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Xu XL, Kang XQ, Qi J, Jin FY, Liu D, Du YZ. Novel Antibacterial Strategies for Combating Bacterial Multidrug Resistance. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:4717-4724. [PMID: 31642769 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191022163237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibacterial multidrug resistance has emerged as one of the foremost global problems affecting human health. The emergence of resistant infections with the increasing number of multidrug-resistant pathogens has posed a serious problem, which required innovative collaborations across multiple disciplines to address this issue. METHODS In this review, we will explain the mechanisms of bacterial multidrug resistance and discuss different strategies for combating it, including combination therapy, the use of novel natural antibiotics, and the use of nanotechnology in the development of efflux pump inhibitors. RESULTS While combination therapy will remain the mainstay of bacterial multi-drug resistance treatment, nanotechnology will play critical roles in the development of novel treatments in the coming years. CONCLUSION Nanotechnology provides an encouraging platform for the development of clinically relevant and practical strategies to overcome drug resistance in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ling Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xu-Qi Kang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Qi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fei-Yang Jin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Di Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yong-Zhong Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
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102
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Aldarhami A, Felek A, Sharma V, Upton M. Purification and characterization of nisin P produced by a strain of Streptococcus gallolyticus. J Med Microbiol 2020; 69:605-616. [PMID: 32125268 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Against the backdrop of increasing resistance to conventional antibiotics, bacteriocins represent an attractive alternative, given their potent activity, novel modes of action and perceived lack of issues with resistance.Aim. In this study, the nature of the antibacterial activity of a clinical isolate of Streptococcus gallolyticus was investigated.Methods. Optimization of the production of an inhibitor from strain AB39 was performed using different broth media and supplements. Purification was carried out using size exclusion, ion exchange and HPLC. Gel diffusion agar overlay, MS/MS, de novo peptide sequencing and genome mining were used in a proteogenomics approach to facilitate identification of the genetic basis for production of the inhibitor.Results. Strain AB39 was identified as representing Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus and the successful production and purification of the AB39 peptide, named nisin P, with a mass of 3133.78 Da, was achieved using BHI broth with 10 % serum. Nisin P showed antibacterial activity towards clinical isolates of drug-resistant bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus and penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. In addition, the peptide exhibited significant stability towards high temperature, wide pH and certain proteolytic enzymes and displayed very low toxicity towards sheep red blood cells and Vero cells.Conclusion. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first production, purification and characterization of nisin P. Further study of nisin P may reveal its potential for treating or preventing infections caused by antibiotic-resistant Gram-positive bacteria, or those evading vaccination regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdu Aldarhami
- Faculty of Health: Medicine, Dentistry and Human Sciences. University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.,Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Turabah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Felek
- Present address: National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, UK.,Faculty of Health: Medicine, Dentistry and Human Sciences. University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Vikram Sharma
- Faculty of Health: Medicine, Dentistry and Human Sciences. University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Mathew Upton
- Faculty of Health: Medicine, Dentistry and Human Sciences. University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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103
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Salam LB. Unravelling the antibiotic and heavy metal resistome of a chronically polluted soil. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:238. [PMID: 32405442 PMCID: PMC7205953 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02219-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The antibiotic and heavy metal resistome of a chronically polluted soil (3S) obtained from an automobile workshop in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria was deciphered via functional annotation of putative ORFs (open reading frames). Functional annotation of antibiotic and heavy metal resistance genes in 3S metagenome was conducted using the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD), Antibiotic Resistance Gene-annotation (ARG-ANNOT) and Antibacterial Biocide and Metal Resistance Gene Database (BacMet). Annotation revealed detection of resistance genes for 15 antibiotic classes with the preponderance of beta lactamases, mobilized colistin resistance determinant (mcr), glycopepetide and tetracycline resistance genes, the OqxBgb and OqxA RND-type multidrug efflux pumps, among others. The dominance of resistance genes for antibiotics effective against members of the Enterobacteriaceae indicate possible contamination with faecal materials. Annotation of heavy metal resistance genes revealed diverse resistance genes responsible for the uptake, transport, detoxification, efflux and regulation of copper, zinc, cadmium, nickel, chromium, cobalt, mercury, arsenic, iron, molybdenum and several others. Majority of the antibiotic and heavy metal resistance genes detected in this study are borne on mobile genetic elements, which facilitate their spread and dissemination in the polluted soil. The presence of the heavy metal resistance genes is strongly believed to play a major role in the proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes. This study has established that soil is a huge repertoire of antibiotic and heavy metal resistome and due to the intricate link between human, animals and the soil environment, it may be a major contributor to the proliferation of multidrug-resistant clinical pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lateef Babatunde Salam
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Summit University, Offa, Kwara Nigeria
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104
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Marchianò V, Matos M, Serrano-Pertierra E, Gutiérrez G, Blanco-López MC. Vesicles as antibiotic carrier: State of art. Int J Pharm 2020; 585:119478. [PMID: 32473370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a global health problem. Bacteria are able to adapt to different environments, with the presence or absence of a host, forming colonies and biofilms. In fact, biofilm formation confers chemical protection to the microbial cells, thus making most of the conventional antibiotics ineffective. Prevention and destruction of biofilms is a challenging task that should be addressed by a multidisciplinary approach from different research fields. One of the medical strategies used against biofilms is the therapy with drug delivery systems. Lipidic nanovesicles are a good choice for encapsulating drugs, increasing their pharmacodynamics and reducing side effects. These soft nanovesicles show significant advantages for their high biocompatibility, physical and chemistry properties, good affinity with drugs, and easy route of administration. This review summarizes the current knowledge on different types of vesicles which may be used as antibiotic carriers. The main preparation and purification methods for the synthesis of these vesicles are also presented. The advantages of drug encapsulation are critically reviewed. In addition, recent works on endolysin formulations as novel, "greener" and efficient antibiofilm solution are included. This paper can provide useful background for the design of novel efficient formulations and synergistic nanomaterials and could be also useful at the pharmaceutical industry to develop wastewater treatments and reduce the antibiotics in the environmental waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verdiana Marchianò
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Oviedo, 33006, Spain
| | - María Matos
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Oviedo, 33006, Spain; Institute of Biotechnology of Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33006, Spain
| | - Esther Serrano-Pertierra
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; Institute of Biotechnology of Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33006, Spain
| | - Gemma Gutiérrez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Oviedo, 33006, Spain; Institute of Biotechnology of Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33006, Spain.
| | - M C Blanco-López
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; Institute of Biotechnology of Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33006, Spain.
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105
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Li M, Aveyard J, Fleming G, Curran JM, McBride F, Raval R, D'Sa RA. Nitric Oxide Releasing Titanium Surfaces for Antimicrobial Bone-Integrating Orthopedic Implants. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:22433-22443. [PMID: 32320193 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c00871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Titanium implants in orthopedic applications can fail due to infection and impaired integration into the host. Most research efforts that facilitate osseointegration of the implant have not considered infection, and vice versa. Moreover, most infection control measures involve the use of conventional antibiotics which contributes to the global epidemic of antimicrobial resistance. Nitric oxide (NO) is a promising alternative to antibiotics, and while researchers have investigated NO releasing coatings, there are few reports on the function/robustness or the mechanism of NO release. Our comprehensive mechanistic study has allowed us to design, characterize, and optimize NO releasing coatings to achieve maximum antimicrobial efficacy toward bacteria with minimum cytotoxicity to human primary osteoblasts in vitro. As the antibiotic era is coming to an end and the future of infection control continues to demand new alternatives, the coatings described herein represent a promising therapeutic strategy for use in orthopedic surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Li
- School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, U.K
| | - Jenny Aveyard
- School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, U.K
| | - George Fleming
- School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, U.K
| | - Judith M Curran
- School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, U.K
| | - Fiona McBride
- The Open Innovation Hub for Antimicrobial Surfaces, Surface Science Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K
| | - Rasmita Raval
- The Open Innovation Hub for Antimicrobial Surfaces, Surface Science Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K
| | - Raechelle A D'Sa
- School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, U.K
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106
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Anuj SA, Gajera HP, Hirpara DG, Golakiya BA. The impact of bacterial size on their survival in the presence of cationic particles of nano-silver. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 61:126517. [PMID: 32447152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial surface area is one of the battlegrounds for invading microbes and host defense. Hence, infectious diseases caused by drug resistant microbes with large surface area are more difficult to treat than small size microbes. Nanobiology offers opportunities to re-explore the biological properties of conventional drugs at molecular level to combat these microbes. The purpose of the present study was to examine size depended susceptibility of Gram-positive bacteria towards nano-silver particles. METHODS This study investigated the growth, surface charge, and morphology of emerging B. megaterium MTCC 7192 and re-emerging S. aureus MTCC 3160 cells in order to observe the susceptibility of these bacteria towards cationic nano-silver particles. Nano-silver particles were applied into wells formed on the Nutrient agar plates containing 108 CFU/mL of the bacteria. Surface potential of normal and treated cells was measured by Microtrac and the effects of nano-silver particles on bacterial cells were assessed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). RESULTS In this work, synthesized nano-silver particles were found to be more effective against B. megaterium MTCC 7192 than S. aureus MTCC 3160. For B. megaterium MTCC 7192, a 0.30 fold increase in inhibition zone was observed after the addition of nano-silver particles in the wells. From our studies, it is reasonable to state that alternation of zeta potential may affect the cell morphology, which was further confirmed by SEM. CONCLUSION The present study concluded that nano-silver particles appears to interact with a larger surface area more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir A Anuj
- School of Science, RK University, Rajkot, 360020, Gujarat, India.
