1751
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Ahluwalia A, Jones MK, Brzozowski T, Tarnawski AS. Nerve growth factor is critical requirement for in vitro angiogenesis in gastric endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2016; 311:G981-G987. [PMID: 27742705 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00334.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is critical for the healing of gastric mucosal injury and is considered to be primarily regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the fundamental proangiogenic factor. The role of nerve growth factor (NGF) in gastric angiogenesis is unknown. We examined the expression of NGF and its TrkA receptor in endothelial cells (ECs) isolated from gastric mucosa of rats (GMECs), the effect of NGF treatment on in vitro angiogenesis in GMECs, and, the mechanisms underlying NGF's proangiogenic actions. Isolated GMECs from Fisher rats were treated with vehicle, NGF (10-1,000 ng/ml), VEGF (20 ng/ml), or NGF+VEGF. To determine whether and to what extent NGF is critical for angiogenesis in GMECs, we silenced NGF expression using specific siRNA and examined in vitro angiogenesis with and without treatment with exogenous NGF and/or VEGF. Treatment of GMECs with NGF significantly increased in vitro angiogenesis similar to that seen in GMECs treated with VEGF. Silencing of NGF in GMECs abolished angiogenesis, and this effect was reversed only by exogenous NGF but not VEGF, which indicates a direct proangiogenic action of NGF on GMECs that is, at least in part, distinct and independent of VEGF. NGF's proangiogenic action on GMECs was mediated via PI3-K/Akt signaling. This study showed for the first time that gastric mucosal ECs express NGF and its receptor TrkA and that NGF is critical for angiogenesis in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Ahluwalia
- Medical and Research Services, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, California, and the Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California; and
| | - Michael K Jones
- Medical and Research Services, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, California, and the Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California; and
| | | | - Andrzej S Tarnawski
- Medical and Research Services, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, California, and the Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California; and
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1752
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Das S, Baker AB. Biomaterials and Nanotherapeutics for Enhancing Skin Wound Healing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2016; 4:82. [PMID: 27843895 PMCID: PMC5087310 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2016.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is an intricate process that requires complex coordination between many cell types and an appropriate extracellular microenvironment. Chronic wounds often suffer from high protease activity, persistent infection, excess inflammation, and hypoxia. While there has been intense investigation to find new methods to improve cutaneous wound care, the management of chronic wounds, burns, and skin wound infection remain challenging clinical problems. Ideally, advanced wound dressings can provide enhanced healing and bridge the gaps in the healing processes that prevent chronic wounds from healing. These technologies have great potential for improving outcomes in patients with poorly healing wounds but face significant barriers in addressing the heterogeneity and clinical complexity of chronic or severe wounds. Active wound dressings aim to enhance the natural healing process and work to counter many aspects that plague poorly healing wounds, including excessive inflammation, ischemia, scarring, and wound infection. This review paper discusses recent advances in the development of biomaterials and nanoparticle therapeutics to enhance wound healing. In particular, this review focuses on the novel cutaneous wound treatments that have undergone significant preclinical development or are currently used in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhamoy Das
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX , USA
| | - Aaron B Baker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Regenerative Medicine, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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1753
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Xie J, Yao B, Han Y, Huang S, Fu X. Skin appendage-derived stem cells: cell biology and potential for wound repair. BURNS & TRAUMA 2016; 4:38. [PMID: 27800498 PMCID: PMC5082359 DOI: 10.1186/s41038-016-0064-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells residing in the epidermis and skin appendages are imperative for skin homeostasis and regeneration. These stem cells also participate in the repair of the epidermis after injuries, inducing restoration of tissue integrity and function of damaged tissue. Unlike epidermis-derived stem cells, comprehensive knowledge about skin appendage-derived stem cells remains limited. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of skin appendage-derived stem cells, including their fundamental characteristics, their preferentially expressed biomarkers, and their potential contribution involved in wound repair. Finally, we will also discuss current strategies, future applications, and limitations of these stem cells, attempting to provide some perspectives on optimizing the available therapy in cutaneous repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangfan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration of PLA, and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, First Hospital Affiliated to General Hospital of PLA, 51 Fu Cheng Road, Beijing, 100048 People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yao
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration of PLA, and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, First Hospital Affiliated to General Hospital of PLA, 51 Fu Cheng Road, Beijing, 100048 People's Republic of China ; School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300052 People's Republic of China
| | - Yutong Han
- Graduate School of the Second Teaching Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration of PLA, and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, First Hospital Affiliated to General Hospital of PLA, 51 Fu Cheng Road, Beijing, 100048 People's Republic of China ; Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100853 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration of PLA, and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, First Hospital Affiliated to General Hospital of PLA, 51 Fu Cheng Road, Beijing, 100048 People's Republic of China ; Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100853 People's Republic of China
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1754
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Rodrigues HG, Vinolo MAR, Sato FT, Magdalon J, Kuhl CMC, Yamagata AS, Pessoa AFM, Malheiros G, dos Santos MF, Lima C, Farsky SH, Camara NOS, Williner MR, Bernal CA, Calder PC, Curi R. Oral Administration of Linoleic Acid Induces New Vessel Formation and Improves Skin Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165115. [PMID: 27764229 PMCID: PMC5072690 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Impaired wound healing has been widely reported in diabetes. Linoleic acid (LA) accelerates the skin wound healing process in non-diabetic rats. However, LA has not been tested in diabetic animals. Objectives We investigated whether oral administration of pure LA improves wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods Dorsal wounds were induced in streptozotocin-induced type-1 diabetic rats treated or not with LA (0.22 g/kg b.w.) for 10 days. Wound closure was daily assessed for two weeks. Wound tissues were collected at specific time-points and used to measure fatty acid composition, and contents of cytokines, growth factors and eicosanoids. Histological and qPCR analyses were employed to examine the dynamics of cell migration during the healing process. Results LA reduced the wound area 14 days after wound induction. LA also increased the concentrations of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemotaxis (CINC-2αβ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and reduced the expression of macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1). These results together with the histological analysis, which showed accumulation of leukocytes in the wound early in the healing process, indicate that LA brought forward the inflammatory phase and improved wound healing in diabetic rats. Angiogenesis was induced by LA through elevation in tissue content of key mediators of this process: vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT-2). Conclusions Oral administration of LA hastened wound closure in diabetic rats by improving the inflammatory phase and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosana G. Rodrigues
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Marco A. R. Vinolo
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fabio T. Sato
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Juliana Magdalon
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ana S. Yamagata
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia M. Pessoa
- Cell and Developmental Biology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Malheiros
- Cell and Developmental Biology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marinilce F. dos Santos
- Cell and Developmental Biology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Lima
- Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra H. Farsky
- Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Niels O. S. Camara
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria R. Williner
- Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Litoral, Santa Fé, Argentina
| | - Claudio A. Bernal
- Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, National University of Litoral, Santa Fé, Argentina
| | - Philip C. Calder
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Rui Curi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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1755
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Li M, Ke QF, Tao SC, Guo SC, Rui BY, Guo YP. Fabrication of hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite hydrogels loaded with exosomes derived from miR-126-3p overexpressed synovial mesenchymal stem cells for diabetic chronic wound healing. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:6830-6841. [PMID: 32263577 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01560c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The exploration of an effective diabetic chronic wound healing process still remains a great challenge. Herein, we used gene overexpression technology to obtain synovial mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) and the miR-126-3p highly expressed SMSCs (SMSCs-126). The exosomes derived from miR-126-3p overexpressed SMSCs (SMSCs-126-Exos) with a particle size of 85 nm were encapsulated in hydroxyapatite/chitosan (HAP-CS) composite hydrogels (HAP-CS-SMSCs-126-Exos) as wound dressings. The SMSCs-126-Exos, CS and low-crystallinity HAP nanorods with a length of 200 nm and a diameter of 50 nm are uniformly dispersed within the whole composite hydrogel. The HAP-CS-SMSCs-126-Exos possess the controlled release property of SMSCs-126-Exos for at least 6 days. The released SMSCs-126-Exos nanoparticles stimulate the proliferation and migration of human dermal fibroblasts and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). At the same time, the migration and capillary-network formation of HMEC-1 are promoted through the activation of MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT. In vivo tests demonstrate that the HAP-CS-SMSCs-126-Exos successfully promote wound surface re-epithelialization, accelerate angiogenesis, and expedite collagen maturity due to the presence of HAP, CS and SMSCs-126-Exos. Therefore, the HAP-CS-SMSCs-126-Exos possess great potential application for diabetic chronic wound healing, and especially provide the possibility of using exosomes derived from modified cells as a new approach to bring wonderful functionality and controllability in future chronic wound therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
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1756
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Insulin and TOR signal in parallel through FOXO and S6K to promote epithelial wound healing. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12972. [PMID: 27713427 PMCID: PMC5059774 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The TOR and Insulin/IGF signalling (IIS) network controls growth, metabolism and ageing. Although reducing TOR or insulin signalling can be beneficial for ageing, it can be detrimental for wound healing, but the reasons for this difference are unknown. Here we show that IIS is activated in the cells surrounding an epidermal wound in Drosophila melanogaster larvae, resulting in PI3K activation and redistribution of the transcription factor FOXO. Insulin and TOR signalling are independently necessary for normal wound healing, with FOXO and S6K as their respective effectors. IIS is specifically required in cells surrounding the wound, and the effect is independent of glycogen metabolism. Insulin signalling is needed for the efficient assembly of an actomyosin cable around the wound, and constitutively active myosin II regulatory light chain suppresses the effects of reduced IIS. These findings may have implications for the role of insulin signalling and FOXO activation in diabetic wound healing.
