151
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Show PL, Tang MSY, Nagarajan D, Ling TC, Ooi CW, Chang JS. A Holistic Approach to Managing Microalgae for Biofuel Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18010215. [PMID: 28117737 PMCID: PMC5297844 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae contribute up to 60% of the oxygen content in the Earth’s atmosphere by absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen during photosynthesis. Microalgae are abundantly available in the natural environment, thanks to their ability to survive and grow rapidly under harsh and inhospitable conditions. Microalgal cultivation is environmentally friendly because the microalgal biomass can be utilized for the productions of biofuels, food and feed supplements, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics. The cultivation of microalgal also can complement approaches like carbon dioxide sequestration and bioremediation of wastewaters, thereby addressing the serious environmental concerns. This review focuses on the factors affecting microalgal cultures, techniques adapted to obtain high-density microalgal cultures in photobioreactors, and the conversion of microalgal biomass into biofuels. The applications of microalgae in carbon dioxide sequestration and phycoremediation of wastewater are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia.
| | - Malcolm S Y Tang
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Dillirani Nagarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Tau Chuan Ling
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Chien-Wei Ooi
- Chemical Engineering Discipline and Advanced Engineering Platform, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
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152
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Morschett H, Schiprowski D, Rohde J, Wiechert W, Oldiges M. Comparative evaluation of phototrophic microtiter plate cultivation against laboratory-scale photobioreactors. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2017; 40:663-673. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1731-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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153
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Puyol D, Batstone DJ, Hülsen T, Astals S, Peces M, Krömer JO. Resource Recovery from Wastewater by Biological Technologies: Opportunities, Challenges, and Prospects. Front Microbiol 2017; 7:2106. [PMID: 28111567 PMCID: PMC5216025 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Limits in resource availability are driving a change in current societal production systems, changing the focus from residues treatment, such as wastewater treatment, toward resource recovery. Biotechnological processes offer an economic and versatile way to concentrate and transform resources from waste/wastewater into valuable products, which is a prerequisite for the technological development of a cradle-to-cradle bio-based economy. This review identifies emerging technologies that enable resource recovery across the wastewater treatment cycle. As such, bioenergy in the form of biohydrogen (by photo and dark fermentation processes) and biogas (during anaerobic digestion processes) have been classic targets, whereby, direct transformation of lipidic biomass into biodiesel also gained attention. This concept is similar to previous biofuel concepts, but more sustainable, as third generation biofuels and other resources can be produced from waste biomass. The production of high value biopolymers (e.g., for bioplastics manufacturing) from organic acids, hydrogen, and methane is another option for carbon recovery. The recovery of carbon and nutrients can be achieved by organic fertilizer production, or single cell protein generation (depending on the source) which may be utilized as feed, feed additives, next generation fertilizers, or even as probiotics. Additionlly, chemical oxidation-reduction and bioelectrochemical systems can recover inorganics or synthesize organic products beyond the natural microbial metabolism. Anticipating the next generation of wastewater treatment plants driven by biological recovery technologies, this review is focused on the generation and re-synthesis of energetic resources and key resources to be recycled as raw materials in a cradle-to-cradle economy concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Puyol
- Group of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Experimental Sciences and Technology, King Juan Carlos UniversityMostoles, Spain
| | - Damien J. Batstone
- Advanced Water Management Centre, University of Queensland, BrisbaneQLD, Australia
- CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, ClaytonVIC, Australia
| | - Tim Hülsen
- Advanced Water Management Centre, University of Queensland, BrisbaneQLD, Australia
- CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, ClaytonVIC, Australia
| | - Sergi Astals
- Advanced Water Management Centre, University of Queensland, BrisbaneQLD, Australia
| | - Miriam Peces
- Centre for Solid Waste Bioprocessing, School of Civil Engineering, University of Queensland, BrisbaneQLD, Australia
| | - Jens O. Krömer
- Advanced Water Management Centre, University of Queensland, BrisbaneQLD, Australia
- Centre for Microbial Electrochemical Systems, University of Queensland, BrisbaneQLD, Australia
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154
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Terrestrial Microalgae: Novel Concepts for Biotechnology and Applications. PROGRESS IN BOTANY VOL. 79 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/124_2017_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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155
