activity. Chemistry 2012; 19:916-23. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Lizzi F, Veronesi G, Belluti F, Bergamini C, López-Sánchez A, Kaiser M, Brun R, Krauth-Siegel RL, Hall DG, Rivas L, Bolognesi ML. Conjugation of Quinones with Natural Polyamines: Toward an Expanded Antitrypanosomatid Profile. J Med Chem 2012; 55:10490-500. [DOI: 10.1021/jm301112z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Lizzi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna,
Italy
| | - Giacomo Veronesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna,
Italy
| | - Federica Belluti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna,
Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna,
Italy
| | - Almudena López-Sánchez
- Physico-Chemical
Biology, Centro
de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reto Brun
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - R. Luise Krauth-Siegel
- Biochemistry Center (BZH), Heidelberg University, Im, Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120
Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dennis G. Hall
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton,
Alberta, T6G 2G2,
Canada
| | - Luis Rivas
- Physico-Chemical
Biology, Centro
de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna,
Italy
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Martínez-Luis S, Gómez JF, Spadafora C, Guzmán HM, Gutiérrez M. Antitrypanosomal alkaloids from the marine bacterium Bacillus pumilus. Molecules 2012; 17:11146-55. [PMID: 22990456 PMCID: PMC6268621 DOI: 10.3390/molecules170911146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fractionation of the ethyl acetate extract of the marine bacterium Bacillus pumilus isolated from the black coral Antipathes sp. led to the isolation of five compounds: cyclo-(L-Leu-L-Pro) (1), 3-hydroxyacetylindole (2), N-acetyl-β-oxotryptamine (3), cyclo-(L-Phe-L-Pro) (4), and 3-formylindole (5). The structures of compounds 1−5 were established by spectroscopic analyses, including HRESITOF-MS and NMR (1H, 13C, HSQC, HMBC and COSY). Compounds 2, 3 and 5 caused the inhibition on the growth of Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), with IC50 values of 20.6, 19.4 and 26.9 μM, respectively, with moderate cytotoxicity against Vero cells. Compounds 1−5 were found to be inactive when tested against Plasmodium falciparum and Leishmania donovani, therefore showing selectivity against T. cruzi parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Martínez-Luis
- Center for Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Institute for Scientific Research and High Technology Services, City of Knowledge, P.O. Box 0843-01103, Panama;
| | - José Félix Gómez
- Center for Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Institute for Scientific Research and High Technology Services, City of Knowledge, P.O. Box 0843-01103, Panama;
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México D.F. 07360, Mexico;
| | - Carmenza Spadafora
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology of Diseases, Institute for Scientific Research and High Technology Services, City of Knowledge, P.O. Box 0843-01103, Panama;
| | - Héctor M. Guzmán
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, P.O. Box 0843-03092, Panama;
| | - Marcelino Gutiérrez
- Center for Biodiversity and Drug Discovery, Institute for Scientific Research and High Technology Services, City of Knowledge, P.O. Box 0843-01103, Panama;
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +507-517-0732; Fax: +507-517-0701
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Ramírez-Macías I, Marín C, Chahboun R, Messouri I, Olmo F, Rosales MJ, Gutierrez-Sánchez R, Alvarez-Manzaneda E, Sánchez-Moreno M. In vitro and in vivo studies of the trypanocidal activity of four terpenoid derivatives against Trypanosoma cruzi. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2012; 87:481-8. [PMID: 22802442 PMCID: PMC3435351 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Accepted: 11/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Four terpenoid derivatives were examined for their activity against Trypanosoma cruzi. Our results show that two compounds were very active in vitro against both extra- and intracellular forms. These compounds, non-toxic for the host cells, are more effective than the reference drug benznidazole. The capacity to infect cells was negatively affected and the number of amastigotes and trypomastigotes was reduced. A wide range of ultrastructural alterations was found in the epimastigote forms treated with these compounds. Some metabolic changes occurred presumably at the level of succinate and acetate production, perhaps caused by the disturbance of the enzymes involved in sugar metabolism inside the mitochondria. In vivo results were consistent with those observed in vitro. The parasitic load was significantly lower than in the control assay with benznidazole. The effects of these products showed the reduction of the anti-T. cruzi antibodies level during the chronic stage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Manuel Sánchez-Moreno
- Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biothenology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Statistics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Papadopoulou MV, Bloomer WD, Rosenzweig HS, Chatelain E, Kaiser M, Wilkinson SR, McKenzie C, Ioset JR. Novel 3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazole-based amides and sulfonamides as potential antitrypanosomal agents. J Med Chem 2012; 55:5554-65. [PMID: 22550999 DOI: 10.1021/jm300508n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel 3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazole-based (and in some cases 2-nitro-1H-imidazole-based) amides and sulfonamides were characterized for their in vitro antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activities as well as mammalian toxicity. Out of 36 compounds tested, 29 (mostly 3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazoles) displayed significant activity against Trypanosoma cruzi intracellular amastigotes (IC(50) ranging from 28 nM to 3.72 μM) without concomitant toxicity to L6 host cells (selectivity 66-2782). Twenty-three of these active compounds were more potent (up to 58-fold) than the reference drug benznidazole, tested in parallel. In addition, nine nitrotriazoles which were moderately active (0.5 μM ≤ IC(50) < 6.0 μM) against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense trypomastigotes were 5-31-fold more active against bloodstream-form Trypanosoma brucei brucei trypomastigotes engineered to overexpress reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dependent nitroreductase. Finally, three nitrotriazoles displayed a moderate activity against the axenic form of Leishmania donovani . Therefore, 3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazole-based amides and sulfonamides are potent antitrypanosomal agents.
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Dellai A, Deghrigue M, Laroche-Clary A, Masour HB, Chouchane N, Robert J, Bouraoui A. Evaluation of antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities of methanol extract and its fractions from the Mediterranean sponge. Cancer Cell Int 2012; 12:18. [PMID: 22587650 PMCID: PMC3441879 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-12-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Without doubt, natural products have been, and still are, the cornerstone of the health care armamentarium. Of all natural sources, the marine environment is clearly the last great frontier for pharmaceutical and medical research. METHODS This work progresses in the direction of identifying component(s) from the Mediterranean sponge, Spongia officinalis with pharmacological activities. In the present study we investigated the efficacy of methanol extract and its semi-purified fractions (F2, F3) from Spongia officinalis for their in vivo anti-inflammatory activity using the carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats and their in vitro antiproliferative effects by their potential cytotoxic activity using the MTT colorimetric method and clonogenic inhibition against three human cancer cell lines (A549, lung cell carcinoma, HCT15, colon cell carcinoma and MCF7, breast adenocarcinoma). RESULTS The fractions F2 and F3 showed interesting anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities in a dose dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicates that the methanolic extrac and its fractions from Spongia officinalis are a significant source of compounds with the antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities, and this may be useful for developing potential chemopreventive substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afef Dellai
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie des Médicament Anticancéreux, Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Institut Bergonie, 229 cours de l'Argonne, Bordeaux Cedex, 33076, France.
