1
|
Guevara UJ, Núñez J, Pérez LM, Tiutiunnyk A, Urdaneta N, Cisternas E, Laroze D. Optoelectronic Response to the Fluor Ion Bond on 4-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxoborolan-2-yl)benzaldehyde. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5000. [PMID: 38732218 PMCID: PMC11084352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25095000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Boronate esters are a class of compounds containing a boron atom bonded to two oxygen atoms in an ester group, often being used as precursors in the synthesis of other materials. The characterization of the structure and properties of esters is usually carried out by UV-visible, infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic techniques. With the aim to better understand our experimental data, in this article, the density functional theory (DFT) is used to analyze the UV-visible and infrared spectra, as well as the isotropic shielding and chemical shifts of the hydrogen atoms 1H, carbon 13C and boron 11B in the compound 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxoborolan-2-yl)benzaldehyde. Furthermore, this study considers the change in its electronic and spectroscopic properties of this particular ester, when its boron atom is coordinated with a fluoride anion. The calculations were carried out using the LSDA and B3LYP functionals in Gaussian-16, and PBE in CASTEP. The results show that the B3LYP functional gives the best approximation to the experimental data. The formation of a coordinated covalent B-F bond highlights the remarkable sensitivity of the NMR chemical shifts of carbon, oxygen, and boron atoms and their surroundings. Furthermore, this bond also highlights the changes in the electron transitions bands n → π* and π → π* during the absorption and emission of a photon in the UV-vis, and in the stretching bands of the C=C bonds, and bending of BO2 in the infrared spectrum. This study not only contributes to the understanding of the properties of boronate esters but also provides important information on the interactions and responses optoelectronic of the compound when is bonded to a fluorine atom.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulises J. Guevara
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile; (U.J.G.)
| | - Jesús Núñez
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Politécnica Territorial del Oeste de Sucre “Clodosbaldo Russian”, Cumaná 6101, Venezuela
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial y de Sistemas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Anton Tiutiunnyk
- Departamento de Física, FACI, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Neudo Urdaneta
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Simón Bolívar (USB), Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela
| | - Eduardo Cisternas
- Departamento de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
| | - David Laroze
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile; (U.J.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mishra NK, Sharma P, Sharma BK, Almohsen B, Pérez LM. Electroosmotic MHD ternary hybrid Jeffery nanofluid flow through a ciliated vertical channel with gyrotactic microorganisms: Entropy generation optimization. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25102. [PMID: 38322951 PMCID: PMC10844125 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, the computational analysis of entropy generation optimization for synthetic cilia regulated ternary hybrid Jeffery nanofluid (Ag-Au-TiO2/PVA) flow through a peristaltic vertical channel with swimming motile Gyrotactic microorganisms is investigated. Understanding the intricate interaction of multiple physical phenomena in biomedical applications is essential for optimizing entropy generation and advancing microfluidic systems. The characteristics of nanofluid are explored for the electroosmotic MHD fluid flow in the presence of thermophoresis and Brownian motion, viscous dissipation, Ohmic heating and chemical reaction. Using the appropriate transformations, a set of ordinary differential equations are created from the governing partial differential equations. The resulting ODEs are numerically solved using the shooting technique using BVP5C in MATLAB after applying the long-wavelength and low Reynolds number approximation. The velocity, temperature, concentration, electroosmosis, and microorganism density profiles are analyzed graphically for different emerging parameters. Graphical investigation of engineering interest quantities like heat transfer rate, mass transfer rate, skin friction coefficient, and entropy generation optimization are also presented. It is observed that the rate of mass transfer increases for increasing thermophoretic parameter, while reverse effect is noted for Brownian motion parameter, Schmidt number, and chemical reaction number. The outcomes of present study can be pertinent in studying Cilia properties of respiratory tract, reproductive system, and brain ventricles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhish K. Mishra
- Department of Basic Science, College of Science and Theoretical Studies, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, 11673, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parikshit Sharma
- Department of Mathematics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India
| | - Bhupendra K. Sharma
- Department of Mathematics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India
| | - Bandar Almohsen
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Departamento de Física, FACI, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica, 1000000, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Benitez HA, Salinas C, Hernández J, Contador Mejías T, Kim S, Maturana CS, Rebolledo L, Pérez LM, Câmara PEAS, Alves Ferreira V, Lobos I, Piñeiro A, Convey P. An outsider on the Antarctic Peninsula: A new record of the non-native moth Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e10838. [PMID: 38322004 PMCID: PMC10844584 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
We report the first record of the microlepidopteran Plodia interpunctella beyond the South Shetland Islands at the Chilean Yelcho scientific station (64°52'33.1428″ S; 63°35'1.9572″ W), Doumer Island, close to the west coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. It is notable that P. interpunctella, a globally distributed stored product pest species, exhibits a remarkable capacity for prolonged viability within food storage facilities. The dual challenges of food transportation and storage in the context of Antarctica's challenging operational conditions may have facilitated P. interpunctella's initial arrival to the Antarctic region. Non-perishable food items, such as grains, flour and rice, provide practical options for the bulk food transportation and storage required in the long-term operation of Antarctic research stations. The presence of P. interpunctella in Antarctica, even if restricted to synanthropic environments within buildings, is a clear threat to Antarctic biodiversity, not only through being an invasive species itself but also as a potential vector for other non-native species (bacteria, acari, between others.), which could carry diseases to the native species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo A. Benitez
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC)Centro Universitario Cabo de Hornos, Universidad de MagallanesPuerto WilliamsChile
- Laboratorio de Ecología y Morfometría Evolutiva, Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del MauleUniversidad Católica del MauleTalcaChile
| | - Carla Salinas
- Departamento CientíficoInstituto Antártico ChilenoPunta ArenasChile
| | - Jordan Hernández
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC)Centro Universitario Cabo de Hornos, Universidad de MagallanesPuerto WilliamsChile
- Programa de Doctorado en Salud Ecosistémica, Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del MauleUniversidad Católica del MauleTalcaChile
| | - Tamara Contador Mejías
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC)Centro Universitario Cabo de Hornos, Universidad de MagallanesPuerto WilliamsChile
- Núcleo Milenio de Salmónidos Invasores (INVASAL)ConcepciónChile
| | - Sanghee Kim
- Division of Life SciencesKorea Polar Research InstituteIncheonKorea
| | - Claudia S. Maturana
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC)Centro Universitario Cabo de Hornos, Universidad de MagallanesPuerto WilliamsChile
| | - Lorena Rebolledo
- Departamento CientíficoInstituto Antártico ChilenoPunta ArenasChile
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Departamento de Física, FACIUniversidad de TarapacáAricaChile
| | | | | | - Isabel Lobos
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Laboratorio de Ecología y Morfometría Evolutiva, Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del MauleUniversidad Católica del MauleTalcaChile
| | - Alejandro Piñeiro
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Laboratorio de Ecología y Morfometría Evolutiva, Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del MauleUniversidad Católica del MauleTalcaChile
| | - Peter Convey
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE)SantiagoChile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC)Centro Universitario Cabo de Hornos, Universidad de MagallanesPuerto WilliamsChile
- British Antarctic Survey (BAS)Natural Environment Research CouncilCambridgeUK
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of JohannesburgAuckland ParkSouth Africa
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pérez LM, Aghoutane N, Laroze D, Díaz P, El-Yadri M, Feddi EM. Unveiling the Role of Donor Impurity Position on the Electronic Properties in Strained Type I and Type II Core/Shell Quantum Dots under Magnetic Field. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6535. [PMID: 37834672 PMCID: PMC10574289 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
In this theoretical investigation, we delve into the significant effects of donor impurity position within core/shell quantum dot structures: type I (CdTe/ZnS) and type II (CdTe/CdS). The donor impurity's precise location within both the core and the shell regions is explored to unveil its profound influence on the electronic properties of these nanostructures. Our study investigates the diamagnetic susceptibility and binding energy of the donor impurity while considering the presence of an external magnetic field. Moreover, the lattice mismatch-induced strain between the core and shell materials is carefully examined as it profoundly influences the electronic structure of the quantum dot system. Through detailed calculations, we analyze the strain effects on the conduction and valence bands, as well as the electron and hole energy spectrum within the core/shell quantum dots. The results highlight the significance of donor impurity position as a key factor in shaping the behaviors of impurity binding energy and diamagnetic susceptibility. Furthermore, our findings shed light on the potential for tuning the electronic properties of core/shell quantum dots through precise impurity positioning and strain engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Pérez
- Departamento de Física, FACI, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Noreddine Aghoutane
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile; (N.A.); (D.L.)
| | - David Laroze
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile; (N.A.); (D.L.)
| | - Pablo Díaz
- Departamento de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
| | - Mohamed El-Yadri
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSAM, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10100, Morocco (E.M.F.)
| | - El Mustapha Feddi
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSAM, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10100, Morocco (E.M.F.)
- Institute of Applied Physics, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gutiérrez-Jara JP, Vogt-Geisse K, Correa MCG, Vilches-Ponce K, Pérez LM, Chowell G. Modeling the Impact of Agricultural Mitigation Measures on the Spread of Sharka Disease in Sweet Cherry Orchards. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3442. [PMID: 37836182 PMCID: PMC10575084 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Sharka is a disease affecting stone fruit trees. It is caused by the Plum pox virus (PPV), with Myzus persicae being one of the most efficient aphid species in transmitting it within and among Prunus orchards. Other agricultural management strategies are also responsible for the spread of disease among trees, such as grafting and pruning. We present a mathematical model of impulsive differential equations to represent the dynamics of Sharka disease in the tree and vector population. We consider three transmission routes: grafting, pruning, and through aphid vectors. Grafting, pruning, and vector control occur as pulses at specific instants. Within the model, human risk perception towards disease influences these agricultural management strategies. Model results show that grafting with infected biological material has a significant impact on the spread of the disease. In addition, detecting infectious symptomatic and asymptomatic trees in the short term is critical to reduce disease spread. Furthermore, vector control to prevent aphid movement between trees is crucial for disease mitigation, as well as implementing awareness campaigns for Sharka disease in agricultural communities that provide a long-term impact on responsible pruning, grafting, and vector control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Gutiérrez-Jara
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480112, Chile;
| | - Katia Vogt-Geisse
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Unidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, Santiago 7941169, Chile
| | - Margarita C. G. Correa
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480112, Chile;
| | - Karina Vilches-Ponce
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Católica del Maule, Avenida San Miguel 3605, Talca 3480112, Chile;
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile;
| | - Gerardo Chowell
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sharma BK, Khanduri U, Mishra NK, Albaijan I, Pérez LM. Entropy generation optimization for the electroosmotic MHD fluid flow over the curved stenosis artery in the presence of thrombosis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15441. [PMID: 37723188 PMCID: PMC10507105 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42540-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study deals with the entropy generation analysis on the flow of an electrically conductive fluid (Blood) with [Formula: see text]-suspended nanoparticles through the irregular stenosed artery with thrombosis on the catheter. The fluid flow can be actuated by the interactions of different physical phenomena like electroosmosis, radiation, Joule heating and a uniform radial magnetic field. The analysis of different shapes and sizes of the nanoparticle is considered by taking the Crocine model. The velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions are computed using the Crank-Nicholson method within the framework of the Debye-Huckel linearization approximation. In order to see how blood flow changes in response to different parameters, the velocity contour is calculated. The aluminium oxide nanoparticles employed in this research have several potential uses in biomedicine and biosensing. The surface's stability, biocompatibility, and reactivity may be enhanced by surface engineering, making the material effective for deoxyribonucleic acid sensing. It may be deduced that the velocity profile reduces as the nanoparticle's size grows while depicts the reverse trend for the shape size. In a region close to the walls, the entropy profile decreases, while in the region in the middle, it rises as the magnetic field parameter rises. The present endeavour can be beneficial in biomedical sciences in designing better biomedical devices and gaining insight into the hemodynamic flow for treatment modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhupendra K Sharma
- Department of Mathematics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Umesh Khanduri
- Department of Mathematics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nidhish K Mishra
- Department of Basic Science, College of Science and Theoretical Studies Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Albaijan
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering at Al Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, 16273, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laura M Pérez
- Departamento de Física, FACI, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica, 1000000, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
El Hamdaoui J, Pérez LM, Ojeda-Martínez M, El Ouarie N, Díaz P, Laroze D, Feddi EM. First Principle Study on the Effect of Strain on the Electronic Structure and Carrier Mobility of the Janus MoSTe and WSTe Monolayers. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2535. [PMID: 37764563 PMCID: PMC10534868 DOI: 10.3390/nano13182535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Using first-principle calculations, we investigate the impact of strain on the electronic structures and effective masses of Janus WSTe and MoSTe monolayers. The calculations were performed using the QUANTUM-ESPRESSO package, employing the PBE and HSE06 functionals. Our results demonstrate that strain fundamentally changes the electronic structures of the Janus WSTe and MoSTe monolayers. We observe that deformation causes a shift in the maxima and minima of the valence and conduction bands, respectively. We find that the effective electrons and hole masses of MoSTe and WSTe can be changed by deformation. In addition, the strain's effect on carrier mobility is also investigated in this work via the deformation potential theory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jawad El Hamdaoui
- Laboratory of Condensed Matter and Interdisciplinary Sciences (LaMCScI), Faculty of Sciences Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10000, Morocco; (J.E.H.)