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Benvenuti G, Ruiz J, Lamers PP, Bosma R, Wijffels RH, Barbosa MJ. Towards microalgal triglycerides in the commodity markets. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:188. [PMID: 28725268 PMCID: PMC5514516 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0873-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microalgal triglycerides (TAGs) hold great promise as sustainable feedstock for commodity industries. However, to determine research priorities and support business decisions, solid techno-economic studies are essential. Here, we present a techno-economic analysis of two-step TAG production (growth reactors are operated in continuous mode such that multiple batch-operated stress reactors are inoculated and harvested sequentially) for a 100-ha plant in southern Spain using vertically stacked tubular photobioreactors. The base case is established with outdoor pilot-scale data and based on current process technology. RESULTS For the base case, production costs of 6.7 € per kg of biomass containing 24% TAG (w/w) were found. Several scenarios with reduced production costs were then presented based on the latest biological and technological advances. For instance, much effort should focus on increasing the photosynthetic efficiency during the stress and growth phases, as this is the most influential parameter on production costs (30 and 14% cost reduction from base case). Next, biological and technological solutions should be implemented for a reduction in cooling requirements (10 and 4.5% cost reduction from base case when active cooling is avoided and cooling setpoint is increased, respectively). When implementing all the suggested improvements, production costs can be decreased to 3.3 € per kg of biomass containing 60% TAG (w/w) within the next 8 years. CONCLUSIONS With our techno-economic analysis, we indicated a roadmap for a substantial cost reduction. However, microalgal TAGs are not yet cost efficient when compared to their present market value. Cost-competiveness strictly relies on the valorization of the whole biomass components and on cheaper PBR designs (e.g. plastic film flat panels). In particular, further research should focus on the development and commercialization of PBRs where active cooling is avoided and stable operating temperatures are maintained by the water basin in which the reactor is placed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Benvenuti
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jesús Ruiz
- Algades–Alga, Development, Engineering and Services, S.L., c. Margaritas, Costa Oeste, El Puerto de Santa María, 11500 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Packo P. Lamers
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rouke Bosma
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - René H. Wijffels
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8049 Bodø, Norway
| | - Maria J. Barbosa
- Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
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156
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Mortezaeikia V, Yegani R, Tavakoli O. Membrane-sparger vs. membrane contactor as a photobioreactors for carbon dioxide biofixation of Synechococcus elongatus in batch and semi-continuous mode. J CO2 UTIL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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157
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158
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Sun Y, Liao Q, Huang Y, Xia A, Fu Q, Zhu X, Zheng Y. Integrating planar waveguides doped with light scattering nanoparticles into a flat-plate photobioreactor to improve light distribution and microalgae growth. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 220:215-224. [PMID: 27573475 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Industrially manufactured planar waveguides doped with light scattering nanoparticles, which can dilute and redistribute the intense incident light within microalgae suspension more uniformly, were introduced into a flat-plate photobioreactor (PBR) with a width of 25cm to alleviate the adverse effect of poor light penetrability on microalgae growth. Compared with the flat-plate PBR without waveguides, the illumination surface area per unit volume in the proposed PBR was increased by 10.3 times. During the whole cultivation period, the illuminated volume fractions in the proposed PBR were 21.4-410% higher than those in the flat-plate PBR without waveguides. Consequently, attributed to the optimized light distribution in the proposed PBR, a 220% improvement in biomass production was obtained relative to that in the flat-plate PBR without waveguides. Furthermore, higher light output intensities emitted from the planar waveguide surfaces and increased microalgae growth rates were achieved by decreasing the length of planar waveguides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Yun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qian Fu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yaping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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159
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Acién FG, Gómez-Serrano C, Morales-Amaral MM, Fernández-Sevilla JM, Molina-Grima E. Wastewater treatment using microalgae: how realistic a contribution might it be to significant urban wastewater treatment? Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:9013-9022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7835-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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160
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de Vree JH, Bosma R, Wieggers R, Gegic S, Janssen M, Barbosa MJ, Wijffels RH. Turbidostat operation of outdoor pilot-scale photobioreactors. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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161
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Thomas DM, Mechery J, Paulose SV. Carbon dioxide capture strategies from flue gas using microalgae: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:16926-16940. [PMID: 27397026 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7158-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Global warming and pollution are the twin crises experienced globally. Biological offset of these crises are gaining importance because of its zero waste production and the ability of the organisms to thrive under extreme or polluted condition. In this context, this review highlights the recent developments in carbon dioxide (CO2) capture from flue gas using microalgae and finding the best microalgal remediation strategy through contrast and comparison of different strategies. Different flue gas microalgal remediation strategies discussed are as follows: (i) Flue gas to CO2 gas segregation using adsorbents for microalgal mitigation, (ii) CO2 separation from flue gas using absorbents and later regeneration for microalgal mitigation, (iii) Flue gas to liquid conversion for direct microalgal mitigation, and (iv) direct flue gas mitigation using microalgae. This work also studies the economic feasibility of microalgal production. The study discloses that the direct convening of flue gas with high carbon dioxide content, into microalgal system is cost-effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniya M Thomas
- School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, PD Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India.