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Nollmann FI, Dowling A, Kaiser M, Deckmann K, Grösch S, Ffrench-Constant R, Bode HB. Synthesis of szentiamide, a depsipeptide from entomopathogenic Xenorhabdus szentirmaii with activity against Plasmodium falciparum. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:528-33. [PMID: 22563351 PMCID: PMC3343279 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of the recently characterized depsipeptide szentiamide (1), which is produced by the entomopathogenic bacterium Xenorhabdus szentirmaii, is described. Whereas no biological activity was previously identified for 1, the material derived from the efficient synthesis enabled additional bioactivity tests leading to the identification of a notable activity against insect cells and Plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike I Nollmann
- Stiftungsprofessur für Molekulare Biotechnologie, Institut für Molekulare Biowissenschaften, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, D-60438 Frankfurt a. M., Germany
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Stec J, Huang Q, Pieroni M, Kaiser M, Fomovska A, Mui E, Witola WH, Bettis S, McLeod R, Brun R, Kozikowski AP. Synthesis, biological evaluation, and structure-activity relationships of N-benzoyl-2-hydroxybenzamides as agents active against P. falciparum (K1 strain), Trypanosomes, and Leishmania. J Med Chem 2012; 55:3088-100. [PMID: 22352841 DOI: 10.1021/jm2015183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In our efforts to identify novel chemical scaffolds for the development of new antiprotozoal drugs, a compound library was screened against Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites with activity discovered for N-(4-ethylbenzoyl)-2-hydroxybenzamide 1a against T. gondii as described elsewhere. Synthesis of a compound set was guided by T. gondii SAR with 1r found to be superior for T. gondii , also active against Thai and Sierra Leone strains of Plasmodium falciparum , and with superior ADMET properties as described elsewhere. Herein, synthesis methods and details of the chemical analysis of the compounds in this series are described. Further, this series of N-benzoyl-2-hydroxybenzamides was repurposed for testing against four other protozoan parasites: Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense , Trypanosoma cruzi , Leishmania donovani , and P. falciparum (K1 isolate). Structure-activity analyses led to the identification of compounds in this set with excellent antileishmanial activity (compound 1d). Overall, compound 1r was the best and had activity 21-fold superior to that of the standard antimalarial drug chloroquine against the K1 P. falciparum isolate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozef Stec
- Drug Discovery Program, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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McCracken ST, Kaiser M, Boshoff HI, Boyd PDW, Copp BR. Synthesis and antimalarial and antituberculosis activities of a series of natural and unnatural 4-methoxy-6-styryl-pyran-2-ones, dihydro analogues and photo-dimers. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:1482-93. [PMID: 22285027 PMCID: PMC3276683 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have identified the 3,6-dialkyl-4-hydroxy-pyran-2-one marine microbial metabolites pseudopyronines A and B to be modest growth inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and a range of tropical diseases including Plasmodium falciparum and Leishmania donovani. In an effort to expand the structure-activity relationship of this compound class towards infectious diseases, a library of natural product and natural product-like 4-methoxy-6-styryl-pyran-2-ones and a subset of catalytically reduced examples were synthesized. In addition, the photochemical reactivity of several of the 4-methoxy-6-styryl-pyran-2-ones were investigated yielding head-to-head and head-to-tail cyclobutane dimers as well as examples of asymmetric aniba-dimer A-type dimers. All compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity and activity against M. tuberculosis, P. falciparum, L. donovani, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and Trypanosoma cruzi. Of the styryl-pyranones, natural product 3 and non-natural styrene and naphthalene substituted examples 13, 18, 21, 22 and 23 exhibited antimalarial activity (IC(50) <10 μM) with selectivity indices (SI) >10. Δ(7) Dihydro analogues were typically less active or lacked selectivity. Head-to-head and head-to-tail photodimers 5 and 34 exhibited moderate IC(50)s of 2.3 to 17 μM towards several of the parasitic organisms, while the aniba-dimer-type asymmetric dimers 31 and 33 were identified as being moderately active towards P. falciparum (IC(50) 1.5 and 1.7 μM) with good selectivity (SI ~80). The 4-tert-butyl aniba-dimer A analogue 33 also exhibited activity towards L. donovani (IC(50) 4.5 μM), suggesting further elaboration of this latter scaffold could lead to the identification of new leads for the dual treatment of malaria and leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T. McCracken
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, PO Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Helena I. Boshoff
- Tuberculosis Research Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Peter D. W. Boyd
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Brent R. Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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134
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Papadopoulou MV, Trunz BB, Bloomer WD, McKenzie C, Wilkinson SR, Prasittichai C, Brun R, Kaiser M, Torreele E. Novel 3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazole-based aliphatic and aromatic amines as anti-chagasic agents. J Med Chem 2011; 54:8214-23. [PMID: 22023653 DOI: 10.1021/jm201215n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel 2-nitro-1H-imidazole- and 3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazole-based aromatic and aliphatic amines were screened for antitrypanosomal activity and mammalian cytotoxicity by the Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi). Out of 42 compounds tested, 18 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazoles and one 2-nitroimidazole displayed significant growth inhibitory properties against T. cruzi amastigotes (IC(50) ranging from 40 nM to 1.97 μM), without concomitant toxicity toward the host cells (L6 cells), having selectivity indices (SI) 44-1320. Most (16) of these active compounds were up to 33.8-fold more potent than the reference drug benznidazole, tested in parallel. Five novel 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazoles were active against bloodstream-form (BSF) T. b. rhodesiense trypomastigotes (IC(50) at nM levels and SI 220-993). An NADH-dependent nitroreductase (TbNTR) plays a role in the antiparasitic activity because BSF T. b. brucei trypomastigotes with elevated TbNTR levels were hypersensitive to tested compounds. Therefore, a novel class of affordable 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole-based compounds with antitrypanosomal activity has been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Papadopoulou
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Department of Radiation Medicine, Evanston, Illinois 60201, United States.