| | - Harsukh P Gajera
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, 362001, Gujarat, India
| | - Darshna G Hirpara
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, 362001, Gujarat, India
| | - Baljibhai A Golakiya
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, 362001, Gujarat, India
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107
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Jiang L, Zheng R. Isolation and Characterization of a Lytic Salmonella paratyphi Phage and Its Antibiofilm Activity Individually or Collaborative with Kanamycin Sulfate. Viral Immunol 2020; 33:521-529. [PMID: 32397917 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2020.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella is among the most serious of foodborne pathogens worldwide and distributed widely in the natural environment; in addition, it has caused severe medical problems and foodborne diseases. Bacterial biofilm was the multicellular community of microorganisms that attached to nonbiological and biological surfaces. Phages and their derivatives are ideal candidates for replacing and compensating antibiotic resistance problems in the future. In this study, a virulent phage of KM15 was isolated from pig slaughterhouse sump samples in Kunming, China. It belonged to the Siphoviridae family, and optimal growth temperature was 42°C, the pH of optimal preservation buffer was 6-7, optimal multiplicity of infection was 0.0001, and the genome size was 41,869 bp. The Salmonella paratyphi A and Salmonella paratyphi B have a broad spectrum of antibiotic resistance and were isolated from clinical patients in the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province; fortunately, most of them can be lysed by phage KM15. Collaboration of phage KM15 and kanamycin sulfate has a better antibiofilm effect than KM15 and kanamycin sulfate alone, in low-concentration bacterial culture; KM15 has better antibiofilm effect than kanamycin sulfate in high-concentration bacterial culture. The data of this study provided a strong evidence of application of phage to reduce the growth of Salmonella biofilm, which was important for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Jiang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P.R. China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, P.R. China
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108
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Antifungal Activity of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles: Effect on the Growth and Key Virulence Factors of Candida albicans. Mycopathologia 2020; 185:485-494. [PMID: 32328890 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-020-00446-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to study the effects of different concentrations of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) on the growth and key virulence factors of Candida albicans (C. albicans). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of MgO NPs against C. albicans was determined by the micro-broth dilution method. A time-kill curve of MgO NPs and C. albicans was established to investigate the ageing effect of MgO NPs on C. albicans. Crystal violet staining, the MTT assay, and inverted fluorescence microscopy were employed to determine the effects of MgO NPs on C. albicans adhesion, two-phase morphological transformation, biofilm biomass, and metabolic activity. The time-kill curve showed that MgO NPs had fungicidal and antifungal activity against C. albicans in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Semi-quantitative crystal violet staining and MTT assays showed that MgO NPs significantly inhibited C. albicans biofilm formation and metabolic activity, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Inverted fluorescence microscopy showed that MgO NPs could inhibit the formation of C. albicans biofilm hyphae. Adhesion experiments showed that MgO NPs significantly inhibited the initial adhesion of C. albicans (p < 0.001). This study demonstrates that MgO NPs can effectively inhibit the growth, initial adhesion, two-phase morphological transformation, and biofilm formation of C. albicans and is an antifungal candidate.
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109
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Xiu W, Gan S, Wen Q, Qiu Q, Dai S, Dong H, Li Q, Yuwen L, Weng L, Teng Z, Mou Y, Wang L. Biofilm Microenvironment-Responsive Nanotheranostics for Dual-Mode Imaging and Hypoxia-Relief-Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy of Bacterial Infections. RESEARCH 2020; 2020:9426453. [PMID: 32377640 PMCID: PMC7128073 DOI: 10.34133/2020/9426453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The formation of bacterial biofilms closely associates with infectious diseases. Until now, precise diagnosis and effective treatment of bacterial biofilm infections are still in great need. Herein, a novel multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform based on MnO2 nanosheets (MnO2 NSs) has been designed to achieve pH-responsive dual-mode imaging and hypoxia-relief-enhanced antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) of bacterial biofilm infections. In this study, MnO2 NSs were modified with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) and then loaded with chlorin e6 (Ce6) as photosensitizer to form MnO2-BSA/PEG-Ce6 nanosheets (MBP-Ce6 NSs). After being delivered into the bacterial biofilm-infected tissues, the MBP-Ce6 NSs could be decomposed in acidic biofilm microenvironment and release Ce6 with Mn2+, which subsequently activate both fluorescence (FL) and magnetic resonance (MR) signals for effective dual-mode FL/MR imaging of bacterial biofilm infections. Meanwhile, MnO2 could catalyze the decomposing of H2O2 in biofilm-infected tissues into O2 and relieve the hypoxic condition of biofilm, which significantly enhances the efficacy of aPDT. An in vitro study showed that MBP-Ce6 NSs could significantly reduce the number of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in biofilms after 635 nm laser irradiation. Guided by FL/MR imaging, MRSA biofilm-infected mice can be efficiently treated by MBP-Ce6 NSs-based aPDT. Overall, MBP-Ce6 NSs not only possess biofilm microenvironment-responsive dual-mode FL/MR imaging ability but also have significantly enhanced aPDT efficacy by relieving the hypoxia habitat of biofilm, which provides a promising theranostic nanoplatform for bacterial biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Xiu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Siyu Gan
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qirui Wen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiu Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Sulai Dai
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Heng Dong
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lihui Yuwen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lixing Weng
- School of Geography and Biological Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhaogang Teng
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yongbin Mou
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lianhui Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
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110
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Dawan J, Ahn J. Effectiveness of Antibiotic Combination Treatments to Control Heteroresistant Salmonella Typhimurium. Microb Drug Resist 2020; 27:441-449. [PMID: 32255738 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2020.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to assess the interactions between antibiotics in combination treatments of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in association with the development of antibiotic heteroresistance. Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 19585 (STWT), ciprofloxacin (CIP)-induced S. Typhimurium ATCC 19585 (STCIP), and clinically isolated antibiotic-resistant S. Typhimurium CCARM 8009 (STCLI) treated with antibiotic alone (cephalothin [CEP], CIP, ceftriaxone [CEF], and tobramycin [TOB]) and combination antibiotics (CEP-CIP and CEF-TOB) were used to compare the antibiotic susceptibility, resistance fitness, and cross-resistance. The susceptibilities of STWT, STCIP, and STCLI to CEP were not significant differences between CEP and CEP-CIP treatments, whereas those of STWT, STCIP, and STCLI to TOB were significant differences between TOB and CEF-TOB treatments. The interactions between CEP and CIP in the combination treatment showed mutually synergistic activities against STWT and STCLI. For the CEF-TOB combination treatments, TOB helped enhance the antibiotic activity of CEF against STWT, showing directional synergistic effect. The CEF-TOB combination treatment increased bactericidal activity against STWT, STCIP, and STCLI without causing injured cells. The combination antibiotic treatments (CEP-CIP and CEF-TOB) increased the fitness cost (relative fitness = 0.7) and decreased the cross-resistance of STWT, STCIP, and STCLI when exposed to different classes of antibiotics. This study provides new insight for designing combination antibiotic regimens that can synergistically enhance the antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant Salmonella and inhibit the emergence of cross-resistance to different classes of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirapat Dawan
- Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Ahn
- Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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111
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Chen HH, Stringer A, Eguale T, Rao GG, Ozawa S. Impact of Antibiotic Resistance on Treatment of Pneumococcal Disease in Ethiopia: An Agent-Based Modeling Simulation. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 101:1042-1053. [PMID: 31516111 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing threat to global health. Although AMR endangers continued effectiveness of antibiotics, the impact of AMR has been poorly estimated in low-income countries. This study sought to quantify the effect of AMR on treatments for pediatric pneumococcal disease in Ethiopia. We developed the DREAMR (Dynamic Representation of the Economics of AMR) model that simulate children younger than 5 years who acquire pneumococcal disease (pneumonia, meningitis, and acute otitis media) and seek treatment from various health facilities in Ethiopia over a year. We examined the AMR levels of three antibiotics (penicillin, amoxicillin, and ceftriaxone), treatment failures, and attributable deaths. We used the cost-of-illness method to assess the resulting economic impact of AMR from a societal perspective by estimating the direct and indirect treatment costs and productivity losses. Findings showed that AMR against antibiotics that were used to treat pneumococcal disease led to 195,763 treatment failures per year, which contributed to 2,925 child deaths annually in Ethiopia. Antimicrobial resistance resulted in a first-line treatment failure rate of 29.4%. In 1 year, the proportion of nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria increased by 2.1% and 0.5% for amoxicillin and penicillin, and reduced by 0.3% for less commonly used ceftriaxone. Annual costs of AMR to treat pneumococcal disease were around US$15.8 million, including US$3.3 million for ineffective first-line treatments, US$3.7 million for second-line treatments, and US$8.9 million for long-term productivity losses. Antibiotic stewardship to reduce misuse and overuse of antibiotics is essential to maintain the effectiveness of antibiotics, and lessen the health and economic burden of AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Han Chen
- Division of Practice Advancement and Clinical Education, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Andrew Stringer
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Tadesse Eguale
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Gauri G Rao
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Sachiko Ozawa
- Division of Practice Advancement and Clinical Education, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Department of Maternal and Child Health, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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112
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Constructed Wetland Revealed Efficient Sulfamethoxazole Removal but Enhanced the Spread of Antibiotic Resistance Genes. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040834. [PMID: 32074994 PMCID: PMC7071035 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) could achieve high removal efficiency of antibiotics, but probably stimulate the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In this study, four CWs were established to treat synthetic wastewater containing sulfamethoxazole (SMX). SMX elimination efficiencies, SMX degradation mechanisms, dynamic fates of ARGs, and bacterial communities were evaluated during the treatment period (360 day). Throughout the whole study, the concentration of SMX in the effluent gradually increased (p < 0.05), but in general, the removal efficiency of SMX remained at a very high level (>98%). In addition, the concentration of SMX in the bottom layer was higher compared with that in the surface layer. The main byproducts of SMX degradation were found to be 4-amino benzene sulfinic acid, 3-amino-5-methylisoxazole, benzenethiol, and 3-hydroxybutan-1-aminium. Temporally speaking, an obvious increase of sul genes was observed, along with the increase of SMX concentration in the bottom and middle layers of CWs. Spatially speaking, the concentration of sul genes increased from the surface layer to the bottom layer.
