101
|
de Lucas B, Bernal A, M. Pérez L, San Martín N, Gálvez BG. Membrane Blebbing Is Required for Mesenchymal Precursor Migration. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150004. [PMID: 26930466 PMCID: PMC4773234 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal precursors (MPs) present some advantageous features, such as differentiation and migration, which make them promising candidates for cell therapy. A better understanding of MP migration characteristics would aid the development of cell delivery protocols. Traditionally, cell migration is thought to occur only through the formation of lamellipodia. More recently, contractility-driven bleb formation has emerged as an alternative mechanism of motility. Here we report that MPs derived from different tissues present spontaneously dynamic cytoplasmic projections in sub-confluent culture, which appear as a combination of lamellipodia with blebs in the leading edge. Upon initial seeding, however, only bleb structures could be observed. Immunofluorescence revealed the presence of pERM, RhoA and F-actin during the blebbing process. Results from migration assays in the presence of blebbistatin, a myosin II inhibitor, showed that bleb formation correlated with migratory capacity, suggesting a functional role for blebs in migration. Bleb formation might be a useful mechanism to improve cell migration in cellular therapy protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz de Lucas
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Europea (UE), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurora Bernal
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria San Martín
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz G. Gálvez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Europea (UE), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Australasian College of Sports Physicians-Position Statement: The Place of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell Therapies in Sport and Exercise Medicine. Clin J Sport Med 2016; 26:87-95. [PMID: 26784119 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000000298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
103
|
Dang PN, Dwivedi N, Phillips LM, Yu X, Herberg S, Bowerman C, Solorio LD, Murphy WL, Alsberg E. Controlled Dual Growth Factor Delivery From Microparticles Incorporated Within Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aggregates for Enhanced Bone Tissue Engineering via Endochondral Ossification. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:206-17. [PMID: 26702127 PMCID: PMC4729553 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering via endochondral ossification has been explored by chondrogenically priming cells using soluble mediators for at least 3 weeks to produce a hypertrophic cartilage template. Although recapitulation of endochondral ossification has been achieved, long-term in vitro culture is required for priming cells through repeated supplementation of inductive factors in the media. To address this challenge, a microparticle-based growth factor delivery system was engineered to drive endochondral ossification within human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) aggregates. Sequential exogenous presentation of soluble transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) at various defined time courses resulted in varying degrees of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis as demonstrated by glycosaminoglycan and calcium content. The time course that best induced endochondral ossification was used to guide the development of the microparticle-based controlled delivery system for TGF-β1 and BMP-2. Gelatin microparticles capable of relatively rapid release of TGF-β1 and mineral-coated hydroxyapatite microparticles permitting more sustained release of BMP-2 were then incorporated within hMSC aggregates and cultured for 5 weeks following the predetermined time course for sequential presentation of bioactive signals. Compared with cell-only aggregates treated with exogenous growth factors, aggregates with incorporated TGF-β1- and BMP-2-loaded microparticles exhibited enhanced chondrogenesis and alkaline phosphatase activity at week 2 and a greater degree of mineralization by week 5. Staining for types I and II collagen, osteopontin, and osteocalcin revealed the presence of cartilage and bone. This microparticle-incorporated system has potential as a readily implantable therapy for healing bone defects without the need for long-term in vitro chondrogenic priming. Significance: This study demonstrates the regulation of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis with regard to endochondral bone formation in high-density stem cell systems through the controlled presentation of inductive factors from incorporated microparticles. This work lays the foundation for a rapidly implantable tissue engineering system that promotes bone repair via endochondral ossification, a pathway that can delay the need for a functional vascular network and has an intrinsic ability to promote angiogenesis. The modular nature of this system lends well to using different cell types and/or growth factors to induce endochondral bone formation, as well as the production of other tissue types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phuong N Dang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Neha Dwivedi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Lauren M Phillips
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaohua Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Samuel Herberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Caitlin Bowerman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Loran D Solorio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - William L Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Eben Alsberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Abstract
Bone is one of the few tissues to display a true potential for regeneration. Fracture healing is an obvious example where regeneration occurs through tightly regulated sequences of molecular and cellular events which recapitulate tissue formation seen during embryogenesis. Still in some instances, bone regeneration does not occur properly (i.e. critical size lesions) and an appropriate therapeutic intervention is necessary. Successful replacement of bone by tissue engineering will likely depend on the recapitulation of this flow of events. In fact, bone regeneration requires cross-talk between microenvironmental factors and cells; for example, resident mesenchymal progenitors are recruited and properly guided by soluble and insoluble signaling molecules. Tissue engineering attempts to reproduce and to mimic this natural milieu by delivering cells capable of differentiating into osteoblasts, inducing growth factors and biomaterials to support cellular attachment, proliferation, migration, and matrix deposition. In the last two decades, a significant effort has been made by the scientific community in the development of methods and protocols to repair and regenerate tissues such as bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. In this same period, great advancements have been achieved in the biology of stem cells and on the mechanisms governing "stemness". Unfortunately, after two decades, effective clinical translation does not exist, besides a few limited examples. Many years have passed since cell-based regenerative therapies were first described as "promising approaches", but this definition still engulfs the present literature. Failure to envisage translational cell therapy applications in routine medical practice evidences the existence of unresolved scientific and technical struggles, some of which still puzzle researchers in the field and are presented in this chapter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Quarto
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, c/o Advanced Biotechnology Center, L.go R. Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Paolo Giannoni
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, c/o Advanced Biotechnology Center, L.go R. Benzi, 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Ji J, Tong X, Huang X, Zhang J, Qin H, Hu Q. Patient-Derived Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells From Gingival Fibroblasts Composited With Defined Nanohydroxyapatite/Chitosan/Gelatin Porous Scaffolds as Potential Bone Graft Substitutes. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:95-105. [PMID: 26586776 PMCID: PMC4704877 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Human embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells have always been the cell source for bone tissue engineering. However, their limitations are obvious, including ethical concerns and/or a short lifespan. The use of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) could avoid these problems. Nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) is an important component of natural bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds. However, its regulation on osteogenic differentiation with hiPSCs from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from patient-derived hGFs regulated by nHA/chitosan/gelatin (HCG) scaffolds with different nHA ratios, such as HCG-111 (1 wt/vol% nHA) and HCG-311 (3 wt/vol% nHA). First, hGFs were reprogrammed into hiPSCs, which have enhanced osteogenic differentiation capability. Second, HCG-111 and HCG-311 scaffolds were successfully synthesized. Finally, hiPSC/HCG complexes were cultured in vitro or subcutaneously transplanted into immunocompromised mice in vivo. The osteogenic differentiation effects of two types of HCG scaffolds on hiPSCs were assessed for up to 12 weeks. The results showed that HCG-311 increased osteogenic-related gene expression of hiPSCs in vitro proved by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and hiPSC/HCG-311 complexes formed much bone-like tissue in vivo, indicated by cone-beam computed tomography imaging, H&E staining, Masson staining, and RUNX-2, OCN immunohistochemistry staining. In conclusion, our study has shown that osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs was improved by HCG-311. The mechanism might be that the nHA addition stimulates osteogenic marker expression of hiPSCs from hGFs. Our work has provided an innovative autologous cell-based bone tissue engineering approach with soft tissues such as clinically abundant gingiva. SIGNIFICANCE The present study focused on patient-personalized bone tissue engineering. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) were established from clinically easily derived human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) and defined nanohydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin (HCG) scaffolds. hiPSCs derived from hGFs had better osteogenesis capability than that of hGFs. More interestingly, osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs was elevated significantly when composited with HCG-311 scaffolds in vitro and in vivo. The present study has uncovered the important role of different nHA ratios in HCG scaffolds in osteogenesis induction of hiPSCs derived from hGFs. This technique could serve as a potential innovative approach for bone tissue engineering, especially large bone regeneration clinically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ji
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China Nanjing Key Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Tong
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Qin
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China Nanjing Key Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingang Hu
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Osborne H, Anderson L, Burt P, Young M, Gerrard D. Australasian College of Sports Physicians—position statement: the place of mesenchymal stem/stromal cell therapies in sport and exercise medicine. Br J Sports Med 2015; 50:1237-1244. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-095711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
107
|
Snyder J, Rin Son A, Hamid Q, Wang C, Lui Y, Sun W. Mesenchymal stem cell printing and process regulated cell properties. Biofabrication 2015; 7:044106. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/7/4/044106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
108
|
Dang PN, Dwivedi N, Yu X, Phillips L, Bowerman C, Murphy WL, Alsberg E. Guiding Chondrogenesis and Osteogenesis with Mineral-Coated Hydroxyapatite and BMP-2 Incorporated within High-Density hMSC Aggregates for Bone Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2015; 2:30-42. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Phuong N. Dang