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSET of Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10000, Morocco
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile;
| | - Miguel Ojeda-Martínez
- Centro Universitario de los Valles, Universidad de Guadalajara, Carretera Guadalajara-Ameca, Ameca 46600, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Nassima El Ouarie
- Laboratory of Condensed Matter and Interdisciplinary Sciences (LaMCScI), Faculty of Sciences Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10000, Morocco; (J.E.H.)
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSET of Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10000, Morocco
| | - Pablo Díaz
- Departamento de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - David Laroze
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - El Mustapha Feddi
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSET of Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10000, Morocco
- Institute of Applied Physics, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mishra NK, Sharma BK, Sharma P, Muhammad T, Pérez LM. Entropy generation optimization of cilia regulated MHD ternary hybrid Jeffery nanofluid with Arrhenius activation energy and induced magnetic field. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14483. [PMID: 37660186 PMCID: PMC10475137 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study deals with the entropy generation analysis of synthetic cilia using a ternary hybrid nanofluid (Al-Cu-Fe2O3/Blood) flow through an inclined channel. The objective of the current study is to investigate the effects of entropy generation optimization, heat, and mass transfer on ternary hybrid nanofluid passing through an inclined channel in the proximity of the induced magnetic field. The novelty of the current study is present in studying the combined effect of viscous dissipation, thermophoresis, Brownian motion, exponential heat sink/source, porous medium, endothermic-exothermic chemical reactions, and activation energy in the proximity of induced magnetic field is examined. The governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are transformed into the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using appropriate transformations. Applying the low Reynolds number and the long-wavelength approximation, resultant ODEs are numerically solved using shooting technique via BVP5C in MATLAB. The velocity, temperature, concentration, and induced magnetism profiles are visually discussed and graphically analyzed for various fluid flow parameters. Graphical analysis of physical interest quantities like mass transfer rate, heat transfer rate, entropy generation optimization, and skin friction coefficient are also graphically discussed. The entropy generation improves for enhancing values of Reynolds number, solutal Grashof number, heat sink/source parameter, Brinkman number, magnetic Prandtl number, and endothermic-exothermic reaction parameter while the reverse effect is noticed for chemical reaction and induced magnetic field parameter. The findings of this study can be applied to enhance heat transfer efficiency in biomedical devices, optimizing cooling systems, designing efficient energy conversion processes, and spanning from renewable energy technologies to aerospace propulsion systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhish K Mishra
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Sciences and Theoretical Studies, Saudi Electronic University, 11673, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bhupendra K Sharma
- Department of Mathematics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, 333031, India.
| | - Parikshit Sharma
- Department of Mathematics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Taseer Muhammad
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laura M Pérez
- Departamento de Física, FACI, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, 1000000, Arica, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rodriguez-Osorio KG, Morán-Lázaro JP, Ojeda-Martínez M, Montoya De Los Santos I, Ouarie NE, Feddi EM, Pérez LM, Laroze D, Routray S, Sánchez-Rodríguez FJ, Courel M. Analytical Modeling and Optimization of Cu 2ZnSn(S,Se) 4 Solar Cells with the Use of Quantum Wells under the Radiative Limit. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2058. [PMID: 37513069 PMCID: PMC10384985 DOI: 10.3390/nano13142058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present a theoretical study on the use of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 quantum wells in Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cells to enhance device efficiency. The role of different well thickness, number, and S/(S + Se) composition values is evaluated. The physical mechanisms governing the optoelectronic parameters are analyzed. The behavior of solar cells based on Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 without quantum wells is also considered for comparison. Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 quantum wells with a thickness lower than 50 nm present the formation of discretized eigenstates which play a fundamental role in absorption and recombination processes. Results show that well thickness plays a more important role than well number. We found that the use of wells with thicknesses higher than 20 nm allow for better efficiencies than those obtained for a device without nanostructures. A record efficiency of 37.5% is achieved when 36 wells with a width of 50 nm are used, considering an S/(S + Se) well compositional ratio of 0.25.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina G Rodriguez-Osorio
- Centro Universitario de los Valles, Universidad de Guadalajara, Carretera Guadalajara-Ameca Km. 45.5, Ameca C.P. 46600, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Juan P Morán-Lázaro
- Centro Universitario de los Valles, Universidad de Guadalajara, Carretera Guadalajara-Ameca Km. 45.5, Ameca C.P. 46600, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ojeda-Martínez
- Centro Universitario de los Valles, Universidad de Guadalajara, Carretera Guadalajara-Ameca Km. 45.5, Ameca C.P. 46600, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Isaac Montoya De Los Santos
- Instituto de Estudios de la Energía, Universidad del Istmo, Santo Domingo Tehuantepec C.P. 70760, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Nassima El Ouarie
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSAM, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - El Mustapha Feddi
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSAM, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- Institute of Applied Physics, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Laura M Pérez
- Departamento de Física, FACI, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - David Laroze
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Soumyaranjan Routray
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 603203, India
| | | | - Maykel Courel
- Centro Universitario de los Valles, Universidad de Guadalajara, Carretera Guadalajara-Ameca Km. 45.5, Ameca C.P. 46600, Jalisco, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Guevara UJ, R. JBN, Lozada-Yavina R, Tiutiunnyk A, Pérez LM, Díaz P, Urdaneta N, Laroze D. Characterization of the 1-(5-(4,5-Dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxoborolan-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)ethanone Using NMR 13C, 1H and 11B through the Density Functional Theory. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:3037. [PMID: 37109875 PMCID: PMC10140964 DOI: 10.3390/ma16083037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The use of computational methods that allow us to perform characterization on new compounds is not a novelty; nevertheless, the degree of complexity of the structures makes their study more challenging since new techniques and methods are required to adjust to the new structural model. The case of nuclear magnetic resonance characterization of boronate esters is fascinating because of its widespread use in materials science. In this paper, we use density functional theory to characterize the structure of the compound 1-[5-(4,5-Dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl]ethanonea by means of nuclear magnetic resonance. We studied the compound in its solid form with the PBE-GGA and PBEsol-GGA functionals, with a set of plane wave functions and an augmented wave projector, which included gauge in CASTEP and its molecular structure with the B3LYP functional using the package Gaussian 09. In addition, we performed the optimization and calculation of the chemical shifts and isotropic nuclear magnetic resonance shielding of 1H, 13C, and 11B. Finally, we analyzed and compared the theoretical results with experimental diffractometric data observing a good approximation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulises J. Guevara
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Jesús B. Núñez R.
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Politécnica Territorial del Oeste de Sucre “Clodosbaldo Russian”, Cumaná 6101, Venezuela
| | - Rafael Lozada-Yavina
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480112, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias e Ingeniería, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Lima 15046, Peru
| | - Anton Tiutiunnyk
- Departamento de Física, FACI, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Departamento de Física, FACI, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Pablo Díaz
- Departamento de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Neudo Urdaneta
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Simón Bolívar (USB), Caracas 1020, Venezuela
| | - David Laroze
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Montoya De Los Santos I, Pérez-Orozco AA, Liña-Martínez DA, Courel M, Meza-Avendaño CA, Borrego-Pérez JA, Pérez LM, Laroze D. Towards a CdTe Solar Cell Efficiency Promotion: The Role of ZnO:Al and CuSCN Nanolayers. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:1335. [PMID: 37110920 PMCID: PMC10141116 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A numerical simulation is a valuable tool since it allows the optimization of both time and the cost of experimental processes for time optimization and the cost of experimental processes. In addition, it will enable the interpretation of developed measurements in complex structures, the design and optimization of solar cells, and the prediction of the optimal parameters that contribute to manufacturing a device with the best performance. In this sense, a detailed simulation study was carried out in this work by the Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS). In particular, we evaluate the influence of absorber and buffer thickness, absorber defect density, work function in back contact, Rs, Rsh, and carrier concentration on a CdTe/CdS cell to maximize its performance. Furthermore, the incorporation effect of ZnO:Al (TCO) and CuSCN (HTL) nanolayers was studied for the first time. As a result, the efficiency of the solar cell was maximized from 16.04% to 17.74% by increasing the Jsc and Voc. This work will play an essential role in enhancing the performance of CdTe-based devices with the best performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan A. Pérez-Orozco
- Instituto de Estudios de la Energía, Universidad del Istmo, Oaxaca 70760, Mexico
| | | | - Maykel Courel
- Centro Universitario de los Valles, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ameca 46600, Mexico;
| | - Carlos A. Meza-Avendaño
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Energías Renovables, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez 29039, Mexico;
| | - Jorge A. Borrego-Pérez
- Departamento de Materiales, Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58004, Mexico;
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Departamento de Física, FACI, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile;
| | - David Laroze
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, CEDENNA, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile;
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
El-Yadri M, El Hamdaoui J, Aghoutane N, Pérez LM, Baskoutas S, Laroze D, Díaz P, Feddi EM. Optoelectronic Properties of a Cylindrical Core/Shell Nanowire: Effect of Quantum Confinement and Magnetic Field. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:1334. [PMID: 37110919 PMCID: PMC10141194 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of quantum size and an external magnetic field on the optoelectronic properties of a cylindrical AlxGa1-xAs/GaAs-based core/shell nanowire. We used the one-band effective mass model to describe the Hamiltonian of an interacting electron-donor impurity system and employed two numerical methods to calculate the ground state energies: the variational and finite element methods. With the finite confinement barrier at the interface between the core and the shell, the cylindrical symmetry of the system revealed proper transcendental equations, leading to the concept of the threshold core radius. Our results show that the optoelectronic properties of the structure strongly depend on core/shell sizes and the strength of the external magnetic field. We found that the maximum probability of finding the electron occurs in either the core or the shell region, depending on the value of the threshold core radius. This threshold radius separates two regions where physical behaviors undergo changes and the applied magnetic field acts as an additional confinement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Yadri
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSAM, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Jawad El Hamdaoui
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSAM, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Noreddine Aghoutane
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, CEDENNA, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Departamento de Física, FACI, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Sotirios Baskoutas
- Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - David Laroze
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, CEDENNA, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Pablo Díaz
- Departamento de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - El Mustapha Feddi
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSAM, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- Institute of Applied Physics, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid Ben Guerir, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hamdaoui JE, Kria M, Lakaal K, El-Yadri M, Feddi EM, Rejas LP, Pérez LM, Díaz P, Mora-Ramos ME, Laroze D. Ab Initio Study of Carrier Mobility, Thermodynamic and Thermoelectric Properties of Kesterite Cu 2ZnGeS 4. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12785. [PMID: 36361579 PMCID: PMC9656203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The kesterite Cu2ZnGeS4 (CZGS) has recently gained significant interest in the scientific community. In this work, we investigated the thermodynamic and thermoelectric properties of CZGS by employing the first-principals calculation in association with the quasi-harmonic approximation, Boltzmann transport theory, deformation potential theory, and slack model. We obtained a bandgap of 2.05 eV and high carrier mobility. We found that CZGS exhibits adequate thermoelectric properties as a promising material for thermoelectric applications. The calculated Seebeck coefficient at room temperature is 149 µV·K-1. We also determined the thermal and electrical conductivity, the power factor, and the figure of merit. In addition, the thermodynamic properties such as Debye temperature, entropy, and constant volume heat capacity are estimated. According to our results, it is concluded that the Slack model fails to provide correct values for lattice thermal conductivity in this material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jawad El Hamdaoui
- Laboratory of Condensed Matter and Interdisciplinary Sciences (LaMCScI), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSET of Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Kria
- Laboratory of Condensed Matter and Interdisciplinary Sciences (LaMCScI), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSET of Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Kamal Lakaal
- Laboratory of Condensed Matter and Interdisciplinary Sciences (LaMCScI), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSET of Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El-Yadri
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSET of Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - El Mustapha Feddi
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSET of Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
- Institute of Applied Physics, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid Ben Guerir, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Liliana Pedraja Rejas
- Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial y de Sistemas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Departamento de Física, FACI, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Pablo Díaz
- Departamento de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Miguel E. Mora-Ramos