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113
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Liu S, Cai X, Xue W, Ma D, Zhang W. Chitosan derivatives co-delivering nitric oxide and methicillin for the effective therapy to the methicillin-resistant S. aureus infection. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 234:115928. [PMID: 32070544 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We developed a co-delivery system of nitric oxide (NO) and antibiotic for the antibiotic-resistant bacterial infection therapy. The NO could disperse the bacterial biofilms and convert the bacteria into an antibiotic-susceptible planktonic form. Using the chitosan-graft-poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (CS-PAMAM) as the co-delivery system, methicillin (MET) and NO were conjugated successively to form CS-PAMAM-MET/NONOate. The positive CS-PAMAM could efficiently capture the negatively charged bacteria and PAMAM provide abundant reaction points for high payloads of NO and MET. The CS-PAMAM-MET/NONOate displayed effective and combined antibacterial activity to the E. coli and S. aureus. Particularly, for the MET-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), the CS-PAMAM-MET/NONOate displayed the synergistic antibacterial activity. In vivo wound healing assays also confirmed that CS-PAMAM-MET/NONOate could heal the infection formed by MRSA and then accelerate the wound healing effectively. Moreover, CS-PAMAM-MET/NONOate showed no toxicity towards 3T3 cells in vitro and rats in vivo, providing a readily but high-efficient strategy to drug-resistant bacterial infection therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Drug Carrier Development, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiang Cai
- Department of Light Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Polytechnic, No. 20, Lanshi 2th Road, Chancheng District, Foshan, Guangdong, Foshan, 528041, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Drug Carrier Development, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Dong Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Drug Carrier Development, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Wu Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; School of Stomatology of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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114
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Taati Moghadam M, Amirmozafari N, Shariati A, Hallajzadeh M, Mirkalantari S, Khoshbayan A, Masjedian Jazi F. How Phages Overcome the Challenges of Drug Resistant Bacteria in Clinical Infections. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:45-61. [PMID: 32021319 PMCID: PMC6954843 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s234353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays the most important problem in the treatment of bacterial infections is the appearance of MDR (multidrug-resistant), XDR (extensively drug-resistant) and PDR (pan drug-resistant) bacteria and the scarce prospects of producing new antibiotics. There is renewed interest in revisiting the use of bacteriophage to treat bacterial infections. The practice of phage therapy, the application of phages to treat bacterial infections, has been around for approximately a century. Phage therapy relies on using lytic bacteriophages and purified phage lytic proteins for treatment and lysis of bacteria at the site of infection. Current research indicates that phage therapy has the potential to be used as an alternative to antibiotic treatments. It is noteworthy that, whether phages are used on their own or combined with antibiotics, phages are still a promising agent to replace antibiotics. So, this review focuses on an understanding of challenges of MDR, XDR, and PDR bacteria and phages mechanism for treating bacterial infections and the most recent studies on potential phages, cocktails of phages, and enzymes of lytic phages in fighting these resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Taati Moghadam
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nour Amirmozafari
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Hallajzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Mirkalantari
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Khoshbayan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faramarz Masjedian Jazi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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115
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Chhibber T, Gondil VS, Sinha VR. Development of Chitosan-Based Hydrogel Containing Antibiofilm Agents for the Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus-Infected Burn Wound in Mice. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:43. [PMID: 31897806 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1537-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is considered a common colonizer of burn wound and accounts for high morbidity and mortality all across the globe. Systemic antibiotic therapy which is generally prescribed for these patients has a number of limitations. These include high drug dose, toxicity, and chances of development of drug resistance. However, local delivery of drug not only addresses these limitations but also provides better efficacy at the site of infection. In the present study, hydrogel preparations were developed for the topical delivery of moxifloxacin for the treatment of S. aureus-infected burn wound. Moxifloxacin was characterized by UV, FTIR, DSC, hot-stage microscopy, NMR, and HPLC and loaded into conventional and Boswellia-containing novel gels. Gels were characterized by visual examination, pH, UV spectroscopy, and release assays. In vivo studies showed that both gels were effective in eradicating the bacteria completely from the wound site when treatment was started during the early stage of infection. On the contrary, delayed treatment of planktonic and biofilm cells with novel gel showed better efficacy as compared with conventional gel in S. aureus-infected burn wound. Histopathological analysis also showed better skin healing efficacy of novel gel than conventional gel. Our results show that moxifloxacin can be efficiently used topically in the management of burn wound infections along with other antibacterial agents. Since biofilm-mediated infections are on the rise especially in chronic bacterial disease, therefore, a preparation containing antibiofilm agent-like Boswellia as one of the excipients would be more meaningful.
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116
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Lv X, Zhang J, Yang D, Shao J, Wang W, Zhang Q, Dong X. Recent advances in pH-responsive nanomaterials for anti-infective therapy. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:10700-10711. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02177f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of pH-responsive antibacterial nanomaterials and their applications in anti-infective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Lv
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing 211800
- China
| | - Jiayao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing 211800
- China
| | - Dongliang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing 211800
- China
| | - Jinjun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing 211800
- China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng 252059
- China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing 211800
- China
| | - Xiaochen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing 211800
- China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
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117
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Schröder ML, Angrisani N, Fadeeva E, Hegermann J, Reifenrath J. Laser-structured spike surface shows great bone integrative properties despite infection in vivo. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 109:110573. [PMID: 32228937 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Implant associated infections can result in devastating consequences for patients. One major cause is the formation of bacterial biofilms, which result in increased resistance against antimicrobial therapeutics. A reduction of implant associated infections can be achieved by functionalization of implant surfaces. The generation of three dimensional surface structures by femtosecond laser ablation is one method to fabricate bacterial repellent large scaled surfaces without altering the material chemical composition. The challenge is to reduce bacterial growth while improving cellular ongrowth. For this purpose, spike structures were created as small as possible by used fabrication method on cubic Ti90/Al6/V4-rods and their effectiveness against bacterial colonization was compared to unstructured Ti90/Al6/V4-rods. Rods were implanted in the rat tibia and infected intraoperatively with 103 CFU of Staphylococcus aureus. Besides clinical behaviour and lameness, the vital bacterial biomass, morphological appearance and the volume of eukaryotic cells were determined on the implant surface after 21 days. Bone alterations were examined by radiological and histological techniques. Unexpectedly, the laser-structured implants did not show a lower bacterial load on the implant surface and less severe infection related bone and tissue alterations compared to the group without structuring. Simultaneously, a better bony integration and a higher cellular colonization with eukaryotic cells was detected on the laser-structured implants. These findings don't support the previous in vitro results. Nevertheless, the strong integration into the bone is a powerful argument for further surface modifications focussing on the improvement of the antibacterial effect. Additionally, our results underline the need for in vivo testing of new materials prior to clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-L Schröder
- Hannover Medical School, Clinic for Orthopedic Surgery, Anna-von-Borries Str. 1-9, 30625 Hannover, Germany; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Small Animal Clinic, Bünteweg 9, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - N Angrisani
- Hannover Medical School, Clinic for Orthopedic Surgery, Anna-von-Borries Str. 1-9, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - E Fadeeva
- Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hollerithallee 8, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - J Hegermann
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Functional an Applied Anatomy, Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - J Reifenrath
- Hannover Medical School, Clinic for Orthopedic Surgery, Anna-von-Borries Str. 1-9, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
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118
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Othoum G, Prigent S, Derouiche A, Shi L, Bokhari A, Alamoudi S, Bougouffa S, Gao X, Hoehndorf R, Arold ST, Gojobori T, Hirt H, Lafi FF, Nielsen J, Bajic VB, Mijakovic I, Essack M. Comparative genomics study reveals Red Sea Bacillus with characteristics associated with potential microbial cell factories (MCFs). Sci Rep 2019; 9:19254. [PMID: 31848398 PMCID: PMC6917714 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55726-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in the use of microbial cells for scalable production of industrial enzymes encourage exploring new environments for efficient microbial cell factories (MCFs). Here, through a comparison study, ten newly sequenced Bacillus species, isolated from the Rabigh Harbor Lagoon on the Red Sea shoreline, were evaluated for their potential use as MCFs. Phylogenetic analysis of 40 representative genomes with phylogenetic relevance, including the ten Red Sea species, showed that the Red Sea species come from several colonization events and are not the result of a single colonization followed by speciation. Moreover, clustering reactions in reconstruct metabolic networks of these Bacillus species revealed that three metabolic clades do not fit the phylogenetic tree, a sign of convergent evolution of the metabolism of these species in response to special environmental adaptation. We further showed Red Sea strains Bacillus paralicheniformis (Bac48) and B. halosaccharovorans (Bac94) had twice as much secreted proteins than the model strain B. subtilis 168. Also, Bac94 was enriched with genes associated with the Tat and Sec protein secretion system and Bac48 has a hybrid PKS/NRPS cluster that is part of a horizontally transferred genomic region. These properties collectively hint towards the potential use of Red Sea Bacillus as efficient protein secreting microbial hosts, and that this characteristic of these strains may be a consequence of the unique ecological features of the isolation environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Othoum