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Wickenden
218, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Neha Dwivedi
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Wickenden
218, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Xiaohua Yu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin, Room 5405, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Lauren Phillips
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Wickenden
218, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Caitlin Bowerman
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Wickenden
218, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - William L. Murphy
- Departments
of Biomedical Engineering and Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Wisconsin
Institute for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin, Room 5405, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Eben Alsberg
- Departments
of Biomedical Engineering and Orthopaedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Wu PIK, Meleger A, Witkower A, Mondale T, Borg-Stein J. Nonpharmacologic Options for Treating Acute and Chronic Pain. PM R 2015; 7:S278-S294. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
110
|
Lepage SI, Nagy K, Sung HK, Kandel RA, Nagy A, Koch TG. Generation, Characterization, and Multilineage Potency of Mesenchymal-Like Progenitors Derived from Equine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 25:80-9. [PMID: 26414480 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are more and more frequently used to treat orthopedic injuries in horses. However, these cells are limited in their expandability and differentiation capacity. Recently, the first equine-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines were reported by us [ 1 ]. In vitro differentiation of iPSCs into MSC-like cells is an attractive alternative to using MSCs derived from other sources, as a much larger quantity of patient-specific cells with broad differentiation potential could be generated. However, the differentiation capacity of iPSCs to MSCs and the potential for use in tissue engineering have yet to be explored. In this study, equine iPSCs were induced to differentiate into an MSC-like population. Upon induction, the iPSCs changed morphology toward spindle-shaped cells similar to MSCs. The ensuing iPSC-MSCs exhibited downregulation of pluripotency-associated genes and an upregulation of MSC-associated genes. In addition, the cells expressed the same surface markers as MSCs derived from equine umbilical cord blood. We then assessed the multilineage differentiation potential of iPSC-MSCs. Although chondrogenesis was not achieved after induction with transforming growth factor-beta 3 (TGFβ3) and/or bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP-4) in 3D pellet culture, mineralization characteristic of osteogenesis and lipid droplet accumulation characteristic of adipogenesis were observed after chemical induction. We demonstrate a protocol for the derivation of MSC-like progenitor populations from equine iPS cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah I Lepage
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristina Nagy
- 2 Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hoon-Ki Sung
- 2 Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rita A Kandel
- 3 Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,4 Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andras Nagy
- 2 Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,5 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas G Koch
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Ontario, Canada .,6 Department of Clinical Studies, Orthopedic Research Lab, Aarhus University , Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells on tendon healing in aging and estrogen deficiency: an in vitro co-culture model. Cytotherapy 2015; 17:1536-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
112
|
Le Blanc S, Simann M, Jakob F, Schütze N, Schilling T. Fibroblast growth factors 1 and 2 inhibit adipogenesis of human bone marrow stromal cells in 3D collagen gels. Exp Cell Res 2015; 338:136-48. [PMID: 26384550 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Multipotent human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) are the common progenitors of osteoblasts and adipocytes. A shift in hBMSC differentiation in favor of adipogenesis may contribute to the bone loss and marrow fat accumulation observed in aging and osteoporosis. Hence, the identification of factors modulating marrow adipogenesis is of great therapeutic interest. Fibroblast growth factors 1 (FGF1) and 2 (FGF2) play important roles in several cellular processes including differentiation. Their role in adipogenesis is, however, still unclear given the contradictory reports found in the literature. In this work, we investigated the effect of FGF signaling on hBMSC adipogenesis in a 3D collagen gel system to mimic the natural microenvironment. We successfully established adipogenic differentiation of hBMSC embedded in type I collagen gels. We found that exogenous FGF1 and FGF2 exerted an inhibitory effect on lipid droplet accumulation and gene expression of adipogenic markers, which was abolished by pharmacological blocking of FGF receptor (FGFR) signaling. FGF treatment also affected the expression of the matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) and the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP1), altering the MMP/TIMP balance, which modulates collagen processing and turnover. FGF1- and FGF2-mediated inhibition of differentiation was, however, not restricted to adipogenesis since FGF1 and FGF2 treatment also resulted in the inhibition of the osteogenic differentiation in collagen gels. We conclude that FGFR signaling inhibits the in vitro adipogenic commitment of hBMSCs, downregulating core differentiation markers and altering ECM composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Solange Le Blanc
- Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Orthopedic Department, University of Wuerzburg, Brettreichstr. 11, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Meike Simann
- Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Orthopedic Department, University of Wuerzburg, Brettreichstr. 11, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Franz Jakob
- Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Orthopedic Department, University of Wuerzburg, Brettreichstr. 11, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Norbert Schütze
- Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Orthopedic Department, University of Wuerzburg, Brettreichstr. 11, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Tatjana Schilling
- Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Orthopedic Department, University of Wuerzburg, Brettreichstr. 11, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Herberg S, Aguilar-Perez A, Howie RN, Kondrikova G, Periyasamy-Thandavan S, Elsalanty ME, Shi X, Hill WD, Cray JJ. Mesenchymal stem cell expression of SDF-1β synergizes with BMP-2 to augment cell-mediated healing of critical-sized mouse calvarial defects. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 11:1806-1819. [PMID: 26227988 DOI: 10.1002/term.2078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone has the potential for spontaneous healing. This process, however, often fails in patients with comorbidities. Tissue engineering combining functional cells, biomaterials and osteoinductive cues may provide alternative treatment strategies. We have recently demonstrated that stromal cell-derived factor-1β (SDF-1β) works in concert with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) to potentiate osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSCs). Here, we test the hypothesis that SDF-1β overexpressed in Tet-Off-SDF-1β BMSCs, delivered on acellular dermal matrix (ADM), synergistically augments BMP-2-induced healing of critical-sized mouse calvarial defects. BMSC therapies alone showed limited bone healing, which was increased with co-delivery of BMP-2. This was further enhanced in Tet-Off-SDF-1β BMSCs + BMP-2. Only limited BMSC retention on ADM constructs was observed after 4 weeks in vivo, which was increased with BMP-2 co-delivery. In vitro cell proliferation studies showed that supplementing BMP-2 to Tet-Off BMSCs significantly increased the cell number during the first 24 h. Consequently, the increased cell numbers decreased the detectable BMP-2 levels in the medium, but increased cell-associated BMP-2. The data suggest that SDF-1β provides synergistic effects supporting BMP-2-induced, BMSC-mediated bone formation and appears suitable for optimization of bone augmentation in combination therapy protocols. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Herberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Alexandra Aguilar-Perez
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - R Nicole Howie
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Galina Kondrikova
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | - Mohammed E Elsalanty
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Xingming Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - William D Hill
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Centre, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - James J Cray
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Li J, He F, Pei M. Chondrogenic priming of human fetal synovium-derived stem cells in an adult stem cell matrix microenvironment. Genes Dis 2015; 2:337-346. [PMID: 30258873 PMCID: PMC6147170 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage defects are a challenge to treat clinically due to the avascular nature of cartilage. Low immunogenicity and extensive proliferation and multidifferentiation potential make fetal stem cells a promising source for regenerative medicine. In this study, we aimed to determine whether fetal synovium-derived stem cells (FSDSCs) exhibited replicative senescence and whether expansion on decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) deposited by adult SDSCs (AECM) promoted FSDSCs' chondrogenic potential. FSDSCs from passage 2 and 9 were compared for chondrogenic potential, using Alcian blue staining for sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), biochemical analysis for DNA and GAG amounts, and real-time PCR for chondrogenic genes including ACAN and COL2A1. Passage 3 FSDSCs were expanded for one passage on plastic flasks (PL), AECM, or dECM deposited by fetal SDSCs (FECM). During expansion, cell proliferation was evaluated using flow cytometry for proliferation index, stem cell surface markers, and resistance to hydrogen peroxide. During chondrogenic induction, expanded FSDSCs were evaluated for tri-lineage differentiation capacity. We found that cell expansion enhanced FSDSCs' chondrogenic potential at least up to passage 9. Expansion on dECMs promoted FSDSCs' proliferative and survival capacity and adipogenic differentiation but not osteogenic capacity. AECM-primed FSDSCs exhibited an enhanced chondrogenic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingting Li
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.,Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Fan He
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.,Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.,Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Ming Pei
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.,Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Li A, Hokugo A, Segovia LA, Yalom A, Rezzadeh K, Zhou S, Zhang Z, Parhami F, Stappenbeck F, Jarrahy R. Oxy133, a novel osteogenic agent, promotes bone regeneration in an intramembranous bone-healing model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 11:1490-1499. [PMID: 26073881 DOI: 10.1002/term.2047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Current reconstructive techniques for complex craniofacial osseous defects are challenging and are associated with significant morbidity. Oxysterols are naturally occurring cholesterol oxidation products with osteogenic potential. In this study, we investigated the effects of a novel semi-synthetic oxysterol, Oxy133, on in vitro osteogenesis and an in vivo intramembranous bone-healing model. Rabbit bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were treated with either Oxy133 or BMP-2. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, expression of osteogenic gene markers and in vitro mineralization were all examined. Next, collagen sponges carrying either Oxy133 or BMP-2 were used to reconstruct critical-sized cranial defects in mature rabbits and bone regeneration was assessed. To determine the mechanism of action of Oxy133 both in vitro and in vivo, rabbit BMSCs cultures and collagen sponge/Oxy133 implants were treated with the Hedgehog signalling pathway inhibitor, cyclopamine, and similar outcomes were measured. ALP activity in rabbit BMSCs treated with 1 μm Oxy133 was induced and was significantly higher than in control cells. These results were mitigated in cultures treated with cyclopamine. Expression of osteogenic gene markers and mineralization in BMSCs treated with 1 μm Oxy133 was significantly higher than in control groups. Complete bone regeneration was noted in vivo when cranial defects were treated with Oxy133; healing was incomplete, however, when cyclopamine was added. Collectively, these results demonstrate that Oxy133 has the ability to induce osteogenic differentiation in vitro in rabbit BMSCs and to promote robust bone regeneration in vivo in an animal model of intramembranous bone healing. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Li