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias-IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Ave. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico
| | - David Laroze
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kanchana C, Vélez JA, Pérez LM, Laroze D, Siddheshwar PG. Influence of higher-order modes on ferroconvection. Chaos 2022; 32:083129. [PMID: 36049924 DOI: 10.1063/5.0097398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Using Fourier representations, an elaborate study of regular cellular-convective and chaotic motions in a ferrofluid is made. Investigation is made on the adequacy or otherwise of the minimal mode in studying such motions. Higher-order modes are also considered by adding modes (vertical/horizontal/combined extension). For higher modes, the extensions yield a dynamical system of order greater than three. The characteristic features of extended ferromagnetic-Lorenz models are analyzed using the largest Lyapunov exponent(LE), second largest LE, bifurcation diagram, and phase-space plots. The effect of additional modes on critical modal-Rayleigh (infinitesimal and finite-amplitude ones) numbers and the Rayleigh number at which transition to chaos occurs are examined to report features of ferroconvection hitherto unseen in previous studies. As both horizontal and vertical modes are increased, our findings infer that the dynamical system displays advanced onset of regular convection and delayed chaotic motion. Vigorous-chaotic motion is seen on adding vertical modes, whereas on adding horizontal modes, intense chaos appears with decreased intensity for large values of the scaled Rayleigh number. Most important finding from the study is that as modes are increased (vertical/horizontal), the transition from regular to chaotic motion is greatly modified and leads the system to a hyper-chaotic state. Conventionally, the chaotic or hyper-chaotic state is intermittent with a periodic/quasi-periodic state but it can be retained in the chaotic or hyper-chaotic state by considering moderate values of the Prandtl number and/or by bringing in the ferromagnetic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Kanchana
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Sede Esmeralda, Universidad de Tarapacá, Av. Luis Emilio Recabarren 2477, Iquique, Chile
| | - J A Vélez
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, CEDENNA, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7 D, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - L M Pérez
- Departamento de Física, FACI, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7 D, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - D Laroze
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, CEDENNA, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7 D, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - P G Siddheshwar
- Center for Mathematical Needs, Department of Mathematics, CHRIST(Deemed to be University), Bengaluru 560029, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Castellano-Tejedor C, Pérez LM, Soto-Bagaria L, Risco E, Mazo MV, Gómez A, Salvador D, Yanguas J, Enfedaque MB, Morandi A, Font M, Davey V, Inzitari M. Correlates to psychological distress in frail older community-dwellers undergoing lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:516. [PMID: 35739478 PMCID: PMC9223249 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03072-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study identifies correlates of the lockdown’s psychological distress in frail older community-dwellers (Catalonia, Spain). Methods Participants from a community frailty intervention program, with a comprehensive geriatric assessment within the 12-months pre-lockdown and COVID-19 free during the first pandemic wave (March–May 2020), underwent a phone assessment past the lockdown to assess COVID-19-related emotional distress (DME) as well as other sociodemograhic, clinical and psychosocial factors. Results Of the 94 frail older adults (age = 82,34 ± 6,12 years; 68,1% women; 38,3% living alone), 84,9% were at risk of experiencing moderate-to-high psychological distress, according to the backward stepwise logistic regression model obtained (χ2 = 47,007, p < 0,001, Nagelkerke R2 = 0,528), based on the following factors: absence of depressive symptoms before lockdown (OR = 0,12, p = 0,014, 95%CI[0,023–0,647]), not carrying out leisure activities during lockdown (OR = 0,257, p = 0,023, 95%CI[0,079–0,832]) and currently experiencing high malaise due to COVID-19 situation (OR = 1,504, p < 0,001, 95%CI[1,241–1,822]). Discussion These findings suggest that it is necessary to favour a prior overall health status and to empower frail older community-dwellers in the use of a broad repertoire of coping strategies in the face of adversity to foster mental health and keep at bay the potential emotional impact of the situation generated by the COVID pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmina Castellano-Tejedor
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Area of Intermediate Care, REFiT BCN Research Group, Gregal 0, 08030, Barcelona, Spain. .,RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group. Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research and Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain. .,GIES Research Group, Basic Psychology Department, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Laura M Pérez
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Area of Intermediate Care, REFiT BCN Research Group, Gregal 0, 08030, Barcelona, Spain.,RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group. Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research and Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Soto-Bagaria
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Area of Intermediate Care, REFiT BCN Research Group, Gregal 0, 08030, Barcelona, Spain.,RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group. Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research and Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Risco
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Area of Intermediate Care, REFiT BCN Research Group, Gregal 0, 08030, Barcelona, Spain.,RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group. Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research and Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Victoria Mazo
- RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group. Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research and Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain.,Primary Healthcare Center Barceloneta, Atenció Primària Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Gómez
- Primary Healthcare Center Bordeta-Magòria, Institut Català de La Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Javier Yanguas
- Programa de Mayores. Fundación "La Caixa", Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Alessandro Morandi
- RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group. Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research and Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain.,Geriatric Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariona Font
- RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group. Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research and Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Davey
- RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group. Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research and Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco Inzitari
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Area of Intermediate Care, REFiT BCN Research Group, Gregal 0, 08030, Barcelona, Spain.,RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group. Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research and Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Belamkadem L, Mommadi O, Boussetta R, Chnafi M, Vinasco JA, Laroze D, Pérez LM, El Moussaouy A, Meziani YM, Kasapoglu E, Tulupenko V, Duque CA. First Study on the Electronic and Donor Atom Properties of the Ultra-Thin Nanoflakes Quantum Dots. Nanomaterials 2022; 12:nano12060966. [PMID: 35335780 PMCID: PMC8954822 DOI: 10.3390/nano12060966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Nanoflakes ultra-thin quantum dots are theoretically studied as innovative nanomaterials delivering outstanding results in various high fields. In this work, we investigated the surface properties of an electron confined in spherical ultra-thin quantum dots in the presence of an on-center or off-center donor impurity. Thus, we have developed a novel model that leads us to investigate the different nanoflake geometries by changing the spherical nanoflake coordinates (R, α, ϕ). Under the infinite confinement potential model, the study of these nanostructures is performed within the effective mass and parabolic band approximations. The resolution of the Schrödinger equation is accomplished by the finite difference method, which allows obtaining the eigenvalues and wave functions for an electron confined in the nanoflakes surface. Through the donor and electron energies, the transport, optoelectronic, and surface properties of the nanostructures were fully discussed according to their practical significance. Our findings demonstrated that these energies are more significant in the small nanoflakes area by altering the radius and the polar and azimuthal angles. The important finding shows that the ground state binding energy depends strongly on the geometry of the nanoflakes, despite having the same surface. Another interesting result is that the presence of the off-center shallow donor impurity permits controlling the binding energy, which leads to adjusting the immense behavior of the curved surface nanostructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laaziz Belamkadem
- OAPM Group, Laboratory of Materials, Waves, Energy and Environment, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed I, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (L.B.); (R.B.); (M.C.); (A.E.M.)
| | - Omar Mommadi
- OAPM Group, Laboratory of Materials, Waves, Energy and Environment, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed I, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (L.B.); (R.B.); (M.C.); (A.E.M.)
- Laboratory of Innovation in Science, Technology and Education, Regional Centre for the Professions of Education and Training, Oujda 60000, Morocco
- Correspondence:
| | - Reda Boussetta
- OAPM Group, Laboratory of Materials, Waves, Energy and Environment, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed I, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (L.B.); (R.B.); (M.C.); (A.E.M.)
| | - Mohamed Chnafi
- OAPM Group, Laboratory of Materials, Waves, Energy and Environment, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed I, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (L.B.); (R.B.); (M.C.); (A.E.M.)
| | - Juán A. Vinasco
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, CEDENNA, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile; (J.A.V.); (D.L.)
| | - David Laroze
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, CEDENNA, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile; (J.A.V.); (D.L.)
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Departamento de Física, FACI, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile;
| | - Abdelaziz El Moussaouy
- OAPM Group, Laboratory of Materials, Waves, Energy and Environment, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed I, Oujda 60000, Morocco; (L.B.); (R.B.); (M.C.); (A.E.M.)
- Laboratory of Innovation in Science, Technology and Education, Regional Centre for the Professions of Education and Training, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Yahya M. Meziani
- Group of Nanotechnology, USAL-NANOLAB, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Esin Kasapoglu
- Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58140, Turkey;
| | | | - Carlos A. Duque
- Grupo de Materia Condensada-UdeA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Física, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín AA 1226, Colombia;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Garcia-Rodriguez N, Rodriguez S, Tejada PI, Miranda-Artieda ZM, Ridao N, Buxó X, Pérez-Mesquida ME, Beseler MR, Salom JB, Pérez LM, Inzitari M, Otero-Villaverde S, Martin-Mourelle R, Molleda M, Quintana M, Olivé-Gadea M, Penalba A, Rosell A. Functional Recovery and Serum Angiogenin Changes According to Intensity of Rehabilitation Therapy After Stroke. Front Neurol 2021; 12:767484. [PMID: 34899582 PMCID: PMC8655101 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.767484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Rehabilitation is still the only treatment available to improve functional status after the acute phase of stroke. Most clinical guidelines highlight the need to design rehabilitation treatments considering starting time, intensity, and frequency, according to the tolerance of the patient. However, there are no homogeneous protocols and the biological effects are under investigation. Objective: To investigate the impact of rehabilitation intensity (hours) after stroke on functional improvement and serum angiogenin (ANG) in a 6-month follow-up study. Methods: A prospective, observational, longitudinal, and multicenter study with three cohorts: strokes in intensive rehabilitation therapy (IRT, minimum 15 h/week) vs. conventional therapy (NO-IRT, <15 h/week), and controls subjects (without known neurological, malignant, or inflammatory diseases). A total of seven centers participated, with functional evaluations and blood sampling during follow-up. The final cohort includes 62 strokes and 43 controls with demographic, clinical, blood samples, and exhaustive functional monitoring. Results: The median (IQR) number of weekly hours of therapy was different: IRT 15 (15–16) vs. NO-IRT 7.5 (5–9), p < 0.01, with progressive and significant improvements in both groups. However, IRT patients showed earlier improvements (within 1 month) on several scales (CAHAI, FMA, and FAC; p < 0.001) and the earliest community ambulation achievements (0.89 m/s at 3 months). There was a significant difference in ANG temporal profile between the IRT and NO-IRT groups (p < 0.01). Additionally, ANG was elevated at 1 month only in the IRT group (p < 0.05) whereas it decreased in the NO-IRT group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggest an association of rehabilitation intensity with early functional improvements, and connect the rehabilitation process with blood biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Garcia-Rodriguez
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Unidad de Rehabilitación Neurológica y Daño Cerebral, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Rodriguez
- Unidad de Rehabilitación Neurológica y Daño Cerebral, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Natalia Ridao
- Servei de Medicina Física i Rehabilitació, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Xavi Buxó
- Unidad de Rehabilitación Neurológica y Daño Cerebral, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Maria Rosario Beseler
- Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan B Salom
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación Cerebrovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe-Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura M Pérez
- RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research, Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain.,Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Area of Intermediate Care, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco Inzitari
- RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research, Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Manuel Quintana
- Epilepsy Research Group and Epilepsy Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute and Vall d'Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Anna Penalba
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Rosell
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
