151
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Zhang G, Chen Y, Deng Y, Ngai T, Wang C. Dynamic Supramolecular Hydrogels: Regulating Hydrogel Properties through Self-Complementary Quadruple Hydrogen Bonds and Thermo-Switch. ACS Macro Lett 2017; 6:641-646. [PMID: 35650864 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We report here a supramolecular hydrogel displaying a wide array of dynamic desirable properties. The key is using an ABA triblock copolymer containing a central poly(ethylene oxide) block and terminal poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) block with ureido pyrimidinone (UPy) moieties randomly incorporated. Rapid hydrogelation is triggered upon increasing temperature above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the supramolecular copolymer, where PNIPAm segments dehydrate and assemble into micelles, which subsequently provide hydrophobic microenvironments promoting UPy dimerization to grab polymer chains, thus forming hydrogen-bonded cross-linking points. The supramolecular hydrogels demonstrate fascinating shear-thinning, self-healable, thermo-reversible, and injectable properties, which allow withstanding repeated deformations and 3D construction of complex objects. Mesenchymal stem cells mixed with the hydrogel and injected through needles remain highly viable (>90%) during the encapsulation and delivery process. With these attractive dynamic physical properties, the supramolecular hydrogel holds great promise to support cell or drug therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhao Zhang
- Research Institute
of Materials
Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yunhua Chen
- National Engineering Research Center
for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yonghong Deng
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - To Ngai
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Chaoyang Wang
- Research Institute
of Materials
Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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152
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Jamaiyar A, Wan W, Ohanyan V, Enrick M, Janota D, Cumpston D, Song H, Stevanov K, Kolz CL, Hakobyan T, Dong F, Newby BMZ, Chilian WM, Yin L. Alignment of inducible vascular progenitor cells on a micro-bundle scaffold improves cardiac repair following myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol 2017; 112:41. [PMID: 28540527 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-017-0631-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is still the leading cause of death even with the advancement of pharmaceutical therapies and surgical procedures. Early vascularization in the ischemic heart is critical for a better outcome. Although stem cell therapy has great potential for cardiovascular regeneration, the ideal cell type and delivery method of cells have not been resolved. We tested a new approach of stem cell therapy by delivery of induced vascular progenitor cells (iVPCs) grown on polymer micro-bundle scaffolds in a rat model of myocardial infarction. iVPCs partially reprogrammed from vascular endothelial cells (ECs) had potent angiogenic potential and were able to simultaneously differentiate into vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and ECs in 2D culture. Under hypoxic conditions, iVPCs also secreted angiogenic cytokines such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A longitudinal micro-scaffold made from poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) was sufficient for the growth and delivery of iVPCs. Co-cultured ECs and SMCs aligned well on the micro-bundle scaffold similarly as in the vessels. 3D cell/polymer micro-bundles formed by iVPCs and micro-scaffolds were transplanted into the ischemic myocardium in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI) with ligation of the left anterior descending artery. Our in vivo data showed that iVPCs on the micro-bundle scaffold had higher survival, and better retention and engraftment in the myocardium than free iVPCs. iVPCs on the micro-bundles promoted better cardiomyocyte survival than free iVPCs. Moreover, iVPCs and iVPC/polymer micro-bundles treatment improved cardiac function (ejection fraction and fractional shortening, endocardial systolic volume) measured by echocardiography, increased vessel density, and decreased infarction size [endocardial and epicardial infarct (scar) length] better than untreated controls at 8 weeks after MI. We conclude that iVPCs grown on a polymer micro-bundle scaffold are new promising approach for cell-based therapy designed for cardiovascular regeneration in ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Jamaiyar
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Weiguo Wan
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Vahagn Ohanyan
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Molly Enrick
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Danielle Janota
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Devan Cumpston
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Hokyung Song
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Kelly Stevanov
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Christopher L Kolz
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Tatev Hakobyan
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Feng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Bi-Min Zhang Newby
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - William M Chilian
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Liya Yin
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA.
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153
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Yin L, Yuvienco C, Montclare JK. Protein based therapeutic delivery agents: Contemporary developments and challenges. Biomaterials 2017; 134:91-116. [PMID: 28458031 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
As unique biopolymers, proteins can be employed for therapeutic delivery. They bear important features such as bioavailability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability with low toxicity serving as a platform for delivery of various small molecule therapeutics, gene therapies, protein biologics and cells. Depending on size and characteristic of the therapeutic, a variety of natural and engineered proteins or peptides have been developed. This, coupled to recent advances in synthetic and chemical biology, has led to the creation of tailor-made protein materials for delivery. This review highlights strategies employing proteins to facilitate the delivery of therapeutic matter, addressing the challenges for small molecule, gene, protein and cell transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Yin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY 11201, United States
| | - Carlo Yuvienco
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY 11201, United States
| | - Jin Kim Montclare
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY 11201, United States; Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, United States; Department of Biomaterials, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010, United States; Department of Biochemistry, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, United States.