| | - Jerry Mechery
- School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, PD Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India
| | - Sylas V Paulose
- School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, PD Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India
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162
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Krujatz F, Fehse K, Jahnel M, Gommel C, Schurig C, Lindner F, Bley T, Weber J, Steingroewer J. MicrOLED-photobioreactor: Design and characterization of a milliliter-scale Flat-Panel-Airlift-photobioreactor with optical process monitoring. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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163
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Hülsen T, Barry EM, Lu Y, Puyol D, Keller J, Batstone DJ. Domestic wastewater treatment with purple phototrophic bacteria using a novel continuous photo anaerobic membrane bioreactor. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 100:486-495. [PMID: 27232993 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A key future challenge of domestic wastewater treatment is nutrient recovery while still achieving acceptable discharge limits. Nutrient partitioning using purple phototrophic bacteria (PPB) has the potential to biologically concentrate nutrients through growth. This study evaluates the use of PPB in a continuous photo-anaerobic membrane bioreactor (PAnMBR) for simultaneous organics and nutrient removal from domestic wastewater. This process could continuously treat domestic wastewater to discharge limits (<50 mgCOD L(-1), 5 mgN L(-1), 1.0 mgP L(-1)). Approximately 6.4 ± 1.3 gNH4-N and 1.1 ± 0.2 gPO4-P for every 100 gSCOD were removed at a hydraulic retention time of 8-24 h and volumetric loading rates of 0.8-2.5 COD kg m(3) d(-1). Thus, a minimum of 200 mg L(-1) of ethanol (to provide soluble COD) was required to achieve these discharge limits. Microbial community through sequencing indicated dominance of >60% of PPB, though the PPB community was highly variable. The outcomes from the current work demonstrate the potential of PPB for continuous domestic (and possibly industrial) wastewater treatment and nutrient recovery. Technical challenges include the in situ COD supply in a continuous reactor system, as well as efficient light delivery. Addition of external (agricultural or fossil) derived organics is not financially nor environmentally justified, and carbon needs to be sourced internally from the biomass itself to enable this technology. Reduced energy consumption for lighting is technically feasible, and needs to be addressed as a key objective in scaleup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Hülsen
- Advanced Water Management Centre, Gehrmann Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, PO Box 8000, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| | - Edward M Barry
- Advanced Water Management Centre, Gehrmann Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yang Lu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, Gehrmann Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, PO Box 8000, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Daniel Puyol
- Advanced Water Management Centre, Gehrmann Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, PO Box 8000, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jürg Keller
- Advanced Water Management Centre, Gehrmann Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, PO Box 8000, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Damien J Batstone
- Advanced Water Management Centre, Gehrmann Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, PO Box 8000, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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164
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Taisir M, Teo CL, Idris A, Yusuf AM. Cultivation of Nannochloropsis sp. using narrow beam angle light emitting diode in an internally illuminated photobioreactor. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2016. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-016-0113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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165
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Duarte-Santos T, Mendoza-Martín JL, Acién Fernández FG, Molina E, Vieira-Costa JA, Heaven S. Optimization of carbon dioxide supply in raceway reactors: Influence of carbon dioxide molar fraction and gas flow rate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 212:72-81. [PMID: 27085148 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Influence of CO2 composition and gas flow rate to control pH in a pilot-scale raceway producing Scenedesmus sp. was studied. Light and temperature determined the biomass productivity whereas neither the CO2 molar fraction nor the gas flow rate used influenced it; because pH was always controlled and carbon limitation did not take place. The CO2 molar fraction and the gas flow rate influenced carbon loss in the system. At low CO2 molar fraction (2-6%) or gas flow rate (75-100l·min(-1)) the carbon efficiency in the sump was higher than 95%, 85% of the injected carbon being transformed into biomass. Conversely, at high CO2 molar fraction (14%) or gas flow rate (150l·min(-1)) the carbon efficiency in the sump was lower than 67%, 32% of the carbon being fixed as biomass. Analysis here reported allows the pH control to be optimized and production costs to be reduced by optimizing CO2 efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Duarte-Santos
- College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS 96201-900, Brazil
| | - J L Mendoza-Martín
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - F G Acién Fernández
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería-CIESOL, 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - E Molina
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería-CIESOL, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - J A Vieira-Costa
- College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS 96201-900, Brazil
| | - S Heaven
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
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166
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167
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Kenny P, Flynn KJ. Coupling a simple irradiance description to a mechanistic growth model to predict algal production in industrial-scale solar-powered photobioreactors. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY 2016; 28:3203-3212. [PMID: 28035173 PMCID: PMC5155024 DOI: 10.1007/s10811-016-0892-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Various innovative photobioreactor designs have been proposed to increase production of algae-derived biomass. Computer models are often employed to test these designs prior to construction. In the drive to optimise conversion of light energy to biomass, efforts to model the profile of irradiance levels within a microalgal culture can lead to highly complex descriptions which are computationally demanding. However, there is a risk that this effort is wasted if such optic models are coupled to overly simplified descriptions of algal physiology. Here we demonstrate that a suitable description of microalgal physiology is of primary significance for modelling algal production in photobioreactors. For the first time, we combine a new and computationally inexpensive model of irradiance to a mechanistic description of algal growth and test its applicability to modelling biofuel production in an advanced photobioreactor system. We confirm the adequacy of our approach by comparing the predictions of the model against published experimental data collected over a 2 ½-year period and demonstrate the effectiveness of the mechanistic model in predicting long-term production rates of bulk biomass and biofuel feedstock components at a commercially relevant scale. Our results suggest that much of the detail captured in more complicated irradiance models is indeed wasted as the critical limiting procedure is the physiological description of the conversion of light energy to biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Kenny
- College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP UK
| | - Kevin J. Flynn
- College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP UK
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168
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Brindley C, Jiménez-Ruíz N, Acién F, Fernández-Sevilla J. Light regime optimization in photobioreactors using a dynamic photosynthesis model. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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169
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Pierobon SC, Riordon J, Nguyen B, Sinton D. Breathable waveguides for combined light and CO2 delivery to microalgae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 209:391-396. [PMID: 26996260 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Suboptimal light and chemical distribution (CO2, O2) in photobioreactors hinder phototrophic microalgal productivity and prevent economically scalable production of biofuels and bioproducts. Current strategies that improve illumination in reactors negatively impact chemical distribution, and vice versa. In this work, an integrated illumination and aeration approach is demonstrated using a gas-permeable planar waveguide that enables combined light and chemical distribution. An optically transparent cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) slab is used to supply both light and CO2 at various source concentrations to cyanobacteria. The breathable waveguide architecture is capable of cultivating microalgae with over double the growth as achieved with impermeable waveguides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott C Pierobon
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering and Institute for Sustainable Energy, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Jason Riordon
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering and Institute for Sustainable Energy, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Brian Nguyen
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering and Institute for Sustainable Energy, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering and Institute for Sustainable Energy, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada.