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1757
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Duke JM, Randall SM, Fear MW, Boyd JH, Rea S, Wood FM. Respiratory Morbidity After Childhood Burns: A 10-Year Follow-up Study. Pediatrics 2016; 138:peds.2016-1658. [PMID: 27664086 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-1658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The systemic responses triggered by burns and resuscitative measures may cause pulmonary damage and edema in the acute phase. These effects may occur in the absence of inhalation injury. Currently, there is a paucity of data on the recovery of the respiratory system postburn. This study aimed to examine 10-year hospital service use for respiratory morbidity in children with cutaneous burns and no smoke inhalation injury. METHODS A population-based longitudinal study with 10-year follow-up using linked hospital and death from Western Australia for children <5 years when hospitalized for a first burn injury (n = 5290) between 1980 and 2012 and a frequency matched noninjury comparison cohort, randomly selected from Western Australia's birth registrations (n = 27 061). Multivariate negative binomial and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to generate adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRR) and hazard ratios, respectively. RESULTS After adjustment for demographic factors and preexisting health status, the burn cohort had higher rates of admissions for influenza and viral pneumonia (IRR, 1.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-2.87), bacterial pneumonia (IRR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.06-1.70), and other respiratory infections (IRR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.43-1.90. No significant difference was found for other upper respiratory tract conditions (IRR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.98-1.23) or chronic lower respiratory diseases (IRR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.80-1.23) compared with the uninjured cohort. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrated increased respiratory infection admissions after burns. These outcomes suggest that immune changes triggered by a burn injury may persist in some children for at least 10 years after wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine M Duke
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia;
| | - Sean M Randall
- Centre for Data Linkage, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; and
| | - Mark W Fear
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - James H Boyd
- Centre for Data Linkage, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; and
| | - Suzanne Rea
- Burns Service of Western Australia, Fiona Stanley Hospital and Princess Margaret Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fiona M Wood
- Burns Service of Western Australia, Fiona Stanley Hospital and Princess Margaret Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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1758
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Wang X, Tang P, Guo F, Zhang M, Chen Y, Yan Y, Tian Z, Xu P, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang L. RhoA regulates Activin B-induced stress fiber formation and migration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell through distinct signaling. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1861:3011-3018. [PMID: 27693126 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In our previous study, Activin B induced actin stress fiber formation and cell migration in Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well studied. RhoA is recognized to play a critical role in the regulation of actomyosin cytoskeletal organization and cell migration. METHODS Pull-down assay was performed to investigate the activity of RhoA. The dominant-negative mutants of RhoA (RhoA(N19)) was used to determine whether RhoA has a role in Activin B-induced cytoskeleton organization and cell migration in BMSCs. Cytoskeleton organization was examined by fluorescence Rhodamine-phalloidin staining, and cell migration by transwell and cell scratching assay. Western blot was carried out to investigate downstream signaling cascade of RhoA. Inhibitor and siRNAs were used to detect the role of downstream signaling in stress fiber formation and/or cell migration. RESULTS RhoA was activated by Activin B in BMSCs. RhoA(N19) blocked Activin B-induced stress fiber formation and cell migration. ROCK inhibitor blocked Activin B-induced stress fiber formation but enhanced BMSCs migration. Activin B induced phosphorylation of LIMK2 and Cofilin, which was abolished by ROCK inhibition. Both of siRNA LIMK2 and siRNA Cofilin inhibited Activin B-induced stress fiber formation. CONCLUSIONS RhoA regulates Activin B-induced stress fiber formation and migration of BMSCs. A RhoA-ROCK-LIMK2-Cofilin signaling node exists and regulates actin stress fiber formation. RhoA regulates Activin B-induced cell migration independent of ROCK. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of BMSCs migration will help optimize therapeutic strategy to target BMSCs at injured tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueer Wang
- Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering of Guangdong Province, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Pei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering of Guangdong Province, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fukun Guo
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Children's Hospital Research Foundation, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering of Guangdong Province, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yinghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering of Guangdong Province, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering of Guangdong Province, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhihui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering of Guangdong Province, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Pengcheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering of Guangdong Province, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering of Guangdong Province, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering of Guangdong Province, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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1759
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2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) increases necroinflammation and hepatic stellate cell activation but does not exacerbate experimental liver fibrosis in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 311:42-51. [PMID: 27693115 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a persistent environmental contaminant and high-affinity ligand for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Increasing evidence indicates that AhR signaling contributes to wound healing, which involves the coordinated deposition and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. In the liver, wound healing is attributed to the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which mediate fibrogenesis through the production of soluble mediators and collagen type I. We recently reported that TCDD treatment increases the activation of human HSCs in vitro. The goal of this study was to determine how TCDD impacts HSC activation in vivo using a mouse model of experimental liver fibrosis. To elicit fibrosis, C57BL6/male mice were treated twice weekly for 8weeks with 0.5ml/kg carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). TCDD (20μg/kg) or peanut oil (vehicle) was administered once a week during the last 2weeks. Results indicate that TCDD increased liver-body-weight ratios, serum alanine aminotransferase activity, and hepatic necroinflammation in CCl4-treated mice. Likewise, TCDD treatment increased mRNA expression of HSC activation and fibrogenesis genes, namely α-smooth muscle actin, desmin, delta-like homolog-1, TGF-β1, and collagen type I. However, TCDD treatment did not exacerbate fibrosis, nor did it increase the collagen content of the liver. Instead, TCDD increased hepatic collagenase activity and increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 and the matrix regulatory proteins, TIMP-1 and PAI-1. These results support the conclusion that TCDD increases CCl4-induced liver damage and exacerbates HSC activation, yet collagen deposition and the development of fibrosis may be limited by TCDD-mediated changes in extracellular matrix remodeling.
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1760
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Zheng Z, Zhang X, Dang C, Beanes S, Chang GX, Chen Y, Li CS, Lee KS, Ting K, Soo C. Fibromodulin Is Essential for Fetal-Type Scarless Cutaneous Wound Healing. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:2824-2832. [PMID: 27665369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to adult and late-gestation fetal skin wounds, which heal with scar, early-gestation fetal skin wounds display a remarkable capacity to heal scarlessly. Although the underlying mechanism of this transition from fetal-type scarless healing to adult-type healing with scar has been actively investigated for decades, in utero restoration of scarless healing in late-gestation fetal wounds has not been reported. In this study, using loss- and gain-of-function rodent fetal wound models, we identified that fibromodulin (Fm) is essential for fetal-type scarless wound healing. In particular, we found that loss of Fm can eliminate the ability of early-gestation fetal rodents to heal without scar. Meanwhile, administration of fibromodulin protein (FM) alone was capable of restoring scarless healing in late-gestation rat fetal wounds, which naturally heal with scar, as characterized by dermal appendage restoration and organized collagen architectures that were virtually indistinguishable from those in age-matched unwounded skin. High Fm levels correlated with decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression and scarless repair, while low Fm levels correlated with increased TGF-β1 expression and scar formation. This study represents the first successful in utero attempt to induce scarless repair in late-gestation fetal wounds by using a single protein, Fm, and highlights the crucial role that the FM-TGF-β1 nexus plays in fetal-type scarless skin repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zheng
- Dental and Craniofacial Research Institute and Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; UCLA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Xinli Zhang
- Dental and Craniofacial Research Institute and Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Catherine Dang
- Saul & Joyce Brandman Breast Center, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Grace X Chang
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yao Chen
- Dental and Craniofacial Research Institute and Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Chen-Shuang Li
- Dental and Craniofacial Research Institute and Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kevin S Lee
- Dental and Craniofacial Research Institute and Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kang Ting
- Dental and Craniofacial Research Institute and Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; UCLA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Chia Soo
- UCLA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
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1761
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Vilangattu Parambu Kunjikuttan R, Jayasree A, Biswas R, Jayakumar R. Recent developments in drug-eluting dressings for the treatment of chronic wounds. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 13:1645-1647. [PMID: 27650305 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1238456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Vilangattu Parambu Kunjikuttan
- a Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham , Amrita University , Kochi , India
| | - Anjana Jayasree
- a Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham , Amrita University , Kochi , India
| | - Raja Biswas
- a Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham , Amrita University , Kochi , India
| | - R Jayakumar
- a Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham , Amrita University , Kochi , India
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1762
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Diabetic wound regeneration using peptide-modified hydrogels to target re-epithelialization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E5792-E5801. [PMID: 27647919 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1612277113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a clinical need for new, more effective treatments for chronic wounds in diabetic patients. Lack of epithelial cell migration is a hallmark of nonhealing wounds, and diabetes often involves endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, targeting re-epithelialization, which mainly involves keratinocytes, may improve therapeutic outcomes of current treatments. In this study, we present an integrin-binding prosurvival peptide derived from angiopoietin-1, QHREDGS (glutamine-histidine-arginine-glutamic acid-aspartic acid-glycine-serine), as a therapeutic candidate for diabetic wound treatments by demonstrating its efficacy in promoting the attachment, survival, and collective migration of human primary keratinocytes and the activation of protein kinase B Akt and MAPKp42/44 The QHREDGS peptide, both as a soluble supplement and when immobilized in a substrate, protected keratinocytes against hydrogen peroxide stress in a dose-dependent manner. Collective migration of both normal and diabetic human keratinocytes was promoted on chitosan-collagen films with the immobilized QHREDGS peptide. The clinical relevance was demonstrated further by assessing the chitosan-collagen hydrogel with immobilized QHREDGS in full-thickness excisional wounds in a db/db diabetic mouse model; QHREDGS showed significantly accelerated and enhanced wound closure compared with a clinically approved collagen wound dressing, peptide-free hydrogel, or blank wound controls. The accelerated wound closure resulted primarily from faster re-epithelialization and increased formation of granulation tissue. There were no observable differences in blood vessel density or size within the wound; however, the total number of blood vessels was greater in the peptide-hydrogel-treated wounds. Together, these findings indicate that QHREDGS is a promising candidate for wound-healing interventions that enhance re-epithelialization and the formation of granulation tissue.