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154
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Li F, Truong VX, Thissen H, Frith JE, Forsythe JS. Microfluidic Encapsulation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Articular Cartilage Tissue Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:8589-8601. [PMID: 28225583 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell injections for the treatment of articular cartilage damage are a promising approach to achieve tissue regeneration. However, this method is encumbered by high cell apoptosis rates, low retention in the cartilage lesion, and inefficient chondrogenesis. Here, we have used a facile, very low cost-based microfluidic technique to create visible light-cured microgels composed of gelatin norbornene (GelNB) and a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) cross-linker. In addition, we have demonstrated that the process enables the rapid in situ microencapsulation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) under biocompatible microfluidic-processing conditions for long-term maintenance. The hBMSCs exhibited an unusually high degree of chondrogenesis in the GelNB microgels with chondro-inductive media, specifically toward the hyaline cartilage structure, with significant upregulation in type II collagen expression compared to the bulk hydrogel and "gold standard" pellet culture. Overall, we have demonstrated that these protein-based microgels can be engineered as promising therapeutic candidates for articular cartilage regeneration, with additional potential to be used in a variety of other applications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanyi Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University , Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Vinh X Truong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University , Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Helmut Thissen
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Jessica E Frith
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University , Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - John S Forsythe
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University , Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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155
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Foster AA, Marquardt LM, Heilshorn SC. The Diverse Roles of Hydrogel Mechanics in Injectable Stem Cell Transplantation. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2017; 15:15-23. [PMID: 29085771 PMCID: PMC5659597 DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell delivery by local injection has tremendous potential as a regenerative therapy but has seen limited clinical success. Several mechanical challenges hinder therapeutic efficacy throughout all stages of cell transplantation, including mechanical forces during injection and loss of mechanical support post-injection. Recent studies have begun exploring the use of biomaterials, in particular hydrogels, to enhance stem cell transplantation by addressing the often-conflicting mechanical requirements associated with each stage of the transplantation process. This review explores recent biomaterial approaches to improve the therapeutic efficacy of stem cells delivered through local injection, with a focus on strategies that specifically address the mechanical challenges that result in cell death and/or limit therapeutic function throughout the stages of transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbygail A Foster
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Laura M Marquardt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Sarah C Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
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156
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Gwon K, Kim E, Tae G. Heparin-hyaluronic acid hydrogel in support of cellular activities of 3D encapsulated adipose derived stem cells. Acta Biomater 2017; 49:284-295. [PMID: 27919839 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We have developed stem cell-responsive, heparin-hyaluronic acid (Hep-HA) hydrogel, crosslinked by thiolated heparin (Hep-SH) and methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HA-MA) via visible light mediated, thiol-ene reaction. Physical properties of the hydrogel (gelation time, storage modulus, and swelling ratio) were tunable by adjusting light intensity, initiator/polymer concentration, and precursor pH. Culture of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) using this hydrogel was characterized and compared with the control hydrogels including Hep-PEG hydrogel, PEG-HA hydrogel. Sufficient initial adhesion and continuous proliferation of ADSCs in 2D were observed on both heparin-containing hydrogels (Hep-HA and Hep-PEG hydrogel) in contrast to no adhesion of ADSCs on PEG-HA hydrogel. On the other hand, in the case of 3D culture of encapsulated ADSCs, efficient cellular activities such as spreading, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of ADSCs were only observed in soft Hep-HA hydrogel compared to Hep-PEG or PEG-HA hydrogel with the similar modulus. The upregulated expressions of hyaluronidases in ADSCs encapsulated in Hep-HA hydrogel compared to the control hydrogels and effective degradation of the hydrogel by hyaluronidase imply that the degradation of hydrogel was necessary for 3D cellular activities. Thus, Hep-HA hydrogel, where heparin acts as a binding domain for ADSCs and HA acts as a degradation site by cell secreted enzymes, was efficient for 3D culture of human ADSCs without any additional modification using biological/chemical molecules. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Stem cell-responsive hydrogel composed of heparin and hyaluronic acid was prepared by visible light-mediated thiol-ene reaction. Without additional modification using functional peptides for cell adhesion and matrix degradation, ADSCs encapsulated in this hydrogel showed efficient cellular activities such as spreading, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of ADSCs whereas control hydrogels missing heparin or hyaluronic acid could not support cellular activities in 3D. In this hydrogel, heparin mainly acts as a binding domain for stem cells and hyaluronic acid mainly acts as a degradation site by ADSC secreted enzymes, but interrelated synergistic functions of heparin and HA were observed. Therefore, we speculate that this hydrogel can serve as a promising carrier for stem cell based therapy and various tissue engineering applications.
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157
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Liang Y, Li L, Scott RA, Kiick KL. Polymeric Biomaterials: Diverse Functions Enabled by Advances in Macromolecular Chemistry. Macromolecules 2017; 50:483-502. [PMID: 29151616 PMCID: PMC5687278 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials have been extensively used to leverage beneficial outcomes in various therapeutic applications, such as providing spatial and temporal control over the release of therapeutic agents in drug delivery as well as engineering functional tissues and promoting the healing process in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. This perspective presents important milestones in the development of polymeric biomaterials with defined structures and properties. Contemporary studies of biomaterial design have been reviewed with focus on constructing materials with controlled structure, dynamic functionality, and biological complexity. Examples of these polymeric biomaterials enabled by advanced synthetic methodologies, dynamic chemistry/assembly strategies, and modulated cell-material interactions have been highlighted. As the field of polymeric biomaterials continues to evolve with increased sophistication, current challenges and future directions for the design and translation of these materials are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingkai Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Linqing Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Rebecca A. Scott
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
- Nemours-Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Department of Biomedical Research, 1600 Rockland Road, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Kristi L. Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, 15 Innovation Way, Newark, DE, 19711, USA
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158
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Cai L, Dewi RE, Goldstone AB, Cohen JE, Steele AN, Woo YJ, Heilshorn SC. Regulating Stem Cell Secretome Using Injectable Hydrogels with In Situ Network Formation. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:2758-2764. [PMID: 27709809 PMCID: PMC5521188 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A family of shear-thinning hydrogels for injectable encapsulation and long-term delivery (SHIELD) has been designed and synthesized with controlled in situ stiffening properties to regulate the stem cell secretome. The authors demonstrate that SHIELD with an intermediate stiffness (200-400 Pa) could significantly promote the angiogenic potential of human adipose-derived stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ruby E Dewi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Andrew B Goldstone
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Cohen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Amanda N Steele
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Y Joseph Woo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Sarah C Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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159
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Taylor DL, In Het Panhuis M. Self-Healing Hydrogels. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:9060-9093. [PMID: 27488822 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201601613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 667] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, there has been a great deal of interest in the development of hydrogel materials with tunable structural, mechanical, and rheological properties, which exhibit rapid and autonomous self-healing and self-recovery for utilization in a broad range of applications, from soft robotics to tissue engineering. However, self-healing hydrogels generally either possess mechanically robust or rapid self-healing properties but not both. Hence, the development of a mechanically robust hydrogel material with autonomous self-healing on the time scale of seconds is yet to be fully realized. Here, the current advances in the development of autonomous self-healing hydrogels are reviewed. Specifically, methods to test self-healing efficiencies and recoveries, mechanisms of autonomous self-healing, and mechanically robust hydrogels are presented. The trends indicate that hydrogels that self-heal better also achieve self-healing faster, as compared to gels that only partially self-heal. Recommendations to guide future development of self-healing hydrogels are offered and the potential relevance of self-healing hydrogels to the exciting research areas of 3D/4D printing, soft robotics, and assisted health technologies is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Lynne Taylor
- Soft Materials Group, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Marc In Het Panhuis
- Soft Materials Group, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, AIIM Facility, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
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160
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Abstract
Harsh environments within damaged and diseased tissues and limited retention and survival of injected stem cells pose major challenges for stem cell therapeutics today. Here, we discuss promising hydrogel-based strategies for improving engraftment and viability of transplanted stem cells and stimulating recruitment of endogenous stem cells for repair.