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - S Prigent
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Systems & Synthetic Biology, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Derouiche
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Systems & Synthetic Biology, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - L Shi
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Systems & Synthetic Biology, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Bokhari
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - S Alamoudi
- Department of Biology, Science and Arts College, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - S Bougouffa
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - X Gao
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - R Hoehndorf
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - S T Arold
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - T Gojobori
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - H Hirt
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - F F Lafi
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, 144534, Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - J Nielsen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Systems & Synthetic Biology, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark.,Science for Life Laboratory, Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - V B Bajic
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - I Mijakovic
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Systems & Synthetic Biology, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - M Essack
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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119
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Piras AM, Esin S, Benedetti A, Maisetta G, Fabiano A, Zambito Y, Batoni G. Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, and Antiadhesive Properties of Different Quaternized Chitosan Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6297. [PMID: 31847119 PMCID: PMC6940869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the era of antimicrobial resistance, the identification of new antimicrobials is a research priority at the global level. In this regard, the attention towards functional antimicrobial polymers, with biomedical/pharmaceutical grade, and exerting anti-infective properties has recently grown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antiadhesive properties of a number of quaternized chitosan derivatives that have displayed significant muco-adhesive properties and wound healing promotion features in previous studies. Low (QAL) and high (QAH) molecular weight quaternized chitosan derivatives were synthetized and further modified with thiol moieties or pendant cyclodextrin, and their antibacterial activity evaluated as minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC). The ability of the derivatives to prevent biofilm formation was assessed by crystal violet staining. Both QAL and QAH derivatives exerted a bactericidal and/or inhibitory activity on the growth of P. aeruginosa and S. epidermidis. The same compounds also showed marked dose-dependent anti-biofilm activity. Furthermore, the high molecular weight derivative (QAH) was used to functionalize titanium plates. The successful functionalization, demonstrated by electron microscopy, was able to partially inhibit the adhesion of S. epidermidis at 6 h of incubation. The shown ability of the chitosan derivatives tested to both inhibit bacterial growth and/or biofilm formation of clinically relevant bacterial species reveals their potential as multifunctional molecules against bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Piras
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.F.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Semih Esin
- Department of Translational Research and New technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (S.E.); (A.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Arianna Benedetti
- Department of Translational Research and New technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (S.E.); (A.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Giuseppantonio Maisetta
- Department of Translational Research and New technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (S.E.); (A.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Angela Fabiano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.F.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ylenia Zambito
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.F.); (Y.Z.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanna Batoni
- Department of Translational Research and New technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (S.E.); (A.B.); (G.M.)
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120
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Chen H, Tang Y, Weir MD, Gao J, Imazato S, Oates TW, Lei L, Wang S, Hu T, Xu HHK. Effects of S. mutans gene-modification and antibacterial monomer dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate on biofilm growth and acid production. Dent Mater 2019; 36:296-309. [PMID: 31839202 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Antibacterial quaternary ammonium monomers (QAMs) are used in resins. The rnc gene in Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) plays a key role in resisting antibiotics. The objectives of this study were to investigate for the first time: (1) the effects of rnc deletion on S. mutans biofilms and acid production; (2) the combined effects of rnc deletion with dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) on biofilm-inhibition efficacy. METHODS Parent S. mutans strain UA159 (ATCC 700610) and the rnc-deleted S. mutans were used. Bacterial growth, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) were measured to analyze the bacterial susceptibility of the parent and rnc-deleted S. mutans against DMAHDM, with the gold-standard chlorhexidine (CHX) as control. Biofilm biomass, polysaccharide and lactic acid production were measured. RESULTS The drug-susceptibility of the rnc-deleted S. mutans to DMAHDM or CHX was 2-fold higher than parent S. mutans. The drug-susceptibility did not increase after 10 passages (p < 0.05). Deleting the rnc gene increased the biofilm susceptibility to DMAHDM or CHX by 2-fold. The rnc-deletion in S. mutans reduced biofilm biomass, polysaccharide and lactic acid production, even at no drugs. DMAHDM was nearly 40 % more potent than the gold-standard CHX. The combination of rnc deletion+DMAHDM treatment achieved the greatest reduction in biofilm biomass, polysaccharide synthesis, and lactic acid production. SIGNIFICANCE Gene modification by deleting the rnc in S. mutans reduced the biofilm growth and acid production, and the rnc deletion+DMAHDM method showed the greatest biofilm-inhibition efficacy, for the first time. The dual strategy of antibacterial monomer+bacterial gene modification shows great potential to control biofilms and inhibit caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Yunhao Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jianghong Gao
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Satoshi Imazato
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Thomas W Oates
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Lei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Suping Wang
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics & Periodontics and Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Tao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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121
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Streptomycin mediated biofilm inhibition and suppression of virulence properties in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 104:799-816. [PMID: 31820066 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10190-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known as an opportunistic pathogen whose one of the antibiotic resistance mechanisms includes biofilm formation and virulence factor production. The present study showed that the sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (sub-MIC) of streptomycin inhibited the formation of biofilm and eradicated the established mature biofilm. Streptomycin at sub-MIC was also capable of inhibiting biofilm formation on the urinary catheters. In addition, the sub-MIC of streptomycin attenuated the bacterial virulence properties as confirmed by both phenotypic and gene expression studies. The optimal conditions for streptomycin to perform anti-biofilm and anti-virulence activities were proposed as alkaline TSB media (pH 7.9) at 35 °C. However, sub-MIC of streptomycin also exhibited a comparative anti-biofilm efficacy in LB media at similar pH level and temperature. Furthermore, this condition also improved the biofilm inhibition and eradication properties of streptomycin, tobramycin and tetracycline towards the biofilm formed by a clinical isolate of P. aeruginosa. Findings from the present study provide an important insight for further studies on the mechanisms of biofilm inhibition and dispersion of pre-existing biofilm by streptomycin as well as tobramycin and tetracycline under a specific culture environment.
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122
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Verderosa AD, Totsika M, Fairfull-Smith KE. Bacterial Biofilm Eradication Agents: A Current Review. Front Chem 2019; 7:824. [PMID: 31850313 PMCID: PMC6893625 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Most free-living bacteria can attach to surfaces and aggregate to grow into multicellular communities encased in extracellular polymeric substances called biofilms. Biofilms are recalcitrant to antibiotic therapy and a major cause of persistent and recurrent infections by clinically important pathogens worldwide (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus). Currently, most biofilm remediation strategies involve the development of biofilm-inhibition agents, aimed at preventing the early stages of biofilm formation, or biofilm-dispersal agents, aimed at disrupting the biofilm cell community. While both strategies offer some clinical promise, neither represents a direct treatment and eradication strategy for established biofilms. Consequently, the discovery and development of biofilm eradication agents as comprehensive, stand-alone biofilm treatment options has become a fundamental area of research. Here we review our current understanding of biofilm antibiotic tolerance mechanisms and provide an overview of biofilm remediation strategies, focusing primarily on the most promising biofilm eradication agents and approaches. Many of these offer exciting prospects for the future of biofilm therapeutics for a large number of infections that are currently refractory to conventional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony D Verderosa
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Makrina Totsika
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kathryn E Fairfull-Smith
- School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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123
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Penesyan A, Nagy SS, Kjelleberg S, Gillings MR, Paulsen IT. Rapid microevolution of biofilm cells in response to antibiotics. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2019; 5:34. [PMID: 31728201 PMCID: PMC6834608 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-019-0108-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii are increasingly antibiotic resistant, generating a significant public health problem. Like many bacteria, A. baumannii adopts a biofilm lifestyle that enhances its antibiotic resistance and environmental resilience. Biofilms represent the predominant mode of microbial life, but research into antibiotic resistance has mainly focused on planktonic cells. We investigated the dynamics of A. baumannii biofilms in the presence of antibiotics. A 3-day exposure of A. baumannii biofilms to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics had a profound effect, increasing biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in the majority of biofilm dispersal isolates. Cells dispersing from biofilms were genome sequenced to identify mutations accumulating in their genomes, and network analysis linked these mutations to their phenotypes. Transcriptomics of biofilms confirmed the network analysis results, revealing novel gene functions of relevance to both resistance and biofilm formation. This approach is a rapid and objective tool for investigating resistance dynamics of biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahit Penesyan
