151
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Oliveira MB, Mano JF. High-throughput screening for integrative biomaterials design: exploring advances and new trends. Trends Biotechnol 2014; 32:627-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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152
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Kim BJ, Park T, Moon HC, Park SY, Hong D, Ko EH, Kim JY, Hong JW, Han SW, Kim YG, Choi IS. Cytoprotective Alginate/Polydopamine Core/Shell Microcapsules in Microbial Encapsulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201408454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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153
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Kim BJ, Park T, Moon HC, Park SY, Hong D, Ko EH, Kim JY, Hong JW, Han SW, Kim YG, Choi IS. Cytoprotective Alginate/Polydopamine Core/Shell Microcapsules in Microbial Encapsulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:14443-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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154
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Lowe SB, Tan VTG, Soeriyadi AH, Davis TP, Gooding JJ. Synthesis and High-Throughput Processing of Polymeric Hydrogels for 3D Cell Culture. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:1581-601. [DOI: 10.1021/bc500310v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Thomas P. Davis
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- Monash Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - J. Justin Gooding
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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155
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Chokkalingam V, Ma Y, Thiele J, Schalk W, Tel J, Huck WTS. An electro-coalescence chip for effective emulsion breaking in droplet microfluidics. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:2398-402. [PMID: 24889537 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00365a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Droplet-based microfluidics is increasingly used for biological applications, where the recovery of cells or particles after an experiment or assay is desirable. Here, we present an electro-demulsification chip which circumvents the use of harsh chemicals and multiple washing/centrifugation steps and offers a mild way for extracting cells and polymer particles into an aqueous phase from microfluidic water-in-oil emulsions.
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156
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Chau M, Abolhasani M, Thérien-Aubin H, Li Y, Wang Y, Velasco D, Tumarkin E, Ramachandran A, Kumacheva E. Microfluidic Generation of Composite Biopolymer Microgels with Tunable Compositions and Mechanical Properties. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:2419-25. [DOI: 10.1021/bm5002813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mokit Chau
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Milad Abolhasani
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Héloïse Thérien-Aubin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Yang Li
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Yihe Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Diego Velasco
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Ethan Tumarkin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Arun Ramachandran
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Eugenia Kumacheva
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Institute
of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
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157
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Ma Y, Neubauer MP, Thiele J, Fery A, Huck WTS. Artificial microniches for probing mesenchymal stem cell fate in 3D. Biomater Sci 2014; 2:1661-1671. [PMID: 32481947 DOI: 10.1039/c4bm00104d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Droplet microfluidics is combined with bio-orthogonal thiol-ene click chemistry to fabricate micrometer-sized, monodisperse fibrinogen-containing hyaluronic acid hydrogel microbeads in a mild, radical-free procedure in the presence of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The gel beads serve as microniches for the 3D culture of single hMSCs, containing hyaluronic acid and additional fibrinogen for cell surface binding, and they are porous and stable in tissue culture medium for up to 4 weeks with mechanical properties right in the range of soft solid tissues (0.9-9.2 kPa). The encapsulation procedure results in 70% viable hMSCs in the microbeads after 24 hours of culture and a very high degree of viability of the cells after long term culture of 2 weeks. hMSCs embedded in the microniches display an overall rounded morphology, consistent with those previously observed in 3D culture. Upon induction, the multipotency and differentiation potential of the hMSCs are characterized by staining of corresponding biomarkers, demonstrating a clear heterogeneity in the cell population. These hydrogel microbeads represent a versatile microstructured material platform with great potential for studying the differences of material cues and soluble factors in stem cell differentiation in a 3D tissue-like environment at the single cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Ma
- Department of Physical Organic Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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158
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Liu D, Zhang H, Herranz-Blanco B, Mäkilä E, Lehto VP, Salonen J, Hirvonen J, Santos HA. Microfluidic assembly of monodisperse multistage pH-responsive polymer/porous silicon composites for precisely controlled multi-drug delivery. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:2029-38. [PMID: 24616278 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201303740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We report an advanced drug delivery platform for combination chemotherapy by concurrently incorporating two different drugs into microcompoistes with ratiometric control over the loading degree. Atorvastatin and celecoxib were selected as model drugs due to their different physicochemical properties and synergetic effect on colorectal cancer prevention and inhibition. To be effective in colorectal cancer prevention and inhibition, the produced microcomposite contained hypromellose acetate succinate, which is insoluble in acidic conditions but highly dissolving at neutral or alkaline pH conditions. Taking advantage of the large pore volume of porous silicon (PSi), atorvastatin was firstly loaded into the PSi matrix, and then encapsulated into the pH-responsive polymer microparticles containing celecoxib by microfluidics in order to obtain multi-drug loaded polymer/PSi microcomposites. The prepared microcomposites showed monodisperse size distribution, multistage pH-response, precise ratiometric controlled loading degree towards the simultaneously loaded drug molecules, and tailored release kinetics of the loaded cargos. This attractive microcomposite platform protects the payloads from being released at low pH-values, and enhances their release at higher pH-values, which can be further used for colon cancer prevention and treatment. Overall, the pH-responsive polymer/PSi-based microcomposite can be used as a universal platform for the delivery of different drug molecules for combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfei Liu