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161
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Dubbin K, Hori Y, Lewis KK, Heilshorn SC. Dual-Stage Crosslinking of a Gel-Phase Bioink Improves Cell Viability and Homogeneity for 3D Bioprinting. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:2488-2492. [PMID: 27581767 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Current bioinks for cell-based 3D bioprinting are not suitable for technology scale-up due to the challenges of cell sedimentation, cell membrane damage, and cell dehydration. A novel bioink hydrogel is presented with dual-stage crosslinking specifically designed to overcome these three major hurdles. This bioink enables the direct patterning of highly viable, multicell type constructs with long-term spatial fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Dubbin
- Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Yuki Hori
- Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | | | - Sarah C. Heilshorn
- Materials Science and Engineering, 476 Lomita Mall Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
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162
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Webber MJ. Engineering responsive supramolecular biomaterials: Toward smart therapeutics. Bioeng Transl Med 2016; 1:252-266. [PMID: 29313016 PMCID: PMC5689538 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineering materials using supramolecular principles enables generalizable and modular platforms that have tunable chemical, mechanical, and biological properties. Applying this bottom-up, molecular engineering-based approach to therapeutic design affords unmatched control of emergent properties and functionalities. In preparing responsive materials for biomedical applications, the dynamic character of typical supramolecular interactions facilitates systems that can more rapidly sense and respond to specific stimuli through a fundamental change in material properties or characteristics, as compared to cases where covalent bonds must be overcome. Several supramolecular motifs have been evaluated toward the preparation of "smart" materials capable of sensing and responding to stimuli. Triggers of interest in designing materials for therapeutic use include applied external fields, environmental changes, biological actuators, applied mechanical loading, and modulation of relative binding affinities. In addition, multistimuli-responsive routes can be realized that capture combinations of triggers for increased functionality. In sum, supramolecular engineering offers a highly functional strategy to prepare responsive materials. Future development and refinement of these approaches will improve precision in material formation and responsiveness, seek dynamic reciprocity in interactions with living biological systems, and improve spatiotemporal sensing of disease for better therapeutic deployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Webber
- Dept. of Chemical & Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of Notre DameNotre DameIN46556
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163
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Marquardt LM, Heilshorn SC. Design of Injectable Materials to Improve Stem Cell Transplantation. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2016; 2:207-220. [PMID: 28868235 PMCID: PMC5576562 DOI: 10.1007/s40778-016-0058-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapies are steadily gaining traction for regenerative medicine approaches to treating disease and injury throughout the body. While a significant body of work has shown success in preclinical studies, results often fail to translate in clinical settings. One potential cause is the massive transplanted cell death that occurs post injection, preventing functional integration with host tissue. Therefore, current research is focusing on developing injectable hydrogel materials to protect cells during delivery and to stimulate endogenous regeneration through interactions of transplanted cells and host tissue. This review explores the design of targeted injectable hydrogel systems for improving the therapeutic potential of stem cells across a variety of tissue engineering applications with a focus on hydrogel materials that have progressed to the stage of preclinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Marquardt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Sarah C Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
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164
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Lin CY, Liu JC. Modular protein domains: an engineering approach toward functional biomaterials. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2016; 40:56-63. [PMID: 26971463 PMCID: PMC4975669 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein domains and peptide sequences are a powerful tool for conferring specific functions to engineered biomaterials. Protein sequences with a wide variety of functionalities, including structure, bioactivity, protein-protein interactions, and stimuli responsiveness, have been identified, and advances in molecular biology continue to pinpoint new sequences. Protein domains can be combined to make recombinant proteins with multiple functionalities. The high fidelity of the protein translation machinery results in exquisite control over the sequence of recombinant proteins and the resulting properties of protein-based materials. In this review, we discuss protein domains and peptide sequences in the context of functional protein-based materials, composite materials, and their biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charng-Yu Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2100, USA
| | - Julie C Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2100, USA; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2032, USA.
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165
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Kumar D, Lyness A, Gerges I, Lenardi C, Forsyth NR, Liu Y. Stem Cell Delivery With Polymer Hydrogel for Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: From 3D Culture to Design of the Delivery Device for Minimally Invasive Therapy. Cell Transplant 2016; 25:2213-2220. [PMID: 27452665 DOI: 10.3727/096368916x692618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue damage can induce detrimental mechanical strain on the biomechanical performance of intervertebral discs (IVDs), causing subsequent disc degeneration. A novel, photocurable, injectable, synthetic polymer hydrogel (pHEMA-co-APMA grafted with PAA) has already demonstrated success in encapsulating and differentiating human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) toward an NP phenotype during hypoxic conditions. After demonstration of promising results in our previous work, in this study we have further investigated the inclusion of mechanical stimulation and its impact on hMSC differentiation toward an NP phenotype through the characterization of matrix markers such as SOX-9, aggrecan, and collagen II. Furthermore, investigations were undertaken in order to approximate delivery parameters for an injection delivery device, which could be used to transport hMSCs suspended in hydrogel into the IVD. hMSC-laden hydrogel solutions were injected through various needle gauge sizes in order to determine its impact on postinjection cell viability and IVD tissue penetration. Interpretation of these data informed the design of a potential minimally invasive injection device, which could successfully inject hMSCs encapsulated in a UV-curable polymer into NP, prior to photo-cross-linking in situ.