- 1Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109 Australia.,2School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Stephanie S Nagy
- 1Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Staffan Kjelleberg
- 3Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, 60 Nanyang Drive, SBS-01N-27, Singapore, 637551 Singapore.,4School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551 Singapore.,5School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Michael R Gillings
- 6Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Ian T Paulsen
- 1Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109 Australia
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124
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Flanigan DC, Everhart JS, DiBartola AC, Dusane DH, Abouljoud MM, Magnussen RA, Kaeding CC, Stoodley P. Bacterial DNA is associated with tunnel widening in failed ACL reconstructions. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2019; 27:3490-3497. [PMID: 30810788 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-019-05405-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine if tunnel widening, defined as change in maximal tunnel diameter from the time of initial bone tunnel drilling to revision surgery is associated with bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) presence and concentration in torn graft tissue from failed anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions (ACLRs). METHODS Thirty-four consecutive revision ACLRs were included (mean age 27.3 years SD 10.9; median time to failure 4.9 years range 105 days-20 years). Graft selection of the failed reconstruction was 68% autograft, 26% allograft, and 6% autograft/allograft hybrid with a mean drilled tunnel diameter of 8.4 mm SD 0.8. Maximal tunnel diameters prior to revision were measured on pre-operative three-dimensional imaging and compared to drilled tunnel diameters at the time of the previous reconstruction. Tissue biopsies of the failed graft were obtained from tibial, femoral, and intraarticular segments. Sterile water left open to air during revision ACLRs and tissue from primary ACLRs were used as negative controls. Clinical cultures were obtained on all revision ACLRs and PCR with universal bacterial primer on all cases and negative controls. Fluorescence microscopy was used to confirm the presence and location of biofilms in two patients with retrieved torn graft tissue and fixation material. Amount of tunnel widening was compared to bacterial DNA presence as well as bacterial DNA concentration via Welch ANOVA. RESULTS Bacterial DNA was present in 29/34 (85%) revision ACLRs, 1/5 (20%) of primary ACLR controls and 0/3 (0%) sterile water controls. Cultures were positive (coagulase negative Staphylococcus sp.) in one case, which also had the greatest degree of tunnel widening. Femoral widening was greater in cases with detectable bacterial DNA (mean widening 2.6 mm SD 3.0) versus without (mean 0.3 mm SD 0.6) (p = 0.003) but was unaffected by bacterial DNA concentration (p = 0.44). Tibial widening was not associated with the presence of bacterial DNA (n.s.); however, higher bacterial DNA concentrations were observed in cases with tibial widening ≥ 3.0 mm (median 2.47 ng bacterial DNA/µg total DNA) versus widening < 3.0 mm (median 0.97 ng bacterial DNA/µg total DNA) (p = 0.046). Tunnel widening was not associated with time to failure, graft selection, or number of prior surgeries (n.s., all comparisons). Fluorescence microscopy confirmed the presence of biofilms on ruptured tendon graft as well as fixation material in 2/2 cases. CONCLUSION Bacterial DNA is commonly encountered on failed ACLR grafts and can form biofilms. Bacterial DNA does not cause clinically apparent infection symptoms but is associated with tunnel widening. Further research is needed to determine whether graft decontamination protocols can reduce graft bacterial colonization rates, ACLR tunnel widening or ACLR failure risk. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic III.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Flanigan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA. .,Sports Medicine Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 2835 Fred Taylor Dr, Columbus, OH, 43202, USA.
| | - Joshua S Everhart
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Alex C DiBartola
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Devendra H Dusane
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Moneer M Abouljoud
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA.,Sports Medicine Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 2835 Fred Taylor Dr, Columbus, OH, 43202, USA
| | - Robert A Magnussen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA.,Sports Medicine Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 2835 Fred Taylor Dr, Columbus, OH, 43202, USA
| | - Christopher C Kaeding
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA.,Sports Medicine Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 2835 Fred Taylor Dr, Columbus, OH, 43202, USA
| | - Paul Stoodley
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA.,Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.,National Centre for Advanced Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southampton University, Southampton, UK
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125
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Cheng G, Ning J, Ahmed S, Huang J, Ullah R, An B, Hao H, Dai M, Huang L, Wang X, Yuan Z. Selection and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in Agri-food production. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2019; 8:158. [PMID: 31649815 PMCID: PMC6805589 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-019-0623-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Public unrest about the use of antimicrobial agents in farming practice is the leading cause of increasing and the emergences of Multi-drug Resistant Bacteria that have placed pressure on the agri-food industry to act. The usage of antimicrobials in food and agriculture have direct or indirect effects on the development of Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) by bacteria associated with animals and plants which may enter the food chain through consumption of meat, fish, vegetables or some other food sources. In addition to antimicrobials, recent reports have shown that AMR is associated with tolerance to heavy metals existing naturally or used in agri-food production. Besides, biocides including disinfectants, antiseptics and preservatives which are widely used in farms and slaughter houses may also contribute in the development of AMR. Though the direct transmission of AMR from food-animals and related environment to human is still vague and debatable, the risk should not be neglected. Therefore, combined global efforts are necessary for the proper use of antimicrobials, heavy metals and biocides in agri-food production to control the development of AMR. These collective measures will preserve the effectiveness of existing antimicrobials for future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guyue Cheng
- 1MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Jianan Ning
- 1MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Saeed Ahmed
- 1MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Junhong Huang
- 1MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Rizwan Ullah
- 3State key laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Boyu An
- 1MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Haihong Hao
- 1MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Menghong Dai
- 1MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Lingli Huang
- 2National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MOA Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Xu Wang
- 1MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- 1MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China.,2National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MOA Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
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Gu H, Lee SW, Carnicelli J, Jiang Z, Ren D. Antibiotic Susceptibility of Escherichia coli Cells during Early-Stage Biofilm Formation. J Bacteriol 2019; 201:e00034-19. [PMID: 31061169 PMCID: PMC6707912 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00034-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria form complex multicellular structures on solid surfaces known as biofilms, which allow them to survive in harsh environments. A hallmark characteristic of mature biofilms is the high-level antibiotic tolerance (up to 1,000 times) compared with that of planktonic cells. Here, we report our new findings that biofilm cells are not always more tolerant to antibiotics than planktonic cells in the same culture. Specifically, Escherichia coli RP437 exhibited a dynamic change in antibiotic susceptibility during its early-stage biofilm formation. This phenomenon was not strain specific. Upon initial attachment, surface-associated cells became more sensitive to antibiotics than planktonic cells. By controlling the cell adhesion and cluster size using patterned E. coli biofilms, cells involved in the interaction between cell clusters during microcolony formation were found to be more susceptible to ampicillin than cells within clusters, suggesting a role of cell-cell interactions in biofilm-associated antibiotic tolerance. After this stage, biofilm cells became less susceptible to ampicillin and ofloxacin than planktonic cells. However, when the cells were detached by sonication, both antibiotics were more effective in killing the detached biofilm cells than the planktonic cells. Collectively, these results indicate that biofilm formation involves active cellular activities in adaption to the attached life form and interactions between cell clusters to build the complex structure of a biofilm, which can render these cells more susceptible to antibiotics. These findings shed new light on bacterial antibiotic susceptibility during biofilm formation and can guide the design of better antifouling surfaces, e.g., those with micron-scale topographic structures to interrupt cell-cell interactions.IMPORTANCE Mature biofilms are known for their high-level tolerance to antibiotics; however, antibiotic susceptibility of sessile cells during early-stage biofilm formation is not well understood. In this study, we aim to fill this knowledge gap by following bacterial antibiotic susceptibility during early-stage biofilm formation. We found that the attached cells have a dynamic change in antibiotic susceptibility, and during certain phases, they can be more sensitive to antibiotics than planktonic counterparts in the same culture. Using surface chemistry-controlled patterned biofilm formation, cell-surface and cell-cell interactions were found to affect the antibiotic susceptibility of attached cells. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into biofilm physiology and reveal how adaptation to the attached life form may influence antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Gu
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Sang Won Lee
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Joseph Carnicelli
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Zhaowei Jiang
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Dacheng Ren
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
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Zhang Y, Xiu W, Gan S, Shan J, Ren S, Yuwen L, Weng L, Teng Z, Wang L. Antibody-Functionalized MoS 2 Nanosheets for Targeted Photothermal Therapy of Staphylococcus aureus Focal Infection. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:218. [PMID: 31552242 PMCID: PMC6746923 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial biofilm-related diseases cause serious hazard to public health and bring great challenge to the traditional antibiotic treatment. Photothermal therapy (PTT) has been recognized as a promising alternative solution. However, the therapeutic efficacy of PTT is often compromised by the collateral damage to normal tissues due to the lack of bacteria-targeting capability. Here, a Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)-targeted PTT nanoagent is prepared based on antibody (anti-protein A IgG), polydopamine (PDA), and PEG-SH (thiolated poly (ethylene glycol)) functionalized MoS2 nanosheets (MoS2@PDA-PEG/IgG NSs, MPPI NSs). The PDA was used as bio-nano interface to facilitate the covalent conjugation of antibody and PEG-SH onto the surface of MoS2 NSs via facile catechol chemistry. Targeted PTT of MPPI NSs shows excellent inactivation efficiency of larger than 4 log (>99.99%) to S. aureus both in biofilms (in vitro) and in infected tissues (in vivo) without causing damage to normal mammalian cells. By contrast, non-targeted PTT of MoS2@PDA-PEG NSs (MPP NSs) only kills S. aureus by <90% in vitro and <50% in vivo. As a result, S. aureus focal infection in mice healed much faster after PTT of MPPI NSs than that of MPP NSs. The superiority of targeted PTT may originate from the efficient accumulation and close binding of PTT agents to bacterial cells. Therefore, MPPI NSs with bacteria-targeting capability are promising photothermal agents for effective treatment of S. aureus focal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
- Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weijun Xiu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyu Gan
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingyang Shan
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaokang Ren
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Lihui Yuwen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Lixing Weng
- School of Geography and Biological Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaogang Teng
- Department of Medical Imaging, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lianhui Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa Increases the Sensitivity of Biofilm-Grown Staphylococcus aureus to Membrane-Targeting Antiseptics and Antibiotics. mBio 2019; 10:mBio.01501-19. [PMID: 31363032 PMCID: PMC6667622 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01501-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The thick mucus in the airways of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients predisposes them to frequent, polymicrobial respiratory infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are frequently coisolated from the airways of individuals with CF, as well as from diabetic foot ulcers and other wounds. Both organisms form biofilms, which are notoriously difficult to eradicate and promote chronic infection. In this study, we have shown that P. aeruginosa-secreted factors can increase the efficacy of compounds that alone have little or no bactericidal activity against S. aureus biofilms. In particular, we discovered that P. aeruginosa exoproducts can potentiate the antistaphylococcal activity of phenol-based antiseptics and other membrane-active drugs. Our findings illustrate that polymicrobial interactions can dramatically increase antibacterial efficacy in vitro and suggest that altering membrane physiology promotes the ability of certain drugs to kill bacterial biofilms—knowledge that may provide a path for the discovery of new biofilm-targeting antimicrobial strategies. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus often cause chronic, recalcitrant infections in large part due to their ability to form biofilms. The biofilm mode of growth enables these organisms to withstand antibacterial insults that would effectively eliminate their planktonic counterparts. We found that P. aeruginosa supernatant increased the sensitivity of S. aureus biofilms to multiple antimicrobial compounds, including fluoroquinolones and membrane-targeting antibacterial agents, including the antiseptic chloroxylenol. Treatment of S. aureus with the antiseptic chloroxylenol alone did not decrease biofilm cell viability; however, the combination of chloroxylenol and P. aeruginosa supernatant led to a 4-log reduction in S. aureus biofilm viability compared to exposure to chloroxylenol alone. We found that the P. aeruginosa-produced small molecule 2-n-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide (HQNO) is responsible for the observed heightened sensitivity of S. aureus to chloroxylenol. Similarly, HQNO increased the susceptibility of S. aureus biofilms to other compounds, including both traditional and nontraditional antibiotics, which permeabilize bacterial membranes. Genetic and phenotypic studies support a model whereby HQNO causes an increase in S. aureus membrane fluidity, thereby improving the efficacy of membrane-targeting antiseptics and antibiotics. Importantly, our data show that P. aeruginosa exoproducts can enhance the ability of various antimicrobial agents to kill biofilm populations of S. aureus that are typically difficult to eradicate. Finally, our discovery that altering membrane fluidity shifts antimicrobial sensitivity profiles of bacterial biofilms may guide new approaches to target persistent infections, such as those commonly found in respiratory tract infections and in chronic wounds.
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129
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130
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Been Koo
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Seo
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Republic of Korea
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131
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Wang X, Biswas S, Paudyal N, Pan H, Li X, Fang W, Yue M. Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella Typhimurium Isolates Recovered From the Food Chain Through National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System Between 1996 and 2016. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:985. [PMID: 31134024 PMCID: PMC6514237 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella is a major foodborne pathogen which causes widespread contamination and infection worldwide. Salmonella Typhimurium is one of the leading serovars responsible for human and animal salmonellosis, globally. The increasing rate of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella Typhimurium poses a significant global concern, and an improved understanding of the distribution of antibiotic resistance patterns in Salmonella Typhimurium is essential for choosing the suitable antibiotic for the treatment of infections. To evaluate the roles of animal and human in antibiotic resistance dissemination, this study aims to categorize 11,447 S. Typhimurium strains obtained across the food-chain, including food animals, retail meats and humans for 21 years in the United States by analyzing minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) values for 27 antibiotics. Random Forest Algorithm and Hierarchical Clustering statistics were used to group the strains according to their minimum inhibitory concentration values. Classification and Regression Tree analysis was used to identify the best classifier for human- and animal-populations’ isolates. We found the persistent population or multi-drug resistant strains of S. Typhimurium across the four time periods (1996∼2000, 2001∼2005, 2006∼2010, 2011∼2016). Importantly, we also detected that there was more diversity in the MIC patterns among S. Typhimurium strains isolated between 2011 and 2016, which suggests significant emergence of diversified multi-drug resistant strains. The most frequently observed (43%) antibiotic resistance patterns found in S. Typhimurium were tetra-resistant pattern ASSuT (ampicillin, streptomycin, sulfonamides, and tetracycline) and the penta-resistant pattern ACSSuT (ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfonamides, and tetracycline). Animals (mainly swine and bovine) are the major source for these two frequently found antibiotic resistance patterns. The occurrence of antibiotic resistant strains from humans and chicken is alarming. Strains were mostly susceptible to fluoroquinolones. Together, this study helped in understanding the expansion of dynamics of antibiotic resistance of S. Typhimurium and recommended fluoroquinolones as a possible treatment options against S. Typhimurium infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuchu Wang
- Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Silpak Biswas
- CATG Microbiology and Food Safety Laboratory, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Narayan Paudyal
- CATG Microbiology and Food Safety Laboratory, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hang Pan
- CATG Microbiology and Food Safety Laboratory, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- CATG Microbiology and Food Safety Laboratory, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weihuan Fang
- CATG Microbiology and Food Safety Laboratory, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Yue
- CATG Microbiology and Food Safety Laboratory, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Reina JC, Torres M, Llamas I. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia AHL-Degrading Strains Isolated from Marine Invertebrate Microbiota Attenuate the Virulence of Pectobacterium carotovorum and Vibrio coralliilyticus. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 21:276-290. [PMID: 30762152 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-019-09879-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Many Gram-negative aquacultural and agricultural pathogens control virulence factor expression through a quorum-sensing (QS) mechanism involving the production of N-acylhomoserine (AHL) signalling molecules. Thus, the interruption of QS systems by the enzymatic degradation of signalling molecules, known as quorum quenching (QQ), has been proposed as a novel strategy to combat these infections. Given that the symbiotic bacteria of marine invertebrates are considered to be an important source of new bioactive molecules, this study explores the presence of AHL-degrading bacteria among 827 strains previously isolated from the microbiota of anemones and holothurians. Four of these strains (M3-1, M1-14, M3-13 and M9-54-2), belonging to the species Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, were selected on the basis of their ability to degrade a broad range of AHLs, and the enzymes involved in their activity were identified. Strain M9-54-2, which showed the strongest AHL-degrading activity, was selected for further study. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass-spectrometry confirmed that the QQ enzyme is not a lactonase. Strain M9-54-2 degraded AHL accumulation and reduced the production of enzymatic activity in Pectobacterium carotovorum CECT 225T and Vibrio coralliilyticus VibC-Oc-193 in in vitro co-cultivation experiments. The effect of AHL inactivation was confirmed by a reduction in potato tuber maceration and brine shrimp (Artemia salina) mortality caused by P. carotovorum and Vibrio coralliilyticus, respectively. This study strengthens the evidence of marine organisms as an underexplored and promising source of QQ enzymes, useful to prevent infections in aquaculture and agriculture. To our knowledge, this is the first time that anemones and holothurians have been studied for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Carlos Reina
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Marta Torres
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Biotechnology, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, CEA, CNRS, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Inmaculada Llamas
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
- Institute of Biotechnology, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
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Kim NN, Kim WJ, Kang SS. Anti-biofilm effect of crude bacteriocin derived from Lactobacillus brevis DF01 on Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium. Food Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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134
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Actinobacteria-a promising natural source of anti-biofilm agents. Int Microbiol 2019; 22:403-409. [PMID: 30847714 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-019-00066-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A biofilm is a community of microorganisms attached to a surface and embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances. Biofilms confer resistance towards conventional antibiotic treatments; thus, there is an urgent need for newer and more effective antimicrobial agents that can act against these biofilms. Due to this situation, various studies have been done to investigate the anti-biofilm effects of natural products including bioactive compounds extracted from microorganisms such as Actinobacteria. This review provides an insight into the anti-biofilm potential of Actinobacteria against various pathogenic bacteria, which hopefully provides useful information, guidance, and improvements for future antimicrobial studies. Nevertheless, further research on the anti-biofilm mechanisms and compound modifications to produce more potent anti-biofilm effects are required.