van Haastregt JCM, Everink IHJ, Schols JMGA, Grund S, Gordon AL, Poot EP, Martin FC, O'Neill D, Petrovic M, Bachmann S, van Balen R, van Dam van Isselt L, Dockery F, Holstege MS, Landi F, Pérez LM, Roquer E, Smalbrugge M, Achterberg WP. Management of post-acute COVID-19 patients in geriatric rehabilitation: EuGMS guidance. Eur Geriatr Med 2021; 13:291-304. [PMID: 34800286 PMCID: PMC8605452 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-021-00575-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aim To describe a guidance on the management of post-acute COVID 19 patients in geriatric rehabilitation. Findings This guidance addresses general requirements for post-acute COVID-19 geriatric rehabilitation and critical aspects for quality assurance during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the guidance describes relevant care processes and procedures divided in five topics: patient selection; admission; treatment; discharge; and follow-up and monitoring. Message This guidance is designed to provide support to care professionals involved in the geriatric rehabilitation treatment of post-acute COVID-19 patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41999-021-00575-4. Purpose To describe a guidance on the management of post-acute COVID 19 patients in geriatric rehabilitation. Methods The guidance is based on guidelines for post-acute COVID-19 geriatric rehabilitation developed in the Netherlands, updated with recent insights from literature, related guidance from other countries and disciplines, and combined with experiences from experts in countries participating in the Geriatric Rehabilitation Special Interest Group of the European Geriatric Medicine Society. Results This guidance for post-acute COVID-19 rehabilitation is divided into a section addressing general recommendations for geriatric rehabilitation and a section addressing specific processes and procedures. The Sect. “General recommendations for geriatric rehabilitation” addresses: (1) general requirements for post-acute COVID-19 rehabilitation and (2) critical aspects for quality assurance during COVID-19 pandemic. The Sect. “Specific processes and procedures”, addresses the following topics: (1) patient selection; (2) admission; (3) treatment; (4) discharge; and (5) follow-up and monitoring. Conclusion Providing tailored geriatric rehabilitation treatment to post-acute COVID-19 patients is a challenge for which the guidance is designed to provide support. There is a strong need for additional evidence on COVID-19 geriatric rehabilitation including developing an understanding of risk profiles of older patients living with frailty to develop individualised treatment regimes. The present guidance will be regularly updated based on additional evidence from practice and research. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41999-021-00575-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jolanda C M van Haastregt
- Department of Health Services Research and Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Irma H J Everink
- Department of Health Services Research and Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos M G A Schols
- Department of Health Services Research and Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Family Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Grund
- Center for Geriatric Medicine, Agaplesion Bethanien Hospital Heidelberg, Geriatric Center at the Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adam L Gordon
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - Else P Poot
- Verenso Dutch Association of Elderly Care Physicians, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Finbarr C Martin
- Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Desmond O'Neill
- Trinity College Dublin Centre for Health Sciences, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mirko Petrovic
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefan Bachmann
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Kliniken Valens, Valens, Switzerland.,Department of Geriatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Romke van Balen
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Frances Dockery
- Department of Geriatrics and Stroke Medicine, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marije S Holstege
- Department of Research GRZPLUS, Omring and Zorgcirkel, Hoorn, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Landi
- Geriatric Internal Medicine Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura M Pérez
- Clinical Head of Outpatient Clinic and Geriatric Home Care, Intermediate Care Hospital Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain.,Research Group on Aging, Frailty and Transitions in Barcelona (RE-FiT BCN), Vall d'Hebrón Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Roquer
- Geriatric Service, University Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Martin Smalbrugge
- Department of Medicine for Older People, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wilco P Achterberg
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Chair of the Guidance Committee Post COVID-19 Geriatric Rehabilitation, Verenso Dutch Association of Elderly Care Physicians, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Koley A, Maiti SK, Pérez LM, Silva JHO, Laroze D. Possible Routes to Obtain Enhanced Magnetoresistance in a Driven Quantum Heterostructure with a Quasi-Periodic Spacer. Micromachines (Basel) 2021; 12:mi12091021. [PMID: 34577665 PMCID: PMC8466401 DOI: 10.3390/mi12091021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we perform a numerical study of magnetoresistance in a one-dimensional quantum heterostructure, where the change in electrical resistance is measured between parallel and antiparallel configurations of magnetic layers. This layered structure also incorporates a non-magnetic spacer, subjected to quasi-periodic potentials, which is centrally clamped between two ferromagnetic layers. The efficiency of the magnetoresistance is further tuned by injecting unpolarized light on top of the two sided magnetic layers. Modulating the characteristic properties of different layers, the value of magnetoresistance can be enhanced significantly. The site energies of the spacer is modified through the well-known Aubry-André and Harper (AAH) potential, and the hopping parameter of magnetic layers is renormalized due to light irradiation. We describe the Hamiltonian of the layered structure within a tight-binding (TB) framework and investigate the transport properties through this nanojunction following Green's function formalism. The Floquet-Bloch (FB) anstaz within the minimal coupling scheme is introduced to incorporate the effect of light irradiation in TB Hamiltonian. Several interesting features of magnetotransport properties are represented considering the interplay between cosine modulated site energies of the central region and the hopping integral of the magnetic regions that are subjected to light irradiation. Finally, the effect of temperature on magnetoresistance is also investigated to make the model more realistic and suitable for device designing. Our analysis is purely a numerical one, and it leads to some fundamental prescriptions of obtaining enhanced magnetoresistance in multilayered systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Koley
- Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 Barrackpore Trunk Road, Kolkata 700 108, India;
| | - Santanu K. Maiti
- Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 Barrackpore Trunk Road, Kolkata 700 108, India;
- Correspondence:
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile; (L.M.P.); (D.L.)
| | - Judith Helena Ojeda Silva
- Grupo de Física de Materiales, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150003, Colombia;
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica y Computacional, Grupo de Investigación Química-Física Molecular y Modelamiento Computacional (QUIMOL), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150003, Colombia
| | - David Laroze
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile; (L.M.P.); (D.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Varsha, Kria M, Hamdaoui JE, Pérez LM, Prasad V, El-Yadri M, Laroze D, Feddi EM. Quantum Confined Stark Effect on the Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties of SiGe/Si Semi Oblate and Prolate Quantum Dots Grown in Si Wetting Layer. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:1513. [PMID: 34201009 PMCID: PMC8228555 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the parallel and perpendicular electric field effects on the system of SiGe prolate and oblate quantum dots numerically, taking into account the wetting layer and quantum dot size effects. Using the effective-mass approximation in the two bands model, we computationally calculated the extensive variation of dipole matrix (DM) elements, bandgap and non-linear optical properties, including absorption coefficients, refractive index changes, second harmonic generation and third harmonic generation as a function of the electric field, wetting layer size and the size of the quantum dot. The redshift is observed for the non-linear optical properties with the increasing electric field and an increase in wetting layer thickness. The sensitivity to the electric field toward the shape of the quantum dot is also observed. This study is resourceful for all the researchers as it provides a pragmatic model by considering oblate and prolate shaped quantum dots by explaining the optical and electronic properties precisely, as a consequence of the confined stark shift and wetting layer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varsha
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India;
- Department of Physics, Kalindi College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110008, India
| | - Mohamed Kria
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSAM, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco; (M.K.); (J.E.H.); (M.E.-Y.)
| | - Jawad El Hamdaoui
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSAM, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco; (M.K.); (J.E.H.); (M.E.-Y.)
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, CEDENNA, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7 D, Arica 1000000, Chile;
| | - Vinod Prasad
- Department of Physics, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110036, India
| | - Mohamed El-Yadri
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSAM, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco; (M.K.); (J.E.H.); (M.E.-Y.)
| | - David Laroze
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, CEDENNA, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7 D, Arica 1000000, Chile;
| | - El Mustapha Feddi
- Group of Optoelectronic of Semiconductors and Nanomaterials, ENSAM, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco; (M.K.); (J.E.H.); (M.E.-Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
de Lucas B, Pérez LM, Bernal A, Gálvez BG. Application of low-intensity pulsed therapeutic ultrasound on mesenchymal precursors does not affect their cell properties. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246261. [PMID: 33571276 PMCID: PMC7877602 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound is considered a safe and non-invasive tool in regenerative medicine and has been used in the clinic for more than twenty years for applications in bone healing after the approval of the Exogen device, also known as low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS). Beyond its effects on bone health, LIPUS has also been investigated for wound healing of soft tissues, with positive results for various cell processes including cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. As LIPUS has the potential to treat chronic skin wounds, we sought to evaluate the effects produced by a conventional therapeutic ultrasound device at low intensities (also considered LIPUS) on the migration capacity of mouse and human skin mesenchymal precursors (s-MPs). Cells were stimulated for 3 days (20 minutes per day) using a traditional ultrasound device with the following parameters: 100 mW/cm2 with 20% duty cycle and frequency of 3 MHz. At the parameters used, ultrasound failed to affect s-MP proliferation, with no evident changes in morphology or cell groupings, and no changes at the cytoskeletal level. Further, the migration and invasion ability of s-MPs were unaffected by the ultrasound protocol, and no major changes were detected in the gene/protein expression of ROCK1, integrin β1, laminin β1, type I collagen and transforming growth factor β1. Finally, RNA-seq analysis revealed that only 10 genes were differentially expressed after ultrasound stimulation. Among them, 5 encode for small nuclear RNAs and 2 encode for proteins belonging to the nuclear pore complex. Considering the results overall, while the viability of s-MPs was not affected by ultrasound stimulation and no changes were detected in proliferation/migration, RNA-seq analysis would suggest that s-MPs do respond to ultrasound. The use of 100 mW/cm2 intensity or conventional therapeutic ultrasound devices might not be optimal for the stimulation the properties of cell populations. Future studies should investigate the potential application of ultrasound using variations of the tested parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz de Lucas
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurora Bernal
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz G. Gálvez
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pérez LM, Hooshmand B, Mangialasche F, Mecocci P, Smith AD, Refsum H, Inzitari M, Fratiglioni L, Rizzuto D, Calderón-Larrañaga A. Glutathione Serum Levels and Rate of Multimorbidity Development in Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 75:1089-1094. [PMID: 31086967 PMCID: PMC7243585 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the association between baseline levels of total serum glutathione (tGSH) and rate of chronic disease accumulation over time. The study population (n = 2,596) was derived from a population-based longitudinal study on ≥60-year-olds living in Stockholm. Participants were clinically assessed at baseline, 3- and 6-year follow-ups. Multimorbidity was measured as the number of chronic conditions from a previously built list of 60 diseases. Linear mixed models were applied to analyze the association between baseline tGSH levels and the rate of multimorbidity development over 6 years. We found that at baseline, participants with ≥4 diseases had lower tGSH levels than participants with no chronic conditions (3.3 vs 3.6 µmol/L; p < .001). At follow-up, baseline levels of tGSH were inversely associated with the rate of multimorbidity development (β * time: -0.044, p < .001) after adjusting for age, sex, education, levels of serum creatinine, C-reactive protein, albumin, body mass index, smoking, and time of dropout or death. In conclusion, serum levels of tGSH are inversely associated with multimorbidity development; the association exists above and beyond the link between tGSH and specific chronic conditions. Our findings support the hypothesis that tGSH is a biomarker of multisystem dysregulation that eventually leads to multimorbidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Pérez
- Aging Research Center, NVS Department, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm University, Sweden.,Hospital Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain.,RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d'Hebrón Institute of Research, Spain
| | - Babak Hooshmand
- Aging Research Center, NVS Department, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm University, Sweden.,Department of Neurology, Ulm University Hospital, Germany
| | - Francesca Mangialasche
- Aging Research Center, NVS Department, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm University, Sweden.,Division of Clinical geriatrics, NVS Department, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - A David Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Helga Refsum
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Marco Inzitari
- Hospital Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain.,RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d'Hebrón Institute of Research, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Fratiglioni
- Aging Research Center, NVS Department, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm University, Sweden.,Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Sweden
| | - Debora Rizzuto
- Aging Research Center, NVS Department, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pérez LM, Castellano-Tejedor C, Cesari M, Soto-Bagaria L, Ars J, Zambom-Ferraresi F, Baró S, Díaz-Gallego F, Vilaró J, Enfedaque MB, Espí-Valbé P, Inzitari M. Depressive Symptoms, Fatigue and Social Relationships Influenced Physical Activity in Frail Older Community-Dwellers during the Spanish Lockdown due to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:808. [PMID: 33477879 PMCID: PMC7832838 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to the dramatic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, Spain underwent a strict lockdown (March-May 2020). How the lockdown modified older adults' physical activity (PA) has been poorly described. This research assesses the effect of the lockdown on PA levels and identifies predictors of sufficient/insufficient PA in frail older community-dwellers. Community-dwelling participants from the +ÀGIL Barcelona frailty intervention program, suspended during the pandemic, underwent a phone-assessment during the lockdown. PA was measured before and after the lockdown using the Brief Physical Activity Assessment Tool (BPAAT). We included 98 frail older adults free of COVID-19 (mean age = 82.7 years, 66.3% women, mean Short Physical Performance Battery = 8.1 points). About one third of participants (32.2%) were not meeting sufficient PA levels at the end of the lockdown. Depressive symptoms (OR = 0.12, CI95% = 0.02-0.55) and fatigue (OR = 0.11, CI95% = 0.03-0.44) decreased the odds of maintaining sufficient PA, whereas maintaining social networks (OR = 5.07, CI95% = 1.60-16.08) and reading (OR = 6.29, CI95% = 1.66-23.90) increased it. Living alone was associated with the reduction of PA levels (b = -1.30, CI95% = -2.14--0.46). In our sample, pre-lockdown mental health, frailty-related symptoms and social relationships were consistently associated with both PA levels during-lockdown and pre-post change. These data suggest considering specific plans to maintain PA levels in frail older community-dwellers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Pérez
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Area of Intermediate Care, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (C.C.-T.); (L.S.-B.); (J.A.); (M.I.)
- RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research & Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (S.B.); (P.E.-V.)
| | - Carmina Castellano-Tejedor
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Area of Intermediate Care, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (C.C.-T.); (L.S.-B.); (J.A.); (M.I.)
- RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research & Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (S.B.); (P.E.-V.)
- GIES Research Group, Basic Psychology Department, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Geriatric Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, 20138 Milano, Italy;
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università di Milano, 20138 Milano, Italy
| | - Luis Soto-Bagaria
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Area of Intermediate Care, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (C.C.-T.); (L.S.-B.); (J.A.); (M.I.)
- RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research & Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (S.B.); (P.E.-V.)
| | - Joan Ars
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Area of Intermediate Care, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (C.C.-T.); (L.S.-B.); (J.A.); (M.I.)
- RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research & Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (S.B.); (P.E.-V.)
| | - Fabricio Zambom-Ferraresi
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain;
| | - Sonia Baró
- RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research & Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (S.B.); (P.E.-V.)
- Primary Healthcare Center Larrard, Atenció Primària Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Díaz-Gallego
- Primary Healthcare Center Bordeta-Magòria, Institut Català de la Salut, 08014 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Jordi Vilaró
- Department of Health Sciences, Blanquerna—Ramon Llull University, 08022 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - María B. Enfedaque
- Institut Català de la Salut, Gerència de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Paula Espí-Valbé
- RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research & Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (S.B.); (P.E.-V.)
| | - Marco Inzitari
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Area of Intermediate Care, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (C.C.-T.); (L.S.-B.); (J.A.); (M.I.)
- RE-FiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research & Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, 08023 Barcelona, Spain; (S.B.); (P.E.-V.)
- Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ortiz-Virumbrales M, Menta R, Pérez LM, Lucchesi O, Mancheño-Corvo P, Avivar-Valderas Á, Palacios I, Herrero-Mendez A, Dalemans W, de la Rosa O, Lombardo E. Human adipose mesenchymal stem cells modulate myeloid cells toward an anti-inflammatory and reparative phenotype: role of IL-6 and PGE2. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:462. [PMID: 33138862 PMCID: PMC7607855 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01975-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) activate the endogenous immune regulatory system, inducing a therapeutic effect in recipients. MSCs have demonstrated the ability to modulate the differentiation of myeloid cells toward a phagocytic and anti-inflammatory profile. Allogeneic, adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs) have been investigated for the management of complex perianal fistula, with darvadstrocel being the first ASC therapy approved in Europe in March 2018. Additionally, ASCs are being explored as a potential treatment in other indications. Yet, despite these clinical advances, their mechanism of action is only partially understood. METHODS Freshly isolated human monocytes from the peripheral blood were differentiated in vitro toward M0 non-polarized macrophages (Mphs), M1 pro-inflammatory Mphs, M2 anti-inflammatory Mphs, or mature dendritic cells (mDCs) in the presence or absence of ASCs, in non-contact conditions. The phenotype and function of the differentiated myeloid populations were determined by flow cytometry, and their secretome was analyzed by OLINK technology. We also investigated the capacity of ASCs to modulate the phenotype and function of terminally differentiated M1 Mphs. The role of soluble factors interleukin (IL)-6 and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on the ability of ASCs to modulate myeloid cells was assessed using neutralization assays, CRISPR/Cas9 knock-down of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), and ASC-conditioned medium assays using pro-inflammatory stimulus. RESULTS Co-culture of monocytes in the presence of ASCs resulted in the polarization of Mphs and mDCs toward an anti-inflammatory and phagocytic phenotype. This was characterized by an increase in phagocytic receptors on the cell surface of Mphs (M0, M1, and M2) and mDCs, as well as modulation of chemokine receptors and reduced expression of pro-inflammatory, co-stimulatory molecules. ASCs also modulated the secretome of Mphs and mDCs, demonstrated by reduced expression of pro-inflammatory factors and increased expression of anti-inflammatory and reparative factors. Chemical inhibition of PGE2 with indomethacin abolished this modulatory effect, whereas treatment with a neutralizing anti-IL-6 antibody resulted in a partial abolishment. The knock-down of COX-2 in ASCs and the use of IL-1β-activated ASC-conditioned media confirmed the key role of PGE2 in ASC-mediated myeloid modulation. In our in vitro experimental settings, ASCs failed to modulate the phenotype and function of terminally polarized M1 Mphs. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that ASCs are able to modulate the in vitro differentiation of myeloid cells toward an anti-inflammatory and reparative profile. This modulatory effect was mediated mainly by PGE2 and, to a lesser extent, IL-6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramón Menta
- Takeda Madrid, Cell Therapy Technology Center, Tres Cantos, Spain
| | - Laura M Pérez
- Takeda Madrid, Cell Therapy Technology Center, Tres Cantos, Spain
| | - Ornella Lucchesi
- Takeda Madrid, Cell Therapy Technology Center, Tres Cantos, Spain
| | | | | | - Itziar Palacios
- Takeda Madrid, Cell Therapy Technology Center, Tres Cantos, Spain
| | | | | | - Olga de la Rosa
- Takeda Madrid, Cell Therapy Technology Center, Tres Cantos, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
de Lucas B, Pérez LM, Bernal A, Gálvez BG. Ultrasound Therapy: Experiences and Perspectives for Regenerative Medicine. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11091086. [PMID: 32957737 PMCID: PMC7563547 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound has emerged as a novel tool for clinical applications, particularly in the context of regenerative medicine. Due to its unique physico-mechanical properties, low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS) has been approved for accelerated fracture healing and for the treatment of established non-union, but its utility has extended beyond tissue engineering to other fields, including cell regeneration. Cells and tissues respond to acoustic ultrasound by switching on genetic repair circuits, triggering a cascade of molecular signals that promote cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, differentiation, and extracellular matrix production. LIUS also induces angiogenesis and tissue regeneration and has anti-inflammatory and anti-degenerative effects. Accordingly, the potential application of ultrasound for tissue repair/regeneration has been tested in several studies as a stand-alone treatment and, more recently, as an adjunct to cell-based therapies. For example, ultrasound has been proposed to improve stem cell homing to target tissues due to its ability to create a transitional and local gradient of cytokines and chemokines. In this review, we provide an overview of the many applications of ultrasound in clinical medicine, with a focus on its value as an adjunct to cell-based interventions. Finally, we discuss the various preclinical and clinical studies that have investigated the potential of ultrasound for regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz de Lucas
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (B.d.L.); (L.M.P.)
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (B.d.L.); (L.M.P.)
| | - Aurora Bernal
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Beatriz G. Gálvez
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (B.d.L.); (L.M.P.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Vélez JA, Bragard J, Pérez LM, Cabanas AM, Suarez OJ, Laroze D, Mancini HL. Periodicity characterization of the nonlinear magnetization dynamics. Chaos 2020; 30:093112. [PMID: 33003921 DOI: 10.1063/5.0006018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we study numerically the periodicity of regular regions embedded in chaotic states for the case of an anisotropic magnetic particle. The particle is in the monodomain regime and subject to an applied magnetic field that depends on time. The dissipative Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation models the particle. To perform the characterization, we compute several two-dimensional phase diagrams in the parameter space for the Lyapunov exponents and the isospikes. We observe multiple transitions among periodic states, revealing complex topological structures in the parameter space typical of dynamic systems. To show the finer details of the regular structures, iterative zooms are performed. In particular, we find islands of synchronization for the magnetization and the driven field and several shrimp structures with different periods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Vélez
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, CEDENNA, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica, Chile
| | - J Bragard
- Departamento de Física y Matemáticas Aplicadas, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31080, Spain
| | - L M Pérez
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, CEDENNA, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica, Chile
| | - A M Cabanas
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, CEDENNA, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica, Chile
| | - O J Suarez
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sucre, A.A. 406 Sincelejo, Colombia
| | - D Laroze
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, CEDENNA, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica, Chile
| | - H L Mancini
- Departamento de Física y Matemáticas Aplicadas, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31080, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Mahmud MN, Siri Z, Vélez JA, Pérez LM, Laroze D. Chaotic convection in an Oldroyd viscoelastic fluid in saturated porous medium with feedback control. Chaos 2020; 30:073109. [PMID: 32752617 DOI: 10.1063/5.0002846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The control effects on the convection dynamics in a viscoelastic fluid-saturated porous medium heated from below and cooled from above are studied. A truncated Galerkin expansion was applied to balance equations to obtain a four-dimensional generalized Lorenz system. The dynamical behavior is mainly characterized by the Lyapunov exponents, bifurcation, and isospike diagrams. The results show that within a range of moderate and high Rayleigh numbers, proportional controller gain is found to enhance the stabilization and destabilization effects on the thermal convection. Furthermore, due to the effect of viscoelasticity, the system exhibits remarkable topological structures of regular regions embedded in chaotic domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M N Mahmud
- Malaysian Institute of Chemical & Bioengineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, 78000 Alor Gajah, Malaysia
| | - Z Siri
- Institute of Mathematical Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - J A Vélez
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, CEDENNA, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica, Chile
| | - L M Pérez
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, CEDENNA, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica, Chile
| | - D Laroze
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, CEDENNA, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Pérez LM, de Lucas B, Gálvez BG. BMPER is upregulated in obesity and seems to have a role in pericardial adipose stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:132-145. [PMID: 32468615 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pericardial adipose tissue (PAT), a visceral fat depot enveloping the heart, is an active endocrine organ and a source of free fatty acids and inflammatory cytokines. As in other fat adult tissues, PAT contains a population of adipose stem cells; however, whether these cells and/or their environment play a role in physiopathology is unknown. We analyzed several stem cell-related properties of pericardial adipose stem cells (PSCs) isolated from obese and ex-obese mice. We also performed RNA-sequencing to profile the transcriptional landscape of PSCs isolated from the different diet regimens. Finally, we tested whether these alterations impacted on the properties of cardiac mesoangioblasts isolated from the same mice. We found functional differences between PSCs depending on their source: specifically, PSCs from obese PSC (oPSC) and ex-obese PSC (dPSC) mice showed alterations in apoptosis and migratory capacity when compared with lean, control PSCs, with increased apoptosis in oPSCs and blunted migratory capacity in oPSCs and dPSCs. This was accompanied by different gene expression profiles across the cell types, where we identified some genes altered in obese conditions, such as BMP endothelial cell precursor-derived regulator (BMPER), an important regulator of BMP-related signaling pathways for endothelial cell function. The importance of BMPER in PSCs was confirmed by loss- and gain-of-function studies. Finally, we found an altered production of BMPER and some important chemokines in cardiac mesoangioblasts in obese conditions. Our findings point to BMPER as a potential new regulator of PSC function and suggest that its dysregulation could be associated with obesity and may impact on cardiac cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Pérez
- Health and Biomedical Sciences Faculty, European University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Lucas
- Health and Biomedical Sciences Faculty, European University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz G Gálvez
- Health and Biomedical Sciences Faculty, European University, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gual N, García-Salmones M, Brítez L, Crespo N, Udina C, Pérez LM, Inzitari M. The role of physical exercise and rehabilitation in delirium. Eur Geriatr Med 2020; 11:83-93. [PMID: 32297245 PMCID: PMC7224129 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-020-00290-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This article aims to analyze the intersections between delirium, physical exercise and rehabilitation, to better understand their interrelation and to visualize future lines of research. METHODS In this narrative review, after an overview of brain neurophysiology and function, as common substrates to understand the relationship between delirium and physical function, we explore the scientific evidence in: (1) physical dysfunction as a risk factor for delirium; (2) physical dysfunction as a symptom of delirium and (3) functional consequences related to delirium. Later, we analyze the physical therapy as one of the main strategies in multicomponent interventions to prevent delirium, by examining intervention studies including rehabilitation, which have shown to be effective in managing delirium. Finally, we analyze how frailty, delirium and physical exercise interact with each other. RESULTS This review confirms the close relationship between delirium and physical dysfunction; therefore, it is not surprising that physical exercise is widely used in delirium preventive strategies. Although delirium is catalogued as a neurocognitive disorder, scientific evidence shows that it is also a motor disorder, which is to be expected, since a vast body of literature already supports an interaction between motor and cognitive function. CONCLUSION The motor component of delirium should be taken into account when designing interventions or strategies to address delirium. These interventions may have a special importance in frail older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Gual