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1763
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Erdman SE, Poutahidis T. Microbes and Oxytocin: Benefits for Host Physiology and Behavior. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2016; 131:91-126. [PMID: 27793228 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
It is now understood that gut bacteria exert effects beyond the local boundaries of the gastrointestinal tract to include distant tissues and overall health. Prototype probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri has been found to upregulate hormone oxytocin and systemic immune responses to achieve a wide array of health benefits involving wound healing, mental health, metabolism, and myoskeletal maintenance. Together these display that the gut microbiome and host animal interact via immune-endocrine-brain signaling networks. Such findings provide novel therapeutic strategies to stimulate powerful homeostatic pathways and genetic programs, stemming from the coevolution of mammals and their microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Erdman
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - T Poutahidis
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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1764
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1765
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Innovative Dental Stem Cell-Based Research Approaches: The Future of Dentistry. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:7231038. [PMID: 27648076 PMCID: PMC5018320 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7231038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, the dental field has benefited from recent findings in stem cell biology and tissue engineering that led to the elaboration of novel ideas and concepts for the regeneration of dental tissues or entire new teeth. In particular, stem cell-based regenerative approaches are extremely promising since they aim at the full restoration of lost or damaged tissues, ensuring thus their functionality. These therapeutic approaches are already applied with success in clinics for the regeneration of other organs and consist of manipulation of stem cells and their administration to patients. Stem cells have the potential to self-renew and to give rise to a variety of cell types that ensure tissue repair and regeneration throughout life. During the last decades, several adult stem cell populations have been isolated from dental and periodontal tissues, characterized, and tested for their potential applications in regenerative dentistry. Here we briefly present the various stem cell-based treatment approaches and strategies that could be translated in dental practice and revolutionize dentistry.
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1766
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Campitiello N, Faenza M, Pagliara D, Baldi C, Zeppa P, Rosati A, Rubino C. Expression of the anti-apoptotic BAG3 protein in leg venous ulcerative tissues. Cell Death Discov 2016; 2:15068. [PMID: 27551493 PMCID: PMC4979477 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2015.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Campitiello
- 'SS. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona-Schola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno , Salerno, Italy
| | - M Faenza
- 'SS. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona-Schola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno , Salerno, Italy
| | - D Pagliara
- 'SS. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona-Schola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno , Salerno, Italy
| | - C Baldi
- 'SS. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona-Schola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno , Salerno, Italy
| | - P Zeppa
- 'SS. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona-Schola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, School in Translational Medicine, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - A Rosati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, School in Translational Medicine, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l., Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - C Rubino
- 'SS. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona-Schola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, School in Translational Medicine, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
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1767
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Xiao Y, Ahadian S, Radisic M. Biochemical and Biophysical Cues in Matrix Design for Chronic and Diabetic Wound Treatment. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2016; 23:9-26. [PMID: 27405960 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2016.0200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Progress in biomaterial science and engineering and increasing knowledge in cell biology have enabled us to develop functional biomaterials providing appropriate biochemical and biophysical cues for tissue regeneration applications. Tissue regeneration is particularly important to treat chronic wounds of people with diabetes. Understanding and controlling the cellular microenvironment of the wound tissue are important to improve the wound healing process. In this study, we review different biochemical (e.g., growth factors, peptides, DNA, and RNA) and biophysical (e.g., topographical guidance, pressure, electrical stimulation, and pulsed electromagnetic field) cues providing a functional and instructive acellular matrix to heal diabetic chronic wounds. The biochemical and biophysical signals generally regulate cell-matrix interactions and cell behavior and function inducing the tissue regeneration for chronic wounds. Some technologies and devices have already been developed and used in the clinic employing biochemical and biophysical cues for wound healing applications. These technologies can be integrated with smart biomaterials to deliver therapeutic agents to the wound tissue in a precise and controllable manner. This review provides useful guidance in understanding molecular mechanisms and signals in the healing of diabetic chronic wounds and in designing instructive biomaterials to treat them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xiao
- 1 Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,2 Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samad Ahadian
- 2 Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Milica Radisic
- 1 Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,2 Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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1768
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Godwin JW, Pinto AR, Rosenthal NA. Chasing the recipe for a pro-regenerative immune system. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 61:71-79. [PMID: 27521522 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Identification of the key ingredients and essential processes required to achieve perfect tissue regeneration in humans has so far remained elusive. Injury in vertebrates induces an obligatory wound response that will precede or overlap any regeneration specific program or scarring outcome. This process shapes the cellular and molecular landscape of the tissue, influencing the success of endogenous repair pathways or for potential clinical intervention. The involvement of immune cells is also required for aspects of development extending beyond the initial inflammatory phase of wounding. It has now become clear from amphibian, fish and mammalian models of tissue injury that the type of immune response and the profile of immune cells attending the site of injury can act as the gatekeepers that determine wound repair quality. The heterogeneity among innate and adaptive immune cell populations, along with the developmental origin of these cells, form key ingredients affecting the potential for downstream repair and the suppression of fibrosis. Cell-to-cell interactions between immune cells, such as macrophages and T cells, with stem cells and mesenchymal cells are critically important for shaping this process and these exchanges, are in turn influenced by the type of injury, tissue location and developmental stage of the organism. Developmentally, mouse cardiac regeneration is restricted to early stages of postnatal life where the balance of innate to adaptive immune cells may be poised towards regeneration. In the injured adult mouse liver, specific macrophage subsets improve repair while other bone marrow derived cells can exacerbate injury. Other studies using genetically diverse mice have shown enhanced regeneration in certain strains, restricted to specific tissues. This enhanced repair is linked with expression of genes such as Insulin-like Growth Factor- 1 (IGF-1) and activin (Act 1), that both play important roles in shaping the immune system. Immune cells are now appreciated to have powerful influences on critical cell types required for regeneration success. The winning recipe for tissue regeneration is likely to be found ultimately by identifying the genetic elements and specific cell populations that limit or allow intrinsic potential. This will be essential for developing therapeutic strategies for tissue regeneration in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Godwin
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA; MDI Biological Laboratory, Salisbury Cove, ME 04672, USA; Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
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1769
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Minutti CM, Knipper JA, Allen JE, Zaiss DMW. Tissue-specific contribution of macrophages to wound healing. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 61:3-11. [PMID: 27521521 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are present in all tissues, either as resident cells or monocyte-derived cells that infiltrate into tissues. The tissue site largely determines the phenotype of tissue-resident cells, which help to maintain tissue homeostasis and act as sentinels of injury. Both tissue resident and recruited macrophages make a substantial contribution to wound healing following injury. In this review, we evaluate how macrophages in two fundamentally distinct tissues, i.e. the lung and the skin, differentially contribute to the process of wound healing. We highlight the commonalities of macrophage functions during repair and contrast them with distinct, tissue-specific functions that macrophages fulfill during the different stages of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M Minutti
- Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, and the Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, United Kingdom
| | - Johanna A Knipper
- Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, and the Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, United Kingdom
| | - Judith E Allen
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health & Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom.
| | - Dietmar M W Zaiss
- Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution, and the Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, United Kingdom.
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1770
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Stone RC, Pastar I, Ojeh N, Chen V, Liu S, Garzon KI, Tomic-Canic M. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tissue repair and fibrosis. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 365:495-506. [PMID: 27461257 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2464-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 394] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) describes the global process by which stationary epithelial cells undergo phenotypic changes, including the loss of cell-cell adhesion and apical-basal polarity, and acquire mesenchymal characteristics that confer migratory capacity. EMT and its converse, MET (mesenchymal-epithelial transition), are integral stages of many physiologic processes and, as such, are tightly coordinated by a host of molecular regulators. Converging lines of evidence have identified EMT as a component of cutaneous wound healing, during which otherwise stationary keratinocytes (the resident skin epithelial cells) migrate across the wound bed to restore the epidermal barrier. Moreover, EMT plays a role in the development of scarring and fibrosis, as the matrix-producing myofibroblasts arise from cells of the epithelial lineage in response to injury but are pathologically sustained instead of undergoing MET or apoptosis. In this review, we summarize the role of EMT in physiologic repair and pathologic fibrosis of tissues and organs. We conclude that further investigation into the contribution of EMT to the faulty repair of fibrotic wounds might identify components of EMT signaling as common therapeutic targets for impaired healing in many tissues. Graphical Abstract Model for injury-triggered EMT activation in physiologic wound repair (left) and fibrotic wound healing (right).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rivka C Stone
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, RMSB, Room 2023A, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- The Research Residency Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Fla., USA
| | - Irena Pastar
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, RMSB, Room 2023A, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Nkemcho Ojeh
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, RMSB, Room 2023A, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Vivien Chen
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, RMSB, Room 2023A, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sophia Liu
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, RMSB, Room 2023A, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Karen I Garzon
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, RMSB, Room 2023A, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Marjana Tomic-Canic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, RMSB, Room 2023A, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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1771
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Sasso O, Pontis S, Armirotti A, Cardinali G, Kovacs D, Migliore M, Summa M, Moreno-Sanz G, Picardo M, Piomelli D. Endogenous N-acyl taurines regulate skin wound healing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E4397-406. [PMID: 27412859 PMCID: PMC4968764 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1605578113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The intracellular serine amidase, fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), degrades a heterogeneous family of lipid-derived bioactive molecules that include amides of long-chain fatty acids with taurine [N-acyl-taurines (NATs)]. The physiological functions of the NATs are unknown. Here we show that genetic or pharmacological disruption of FAAH activity accelerates skin wound healing in mice and stimulates motogenesis of human keratinocytes and differentiation of human fibroblasts in primary cultures. Using untargeted and targeted lipidomics strategies, we identify two long-chain saturated NATs-N-tetracosanoyl-taurine [NAT(24:0)] and N-eicosanoyl-taurine [NAT(20:0)]-as primary substrates for FAAH in mouse skin, and show that the levels of these substances sharply decrease at the margins of a freshly inflicted wound to increase again as healing begins. Additionally, we demonstrate that local administration of synthetic NATs accelerates wound closure in mice and stimulates repair-associated responses in primary cultures of human keratinocytes and fibroblasts, through a mechanism that involves tyrosine phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor and an increase in intracellular calcium levels, under the permissive control of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 receptors. The results point to FAAH-regulated NAT signaling as an unprecedented lipid-based mechanism of wound-healing control in mammalian skin, which might be targeted for chronic wound therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Sasso
- Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Pontis
- Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Armirotti
- Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giorgia Cardinali
- Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 00163 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Kovacs
- Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 00163 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Migliore
- Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Summa
- Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Picardo
- Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 00163 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Piomelli
- Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697; Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
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1772
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Businaro R, Corsi M, Di Raimo T, Marasco S, Laskin DL, Salvati B, Capoano R, Ricci S, Siciliano C, Frati G, De Falco E. Multidisciplinary approaches to stimulate wound healing. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1378:137-142. [PMID: 27434638 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
New civil wars and waves of terrorism are causing crucial social changes, with consequences in all fields, including health care. In particular, skin injuries are evolving as an epidemic issue. From a physiological standpoint, although wound repair takes place more rapidly in the skin than in other tissues, it is still a complex organ to reconstruct. Genetic and clinical variables, such as diabetes, smoking, and inflammatory/immunological pathologies, are also important risk factors limiting the regenerative potential of many therapeutic applications. Therefore, optimization of current clinical strategies is critical. Here, we summarize the current state of the field by focusing on stem cell therapy applications in wound healing, with an emphasis on current clinical approaches being developed. These involve protocols for the ex vivo expansion of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells by means of a patented Good Manufacturing Practice-compliant platelet lysate. Combinations of multiple strategies, including genetic modifications and stem cells, biomimetic scaffolds, and novel vehicles, such as nanoparticles, are also discussed as future approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Businaro
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy.