- Regenerative Bioengineering and Repair Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Akishige Hokugo
- Regenerative Bioengineering and Repair Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Luis Andres Segovia
- Regenerative Bioengineering and Repair Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anisa Yalom
- Regenerative Bioengineering and Repair Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kameron Rezzadeh
- Regenerative Bioengineering and Repair Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Situo Zhou
- Regenerative Bioengineering and Repair Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zheyu Zhang
- Regenerative Bioengineering and Repair Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Farhad Parhami
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Reza Jarrahy
- Regenerative Bioengineering and Repair Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Grässel S, Lorenz J. Tissue-engineering strategies to repair chondral and osteochondral tissue in osteoarthritis: use of mesenchymal stem cells. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2015; 16:452. [PMID: 25182680 PMCID: PMC4182613 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-014-0452-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Focal chondral or osteochondral lesions can be painful and disabling because they have insufficient intrinsic repair potential, and constitute one of the major extrinsic risk factors for osteoarthritis (OA). Attention has, therefore, been paid to regenerative therapeutic procedures for the early treatment of cartilaginous defects. Current treatments for OA are not regenerative and have little effect on the progressive degeneration of joint tissue. One major reason for this underrepresentation of regenerative therapy is that approaches to treating OA with cell-based strategies have to take into consideration the larger sizes of the defects, as compared with isolated focal articular-cartilage defects, and the underlying disease process. Here, we review current treatment strategies using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for chondral and osteochondral tissue repair in trauma and OA-affected joints. We discuss tissue-engineering approaches, in preclinical large-animal models and clinical studies in humans, which use crude bone-marrow aspirates and MSCs from different tissue sources in combination with bioactive agents and materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Grässel
- Experimental Orthopedics, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, BioPark 1, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany,
| | | |
Collapse
|
117
|
Ross D, Maerz T, Kurdziel M, Hein J, Doshi S, Bedi A, Anderson K, Baker K. The effect of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor on rotator cuff healing after injury and repair. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2015; 473:1655-64. [PMID: 25733010 PMCID: PMC4385377 DOI: 10.1007/s11999-015-4218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The failure rate of tendon-bone healing after repair of rotator cuff tears remains high. A variety of biologic- and cell-based therapies aimed at improving rotator cuff healing have been investigated, and stem cell-based techniques have become increasingly more common. However, most studies have focused on the implantation of exogenous cells, which introduces higher risk and cost. We aimed to improve rotator cuff healing by inducing endogenous stem cell mobilization with systemic administration of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). QUESTIONS/PURPOSES We asked: (1) Does G-CSF administration increase local cellularity after acute rotator cuff repair? (2) Is there histologic evidence that G-CSF improved organization at the healing enthesis? (3) Does G-CSF administration improve biomechanical properties of the healing supraspinatus tendon-bone complex? (4) Are there micro-MRI-based observations indicating G-CSF-augmented tendon-bone healing? METHODS After creation of full-thickness supraspinatus tendon defects with immediate repair, 52 rats were randomized to control or G-CSF-treated groups. G-CSF was administered for 5 days after repair and rats were euthanized at 12 or 19 postoperative days. Shoulders were subjected to micro-MR imaging, stress relaxation, and load-to-failure as well as blinded histologic and histomorphometric analyses. RESULTS G-CSF-treated animals had significantly higher cellularity composite scores at 12 and 19 days compared with both control (12 days: 7.40 ± 1.14 [confidence interval {CI}, 5.98-8.81] versus 4.50 ± 0.57 [CI, 3.58-5.41], p = 0.038; 19 days: 8.00 ± 1.00 [CI, 6.75-9.24] versus 5.40 ± 0.89 [CI, 4.28-6.51], p = 0.023) and normal animals (12 days: p = 0.029; 19 days: p = 0.019). There was no significant difference between G-CSF-treated animals or control animals in ultimate stress (MPa) and strain, modulus (MPa), or yield stress (MPa) and strain at either 12 days (p = 1.000, p = 0.104, p = 1.000, p = 0.909, and p = 0.483, respectively) or 19 days (p = 0.999, p = 0.964, p = 1.000, p = 0.988, and p = 0.904, respectively). There was no difference in MRI score between G-CSF and control animals at either 12 days (2.7 ± 1.8 [CI, 1.08-4.24] versus 2.3 ± 1.8 [CI, 0.49-4.17], p = 0.623) or 19 days (2.5 ± 1.4 [CI, 1.05-3.94] versus 2.3 ± 1.5 [CI, 0.75-3.91], p = 0.737). G-CSF-treated animals exhibited significantly lower relative bone volume compared with normal animals in the entire humeral head (24.89 ± 3.80 [CI, 20.17-29.60) versus 32.50 ± 2.38 [CI, 29.99-35.01], p = 0.009) and at the supraspinatus insertion (25.67 ± 5.33 [CI, 19.04-32.29] versus 33.36 ± 1.69 [CI, 31.58-35.14], p = 0.027) at 12 days. Further analysis did not reveal any additional significant relationships with respect to regional bone volume or trabecular thickness between groups and time points (p > 0.05). CLINICAL RELEVANCE Postoperative stem cell mobilization agents may be an effective way to enhance rotator cuff repair. Future studies regarding the kinetics of mobilization, the homing capacity of mobilized cells to injured tissues, and the ability of homing cells to participate in regenerative pathways are necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Ross
- />Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beaumont Health System, Royal Oak, MI USA
| | - Tristan Maerz
- />Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Beaumont Health System, 3811 W 13 Mile Road, Royal Oak, MI 48073 USA
| | - Michael Kurdziel
- />Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Beaumont Health System, 3811 W 13 Mile Road, Royal Oak, MI 48073 USA
| | - Joel Hein
- />Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beaumont Health System, Royal Oak, MI USA
| | - Shashin Doshi
- />Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Beaumont Health System, Royal Oak, MI USA
| | - Asheesh Bedi
- />Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Kyle Anderson
- />Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beaumont Health System, Royal Oak, MI USA
| | - Kevin Baker
- />Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Beaumont Health System, 3811 W 13 Mile Road, Royal Oak, MI 48073 USA
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Kircher J, Patzer T, Ziskoven C, Bittersohl B, Hedtmann A, Krauspe R. Arthroscopically assisted retrograde drilling of the humeral head with a guiding device. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2015; 23:1442-1446. [PMID: 24296988 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-013-2783-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript describes the successful treatment of a steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the humeral head using arthroscopically assisted retrograde drilling of a stage II lesion using a guiding device. At the final follow-up 19 month post-operatively, the patient presented pain-free without functional limitations although the osteonecrosis had not been fully healed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jörn Kircher
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40255, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Department of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Klinik Fleetinsel Hamburg, Admiralitästrasse 2-4, 20459, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Thilo Patzer
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40255, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Ziskoven
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40255, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bernd Bittersohl
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40255, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Achim Hedtmann
- Department of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Klinik Fleetinsel Hamburg, Admiralitästrasse 2-4, 20459, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Krauspe
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40255, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Moran CJ, Busilacchi A, Lee CA, Athanasiou KA, Verdonk PC. Biological augmentation and tissue engineering approaches in meniscus surgery. Arthroscopy 2015; 31:944-55. [PMID: 25687715 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2014.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this review was to evaluate the role of biological augmentation and tissue engineering strategies in meniscus surgery. Although clinical (human), preclinical (animal), and in vitro tissue engineering studies are included here, we have placed additional focus on addressing preclinical and clinical studies reported during the 5-year period used in this review in a systematic fashion while also providing a summary review of some important in vitro tissue engineering findings in the field over the past decade. METHODS A search was performed on PubMed for original works published from 2009 to March 31, 2014 using the term "meniscus" with all the following terms: "scaffolds," "constructs," "cells," "growth factors," "implant," "tissue engineering," and "regenerative medicine." Inclusion criteria were the following: English-language articles and original clinical, preclinical (in vivo), and in vitro studies of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine application in knee meniscus lesions published from 2009 to March 31, 2014. RESULTS Three clinical studies and 18 preclinical studies were identified along with 68 tissue engineering in vitro studies. These reports show the increasing promise of biological augmentation and tissue engineering strategies in meniscus surgery. The role of stem cell and growth factor therapy appears to be particularly useful. A review of in vitro tissue engineering studies found a large number of scaffold types to be of promise for meniscus replacement. Limitations include a relatively low number of clinical or preclinical in vivo studies, in addition to the fact there is as yet no report in the literature of a tissue-engineered meniscus construct used clinically. Neither does the literature provide clarity on the optimal meniscus scaffold type or biological augmentation with which meniscus repair or replacement would be best addressed in the future. There is increasing focus on the role of mechanobiology and biomechanical and biochemical cues in this process, however, and it is hoped that this may lead to improvements in this strategy. CONCLUSIONS There appears to be significant potential for biological augmentation and tissue engineering strategies in meniscus surgery to enhance options for repair and replacement. However, there are still relatively few clinical studies being reported in this regard. There is a strong need for improved translational activities and infrastructure to link the large amounts of in vitro and preclinical biological and tissue engineering data to clinical application. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV, systematic review of Level I-IV studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cathal J Moran