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
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159
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Headen DM, Aubry G, Lu H, García AJ. Microfluidic-based generation of size-controlled, biofunctionalized synthetic polymer microgels for cell encapsulation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:3003-8. [PMID: 24615922 PMCID: PMC4058833 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201304880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cell and islet microencapsulation in synthetic hydrogels provides an immunoprotective and cell-supportive microenvironment. A microfluidic strategy for the genaration of biofunctionalized, synthetic microgel particles with precise control over particle size and molecular permeability for cell and protein delivery is presented. These engineered capsules support high cell viability and function of encapsulated human stem cells and islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon M Headen
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, 315 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, 311 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
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160
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Zamora-Mora V, Velasco D, Hernández R, Mijangos C, Kumacheva E. Chitosan/agarose hydrogels: cooperative properties and microfluidic preparation. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 111:348-55. [PMID: 25037360 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.04.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of composite biopolymer hydrogels offers the capability to produce biocompatible and biodegradable materials with cooperative properties. In this paper, two natural polymers, namely, chitosan and agarose were employed to prepare composite hydrogels with dual pH and temperature properties. The elastic modulus of the composite hydrogels increased with agarose concentration reaching the value of 1 kPa for the chitosan/agarose gel with a 2% (w/v) concentration of agarose. In addition, composite gels exhibited a higher stability in acidic aqueous solutions, in comparison with agarose gels. The drug release properties of the composite hydrogels were tested by loading a model anticancer drug, 5-Fluorouracil, in the hydrogel interior. At pH=7.4, the cumulative release of 5-FU was ∼ 50% within 96 h and decreased to ∼ 33% at pH = 5.2, which was attributed to the different solubility of 5-FU as a function of pH. The preparation of composite microgels with controllable dimensions in the range from 42 to 18 μm and with narrow size distribution (polidispersity not exceeding 1.5%) was achieved by the microfluidic emulsification of an aqueous mixture of chitosan and agarose and subsequent gelation of the precursor droplets by cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Zamora-Mora
- Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Diego Velasco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Rebeca Hernández
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Carmen Mijangos
- Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Eugenia Kumacheva
- Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Institute of Biomaterials & Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada.
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161
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New materials for microfluidics in biology. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2014; 25:78-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 09/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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162
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Bai S, Debnath S, Gibson K, Schlicht B, Bayne L, Zagnoni M, Ulijn RV. Biocatalytic self-assembly of nanostructured peptide microparticles using droplet microfluidics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:285-293. [PMID: 23913836 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201301333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Uniformly-sized, nanostructured peptide microparticles are generated by exploiting the ability of enzymes to serve (i) as catalysts, to control self-assembly within monodisperse, surfactant-stabilized water-in-oil microdroplets, and (ii) as destabilizers of emulsion interfaces, to enable facile transfer of the produced microparticles to water. This approach combines the advantages of biocatalytic self-assembly with the compartmentalization properties enabled by droplet microfluidics. Firstly, using microfluidic techniques, precursors of self-assembling peptide derivatives and enzymes are mixed in the microdroplets which upon catalytic conversion undergo molecular self-assembly into peptide particles, depending on the chemical nature of the precursors. Due to their amphiphilic nature, enzymes adsorb at the water-surfactant-oil interface of the droplets, inducing the transfer of peptide microparticles from the oil to the aqueous phase. Ultimately, through washing steps, enzymes can be removed from the microparticles which results in uniformely-sized particles composed of nanostructured aromatic peptide amphiphiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Bai
- WestCHEM/Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
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163
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Liu W, Shang L, Zheng F, Lu J, Qian J, Zhao Y, Gu Z. Photonic crystal encoded microcarriers for biomaterial evaluation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:88-93. [PMID: 23861358 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201301253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Photonic crystal encoded biomaterials microcarriers made from silica-hybrid photonic crystal beads are reported. The characteristic reflection peak originating from the physical periodic structure is used as the code of the microcarriers. They are stable during cell adhesion and culture on their surface. Based on this method, Different biomaterials are incorporated into different PCBs and used as encoded microcarriers for the multiplex evaluation of the interaction of cells and materials in a single culture experiment. These encoded microcarriers are ideal for multiplex bioevaluation of biomaterials or drug applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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164