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Carrer d'Esteve Terradas 30, 08023, Barcelona, Spain. .,REFiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d'Hebrón Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - M García-Salmones
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Carrer d'Esteve Terradas 30, 08023, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Brítez
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Carrer d'Esteve Terradas 30, 08023, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Crespo
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Carrer d'Esteve Terradas 30, 08023, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Udina
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Carrer d'Esteve Terradas 30, 08023, Barcelona, Spain.,REFiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d'Hebrón Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L M Pérez
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Carrer d'Esteve Terradas 30, 08023, Barcelona, Spain.,REFiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d'Hebrón Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Inzitari
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Carrer d'Esteve Terradas 30, 08023, Barcelona, Spain.,REFiT Barcelona Research Group, Vall d'Hebrón Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gual N, García-Salmones M, Pérez LM. Diagnosing delirium in patients with dementia, a great challenge. Med Clin (Barc) 2019; 153:284-289. [PMID: 31253478 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Delirium, despite its high incidence, serious consequences and potential reversibility, remains an underdiagnosed syndrome. In patients with dementia, the healthcare professional may find significant difficulties in differentiating whether the patient presents cognitive alterations and behavioural disorders characteristic of dementia or, on the contrary, is faced with a delirium superimposed on dementia (DSD). In view of this difficulty, many tools have been proposed in recent years to improve the diagnosis of DSD in these highly complex patients. The aim of these tools is to be easy and quick to apply, and although focusing on assessing cognitive aspects such as attention or level of consciousness, some of them have also incorporated the assessment of other more novel aspects, such as the ability to respond to external stimuli (Arousal) or the degree of mobility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neus Gual
- Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, España; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pérez LM, Enfedaque-Montes MB, Cesari M, Soto-Bagaria L, Gual N, Burbano MP, Tarazona-Santabalbina FJ, Casas RM, Díaz F, Martín E, Gómez A, Orfila F, Inzitari M. A Community Program of Integrated Care for Frail Older Adults: +AGIL Barcelona. J Nutr Health Aging 2019; 23:710-716. [PMID: 31560028 PMCID: PMC6768904 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-019-1244-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the 3-month impact on physical function of a program for community-dwelling frail older adults, based on the integration of primary care, geriatric medicine, and community resources, implemented in "real life". DESIGN Interventional cohort study. SETTING Primary care in Barcelona, Spain. PARTICIPANTS Individuals aged ≥80 years (n=134), presenting at least one sign of frailty (i.e., slow gait speed, weakness, memory complaints, involuntary weight loss, poor social support). INTERVENTION After frailty screening by the primary care team, candidates were referred to a geriatric team (geriatrician + physical therapist), who performed a comprehensive geriatric assessment and designed a tailored multidisciplinary intervention in the community, including a) multi-modal physical activity (PA) sessions, b) promotion of adherence to a Mediterranean diet c) health education and d) medication review. MEASUREMENTS Participants were assessed based on a comprehensive geriatric assessment including physical performance (Short Physical Performance Battery -SPPB- and gait speed), at baseline and at a three month follow-up. RESULTS A total of 112 (83.6%) participants (mean age=80.8 years, 67.9% women) were included in this research. Despite being independent in daily life, participants' physical performance was impaired (SPPB=7.5, SD=2.1, gait speed=0.71, SD=0.20 m/sec). After three months, 90.2% of participants completed ≥7.5 physical activity sessions. The mean improvements were +1.47 (SD 1.64) points (p<0.001) for SPPB, +0.08 (SD 0.13) m/sec (p<0.001) for gait speed, -5.5 (SD 12.10) sec (p<0.001) for chair stand test, and 53% (p<0.001) improved their balance. Results remained substantially unchanged after stratifying the analyses according to the severity of frailty. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that a "real-world" multidisciplinary intervention, integrating primary care, geriatric care, and community services may improve physical function, a marker of frailty, within 3 months. Further studies are needed to address the long-term impact and scalability of this implementation program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L M Pérez
- Laura Mónica Pérez Bazán, Avinguda de Vallcarca, 169-205, 08023 Barcelona, Spain, E-mail: , Telephone: +34 934 594000 / +34 600 646 967
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Houweling PJ, Papadimitriou ID, Seto JT, Pérez LM, Coso JD, North KN, Lucia A, Eynon N. Is evolutionary loss our gain? The role of
ACTN3
p.Arg577Ter (R577X) genotype in athletic performance, ageing, and disease. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:1774-1787. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.23663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Houweling
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | | | - Jane T. Seto
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Universidad Europea de Madrid (Faculty of Sport Sciences) Madrid Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre Madrid Spain
| | - Juan Del Coso
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory Camilo José Cela University Madrid Spain
| | - Kathryn N. North
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Universidad Europea de Madrid (Faculty of Sport Sciences) Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable Madrid Spain
| | - Nir Eynon
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS) Victoria University Victoria Australia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Del Coso J, Hiam D, Houweling P, Pérez LM, Eynon N, Lucía A. More than a 'speed gene': ACTN3 R577X genotype, trainability, muscle damage, and the risk for injuries. Eur J Appl Physiol 2018; 119:49-60. [PMID: 30327870 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-018-4010-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A common null polymorphism (rs1815739; R577X) in the gene that codes for α-actinin-3 (ACTN3) has been related to different aspects of exercise performance. Individuals who are homozygous for the X allele are unable to express the α-actinin-3 protein in the muscle as opposed to those with the RX or RR genotype. α-actinin-3 deficiency in the muscle does not result in any disease. However, the different ACTN3 genotypes can modify the functioning of skeletal muscle during exercise through structural, metabolic or signaling changes, as shown in both humans and in the mouse model. Specifically, the ACTN3 RR genotype might favor the ability to generate powerful and forceful muscle contractions. Leading to an overall advantage of the RR genotype for enhanced performance in some speed and power-oriented sports. In addition, RR genotype might also favor the ability to withstand exercise-induced muscle damage, while the beneficial influence of the XX genotype on aerobic exercise performance needs to be validated in human studies. More information is required to unveil the association of ACTN3 genotype with trainability and injury risk during acute or chronic exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Del Coso
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Camilo José Cela University, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Danielle Hiam
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Laura M Pérez
- Universidad Europea de Madrid (Faculty of Sport Sciences) and Research Institute i+12, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nir Eynon
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alejandro Lucía
- Universidad Europea de Madrid (Faculty of Sport Sciences) and Research Institute i+12, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Rameshwar Y, Anuradha V, Srinivas G, Pérez LM, Laroze D, Pleiner H. Nonlinear convection of binary liquids in a porous medium. Chaos 2018; 28:075512. [PMID: 30070520 DOI: 10.1063/1.5027468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Thermal convection of binary mixtures in a porous medium is studied with stress-free boundary conditions. The linear stability analysis is studied by using the normal mode method. The effects of the material parameters have been studied at the onset of convection. Using a multiple scale analysis near the onset of the stationary convection, a cubic-quintic amplitude equation is derived. The influence of the Lewis number and the separation ratio on the supercritical-subcritical transition is discussed. Stationary front solutions and localized states are analyzed at the Maxwell point. Near the threshold of the oscillatory convection, a set of two coupled complex cubic-quintic Ginzburg-Landau type amplitude equations is derived, and implicit analytical expressions for the coefficients are given.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Rameshwar
- Department of Mathematics, University College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - V Anuradha
- Department of Mathematics, Government Degree College for Women, Begumpet, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - G Srinivas
- Department of Mathematics, University College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - L M Pérez
- School of Physical Sciences and Nanotechnology, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 00119, Ecuador
| | - D Laroze
- School of Physical Sciences and Nanotechnology, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 00119, Ecuador
| | - H Pleiner
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz D 55021, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Pérez LM, Roqué M, Glynn NW, Santanasto AJ, Ramoneda M, Molins MT, Coll-Planas L, Vidal P, Inzitari M. Validation of the Spanish version of the Pittsburgh Fatigability Scale for older adults. Aging Clin Exp Res 2018; 31:209-214. [PMID: 29736892 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-018-0959-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Pittsburgh Fatigability Scale (PFS) is the only validated scale for measuring perceived fatigability in older adults. AIMS We validated the PFS Spanish version by assessing convergent validity with respect to several measures of physical performance, physical activity, physical function and disability. METHODS A cross-sectional validation study of 79 community-dwelling older adults aged 70 and older from Barcelona, Spain was included. Translation-retrotranslation was performed. Convergent validity was assessed in relation to physical activity and performance measurements, and analyzed with Spearman correlation coefficients, a linear trend test and non-linear regression. We also assessed the discriminant validity of the PFS physical score between participants with different physical activity and performance levels. RESULTS Higher PFS physical scores were inversely associated with the Short Physical Performance Battery (r = - 0.5, p < 0.001) and weak to moderately correlated with gait speed (r = 0.38, p = 0.001), and self-reported weekly walking time (r = 0.24, p = 0.035). CONCLUSION The PFS is a novel, brief instrument to assess fatigability in Spanish-speaking older adults, with good convergent validity against physical performance measurements. Thus, the PFS can be used in Spanish-speaking populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Pérez
- Intermediate Care Hospital, Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Av. Esteve Terrada No 30, 08023, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marta Roqué
- Fundació Salut i Envelliment, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nancy W Glynn
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Aging and Population Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adam J Santanasto
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Aging and Population Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Maria Ramoneda
- Fundació Salut i Envelliment, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria T Molins
- Intermediate Care Hospital, Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Av. Esteve Terrada No 30, 08023, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Coll-Planas
- Fundació Salut i Envelliment, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Vidal
- Catalan Board of Physical Therapists (ColFiCat), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco Inzitari
- Intermediate Care Hospital, Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Av. Esteve Terrada No 30, 08023, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Pérez LM, de Lucas B, Gálvez BG. Unhealthy Stem Cells: When Health Conditions Upset Stem Cell Properties. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 46:1999-2016. [PMID: 29723858 DOI: 10.1159/000489440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The stem cell field has grown very rapidly during the last decade, offering the promise of innovative therapies to treat disease. Different stem cell populations have been isolated from various human adult tissues, mainly from bone marrow and adipose tissue, but many other body tissues harbor a stem cell population. Adult tissue stem cells are invariably found in discrete microenvironments termed niches, where they play key roles in tissue homeostasis by enabling lifelong optimization of organ form and function. Some diseases are known to strike at the stem cell population, through alterations in their specific microenvironments, making them non-viable. Furthermore, it has been shown that a transformed stem cell population could prompt the development of certain cancers. This review focuses on the potential negative aspects of a range of diseases on the activity of stem cells and how their potential use in cell therapies may be affected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Pérez
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Lucas
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz G Gálvez
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Calle A, Onder G, Morandi A, Bellelli G, Ortolani E, Pérez LM, Mesas M, Sanniti A, Mazzanti P, Platto CN, Gentile S, Martinez N, Roquè M, Inzitari M. Frailty Related Factors as Predictors of Functional Recovery in Geriatric Rehabilitation: The Sarcopenia And Function in Aging Rehabilitation (SAFARI) Multi-Centric study. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22:1099-1106. [PMID: 30379309 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-018-1060-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty-related characteristics, such as sarcopenia, malnutrition and cognitive impairment, are often overlooked, both in clinical practice and research, as potential contributors to functional recovery during geriatric rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to identify frailty-related characteristics associated with functional recovery in a cohort of post-orthopedic surgery and post-stroke older adults. DESIGN Multi-centric cohort study. Participanst and Settings: Patients over 65 years, admitted to three geriatric rehabilitation units, in Spain and Italy, after an orthopedic event or a stroke, from December 2014 to May 2016. MEASUREMENTS The Absolute Functional Gain (AFG) defined as the difference between Barthel Index score at discharge and at admission, and the Relative Functional Gain (RFG) that represents the percentage of recovery of the function lost due to the event, were selected as outcomes. Both outcomes were analyzed as continuous and dichotomous variables. Analyses were also stratified as diagnostic at admission. RESULTS We enrolled 459 patients (mean age±SD=80.75±8.21 years), 66.2% women, 69.5% with orthopedic conditions and with a length of stay of 28.8±9.1 days. Admission after a stroke (Odds Ratio=0.36, 95% Confidence Interval=0.22-0.59]) and a better functional status at admission (OR=0.96, 95% CI=0.94-0.97), were associated with a lower likelihood of AFG, while a better pre-event Barthel index (OR=1.03 for each point in score, 95% CI=1.01-1.04), being able to walk (OR=2.07, 95% CI=1.16-3.70), and a better cognitive status at admission (OR=1.05, 95% CI=1.01-1.09), were associated with a higher chance of AFG. Post-stroke patients with delirium at admission had a re-duced chance of AFG (OR=0.25, 95% CI=0.07-0.91]). Patients admitted after an ortho-pedic event with better pre-event functional status (OR=1.04, 95% CI=1.02-1.06) and able to walk at admission (OR=2.79, 95% CI=1.29-6.03]) had an increased chance of AFG. Additionally, in both diagnostics groups, a better handgrip strength increased the chance of RFG. CONCLUSIONS Among frailty-related variables, physical, cognitive and muscular function at admission could be relevant for functional improvement during geriatric reha-bilitation. If confirmed, this data might orient targeted interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Calle