- Sports Surgery Clinic and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Alberto Busilacchi
- Clinical Orthopaedics, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Cassandra A Lee
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery & Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, U.S.A
| | - Kyriacos A Athanasiou
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery & Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, U.S.A
| | | |
Collapse
|
120
|
Wang P, Liu X, Zhao L, Weir MD, Sun J, Chen W, Man Y, Xu HHK. Bone tissue engineering via human induced pluripotent, umbilical cord and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rat cranium. Acta Biomater 2015; 18:236-48. [PMID: 25712391 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are an exciting cell source with great potential for tissue engineering. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) have been used in clinics but are limited by several disadvantages, hence alternative sources of MSCs such as umbilical cord MSCs (hUCMSCs) are being investigated. However, there has been no report comparing hiPSCs, hUCMSCs and hBMSCs for bone regeneration. The objectives of this pilot study were to investigate hiPSCs, hUCMSCs and hBMSCs for bone tissue engineering, and compare their bone regeneration via seeding on biofunctionalized macroporous calcium phosphate cement (CPC) in rat cranial defects. For all three types of cells, approximately 90% of the cells remained alive on CPC scaffolds. Osteogenic genes were up-regulated, and mineral synthesis by cells increased with time in vitro for all three types of cells. The new bone area fractions at 12weeks (mean±sd; n=6) were (30.4±5.8)%, (27.4±9.7)% and (22.6±4.7)% in hiPSC-MSC-CPC, hUCMSC-CPC and hBMSC-CPC respectively, compared to (11.0±6.3)% for control (p<0.05). No significant differences were detected among the three types of stem cells (p>0.1). New blood vessel density was higher in cell-seeded groups than control (p<0.05). De novo bone formation and participation by implanted cells was confirmed via immunohistochemical staining. In conclusion, (1) hiPSCs, hUCMSCs and hBMSCs greatly enhanced bone regeneration, more than doubling the new bone amount of cell-free CPC control; (2) hiPSC-MSCs and hUCMSCs represented viable alternatives to hBMSCs; (3) biofunctionalized macroporous CPC-stem cell constructs had a robust capacity for bone regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xian Liu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
| | - Michael D Weir
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jirun Sun
- Dr. Anthony Volpe Research Center, American Dental Association Foundation, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Wenchuan Chen
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yi Man
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Sampson S, Botto-van Bemden A, Aufiero D. Stem Cell Therapies for Treatment of Cartilage and Bone Disorders: Osteoarthritis, Avascular Necrosis, and Non-union Fractures. PM R 2015; 7:S26-S32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
122
|
In vitro mutual interaction between tenocytes and adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Cytotherapy 2015; 17:215-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
123
|
Herberg S, Kondrikova G, Hussein KA, Johnson MH, Elsalanty ME, Shi X, Hamrick MW, Isales CM, Hill WD. Mesenchymal stem cell expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1β augments bone formation in a model of local regenerative therapy. J Orthop Res 2015; 33:174-84. [PMID: 25351363 PMCID: PMC4706461 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Bone has the potential for spontaneous healing. However, this process often fails in patients with co-morbidities requiring clinical intervention. Numerous studies have revealed that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSCs) hold great potential for regenerative therapies. Common problems include poor cell engraftment, which can be addressed by irradiation prior to transplantation. Increasing evidence suggests that stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is involved in bone formation. However, osteogenic contributions of the beta splice variant of SDF-1 (SDF-1β), which is highly expressed in bone, remain unclear. Using the tetracycline (Tet)-regulatory system we have shown that SDF-1β enhances BMSC osteogenic differentiation in vitro. Here we test the hypothesis that SDF-1β augments bone formation in vivo in a model of local BMSC transplantation following irradiation. We found that SDF-1β, expressed at high levels in Tet-Off-SDF-1β BMSCs, augments the cell-mediated therapeutic effects resulting in enhanced bone formation, as evidenced by ex vivo μCT and bone histomorphometry. The data demonstrate the specific contribution of SDF-1β to BMSC-mediated bone formation, and validate the feasibility of the Tet-Off technology to regulate SDF-1β expression in vivo. In conclusion, SDF-1β provides potent synergistic effects supporting BMSC-mediated bone formation and appears a suitable candidate for optimization of bone augmentation in translational protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Herberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Galina Kondrikova
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd., CB-1119, Augusta, Georgia 30912,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Khaled A. Hussein
- Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Maribeth H. Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia,Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Mohammed E. Elsalanty
- Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia,Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Xingming Shi
- Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Mark W. Hamrick
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd., CB-1119, Augusta, Georgia 30912,Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Carlos M. Isales
- Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - William D. Hill
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd., CB-1119, Augusta, Georgia 30912,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia,Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Muhonen V, Narcisi R, Nystedt J, Korhonen M, van Osch GJVM, Kiviranta I. Recombinant human type II collagen hydrogel provides a xeno-free 3D micro-environment for chondrogenesis of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 11:843-854. [PMID: 25643647 DOI: 10.1002/term.1983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant human type II collagen (rhCII) hydrogel was tested as a xeno-free micro-environment for the chondrogenesis of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs). The rhCII hydrogels were seeded with BM-MSCs and cultured in a xeno-free chondro-inductive medium for 14, 28 and 84 days. High-density pellet cultures served as controls. The samples were subjected to biochemical, histological and gene expression analyses. Although the cells deposited glycosaminoglycans into the extracellular space significantly more slowly in the rhCII hydrogels compared to the high-density pellets, a similar potential of matrix deposition was reached by the end of the 84-day culture. At day 28 of culture, the gene expression level for cartilage marker genes (i.e. genes encoding for Sox9 transcription factor, Collagen type II and Aggrecan) were considerably lower in the rhCII hydrogels than in the high-density pellets, but at the end of the 84-day culture period, all the cartilage marker genes analysed were expressed at a similar level. Interestingly, the expression of the matrix metallopeptidases (MMP)-13, MMP-14 and MMP-8, i.e. extracellular collagen network-degrading enzymes, were transiently upregulated in the rhCII hydrogel, indicating active matrix reorganization. This study demonstrated that the rhCII hydrogel functions as a xeno-free platform for BM-MSC chondrogenesis, although the process is delayed. The reversible catabolic reaction evoked by the rhCII hydrogel might be beneficial in graft integration in vivo and pinpoints the need to further explore the use of hydrogels containing recombinant extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins to induce the chondrogenesis of MSCs. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virpi Muhonen
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Roberto Narcisi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna Nystedt
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Research and Cell Therapy Services, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Korhonen
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Research and Cell Therapy Services, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gerjo J V M van Osch
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ilkka Kiviranta
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Seo JH, Kakinoki S, Yamaoka T, Yui N. Directing stem cell differentiation by changing the molecular mobility of supramolecular surfaces. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:215-22. [PMID: 25044544 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Polymer surfaces with a wide range of hydrated surface mobility are developed by a simple deposition method with supramolecular block copolymers. The morphologies of adhering stem cells are greatly dependent on the surface mobility of polymers, and this induces significant changes in the cytoskeletal signaling pathway to direct the downstream stem cell differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hun Seo
- JST-CREST; Tokyo 102-0076 Japan
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai Chiyoda Tokyo 101-0062 Japan
| | - Sachiro Kakinoki
- JST-CREST; Tokyo 102-0076 Japan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute; Suita Osaka 565-8565 Japan
| | - Tetsuji Yamaoka
- JST-CREST; Tokyo 102-0076 Japan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute; Suita Osaka 565-8565 Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Yui
- JST-CREST; Tokyo 102-0076 Japan
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai Chiyoda Tokyo 101-0062 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Wei CC, Lin AB, Hung SC. Mesenchymal stem cells in regenerative medicine for musculoskeletal diseases: bench, bedside, and industry. Cell Transplant 2015; 23:505-12. [PMID: 24816447 DOI: 10.3727/096368914x678328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can self-renew and differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. MSCs have effectively emerged as a promising tool for clinical applications, specifically in musculoskeletal diseases. This article reviews the status of preclinical animal studies, clinical trials, and the efforts of the industry in using MSCs to treat musculoskeletal diseases such as bone fractures, bone defects, focal chondral lesions, osteoarthritis, spinal diseases, and tendon injuries. We also discuss the current problems encountered and potential of using MSCs in future clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chang Wei
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
127
|
WONG HINGLOK, SIU WINGSUM, FUNG CHAKHEI, ZHANG CHENG, SHUM WAITING, ZHOU XUELIN, LAU CLARABIKSAN, ZHANG JINGFANG, LEUNG PINGCHUNG, FU WEIMING, KO CHUNHAY. Characteristics of stem cells derived from rat fascia: In vitro proliferative and multilineage potential assessment. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:1982-90. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
128
|