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Thiele J, Ma Y, Bruekers SMC, Ma S, Huck WTS. 25th anniversary article: Designer hydrogels for cell cultures: a materials selection guide. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:125-47. [PMID: 24227691 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201302958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cell culturing, whether for tissue engineering or cell biology studies, always involves placing cells in a non-natural environment and no material currently exist that can mimic the entire complexity of natural tissues and variety of cell-matrix interactions that is found in vivo. Here, we review the vast range of hydrogels, composed of natural or synthetic polymers that provide a route to tailored microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Thiele
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525, AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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165
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Agarwal P, Zhao S, Bielecki P, Rao W, Choi JK, Zhao Y, Yu J, Zhang W, He X. One-step microfluidic generation of pre-hatching embryo-like core-shell microcapsules for miniaturized 3D culture of pluripotent stem cells. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:4525-33. [PMID: 24113543 PMCID: PMC3848340 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc50678a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel core-shell microcapsule system is developed in this study to mimic the miniaturized 3D architecture of pre-hatching embryos with an aqueous liquid-like core of embryonic cells and a hydrogel-shell of zona pellucida. This is done by microfabricating a non-planar microfluidic flow-focusing device that enables one-step generation of microcapsules with an alginate hydrogel shell and an aqueous liquid core of cells from two aqueous fluids. Mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells encapsulated in the liquid core are found to survive well (>92%). Moreover, ~20 ES cells in the core can proliferate to form a single ES cell aggregate in each microcapsule within 7 days while at least a few hundred cells are usually needed by the commonly used hanging-drop method to form an embryoid body (EB) in each hanging drop. Quantitative RT-PCR analyses show significantly higher expression of pluripotency marker genes in the 3D aggregated ES cells compared to the cells under 2D culture. The aggregated ES cells can be efficiently differentiated into beating cardiomyocytes using a small molecule (cardiogenol C) without complex combination of multiple growth factors. Taken together, the novel 3D microfluidic and pre-hatching embryo-like microcapsule systems are of importance to facilitate in vitro culture of pluripotent stem cells for their ever-increasing use in modern cell-based medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranay Agarwal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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166
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Titmarsh DM, Chen H, Glass NR, Cooper-White JJ. Concise review: microfluidic technology platforms: poised to accelerate development and translation of stem cell-derived therapies. Stem Cells Transl Med 2013; 3:81-90. [PMID: 24311699 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2013-0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are a powerful resource for producing a variety of cell types with utility in clinically associated applications, including preclinical drug screening and development, disease and developmental modeling, and regenerative medicine. Regardless of the type of stem cell, substantial barriers to clinical translation still exist and must be overcome to realize full clinical potential. These barriers span processes including cell isolation, expansion, and differentiation; purification, quality control, and therapeutic efficacy and safety; and the economic viability of bioprocesses for production of functional cell products. Microfluidic systems have been developed for a myriad of biological applications and have the intrinsic capability of controlling and interrogating the cellular microenvironment with unrivalled precision; therefore, they have particular relevance to overcoming such barriers to translation. Development of microfluidic technologies increasingly utilizes stem cells, addresses stem cell-relevant biological phenomena, and aligns capabilities with translational challenges and goals. In this concise review, we describe how microfluidic technologies can contribute to the translation of stem cell research outcomes, and we provide an update on innovative research efforts in this area. This timely convergence of stem cell translational challenges and microfluidic capabilities means that there is now an opportunity for both disciplines to benefit from increased interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew M Titmarsh
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and
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167
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Steinhilber D, Rossow T, Wedepohl S, Paulus F, Seiffert S, Haag R. Ein Mikrogelbaukasten für die bioorthogonale Verkapselung und pH-gesteuerte Freisetzung von lebenden Zellen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201308005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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168
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Steinhilber D, Rossow T, Wedepohl S, Paulus F, Seiffert S, Haag R. A microgel construction kit for bioorthogonal encapsulation and pH-controlled release of living cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:13538-43. [PMID: 24288142 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201308005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
pH-Cleavable cell-laden microgels with excellent long-term viabilities were fabricated by combining bioorthogonal strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) and droplet-based microfluidics. Poly(ethylene glycol)dicyclooctyne and dendritic poly(glycerol azide) served as bioinert hydrogel precursors. Azide conjugation was performed using different substituted acid-labile benzacetal linkers that allowed precise control of the microgel degradation kinetics in the interesting pH range between 4.5 and 7.4. By this means, a pH-controlled release of the encapsulated cells was achieved upon demand with no effect on cell viability and spreading. As a result, the microgel particles can be used for temporary cell encapsulation, allowing the cells to be studied and manipulated during the encapsulation and then be isolated and harvested by decomposition of the microgel scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Steinhilber