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166
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O'Neill HS, Gallagher LB, O'Sullivan J, Whyte W, Curley C, Dolan E, Hameed A, O'Dwyer J, Payne C, O'Reilly D, Ruiz-Hernandez E, Roche ET, O'Brien FJ, Cryan SA, Kelly H, Murphy B, Duffy GP. Biomaterial-Enhanced Cell and Drug Delivery: Lessons Learned in the Cardiac Field and Future Perspectives. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:5648-5661. [PMID: 26840955 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure is a significant clinical issue. It is the cause of enormous healthcare costs worldwide and results in significant morbidity and mortality. Cardiac regenerative therapy has progressed considerably from clinical and preclinical studies delivering simple suspensions of cells, macromolecule, and small molecules to more advanced delivery methods utilizing biomaterial scaffolds as depots for localized targeted delivery to the damaged and ischemic myocardium. Here, regenerative strategies for cardiac tissue engineering with a focus on advanced delivery strategies and the use of multimodal therapeutic strategies are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh S O'Neill
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RSCI), 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering (TCBE), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Laura B Gallagher
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RSCI), 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering (TCBE), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Janice O'Sullivan
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RSCI), 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering (TCBE), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - William Whyte
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RSCI), 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Center (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Clive Curley
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RSCI), 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering (TCBE), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eimear Dolan
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RSCI), 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering (TCBE), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aamir Hameed
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RSCI), 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering (TCBE), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanne O'Dwyer
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RSCI), 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering (TCBE), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Christina Payne
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RSCI), 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Daniel O'Reilly
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RSCI), 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Eduardo Ruiz-Hernandez
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RSCI), 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering (TCBE), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Center (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ellen T Roche
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eng-2053, Engineering Building, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Fergal J O'Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RSCI), 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Center (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sally Ann Cryan
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RSCI), 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering (TCBE), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helena Kelly
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RSCI), 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bruce Murphy
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering (TCBE), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Center (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Garry P Duffy
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RSCI), 123, St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, D02 YN77, Ireland
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering (TCBE), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Center (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin, Ireland
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167
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Thakur A, Jaiswal MK, Peak CW, Carrow JK, Gentry J, Dolatshahi-Pirouz A, Gaharwar AK. Injectable shear-thinning nanoengineered hydrogels for stem cell delivery. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:12362-72. [PMID: 27270567 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr02299e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels are investigated for cell encapsulation and delivery as they can shield cells from high shear forces. One of the approaches to obtain injectable hydrogels is to reinforce polymeric networks with high aspect ratio nanoparticles such as two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials. 2D nanomaterials are an emerging class of ultrathin materials with a high degree of anisotropy and they strongly interact with polymers resulting in the formation of shear-thinning hydrogels. Here, we present 2D nanosilicate reinforced kappa-carrageenan (κCA) hydrogels for cellular delivery. κCA is a natural polysaccharide that resembles native glycosaminoglycans and can form brittle hydrogels via ionic crosslinking. The chemical modification of κCA with photocrosslinkable methacrylate groups renders the formation of a covalently crosslinked network (MκCA). Reinforcing the MκCA with 2D nanosilicates results in shear-thinning characteristics, and enhanced mechanical stiffness, elastomeric properties, and physiological stability. The shear-thinning characteristics of nanocomposite hydrogels are investigated for human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) delivery. The hMSCs showed high cell viability after injection and encapsulated cells showed a circular morphology. The proposed shear-thinning nanoengineered hydrogels can be used for cell delivery for cartilage tissue regeneration and 3D bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Thakur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX-77843, USA.
| | - Manish K Jaiswal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX-77843, USA.
| | - Charles W Peak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX-77843, USA.
| | - James K Carrow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX-77843, USA.
| | - James Gentry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX-77843, USA.
| | - Alireza Dolatshahi-Pirouz
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Nanotech, Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Kongens Lyngby, Region Hovedstaden, Denmark
| | - Akhilesh K Gaharwar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX-77843, USA. and Department of Materials Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX-77843, USA and Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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168
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Tsou YH, Khoneisser J, Huang PC, Xu X. Hydrogel as a bioactive material to regulate stem cell fate. Bioact Mater 2016; 1:39-55. [PMID: 29744394 PMCID: PMC5883979 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The encapsulation of stem cells in a hydrogel substrate provides a promising future in biomedical applications. However, communications between hydrogels and stem cells is complicated; various factors such as porosity, different polymer types, stiffness, compatibility and degradation will lead to stem cell survival or death. Hydrogels mimic the three-dimensional extracellular matrix to provide a friendly environment for stem cells. On the other hand, stem cells can sense the surroundings to make the next progression, stretching out, proliferating or just to remain. As such, understanding the correlation between stem cells and hydrogels is crucial. In this Review, we first discuss the varying types of the hydrogels and stem cells, which are most commonly used in the biomedical fields and further investigate how hydrogels interact with stem cells from the perspective of their biomedical application, while providing insights into the design and development of hydrogels for drug delivery, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine purpose. In addition, we compare the results such as stiffness, degradation time and pore size as well as peptide types of hydrogels from respected journals. We also discussed most recently magnificent materials and their effects to regulate stem cell fate. Hydrogels as Extracellular Matrix (ECM) mimics stem cells proliferation and differentiation. Discuss how hydrogels interact with stem cells from the perspective of their biomedical applications. Recent magnificent materials and their effects to regulate stem cells fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Hao Tsou