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135
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Stotani S, Gatta V, Medarametla P, Padmanaban M, Karawajczyk A, Giordanetto F, Tammela P, Laitinen T, Poso A, Tzalis D, Collina S. DPD-Inspired Discovery of Novel LsrK Kinase Inhibitors: An Opportunity To Fight Antimicrobial Resistance. J Med Chem 2019; 62:2720-2737. [PMID: 30786203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is posing a continuous threat to global public health and represents a huge burden for society as a whole. In the past decade, the interference with bacterial quorum sensing (QS) (i.e., cell-cell communication) mechanisms has extensively been investigated as a valid therapeutic approach in the pursuit of a next generation of antimicrobials. ( S)-4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione, commonly known as ( S)-DPD, a small signaling molecule that modulates QS in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, is phosphorylated by LsrK, and the resulting phospho-DPD activates QS. We designed and prepared a small library of DPD derivatives, characterized by five different scaffolds, and evaluated their LsrK inhibition in the context of QS interference. SAR studies highlighted the pyrazole moiety as an essential structural element for LsrK inhibition. Particularly, four compounds were found to be micromolar LsrK inhibitors (IC50 ranging between 100 μM and 500 μM) encouraging further exploration of novel analogues as potential new antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Stotani
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section , University of Pavia , Viale Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy.,Medicinal Chemistry , Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG , Emil-Figge-Straße 76a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Viviana Gatta
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Helsinki , FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Prasanthi Medarametla
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Eastern Finland , P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio , Finland
| | - Mohan Padmanaban
- Medicinal Chemistry , Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG , Emil-Figge-Straße 76a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Anna Karawajczyk
- Selvita S.A. , Park Life Science, Bobrzyňskiego 14 , 30-348 Krakow , Poland
| | - Fabrizio Giordanetto
- Medicinal Chemistry , Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG , Emil-Figge-Straße 76a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Päivi Tammela
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Helsinki , FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Tuomo Laitinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Eastern Finland , P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio , Finland
| | - Antti Poso
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Eastern Finland , P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio , Finland
| | - Dimitros Tzalis
- Medicinal Chemistry , Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG , Emil-Figge-Straße 76a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Simona Collina
- Medicinal Chemistry , Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG , Emil-Figge-Straße 76a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
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136
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Santos A, Luís Â, Ferreira S, Duarte AP. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity and potential of heather (
Erica
spp.) extracts in the control of
Listeria monocytogenes. Int J Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anabela Santos
- CICS‐UBI‐Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde Universidade da Beira Interior 6200 ‐ 506 Covilhã Portugal
| | - Ângelo Luís
- CICS‐UBI‐Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde Universidade da Beira Interior 6200 ‐ 506 Covilhã Portugal
| | - Susana Ferreira
- CICS‐UBI‐Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde Universidade da Beira Interior 6200 ‐ 506 Covilhã Portugal
| | - Ana P. Duarte
- CICS‐UBI‐Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde Universidade da Beira Interior 6200 ‐ 506 Covilhã Portugal
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137
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Kim H, Kang SS. Antifungal activities against Candida albicans, of cell-free supernatants obtained from probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici HW01. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 99:113-119. [PMID: 30658319 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal activities of cell-free supernatants of a probiotic strain, Pediococcus acidilactici HW01, against Candida albicans. DESIGN C. albicans was cultured in the presence of different concentration of cell-free supernatants obtained from P. acidilactici HW01 (HW01 CFS) and the growth of C. albicans was determined. C. albicans was incubated with HW01 CFS for 24 h and the biofilm formation of C. albicans was determined by staining crystal violet and by using a scanning electron microscope. Biofilm quantification was determined by 2, 3-Bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) assay. RESULTS HW01 CFS inhibitedC. albicans growth, whereas bacteriocin, which is a well-known antimicrobial peptide of lactic acid bacteria, failed to inhibit C. albicans growth. Pre-treatment and simultaneous treatment with HW01 CFS exhibited a significant inhibition of C. albicans biofilm. Although post-treatment with HW01 CFS did not disrupt the established biofilm of C. albicans at 3 h-incubation, significant reduced C. albicans biofilm was observed after 6 h-incubation in the presence of HW01 CFS. CONCLUSION These results suggested that the CFS fromP. acidilactici HW01 was revealed as an effective antifungal agent against C. albicans by reducing the growth and biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjin Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Seong Kang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea.
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138
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Li Z, Feng X, Gao S, Jin Y, Zhao W, Liu H, Yang X, Hu S, Cheng K, Zhang J. Porous Organic Polymer-Coated Band-Aids for Phototherapy of Bacteria-Induced Wound Infection. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:613-618. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Li
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Analytical Chemistry Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Xiaochen Feng
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Analytical Chemistry Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shutao Gao
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Analytical Chemistry Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Jin
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Analytical Chemistry Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wencong Zhao
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Analytical Chemistry Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huifang Liu
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Analytical Chemistry Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinjian Yang
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Analytical Chemistry Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Hu
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Jinchao Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Analytical Chemistry Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People’s Republic of China
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139
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Anuj SA, Gajera HP, Hirpara DG, Golakiya BA. Interruption in membrane permeability of drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with cationic particles of nano‑silver. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 127:208-216. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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140
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Igrejas G, Correia S, Silva V, Hébraud M, Caniça M, Torres C, Gomes C, Nogueira F, Poeta P. Planning a One Health Case Study to Evaluate Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Its Economic Burden in Portugal. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2964. [PMID: 30581421 PMCID: PMC6292916 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most important multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogens worldwide with infections leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality, a significant burden to human and veterinary clinical practices. The ability of S. aureus colonies to form biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces contributes further to its high antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rates and persistence in both host and non-host environments, adding a major ecological dimension to the problem. While there is a lot of information on MRSA prevalence in humans, data about MRSA in animal populations is scarce, incomplete and dispersed. This project is an attempt to evaluate the current epidemiological status of MRSA in Portugal by making a single case study from a One Health perspective. We aim to determine the prevalence of MRSA in anthropogenic sources liable to contaminate different animal habitats. The results obtained will be compiled with existing data on antibiotic resistant staphylococci from Portugal in a user-friendly database, to generate a geographically detailed epidemiological output for surveillance of AMR in MRSA. To achieve this, we will first characterize AMR and genetic lineages of MRSA circulating in northern Portugal in hospital wastewaters, farms near hospitals, farm animals that contact with humans, and wild animals. This will indicate the extent of the AMR problem in the context of local and regional human-animal-environment interactions. MRSA strains will then be tested for their ability to form biofilms. The proteomes of the strains will be compared to better elucidate their AMR mechanisms. Proteomics data will be integrated with the genomic and transcriptomic data obtained. The vast amount of information expected from this omics approach will improve our understanding of AMR in MRSA biofilms, and help us identify new vaccine candidates and biomarkers for early diagnosis and innovative therapeutic strategies to tackle MRSA biofilm-associated infections and potentially other AMR superbugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Igrejas
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unit, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Nova of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Correia
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unit, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Nova of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Veterinary Science Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Silva
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unit, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Nova of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Veterinary Science Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Michel Hébraud
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR0454 MEDiS, Centre Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France.,Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Plate-Forme d'Exploration du Métabolisme Composante Protéomique, UR0370 QuaPA, Centre Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Manuela Caniça
- National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carmen Torres
- Área de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain.,Área de Microbiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Catarina Gomes
- Centro de Administração e Políticas Públicas, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Nogueira
- Centro de Administração e Políticas Públicas, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Poeta
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Nova of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Veterinary Science Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
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141
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Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation of fungal biofilm using amino functionalized mesoporus silica-rose bengal nanoconjugate against Candida albicans. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2018.e00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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142
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Cremonini E, Boaretti M, Vandecandelaere I, Zonaro E, Coenye T, Lleo MM, Lampis S, Vallini G. Biogenic selenium nanoparticles synthesized by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia SeITE02 loose antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy as a result of the progressive alteration of their organic coating layer. Microb Biotechnol 2018; 11:1037-1047. [PMID: 29635772 PMCID: PMC6196382 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing emergence of drug-resistant microorganisms poses a great concern to clinicians; thus, new active products are urgently required to treat a number of infectious disease cases. Different metallic and metalloid nanoparticles have so far been reported as possessing antimicrobial properties and proposed as a possible alternative therapy against resistant pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) synthesized by the environmental bacterial isolate Stenotrophomonas maltophilia SeITE02 were shown to exert a clear antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against different pathogenic bacteria, either reference strains or clinical isolates. Antimicrobial and antibiofilm capacity seems to be strictly linked to the organic cap surrounding biogenic nanoparticles, although the actual role played by this coating layer in the biocidal action remains still undefined. Nevertheless, evidence has been gained that the progressive loss in protein and carbohydrate content of the organic cap determines a decrease in nanoparticle stability. This leads to an alteration of size and electrical properties of SeNPs along with a gradual attenuation of their antibacterial efficacy. Denaturation of the coating layer was proved even to have a negative effect on the antibiofilm activity of these nanoparticles. The pronounced antimicrobial efficacy of biogenic SeNPs compared to the denatured ones can - in first instance - be associated with their smaller dimensions. This study showed that the native organic coating layer of biogenic SeNPs functions in avoiding aggregation and maintaining electrostatic stability of the nanoparticles, thus allowing them to maintain efficient antimicrobial and antibiofilm capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cremonini
- Department of Diagnostic and Public HealthUniversity of VeronaStrada Le Grazie 837134VeronaItaly
| | - Marzia Boaretti
- Department of Diagnostic and Public HealthUniversity of VeronaStrada Le Grazie 837134VeronaItaly
| | - Ilse Vandecandelaere
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical MicrobiologyGhent UniversityOttergemsesteenweg 4609000GentBelgium
| | - Emanuele Zonaro
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaStrada Le Grazie 1537134VeronaItaly
| | - Tom Coenye
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical MicrobiologyGhent UniversityOttergemsesteenweg 4609000GentBelgium
| | - Maria M. Lleo
- Department of Diagnostic and Public HealthUniversity of VeronaStrada Le Grazie 837134VeronaItaly
| | - Silvia Lampis
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaStrada Le Grazie 1537134VeronaItaly
| | - Giovanni Vallini
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaStrada Le Grazie 1537134VeronaItaly
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143
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Production of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate by Bacillus subtilis AD35: Isolation, purification, characterization and biological activities. Microb Pathog 2018; 124:89-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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144
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Cold plasma effect on the proteome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Role for bacterioferritin. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206530. [PMID: 30365553 PMCID: PMC6203385 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (CAP) is a relatively new method used for bacterial inactivation. CAP is ionized gas that can be generated by applying an electric current to air or a feeding gas. It contains reactive species and emits UV radiation, which have antibacterial activity. Previous data suggests that CAP is effective in microbial inactivation and can decontaminate and sterilize surfaces, but its exact mode of action is still under debate. This study demonstrates the effect of CAP on the whole proteome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilms, which is a dominant pathogen in cystic fibrosis and medical device-related infections. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to identify differentially regulated proteins of whole cell P. aeruginosa extracts. A total of 16 proteins were identified to be affected by plasma treatment compared to the control. Eight of the identified proteins have functions in transcription and translation and their expression changes are likely to be part of a general physiological response instead of a CAP-specific adaptation. However, CAP also affected bacterioferritin (Bfr), Isocitrate dehydrogenase (Idh), Trigger factor (Tig) and a chemotaxis protein, which may be involved in P. aeruginosa’s specific response to CAP. We confirm that bacterioferritin B plays a role in the bacterial response to CAP because ΔbfrB mutants of both PAO1 and PA14 are more susceptible to plasma-induced cell-death than their corresponding wild-type strains. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing the effect of plasma on the whole proteome of a pathogenic microorganism. It will help our understanding of the mode of action of CAP-mediated bacterial inactivation and thus support a safe and effective routine use of CAP in clinical and industrial settings.
