151
|
Marokakis S, Kasparian NA, Kennedy SE. Parents’ perceptions of counselling following prenatal diagnosis of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract: a qualitative study. BJU Int 2016; 119:474-481. [DOI: 10.1111/bju.13668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Marokakis
- Discipline of Paediatrics; School of Women's and Children's Health; UNSW Medicine; The University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Nadine A. Kasparian
- Discipline of Paediatrics; School of Women's and Children's Health; UNSW Medicine; The University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW Australia
- Heart Centre for Children; The Sydney Children's Hospitals Network (Westmead and Randwick); Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Sean E. Kennedy
- Discipline of Paediatrics; School of Women's and Children's Health; UNSW Medicine; The University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW Australia
- Department of Nephrology; The Sydney Children's Hospitals Network (Westmead and Randwick); Sydney NSW Australia
| |
Collapse
|
152
|
Odh I, Löfving M, Klaeson K. Existential challenges in young people living with a cancer diagnosis. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2016; 24:54-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
153
|
“Melanoma: Questions and Answers.” Development and evaluation of a psycho-educational resource for people with a history of melanoma. Support Care Cancer 2016; 24:4849-4859. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-016-3339-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
154
|
Griggs S, Walker RK. The Role of Hope for Adolescents with a Chronic Illness: An Integrative Review. J Pediatr Nurs 2016; 31:404-21. [PMID: 27021596 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hope is a human strength essential for adolescents' enduring and coping with chronic illness however, the role of hope is not well understood in this population. OBJECTIVES This integrative review describes what is currently known about the role of hope in adolescents with a chronic illness. METHOD A methodological review using an integrative approach by R. Whittemore and K. Knafl (2005) was performed. DATABASES MEDLINE via Pubmed; CINAHL; PyscINFO and Google scholar were searched for articles published in peer-reviewed journals from 1995 to 2015, using search terms 'hope and chronic illness' with age limiters for all except Google scholar (title search of "hope and adolescents"). RESULTS Of the 197 studies initially retrieved: a total of 27 quantitative studies, 8 qualitative studies and 19 theoretical works were selected for review. Seven themes emerged including that hope: (i) promotes health (ii) facilitates coping and adjustment, (iii) enhances quality of life, (iv) is essential in purpose in life and illness (v) improves self-esteem, (vi) is an important factor in resilience and (vii) affects maturation. Persons reporting higher levels of hope find multiple routes to goals, view setbacks as challenges, and better manage psychological symptoms. DISCUSSION Although theory and a limited body of empirical research to date suggest a link between hopeful thinking and physical health, the specific mechanisms remain unclear. As hope is linked to resilience, further research should explore whether adolescents with higher hope return to baseline faster than their lower hope counterparts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Griggs
- Graduate School of Nursing, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
155
|
Weinberg M, Besser A, Zeigler-Hill V, Neria Y. Bidirectional associations between hope, optimism and social support, and trauma-related symptoms among survivors of terrorism and their spouses. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
156
|
VASCONCELOS TTD, MELO CMD, VARGAS MM, COSTA CFT. Factors related to stress in divorces with child custody. ESTUDOS DE PSICOLOGIA (CAMPINAS) 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-02752016000200015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a study with 78 adults in situations of divorce and child custody in the Public Defender's Office of Sergipe, Brazil in order to verify the occurrence of stress symptoms. The application of the Stress Symptoms Inventory, validated by Lipp, revealed that 71.8% of the participants experienced stress, and 51.8% of these were in the resistance phase and 82.1% predominantly presented psychological symptoms. Stress levels were related to being a woman (Odds Ratio = 6.43; Confidence Interval = 2.58 - 21.63; p = 0.001) and job instability (c2 = 7.972; p = 0.019). The age of the oldest child at the time of divorce is also related to stress: the older the child, the less likely the occurrence of stress (Odds Ratio = 0.925; Confidence Interval = 0.86 - 0.98; p = 0.03). The conclusion is the there is a need for family preventive interventions in order to support marital bonds, facilitating relational arrangements required during the time of separation.
Collapse
|
157
|
Carr T, Quinlan E, Robertson S, Duggleby W, Thomas R, Holtslander L. Yoga as palliation in women with advanced cancer: a pilot study. Int J Palliat Nurs 2016; 22:111-7. [PMID: 27018737 DOI: 10.12968/ijpn.2016.22.3.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the palliative potential of home-based yoga sessions provided to women with advanced cancer. METHOD Personalised 45-minute yoga sessions were offered to three women with advanced cancer by an experienced yoga teacher. Each woman took part in a one-to-one interview after the completion of the yoga programme and was asked to describe her experiences of the programme's impact. RESULTS The personalised nature of the yoga sessions resulted in similar positive physical and psychosocial effects comparable to those demonstrated in other studies with cancer patients. Participants described physical, mental, and emotional benefits as well as the alleviation of illness impacts. The enhancement of mind-body and body-spirit connections were also noted. CONCLUSION Personalised home-based yoga programmes for people with advanced cancer may produce similar benefits, including palliation, as those institutionally-based programmes for people with non-advanced cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tracey Carr
- Postdoctoral Fellow, at the Department of Sociology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Quinlan
- Associate Professor, at the Department of Sociology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Susan Robertson
- Research Associate, at the Department of Sociology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Wendy Duggleby
- Professor, Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton
| | - Roanne Thomas
- Associate Professor, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa
| | | |
Collapse
|
158
|
Cherry KE, Sampson L, Galea S, Marks LD, Nezat PF, Baudoin KH, Lyon BA. Optimism and Hope After Multiple Disasters: Relationships to Health-Related Quality of Life. JOURNAL OF LOSS & TRAUMA 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15325024.2016.1187047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
159
|