- Alicia Calle, MD, Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Esteve Terradas Nº30, 08023 Barcelona, Spain, Tel: +34 932594102, E-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Cell migration is an essential process throughout the life of vertebrates, beginning during embryonic development and continuing throughout adulthood. Stem cells have an inherent ability to migrate, that is as important as their capacity for self‐renewal and differentiation, enabling them to maintain tissue homoeostasis and mediate repair and regeneration. Adult stem cells reside in specific tissue niches, where they remain in a quiescent state until called upon and activated by tissue environmental signals. Cell migration is a highly regulated process that involves the integration of intrinsic signals from the niche and extrinsic factors. Studies using three‐dimensional in vitro models have revealed the astonishing plasticity of cells in terms of the migration modes employed in response to changes in the microenvironment. These same properties can, however, be subverted during the development of some pathologies such as cancer. In this review, we describe the response of adult stem cells to migratory stimuli and the mechanisms by which they sense and transduce intracellular signals involved in migratory processes. Understanding the molecular events underlying migration may help develop therapeutic strategies for regenerative medicine and to treat diseases with a cell migration component.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz de Lucas
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital, 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura M Pérez
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital, 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz G Gálvez
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital, 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Fiuza-Luces C, Nogales-Gadea G, García-Consuegra I, Pareja-Galeano H, Rufián-Vázquez L, Pérez LM, Andreu AL, Arenas J, Martín MA, Pinós T, Lucia A, Morán M. Muscle Signaling in Exercise Intolerance: Insights from the McArdle Mouse Model. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017; 48:1448-58. [PMID: 27031745 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000000931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We recently generated a knock-in mouse model (PYGM p.R50X/p.R50X) of the McArdle disease (myophosphorylase deficiency). One mechanistic approach to unveil the molecular alterations caused by myophosphorylase deficiency, which is arguably the paradigm of "exercise intolerance," is to compare the skeletal muscle tissue of McArdle, heterozygous, and healthy (wild-type [wt]) mice. METHODS We analyzed in quadriceps muscle of p.R50X/p.R50X (n = 4), p.R50X/wt (n = 6), and wt/wt mice (n = 5) (all male, 8 wk old) molecular markers of energy-sensing pathways, oxidative phosphorylation and autophagy/proteasome systems, oxidative damage, and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca handling. RESULTS We found a significant group effect for total adenosine monophosphate-(AMP)-activated protein kinase (tAMPK) and ratio of phosphorylated (pAMPK)/tAMPK (P = 0.012 and 0.033), with higher mean values in p.R50X/p.R50X mice versus the other two groups. The absence of a massive accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, autophagosomes, or lysosomes in p.R50X/p.R50X mice suggested no major alterations in autophagy/proteasome systems. Citrate synthase activity was lower in p.R50X/p.R50X mice versus the other two groups (P = 0.036), but no statistical effect existed for respiratory chain complexes. We found higher levels of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-modified proteins in p.R50X/p.R50X and p.R50X/wt mice compared with the wt/wt group (P = 0.011). Sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum ATPase 1 levels detected at 110 kDa tended to be higher in p.R50X/p.R50X and p.R50X/wt mice compared with wt/wt animals (P = 0.076), but their enzyme activity was normal. We also found an accumulation of phosphorylated sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum ATPase 1 in p.R50X/p.R50X animals. CONCLUSION Myophosphorylase deficiency causes alterations in sensory energetic pathways together with some evidence of oxidative damage and alterations in Ca handling but with no major alterations in oxidative phosphorylation capacity or autophagy/ubiquitination pathways, which suggests that the muscle tissue of patients is likely to adapt overall favorably to exercise training interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Fiuza-Luces
- 1Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory and "MITOLAB-CM," Research Institute of Hospital "12 de Octubre" ("i + 12"), Madrid, SPAIN; 2Neuromuscular and Neuropediatric Research Group, Neurosciences Department, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute and Campus Can Ruti, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, SPAIN; 3Department of Research and Doctorate Studies, European University, Madrid, SPAIN; 4Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Pathology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Research Institute (VHIR), Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SPAIN; and 5Spanish Network for Biomedical Research in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), U723, Madrid, SPAIN
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Pérez LM, de Lucas B, Lunyak VV, Gálvez BG. Adipose stem cells from obese patients show specific differences in the metabolic regulators vitamin D and Gas5. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2017; 12:51-56. [PMID: 28580301 PMCID: PMC5447652 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a significant source of mesenchymal stem cells for regenerative therapies; however, caution should be taken as their environmental niche can affect their functional properties. We have previously demonstrated the negative impact of obesity on the function of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). Here we have evaluated other possible properties and targets that are altered by obesity such as the recently described long non-coding molecule Gas5, which is involved in glucocorticoid resistance. Using ASCs isolated from obese (oASCs) and control subjects (cASCs), we have analyzed additional metabolic and inflammatory conditions that could be related with their impaired therapeutic potential and consequently their possible usefulness in the clinic. Altered genetic and metabolic targets by obesity in adipose stem cells population Gas5 involved in glucocorticoid resistance such as altered target Additional metabolic and inflammation conditions on obese adipose stem cells
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Pérez
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Lucas
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz G Gálvez
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Isella A, Guidi G, Testi L, Liu S, Li H, Li S, Weaver E, Boehler Y, Carperter JM, De Gregorio-Monsalvo I, Manara CF, Natta A, Pérez LM, Ricci L, Sargent A, Tazzari M, Turner N. Ringed Structures of the HD 163296 Protoplanetary Disk Revealed by ALMA. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:251101. [PMID: 28036197 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.251101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present Atacama Large Millimeter and Submillimeter Array observations of the protoplanetary disk around the Herbig Ae star HD 163296 that trace the spatial distribution of millimeter-sized particles and cold molecular gas on spatial scales as small as 25 astronomical units (A.U.). The image of the disk recorded in the 1.3 mm continuum emission reveals three dark concentric rings that indicate the presence of dust depleted gaps at about 60, 100, and 160 A.U. from the central star. The maps of the ^{12}CO, ^{13}CO, and C^{18}O J=2-1 emission do not show such structures but reveal a change in the slope of the radial intensity profile across the positions of the dark rings in the continuum image. By comparing the observations with theoretical models for the disk emission, we find that the density of CO molecules is reduced inside the middle and outer dust gaps. However, in the inner ring there is no evidence of CO depletion. From the measurements of the dust and gas densities, we deduce that the gas-to-dust ratio varies across the disk and, in particular, it increases by at least a factor 5 within the inner dust gap compared to adjacent regions of the disk. The depletion of both dust and gas suggests that the middle and outer rings could be due to the gravitational torque exerted by two Saturn-mass planets orbiting at 100 and 160 A.U. from the star. On the other hand, the inner dust gap could result from dust accumulation at the edge of a magnetorotational instability dead zone, or from dust opacity variations at the edge of the CO frost line. Observations of the dust emission at higher angular resolution and of molecules that probe dense gas are required to establish more precisely the origins of the dark rings observed in the HD 163296 disk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Isella
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, MS-108, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Greta Guidi
- INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, I-50125 Firenze, Italy
| | - Leonardo Testi
- INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, I-50125 Firenze, Italy
- ESO, Karl Schwarzschild str. 2, 85748 Garching bei Mnchen, Germany
| | - Shangfei Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, MS-108, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Shengtai Li
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Erik Weaver
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, MS-108, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Yann Boehler
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, MS-108, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - John M Carperter
- Joint ALMA Observatory (JAO), Alonso de Cordova 3107 Vitacura, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | | | - Carlo F Manara
- Scientific Support Office, Directorate of Science, European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESA/ESTEC), Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands
| | - Antonella Natta
- INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, I-50125 Firenze, Italy
- School of Cosmic Physics, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 31 Fitzwilliams Place, 2 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Laura M Pérez
- Max-Planck-Institut fr Radioastronomie Bonn, auf dem Hgel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Luca Ricci
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Anneila Sargent
- Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Marco Tazzari
- ESO, Karl Schwarzschild str. 2, 85748 Garching bei Mnchen, Germany
| | - Neal Turner
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
Although low- to moderate-intensity exercise has well-known cardiovascular benefits, it has been increasingly suggested that prolonged strenuous endurance exercise (SEE) could have potential deleterious cardiac effects. In effect, the term 'cardiac overuse injury' (or 'over-exercise') has been recently reported to group all the possible deleterious cardiac consequences of repeated exposure to SEE or 'over-exercise'. In this article, we provide a balanced overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the 'pros' and 'cons' of SEE from a cardiological point of view.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Sanchis-Gomar
- Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre ('i+12'), Edificio Actividades Ambulatorias, 6ª Planta, Avda. de Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Laura M Pérez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Herbert Löllgen
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA) and German Federation of Sports Medicine, Remscheid, Germany
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre ('i+12'), Edificio Actividades Ambulatorias, 6ª Planta, Avda. de Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain.,European University, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Pérez LM, Inzitari M, Quinn TJ, Montaner J, Gavaldà R, Duarte E, Coll-Planas L, Cerdà M, Santaeugenia S, Closa C, Gallofré M. Rehabilitation Profiles of Older Adult Stroke Survivors Admitted to Intermediate Care Units: A Multi-Centre Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166304. [PMID: 27829011 PMCID: PMC5102428 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is a major cause of disability in older adults, but the evidence around post-acute treatment is limited and heterogeneous. We aimed to identify profiles of older adult stroke survivors admitted to intermediate care geriatric rehabilitation units. METHODS We performed a cohort study, enrolling stroke survivors aged 65 years or older, admitted to 9 intermediate care units in Catalonia-Spain. To identify potential profiles, we included age, caregiver presence, comorbidity, pre-stroke and post-stroke disability, cognitive impairment and stroke severity in a cluster analysis. We also proposed a practical decision tree for patient's classification in clinical practice. We analyzed differences between profiles in functional improvement (Barthel index), relative functional gain (Montebello index), length of hospital stay (LOS), rehabilitation efficiency (functional improvement by LOS), and new institutionalization using multivariable regression models (for continuous and dichotomous outcomes). RESULTS Among 384 patients (79.1±7.9 years, 50.8% women), we identified 3 complexity profiles: a) Lower Complexity with Caregiver (LCC), b) Moderate Complexity without Caregiver (MCN), and c) Higher Complexity with Caregiver (HCC). The decision tree showed high agreement with cluster analysis (96.6%). Using either linear (continuous outcomes) or logistic regression, both LCC and MCN, compared to HCC, showed statistically significant higher chances of functional improvement (OR = 4.68, 95%CI = 2.54-8.63 and OR = 3.0, 95%CI = 1.52-5.87, respectively, for Barthel index improvement ≥20), relative functional gain (OR = 4.41, 95%CI = 1.81-10.75 and OR = 3.45, 95%CI = 1.31-9.04, respectively, for top Vs lower tertiles), and rehabilitation efficiency (OR = 7.88, 95%CI = 3.65-17.03 and OR = 3.87, 95%CI = 1.69-8.89, respectively, for top Vs lower tertiles). In relation to LOS, MCN cluster had lower chance of shorter LOS than LCC (OR = 0.41, 95%CI = 0.23-0.75) and HCC (OR = 0.37, 95%CI = 0.19-0.73), for LOS lower Vs higher tertiles. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that post-stroke rehabilitation profiles could be identified using routine assessment tools and showed differential recovery. If confirmed, these findings might help to develop tailored interventions to optimize recovery of older stroke patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Pérez
- Convalescence and Rehabilitation Unit, Hospital Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Marco Inzitari
- Convalescence and Rehabilitation Unit, Hospital Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Terence J. Quinn
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Joan Montaner
- Neurology Department, Neurovascular Research Laboratory (VHIR), Vall D´Hebrón Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricard Gavaldà
- Department of Computer Science, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Duarte
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Coll-Planas
- Fundació Salut i Envillement, Universitàt Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Cerdà
- Catalan Healthcare Service, Government of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastià Santaeugenia