| | - Mariangela Corsi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Tania Di Raimo
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Sergio Marasco
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Debra L Laskin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Bruno Salvati
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Capoano
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Serafino Ricci
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Legal Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Siciliano
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Elena De Falco
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
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1773
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Weavers H, Liepe J, Sim A, Wood W, Martin P, Stumpf MPH. Systems Analysis of the Dynamic Inflammatory Response to Tissue Damage Reveals Spatiotemporal Properties of the Wound Attractant Gradient. Curr Biol 2016; 26:1975-1989. [PMID: 27426513 PMCID: PMC4985561 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In the acute inflammatory phase following tissue damage, cells of the innate immune system are rapidly recruited to sites of injury by pro-inflammatory mediators released at the wound site. Although advances in live imaging allow us to directly visualize this process in vivo, the precise identity and properties of the primary immune damage attractants remain unclear, as it is currently impossible to directly observe and accurately measure these signals in tissues. Here, we demonstrate that detailed information about the attractant signals can be extracted directly from the in vivo behavior of the responding immune cells. By applying inference-based computational approaches to analyze the in vivo dynamics of the Drosophila inflammatory response, we gain new detailed insight into the spatiotemporal properties of the attractant gradient. In particular, we show that the wound attractant is released by wound margin cells, rather than by the wounded tissue per se, and that it diffuses away from this source at rates far slower than those of previously implicated signals such as H2O2 and ATP, ruling out these fast mediators as the primary chemoattractant. We then predict, and experimentally test, how competing attractant signals might interact in space and time to regulate multi-step cell navigation in the complex environment of a healing wound, revealing a period of receptor desensitization after initial exposure to the damage attractant. Extending our analysis to model much larger wounds, we uncover a dynamic behavioral change in the responding immune cells in vivo that is prognostic of whether a wound will subsequently heal or not. Video Abstract
Computational modeling of in vivo inflammatory response to tissue damage is applied The model infers novel spatiotemporal properties of the wound attractant gradient Wound signal is released from the wound edge for 30 min and diffuses at 200 μm2/min Modeling two competing wounds reveals a period of immune cell desensitization
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Weavers
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK; School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Juliane Liepe
- Theoretical Systems Biology, Division of Molecular Biosciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Aaron Sim
- Theoretical Systems Biology, Division of Molecular Biosciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Will Wood
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Paul Martin
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK; Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK; School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technologicial University, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
| | - Michael P H Stumpf
- Theoretical Systems Biology, Division of Molecular Biosciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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1774
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Karkampouna S, Kreulen M, Obdeijn MC, Kloen P, Dorjée AL, Rivellese F, Chojnowski A, Clark I, Kruithof-de Julio M. Connective Tissue Degeneration: Mechanisms of Palmar Fascia Degeneration (Dupuytren's Disease). CURRENT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS 2016; 2:133-140. [PMID: 27617187 PMCID: PMC4996878 DOI: 10.1007/s40610-016-0045-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Dupuytren's disease is a connective tissue disorder of the hand causing excessive palmar fascial fibrosis with associated finger contracture and disability. The aetiology of the disease is heterogeneous, with both genetic and environmental components. The connective tissue is abnormally infiltrated by myofibroblasts that deposit collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins. We describe the clinical profile of Dupuytren's disease along with current therapeutic schemes. Recent findings on molecular and cellular parameters that are dysregulated in Dupuytren's disease, which may contribute to the onset of the disease, and the role of resident inflammation promoting fibrosis, are highlighted. We review recent literature focusing on non-myofibroblast cell types (stem cell-like cells), their pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic role that may account for abnormal wound healing response.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Karkampouna
- Department of Urology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, ZA 2333 The Netherlands
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department of Urology and Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, Bern, 3008 Switzerland
| | - M. Kreulen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Rode Kruis Ziekenhuis, Vondellaan 13, Beverwijk, 1942 LE The Netherlands
| | - M. C. Obdeijn
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1100 DD The Netherlands
| | - P. Kloen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1100 DD The Netherlands
| | - A. L. Dorjée
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA The Netherlands
| | - F. Rivellese
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA The Netherlands
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - A. Chojnowski
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - I. Clark
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Marianna Kruithof-de Julio
- Department of Urology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, ZA 2333 The Netherlands
- Urology Research Laboratory, Department of Urology and Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, Bern, 3008 Switzerland
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1775
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DiPietro LA. Angiogenesis and wound repair: when enough is enough. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 100:979-984. [PMID: 27406995 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.4mr0316-102r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 340] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
All animals heal, and the ability to heal is requisite for human health. One aspect of repair that has always been considered to be essential for adequate healing is the creation of a new vasculature via angiogenesis. As adult skin wounds heal, a period of rapid and robust capillary growth creates a vascular bed that has many fold more capillaries than does normal tissue. Over time, most of the newly formed capillaries regress, resulting in a final vascular density similar to that of normal skin. Certainly, new capillaries are necessary to bring nutrients, immune cells, and oxygen to healing wounds. Yet, the presumed functional importance of an overabundance of capillaries has recently been challenged, creating questions about whether excess capillary growth is truly necessary for healing. In particular, studies of wounds that heal exceptionally quickly and with less scar formation, such as those in fetal skin and oral mucosa, show that these tissues heal with a reduced angiogenic burst composed of more mature vessels that provide better oxygenation. The level of angiogenesis in wounds often correlates with the inflammatory response, largely because inflammatory cells produce an abundance of proangiogenic mediators. Both the selective reduction of inflammation and the selective reduction of angiogenesis have now been suggested as ways to improve scarring. These concepts link excessive inflammation and the production of a dense but poorly perfused capillary bed to inferior healing outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa A DiPietro
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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1776
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Integrin-mediated regulation of epidermal wound functions. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 365:467-82. [PMID: 27351421 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2446-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
During cutaneous wound healing, keratinocyte proliferation and migration are critical for re-epithelialization. In addition the epidermis secretes growth factors, cytokines, proteases, and matricellular proteins into the wound microenvironment that modify the extracellular matrix and stimulate other wound cells that control the inflammatory response, promote angiogenesis and facilitate tissue contraction and remodeling. Wound keratinocytes express at least seven different integrins-the major cell adhesion receptors for the extracellular matrix-that collectively control essential cell-autonomous functions to ensure proper re-epithelialization, including migration, proliferation, survival and basement membrane assembly. Moreover, it has become evident in recent years that some integrins can regulate paracrine signals from wound epidermis that stimulate other wound cells involved in angiogenesis, contraction and inflammation. Importantly, it is likely that abnormal integrin expression or function in the epidermis contributes to wound pathologies such as over-exuberant healing (e.g., hypertrophic scar formation) or diminished healing (e.g., chronic wounds). In this review, we discuss current knowledge of integrin function in the epidermis, which implicates them as attractive therapeutic targets to promote wound healing or treat wound pathologies. We also discuss challenges that arise from the complex roles that multiple integrins play in wound epidermis, which may be regulated through extracellular matrix remodeling that determines ligand availability. Indeed, understanding how different integrin functions are temporally coordinated in wound epidermis and which integrin functions go awry in pathological wounds, will be important to determine how best to target them clinically to achieve maximum therapeutic benefit. Graphical abstract In addition to their well-characterized roles in keratinocyte adhesion, migration and wound re-epithelialization, epidermal integrins play important roles in modifying the wound microenvironment by regulating the expression and secretion of growth factors, extracellular proteases, and matricellular proteins that stimulate other wound cells, including vascular endothelial cells and fibroblasts/myofibroblasts.