“I just have to move on”: Women's coping experiences and reflections following their first year after primary breast cancer surgery. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2016; 21:205-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
160
|
Southerland JL, Slawson DL, Pack R, Sörensen S, Lyness JM, Hirsch JK. Trait Hope and Preparation for Future Care Needs among Older Adult Primary Care Patients. Clin Gerontol 2016; 39:117-126. [PMID: 27087740 PMCID: PMC4831650 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2015.1120254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We examined associations between trait hope and preparation for future care needs (PFCN) among 66 older adult primary care patients in western New York. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing PFCN (awareness, information gathering, decision-making, concrete planning, and avoidance), and the Adult Trait Hope Scale. In multivariate regressions, lower hope, particularly less agency, was associated with more awareness of needing care, whereas higher hopefulness, particularly pathways thinking, was associated with increased decision-making and concrete planning. Greater hopefulness appears to be linked to goal-directed planning behaviors, although those with lower hope may actually be more aware of the need for planning. Evidence-based programming that encourages learned hopefulness may contribute to enhanced health planning and decision-making among older adult primary care patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jodi L Southerland
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, U.S.A
| | - Deborah L Slawson
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, U.S.A
| | - Robert Pack
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, U.S.A
| | - Silvia Sörensen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, 14642, U.S.A
| | - Jeffrey M Lyness
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, 14642, U.S.A
| | - Jameson K Hirsch
- Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, 37614, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
161
|
Zhao DF, Becerril-Martinez G, Graham D. Neuropeptide Y: Biomarker and intervention for surgical recovery. Neurobiol Stress 2016; 2:60-1. [PMID: 26844240 PMCID: PMC4721280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Fang Zhao
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - David Graham
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
162
|
Graham D, Becerril-Martinez G, Quinto L, Zhao DF. Can we measure surgical resilience? Med Hypotheses 2016; 86:76-9. [PMID: 26804602 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Surgical resilience describes psychological resilience within a surgical setting. Within a surgical setting, psychologically resilient patients have improved recovery and wound-healing. The search for biological correlates in resilient patients has led to the hypothesis that certain endogenous biomarkers (namely neuropeptide Y (NPY), testosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)) are altered in resilient patients. The concept of surgical resilience raises the question of whether enhanced recovery following surgery can be demonstrated in patients with high titres of resilience biomarkers as compared to patients with low titres of resilience biomarkers. To determine the prognostic value of resilience biomarkers in surgical recovery, a cohort of patients undergoing major surgery should initially be psychometrically tested for their resilience levels before and after surgery so that biomarker levels of NPY, testosterone and DHEA can be compared to a validated psychometric test of resilience. The primary outcome would be length of hospital stay with and without an enhanced recovery program. Secondary outcome measures such as complications, time in rehabilitation and readmission could also be included. If the hypothesis is upheld, resilience biomarkers could be used to support more individualised perioperative management and lead to more efficient and effective allocation of healthcare resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Graham
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Lena Quinto
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Dong Fang Zhao
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
163
|
Demoralisation syndrome does not explain the psychological profile of community-based asylum-seekers. Compr Psychiatry 2015; 63:55-64. [PMID: 26555492 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Demoralisation syndrome (DS) has been advanced as a construct that features hopelessness, meaninglessness, and existential distress. Demoralisation and DS have predominantly been considered secondary only to illness; hence there is scant research on demoralisation or DS in populations affected by extreme environmental stress. AIMS The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of demoralisation, its predictors, and the relevance of DS in a community-based forced-migrant population. METHOD A convenience sample of 131 adult asylum-seekers (n=98) and refugees (n=33) without recognised mental disorders in Melbourne, Australia, were assessed cross-sectionally on posttraumatic stress, anxiety, depression, post-migration stress, and demoralisation. Socio-demographic data were analysed with relevant clinical data. Predictive aims were investigated using bivariate statistical tests and exploratory aims were investigated using correlational and linear regression analyses. RESULTS Seventy nine percent of the sample met criteria for demoralisation (asylum-seekers=83%; refugees=66%), with asylum-seekers being 2.55 (95% C.I.=1.03-6.32, Z=2.03, p=.04) times more likely to be demoralised than refugees. No relationship between demoralisation and time in the refugee determination process emerged. The regression model explained 47.5% of variance in demoralisation scores for the total sample F(9,111)=13.07, p<.0001, with MDD and anxiety score making unique significant contributions. CONCLUSIONS Demoralisation was widespread through the asylum-seeker and refugee population and its prevalence was attributable to a range of social and psychiatric factors. However, DS had little explanatory power for psychiatric morbidity, which was more suggestive of a pan-distress symptom complex.
Collapse
|
164
|
The Costs of Policing: Psychosocial Capital and Mental Health Outcomes in a Nigeria Police Sample. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 18:E78. [DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2015.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis study examined the influence of psychosocial capital (psychological and workplace social capital) on mental health outcomes among 340 police personnel in Nigeria. Data were collected via anonymously completed questionnaires. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling, and the results revealed that in the context of stress and traumatic stress, resilience p < .05, optimism p < .05, self-efficacy p < .05, hope p < .05, and workplace social capital p < .05 can influence the development of mental health problems or adaptation. The findings imply that it is important that both researchers and police organization pay attention to how psychological capital influence the development of psychopathology or resilience and how such issues can be addressed through psychological training in the workplace.