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Joe Khoneisser
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Ping-Chun Huang
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Xu
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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169
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Liu H, Liu J, Qi C, Fang Y, Zhang L, Zhuo R, Jiang X. Thermosensitive injectable in-situ forming carboxymethyl chitin hydrogel for three-dimensional cell culture. Acta Biomater 2016; 35:228-37. [PMID: 26911882 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels have gained great attentions for cell therapy and tissue regeneration as a result of the applications in minimally invasive surgical procedures with the ease of handling and complete filling of the defect area. Here, a novel biodegradable, thermosensitive and injectable carboxymethyl chitin (CMCH) hydrogel was developed for three-dimensional (3D) cell culture. The obtained CMCH solution remained transparent liquid flowing easily at low temperatures and gelled rapidly at 37°C. The gelation time of CMCH hydrogels could be easily tuned by varying temperature and the degree of carboxymethylation, which facilitates the cell encapsulation process at room temperature and in-situ forming hydrogel at body temperature. Moreover, the CMCH-14 hydrogels in PBS buffer remained stable and continuous porous structure and could be degraded in the presence of lysozyme or hyaluronidase. HeLa cells proliferated sustainably and self-assembled to form 3D multicellular spheroids with high cell activity on the surface of CMCH-14 hydrogel. Encapsulation of COS-7 cells within the in-situ forming CMCH hydrogel demonstrated that CMCH hydrogels promoted cell survival and proliferation. In vivo mouse study of the CMCH hydrogels showed good in-situ gel formation and tissue biocompatibility. Thus, the biodegradable thermosensitive injectable CMCH hydrogels hold potential for 3D cell culture and biomedical applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Biodegradable hydrogels have been widely studied for cell therapy and tissue regeneration. Herein, we report a novel thermosensitive injectable carboxymethyl chitin (CMCH) hydrogel for 3D cell culture, which was synthesized homogeneously from the bioactive natural chitin through the "green" process avoiding using organic solvent. The CMCH solutions exhibited rapid thermoresponsive sol-to-gel phase transition behavior at 37°C with controllable gelation times, which facilitates the cell encapsulation process at room temperature and in-situ forming hydrogel at body temperature. Importantly, in vitro 3D cell culture and in vivo mouse study of the CMCH hydrogel showed promotion of cell survival and proliferation, good in-situ gel formation and biocompatibility. We believe that such thermosensitive injectable CMCH hydrogels would be very useful for biomedical applications, such as tumor model for cancer research, post-operative adhesion prevention, the regeneration of cartilage and central nervous system and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Jia Liu
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, PR China
| | - Chao Qi
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, PR China
| | - Yapeng Fang
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 43006, PR China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Renxi Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Xulin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
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170
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Strandman S, Zhu XX. Self-Healing Supramolecular Hydrogels Based on Reversible Physical Interactions. Gels 2016; 2:E16. [PMID: 30674148 PMCID: PMC6318650 DOI: 10.3390/gels2020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic and reversible polymer networks capable of self-healing, i.e., restoring their mechanical properties after deformation and failure, are gaining increasing research interest, as there is a continuous need towards extending the lifetime and improving the safety and performance of materials particularly in biomedical applications. Hydrogels are versatile materials that may allow self-healing through a variety of covalent and non-covalent bonding strategies. The structural recovery of physical gels has long been a topic of interest in soft materials physics and various supramolecular interactions can induce this kind of recovery. This review highlights the non-covalent strategies of building self-repairing hydrogels and the characterization of their mechanical properties. Potential applications and future prospects of these materials are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satu Strandman
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - X X Zhu
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
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171
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Navaei A, Truong D, Heffernan J, Cutts J, Brafman D, Sirianni RW, Vernon B, Nikkhah M. PNIPAAm-based biohybrid injectable hydrogel for cardiac tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2016; 32:10-23. [PMID: 26689467 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Injectable biomaterials offer a non-invasive approach to deliver cells into the myocardial infarct region to maintain a high level of cell retention and viability and initiate the regeneration process. However, previously developed injectable matrices often suffer from low bioactivity or poor mechanical properties. To address this need, we introduced a biohybrid temperature-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) PNIPAAm-Gelatin-based injectable hydrogel with excellent bioactivity as well as mechanical robustness for cardiac tissue engineering. A unique feature of our work was that we performed extensive in vitro biological analyses to assess the functionalities of cardiomyocytes (CMs) alone and in co-culture with cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) (2:1 ratio) within the hydrogel matrix. The synthesized hydrogel exhibited viscoelastic behavior (storage modulus: 1260 Pa) and necessary water content (75%) to properly accommodate the cardiac cells. The encapsulated cells demonstrated a high level of cell survival (90% for co-culture condition, day 7) and spreading throughout the hydrogel matrix in both culture conditions. A dense network of stained F-actin fibers (∼ 6 × 10(4) μm(2) area coverage, co-culture condition) illustrated the formation of an intact and three dimensional (3D) cell-embedded matrix. Furthermore, immunostaining and gene expression analyses revealed mature phenotypic characteristics of cardiac cells. Notably, the co-culture group exhibited superior structural organization and cell-cell coupling, as well as beating behavior (average ∼ 45 beats per min, co-culture condition, day 7). The outcome of this study is envisioned to open a new avenue for extensive in vitro characterization of injectable matrices embedded with 3D mono- and co-culture of cardiac cells prior to in vivo experiments. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In this work, we synthesized a new class of biohybrid temperature-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) PNIPAAm-Gelatin-based injectable hydrogel with suitable bioactivity and mechanical properties for cardiac tissue engineering. A significant aspect of our work was that we performed extensive in vitro biological analyses to assess the functionality of cardiomyocytes alone and in co-culture with cardiac fibroblasts encapsulated within the 3D hydrogel matrix.