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1777
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Uzunalli G, Mammadov R, Yesildal F, Alhan D, Ozturk S, Ozgurtas T, Guler MO, Tekinay AB. Angiogenic Heparin-Mimetic Peptide Nanofiber Gel Improves Regenerative Healing of Acute Wounds. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 3:1296-1303. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gozde Uzunalli
- Institute
of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research
Center (UNAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey 06800
| | - Rashad Mammadov
- Institute
of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research
Center (UNAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey 06800
| | - Fatih Yesildal
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry, Diyarbakir Military Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Dogan Alhan
- Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | - Mustafa O. Guler
- Institute
of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research
Center (UNAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey 06800
| | - Ayse B. Tekinay
- Institute
of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research
Center (UNAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey 06800
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1778
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Abstract
Although fin regeneration following an amputation procedure has been well characterized, little is known about the impact of prolonged tissue damage on the execution of the regenerative programme in the zebrafish appendages. To induce histolytic processes in the caudal fin, we developed a new cryolesion model that combines the detrimental effects of freezing/thawing and ischemia. In contrast to the common transection model, the damaged part of the fin was spontaneously shed within two days after cryoinjury. The remaining stump contained a distorted margin with a mixture of dead material and healthy cells that concomitantly induced two opposing processes of tissue debris degradation and cellular proliferation, respectively. Between two and seven days after cryoinjury, this reparative/proliferative phase was morphologically featured by displaced fragments of broken bones. A blastemal marker msxB was induced in the intact mesenchyme below the damaged stump margin. Live imaging of epithelial and osteoblastic transgenic reporter lines revealed that the tissue-specific regenerative programmes were initiated after the clearance of damaged material. Despite histolytic perturbation during the first week after cryoinjury, the fin regeneration resumed and was completed without further alteration in comparison to the simple amputation model. This model reveals the powerful ability of the zebrafish to restore the original appendage architecture after the extended histolysis of the stump. Summary: Fin cryolesion resulted in histolysis and a delayed tissue loss. Despite prolonged destruction of the stump architecture, fin regeneration resumed and was normally completed, revealing robustness of the regenerative capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bérénice Chassot
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland
| | - David Pury
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland
| | - Anna Jaźwińska
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland
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1779
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IL-33-Dependent Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Promote Cutaneous Wound Healing. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:487-496. [PMID: 26802241 PMCID: PMC4731037 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Breaches in the skin barrier initiate an inflammatory immune response that is critical for successful wound healing. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a recently identified population of immune cells that reside at epithelial barrier surfaces such as the skin, lung and gut and promote pro-inflammatory or epithelial repair functions following exposure to allergens, pathogens or chemical irritants. However, the potential role of ILCs in regulating cutaneous wound healing remains undefined. Here, we demonstrate that cutaneous injury promotes an IL-33-dependent group 2 ILC (ILC2) response and that abrogation of this response impairs re-epithelialization and efficient wound closure. Additionally, we provide evidence suggesting that an analogous ILC2 response is operational in acute wounds of human skin. Together, these results indicate that IL-33-responsive ILC2s are an important link between the cutaneous epithelium and the immune system, acting to promote the restoration of skin integrity following injury.
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1780
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Muzzio NE, Pasquale MA, Huergo MAC, Bolzán AE, González PH, Arvia AJ. Spatio-temporal morphology changes in and quenching effects on the 2D spreading dynamics of cell colonies in both plain and methylcellulose-containing culture media. J Biol Phys 2016; 42:477-502. [PMID: 27270331 DOI: 10.1007/s10867-016-9418-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To deal with complex systems, microscopic and global approaches become of particular interest. Our previous results from the dynamics of large cell colonies indicated that their 2D front roughness dynamics is compatible with the standard Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) or the quenched KPZ equations either in plain or methylcellulose (MC)-containing gel culture media, respectively. In both cases, the influence of a non-uniform distribution of the colony constituents was significant. These results encouraged us to investigate the overall dynamics of those systems considering the morphology and size, the duplication rate, and the motility of single cells. For this purpose, colonies with different cell populations (N) exhibiting quasi-circular and quasi-linear growth fronts in plain and MC-containing culture media are investigated. For small N, the average radial front velocity and its change with time depend on MC concentration. MC in the medium interferes with cell mitosis, contributes to the local enlargement of cells, and increases the distribution of spatio-temporal cell density heterogeneities. Colony spreading in MC-containing media proceeds under two main quenching effects, I and II; the former mainly depending on the culture medium composition and structure and the latter caused by the distribution of enlarged local cell domains. For large N, colony spreading occurs at constant velocity. The characteristics of cell motility, assessed by measuring their trajectories and the corresponding velocity field, reflect the effect of enlarged, slow-moving cells and the structure of the medium. Local average cell size distribution and individual cell motility data from plain and MC-containing media are qualitatively consistent with the predictions of both the extended cellular Potts models and the observed transition of the front roughness dynamics from a standard KPZ to a quenched KPZ. In this case, quenching effects I and II cooperate and give rise to the quenched-KPZ equation. Seemingly, these results show a possible way of linking the cellular Potts models and the 2D colony front roughness dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- N E Muzzio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), CONICET, Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - M A Pasquale
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), CONICET, Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - M A C Huergo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), CONICET, Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - A E Bolzán
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), CONICET, Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - P H González
- Cátedra de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, UNLP, CIC, Calle 60 y 120, 1900, La Plata, Bs. As., Argentina
| | - A J Arvia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), CONICET, Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
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1781
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Liu Z, Xu Y, Chen L, Xie J, Tang J, Zhao J, Shu B, Qi S, Chen J, Liang G, Luo G, Wu J, He W, Liu X. Dendritic epidermal T cells facilitate wound healing in diabetic mice. Am J Transl Res 2016; 8:2375-2384. [PMID: 27347345 PMCID: PMC4891450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The impairment of skin repair in diabetic patients can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Proper proliferation, apoptosis and migration in keratinocytes are vital for skin repair, but in diabetic patients, hyperglycemia impairs this process. Dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs) are an important part of the resident cutaneous immunosurveillance program. We observed a reduction in the number of DETCs in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model. This reduction in DETCs resulted in decreased IGF-1 and KGF production in the epidermis, which is closely associated with diabetic delayed wound closure. DETCs ameliorated the poor wound-healing conditions in diabetic mice by increasing keratinocyte migration and proliferation and decreasing keratinocyte apoptosis in diabetes-like microenvironments. Our results elucidate a new mechanism for diabetic delayed wound closure and point to a new strategy for the treatment of wounds in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyang Liu
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yingbin Xu
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Julin Xie
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jinming Tang
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jingling Zhao
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Bin Shu
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Shaohai Qi
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease ProteomicsChongqing 400038, P. R. China
| | - Guangping Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease ProteomicsChongqing 400038, P. R. China
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease ProteomicsChongqing 400038, P. R. China
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease ProteomicsChongqing 400038, P. R. China
| | - Weifeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease ProteomicsChongqing 400038, P. R. China
| | - Xusheng Liu
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
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1782
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Transition from inflammation to proliferation: a critical step during wound healing. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:3861-85. [PMID: 27180275 PMCID: PMC5021733 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2268-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 822] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability to rapidly restore the integrity of a broken skin barrier is critical and is the ultimate goal of therapies for hard-to-heal-ulcers. Unfortunately effective treatments to enhance healing and reduce scarring are still lacking. A deeper understanding of the physiology of normal repair and of the pathology of delayed healing is a prerequisite for the development of more effective therapeutic interventions. Transition from the inflammatory to the proliferative phase is a key step during healing and accumulating evidence associates a compromised transition with wound healing disorders. Thus, targeting factors that impact this phase transition may offer a rationale for therapeutic development. This review summarizes mechanisms regulating the inflammation-proliferation transition at cellular and molecular levels. We propose that identification of such mechanisms will reveal promising targets for development of more effective therapies.