Collapse
|
165
|
Hamilton R, Thomas R. Renegotiating hope while living with lymphoedema after cancer: a qualitative study. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2015; 25:822-31. [DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Hamilton
- Department of Psychology; University of New Brunswick; Fredericton NB Canada
| | - R. Thomas
- Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Ottawa; Ottawa ON Canada
| |
Collapse
|
166
|
Hope-Stone L, Brown SL, Heimann H, Damato B, Salmon P. How do patients with uveal melanoma experience and manage uncertainty? A qualitative study. Psychooncology 2015; 24:1485-91. [PMID: 25873360 DOI: 10.1002/pon.3813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cancer survivors experience uncertainty about the future, which can be distressing. A prognostication tool is available for uveal melanoma survivors, which can provide accurate estimates of life expectancy - a key source of uncertainty. Accurate prognostic information has not previously been available for healthy cancer survivors. The aims of this study were to identify how patients experience prognostic information and how it affects their experience of uncertainty. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 healthy survivors of uveal melanoma 6-60 months after treatment (approximately 8-62 months after receiving prognostic information). Data were analysed qualitatively. RESULTS Patients did not feel that the prognostic information relieved uncertainty, which still overshadowed their lives. Different prognoses engendered different experiences of uncertainty. Those receiving poor life expectancy estimates reported uncertainties regarding the timing and form of metastases that they were likely to experience, but they also used uncertainty to justify feeling hopeful. Those receiving good prognoses were often unable wholly to accept these. Patients whose test results failed or were intermediate retained their original uncertainties. Patients managed their uncertainties by suppressing thoughts about them and by trusting in the care of clinicians and the health-care system. CONCLUSIONS Uncertainty in the context of uveal melanoma is a complex and multifaceted experience that is not easily resolved by prognostication. Additional approaches are needed to help patients with the uncertainty that persists despite prognostication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hope-Stone
- Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,The Liverpool Ocular Oncology Centre, The Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospital NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Stephen L Brown
- Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Heinrich Heimann
- The Liverpool Ocular Oncology Centre, The Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospital NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Bertil Damato
- The Liverpool Ocular Oncology Centre, The Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospital NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK.,Ocular Oncology Service, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peter Salmon
- Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| |
Collapse
|
167
|
Leung D, Blastorah M, Nusdorfer L, Jeffs A, Jung J, Howell D, Fillion L, Rose L. Nursing patients with chronic critical illness and their families: a qualitative study. Nurs Crit Care 2015; 22:229-237. [DOI: 10.1111/nicc.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Doris Leung
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing; University of Toronto; ON, Canada; School of Nursing, Polytechnic University; Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Margaret Blastorah
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing; University of Toronto; ON Canada
| | - Linda Nusdorfer
- Emergency & Critical Care Program; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre; Toronto ON, Canada
| | - Angie Jeffs
- Emergency & Critical Care Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre; Toronto ON, Canada
| | - Judy Jung
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network; Toronto ON, Canada
| | - Doris Howell
- Oncology Nursing Research and Education; University Health Network; Toronto ON, Canada
| | | | - Louise Rose
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto; ON Canada
- Nursing Professor of Critical Care Research; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre; Toronto ON, Canada
- Provincial Centre of Weaning Excellence/Prolonged Ventilation Weaning Centre; Toronto East General Hospital; Toronto ON, Canada
- Mt Sinai Hospital and the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute; St Michael's Hospital; Toronto ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
168
|
Kupst MJ, Butt Z, Stoney CM, Griffith JW, Salsman JM, Folkman S, Cella D. Assessment of stress and self-efficacy for the NIH Toolbox for Neurological and Behavioral Function. ANXIETY STRESS AND COPING 2015; 28:531-44. [PMID: 25577948 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2014.994204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The NIH Toolbox for Neurological and Behavioral Function assessment battery contains measures in the domains of cognitive function, motor function, sensory function, and emotional health. It was designed for use in epidemiological and clinical trials health-related research. DESIGN This paper describes the first phase of instrument development for the stress and self-efficacy subdomain of emotional health. Based on an extensive literature review and expert consultation, 127 measures were initially considered for inclusion in this subdomain, including measures of stress, self-efficacy, emotion regulation, and coping. RESULTS Several measures, including emotion regulation and measures of coping strategies, did not meet criteria that were a priori established for inclusion. Psychometric properties of the remaining candidate measures were evaluated using data from five independent samples (combined N = 3175). Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses indicated the Perceived Stress Scale and the General Self-Efficacy Scale each assessed single dimensions. CONCLUSIONS Based on their psychometric performance, these two instruments were selected for inclusion and subsequent national norming for the NIH Toolbox.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Jo Kupst
- a Department of Pediatrics , Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee , WI 53226 , USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
169
|
Popp JM, Conway M, Pantaleao A. Parents’ Experience With Their Child’s Cancer Diagnosis. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs 2015; 32:253-60. [DOI: 10.1177/1043454214563404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study assessed the experience of parents who have a child diagnosed with cancer and whether parental hope, family functioning, and perceptions of care distinguish those parents who have adapted to the diagnosis versus those who have not adapted. Methods: Fifty parents completed an interview about the diagnosis experience and questionnaires about hopefulness, family functioning, and family-centered care. Results: A majority of parents had come to terms with the diagnosis; however, a subset indicated feeling emotionally disengaged from the experience and having persistent thoughts about why this had happened to them. In addition, parents who were having a difficult time adapting reported lower hopefulness and felt that they received more information about support services from medical providers compared with parents who had come to terms with the diagnosis. Conclusions: By recognizing families who continue to struggle with the diagnosis, nurses may be better equipped to approach families and evaluate their needs, including coping and adaptation. Asking parents about their experience can also lead to more appropriate and timely care and referral and allows nurses to provide care that engenders hopefulness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jill M. Popp
- Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Hartford CT, and University of Connecticut, Department of Pediatrics, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Mary Conway
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Ashley Pantaleao
- Department of Pain and Palliative Care at Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
170
|
Ekstedt M, Stenberg U, Olsson M, Ruland CM. Health care professionals' perspectives of the experiences of family caregivers during in-patient cancer care. JOURNAL OF FAMILY NURSING 2014; 20:462-486. [PMID: 25385131 DOI: 10.1177/1074840714556179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Being a family member of a patient who is being treated in an acute care setting for cancer often involves a number of challenges. Our study describes Norwegian cancer care health professionals' perceptions of family members who served as family caregivers (FCs) and their need for support during the in-hospital cancer treatment of their ill family member. Focus group discussions were conducted with a multidisciplinary team of 24 experienced social workers, physicians, and nurses who were closely involved in the patients' in-hospital cancer treatment and care. Drawing on qualitative hermeneutic analysis, four main themes describe health professionals' perceptions of FCs during the patient's in-hospital cancer care: an asset and additional burden, infinitely strong and struggling with helplessness, being an outsider in the center of care, and being in different temporalities. We conclude that it is a challenge for health care professionals to support the family and create room for FC's needs in acute cancer care. System changes are needed in health care, so that the patient/FC dyad is viewed as a unit of care in a dual process of caregiving, which would enable FCs to be given space and inclusion in care, with their own needs simultaneously considered alongside those of the patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Ekstedt
- Oslo University Hospital, Norway KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Mariann Olsson
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Stockholms Sjukhem, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
171
|
Besser A, Zeigler-Hill V, Weinberg M, Pincus AL, Neria Y. Intrapersonal Resilience Moderates the Association Between Exposure-Severity and PTSD Symptoms Among Civilians Exposed to the 2014 Israel–Gaza Conflict. SELF AND IDENTITY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2014.966143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
172
|
Kostak MA, Avci G. Hopelessness and depression levels of parents of children with cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:6833-8. [PMID: 24377613 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.11.6833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this descriptive study was to determine the hopelessness and depression levels of parents of children diagnosed with cancer and undergoing cancer treatment and factors affecting these levels. The study was carried out with parents of 44 children receiving treatment in a paediatric haematology clinic of a university hospital. Data were collected using a survey form, the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and the Beck Depression Scale (BDS). The mean BDS score of the mothers and fathers was 18.3 ± 11.30 and 15.2 ± 11.33, respectively. The mean BHS score of the mothers was 6.45 ± 4.40, whereas the mean BHS score of the fathers was 5.88 ± 4.27. The results showed that the levels of hopelessness and depression among the mothers were higher than among the fathers (p<0.001). There was a positive relationship between the hopelessness and depression scores of the mothers and the fathers (p<0.05), and the levels of hopelessness and depression scores of the fathers increased as those of the mothers increased. A weak financial situation of the family increased the hopelessness and depression levels of the fathers. The hopelessness and depression levels of the mothers who were supported by their families and relatives were decreased compared to those without such support (p<0.05). The results show that the parents of children with cancer face many psychosocial and spiritual problems. Using simple screening tools, nurses can identify at-risk parents and direct them to support services. We conclude that actively encouraging families to avail themselves of support resources and supporting them financially would positively affect the levels of depression and hopelessness of parents of children with cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melahat Akgun Kostak
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey E-mail :
| | | |
Collapse
|
173
|
Theron LC, Theron AMC. Meaning-making and resilience: case studies of a multifaceted process. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2014.904099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linda C. Theron
- Optentia Research Program, Faculty of Humanities, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - Adam M. C. Theron
- Optentia Research Program, Faculty of Humanities, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
174
|
Williams KL, Morrison V, Robinson CA. Exploring caregiving experiences: caregiver coping and making sense of illness. Aging Ment Health 2014; 18:600-9. [PMID: 24304370 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2013.860425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current research explores how family caregivers (1) make sense of caregiving and (2) cope with their circumstance. METHOD We analysed semistructured interviews of 13 caregivers of people with either stroke (n = 5) or dementia (n = 8) and used photographs that caregivers took exemplifying their caregiving experiences to elicit their description of how they made sense of caregiving. This enabled greater insight into caregivers' perspective of caregiving complementing our use of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to analyse verbatim transcripts. RESULTS Emerging themes included (1) making sense of illness including the implications of receiving a diagnosis, caregiving motivations and receiving support, and (2) coping with caregiving, with variance in coping depending on, in part, individual differences in sense making. Caregivers adopted active and information seeking techniques to deal with current problems and to increase their sense of control, but avoidant techniques when considering future logistics of caregiving and when feeling helpless due to the burden they faced. At times caregivers looked on the bright side and made downward comparisons. CONCLUSION The combination of elicitation techniques and analysis using IPA established patterns across caregivers and individual differences between caregivers in the meaning they assigned to their caregiving experience. Differences in sense making were based on the context of the caregiving stressor, which in turn influenced the variability in caregiver's coping techniques adopted. The analysis detailed within this article provides evidence that information and service provision must be tailored to individual caregiver experiences.