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin (Germany)
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169
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Seiffert
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, F-ISFM Soft Matter and Functional Materials; Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1 14109 Berlin Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Freie Universität Berlin; Takustr. 3 14195 Berlin Germany
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170
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Ma Y, Thiele J, Abdelmohsen L, Xu J, Huck WTS. Biocompatible macro-initiators controlling radical retention in microfluidic on-chip photo-polymerization of water-in-oil emulsions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 50:112-4. [PMID: 24217172 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc46733c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of water-soluble macro-initiators is synthesized to avoid radical loss in microfluidic on-chip photo cross-linking of hyaluronic acid methacrylate-containing water-in-oil emulsions. Their superior performance over known photo-initiators through the generation of water-soluble radicals and excellent biocompatibility are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Ma
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heyendaaleweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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171
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172
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Seiffert S. Small but Smart: Sensitive Microgel Capsules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:11462-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201303055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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173
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Ma S, Natoli M, Liu X, Neubauer MP, Watt FM, Fery A, Huck WTS. Monodisperse collagen-gelatin beads as potential platforms for 3D cell culturing. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:5128-5136. [PMID: 32261104 DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20851f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A droplet-based microfluidics technique is used to produce monodisperse, 80 μm collagen-gelatin beads with tunable mechanical properties in the range of 1-10 kPa after photo-crosslinking. The gel beads are porous, mechanically robust and stable in buffer, but can be degraded enzymatically. Encapsulated fibroblast cells maintain 70% viability after one-week encapsulation and preliminary results show that the degree of spreading of cells in gels is correlated with the stiffness of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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174
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Rossow T, Bayer S, Albrecht R, Tzschucke CC, Seiffert S. Supramolecular hydrogel capsules based on PEG: a step toward degradable biomaterials with rational design. Macromol Rapid Commun 2013; 34:1401-7. [PMID: 23929582 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201300353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular microgel capsules based on polyethylene glycol (PEG) are a promising class of soft particulate scaffolds with tailored properties. An approach to fabricate such particles with exquisite control by droplet-based microfluidics is presented. Linear PEG precursor polymers that carry bipyridine moieties on both chain termini are gelled by complexation to iron(II) ions. To investigate the biocompatibility of the microgels, living mammalian cells are encapsulated within them. The microgel elasticity is controlled by using PEG precursors of different molecular weights at different concentrations and the influence of these parameters on the cell viabilities, which can be optimized to exceed 90% is studied. Reversion of the supramolecular polymer cross-linking allows the microcapsules to be degraded at mild conditions with no effect on the viability of the encapsulated and released cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Rossow
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, Berlin, D-14195, Germany
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175
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Wang Y, Tumarkin E, Velasco D, Abolhasani M, Lau W, Kumacheva E. Exploring a direct injection method for microfluidic generation of polymer microgels. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:2547-2553. [PMID: 23407698 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc41385c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics (MFs) offers a promising method for the preparation of polymer microgels with exquisite control over their dimensions, shapes and morphologies. A challenging task in this process is the generation of droplets (precursors for microgels) from highly viscous polymer solutions. Spatial separation of MF emulsification and gelation of the precursor droplets on chip can address this challenge. In the present work, we explored the application of the "direct injection" method for the preparation of microgels by adding a highly concentrated polymer solution or a gelling agent directly into the precursor droplets. In the first system, primary droplets were generated from a dilute aqueous solution of agarose, followed by the injection of the concentrated agarose solution directly in the primary droplets. The secondary droplets served as precursors for microgels. In the second system, primary droplets were generated from the low-viscous solution of methyl-β-cyclodextrin and poly(ethylene glycol) end-terminated with octadecyl hydrophobic groups. Addition of surfactant directly into the primary droplets led to the binding of methyl-β-cyclodextrin to the surfactant, thereby releasing hydrophobized poly(ethylene glycol) to form polymer microgels. Our results show that, when optimized, the direct injection method can be used for microgel preparation from highly viscous liquids and thus this method expands the range of polymers used for MF generation of microgels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihe Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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176
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Ma M, Chiu A, Sahay G, Doloff JC, Dholakia N, Thakrar R, Cohen J, Vegas A, Chen D, Bratlie KM, Dang T, York RL, Hollister-Lock J, Weir GC, Anderson DG. Core-shell hydrogel microcapsules for improved islets encapsulation. Adv Healthc Mater 2013; 2:667-72. [PMID: 23208618 PMCID: PMC3814167 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201200341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Islets microencapsulation holds great promise to treat type 1 diabetes. Currently used alginate microcapsules often have islets protruding outside capsules, leading to inadequate immuno-protection. A novel design of microcapsules with core-shell structures using a two-fluid co-axial electro-jetting is reported. Improved encapsulation and diabetes correction is achieved in a single step by simply confining the islets in the core region of the capsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglin Ma