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172
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Rao SR, Subbarayan R, Dinesh MG, Arumugam G, Raja STK. Differentiation of human gingival mesenchymal stem cells into neuronal lineages in 3D bioconjugated injectable protein hydrogel construct for the management of neuronal disorder. Exp Mol Med 2016; 48:e209. [PMID: 26869025 PMCID: PMC4892868 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2015.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The success of regeneration attempt is based on an ideal combination of stem cells, scaffolding and growth factors. Tissue constructs help to maintain stem cells in a required area for a desired time. There is a need for easily obtainable cells, potentially autologous stem cells and a biologically acceptable scaffold for use in humans in different difficult situations. This study aims to address these issues utilizing a unique combination of stem cells from gingiva and a hydrogel scaffold, based on a natural product for regenerative application. Human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (HGMSCs) were, with due induction, differentiated to neuronal lineages to overcome the problems associated with birth tissue-related stem cells. The differentiation potential of neuronal lineages was confirmed with suitable specific markers. The properties of mesenchymal stem cells in encapsulated form were observed to be similar to free cells. The encapsulated cells (3D) were then subjected to differentiation into neuronal lineages with suitable inducers, and the morphology and gene expression of transient cells were analyzed. HGMSCs was differentiated into neuronal lineages as both free and encapsulated forms without any significant differences. The presence of Nissl bodies and the neurite outgrowth confirm the differentiation. The advantages of this new combination appear to make it a promising tissue construct for translational application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Ranga Rao
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India
| | - Rajasekaran Subbarayan
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Central Research Facility, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India
| | - Murugan Girija Dinesh
- Centres for Indian Systems of Medicine Quality Assurance and Standardization, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India
| | - Gnanamani Arumugam
- Microbiology Division, Central Leather Research Institute Adyar, Chennai, India
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173
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Chassenieux C, Tsitsilianis C. Recent trends in pH/thermo-responsive self-assembling hydrogels: from polyions to peptide-based polymeric gelators. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:1344-1359. [PMID: 26781351 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm02710a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we highlight some recent developments in "smart" physical hydrogels achieved by self-assembling of block type macromolecules. More precisely we focus on two interesting types of gelators namely conventional ionic (or ionogenic) block copolymers and peptide-based polymers having as a common feature their responsiveness to pH and/or temperature which are the main triggers used for potential biomedical applications. Taking advantage of the immense skills of conventional block copolymer hydrogelators, namely macromolecular design, self-assembling mechanism, gel rheological properties, responsiveness to various triggers and innovative applications, the development of novel self-assembling gelators, integrating the new knowledge emerging from the peptide-based systems, opens new horizons towards bio-inspired technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Chassenieux
- LUNAM Université, Université du Maine, IMMM-UMR CNRS 6283, Département Polymères, Colloides et Interfaces, av. O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Μans cedex 9, France
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174
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Rosales AM, Anseth KS. The design of reversible hydrogels to capture extracellular matrix dynamics. NATURE REVIEWS. MATERIALS 2016; 1:15012. [PMID: 29214058 PMCID: PMC5714327 DOI: 10.1038/natrevmats.2015.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 452] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic environment that constantly provides physical and chemical cues to embedded cells. Much progress has been made in engineering hydrogels that can mimic the ECM, but hydrogel properties are, in general, static. To recapitulate the dynamic nature of the ECM, many reversible chemistries have been incorporated into hydrogels to regulate cell spreading, biochemical ligand presentation and matrix mechanics. For example, emerging trends include the use of molecular photoswitches or biomolecule hybridization to control polymer chain conformation, thereby enabling the modulation of the hydrogel between two states on demand. In addition, many non-covalent, dynamic chemical bonds have found increasing use as hydrogel crosslinkers or tethers for cell signalling molecules. These reversible chemistries will provide greater temporal control of adhered cell behaviour, and they allow for more advanced in vitro models and tissue-engineering scaffolds to direct cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianne M Rosales
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Kristi S Anseth
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
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175
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Engineered Polymeric Hydrogels for 3D Tissue Models. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:polym8010023. [PMID: 30979118 PMCID: PMC6432530 DOI: 10.3390/polym8010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymeric biomaterials are widely used in a wide range of biomedical applications due to their unique properties, such as biocompatibility, multi-tunability and easy fabrication. Specifically, polymeric hydrogel materials are extensively utilized as therapeutic implants and therapeutic vehicles for tissue regeneration and drug delivery systems. Recently, hydrogels have been developed as artificial cellular microenvironments because of the structural and physiological similarity to native extracellular matrices. With recent advances in hydrogel materials, many researchers are creating three-dimensional tissue models using engineered hydrogels and various cell sources, which is a promising platform for tissue regeneration, drug discovery, alternatives to animal models and the study of basic cell biology. In this review, we discuss how polymeric hydrogels are used to create engineered tissue constructs. Specifically, we focus on emerging technologies to generate advanced tissue models that precisely recapitulate complex native tissues in vivo.
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176
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Design of Self-Assembling Protein-Polymer Conjugates. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 940:179-214. [PMID: 27677514 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-39196-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Protein-polymer conjugates are of particular interest for nanobiotechnology applications because of the various and complementary roles that each component may play in composite hybrid-materials. This chapter focuses on the design principles and applications of self-assembling protein-polymer conjugate materials. We address the general design methodology, from both synthetic and genetic perspective, conjugation strategies, protein vs. polymer driven self-assembly and finally, emerging applications for conjugate materials. By marrying proteins and polymers into conjugated bio-hybrid materials, materials scientists, chemists, and biologists alike, have at their fingertips a vast toolkit for material design. These inherently hierarchical structures give rise to useful patterning, mechanical and transport properties that may help realize new, more efficient materials for energy generation, catalysis, nanorobots, etc.
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177
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Wang L, Lu C, Liu H, Lin S, Nan K, Chen H, Li L. A double network strategy to improve epithelization of a poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogel for corneal repair application. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17726j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a novel double network scaffold and its preparation methods, in which a cell-affinitive hydrogel was made by poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and modified gelatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
- People's Republic of China
| | - Conglie Lu
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- People's Republic of China
| | - Huihua Liu
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
- People's Republic of China
| | - Sen Lin
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- People's Republic of China
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
- People's Republic of China
| | - Kaihui Nan
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- People's Republic of China
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- People's Republic of China
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
- People's Republic of China
| | - Lingli Li
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- People's Republic of China
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
- People's Republic of China
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178