Collapse
|
175
|
A search for hope and understanding: An analysis of threatened miscarriage internet forums. Midwifery 2014; 30:650-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
176
|
Hunsaker AE, Terhorst L, Gentry A, Lingler JH. Measuring hope among families impacted by cognitive impairment. DEMENTIA 2014; 15:596-608. [PMID: 24784938 DOI: 10.1177/1471301214531590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The current exploratory investigation aims to establish the reliability and validity of a hope measure, the Herth Hope Index, among families impacted by early cognitive impairment (N = 96). Exploratory factor analysis was used to examine the dimensionality of the measure. Bivariate analyses were used to examine construct validity. The sample had moderately high hope scores. A two-factor structure emerged from the factor analysis, explaining 51.44% of the variance. Both factors exhibited strong internal consistency (Cronbach's alphas ranged from .83 to .86). Satisfaction with social support was positively associated with hope, supporting convergent validity. Neurocognitive status, illness insight, and depression were not associated with hope, indicating discriminant validity. Families impacted by cognitive impairment may maintain hope in the face of a potentially progressive illness, regardless of cognitive status. The Herth Hope Index can be utilized as a reliable and valid measure of hope by practitioners providing support to families impacted by cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren Terhorst
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh
| | - Amanda Gentry
- Department of Health and Community Systems, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh
| | - Jennifer H Lingler
- Department of Health and Community Systems, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh
| |
Collapse
|
177
|
Factors associated with feelings of reward during ongoing family palliative caregiving. Palliat Support Care 2014; 13:505-12. [DOI: 10.1017/s1478951514000145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjective:Of the few studies that have paid attention to feelings of reward in family palliative caregiving, most are retrospective and examine the experiences of bereaved family caregivers. Although feeling rewarded has been described as an influence that may facilitate the way family caregivers handle the caregiving situation, no study has sought to identify the factors associated with feelings of reward while providing ongoing family palliative care. The aim of this study, therefore, was to identify influential factors in feelings of reward experienced by family palliative caregivers.Method:Our study had a correlational cross-sectional design. Family caregivers (n = 125) of patients receiving specialized palliative care were consecutively recruited from four settings. These caregivers answered a questionnaire that included the Rewards of Caregiving Scale (RCS). This questionnaire included questions about demographic background and scales to measure preparedness for caregiving, feelings of hope, perceived health, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with rewards.Results:The results demonstrated that the more prepared caregivers with higher levels of hope felt more rewarded, while caregivers with higher levels of anxiety and those in a spousal relationship with the patient felt less rewarded by caregiving.Significance of results:It seems reasonable that feeling rewarded can be a significant contributor to the overall experience of providing ongoing palliative care. The situation of family caregivers has been shown to be multifaceted and complex, and such covariant factors as preparedness, anxiety, hope, and being in a spousal relationship with the patient to influence this experience.
Collapse
|
178
|
Graham D, Becerril-Martinez G. Surgical resilience: a review of resilience biomarkers and surgical recovery. Surgeon 2014; 12:334-44. [PMID: 24742757 DOI: 10.1016/j.surge.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two distinct and large bodies of literature exist on resilience that are of potential interest for surgical outcomes. First is the literature on the impact of resilience on surgical recovery and wound-healing. Second is the literature on biomarkers for resilience, which largely focuses on neuropeptide Y (NPY), testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Despite this activity, there is a dearth of literature linking these two bodies of research by investigating biomarkers for surgical resilience and its impact on surgical recovery. This paper reviews both bodies of literature within the context of surgical recovery. METHOD Literature searches within Medline and Embase were conducted for studies and previous reviews of resilience biomarkers and for the impact of individual resilience on surgical recovery. Reference lists of the reviews were searched for additional papers. No systematic review is yet possible due to the novelty of the use of resilience biomarkers within a surgical context. RESULTS This is the first review to explore a potential link between resilience biomarkers and surgical recovery. There are a number of biomarkers that correlate with individual resilience levels and resilient individuals exhibit better recovery trajectories following surgery, suggesting a novel use of such biomarkers for the identification of "surgical resilience". CONCLUSION By identifying surgical resilience, there is potential for utilising these biomarkers as prognostic indicators of likely recovery trajectories from surgery, which in turn complement individualised peri-operative management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Graham
- Department of Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
179
|
Moore K, Ford P, Farah C. “I have quality of life…but…”: Exploring support needs important to quality of life in head and neck cancer. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2014; 18:192-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2013.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
180
|
Abstract
The utility of cognitive therapy (CT) for ambulatory cancer patients is clear but the acute cancer setting significantly shapes the therapeutic interaction, parameters, and delivery of CT. In this article, we describe how to apply CT to acute cancer settings, focusing on how this approach differs from traditionally taught, ambulatory CT. We highlight the importance of a tailored history and formulation, how the cognitive model is applied within an acute cancer context to promote coping and adaptation. Reframing must consider the "grain of truth" to many so-called distorted cognitions, such as "cancer means death." Fear of recurrence is an example of a common reframing challenge. Another is the "tyranny of positive thinking." Here there is avoidance of considering negative outcomes such as death; patients are told to "think positive," leaving them alone at a time of life-threatening crisis. Instead, acute cancer CT utilizes a stance of realistic optimism. Empathy plays a vital role in turning off the bracing reaction to threat and facilitating problem-solving. Successfully combining CT with medications is integral to this model. We also discuss how CT can be applied to discussing prognosis, the desire for hastened death and suicidality, as well as death and dying in general. Because of the ubiquitous nature of cancer, most cognitive therapists will encounter patients with cancer in their practices. Acute cancer CT is a skill set that should be widely taught to cognitive therapists and flagged as a priority for academic programs and professional organizations.
Collapse
|
181
|
A review of cognitive therapy in acute medical settings. Part II: strategies and complexities. Palliat Support Care 2014; 11:253-66. [PMID: 23823073 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951513000618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cognitive therapy (CT) has considerable utility for psychosomatic medicine (PM) in acute medical settings but, to date, no such cohesive adaptation has been developed. Part I delineated a CT model for acute medical settings focusing on assessment and formulation. In Part II, we review how CT can be applied to common PM clinical challenges. A pragmatic approach is helpful because this review targets PM trainees and educators. METHODS Narrative review is used to discuss the application of CT strategies to common challenges in acute medical settings. Treatment complexities and limitations associated with the PM setting are detailed. Exemplary dialogues are used to model techniques. RESULT We present CT approaches to eight common scenarios: (1) distressed or hopeless patients; (2) patients expressing pivotal distorted cognitions/images; (3) patients who catastrophize; (4) patients who benefit from distraction and activation strategies; (5) panic and anxiety; (6) suicidal patients; (7) patients who are stuck and helpless; (8) inhibited patients. Limitations are discussed. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS A CT informed PM assessment, formulation and early intervention with specific techniques offers a novel integrative framework for psychotherapy with the acutely medically ill. Future efforts should focus on dissemination, education of fellows and building research efficacy data.