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170
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Socher ML, Löser C, Schott C, Bley T, Steingroewer J. The challenge of scaling up photobioreactors: Modeling and approaches in small scale. Eng Life Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201500134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lisa Socher
- Institute of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Christian Löser
- Institute of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Carolin Schott
- Institute of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Thomas Bley
- Institute of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Juliane Steingroewer
- Institute of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
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171
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Sun Y, Huang Y, Liao Q, Fu Q, Zhu X. Enhancement of microalgae production by embedding hollow light guides to a flat-plate photobioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 207:31-38. [PMID: 26868153 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.01.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To offset the adverse effects of light attenuation on microalgae growth, hollow polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) tubes were embedded into a flat-plate photobioreactor (PBR) as light guides. In this way, a fraction of incident light could be transmitted and emitted to the interior of the PBR, providing a secondary light source for cells in light-deficient regions. The average light intensity of interior regions 3-6cm from surfaces with 70μmolm(-2)s(-1) incident light was enhanced 2-6.5 times after 3.5days cultivation, resulting in a 23.42% increase in biomass production to that cultivated in PBR without PMMA tubes. The photosynthetic efficiency of microalgae in the proposed PBR was increased to 12.52%. Moreover, the installation of hollow PMMA tubes induced turbulent flow in the microalgae suspension, promoting microalgae suspension mixing. However, the enhanced biomass production was mainly attributed to the optimized light distribution in the PBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Qiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qian Fu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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172
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Jeffryes C, Severi V, Delhaye A, Urbain B, Grama BS, Agathos SN. Energy conversion in an internally illuminated annular‐plate airlift photobioreactor. Eng Life Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201500042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Clayton Jeffryes
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Earth & Life Institute Université catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
- Fonds de l Recherche (FNRS) Brussels Belgium
| | - Veronica Severi
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Earth & Life Institute Université catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
| | - Antoine Delhaye
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Earth & Life Institute Université catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
| | - Brieuc Urbain
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Earth & Life Institute Université catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
| | - Borhane Samir Grama
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Earth & Life Institute Université catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
- Université Larbi Ben M'hidi Oum el Bouaghi Algeria
| | - Spiros N. Agathos
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Earth & Life Institute Université catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Yachay Tech University San Miguel de Urcuquí Ecuador
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173
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Shen Y, Zhu W, Chen C, Nie Y, Lin X. Biofilm formation in attached microalgal reactors. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 39:1281-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1606-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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174
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Yan C, Zhang Q, Xue S, Sun Z, Wu X, Wang Z, Lu Y, Cong W. A novel low-cost thin-film flat plate photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-015-0327-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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175
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Abu-Ghosh S, Fixler D, Dubinsky Z, Iluz D. Flashing light in microalgae biotechnology. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 203:357-363. [PMID: 26747205 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Flashing light can enhance photosynthesis and improve the quality and quantity of microalgal biomass, as it can increase the products of interest by magnitudes. Therefore, the integration of flashing light effect into microalgal cultivation systems should be considered. However, microalgae require a balanced mix of the light/dark cycle for higher growth rates, and respond to light intensity differently according to the pigments acquired or lost during the growth. This review highlights recently published results on flashing light effect on microalgae and its applications in biotechnology, as well as the recently developed bioreactors designed to fulfill this effect. It also discusses how this knowledge can be applied in selecting the optimal light frequencies and intensities with specific technical properties for increasing biomass production and/or the yield of the chemicals of interest by microalgae belonging to different genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Abu-Ghosh
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; The Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel.