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135
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Galeano E, Thomas OP, Robledo S, Munoz D, Martinez A. Antiparasitic bromotyrosine derivatives from the marine sponge Verongula rigida. Mar Drugs 2011; 9:1902-1913. [PMID: 22073002 PMCID: PMC3210611 DOI: 10.3390/md9101902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nine bromotyrosine-derived compounds were isolated from the Caribbean marine sponge Verongula rigida. Two of them, aeroplysinin-1 (1) and dihydroxyaerothionin (2), are known compounds for this species, and the other seven are unknown compounds for this species, namely: 3,5-dibromo-N,N,N-trimethyltyraminium (3), 3,5-dibromo-N,N,N, O-tetramethyltyraminium (4), purealidin R (5), 19-deoxyfistularin 3 (6), purealidin B (7), 11-hydroxyaerothionin (8) and fistularin-3 (9). Structural determination of the isolated compounds was performed using one- and two-dimensional NMR, MS and other spectroscopy data. All isolated compounds were screened for their in vitro activity against three parasitic protozoa: Leishmania panamensis, Plasmodium falciparum and Trypanosoma cruzi. Compounds 7 and 8 showed selective antiparasitic activity at 10 and 5 μM against Leishmania and Plasmodium parasites, respectively. Cytotoxicity of these compounds on a human promonocytic cell line was also assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elkin Galeano
- Marine Natural Products Research Group, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty, University of Antioquia, Medellin AA 1226, Colombia
| | - Olivier P Thomas
- Chemical Institute of Nice, UMR 6001 CNRS, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice Cedex 02, France
| | - Sara Robledo
- Program for the Study and Control of Tropical Diseases (PECET), University of Antioquia, Medellin AA 1226, Colombia
| | - Diana Munoz
- Program for the Study and Control of Tropical Diseases (PECET), University of Antioquia, Medellin AA 1226, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Martinez
- Marine Natural Products Research Group, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty, University of Antioquia, Medellin AA 1226, Colombia
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136
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Chan STS, Pearce AN, Januario AH, Page MJ, Kaiser M, McLaughlin RJ, Harper JL, Webb VL, Barker D, Copp BR. Anti-inflammatory and antimalarial meroterpenoids from the New Zealand ascidian Aplidium scabellum. J Org Chem 2011; 76:9151-6. [PMID: 21958335 DOI: 10.1021/jo201654h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bioassay-directed fractionation of an extract of the New Zealand ascidian Aplidium scabellum has afforded the anti-inflammatory secondary metabolite 2-geranyl-6-methoxy-1,4-hydroquinone-4-sulfate (1) and a family of pseudodimeric meroterpenoids scabellones A (2)-D (5). The benzo[c]chromene-7,10-dione scaffold contained within scabellones A-D is particularly rare among natural products. The structures were elucidated by interpretation of NMR data. Scabellone B was also identified as a moderately potent, nontoxic inhibitor of Plasmodium falciparum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna T S Chan
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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137
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Screening natural products database for identification of potential antileishmanial chemotherapeutic agents. Interdiscip Sci 2011; 3:217-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s12539-011-0101-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2010] [Revised: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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138
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Chan STS, Pearce AN, Page MJ, Kaiser M, Copp BR. Antimalarial β-carbolines from the New Zealand ascidian Pseudodistoma opacum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:1972-1979. [PMID: 21846091 DOI: 10.1021/np200509g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
One tetrahydro-β-carboline, (-)-7-bromohomotrypargine (1), and three alkylguanidine-substituted β-carbolines, opacalines A, B, and C (2-4), have been isolated from the New Zealand ascidian Pseudodistoma opacum. The structures of the metabolites were determined by analysis of mass spectrometric and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. Natural products 2 and 3, synthetic debromo analogues 8 and 9, and intermediate 16 exhibited moderate antimalarial activity toward a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum, with an IC50 range of 2.5-14 μM. The biosynthesis of 1-4 is proposed to proceed via a Pictet-Spengler condensation of 6-bromotryptamine and the α-keto acid transamination product of either arginine or homoarginine. Cell separation and 1H NMR analysis of P. opacum identified tetrahydro-β-carboline 1 to be principally located in the zooids, while fully aromatized analogues 2-4 were localized to the test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna T S Chan