Collapse
|
182
|
Besser A, Weinberg M, Zeigler-Hill V, Neria Y. Acute symptoms of posttraumatic stress and dissociative experiences among female israeli civilians exposed to war: the roles of intrapersonal and interpersonal sources of resilience. J Clin Psychol 2014; 70:1227-39. [PMID: 24619400 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The positive personality characteristics of optimism, hope, self-esteem, and perceived availability of social support are believed to play an important role in psychological adjustment to stressful life events. For example, these characteristics have been shown to be associated with fewer mood disturbances in response to a variety of stressors. However, relatively little is known about the extent to which these characteristics serve as sources of resilience among civilians during real-time exposure to war. OBJECTIVE This "natural laboratory" study examined the role that individual differences both in intrapersonal (i.e., positive personality features of hope, optimism, and self-esteem) and in interpersonal (i.e., perceived social support from family, friends, and significant others) sources of resilience may play in the development of acute anxiety symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and dissociative experiences during exposure to war. METHOD A nonclinical community sample of 140 female adults was assessed during real-time exposure to missile and rocket fire during an eruption of violence in the Middle East in November 2012. RESULTS The results demonstrate that both intrapersonal and interpersonal sources of resilience were negatively associated with acute PTSD and dissociative symptoms. CONCLUSION The findings of this study provide evidence that both intrapersonal and interpersonal sources of resilience may significantly mitigate the risk for acute anxiety symptoms among civilian communities exposed to traumatic events.
Collapse
|
183
|
Understanding parental behavior in pediatric palliative care: Attachment theory as a paradigm. Palliat Support Care 2014; 13:1559-68. [PMID: 24524227 DOI: 10.1017/s147895151300134x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this conceptual paper was to present important constructs in attachment theory as they apply to parent and caregiver behavior in pediatric palliative care. Clarification of these constructs is provided with specific reference to their clinical application as well as their reflection in current empirical literature. Social attachment theory is proposed as a developmentally contextual model for the study of parenting in pediatric palliative and end-of-life care. METHOD A comprehensive search was conducted of pertinent literatures. These included classic as well as recent theory and research in attachment theory in addition to the empirical literatures on parent and family experience in pediatric palliative care, serious illness, and beyond to parental bereavement. Other relevant literature was examined with respect to the phenomena of concern. RESULTS The empirical literature in pediatric palliative care supports the use of central concepts in attachment theory as foundational for further inquiry. This is evidenced in the emphasis on the importance of parental protection of the child, as well as executive activities such as decision making and other prominent parental operations, parental psychological resolution of the child's diagnosis and illness as well as coping and meaning making, and the core significance of parental relationships with providers who provide secure-base and safe-haven functions. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS The promise for developing integrated, conceptually based interventions from construction through implementation is of urgent importance to children and families receiving pediatric palliative care services. Focusing on key parental behaviors and processes within the context of a well-studied and contextually appropriate model will inform this task efficiently. The attachment paradigm meets these criteria and has promise in allowing us to move forward in developing well-defined, inclusive, and conceptually grounded protocols for child and family psychosocial research, practice, and education in this specialty.
Collapse
|
184
|
|
185
|
Krause N, Hayward RD. Religious Music and Health in Late Life: A Longitudinal Investigation. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE PSYCHOLOGY OF RELIGION 2014; 24:10.1080/10508619.2012.761529. [PMID: 24363543 PMCID: PMC3867015 DOI: 10.1080/10508619.2012.761529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Listening to religious music is often an important part of religious life. Yet there has been little empirical research on it. The purpose of this study is to test a conceptual model that specifies one way in which religious music may be associated with change in health over time. This model contains the following core relationships: (1) people who attend worship services more often will have stronger emotional reactions to religious music; (2) individuals who are more emotionally involved in religious music will be more likely to feel a close sense of connectedness with other people; (3) people who feel more closely connected with others will be more hopeful about the future; and (4) individuals who feel more hopeful will be more likely to rate their health in a favorably over time. The data provide support for each of these relationships. Significant variations by race were also observed in the findings.
Collapse
|
186
|
Einav M. Perceptions About Parents' Relationship and Parenting Quality, Attachment Styles, and Young Adults’ Intimate Expectations: A Cluster Analytic Approach. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2013; 148:413-34. [DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2013.805116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
187
|
Zhang H, Neelarambam K, Schwenke TJ, Rhodes MN, Pittman DM, Kaslow NJ. Mediators of a culturally-sensitive intervention for suicidal African American women. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2013; 20:401-14. [PMID: 23864403 PMCID: PMC3846771 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-013-9373-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study explored intervention outcomes and mechanisms that could help explain why low-income, African American women with a history of intimate partner abuse and suicide attempt improve in response to a culturally-informed intervention, the Grady Nia Project. Specifically, the investigation examined whether or not the intervention had effects on the women and whether or not spiritual well-being and coping mediated the effects of the intervention on suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms. In this randomized controlled clinical trial, data from 89 women who completed both pre- and post-intervention assessments were analyzed. During the post-intervention follow-up, women in the active intervention group reported lower levels of suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms and higher levels of existential well-being and adaptive coping skills than those women randomized to the treatment as usual group. However, only existential well-being was found to mediate treatment effects on suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms. Religious well-being, as well as adaptive and maladaptive coping, did not serve a mediational function. These findings highlight the importance of designing and implementing culturally-sensitive and evidence-based strategies that enhance existential well-being in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyu Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Grady Hospital, 80 Jesse Hill Jr. Drive, SE, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
188
|