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Yang W, Wu X, Liu F, Dou Y, Hu Z, Hao W. A fluorescent, self-healing and pH sensitive hydrogel rapidly fabricated from HPAMAM and oxidized alginate with injectability. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02366e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional hydrogels were fabricated from HPAMAM and oxidized Alginate via electrostatic force, hydrogen bonds and acylhydrazone bonds. They are injectable, fluorescent, pH sensitive, biodegradable, and also able to release drug and self-heal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yang
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- P. R. China 230009
| | - Xiaotian Wu
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- P. R. China 230009
| | - Fangbing Liu
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- P. R. China 230009
| | - Yan Dou
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- P. R. China 230009
| | - Zhenhu Hu
- Department of Municipal Engineering
- School of Civil Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- P. R. China 230009
| | - Wentao Hao
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- P. R. China 230009
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179
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Miao T, Fenn SL, Charron PN, Oldinski RA. Self-Healing and Thermoresponsive Dual-Cross-Linked Alginate Hydrogels Based on Supramolecular Inclusion Complexes. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:3740-50. [PMID: 26509214 PMCID: PMC4679680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD), with a lipophilic inner cavity and hydrophilic outer surface, interacts with a large variety of nonpolar guest molecules to form noncovalent inclusion complexes. Conjugation of β-CD onto biomacromolecules can form physically cross-linked hydrogel networks upon mixing with a guest molecule. Herein, the development and characterization of self-healing, thermoresponsive hydrogels, based on host-guest inclusion complexes between alginate-graft-β-CD and Pluronic F108 (poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(propylene glycol)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)), are described. The mechanics, flow characteristics, and thermal response were contingent on the polymer concentration and the host-guest molar ratio. Transient and reversible physical cross-linking between host and guest polymers governed self-assembly, allowing flow to occur under shear stress and facilitating complete recovery of the material's properties within a few seconds of unloading. The mechanical properties of the dual-cross-linked, multi-stimuli-responsive hydrogels were tuned as high as 30 kPa at body temperature and are advantageous for biomedical applications such as drug delivery and cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxin Miao
- Bioengineering Program, College of Engineering and Mathematical Science, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Spencer L. Fenn
- Bioengineering Program, College of Engineering and Mathematical Science, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Patrick N. Charron
- Mechanical Engineering Program, College of Engineering and Mathematical Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Rachael A. Oldinski
- Bioengineering Program, College of Engineering and Mathematical Science, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- Mechanical Engineering Program, College of Engineering and Mathematical Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- Materials Science Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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180
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Kim EJ, Choi JS, Kim JS, Choi YC, Cho YW. Injectable and Thermosensitive Soluble Extracellular Matrix and Methylcellulose Hydrogels for Stem Cell Delivery in Skin Wounds. Biomacromolecules 2015; 17:4-11. [PMID: 26607961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) provides structural support and biochemical cues for tissue development and regeneration. Here we report a thermosensitive hydrogel composed of soluble ECM (sECM) and methylcellulose (MC) for injectable stem cell delivery. The sECM was prepared by denaturing solid ECM extracted from human adipose tissue and then blended with a MC solution. At low temperatures, the sECM-MC solution displayed a viscous solution state in which the loss modulus (G″) was predominant over the storage modulus (G'). With increasing temperature, G' increased dramatically and eventually exceeded G″ around 34 °C, characteristic of the transition from a liquid-like state to an elastic gel-like state. After a single injection of the stem cell-embedded hydrogel in full thickness cutaneous wound, the wound healed rapidly through re-epithelialization and neovascularization with minimum scar formation. The overall results suggest that in-situ-forming sECM-MC hydrogels are a promising injectable vehicle for stem cell delivery and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ji Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University , Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Suk Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University , Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Sung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University , Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chan Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University , Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Woo Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University , Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 426-791, Republic of Korea
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181
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Glassman MJ, Olsen BD. Arrested Phase Separation of Elastin-like Polypeptide Solutions Yields Stiff, Thermoresponsive Gels. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:3762-73. [PMID: 26545151 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of new responsive hydrogels is crucial for the development of soft materials for various applications, including additive manufacturing and biomedical implants. Here, we report the discovery of a new mechanism for forming physical hydrogels by the arrested phase separation of a subclass of responsively hydrophobic elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs). When moderately concentrated solutions of ELPs with the pentapeptide repeat (XPAVG)n (where X is either 20% or 60% valine with the remainder isoleucine) are warmed above their inverse transition temperature, phase separation becomes arrested, and hydrogels can be formed with shear moduli on the order of 0.1-1 MPa at 20 wt % in water. The longest stress relaxation times are well beyond 10(3) s. This result is surprising because ELPs are classically known for thermoresponsive coacervation that leads to macrophase separation, and solids are typically formed in the bulk or by supplemental cross-linking strategies. This new mechanism can form gels with remarkable mechanical behavior based on simple macromolecules that can be easily engineered. Small angle scattering experiments indicate that phase separation arrests to form a network of nanoscale domains, exhibiting rheological and structural features consistent with an arrested spinodal decomposition mechanism. Gel nanostructure can be modeled as a disordered bicontinuous network with interdomain, intradomain, and curvature length scales that can be controlled by sequence design and assembly conditions. These studies introduce a new class of reversible, responsive materials based on a classic artificial biopolymer that is a versatile platform to address critical challenges in industrial and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Glassman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Room 66-153, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bradley D Olsen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Room 66-153, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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182
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Liu X, Miller AL, Waletzki BE, Mamo TK, Yaszemski MJ, Lu L. Hydrolysable core crosslinked particle for receptor-mediated pH-sensitive anticancer drug delivery. NEW J CHEM 2015; 39:8840-8847. [PMID: 27134519 PMCID: PMC4846283 DOI: 10.1039/c5nj01404b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable micelle systems with both extracellular stabilities and specific targeting properties are highly desirable for anti-cancer drug delivery. Here, we report a biodegradable and crosslinkable poly(propylene fumarate)-co-poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-co-poly(ethylene glycol) (PPF-PLGA-PEG) copolymer conjugated with folate (FA) molecules for receptor-mediated delivery of doxorubicin. Micelles with folate ligands on surface and fumarate bonds within the core were self-assembled and crosslinked, which exhibited better stability against potential physiological conditions during and after drug administration. A pH sensitive drug release profile was observed showing robust release at acidic environment due to the ester hydrolysis of PLGA (50:50). Further, micelles with folate ligands on surface showed strong targeting ability and therapeutic efficacy through receptor-mediated endocytosis, as evidenced by efficacious cancer killing and fatal DNA damage. These results imply promising potential for ligand-conjugated core crosslinked PPF-PLGA-PEG-FA micelles as carrier system for targeted anti-cancer drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - A. Lee Miller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Brian E. Waletzki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Tewodros K. Mamo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael J. Yaszemski
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Lichun Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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183