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Palliative Care, Badalona Serveis Assistencials, Badalona, Spain
| | - Conxita Closa
- Rehabilitation Department, Corporación Fisiogestión, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Gallofré
- Pla Director Malaltia Vascular Cerebral, Department of Health, Government of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Pérez LM, Carpenter JM, Andrews SM, Ricci L, Isella A, Linz H, Sargent AI, Wilner DJ, Henning T, Deller AT, Chandler CJ, Dullemond CP, Lazio J, Menten KM, Corder SA, Storm S, Testi L, Tazzari M, Kwon W, Calvet N, Greaves JS, Harris RJ, Mundy LG. Spiral density waves in a young protoplanetary disk. Science 2016; 353:1519-1521. [PMID: 27708098 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf8296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Gravitational forces are expected to excite spiral density waves in protoplanetary disks, disks of gas and dust orbiting young stars. However, previous observations that showed spiral structure were not able to probe disk midplanes, where most of the mass is concentrated and where planet formation takes place. Using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, we detected a pair of trailing symmetric spiral arms in the protoplanetary disk surrounding the young star Elias 2-27. The arms extend to the disk outer regions and can be traced down to the midplane. These millimeter-wave observations also reveal an emission gap closer to the star than the spiral arms. We argue that the observed spirals trace shocks of spiral density waves in the midplane of this young disk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Pérez
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - John M Carpenter
- Joint Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Observatory, Avenida Alonso de Córdova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sean M Andrews
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Luca Ricci
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Andrea Isella
- Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Hendrik Linz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anneila I Sargent
- California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - David J Wilner
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Thomas Henning
- Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adam T Deller
- Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), 7990-AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands
| | - Claire J Chandler
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Post Office Box O, Socorro, NM 87801, USA
| | - Cornelis P Dullemond
- Heidelberg University, Center for Astronomy, Albert Ueberle Strasse 2, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joseph Lazio
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91106, USA
| | - Karl M Menten
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stuartt A Corder
- Joint Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Observatory, Avenida Alonso de Córdova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile
| | - Shaye Storm
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Leonardo Testi
- European Southern Observatory, Karl Schwarzschild Strasse. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125 Firenze, Italy
| | - Marco Tazzari
- European Southern Observatory, Karl Schwarzschild Strasse. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Woojin Kwon
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, 776 Daedeokdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea. Korea University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Nuria Calvet
- University of Michigan, 830 Dennison Building, 500 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jane S Greaves
- Cardiff University, School of Physics and Astronomy, 4 The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK
| | - Robert J Harris
- University of Illinois, 1002 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Lee G Mundy
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Niu P, Smagul A, Wang L, Sadvakas A, Sha Y, Pérez LM, Nussupbekova A, Amirbekov A, Akanov AA, Gálvez BG, Jordan IK, Lunyak VV. Transcriptional profiling of interleukin-2-primed human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells revealed dramatic changes in stem cells response imposed by replicative senescence. Oncotarget 2016; 6:17938-57. [PMID: 26255627 PMCID: PMC4627227 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a double-edged sword with both detrimental and beneficial consequences. Understanding of the mechanisms of crosstalk between the inflammatory milieu and human adult mesenchymal stem cells is an important basis for clinical efforts. Here, we investigate changes in the transcriptional response of human adipose-derived stem cells to physiologically relevant levels of IL-2 (IL-2 priming) upon replicative senescence. Our data suggest that replicative senescence might dramatically impede human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) function via global transcriptional deregulation in response to IL-2. We uncovered a novel senescence-associated transcriptional signature in human adipose-derived MSCs hADSCs after exposure to pro-inflammatory environment: significant enhancement of the expression of the genes encoding potent growth factors and cytokines with anti-inflammatory and migration-promoting properties, as well as genes encoding angiogenic and anti-apoptotic promoting factors, all of which could participate in the establishment of a unique microenvironment. We observed transcriptional up-regulation of critical components of the nitric oxide synthase pathway (iNOS) in hADSCs upon replicative senescence suggesting, that senescent stem cells can acquire metastasis-promoting properties via stem cell-mediated immunosuppression. Our study highlights the importance of age as a factor when designing cell-based or pharmacological therapies for older patients and predicts measurable biomarkers characteristic of an environment that is conducive to cancer cells invasiveness and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Niu
- Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aibek Smagul
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Aiman Sadvakas
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Ying Sha
- School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Laura M Pérez
- Cardiac Development and Repair Department, National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aliya Nussupbekova
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Aday Amirbekov
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Akan A Akanov
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Beatriz G Gálvez
- Cardiac Development and Repair Department, National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - I King Jordan
- School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.,PanAmerican Bioinformatics Institute, Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Pérez LM, Pareja-Galeano H, Sanchis-Gomar F, Emanuele E, Lucia A, Gálvez BG. 'Adipaging': ageing and obesity share biological hallmarks related to a dysfunctional adipose tissue. J Physiol 2016; 594:3187-207. [PMID: 26926488 DOI: 10.1113/jp271691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing ageing of our societies is accompanied by a pandemic of obesity and related cardiometabolic disorders. Progressive dysfunction of the white adipose tissue is increasingly recognized as an important hallmark of the ageing process, which in turn contributes to metabolic alterations, multi-organ damage and a systemic pro-inflammatory state ('inflammageing'). On the other hand, obesity, the paradigm of adipose tissue dysfunction, shares numerous biological similarities with the normal ageing process such as chronic inflammation and multi-system alterations. Accordingly, understanding the interplay between accelerated ageing related to obesity and adipose tissue dysfunction is critical to gain insight into the ageing process in general as well as into the pathophysiology of obesity and other related conditions. Here we postulate the concept of 'adipaging' to illustrate the common links between ageing and obesity and the fact that, to a great extent, obese adults are prematurely aged individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Pérez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Helios Pareja-Galeano
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, Spain.,Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre ('i+12'), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Alejandro Lucia
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, Spain.,Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre ('i+12'), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz G Gálvez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Universidad Europea de Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Pareja-Galeano H, Sanchis-Gomar F, Pérez LM, Emanuele E, Lucia A, Gálvez BG, Gallardo ME. iPSCs-based anti-aging therapies: Recent discoveries and future challenges. Ageing Res Rev 2016; 27:37-41. [PMID: 26921478 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The main biological hallmarks of the aging process include stem cell exhaustion and cellular senescence. Consequently, research efforts to treat age-related diseases as well as anti-aging therapies in general have recently focused on potential 'reprogramming' regenerative therapies. These new approaches are based on induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), including potential in vivo reprogramming for tissue repair. Another possibility is targeting pathways of cellular senescence, e.g., through modulation of p16INK4a signaling and especially inhibition of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). Here, we reviewed and discussed these recent developments together with their possible usefulness for future treatments against sarcopenia, a major age-related condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helios Pareja-Galeano
- European University of Madrid, Spain; Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre ("i+12"), Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Laura M Pérez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alejandro Lucia
- European University of Madrid, Spain; Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre ("i+12"), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz G Gálvez
- European University of Madrid, Spain; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Esther Gallardo
- Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre ("i+12"), Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (UAM-CSIC) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERER), Spain
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
de Lucas B, Bernal A, M. Pérez L, San Martín N, Gálvez BG. Membrane Blebbing Is Required for Mesenchymal Precursor Migration. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150004. [PMID: 26930466 PMCID: PMC4773234 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal precursors (MPs) present some advantageous features, such as differentiation and migration, which make them promising candidates for cell therapy. A better understanding of MP migration characteristics would aid the development of cell delivery protocols. Traditionally, cell migration is thought to occur only through the formation of lamellipodia. More recently, contractility-driven bleb formation has emerged as an alternative mechanism of motility. Here we report that MPs derived from different tissues present spontaneously dynamic cytoplasmic projections in sub-confluent culture, which appear as a combination of lamellipodia with blebs in the leading edge. Upon initial seeding, however, only bleb structures could be observed. Immunofluorescence revealed the presence of pERM, RhoA and F-actin during the blebbing process. Results from migration assays in the presence of blebbistatin, a myosin II inhibitor, showed that bleb formation correlated with migratory capacity, suggesting a functional role for blebs in migration. Bleb formation might be a useful mechanism to improve cell migration in cellular therapy protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz de Lucas
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Europea (UE), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurora Bernal
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria San Martín
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz G. Gálvez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Europea (UE), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Pérez LM, Suárez J, Bernal A, de Lucas B, San Martin N, Gálvez BG. Obesity-driven alterations in adipose-derived stem cells are partially restored by weight loss. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2016; 24:661-9. [PMID: 26833860 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The therapeutic potential of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) is reduced by various stress-inducing conditions that affect tissue homeostasis such as diabetes, aging, and obesity. Previous works have provided evidence of negative effects of obesity on ASC populations, but it is unclear whether this persists after a weight loss. This study evaluated whether weight loss can restore the attenuated properties found in ASCs derived from populations with obesity (oASCs). METHODS In vitro functional analyses were performed to investigate the possible recovery properties in mouse oASCs. Using ASCs isolated from subcutaneous tissue from formerly obese mice (dASCs) and control mice (cASCs), cell proliferation, viability, and some regenerative properties in these cells were analyzed compared with oASCs to evaluate the functional cell state. RESULTS Cell proliferation, viability, and some regenerative properties are strengthened in dASCs and cASCs compared with oASCs. Nevertheless, metabolic analysis reveals a mitochondrial load misbalance and function leading to impaired respiration in dASCs. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that an initial obese environment triggers a detrimental state in ASCs that is not completely recovered after weight loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Pérez
- Cardiac Development and Repair Department, Centro Nacional De Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Suárez
- Cardiac Development and Repair Department, Centro Nacional De Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurora Bernal
- Cardiac Development and Repair Department, Centro Nacional De Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Lucas
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria San Martin
- Cardiac Development and Repair Department, Centro Nacional De Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz G Gálvez
- Cardiac Development and Repair Department, Centro Nacional De Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- School of Doctorate and Research, European University, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Pérez LM, Bernal A, de Lucas B, San Martin N, Mastrangelo A, García A, Barbas C, Gálvez BG. Altered metabolic and stemness capacity of adipose tissue-derived stem cells from obese mouse and human. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123397. [PMID: 25875023 PMCID: PMC4395137 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose stem cells (ASCs) are an appealing source of cells for therapeutic intervention; however, the environment from which ASCs are isolated may impact their usefulness. Using a range of functional assays, we have evaluated whether ASCs isolated from an obese environment are comparable to cells from non-obese adipose tissue. Results showed that ASCs isolated from obese tissue have a reduced proliferative ability and a loss of viability together with changes in telomerase activity and DNA telomere length, suggesting a decreased self-renewal capacity. Metabolic analysis demonstrated that mitochondrial content and function was impaired in obese-derived ASCs resulting in changes in favored oxidative substrates. These findings highlight the impact of obesity on adult stem properties. Hence, caution should be exercised when considering the source of ASCs for cellular therapies since their therapeutic potential may be impaired.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Pérez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurora Bernal
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Lucas
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria San Martin
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Beatriz G. Gálvez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Europea de Madrid (UEM), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|