Carlier A, van Gastel N, Geris L, Carmeliet G, Van Oosterwyck H. Size does matter: an integrative in vivo-in silico approach for the treatment of critical size bone defects. PLoS Comput Biol 2014; 10:e1003888. [PMID: 25375821 PMCID: PMC4222588 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although bone has a unique restorative capacity, i.e., it has the potential to heal scarlessly, the conditions for spontaneous bone healing are not always present, leading to a delayed union or a non-union. In this work, we use an integrative in vivo - in silico approach to investigate the occurrence of non-unions, as well as to design possible treatment strategies thereof. The gap size of the domain geometry of a previously published mathematical model was enlarged in order to study the complex interplay of blood vessel formation, oxygen supply, growth factors and cell proliferation on the final healing outcome in large bone defects. The multiscale oxygen model was not only able to capture the essential aspects of in vivo non-unions, it also assisted in understanding the underlying mechanisms of action, i.e., the delayed vascularization of the central callus region resulted in harsh hypoxic conditions, cell death and finally disrupted bone healing. Inspired by the importance of a timely vascularization, as well as by the limited biological potential of the fracture hematoma, the influence of the host environment on the bone healing process in critical size defects was explored further. Moreover, dependent on the host environment, several treatment strategies were designed and tested for effectiveness. A qualitative correspondence between the predicted outcomes of certain treatment strategies and experimental observations was obtained, clearly illustrating the model's potential. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate that due to the complex non-linear dynamics of blood vessel formation, oxygen supply, growth factor production and cell proliferation and the interactions thereof with the host environment, an integrative in silico-in vivo approach is a crucial tool to further unravel the occurrence and treatments of challenging critical sized bone defects. In 5–10% of fracture patients, the bone fractures do not heal in the normal healing period (delayed healing) or do not heal at all (non-union). In order to investigate the causes of impaired healing and design potential treatment strategies, we have used a combined experimental and computational approach. More specifically, large bone defects were analyzed in mouse models and simulated by a previously published computational model. After showing that the predictions of the computational model match the observations of the experimental model, we have used the computational model to investigate the underlying mechanisms of action. In particular, the results indicated that the new blood vessels do not reach the central fracture zone in time due to the large defect size, which leads to insufficient oxygen delivery, increased cell death and disrupted bone healing. The healing, however, could be rescued by adequate blood vessel ingrowth from the overlying soft tissues. Moreover, potential treatment strategies were designed based on the influence of these soft tissues. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential of a combined experimental and computational approach to contribute to the understanding of pathological processes like the impaired bone regeneration in large bone defects and design future treatments thereof.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Carlier
- Biomechanics Section, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Biomechanics Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Nick van Gastel
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Geris
- Biomechanics Section, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Biomechanics Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Geert Carmeliet
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Van Oosterwyck
- Biomechanics Section, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Rajan A, Eubanks E, Edwards S, Aronovich S, Travan S, Rudek I, Wang F, Lanis A, Kaigler D. Optimized cell survival and seeding efficiency for craniofacial tissue engineering using clinical stem cell therapy. Stem Cells Transl Med 2014; 3:1495-503. [PMID: 25378653 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic injuries involving the face are very common, yet the clinical management of the resulting craniofacial deficiencies is challenging. These injuries are commonly associated with missing teeth, for which replacement is compromised due to inadequate jawbone support. Using cell therapy, we report the upper jaw reconstruction of a patient who lost teeth and 75% of the supporting jawbone following injury. A mixed population of bone marrow-derived autologous stem and progenitor cells was seeded onto β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), which served as a scaffold to deliver cells directly to the defect. Conditions (temperature, incubation time) to achieve the highest cell survival and seeding efficiency were optimized. Four months after cell therapy, cone beam computed tomography and a bone biopsy were performed, and oral implants were placed to support an engineered dental prosthesis. Cell seeding efficiency (>81%) of the β-TCP and survival during the seeding process (94%) were highest when cells were incubated with β-TCP for 30 minutes, regardless of incubation temperature; however, at 1 hour, cell survival was highest when incubated at 4°C. Clinical, radiographic, and histological analyses confirmed that by 4 months, the cell therapy regenerated 80% of the original jawbone deficiency with vascularized, mineralized bone sufficient to stably place oral implants. Functional and aesthetic rehabilitation of the patient was successfully completed with installation of a dental prosthesis 6 months following implant placement. This proof-of-concept clinical report used an evidence-based approach for the cell transplantation protocol used and is the first to describe a cell therapy for craniofacial trauma reconstruction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Archana Rajan
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center for Oral Health Research, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Emily Eubanks
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center for Oral Health Research, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sean Edwards
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center for Oral Health Research, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sharon Aronovich
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center for Oral Health Research, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Suncica Travan
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center for Oral Health Research, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ivan Rudek
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center for Oral Health Research, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center for Oral Health Research, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Alejandro Lanis
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center for Oral Health Research, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Darnell Kaigler
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center for Oral Health Research, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Rehabilitation program after mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation augmented by vascularized bone grafts for idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a preliminary study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2014; 96:532-9. [PMID: 25450129 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2014.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the feasibility and safety of implementing a 12-week rehabilitation program after mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) transplantation augmented by vascularized bone grafting for idiopathic osteonecrosis (ION) of the femoral head. DESIGN A prospective case series. SETTING University clinical research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Participants (N=10) with ION who received MSC transplantation augmented by vascularized bone grafting. INTERVENTION A 12-week exercise program, which included range-of-motion (ROM) exercises, muscle-strengthening exercises, and aerobic training. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Measures of ROM, muscle strength, Timed Up and Go test, and Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) were collected before surgery and again at 6 and 12 months after surgery. RESULTS All participants completed the 12-week program. External rotation ROM as well as extensor and abductor muscle strength significantly improved 6 months after treatment compared with that before treatment (P<.05). Significant improvements were also seen in physical function, role physical, and bodily pain subgroup scores of the SF-36 (P<.05). No serious adverse events occurred. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the feasibility and safety of a multiplex rehabilitation program after MSC transplantation and provides support for further study on the benefits of rehabilitation programs in regenerative medicine.
Collapse
|
131
|
Liu X, Wang P, Chen W, Weir MD, Bao C, Xu HHK. Human embryonic stem cells and macroporous calcium phosphate construct for bone regeneration in cranial defects in rats. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:4484-93. [PMID: 24972090 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are an exciting cell source as they offer an unlimited supply of cells that can differentiate into all cell types for regenerative medicine applications. To date, there has been no report on hESCs with calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffolds for bone regeneration in vivo. The objectives of this study were to: (i) investigate hESCs for bone regeneration in vivo in critical-sized cranial defects in rats; and (ii) determine the effects of cell seeding and platelets in macroporous CPC on new bone and blood vessel formation. hESCs were cultured to yield mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which underwent osteogenic differentiation. Four groups were tested in rats: (i) CPC control without cells; (ii) CPC with hESC-derived MSCs (CPC+hESC-MSC); (iii) CPC with hESC-MSCs and 30% human platelet concentrate (hPC) (CPC+hESC-MSC+30% hPC); and (iv) CPC+hESC-MSC+50% hPC. In vitro, MSCs were derived from embryoid bodies of hESCs. Cells on CPC were differentiated into the osteogenic lineage, with highly elevated alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin expressions, as well as mineralization. At 12weeks in vivo, the groups with hESC-MSCs and hPC had three times as much new bone as, and twice the blood vessel density of, the CPC control. The new bone in the defects contained osteocytes and blood vessels, and the new bone front was lined with osteoblasts. The group with 30% hPC and hESC-MSCs had a blood vessel density that was 49% greater than the hESC-MSC group without hPC, likely due to the various growth factors in the platelets enhancing both new bone and blood vessel formation. In conclusion, hESCs are promising for bone tissue engineering, and hPC can enhance new bone and blood vessel formation. Macroporous CPC with hESC-MSCs and hPC may be useful for bone regeneration in craniofacial and orthopedic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian Liu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wenchuan Chen
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Chongyun Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Bone tissue engineering via nanostructured calcium phosphate biomaterials and stem cells. Bone Res 2014; 2:14017. [PMID: 26273526 PMCID: PMC4472121 DOI: 10.1038/boneres.2014.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is promising to meet the increasing need for bone regeneration. Nanostructured calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials/scaffolds are of special interest as they share chemical/crystallographic similarities to inorganic components of bone. Three applications of nano-CaP are discussed in this review: nanostructured calcium phosphate cement (CPC); nano-CaP composites; and nano-CaP coatings. The interactions between stem cells and nano-CaP are highlighted, including cell attachment, orientation/morphology, differentiation and in vivo bone regeneration. Several trends can be seen: (i) nano-CaP biomaterials support stem cell attachment/proliferation and induce osteogenic differentiation, in some cases even without osteogenic supplements; (ii) the influence of nano-CaP surface patterns on cell alignment is not prominent due to non-uniform distribution of nano-crystals; (iii) nano-CaP can achieve better bone regeneration than conventional CaP biomaterials; (iv) combining stem cells with nano-CaP accelerates bone regeneration, the effect of which can be further enhanced by growth factors; and (v) cell microencapsulation in nano-CaP scaffolds is promising for bone tissue engineering. These understandings would help researchers to further uncover the underlying mechanisms and interactions in nano-CaP stem cell constructs in vitro and in vivo, tailor nano-CaP composite construct design and stem cell type selection to enhance cell function and bone regeneration, and translate laboratory findings to clinical treatments.