| | - Dror Fixler
- Faculty of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; The Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Zvy Dubinsky
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - David Iluz
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
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176
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Benvenuti G, Lamers PP, Breuer G, Bosma R, Cerar A, Wijffels RH, Barbosa MJ. Microalgal TAG production strategies: why batch beats repeated-batch. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2016; 9:64. [PMID: 26985237 PMCID: PMC4793540 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0475-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For a commercially feasible microalgal triglyceride (TAG) production, high TAG productivities are required. The operational strategy affects TAG productivity but a systematic comparison between different strategies is lacking. For this, physiological responses of Nannochloropsis sp. to nitrogen (N) starvation and N-rich medium replenishment were studied in lab-scale batch and repeated-batch (part of the culture is periodically harvested and N-rich medium is re-supplied) cultivations under continuous light, and condensed into a mechanistic model. RESULTS The model, which successfully described both strategies, was used to identify potential improvements for both batch and repeated-batch and compare the two strategies on optimized TAG yields on light (amount of TAGs produced per mol of supplied PAR photons). TAG yields on light, for batch, from 0.12 (base case at high light) to 0.49 g molph (-1) (at low light and with improved strain) and, for repeated-batch, from 0.07 (base case at high light) to 0.39 g molph (-1) (at low light with improved strain and optimized repeated-batch settings). The base case yields are in line with the yields observed in current state-of-the-art outdoor TAG production. CONCLUSIONS For continuous light, an optimized batch process will always result in higher TAG yield on light compared to an optimized repeated-batch process. This is mainly because repeated-batch cycles start with N-starved cells. Their reduced photosynthetic capacity leads to inefficient light use during the regrowth phase which results in lower overall TAG yields compared to a batch process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Benvenuti
- />Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Packo P. Lamers
- />Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guido Breuer
- />Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rouke Bosma
- />Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Cerar
- />Microbiology, Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - René H. Wijffels
- />Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nordland University, 8049 Bodø, Norway
| | - Maria J. Barbosa
- />Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
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177
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Skjånes K, Andersen U, Heidorn T, Borgvang SA. Design and construction of a photobioreactor for hydrogen production, including status in the field. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY 2016; 28:2205-2223. [PMID: 27471341 PMCID: PMC4947126 DOI: 10.1007/s10811-016-0789-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Several species of microalgae and phototrophic bacteria are able to produce hydrogen under certain conditions. A range of different photobioreactor systems have been used by different research groups for lab-scale hydrogen production experiments, and some few attempts have been made to upscale the hydrogen production process. Even though a photobioreactor system for hydrogen production does require special construction properties (e.g., hydrogen tight, mixing by other means than bubbling with air), only very few attempts have been made to design photobioreactors specifically for the purpose of hydrogen production. We have constructed a flat panel photobioreactor system that can be used in two modes: either for the cultivation of phototrophic microorganisms (upright and bubbling) or for the production of hydrogen or other anaerobic products (mixing by "rocking motion"). Special emphasis has been taken to avoid any hydrogen leakages, both by means of constructional and material choices. The flat plate photobioreactor system is controlled by a custom-built control system that can log and control temperature, pH, and optical density and additionally log the amount of produced gas and dissolved oxygen concentration. This paper summarizes the status in the field of photobioreactors for hydrogen production and describes in detail the design and construction of a purpose-built flat panel photobioreactor system, optimized for hydrogen production in terms of structural functionality, durability, performance, and selection of materials. The motivations for the choices made during the design process and advantages/disadvantages of previous designs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari Skjånes
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research—NIBIO, PO 115, N-1431 Ås, Norway
| | - Uno Andersen
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research—NIBIO, PO 115, N-1431 Ås, Norway
| | - Thorsten Heidorn
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research—NIBIO, PO 115, N-1431 Ås, Norway
| | - Stig A. Borgvang
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research—NIBIO, PO 115, N-1431 Ås, Norway
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178
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Lauersen KJ, Huber I, Wichmann J, Baier T, Leiter A, Gaukel V, Kartushin V, Rattenholl A, Steinweg C, von Riesen L, Posten C, Gudermann F, Lütkemeyer D, Mussgnug JH, Kruse O. Investigating the dynamics of recombinant protein secretion from a microalgal host. J Biotechnol 2015; 215:62-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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179
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Zhang Q, Xue S, Yan C, Wu X, Wen S, Cong W. Installation of flow deflectors and wing baffles to reduce dead zone and enhance flashing light effect in an open raceway pond. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 198:150-156. [PMID: 26386417 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.08.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the dead zone and enhance the flashing light effect, a novel open raceway pond with flow deflectors and wing baffles was developed. The hydrodynamics and light characteristics in the novel open raceway pond were investigated using computational fluid dynamics. Results showed that, compared with the control pond, pressure loss in the flow channel of the pond with optimized flow deflectors decreased by 14.58%, average fluid velocity increased by 26.89% and dead zone decreased by 60.42%. With wing baffles built into the raceway pond, significant swirling flow was produced. Moreover, the period of average L/D cycle was shortened. In outdoor cultivation of freshwater Chlorella sp., the biomass concentration of Chlorella sp. cultivated in the raceway pond with wing baffles was 30.11% higher than that of the control pond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shengzhang Xue
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chenghu Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xia Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shumei Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wei Cong