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1783
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Colby JK, Abdulnour REE, Sham HP, Dalli J, Colas RA, Winkler JW, Hellmann J, Wong B, Cui Y, El-Chemaly S, Petasis NA, Spite M, Serhan CN, Levy BD. Resolvin D3 and Aspirin-Triggered Resolvin D3 Are Protective for Injured Epithelia. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:1801-1813. [PMID: 27171898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury is a life-threatening condition caused by disruption of the alveolar-capillary barrier leading to edema, influx of inflammatory leukocytes, and impaired gas exchange. Specialized proresolving mediators biosynthesized from essential fatty acids, such as docosahexaenoic acid, have tissue protective effects in acute inflammation. Herein, we found that the docosahexaenoic acid-derived mediator resolvin D3 (RvD3): 4S,11R,17S-trihydroxydocosa-5Z,7E,9E,13Z,15E,19Z-hexaenoic acid was present in uninjured lungs, and increased significantly 24 to 72 hours after hydrochloric acid-initiated injury. Because of its delayed enzymatic degradation, we used aspirin-triggered (AT)-RvD3: 4S,11R,17R-trihydroxydocosa-5Z,7E,9E,13Z,15E,19Z-hexaenoic acid, a 17R-epimer of RvD3, for in vivo experiments. Histopathological correlates of acid injury (alveolar wall thickening, edema, and leukocyte infiltration) were reduced in mice receiving AT-RvD3 1 hour after injury. AT-RvD3-treated mice had significantly reduced edema, as demonstrated by lower wet/dry weight ratios, increased epithelial sodium channel γ expression, and more lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1-positive vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3-positive lymphatic vessels. Evidence for counterregulation of NF-κB by RvD3 and AT-RvD3 was seen in vitro and by AT-RvD3 in vivo. Increases in lung epithelial cell proliferation and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid levels of keratinocyte growth factor were observed with AT-RvD3, which also promoted cutaneous re-epithelialization. Together, these data demonstrate protective actions of RvD3 and AT-RvD3 for injured mucosa that accelerated restoration of epithelial barrier and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K Colby
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Raja-Elie E Abdulnour
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ho Pan Sham
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Romain A Colas
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jeremy W Winkler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jason Hellmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Blenda Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ye Cui
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Souheil El-Chemaly
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nicos A Petasis
- Department of Chemistry, Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Matthew Spite
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bruce D Levy
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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1784
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Arany PR. Craniofacial Wound Healing with Photobiomodulation Therapy: New Insights and Current Challenges. J Dent Res 2016; 95:977-84. [PMID: 27161014 DOI: 10.1177/0022034516648939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The fundamental pathophysiologic response for the survival of all organisms is the process of wound healing. Inadequate or lack of healing constitutes the etiopathologic basis of many oral and systemic diseases. Among the numerous efforts to promote wound healing, biophotonics therapies have shown much promise. Advances in photonic technologies and a better understanding of light-tissue interactions, from parallel biophotonics fields such as in vivo optical imaging and optogenetics, are spearheading their popularity in biology and medicine. Use of high-dose lasers and light devices in dermatology, ophthalmology, oncology, and dentistry are now popular for specific clinical applications, such as surgery, skin rejuvenation, ocular and soft tissue recontouring, and antitumor and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. However, a less well-known clinical application is the therapeutic use of low-dose biophotonics termed photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy, which is aimed at alleviating pain and inflammation, modulating immune responses, and promoting wound healing and tissue regeneration. Despite significant volumes of scientific literature from clinical and laboratory studies noting the phenomenological evidence for this innovative therapy, limited mechanistic insights have prevented rigorous and reproducible PBM clinical protocols. This article briefly reviews current evidence and focuses on gaps in knowledge to identify potential paths forward for clinical translation with PBM therapy with an emphasis on craniofacial wound healing. PBM offers a novel opportunity to examine fundamental nonvisual photobiological processes as well as develop innovative clinical therapies, thereby presenting an opportunity for a paradigm shift from conventional restorative/prosthetic approaches to regenerative modalities in clinical dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Arany
- Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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1785
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Wang T, Zhao N, Long S, Ge L, Wang A, Sun H, Ran X, Zou Z, Wang J, Su Y. Downregulation of miR-205 in migrating epithelial tongue facilitates skin wound re-epithelialization by derepressing ITGA5. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:1443-52. [PMID: 27169579 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Keratinocyte migration is essential for re-epithelialization during skin wound healing, but the molecular mechanisms regulating this cellular response remain to be completely clarified. Here we show that keratinocyte-specific miR-205 is significantly downregulated in the leading edge of the migrating epithelial tongue after skin injury in mice. In HaCaT keratinocytes, miR-205 could be downregulated by TGF-β1 stimulation. And similar to the effect of TGF-β1, miR-205 knockdown could promote keratinocyte migration in wound scratch model in vitro. Furthermore, topical inhibition of miR-205 by administrating Pluronic gel containing antagomir-205 could accelerate re-epithelialization in mouse skin wound model in vivo. Moreover, we identified integrin alpha 5 (ITGA5) as one key functional miR-205 target in the re-epithelialization process and epidermal downregulation of miR-205 may desilence ITGA5 to promote keratinocyte migration. And knockdown of ITGA5 would abolish the pro-migratory effects of miR-205 inhibition in vitro. What's more, we found dysregulation of miR-205 and its target ITGA5 in epidermis of clinical chronic wound samples with persistence of high level miR-205 and absence of ITGA5. Our findings indicate that downregulation of miR-205 in the leading migrating keratinocytes is critical for re-epithelialization and miR-205 may be a potential therapeutic target for chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Na Zhao
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shuang Long
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lan Ge
- Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Aiping Wang
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Huiqin Sun
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xinze Ran
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhongmin Zou
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Junping Wang
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yongping Su
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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1786
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Salazar JJ, Ennis WJ, Koh TJ. Diabetes medications: Impact on inflammation and wound healing. J Diabetes Complications 2016; 30:746-52. [PMID: 26796432 PMCID: PMC4834268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic wounds are a common complication in patients with diabetes that often lead to amputation. These non-healing wounds are described as being stuck in a persistent inflammatory state characterized by accumulation of pro-inflammatory macrophages, cytokines and proteases. Some medications approved for management of type 2 diabetes have demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties independent of their marketed insulinotropic effects and thus have underappreciated potential to promote wound healing. In this review, the potential for insulin, metformin, specific sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors to promote healing is evaluated by reviewing human and animal studies on inflammation and wound healing. The available evidence indicates that diabetic medications have potential to prevent wounds from becoming arrested in the inflammatory stage of healing and to promote wound healing by downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, upregulating growth factors, lowering matrix metalloproteinases, stimulating angiogenesis, and increasing epithelization. However, no clinical recommendations currently exist on the potential for specific diabetic medications to impact healing of chronic wounds. Thus, we encourage further research that may guide physicians on providing personalized diabetes treatments that achieve glycemic goals while promoting healing in patients with chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay J Salazar
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - William J Ennis
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Timothy J Koh
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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1787
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Wang Y, Gutierrez-Herrera E, Ortega-Martinez A, Anderson RR, Franco W. UV fluorescence excitation imaging of healing of wounds in skin: Evaluation of wound closure in organ culture model. Lasers Surg Med 2016; 48:678-85. [PMID: 27075645 PMCID: PMC5074320 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Molecules native to tissue that fluoresce upon light excitation can serve as reporters of cellular activity and protein structure. In skin, the fluorescence ascribed to tryptophan is a marker of cellular proliferation, whereas the fluorescence ascribed to cross-links of collagen is a structural marker. In this work, we introduce and demonstrate a simple but robust optical method to image the functional process of epithelialization and the exposed dermal collagen in wound healing of human skin in an organ culture model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Non-closing non-grafted, partial closing non-grafted, and grafted wounds were created in ex vivo human skin and kept in culture. A wide-field UV fluorescence excitation imaging system was used to visualize epithelialization of the exposed dermis and quantitate wound area, closure, and gap. Histology (H&E staining) was also used to evaluate epithelialization. RESULTS The endogenous fluorescence excitation of cross-links of collagen at 335 nm clearly shows the dermis missing epithelium, while the endogenous fluorescence excitation of tryptophan at 295 nm shows keratinocytes in higher proliferating state. The size of the non-closing wound was 11.4 ± 1.8 mm and remained constant during the observation period, while the partial-close wound reached 65.5 ± 4.9% closure by day 16. Evaluations of wound gaps using fluorescence excitation images and histology images are in agreement. CONCLUSIONS We have established a fluorescence imaging method for studying epithelialization processes, evaluating keratinocyte proliferation, and quantitating closure during wound healing of skin in an organ culture model: the dermal fluorescence of pepsin-digestible collagen cross-links can be used to quantitate wound size, closure extents, and gaps; and, the epidermal fluorescence ascribed to tryptophan can be used to monitor and quantitate functional states of epithelialization. UV fluorescence excitation imaging has the potential to become a valuable tool for research, diagnostic and educational purposes on evaluating the healing of wounds. Lasers Surg. Med. 48:678-685, 2016. © 2016 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussets
| | - Enoch Gutierrez-Herrera
- Centro de Ciencias Aplicadasy Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antonio Ortega-Martinez
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussets
| | - Richard Rox Anderson
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussets
| | - Walfre Franco
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussets
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1788
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Tummalapalli M, Berthet M, Verrier B, Deopura BL, Alam MS, Gupta B. Drug loaded composite oxidized pectin and gelatin networks for accelerated wound healing. Int J Pharm 2016; 505:234-45. [PMID: 27063849 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Biocomposite interactive wound dressings have been designed and fabricated using oxidized pectin (OP), gelatin and nonwoven cotton fabric. Due to their inherent virtues of antimicrobial activity and cytocompatibility, these composite structures are capable of redirecting the healing cascade and influencing cell attachment and proliferation. A novel in situ reduction process has been followed to synthesize oxidized pectin-gelatin-nanosilver (OP-Gel-NS) flower like nanohydrocolloids. This encapsulation technology controls the diffusion and permeation of nanosilver into the surrounding biological tissues. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride has also been incorporated into the OP-Gel matrix to produce OP-Gel-Cipro dressings. While OP-Gel-NS dressings exhibited 100% antimicrobial activity at extremely low loadings of 3.75μg/cm(2), OP-Gel-Cipro dressings were highly antimicrobial at 1% drug loading. While NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts proliferated remarkably well when cultured with OP-Gel and OP-Gel-Cipro dressings, OP-Gel-NS hindered cell growth and Bactigras(®) induced complete lysis. Full thickness excisional wounds were created on C57BL/6J mice and the wound healing potential of the OP-Gel-NS dressings led to accelerated healing within 12days, while OP-Gel-Cipro dressings healed wounds at a rate similar to that of Bactigras(®). Histological examination revealed that OP-Gel-NS and OP-Gel-Cipro treatment led to organized collagen deposition, neovascularization and nuclei migration, unlike Bactigras(®). Therefore, the OP-Gel-NS and OP-Gel-Cipro biocomposite dressings exhibiting good hydrophilicity, sustained antimicrobial nature, promote cell growth and proliferation, and lead to rapid healing, can be considered viable candidates for effective management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mythili Tummalapalli
- Bioengineering Lab, Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 16, India
| | - Morgane Berthet
- Laboratory of Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering, IBCP, UMR 5305 CNRS-UCBL-Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Bernard Verrier
- Laboratory of Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering, IBCP, UMR 5305 CNRS-UCBL-Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - B L Deopura
- Bioengineering Lab, Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 16, India
| | - M S Alam
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 62, India
| | - Bhuvanesh Gupta
- Bioengineering Lab, Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 16, India.