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145
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A Versatile Strategy for the Synthesis of 4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-Pentanedione (DPD) and Related Compounds as Potential Modulators of Bacterial Quorum Sensing. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102545. [PMID: 30301207 PMCID: PMC6222300 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to antibiotics is an increasingly serious threat to global public health and its management translates to significant health care costs. The validation of new Gram-negative antibacterial targets as sources for potential new antibiotics remains a challenge for all the scientists working in this field. The interference with bacterial Quorum Sensing (QS) mechanisms represents a potentially interesting approach to control bacterial growth and pursue the next generation of antimicrobials. In this context, our research is focused on the discovery of novel compounds structurally related to (S)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione, commonly known as (S)-DPD, a small signaling molecule able to modulate bacterial QS in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In this study, a practical and versatile synthesis of racemic DPD is presented. Compared to previously reported syntheses, the proposed strategy is short and robust: it requires only one purification step and avoids the use of expensive or hazardous starting materials as well as the use of specific equipment. It is therefore well suited to the synthesis of derivatives for pharmaceutical research, as demonstrated by four series of novel DPD-related compounds described herein.
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146
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Lakshmi S, Avti PK, Hegde G. Activated carbon nanoparticles from biowaste as new generation antimicrobial agents: A review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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147
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Zhou P, Chen Y, Lu Q, Qin H, Ou H, He B, Ye J. Cellular metabolism network of Bacillus thuringiensis related to erythromycin stress and degradation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 160:328-341. [PMID: 29857237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Erythromycin is one of the most widely used macrolide antibiotics. To present a system-level understanding of erythromycin stress and degradation, proteome, phospholipids and membrane potentials were investigated after the erythromycin degradation. Bacillus thuringiensis could effectively remove 77% and degrade 53% of 1 µM erythromycin within 24 h. The 36 up-regulated and 22 down-regulated proteins were mainly involved in spore germination, chaperone and nucleic acid binding. Up-regulated ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase and ribosomal proteins confirmed that the synthesis of protein, DNA and RNA were enhanced after the erythromycin degradation. The reaction network of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis was activated, whereas, the activity of spore germination was decreased. The increased synthesis of phospholipids, especially, palmitoleic acid and oleic acid, altered the membrane permeability for erythromycin transport. Ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase and palmitoleic acid could be biomarkers to reflect erythromycin exposure. Lipids, disease, pyruvate metabolism and citrate cycle in human cells could be the target pathways influenced by erythromycin. The findings presented novel insights to the interaction among erythromycin stress, protein interaction and metabolism network, and provided a useful protocol for investigating cellular metabolism responses under pollutant stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulin Zhou
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Ya Chen
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiying Lu
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou 510303, Guangdong, China
| | - Huaming Qin
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Huase Ou
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Baoyan He
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinshao Ye
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China.
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148
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Nagler M, Insam H, Pietramellara G, Ascher-Jenull J. Extracellular DNA in natural environments: features, relevance and applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:6343-6356. [PMID: 29858957 PMCID: PMC6061472 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular DNA (exDNA) is abundant in many habitats, including soil, sediments, oceans and freshwater as well as the intercellular milieu of metazoa. For a long time, its origin has been assumed to be mainly lysed cells. Nowadays, research is collecting evidence that exDNA is often secreted actively and is used to perform a number of tasks, thereby offering an attractive target or tool for biotechnological, medical, environmental and general microbiological applications. The present review gives an overview on the main research areas dealing with exDNA, depicts its inherent origins and functions and deduces the potential of existing and emerging exDNA-based applications. Furthermore, it provides an overview on existing extraction methods and indicates common pitfalls that should be avoided whilst working with exDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Nagler
- Universität Innsbruck, Institute of Microbiology, Technikerstr. 25d, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Heribert Insam
- Universität Innsbruck, Institute of Microbiology, Technikerstr. 25d, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Giacomo Pietramellara
- Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Agroalimentari e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144, Florence, Italy
| | - Judith Ascher-Jenull
- Universität Innsbruck, Institute of Microbiology, Technikerstr. 25d, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
- Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Agroalimentari e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144, Florence, Italy
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149
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Xylose Improves Antibiotic Activity of Chloramphenicol and Tetracycline against K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii in a Murine Model of Skin Infection. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2018; 2018:3467219. [PMID: 30123393 PMCID: PMC6079543 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3467219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Increased resistance to antimicrobials in clinically important bacteria has been widely reported. The major mechanism causing multidrug resistance (MDR) is mediated by efflux pumps, proteins located in the cytoplasmic membrane to exclude antimicrobial drug. Some efflux pumps recognize and expel a variety of unrelated antimicrobial agents, while other efflux pumps can expel only one specific class of antibiotics. Previously, we have reported that xylose decreases the efflux-mediated antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii in vitro. In this work, we assessed the effectiveness of combining xylose with antibiotics to kill resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae in a murine model of skin infection. Skin infections were established by seeding 109 bacteria onto eroded skin of mice. Mice treated with the antibiotic alone or with a mixture of glucose and antibiotics or xylose and antibiotics were compared to a control group that was infected but received no further treatment. We observed that the mixtures xylose-tetracycline and xylose-chloramphenicol produced a decrease of at least 10 times viable Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae recovered from infected skin, compared with mice treated with the antibiotic alone. Our results show that xylose improves the antibiotic activity of tetracycline and chloramphenicol against efflux-mediated resistance Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae, in a murine model of skin infection. We envision these combined formulations as an efficient treatment of skin infections with bacteria presenting efflux-mediated resistance, in both humans and animals.
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Ramchuran EJ, Somboro AM, Abdel Monaim SAH, Amoako DG, Parboosing R, Kumalo HM, Agrawal N, Albericio F, Torre BGDL, Bester LA. In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Teixobactin Derivatives on Clinically Relevant Bacterial Isolates. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1535. [PMID: 30050518 PMCID: PMC6051056 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) are included on the WHO high priority list of pathogens that require urgent intervention. Hence emphasis needs to be placed on developing novel class of molecules to tackle these pathogens. Teixobactin is a new class of antibiotic that has demonstrated antimicrobial activity against common bacteria. Here we examined the antimicrobial properties of three Teixobactin derivatives against clinically relevant bacterial isolates taken from South African patients. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), the effect of serum on MICs and the time-kill kinetics studies of our synthesized Teixobactin derivatives (3, 4, and 5) were ascertained following the CLSI 2017 guidelines and using the broth microdilution method. Haemolysis on red blood cells (RBCs) and cytotoxicity on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were performed to determine the safety of these compounds. The MICs of 3, 4, and 5 against reference strains were 4–64 μg/ml, 2–64 μg/ml, and 0.5–64 μg/ml, respectively. The MICs observed for MRSA were (3) 32 μg/ml, (4) 2–4 μg/ml and (5) 2–4 μg/ml whilst those for VRE were (3) 8–16 μg/ml, (4) 4 μg/ml and (5) 2–16 μg/ml, respectively. In the presence of 50% human serum, there was no significant effect on the MICs. The compounds did not exhibit any effect on cell viability at their effective concentrations. Teixobactin derivatives (3, 4, and 5) inhibited bacterial growth in drug-resistant bacteria and hence emerge as potential antimicrobial agents. Molecular dynamic simulations suggested that the most dominant binding mode of Lys10-teixobactin (4) to lipid II is through the amide protons of the cycle, which is identical to data described in the literature for the natural teixobactin hence predicting the possibility of a similar mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle J Ramchuran
- Biomedical Resource Unit, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Anou M Somboro
- Biomedical Resource Unit, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Shimaa A H Abdel Monaim
- Peptide Research Group, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Daniel G Amoako
- Biomedical Resource Unit, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Raveen Parboosing
- Department of Virology, National Health Laboratory Service, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Hezekiel M Kumalo
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Nikhil Agrawal
- KRISP, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Research Group, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz G de La Torre
- KRISP, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Linda A Bester
- Biomedical Resource Unit, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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