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Rodell CB, Mealy JE, Burdick JA. Supramolecular Guest-Host Interactions for the Preparation of Biomedical Materials. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:2279-89. [PMID: 26439898 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular chemistry has emerged as an important technique for the formation of biomaterials, including nano- and microparticles and hydrogels. One specific class of supramolecular chemistry is the direct association of guest-host pairs, which involves host macrocycles such as cyclodextrins and cucurbit[n]urils and a wide range of guest molecules, where association is typically driven by molecule size and hydrophobicity. These systems are of particular interest in the biomedical field due to their dynamic nature, chemical diversity, relative ease of synthesis, and ability to interact with biological or synthetic molecules. In this review, we discuss aspects of polymeric material assembly mediated by guest-host interactions, including the fundamentals of assembly into functional biomedical materials. Additionally, applications of biomaterials that utilize guest-host interactions are discussed with a focus on injectable material formulations, the sequestration and delivery of encapsulated cargo (i.e., drugs, biomolecules), and the investigation of cell-material interactions (i.e., adhesion, differentiation, and delivery). While methodologies for guest-host mediated assembly and biological interaction have rapidly evolved in recent years, they remain far from realizing their full potential in the biomaterials field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B Rodell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Joshua E Mealy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jason A Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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184
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Appel EA, Tibbitt MW, Greer JM, Fenton OS, Kreuels K, Anderson DG, Langer R. Exploiting Electrostatic Interactions in Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:848-852. [PMID: 35596508 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Shear-thinning injectable hydrogels exploit dynamic noncovalent cross-links to flow upon applied stress and rapidly self-heal once the stress is relaxed. These materials continue to gather interest as they afford minimally invasive deployment in the body for a variety of biomedical applications. Here, we present rationally engineered polymer-nanoparticle (PNP) interactions based on electrostatic forces for the fabrication of self-assembled hydrogels with shear-thinning and self-healing properties. The selective adsorption of negatively charged biopolymers, including hyaluronic acid (HA) and carboxymethylcellulose (CBMC), to biodegradable nanoparticles comprising poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactic acid) (PEG-b-PLA) is enhanced with a positively charged surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). We demonstrate that, in this manner, electrostatic interactions can be leveraged to fabricate PNP hydrogels and characterize the viscoelastic properties of the gels imparted by CBMC and HA. This work introduces PNP hydrogels that use common biopolymers without the need for chemical modification, yielding extremely facile preparation and processing, which when coupled with the tunability of their properties are distinguishing features for many important biomedical and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A. Appel
- David H.
Koch Institute for
Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, and
Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mark W. Tibbitt
- David H.
Koch Institute for
Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, and
Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jessica M. Greer
- David H.
Koch Institute for
Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, and
Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Owen S. Fenton
- David H.
Koch Institute for
Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, and
Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Klaus Kreuels
- David H.
Koch Institute for
Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, and
Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Daniel G. Anderson
- David H.
Koch Institute for
Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, and
Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Robert Langer
- David H.
Koch Institute for
Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, and
Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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185
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Wang H, Heilshorn SC. Adaptable hydrogel networks with reversible linkages for tissue engineering. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:3717-36. [PMID: 25989348 PMCID: PMC4528979 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201501558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Adaptable hydrogels have recently emerged as a promising platform for three-dimensional (3D) cell encapsulation and culture. In conventional, covalently crosslinked hydrogels, degradation is typically required to allow complex cellular functions to occur, leading to bulk material degradation. In contrast, adaptable hydrogels are formed by reversible crosslinks. Through breaking and re-formation of the reversible linkages, adaptable hydrogels can be locally modified to permit complex cellular functions while maintaining their long-term integrity. In addition, these adaptable materials can have biomimetic viscoelastic properties that make them well suited for several biotechnology and medical applications. In this review, an overview of adaptable-hydrogel design considerations and linkage selections is presented, with a focus on various cell-compatible crosslinking mechanisms that can be exploited to form adaptable hydrogels for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Wang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sarah C. Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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186
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Cutts J, Nikkhah M, Brafman DA. Biomaterial Approaches for Stem Cell-Based Myocardial Tissue Engineering. Biomark Insights 2015; 10:77-90. [PMID: 26052226 PMCID: PMC4451817 DOI: 10.4137/bmi.s20313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult and pluripotent stem cells represent a ready supply of cellular raw materials that can be used to generate the functionally mature cells needed to replace damaged or diseased heart tissue. However, the use of stem cells for cardiac regenerative therapies is limited by the low efficiency by which stem cells are differentiated in vitro to cardiac lineages as well as the inability to effectively deliver stem cells and their derivatives to regions of damaged myocardium. In this review, we discuss the various biomaterial-based approaches that are being implemented to direct stem cell fate both in vitro and in vivo. First, we discuss the stem cell types available for cardiac repair and the engineering of naturally and synthetically derived biomaterials to direct their in vitro differentiation to the cell types that comprise heart tissue. Next, we describe biomaterial-based approaches that are being implemented to enhance the in vivo integration and differentiation of stem cells delivered to areas of cardiac damage. Finally, we present emerging trends of using stem cell-based biomaterial approaches to deliver pro-survival factors and fully vascularized tissue to the damaged and diseased cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Cutts
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Mehdi Nikkhah
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - David A Brafman
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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187
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Liu X, Miller AL, Yaszemski MJ, Lu L. Biodegradable and crosslinkable PPF-PLGA-PEG self-assembled nanoparticles dual-decorated with folic acid ligands and rhodamine B fluorescent probes for targeted cancer imaging. RSC Adv 2015; 5:33275-33282. [PMID: 35330847 PMCID: PMC8942413 DOI: 10.1039/c5ra04096e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel biodegradable and crosslinkable copolymers of hydrophobic poly(propylene fumarate)-co-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PPF-PLGA) linked with hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), namely PPF-PLGA-PEG, were developed and fabricated into core-shell nanoparticles through self-assembly and photocrosslinking. A fluorescent probe, rhodamine B (RhB), was conjugated to the end of the copolymer chain (PPF-PLGA-PEG-RhB), which allows tracking of the nanoparticles through visualizing the fluorescence probe. Folic acid (FA) ligand was conjugated to another series of chains (PPF-PLGA-PEG-FA) for targeted delivery of the nanoparticles to the tumor sites by binding to the ubiquitously overexpressed FA receptors on tumor cells. Our results showed that PPF-PLGA-PEG nanoparticles incorporated with RhB fluorescence probes and FA tumor binding ligands have specific cancer cell targeting and imaging abilities. These crosslinkable nanoparticles are potentially useful to serve as a platform for conjugation of fluorescence probes as well as various antibodies and peptides for cancer targeted imaging or drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - A Lee Miller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael J Yaszemski
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Lichun Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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