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1789
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Jung N, Yu J, Um J, Dubon MJ, Park KS. Substance P modulates properties of normal and diabetic dermal fibroblasts. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 13:155-161. [PMID: 30603395 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-016-9085-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermal fibroblasts play essential roles in wound healing. However, they lose their normal regenerative functions under certain pathologic conditions such as in chronic diabetic wounds. Here, we show that substance P (SP) rescues the malfunctions of dermal fibroblasts in diabetes. SP increased the proliferation of diabetic dermal fibroblasts dose-dependently, although the effect was lower compared to the SP-stimulated proliferation of normal dermal fibroblasts. In contrast to normal dermal fibroblasts, SP increased the expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in diabetic dermal fibroblast hence, rescuing their angiogenic potential. The cellular characteristics of diabetic dermal fibroblasts modulated by SP would be able to accelerate the wound healing process through faster wound contraction and improved angiogenesis in diabetic chronic wounds. Moreover, SP pretreatment into dermal fibroblasts isolated from diabetic patients would be a promising strategy to develop autologous cell therapy for treating diabetic chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunggum Jung
- 1Graduate School of Biotechnology & Department of Genetic Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Jinyeong Yu
- 1Graduate School of Biotechnology & Department of Genetic Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Jihyun Um
- 1Graduate School of Biotechnology & Department of Genetic Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Maria Jose Dubon
- 1Graduate School of Biotechnology & Department of Genetic Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Ki-Sook Park
- 2East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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1790
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Tejiram S, Zhang J, Travis TE, Carney BC, Alkhalil A, Moffatt LT, Johnson LS, Shupp JW. Compression therapy affects collagen type balance in hypertrophic scar. J Surg Res 2016; 201:299-305. [PMID: 27020811 PMCID: PMC4813311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of pressure on hypertrophic scar are poorly understood. Decreased extracellular matrix deposition is hypothesized to contribute to changes observed after pressure therapy. To examine this further, collagen composition was analyzed in a model of pressure therapy in hypertrophic scar. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hypertrophic scars created on red Duroc swine (n = 8) received pressure treatment (pressure device mounting and delivery at 30 mm Hg), sham treatment (device mounting and no delivery), or no treatment for 2 wk. Scars were assessed weekly and biopsied for histology, hydroxyproline quantification, and gene expression analysis. Transcription levels of collagen precursors COL1A2 and COL3A1 were quantified using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Masson trichrome was used for general collagen quantification, whereas immunofluorescence was used for collagen types I and III specific quantification. RESULTS Total collagen quantification using hydroxyproline assay showed a 51.9% decrease after pressure initiation. Masson trichrome staining showed less collagen after 1 (P < 0.03) and 2 wk (P < 0.002) of pressure application compared with sham and untreated scars. Collagen 1A2 and 3A1 transcript decreased by 41.9- and 42.3-fold, respectively, compared with uninjured skin after pressure treatment, whereas a 2.3- and 1.3-fold increase was seen in untreated scars. This decrease was seen in immunofluorescence staining for collagen types I (P < 0.001) and III (P < 0.04) compared with pretreated levels. Pressure-treated scars also had lower levels of collagen I and III after pressure treatment (P < 0.05) compared with sham and untreated scars. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the modulation of collagen after pressure therapy and further characterize its role in scar formation and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Tejiram
- The Burn Center, Department of Surgery, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC; Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC
| | - Jenny Zhang
- Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC
| | - Taryn E Travis
- The Burn Center, Department of Surgery, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC; Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC
| | - Bonnie C Carney
- Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC
| | - Abdulnaser Alkhalil
- Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC
| | - Lauren T Moffatt
- Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC
| | - Laura S Johnson
- The Burn Center, Department of Surgery, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC; Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC
| | - Jeffrey W Shupp
- The Burn Center, Department of Surgery, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC; Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC.
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1791
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Jumper N, Hodgkinson T, Arscott G, Har-Shai Y, Paus R, Bayat A. The Aldo-Keto Reductase AKR1B10 Is Up-Regulated in Keloid Epidermis, Implicating Retinoic Acid Pathway Dysregulation in the Pathogenesis of Keloid Disease. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:1500-1512. [PMID: 27025872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Keloid disease is a recurrent fibroproliferative cutaneous tumor of unknown pathogenesis for which clinical management remains unsatisfactory. To obtain new insights into hitherto underappreciated aspects of keloid pathobiology, we took a laser capture microdissection-based, whole-genome microarray analysis approach to identify distinct keloid disease-associated gene expression patterns within defined keloid regions. Identification of the aldo-keto reductase enzyme AKR1B10 as highly up-regulated in keloid epidermis suggested that an imbalance of retinoic acid metabolism is likely associated with keloid disease. Here, we show that AKR1B10 transfection into normal human keratinocytes reproduced the abnormal retinoic acid pathway expression pattern we had identified in keloid epidermis. Cotransfection of AKR1B10 with a luciferase reporter plasmid showed reduced retinoic acid response element activity, supporting the hypothesis of retinoic acid synthesis deficiency in keloid epidermis. Paracrine signals released by AKR1B10-overexpressing keratinocytes into conditioned medium resulted in up-regulation of transforming growth factor-β1, transforming growth factor-β2, and collagens I and III in both keloid and normal skin fibroblasts, mimicking the typical profibrotic keloid profile. Our study results suggest that insufficient retinoic acid synthesis by keloid epidermal keratinocytes may contribute to the pathogenesis of keloid disease. We refocus attention on the role of injured epithelium in keloid disease and identify AKR1B10 as a potential new target in future management of keloid disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Jumper
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Tom Hodgkinson
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Guyan Arscott
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Yaron Har-Shai
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ralf Paus
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Centre for Dermatology Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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1792
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Ding Y, Colozza G, Zhang K, Moriyama Y, Ploper D, Sosa EA, Benitez MDJ, De Robertis EM. Genome-wide analysis of dorsal and ventral transcriptomes of the Xenopus laevis gastrula. Dev Biol 2016; 426:176-187. [PMID: 27016259 PMCID: PMC5033668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
RNA sequencing has allowed high-throughput screening of differential gene expression in many tissues and organisms. Xenopus laevis is a classical embryological and cell-free extract model system, but its genomic sequence had been lacking due to difficulties arising from allotetraploidy. There is currently much excitement surrounding the release of the completed X. laevis genome (version 9.1) by the Joint Genome Institute (JGI), which provides a platform for genome-wide studies. Here we present a deep RNA-seq dataset of transcripts expressed in dorsal and ventral lips of the early Xenopus gastrula embryo using the new genomic information, which was further annotated by blast searches against the human proteome. Overall, our findings confirm previous results from differential screenings using other methods that uncovered classical dorsal genes such as Chordin, Noggin and Cerberus, as well as ventral genes such as Sizzled, Ventx, Wnt8 and Bambi. Complete transcriptome-wide tables of mRNAs suitable for data mining are presented, which include many novel dorsal- and ventral-specific genes. RNA-seq was very quantitative and reproducible, and allowed us to define dorsal and ventral signatures useful for gene set expression analyses (GSEA). As an example of a new gene, we present here data on an organizer-specific secreted protein tyrosine kinase known as Pkdcc (protein kinase domain containing, cytoplasmic) or Vlk (vertebrate lonesome kinase). Overexpression experiments indicate that Pkdcc can act as a negative regulator of Wnt/ β-catenin signaling independently of its kinase activity. We conclude that RNA-Seq in combination with the X. laevis complete genome now available provides a powerful tool for unraveling cell-cell signaling pathways during embryonic induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ding
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1662, USA
| | - Gabriele Colozza
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1662, USA
| | - Kelvin Zhang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yuki Moriyama
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1662, USA
| | - Diego Ploper
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1662, USA
| | - Eric A Sosa
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1662, USA
| | - Maria D J Benitez
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1662, USA
| | - Edward M De Robertis
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1662, USA.
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1793
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Metformin Induces Cell Cycle Arrest, Reduced Proliferation, Wound Healing Impairment In Vivo and Is Associated to Clinical Outcomes in Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150900. [PMID: 26963096 PMCID: PMC4786193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several epidemiological studies in diabetic patients have demonstrated a protective effect of metformin to the development of several types of cancer. The underlying mechanisms of such phenomenon is related to the effect of metformin on cell proliferation among which, mTOR, AMPK and other targets have been identified. However, little is known about the role that metformin treatment have on other cell types such as keratinocytes and whether exposure to metformin of these cells might have serious repercussions in wound healing delay and in the development of complications in diabetic patients with foot ulcers or in their exacerbation. Material and Methods HaCaT Cells were exposed to various concentrations of metformin and cell viability was evaluated by a Resazurin assay; Proliferation was also evaluated with a colony formation assay and with CFSE dilution assay by flow cytometry. Cell cycle was also evaluated by flow cytometry by PI staining. An animal model of wound healing was used to evaluate the effect of metformin in wound closure. Also, an analysis of patients receiving metformin treatment was performed to determine the effect of metformin treatment on the outcome and wound area. Statistical analysis was performed on SPSS v. 18 and GraphPad software v.5. Results Metformin treatment significantly reduces cell proliferation; colony formation and alterations of the cell cycle are observed also in the metformin treated cells, particularly in the S phase. There is a significant increase in the area of the wound of the metformin treated animals at different time points (P<0.05). There is also a significant increase in the size and wound area of the patients with diabetic foot ulcers at the time of hospitalization. A protective effect of metformin was observed for amputation, probably associated with the anti inflammatory effects reported of metformin. Conclusions Metformin treatment reduces cell proliferation and reduces wound healing in an animal model and affects clinical outcomes in diabetic foot ulcer patients. Chronic use of this drug should be further investigated to provide evidence of their security in association with DFU.