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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180
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Klassen V, Blifernez-Klassen O, Hoekzema Y, Mussgnug JH, Kruse O. A novel one-stage cultivation/fermentation strategy for improved biogas production with microalgal biomass. J Biotechnol 2015; 215:44-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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181
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CFD simulation for reduced energy costs in tubular photobioreactors using wall turbulence promoters. ALGAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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182
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Continuous cultivation of photosynthetic microorganisms: Approaches, applications and future trends. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1228-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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183
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Tan Y, Fang M, Jin L, Zhang C, Li HP, Xing XH. Culture characteristics of the atmospheric and room temperature plasma-mutated Spirulina platensis mutants in CO2 aeration culture system for biomass production. J Biosci Bioeng 2015; 120:438-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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184
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Ahsan SS, Gumus A, Jain A, Angenent LT, Erickson D. Integrated hollow fiber membranes for gas delivery into optical waveguide based photobioreactors. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 192:845-849. [PMID: 26116445 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Compact algal reactors are presented with: (1) closely stacked layers of waveguides to decrease light-path to enable larger optimal light-zones; (2) waveguides containing scatterers to uniformly distribute light; and (3) hollow fiber membranes to reduce energy required for gas transfer. The reactors are optimized by characterizing the aeration of different gases through hollow fiber membranes and characterizing light intensities at different culture densities. Close to 65% improvement in plateau peak productivities was achieved under low light-intensity growth experiments while maintaining 90% average/peak productivity output during 7-h light cycles. With associated mixing costs of ∼ 1 mW/L, several magnitudes smaller than closed photobioreactors, a twofold increase is realized in growth ramp rates with carbonated gas streams under high light intensities, and close to 20% output improvement across light intensities in reactors loaded with high density cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Saad Ahsan
- Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Abdurrahman Gumus
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Aadhar Jain
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Largus T Angenent
- The Atkinson Center for a Sustainable Future, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - David Erickson
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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185
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Barbera E, Sforza E, Bertucco A. Maximizing the production of Scenedesmus obliquus in photobioreactors under different irradiation regimes: experiments and modeling. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2015; 38:2177-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-015-1457-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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186
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Krujatz F, Illing R, Krautwer T, Liao J, Helbig K, Goy K, Opitz J, Cuniberti G, Bley T, Weber J. Light-field-characterization in a continuous hydrogen-producing photobioreactor by optical simulation and computational fluid dynamics. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:2439-49. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Krujatz
- Instituteof Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering; TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden; Germany
| | - Rico Illing
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden; TU Dresden, Dresden; Germany
| | - Tobias Krautwer
- Instituteof Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering; TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden; Germany
| | - Jing Liao
- Instituteof Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering; TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden; Germany
| | - Karsten Helbig
- Instituteof Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering; TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden; Germany
| | - Katharina Goy
- Instituteof Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering; TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden; Germany
| | - Jörg Opitz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems; Dresden Germany
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden; TU Dresden, Dresden; Germany
| | - Thomas Bley
- Instituteof Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering; TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden; Germany
| | - Jost Weber
- Instituteof Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering; TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden; Germany
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187
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Zhang D, Dechatiwongse P, Del Rio-Chanona EA, Maitland GC, Hellgardt K, Vassiliadis VS. Dynamic modelling of high biomass density cultivation and biohydrogen production in different scales of flat plate photobioreactors. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:2429-38. [PMID: 26041472 PMCID: PMC4975697 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper investigates the scaling‐up of cyanobacterial biomass cultivation and biohydrogen production from laboratory to industrial scale. Two main aspects are investigated and presented, which to the best of our knowledge have never been addressed, namely the construction of an accurate dynamic model to simulate cyanobacterial photo‐heterotrophic growth and biohydrogen production and the prediction of the maximum biomass and hydrogen production in different scales of photobioreactors. To achieve the current goals, experimental data obtained from a laboratory experimental setup are fitted by a dynamic model. Based on the current model, two key original findings are made in this work. First, it is found that selecting low‐chlorophyll mutants is an efficient way to increase both biomass concentration and hydrogen production particularly in a large scale photobioreactor. Second, the current work proposes that the width of industrial scale photobioreactors should not exceed 0.20 m for biomass cultivation and 0.05 m for biohydrogen production, as severe light attenuation can be induced in the reactor beyond this threshold. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 2429–2438. © 2015 The Authors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering Published by Wiley Peiodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongda Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3RA, UK
| | | | | | - Geoffrey C Maitland
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Klaus Hellgardt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Vassilios S Vassiliadis
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3RA, UK.