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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139
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Bouchikhi F, Anizon F, Brun R, Moreau P. Biological evaluation of glycosyl-isoindigo derivatives against the pathogenic agents of tropical diseases (malaria, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis and human African trypanosomiasis). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:6319-21. [PMID: 21937228 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.08.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The biological activities of diversely substituted glycosyl-isoindigo derivatives against the causative agents of tropical diseases (malaria, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis and human African trypanosomiasis) are reported. Some of the compounds tested showed interesting activities with good selectivity indices, particularly against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. These results suggested, for the first time, that glycosyl-isoindigo derivatives could be of interest for the discovery of new lead compounds to treat tropical diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadoua Bouchikhi
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, SEESIB, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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140
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Dua VK, Verma G, Agarwal DD, Kaiser M, Brun R. Antiprotozoal activities of traditional medicinal plants from the Garhwal region of North West Himalaya, India. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 136:123-128. [PMID: 21527328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Revised: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In a search for new plant-derived biologically active compounds against protozoan parasites, an ethnopharmacological study was carried out to evaluate extracts from selected 17 traditional medicinal plants which were used by healers from the Garhwal region of North West Himalaya for the treatment of protozoal infections and fever including malaria. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro activity against erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium falciparum was determined using a modified [3H]-hypoxanthine incorporation assay with the chloroquine- and pyrimethamine-resistant K1 strain. Activity against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense was performed on the STIB 900 strain and activity against Trypanosoma cruzi on infected rat skeletal myoblasts (L6 cells) seeded in 96-well microtitre plates while amastigotes of Leishmania donovani strain MHOM/ET/67/L82 were used to assess activity against Leishmania donovani. Cytotoxicity assays were performed against rat skeletal myoblasts (L6-cells). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Extracts of Artemisia roxburghiana, Roylea cinerea, Leucas cephalotes, Nepeta hindostana and Viola canescens showed good antiplasmodial activity (IC50<5 μg/ml). The chloroform extract of Artemisia roxburghiana was the most active (IC50 value of 0.42 μg/ml) and the most selective (SI=78) extract for Plasmodium falciparum among all plants extracts examined. The chloroform extract of Leucas cephalotes and the petroleum ether extract of Viola canescens exhibited substantial activities against Leishmania donovani with IC50 values of 3.61 μg/ml (SI=8) and 0.40 μg/ml (SI=30), respectively. The petroleum ether extract of Viola canescens exhibited activity against Trypanosoma cruzi with an IC50 value of 1.86 μg/ml (SI=7). Methanol and water extracts from all plants under investigation were found inactive against all parasites tested. These results support investigation of components of traditional medicines as potential new antiprotozoal agents. On the other hand since herbalism has become the main stream throughout the world, investigation demonstrates that these non-polar plant extracts of six of the plants examined in this study could play an important role in herbal formulations for the treatment of vector borne protozoal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virendra K Dua
- National Institute of Malaria Research, Field Unit, Hardwar 249403, India.