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1794
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Pastar I, Stojadinovic O, Sawaya AP, Stone RC, Lindley LE, Ojeh N, Vukelic S, Samuels HH, Tomic-Canic M. Skin Metabolite, Farnesyl Pyrophosphate, Regulates Epidermal Response to Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Migration. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:2452-63. [PMID: 26916741 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Skin produces cholesterol and a wide array of sterols and non-sterol mevalonate metabolites, including isoprenoid derivative farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP). To characterize FPP action in epidermis, we generated transcriptional profiles of primary human keratinocytes treated with zaragozic acid (ZGA), a squalene synthase inhibitor that blocks conversion of FPP to squalene resulting in endogenous accumulation of FPP. The elevated levels of intracellular FPP resulted in regulation of epidermal differentiation and adherens junction signaling, insulin growth factor (IGF) signaling, oxidative stress response and interferon (IFN) signaling. Immunosuppressive properties of FPP were evidenced by STAT-1 downregulation and prominent suppression of its nuclear translocation by IFNγ. Furthermore, FPP profoundly downregulated genes involved in epidermal differentiation of keratinocytes in vitro and in human skin ex vivo. Elevated levels of FPP resulted in induction of cytoprotective transcriptional factor Nrf2 and its target genes. We have previously shown that FPP functions as ligand for the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), one of the major regulator of epidermal homeostasis. Comparative microarray analyses show significant but not complete overlap between FPP and glucocorticoid regulated genes, suggesting that FPP may have wider transcriptional impact. This was further supported by co-transfection and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments where we show that upon binding to GR, FPP recruits β-catenin and, unlike glucocorticoids, recruits co-repressor GRIP1 to suppress keratin 6 gene. These findings have many clinical implications related to epidermal lipid metabolism, response to glucocorticoid therapy as well as pleiotropic effects of cholesterol lowering therapeutics, statins. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 2452-2463, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Pastar
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Olivera Stojadinovic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Andrew P Sawaya
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Rivka C Stone
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Linsey E Lindley
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Nkemcho Ojeh
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Sasa Vukelic
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Geogria
| | - Herbert H Samuels
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York
| | - Marjana Tomic-Canic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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1795
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Herrmann JE, Fisher RL, Vickers AE. The Delay of Corneal Wound Healing by Diclofenac in a Human Ex Vivo Front of the Eye Model and Rabbit Models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1089/aivt.2015.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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1796
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Fang C, Wang K, Zeng C, Chi C, Shang W, Ye J, Mao Y, Fan Y, Yang J, Xiang N, Zeng N, Zhu W, Fang C, Tian J. Illuminating necrosis: From mechanistic exploration to preclinical application using fluorescence molecular imaging with indocyanine green. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21013. [PMID: 26864116 PMCID: PMC4749996 DOI: 10.1038/srep21013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue necrosis commonly accompanies the development of a wide range of serious diseases. Therefore, highly sensitive detection and precise boundary delineation of necrotic tissue via effective imaging techniques are crucial for clinical treatments; however, no imaging modalities have achieved satisfactory results to date. Although fluorescence molecular imaging (FMI) shows potential in this regard, no effective necrosis-avid fluorescent probe has been developed for clinical applications. Here, we demonstrate that indocyanine green (ICG) can achieve high avidity of necrotic tissue owing to its interaction with lipoprotein (LP) and phospholipids. The mechanism was explored at the cellular and molecular levels through a series of in vitro studies. Detection of necrotic tissue and real-time image-guided surgery were successfully achieved in different organs of different animal models with the help of FMI using in house-designed imaging devices. The results indicated that necrotic tissue with a 0.6 mm diameter could be effectively detected with precise boundary definition. We believe that the new discovery and the associated imaging techniques will improve personalized and precise surgery in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chaoting Zeng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Chongwei Chi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wenting Shang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jinzuo Ye
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yamin Mao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yingfang Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Nan Xiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Ning Zeng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Wen Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Chihua Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing 100190, China
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1797
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Abstract
Biomaterials have played an increasingly prominent role in the success of biomedical devices and in the development of tissue engineering, which seeks to unlock the regenerative potential innate to human tissues/organs in a state of deterioration and to restore or reestablish normal bodily function. Advances in our understanding of regenerative biomaterials and their roles in new tissue formation can potentially open a new frontier in the fast-growing field of regenerative medicine. Taking inspiration from the role and multi-component construction of native extracellular matrices (ECMs) for cell accommodation, the synthetic biomaterials produced today routinely incorporate biologically active components to define an artificial in vivo milieu with complex and dynamic interactions that foster and regulate stem cells, similar to the events occurring in a natural cellular microenvironment. The range and degree of biomaterial sophistication have also dramatically increased as more knowledge has accumulated through materials science, matrix biology and tissue engineering. However, achieving clinical translation and commercial success requires regenerative biomaterials to be not only efficacious and safe but also cost-effective and convenient for use and production. Utilizing biomaterials of human origin as building blocks for therapeutic purposes has provided a facilitated approach that closely mimics the critical aspects of natural tissue with regard to its physical and chemical properties for the orchestration of wound healing and tissue regeneration. In addition to directly using tissue transfers and transplants for repair, new applications of human-derived biomaterials are now focusing on the use of naturally occurring biomacromolecules, decellularized ECM scaffolds and autologous preparations rich in growth factors/non-expanded stem cells to either target acceleration/magnification of the body's own repair capacity or use nature's paradigms to create new tissues for restoration. In particular, there is increasing interest in separating ECMs into simplified functional domains and/or biopolymeric assemblies so that these components/constituents can be discretely exploited and manipulated for the production of bioscaffolds and new biomimetic biomaterials. Here, following an overview of tissue auto-/allo-transplantation, we discuss the recent trends and advances as well as the challenges and future directions in the evolution and application of human-derived biomaterials for reconstructive surgery and tissue engineering. In particular, we focus on an exploration of the structural, mechanical, biochemical and biological information present in native human tissue for bioengineering applications and to provide inspiration for the design of future biomaterials.
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1798
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Tadokoro T, Gao X, Hong CC, Hotten D, Hogan BLM. BMP signaling and cellular dynamics during regeneration of airway epithelium from basal progenitors. Development 2016; 143:764-73. [PMID: 26811382 PMCID: PMC4813333 DOI: 10.1242/dev.126656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The pseudostratified epithelium of the lung contains ciliated and secretory luminal cells and basal stem/progenitor cells. To identify signals controlling basal cell behavior we screened factors that alter their self-renewal and differentiation in a clonal organoid (tracheosphere) assay. This revealed that inhibitors of the canonical BMP signaling pathway promote proliferation but do not affect lineage choice, whereas exogenous Bmp4 inhibits proliferation and differentiation. We therefore followed changes in BMP pathway components in vivo in the mouse trachea during epithelial regeneration from basal cells after injury. The findings suggest that BMP signaling normally constrains proliferation at steady state and this brake is released transiently during repair by the upregulation of endogenous BMP antagonists. Early in repair, the packing of epithelial cells along the basal lamina increases, but density is later restored by active extrusion of apoptotic cells. Systemic administration of the BMP antagonist LDN-193189 during repair initially increases epithelial cell number but, following the shedding phase, normal density is restored. Taken together, these results reveal crucial roles for both BMP signaling and cell shedding in homeostasis of the respiratory epithelium. Summary: In the mouse airway epithelium, regeneration after injury involves transient downregulation of BMP signaling to promote proliferation, followed by cell shedding to restore cell density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Tadokoro
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Charles C Hong
- Department of Medicine-Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Danielle Hotten
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Brigid L M Hogan
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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1799
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Riding A, Pullar CE. ATP Release and P2 Y Receptor Signaling are Essential for Keratinocyte Galvanotaxis. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:181-91. [PMID: 26058714 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Repair to damaged tissue requires directional cell migration to heal the wound. Immediately upon wounding an electrical guidance cue is created with the cathode of the electric field (EF) located at the center of the wound. Previous research has demonstrated directional migration of keratinocytes toward the cathode when an EF of physiological strength (100-150 mV/mm) is applied in vitro, but the "sensor" by which keratinocytes sense the EF remains elusive. Here we use a customized chamber design to facilitate the application of a direct current (DC) EF of physiological strength (100 mV/mm) to keratinocytes whilst pharmacologically modulating the activation of both connexin hemichannels and purinergic receptors to determine their role in EF-mediated directional keratinocyte migration, galvanotaxis. In addition, keratinocytes were exposed to DiSCAC2 (3) dye to visualize membrane potential changes within the cell upon exposure to the applied DC EF. Here we unveil ATP-medicated mechanisms that underpin the initiation of keratinocyte galvanotaxis. The application of a DC EF of 100 mV/mm releases ATP via hemichannels activating a subset of purinergic P2 Y receptors, locally, to initiate the directional migration of keratinocytes toward the cathode in vitro, the center of the wound in vivo. The delineation of the mechanisms underpinning galvanotaxis extends our understanding of this endogenous cue and will facilitate the optimization and wider use of EF devices for chronic wound treatment. J. Cell. Physiol. 230: 181-191, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimie Riding
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Christine E Pullar
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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1800
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Jessen KR, Mirsky R, Arthur-Farraj P. The Role of Cell Plasticity in Tissue Repair: Adaptive Cellular Reprogramming. Dev Cell 2016; 34:613-20. [PMID: 26418293 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
It is becoming clear that a radical change of cell identity of differentiated cells in vivo, triggered by injury or other adversity, provides an essential route to recovery for many different mammalian tissues. This process, which we term adaptive cellular reprogramming, promotes regeneration in one of two ways: by providing a transient class of repair cells or by directly replacing cells lost during tissue damage. Controlling adaptive changes in cell fate in vivo in order to promote the body's own cell therapy, particularly by pharmacology rather than genetics, is likely to become an increasingly active area of future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristjan R Jessen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Rhona Mirsky
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Peter Arthur-Farraj
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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