Collapse
|
133
|
Krawiec JT, Weinbaum JS, St Croix CM, Phillippi JA, Watkins SC, Rubin JP, Vorp DA. A cautionary tale for autologous vascular tissue engineering: impact of human demographics on the ability of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to recruit and differentiate into smooth muscle cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 21:426-37. [PMID: 25119584 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2014.0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Autologous tissue-engineered blood vessels (TEBVs) generated using adult stem cells have shown promising results, but many preclinical evaluations do not test the efficacy of stem cells from patient populations likely to need therapy (i.e., elderly and diabetic humans). Two critical functions of these cells will be (i) secreting factors that induce the migration of host cells into the graft and (ii) differentiating into functional vascular cells themselves. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) sourced from diabetic and elderly patients have a reduced ability to promote human smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration and differentiation potential toward SMCs, two important processes in stem cell-based tissue engineering of vascular grafts. SMC monolayers were disrupted in vitro by a scratch wound and were induced to close the wound by exposure to media conditioned by AD-MSCs from healthy, elderly, and diabetic patients. Media conditioned by AD-MSCs from healthy patients promoted the migration of SMCs and did so in a dose-dependent manner; heating the media to 56°C eliminated the media's potency. AD-MSCs from diabetic and elderly patients had a decreased ability to differentiate into SMCs under angiotensin II stimulation; however, only AD-MSCs from elderly donors were unable to promote SMC migration. Gender and body-mass index of the patients showed no effect on either critical function of AD-MSCs. In conclusion, AD-MSCs from elderly patients may not be suitable for autologous TEBVs due to inadequate promotion of SMC migration and differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey T Krawiec
- 1 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
134
|
James R, Nagarale RK, Sachan VK, Badalucco C, Bhattacharya PK, Kumbar SG. Synthesis and characterization of electrically conducting polymers for regenerative engineering applications: sulfonated ionic membranes. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roshan James
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering; University of Connecticut Health Center; CT 06030 USA
- The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical; Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences; CT 06030 USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; University of Connecticut Health Center; CT 06030 USA
| | - Rajaram K. Nagarale
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; UP 208016 India
| | - Vinay K. Sachan
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; UP 208016 India
| | - Christopher Badalucco
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering; University of Connecticut Health Center; CT 06030 USA
- The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical; Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences; CT 06030 USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; University of Connecticut Health Center; CT 06030 USA
| | | | - Sangamesh G. Kumbar
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering; University of Connecticut Health Center; CT 06030 USA
- The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical; Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences; CT 06030 USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; University of Connecticut Health Center; CT 06030 USA
- Departments of Materials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Connecticut; CT 06269 USA
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Brindley DA, French A, Suh J, Roberts M, Davies B, Pinedo-Villanueva R, Wartolowska K, Rooke K, Kramm A, Judge A, Morrey M, Chandra A, Hurley H, Grover L, Bingham I, Siegel B, Rattley MS, Buckler RL, McKeon D, Krumholz K, Hook L, May M, Rikabi S, Pigott R, Morys M, Sabokbar A, Titus E, Laabi Y, Lemaitre G, Zahkia R, Sipp D, Horne R, Bravery C, Williams D, Wall I, Snyder EY, Karp JM, Barker RW, Bure K, Carr AJ, Reeve B. The implementation of novel collaborative structures for the identification and resolution of barriers to pluripotent stem cell translation. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 22 Suppl 1:63-72. [PMID: 24304079 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased global connectivity has catalyzed technological development in almost all industries, in part through the facilitation of novel collaborative structures. Notably, open innovation and crowd-sourcing-of expertise and/or funding-has tremendous potential to increase the efficiency with which biomedical ecosystems interact to deliver safe, efficacious and affordable therapies to patients. Consequently, such practices offer tremendous potential in advancing development of cellular therapies. In this vein, the CASMI Translational Stem Cell Consortium (CTSCC) was formed to unite global thought-leaders, producing academically rigorous and commercially practicable solutions to a range of challenges in pluripotent stem cell translation. Critically, the CTSCC research agenda is defined through continuous consultation with its international funding and research partners. Herein, initial findings for all research focus areas are presented to inform global product development strategies, and to stimulate continued industry interaction around biomanufacturing, strategic partnerships, standards, regulation and intellectual property and clinical adoption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Brindley
- 1 Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford , Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
136
|
Madhu V, Li CJ, Dighe AS, Balian G, Cui Q. BMP-non-responsive Sca1+ CD73+ CD44+ mouse bone marrow derived osteoprogenitor cells respond to combination of VEGF and BMP-6 to display enhanced osteoblastic differentiation and ectopic bone formation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103060. [PMID: 25048464 PMCID: PMC4105618 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical trials on fracture repair have challenged the effectiveness of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) but suggest that delivery of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) might be beneficial. It has also been reported that BMPs could not increase mineralization in several MSCs populations, which adds ambiguity to the use of BMPs. However, an exogenous supply of MSCs combined with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and BMPs is reported to synergistically enhance fracture repair in animal models. To elucidate the mechanism of this synergy, we investigated the osteoblastic differentiation of cloned mouse bone marrow derived MSCs (D1 cells) in vitro in response to human recombinant proteins of VEGF, BMPs (-2, -4, -6, -9) and the combination of VEGF with BMP-6 (most potent BMP). We further investigated ectopic bone formation induced by MSCs pre-conditioned with VEGF, BMP-6 or both. No significant increase in mineralization, phosphorylation of Smads 1/5/8 and expression of the ALP, COL1A1 and osterix genes was observed upon addition of VEGF or BMPs alone to the cells in culture. The lack of CD105, Alk1 and Alk6 expression in D1 cells correlated with poor response to BMPs indicating that a greater care in the selection of MSCs is necessary. Interestingly, the combination of VEGF and BMP-6 significantly increased the expression of ALP, COL1A1 and osterix genes and D1 cells pre-conditioned with VEGF and BMP-6 induced greater bone formation in vivo than the non-conditioned control cells or the cells pre-conditioned with either VEGF or BMP-6 alone. This enhanced bone formation by MSCs correlated with higher CADM1 expression and OPG/RANKL ratio in the implants. Thus, combined action of VEGF and BMP on MSCs enhances osteoblastic differentiation of MSCs and increases their bone forming ability, which cannot be achieved through use of BMPs alone. This strategy can be effectively used for bone repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vedavathi Madhu
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Ching-Ju Li
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Abhijit S. Dighe
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Gary Balian
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Quanjun Cui
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Alexander PG, Gottardi R, Lin H, Lozito TP, Tuan RS. Three-dimensional osteogenic and chondrogenic systems to model osteochondral physiology and degenerative joint diseases. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 239:1080-95. [PMID: 24994814 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214539232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineered constructs have the potential to function as in vitro pre-clinical models of normal tissue function and disease pathogenesis for drug screening and toxicity assessment. Effective high throughput assays demand minimal systems with clearly defined performance parameters. These systems must accurately model the structure and function of the human organs and their physiological response to different stimuli. Musculoskeletal tissues present unique challenges in this respect, as they are load-bearing, matrix-rich tissues whose functionality is intimately connected to the extracellular matrix and its organization. Of particular clinical importance is the osteochondral junction, the target tissue affected in degenerative joint diseases, such as osteoarthritis (OA), which consists of hyaline articular cartilage in close interaction with subchondral bone. In this review, we present an overview of currently available in vitro three-dimensional systems for bone and cartilage tissue engineering that mimic native physiology, and the utility and limitations of these systems. Specifically, we address the need to combine bone, cartilage and other tissues to form an interactive microphysiological system (MPS) to fully capture the biological complexity and mechanical functions of the osteochondral junction of the articular joint. The potential applications of three-dimensional MPSs for musculoskeletal biology and medicine are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter G Alexander
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA, 15219 USA
| | - Riccardo Gottardi
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA, 15219 USA Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo, I-90133 Italy
| | - Hang Lin
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA, 15219 USA
| | - Thomas P Lozito
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA, 15219 USA