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141
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Bringmann G, Bischof SK, Müller S, Gulder T, Winter C, Stich A, Moll H, Kaiser M, Brun R, Dreher J, Baumann K. QSAR guided synthesis of simplified antiplasmodial analogs of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:5370-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Revised: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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142
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dos Santos AO, Veiga-Santos P, Ueda-Nakamura T, Filho BPD, Sudatti DB, Bianco ÉM, Pereira RC, Nakamura CV. Effect of elatol, isolated from red seaweed Laurencia dendroidea, on Leishmania amazonensis. Mar Drugs 2010; 8:2733-43. [PMID: 21139841 PMCID: PMC2996173 DOI: 10.3390/md8112733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Revised: 10/14/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the antileishmanial activity of sesquiterpene elatol, the major constituent of the Brazilian red seaweed Laurencia dendroidea (Hudson) J.V. Lamouroux, against L. amazonensis. Elatol after 72 h of treatment, showed an IC(50) of 4.0 μM and 0.45 μM for promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of L. amazonensis, respectively. By scanning and transmission electron microscopy, parasites treated with elatol revealed notable changes compared with control cells, including: pronounced swelling of the mitochondrion; appearance of concentric membrane structures inside the organelle; destabilization of the plasma membrane; and formation of membrane structures, apparently an extension of the endoplasmic reticulum, which is suggestive of an autophagic process. A cytotoxicity assay showed that the action of the isolated compound is more specific for protozoa, and it is not toxic to macrophages. Our studies indicated that elatol is a potent antiproliferative agent against promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms, and may have important advantages for the development of new anti-leishamanial chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Oliveira dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, Km 380, CEP 86051-990, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; E-Mails: (A.O.S.); (B.P.D.F.)
| | - Phercyles Veiga-Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Bloco B-08, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; E-Mails: (P.V.-S.); (T.U.-N.)
| | - Tânia Ueda-Nakamura
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Bloco B-08, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; E-Mails: (P.V.-S.); (T.U.-N.)
| | - Benedito Prado Dias Filho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, Km 380, CEP 86051-990, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; E-Mails: (A.O.S.); (B.P.D.F.)
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Bloco B-08, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; E-Mails: (P.V.-S.); (T.U.-N.)
| | - Daniela Bueno Sudatti
- Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Caixa Postal 100644, CEP 24001-970, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; E-Mails: (D.B.S.); (R.C.P.)
| | - Éverson Miguel Bianco
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Baptista, s/n, CEP 24.020-150, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; E-Mail: (É.M.B.)
| | - Renato Crespo Pereira
- Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Caixa Postal 100644, CEP 24001-970, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; E-Mails: (D.B.S.); (R.C.P.)
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Baptista, s/n, CEP 24.020-150, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; E-Mail: (É.M.B.)
| | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, Km 380, CEP 86051-990, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; E-Mails: (A.O.S.); (B.P.D.F.)
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Bloco B-08, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; E-Mails: (P.V.-S.); (T.U.-N.)
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Dellai A, Laroche-Clary A, Mhadhebi L, Robert J, Bouraoui A. Anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities of crude extract and its fractions of the defensive secretion from the Mediterranean sponge, Spongia officinalis. Drug Dev Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.20392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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144
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Watts KR, Tenney K, Crews P. The structural diversity and promise of antiparasitic marine invertebrate-derived small molecules. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2010; 21:808-18. [PMID: 20956079 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2010.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on six important parasitic diseases that adversely affect the health and lives of over one billion people worldwide. In light of the global human impact of these neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), several initiatives and campaigns have been mounted to eradicate these infections once and for all. Currently available therapeutics summarized herein are either ineffective and/or have severe and deleterious side effects. Resistant strains continue to emerge and there is an overall unmet and urgent need for new antiparasitic drugs. Marine-derived small molecules (MDSMs) from invertebrates comprise an extremely diverse and promising source of compounds from a wide variety of structural classes. New discoveries of marine natural product privileged structures and compound classes that are being made via natural product library screening using whole cell in vitro assays are highlighted. It is striking to note that for the first time in history the entire genomes of all six parasites have been sequenced and additional transcriptome and proteomic analyses are available. Furthermore, open and shared, publicly available databases of the genome sequences, compounds, screening assays, and druggable molecular targets are being used by the worldwide research community. A combined assessment of all of the above factors, especially of current discoveries in marine natural products, implies a brighter future with more effective, affordable, and benign antiparasitic therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine R Watts
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
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