Skeath P, Norris S, Katheria V, White J, Baker K, Handel D, Sternberg E, Pollack J, Groninger H, Phillips J, Berger A. The nature of life-transforming changes among cancer survivors. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2013; 23:1155-67. [PMID: 23863850 PMCID: PMC3807572 DOI: 10.1177/1049732313499074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Some cancer survivors report positive subjective changes they describe as "life transforming." We used a grounded theory approach to identify the content, underlying process, and identifying characteristics of self-defined "life-transforming" changes (LTCs) reported by 9 cancer survivors. To actualize their hopes for improvement, participants used a self-guided process centered on pragmatic action: researching options, gaining experience, and frankly evaluating results. Many participants discovered unanticipated personal abilities and resources, and those became highly useful in coping with other challenges apart from cancer. This made the increased personal abilities and resources "life transforming" rather than being substantially limited to reducing cancer-related problems. The action-oriented features and processes of LTCs seemed to be more fully described by experiential learning theory than by posttraumatic growth and coping. Supportive intervention to facilitate positive change processes could decrease suffering and enhance positive psychosocial and spiritual outcomes for cancer survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Perry Skeath
- Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
189
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Anxiety often arises in conjunction with dyspnoea in patients with severe COPD. Considering the provoking symptomatology and the high mortality rate for COPD, it is reasonable to believe that these conditions trigger death-related and existential anxiety. Although anxiety causes considerable distress and reduces quality of life, people's experience of anxiety has been studied relatively little. The aim of this study was to explore severely ill COPD patients' experience of anxiety and their strategies to alleviate anxiety. METHODS This qualitative, in-depth interview study explored perceptions of anxiety and the alleviation strategies that are adopted. Interviews were analyzed using a thematic content analysis approach, involving interpretive coding and identification of themes. People suffering from COPD (stage III or IV) were recruited from a pulmonary outpatient clinic in the west of Sweden. Purposive sampling was used, and thirty-one (31) patients were included. RESULTS Most of the patients had experienced anxiety associated with COPD. Analyses revealed three major themes, death anxiety, life anxiety, and counterweights to anxiety. Death anxiety included fear of suffocation, awareness of death, fear of dying and separation anxiety. Life anxiety included fear of living and fear of the future. Counterweights to anxiety concerned coping with suffocation, avoiding strategy, and a sense of joy that defied their vulnerable situation. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS The majority of patients experienced anxiety, which limited their lives. Although the patients experienced both life anxiety and death anxiety, they were able to cope with the situation and find a defiant joy to some extent.
Collapse
|
190
|
Granek L, Barrera M, Shaheed J, Nicholas D, Beaune L, D'Agostino N, Bouffet E, Antle B. Trajectory of parental hope when a child has difficult-to-treat cancer: a prospective qualitative study. Psychooncology 2013; 22:2436-44. [PMID: 23737306 DOI: 10.1002/pon.3305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This prospective and longitudinal study was designed to further our understanding of parental hope when a child is being treated for a malignancy resistant to treatment over three time points during the first year after diagnosis using a qualitative approach to inquiry. METHODS We prospectively recruited parents of pediatric cancer patients with a poor prognosis who were treated in the Hematology/Oncology Program at a large children's hospital for this longitudinal grounded theory study. Parents were interviewed at three time points: within 3 months of the initial diagnosis, at 6 months, and at 9 months. Data collection and analysis took place concurrently using line-by-line coding. Constant comparison was used to examine relationships within and across codes and categories. RESULTS Two overarching categories defining hope as a positive inner source were found across time, but their frequency varied depending on how well the child was doing and disease progression: future-oriented hope and present-oriented hope. Under future-oriented hope, we identified the following: hope for a cure and treatment success, hope for the child's future, hope for a miracle, and hope for more quality time with child. Under present-oriented hope, we identified hope for day-to-day/moment-to-moment, hope for no pain and suffering, and hope for no complications. CONCLUSIONS For parents of children with a diagnosis of cancer with a poor prognosis, hope is an internal resource that can be present and future focused. These views fluctuated over time in response to changes in the child's well-being and disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Granek
- Department of Public Health, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
191
|
Bello J, Ushie F, Kuranga S, Ajape A, Olute A, Olanrewaju M. Prolonged use of indwelling urinary catheter following acute urinary retention in a tertiary care centre in sub-Saharan Africa: Causes, costs and concerns. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.afju.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
192
|
Kahana E, Bhatta T, Lovegreen LD, Kahana B, Midlarsky E. Altruism, helping, and volunteering: pathways to well-being in late life. J Aging Health 2013; 25:159-87. [PMID: 23324536 DOI: 10.1177/0898264312469665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined the influence of prosocial orientations including altruism, volunteering, and informal helping on positive and negative well-being outcomes among retirement community dwelling elders. METHOD We utilize data from 2 waves, 3 years apart, of a panel study of successful aging (N = 585). Psychosocial well-being outcomes measured include life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, and depressive symptomatology. RESULTS Ordinal logistic regression results indicate that altruistic attitudes, volunteering, and informal helping behaviors make unique contributions to the maintenance of life satisfaction, positive affect and other well being outcomes considered in this research. Predictors explain variance primarily in the positive indicators of psychological well-being, but are not significantly associated with the negative outcomes. Female gender and functional limitations are also associated with diminished psychological well-being. DISCUSSION Our findings underscore the value of altruistic attitudes as important additional predictors, along with prosocial behaviors in fostering life satisfaction and positive affect in old age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kahana
- Department of Sociology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
193
|