| | - Rocky S Tuan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA, 15219 USA Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Niemansburg SL, van Delden JJM, Oner FC, Dhert WJA, Bredenoord AL. Ethical implications of regenerative medicine in orthopedics: an empirical study with surgeons and scientists in the field. Spine J 2014; 14:1029-35. [PMID: 24184644 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2013.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Regenerative medicine (RM) interventions, such as (stem) cell transplantation, scaffolds, gene transfer, and tissue engineering, are likely to change the field of orthopedics considerably. These strategies will significantly differ from treatments in current orthopedic practice, as they treat the underlying cause of disease and intervene at a biological level, preferably in an earlier stage. Whereas most of the RM interventions for orthopedics are still in the preclinical phase of research, the number of clinical studies is expected to increase rapidly in the future. The debate about the challenging scientific and ethical issues of translating these innovative interventions into (early) clinical studies is developing. However, no empirical studies that have systematically described the attitudes, opinions, and experiences of experts in the field of orthopedic RM concerning these challenges exist. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to identify ethical issues that experts in the area of RM for musculoskeletal disorders consider to be relevant to address so as to properly translate RM interventions into (early) clinical studies. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with 36 experts in the field, mainly spine surgeons and musculoskeletal scientists from The Netherlands and the United Kingdom. METHODS A topic list of open questions, based on existing literature and pilot interviews, was used to guide the interviews. Data analysis was based on the constant comparative method, which means going back and forth from the data to develop codes, concepts, and themes. RESULTS Four ethical themes emerged from the interview data. First, the risks to study participants. Second, the appropriate selection of study participants. Third, setting relevant goal(s) for measuring outcome, varying from regenerating tissue to improving well-being of patients. Finally, the need for evidence-based medicine and scientific integrity, which is considered challenging in orthopedics. DISCUSSION The overall attitude toward the development of RM was positive, especially because current surgical treatments for spine disorders lack satisfactory effectiveness. However, efforts should be taken to adequately address the ethical and scientific issues in the translation of RM interventions into clinical research. This is required to prevent unnecessary risks to study participants, to prevent exposure of future patients to useless clinical applications, as well as to prevent this young field from developing a negative reputation. Not only will the orthopedic RM field benefit from ethically and scientifically sound clinical studies, but the rise of RM also provides an opportunity to stimulate evidence-based practice in orthopedics and address hype- and profit-driven practices in orthopedics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie L Niemansburg
- Department of Medical Humanities, Julius Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Johannes J M van Delden
- Department of Medical Humanities, Julius Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - F Cumhur Oner
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter J A Dhert
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Annelien L Bredenoord
- Department of Medical Humanities, Julius Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Hong SG, Winkler T, Wu C, Guo V, Pittaluga S, Nicolae A, Donahue RE, Metzger ME, Price SD, Uchida N, Kuznetsov SA, Kilts T, Li L, Robey PG, Dunbar CE. Path to the clinic: assessment of iPSC-based cell therapies in vivo in a nonhuman primate model. Cell Rep 2014; 7:1298-1309. [PMID: 24835994 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based cell therapies have great potential for regenerative medicine but are also potentially associated with tumorigenic risks. Current rodent models are not optimal predictors of efficiency and safety for clinical application. Therefore, we developed a clinically relevant nonhuman primate model to assess the tumorigenic potential and in vivo efficacy of both undifferentiated and differentiated iPSCs in autologous settings without immunosuppression. Undifferentiated autologous iPSCs indeed form mature teratomas in a dose-dependent manner. However, tumor formation is accompanied by an inflammatory reaction. On the other hand, iPSC-derived mesodermal stromal-like cells form new bone in vivo without any evidence of teratoma formation. We therefore show in a large animal model that closely resembles human physiology that undifferentiated autologous iPSCs form teratomas, and that iPSC-derived progenitor cells can give rise to a functional tissue in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So Gun Hong
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Thomas Winkler
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Chuanfeng Wu
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Vicky Guo
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Stefania Pittaluga
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Alina Nicolae
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Robert E Donahue
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Mark E Metzger
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sandra D Price
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Naoya Uchida
- Molecular and Clinical Hematology Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute-National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sergei A Kuznetsov
- Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Tina Kilts
- Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Li Li
- Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Pamela G Robey
- Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Cynthia E Dunbar
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Torres J, Gutierres M, Lopes MA, Santos JD, Cabral AT, Pinto R, van Eck C. Bone marrow stem cells added to a hydroxyapatite scaffold result in better outcomes after surgical treatment of intertrochanteric hip fractures. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:451781. [PMID: 24955356 PMCID: PMC4052697 DOI: 10.1155/2014/451781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intertrochanteric hip fractures occur in the proximal femur. They are very common in the elderly and are responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality. The authors hypothesized that adding an autologous bone marrow stem cells concentrate (ABMC) to a hydroxyapatite scaffold and placing it in the fracture site would improve the outcome after surgical fixation of intertrochanteric hip fractures. MATERIAL AND METHODS 30 patients were randomly selected and divided into 2 groups of 15 patients, to receive either the scaffold enriched with the ABMC (Group A) during the surgical procedure, or fracture fixation alone (Group B). RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference in favor of group A at days 30, 60, and 90 for Harris Hip Scores (HHS), at days 30 and 60 for VAS pain scales, for bedridden period and time taken to start partial and total weight bearing (P < 0.05). DISCUSSION These results show a significant benefit of adding a bone marrow enriched scaffold to surgical fixation in intertrochanteric hip fractures, which can significantly reduce the associated morbidity and mortality rates. CONCLUSION Bone marrow stem cells added to a hydroxyapatite scaffold result in better outcomes after surgical treatment of intertrochanteric hip fractures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joao Torres
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Hospital S. Joao, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Gutierres
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Hospital S. Joao, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - M. Ascenção Lopes
- CEMUC, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Doutor Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - J. Domingos Santos
- CEMUC, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Doutor Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - A. T. Cabral
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Hospital S. Joao, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - R. Pinto
- Hospital S. Joao, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carola van Eck
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 3471 Fifth Avenue, Kaufman building suite 1011, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Jakobsen RB, Østrup E, Zhang X, Mikkelsen TS, Brinchmann JE. Analysis of the effects of five factors relevant to in vitro chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells using factorial design and high throughput mRNA-profiling. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96615. [PMID: 24816923 PMCID: PMC4015996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The in vitro process of chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells for tissue engineering has been shown to require three-dimensional culture along with the addition of differentiation factors to the culture medium. In general, this leads to a phenotype lacking some of the cardinal features of native articular chondrocytes and their extracellular matrix. The factors used vary, but regularly include members of the transforming growth factor β superfamily and dexamethasone, sometimes in conjunction with fibroblast growth factor 2 and insulin-like growth factor 1, however the use of soluble factors to induce chondrogenesis has largely been studied on a single factor basis. In the present study we combined a factorial quality-by-design experiment with high-throughput mRNA profiling of a customized chondrogenesis related gene set as a tool to study in vitro chondrogenesis of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells in alginate. 48 different conditions of transforming growth factor β 1, 2 and 3, bone morphogenetic protein 2, 4 and 6, dexamethasone, insulin-like growth factor 1, fibroblast growth factor 2 and cell seeding density were included in the experiment. The analysis revealed that the best of the tested differentiation cocktails included transforming growth factor β 1 and dexamethasone. Dexamethasone acted in synergy with transforming growth factor β 1 by increasing many chondrogenic markers while directly downregulating expression of the pro-osteogenic gene osteocalcin. However, all factors beneficial to the expression of desirable hyaline cartilage markers also induced undesirable molecules, indicating that perfect chondrogenic differentiation is not achievable with the current differentiation protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rune B. Jakobsen
- Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, The Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Esben Østrup
- Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Xiaolan Zhang
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tarjei S. Mikkelsen
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute and Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jan E. Brinchmann
- Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, The Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Abstract
There is worldwide demand for therapies to promote the robust repair and regeneration with maximum regain of function of particular tissues and organs damaged by disease or injury. The potential role of adult stem cells has been highlighted by an increasing number of in vitro and in vivo studies. Nowhere is this more evident than in adult stem cell-based therapies being explored to promote cardiac regeneration. In spite of encouraging advances, significant challenges remain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kursad Turksen
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada,