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188
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Gupta PL, Lee SM, Choi HJ. A mini review: photobioreactors for large scale algal cultivation. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 31:1409-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-1892-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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189
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Choi YK, Kumaran RS, Jeon HJ, Song HJ, Yang YH, Lee SH, Song KG, Kim KJ, Singh V, Kim HJ. LED light stress induced biomass and fatty acid production in microalgal biosystem, Acutodesmus obliquus. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 145:245-253. [PMID: 25791881 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Microbial algal system can serve as a potential source for the production of much high value bioproducts and biofuels. The quality and intensity of light are the key elements to optimize the production of algal biomass and fatty acid contents. This study presents the effect of differential LED flashing light conditions on the growth of microalgae, Acutodesmus obliquus. The induced light stress was optimized for its biomass and fatty acid content. The microalgae are exposed to various frequency of intermittent LED flashing light (blue and red lights) at three different phases in the 18 day cell growth (log, lag and stationary phase). The frequency of light flashing rate was adjusted to 120, 10, 5, 3.75, and 1 times per min. The effect of light stress on growth and fatty acids composition of A. obliquus induced an increase in algae growth and fatty acid production. Different optimal timing for light stress was subjected to elucidate the effect of light stress on algae growth and fatty acid production. The results showed an increase in the algae growth (1.2mg/L of chl a content) under light stress condition at FT10 (flashing time, 10 times per min) from the initial day (log phase) compared with the control experiment (0.4 mg/L of chl a content). However, the total fatty acids (71 mg/g) and volumetric FAME production (9.4 ml/l) level was found to be significant under FT5 (flashing time, 5 times per min), adopting flashing light from day 10 (stationary phase). TEM studies also revealed the deposition of lipid to be largest in the 18 day old cells under flashing light (FT5) condition, representing maximum accumulation of lipids bodies (up to 770 nm diameter in particle size) occupying approximately 42% of the total area of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Keun Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Rangarajulu Senthil Kumaran
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeon Jin Jeon
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Jin Song
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Guen Song
- Water Environment Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang-Gu, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Jin Kim
- Urban Agriculture Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-440, Republic of Korea
| | - Vijay Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joo Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
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190
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Gonçalves AL, Ferreira C, Loureiro JA, Pires JCM, Simões M. Surface physicochemical properties of selected single and mixed cultures of microalgae and cyanobacteria and their relationship with sedimentation kinetics. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2015. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-015-0051-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms presenting a diversity of biotechnological applications. However, microalgal cultivation systems are not energetically and economically feasible. Possible strategies that can be applied to improve the feasibility of microalgal production include biofouling control in photobioreactors, the use of attached growth systems and bioflocculation. These processes are ruled by surface physicochemical properties. Accordingly, the surface physicochemical properties of Chlorella vulgaris, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Synechocystis salina and Microcystis aeruginosa were determined through contact angle and zeta potential measurements. Additionally, mixed cultures of the selected microorganisms were performed. Sedimentation kinetics of the studied cultures was also evaluated to understand how surface physicochemical properties influence microalgal recovery.
Results
All studied microorganisms, except S. salina, presented a hydrophilic surface. The co-culture of S. salina with the other studied microorganisms resulted in a more hydrophobic algal suspension. Regarding zeta potential determinations, all studied suspensions presented a negatively charged surface (approximately -40.8 ± 4.4 mV). Sedimentation experiments have shown that all microalgal suspensions presented low microalgal recovery efficiencies. However, a negative linear relationship between microalgal removal percentage and free energy of hydrophobic interaction was obtained.
Conclusions
The evidence of a relationship between microalgal removal percentage and free energy of hydrophobic interaction demonstrates the importance of surface physicochemical properties on microalgal settling. However, the low recovery efficiencies achieved, as well as the high net zeta potential values determined, indicate that another factor to consider in microalgal settling is the ionic strength of the culture medium, which play an important role in suspensions’ stability.
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191
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Combe C, Hartmann P, Rabouille S, Talec A, Bernard O, Sciandra A. Long-term adaptive response to high-frequency light signals in the unicellular photosynthetic eukaryoteDunaliella salina. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:1111-21. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Combe
- Sorbonne Universites; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR 7093, LOV, Observatoire océanologique; F-06230 Villefranche/mer France
- CNRS, UMR 7093, LOV; Observatoire océanologique; F-06230 Villefranche/mer France
| | - Philipp Hartmann
- Sorbonne Universites; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR 7093, LOV, Observatoire océanologique; F-06230 Villefranche/mer France
- CNRS, UMR 7093, LOV; Observatoire océanologique; F-06230 Villefranche/mer France
- BIOCORE-INRIA, BP93; 06902 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex; France
| | - Sophie Rabouille
- Sorbonne Universites; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR 7093, LOV, Observatoire océanologique; F-06230 Villefranche/mer France
- CNRS, UMR 7093, LOV; Observatoire océanologique; F-06230 Villefranche/mer France
| | - Amelie Talec
- Sorbonne Universites; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR 7093, LOV, Observatoire océanologique; F-06230 Villefranche/mer France
- CNRS, UMR 7093, LOV; Observatoire océanologique; F-06230 Villefranche/mer France
| | - Olivier Bernard
- Sorbonne Universites; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR 7093, LOV, Observatoire océanologique; F-06230 Villefranche/mer France
- CNRS, UMR 7093, LOV; Observatoire océanologique; F-06230 Villefranche/mer France
- BIOCORE-INRIA, BP93; 06902 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex; France
| | - Antoine Sciandra
- Sorbonne Universites; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR 7093, LOV, Observatoire océanologique; F-06230 Villefranche/mer France
- CNRS, UMR 7093, LOV; Observatoire océanologique; F-06230 Villefranche/mer France
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192
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Heining M, Buchholz R. Photobioreactors with internal illumination - A survey and comparison. Biotechnol J 2015; 10:1131-7. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201400572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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193
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Abu-Ghosh S, Fixler D, Dubinsky Z, Iluz D. Continuous background light significantly increases flashing-light enhancement of photosynthesis and growth of microalgae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 187:144-148. [PMID: 25846184 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.03.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Under specific conditions, flashing light enhances the photosynthesis rate in comparison to continuous illumination. Here we show that a combination of flashing light and continuous background light with the same integrated photon dose as continuous or flashing light alone can be used to significantly enhance photosynthesis and increase microalgae growth. To test this hypothesis, the green microalga Dunaliella salina was exposed to three different light regimes: continuous light, flashing light, and concomitant application of both. Algal growth was compared under three different integrated light quantities; low, intermediate, and moderately high. Under the combined light regime, there was a substantial increase in all algal growth parameters, with an enhanced photosynthesis rate, within 3days. Our strategy demonstrates a hitherto undescribed significant increase in photosynthesis and algal growth rates, which is beyond the increase by flashing light alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Abu-Ghosh
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; The Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel.