Morris BA, Hadley DW, Koehly LM. The role of religious and existential well-being in families with Lynch syndrome: prevention, family communication, and psychosocial adjustment. J Genet Couns 2013; 22:482-91. [PMID: 23345057 DOI: 10.1007/s10897-013-9571-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the role of religious (RWB) and existential well-being (EWB) on psychosocial factors, support network characteristics, and screening practices in families with Lynch syndrome, also referred to as hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). Participants were individuals with Lynch syndrome associated cancers and their first-degree relatives at risk of inheriting an identified deleterious mutation. Analyses considered both family RWB and EWB norms and individual deviations from that norm. Analyses controlled for age, gender, cancer diagnosis, number of respondents, and network size. Higher family RWB was associated with increased depressive symptoms (p < .05) and avoidant cognitions (p < .05). Higher family EWB was related to decreased depression symptoms (p < .001). Higher family EWB was associated with fecal occult blood testing (p < .01), and family communication about genetic counselling and testing (p < .01). Analyses pointed to individual effects of EWB above and beyond family-level effects. Individuals with lower EWB than their family had lower perceived risk for colorectal cancer (p < .05), communicated disease risk information to less family members (p < .05), and were less likely to undergo recent colonoscopies (p < .05). Participants with lower EWB than their family also had higher cancer worry (p < .01) and increased depressive symptoms (p < .001). Findings indicate the importance of assessing individuals within the context of their family network and being aware of family characteristics which may impact individual adjustment to disease risk. Interventions considering family-level factors may provide efficient pathways to improving psychosocial factors, screening practices, communication about disease risk and genetic testing, and cancer prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bronwyn A Morris
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
194
|
|
195
|
Carpenter KM, Stoner SA, Schmitz K, McGregor BA, Doorenbos AZ. An online stress management workbook for breast cancer. J Behav Med 2012; 37:458-68. [PMID: 23212928 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-012-9481-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive behavioral stress management groups have been shown to be decrease psychological symptoms and increase adaptive coping in breast cancer patients, but dissemination of this effective intervention has been challenging. The goal of the present project was to develop an online cognitive behavioral stress management intervention for early stage breast cancer survivors and evaluate its effectiveness using a 2 group × 3 time randomized, waitlist-controlled design. Intervention and waitlist control group participants were assessed at three time points: at baseline; at 10 weeks, after which only intervention participants had used the workbook; and at 20 weeks, after which both groups had used the workbook. Results indicate that at 10 weeks intervention participants showed improved self-efficacy for coping with their cancer and for regulating negative mood and lower levels of cancer-related post-traumatic symptoms as compared to the control group, suggesting that an internet stress management intervention could be effective for helping breast cancer patients increase their confidence in their ability to cope with stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Carpenter
- Alere Wellbeing, Inc, 999 Third Avenue, Suite 2100, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
196
|
Besser A, Zeigler-Hill V. Positive Personality Features and Stress among First-year University Students: Implications for Psychological Distress, Functional Impairment, and Self-esteem. SELF AND IDENTITY 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2012.736690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
197
|
Untas A, Koleck M, Rascle N, Bruchon-Schweitzer M. Du modèle transactionnel à une approche dyadique en psychologie de la santé. PSYCHOLOGIE FRANCAISE 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.psfr.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
198
|
Haugstvedt KTS, Graff-Iversen S, Bukholm IRK, Haugli L, Hallberg U. Processes of enhanced self-understanding during a counselling programme for parents of children with disabilities. Scand J Caring Sci 2012; 27:108-16. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2012.01008.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
199
|
Sachs E, Kolva E, Pessin H, Rosenfeld B, Breitbart W. On sinking and swimming: the dialectic of hope, hopelessness, and acceptance in terminal cancer. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2012; 30:121-7. [PMID: 22556280 DOI: 10.1177/1049909112445371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
For terminally ill cancer patients, hope and hopelessness are constructs that significantly impact quality of life. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between hope and hopelessness in advanced cancer and to identify factors that maintain hope and increase vulnerability to hopelessness. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 22 terminally ill cancer patients. Interview transcripts were analyzed using thematic content analysis to identify patient definitions of these terms and associated cognitions and emotions. Hope and hopelessness were identified as distinct, often co-occurring, and dialectically interacting constructs. The relationship between hope and hopelessness often balanced on acceptance, perceived as diametrically opposed to hopelessness, and conducive to redirecting hope toward new goals. Positive interpersonal relationships enhanced hope, and uncontrolled physical pain increased vulnerability to hopelessness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Sachs
- Psychology Department, Fordham University, Bronx, NY 10458, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
200
|
Salmon P, Hill J, Ward J, Gravenhorst K, Eden T, Young B. Faith and protection: the construction of hope by parents of children with leukemia and their oncologists. Oncologist 2012; 17:398-404. [PMID: 22371382 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2011-0308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oncologists are criticized for fostering unrealistic hope in patients and families, but criticisms reflect a perspective that is oversimplified and "expert" guidance that is ambiguous or impractical. Our aim was to understand how pediatric oncologists manage parents' hope in practice and to evaluate how they address parents' needs. METHODS Participants were 53 parents and 12 oncologists whom they consulted across six U.K. centers. We audio recorded consultations approximately 1-2, 6, and 12 months after diagnosis. Parents were interviewed after each consultation to elicit their perspectives on the consultation and clinical relationship. Transcripts of consultations and interviews were analyzed qualitatively. RESULTS Parents needed hope in order to function effectively in the face of despair, and all wanted the oncologists to help them be hopeful. Most parents focused hope on the short term. They therefore needed oncologists to be authoritative in taking responsibility for the child's long-term survival while cushioning parents from information about longer-term uncertainties and being positive in providing information about short-term progress. A few parents who could not fully trust their oncologist were unable to hope. CONCLUSION Oncologists' pivotal role in sustaining hope was one that parents gave them. Most parents' "faith" in the oncologist allowed them to set aside, rather than deny, their fears about survival while investing their hopes in short-term milestones. Oncologists' behavior generally matched parents' needs, contradicting common criticisms of oncologists. Nevertheless, oncologists need to identify and address the difficulty that some parents have in fully trusting the oncologist and, consequently, being hopeful.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Salmon
- Division of Clinical Psychology, University of Liverpool, Whelan Building, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 3GB, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|