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Zhou J, Chen Y, Cao C, Chen X, Gao W, Zhang L. Inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β up-regulates β-catenin and promotes chondrogenesis. Cell Tissue Bank 2014; 16:135-42. [PMID: 24760579 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-014-9449-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) could promote chondrocytes proliferation. The expression pattern of GSK-3β was firstly determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in normal mouse. Tibias were then isolated and cultured for 6 days. The tibias were treated with dimethylsulfoxide (control) or GSK-3 inhibitor SB415286 (SB86). Length of tibias was measured until 6 days after treatment. These bones were either stained with alcian blue/alizarin red or analyzed by IHC. In addition, GSK-3β and β-catenin were analyzed by Western blot. Finally, cartilage-specific GSK-3β deletion mice (KO) were generated. Efficiency of GSK-3β deletion was determined through Western blot and IHC. After treated by inhibitor SB86, the overall length of growth plate was not changed. However, growth of tibia in SB86 group was increased by 31 %, the length of resting and proliferating was increased 13 % (P < 0.01), whereas the length of hypertrophic was decreased by 57 % (P < 0.01). Besides, the mineralized length was found to be significant longer than the control group (P < 0.05). In KO mice, growth plate and calvaria tissue both exhibit significant reduction of GSK-3β (P < 0.05) whereas the lengths of tibias in KO were almost same compared with control mice. Finally, an increase amount of β-catenin protein was observed in SB86 (P < 0.05). In addition, significantly increased β-catenin was also found in the growth plate of KO mice (P < 0.05). Inhibition of GSK-3 could promote longitudinal growth of bone through increasing bone formation. Besides, the inactivation of GSK-3β could lead to enhancing β-catenin, therefore promote chondrocytes proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhou
- Orthopedic Surgery, PuTuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 164, LanXi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
144
|
Aoyama T, Goto K, Kakinoki R, Ikeguchi R, Ueda M, Kasai Y, Maekawa T, Tada H, Teramukai S, Nakamura T, Toguchida J. An exploratory clinical trial for idiopathic osteonecrosis of femoral head by cultured autologous multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells augmented with vascularized bone grafts. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2014; 20:233-42. [PMID: 24593258 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2014.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic osteonecrosis of femoral head (ION) is a painful disorder that progresses to collapse of the femoral head and destruction of the hip joint. Although its precise pathology remains unknown, the loss of blood supply causing the loss of living bone-forming cells is a hallmark of the pathophysiology of osteonecrosis. Transplantation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is a promising tool for regenerating the musculoskeletal system. The aim of the present study was to assess the safety and efficacy of transplantation of cultured autologous bone marrow-derived MSCs mixed with β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) in combination with vascularized bone grafts for the treatment of advanced stage ION in a clinical trial. Ten patients with stage 3 ION were enrolled in this study. Autologous bone marrow-derived MSCs were cultured with autologous serum, and cells (0.5-1.0×10(8)) were transplanted after mixing with β-TCP granules in combination with vascularized iliac bone grafts. Patients were assessed 24 months after treatment. The primary and secondary endpoints were progression of the radiological stage and changes in bone volume at the femoral head, and clinical score, respectively. Nine of ten patients completed the protocol, seven of whom remained at stage 3, and the remaining two cases progressed to stage 4. The average bone volume increased from 56.5±8.5 cm(3) to 57.7±10.6 cm(3). The average clinical score according to the Japan Orthopaedic Association improved from 65.6±25.5 points to 87.9±19.0 points. One severe adverse event was observed, which was not related to the clinical trial. Although the efficacy of cell transplantation was still to be determined, all procedures were successfully performed and some young patients with extensive necrotic lesions with pain demonstrated good bone regeneration with amelioration of symptoms. Further improvements in our method using MSCs and the proper selection of patients will open a new approach for the treatment of this refractory disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Aoyama
- 1 Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
145
|
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a debilitating disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Current osteoporosis treatments are predominantly bone-resorbing drugs that are associated with several side effects. The use of stem cells for tissue regeneration has raised great hope in various fields of medicine, including musculoskeletal disorders. Stem cell therapy for osteoporosis could potentially reduce the susceptibility of fractures and augment lost mineral density by either increasing the numbers or restoring the function of resident stem cells that can proliferate and differentiate into bone-forming cells. Such osteoporosis therapies can be carried out by exogenous introduction of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), typically procured from bone marrow, adipose, and umbilical cord blood tissues or through treatments with drugs or small molecules that recruit endogenous stem cells to osteoporotic sites. The main hurdle with cell-based osteoporosis therapy is the uncertainty of stem cell fate and biodistribution following cell transplantation. Therefore, future advancements will focus on long-term engraftment and differentiation of stem cells at desired bone sites for tangible clinical outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Antebi
- Skeletal Biotech Laboratory, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical Campus, POB 12272, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
146
|
Regenerative Spinal Therapies for Low Back Pain. CURRENT PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION REPORTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40141-014-0043-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
147
|
Schaap-Oziemlak AM, Kühn PT, van Kooten TG, van Rijn P. Biomaterial–stem cell interactions and their impact on stem cell response. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra07915a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, current research in the field of biomaterial properties for directing stem cells are discussed and placed in a critical perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneta M. Schaap-Oziemlak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering-FB40
- W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science
- University of Groningen
- University Medical Center Groningen
- 9713 AVGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - Philipp T. Kühn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering-FB40
- W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science
- University of Groningen
- University Medical Center Groningen
- 9713 AVGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo G. van Kooten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering-FB40
- W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science
- University of Groningen
- University Medical Center Groningen
- 9713 AVGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick van Rijn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering-FB40
- W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science
- University of Groningen
- University Medical Center Groningen
- 9713 AVGroningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Wang M, Cheng X, Zhu W, Holmes B, Keidar M, Zhang LG. Design of biomimetic and bioactive cold plasma-modified nanostructured scaffolds for enhanced osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2013; 20:1060-71. [PMID: 24219622 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to design a biomimetic and bioactive tissue-engineered bone construct via a cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment for directed osteogenic differentiation of human bone morrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Porous nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite/chitosan scaffolds were fabricated via a lyophilization procedure. The nanostructured bone scaffolds were then treated with CAP to create a more favorable surface for cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. The CAP-modified scaffolds were characterized via scanning electron microscope, Raman spectrometer, contact angle analyzer, and white light interferometer. In addition, optimal CAP treatment conditions were determined. Our in vitro study shows that MSC adhesion and infiltration were significantly enhanced on CAP modified scaffolds. More importantly, it was demonstrated that CAP-modified nanostructured bone constructs can greatly promote total protein, collagen synthesis, and calcium deposition after 3 weeks of culture, thus making them a promising implantable scaffold for bone regeneration. Moreover, the fibronectin and vitronection adsorption experiments by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated that more adhesion-mediated protein adsorption on the CAP-treated scaffolds. Since the initial specific protein absorption on scaffold surfaces can lead to further recruitment as well as activation of favorable cell functions, it is suggested that our enhanced stem cell growth and osteogenic function may be related to more protein adsorption resulting from surface roughness and wettability modification. The CAP modification method used in this study provides a quick one-step process for cell-favorable tissue-engineered scaffold architecture remodeling and surface property alteration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mian Wang
- 1 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University , Washington, District of Columbia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
149
|
Enhancing the migration ability of mesenchymal stromal cells by targeting the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:561098. [PMID: 24381939 PMCID: PMC3870125 DOI: 10.1155/2013/561098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are currently being investigated in numerous clinical trials of tissue repair and various immunological disorders based on their ability to secrete trophic factors and to modulate inflammatory responses. MSCs have been shown to migrate to sites of injury and inflammation in response to soluble mediators including the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-(SDF-)1, but during in vitro culture expansion MSCs lose surface expression of key homing receptors particularly of the SDF-1 receptor, CXCR4. Here we review studies on enhancement of SDF-1-directed migration of MSCs with the premise that their improved recruitment could translate to therapeutic benefits. We describe our studies on approaches to increase the CXCR4 expression in in vitro-expanded cord blood-derived MSCs, namely, transfection, using the commercial liposomal reagent IBAfect, chemical treatment with the histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid, and exposure to recombinant complement component C1q. These methodologies will be presented in the context of other cell targeting and delivery strategies that exploit pathways involved in MSC migration. Taken together, these findings indicate that MSCs can be manipulated in vitro to enhance their in vivo recruitment and efficacy for tissue repair.
Collapse
|
150
|
Abstract
Stem cells are being intensively studied for their potential applications in clinical medicine. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an important subset of stem cells which are attractive for application in musculoskeletal disorders. In this article, we review the characteristics of these MSCs that are relevant to clinical practice but that are still largely experimental in nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alphonsus K. S. Chong
- Department of Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery, National University Hospital, Singapore
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Min He
- Department of Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery, National University Hospital, Singapore
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|