| | - Dror Fixler
- Faculty of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; The Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Zvy Dubinsky
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - David Iluz
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
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Krujatz F, Lode A, Brüggemeier S, Schütz K, Kramer J, Bley T, Gelinsky M, Weber J. Green bioprinting: Viability and growth analysis of microalgae immobilized in 3D-plotted hydrogels versus suspension cultures. Eng Life Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201400131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Krujatz
- Institute of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering; TU Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Anja Lode
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research; University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Sophie Brüggemeier
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research; University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Kathleen Schütz
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research; University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Julius Kramer
- Institute of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering; TU Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Thomas Bley
- Institute of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering; TU Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research; University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Jost Weber
- Institute of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering; TU Dresden; Dresden Germany
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195
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Pulsed electric field and pH assisted selective extraction of intracellular components from microalgae Nannochloropsis. ALGAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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196
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High light and carbon dioxide optimize surface productivity in a Twin-Layer biofilm photobioreactor. ALGAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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197
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Godlewska K, Tomaszewska B, Michalak I, Bujakowski W, Chojnacka K. Prospects of geothermal water Use in cultivation of Spirulina. OPEN CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2015-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSpirulina has been studied due to its commercial importance as a source of essential amino acids, protein, vitamins, fatty acids etc. Most of the culture systems in use today are open ponds. The new approach proposed in this paper is to use the geothermal water as a medium for microalgae cultivation. Poland has beneficial conditions for wide geothermal use, as one of the environmentally friendly and sustainable renewable energy sources. In the planned research, geothermal water could be used to prepare microalgal culture medium, to heat greenhouses with bioreactors used for the growth of Spirulina, to dry the obtained biomass, as well as to heat the ground in foil tunnels. Using geothermal water gives the possibility to produce algae in open ponds covered with greenhouses and to cultivate plants during winter. The obtained algae can be used for the production of algal bio-products (e.g. homogenates), having the potential application in plant cultivation.
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198
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Modelling of Microalgae Culture Systems with Applications to Control and Optimization. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 153:59-87. [PMID: 25604163 DOI: 10.1007/10_2014_287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mathematical modeling is becoming ever more important to assess the potential, guide the design, and enable the efficient operation and control of industrial-scale microalgae culture systems (MCS). The development of overall, inherently multiphysics, models involves coupling separate submodels of (i) the intrinsic biological properties, including growth, decay, and biosynthesis as well as the effect of light and temperature on these processes, and (ii) the physical properties, such as the hydrodynamics, light attenuation, and temperature in the culture medium. When considering high-density microalgae culture, in particular, the coupling between biology and physics becomes critical. This chapter reviews existing models, with a particular focus on the Droop model, which is a precursor model, and it highlights the structure common to many microalgae growth models. It summarizes the main developments and difficulties towards multiphysics models of MCS as well as applications of these models for monitoring, control, and optimization purposes.
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199
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Havlik I, Scheper T, Reardon KF. Monitoring of Microalgal Processes. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 153:89-142. [PMID: 26289537 DOI: 10.1007/10_2015_328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Process monitoring, which can be defined as the measurement of process variables with the smallest possible delay, is combined with process models to form the basis for successful process control. Minimizing the measurement delay leads inevitably to employing online, in situ sensors where possible, preferably using noninvasive measurement methods with stable, low-cost sensors. Microalgal processes have similarities to traditional bioprocesses but also have unique monitoring requirements. In general, variables to be monitored in microalgal processes can be categorized as physical, chemical, and biological, and they are measured in gaseous, liquid, and solid (biological) phases. Physical and chemical process variables can be usually monitored online using standard industrial sensors. The monitoring of biological process variables, however, relies mostly on sensors developed and validated using laboratory-scale systems or uses offline methods because of difficulties in developing suitable online sensors. Here, we review current technologies for online, in situ monitoring of all types of process parameters of microalgal cultivations, with a focus on monitoring of biological parameters. We discuss newly introduced methods for measuring biological parameters that could be possibly adapted for routine online use, should be preferably noninvasive, and are based on approaches that have been proven in other bioprocesses. New sensor types for measuring physicochemical parameters using optical methods or ion-specific field effect transistor (ISFET) sensors are also discussed. Reviewed methods with online implementation or online potential include measurement of irradiance, biomass concentration by optical density and image analysis, cell count, chlorophyll fluorescence, growth rate, lipid concentration by infrared spectrophotometry, dielectric scattering, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Future perspectives are discussed, especially in the field of image analysis using in situ microscopy, infrared spectrophotometry, and software sensor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Havlik
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstrasse 5, 30167, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Thomas Scheper
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstrasse 5, 30167, Hannover, Germany
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Raeesossadati MJ, Ahmadzadeh H, McHenry MP, Moheimani NR. CO2 Environmental Bioremediation by Microalgae. BIOFUEL AND BIOREFINERY TECHNOLOGIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16640-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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