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alan Chiu
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gaurav Sahay
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Joshua C. Doloff
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nimit Dholakia
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Raj Thakrar
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joshua Cohen
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Arturo Vegas
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Delai Chen
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kaitlin M. Bratlie
- Departments of Materials Science & Engineering and Chemical & Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011
| | - Tram Dang
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Roger L. York
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jennifer Hollister-Lock
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Gordon C. Weir
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Daniel G. Anderson
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Division of Health Science Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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177
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Smeets NMB, Hoare T. Designing responsive microgels for drug delivery applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels M. B. Smeets
- Department of Chemical Engineering; McMaster University; Hamilton Ontario Canada L8S 4L8
| | - Todd Hoare
- Department of Chemical Engineering; McMaster University; Hamilton Ontario Canada L8S 4L8
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178
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Nunes JK, Tsai SSH, Wan J, Stone HA. Dripping and jetting in microfluidic multiphase flows applied to particle and fiber synthesis. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D: APPLIED PHYSICS 2013; 46:114002. [PMID: 23626378 PMCID: PMC3634598 DOI: 10.1088/0022-3727/46/11/114002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Dripping and jetting regimes in microfluidic multiphase flows have been investigated extensively, and this review summarizes the main observations and physical understandings in this field to date for three common device geometries: coaxial, flow-focusing and T-junction. The format of the presentation allows for simple and direct comparison of the different conditions for drop and jet formation, as well as the relative ease and utility of forming either drops or jets among the three geometries. The emphasis is on the use of drops and jets as templates for microparticle and microfiber syntheses, and a description is given of the more common methods of solidification and strategies for achieving complex multicomponent microparticles and microfibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Nunes
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
| | - S S H Tsai
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
| | - J Wan
- Microsystems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623 USA
| | - H A Stone
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
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179
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Allazetta S, Hausherr TC, Lutolf MP. Microfluidic synthesis of cell-type-specific artificial extracellular matrix hydrogels. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:1122-31. [PMID: 23439131 DOI: 10.1021/bm4000162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Droplet microfluidic technology is applied for the high-throughput synthesis via Michael-type addition of reactive, micrometer-sized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels ("microgels") with precisely controlled dimension and physicochemical properties. A versatile chemical scheme is used to modify the reactive PEG microgels with tethered biomolecules to tune their bioactive properties for the bioreactor culture and manipulation of various (stem) cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Allazetta
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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180
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Yang SH, Hong D, Lee J, Ko EH, Choi IS. Artificial spores: cytocompatible encapsulation of individual living cells within thin, tough artificial shells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:178-186. [PMID: 23124994 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201202174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cells are encapsulated individually within thin and tough shells in a cytocompatible way, by mimicking the structure of bacterial endospores that survive under hostile conditions. The 3D 'cell-in-shell' structures-coined as 'artificial spores'-enable modulation and control over cellular metabolism, such as control of cell division, resistance to external stresses, and surface-functionalizability, providing a useful platform for applications, including cell-based sensors, cell therapy, regenerative medicine, as well as for fundamental studies on cellular metabolism at the single-cell level and cell-to-cell communications. This Concept focuses on chemical approaches to single-cell encapsulation with artificial shells for creating artificial spores, including cross-linked layer-by-layer assembly, bioinspired mineralization, and mussel-inspired polymerization. The current status and future prospects of this emerging field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ho Yang
- Department of Chemistry Education, Korea National University of Education, Chungbuk 363-791, Korea
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181
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Seiffert S. Microgel capsules tailored by droplet-based microfluidics. Chemphyschem 2012; 14:295-304. [PMID: 23225762 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201200749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Microgel capsules are micrometer-sized particles that consist of a cross-linked, solvent-swollen polymer network complexed with additives. These particles have various applications, such as drug delivery, catalysis, and analytics. To optimize the performance of microgel capsules, it is crucial to control their size, shape, and content of encapsulated additives with high precision. There are two classes of microgel-capsule structures. One class comprises bulk microcapsules that consist of a polymer network spanning the entire particle and entrapping the additive within its meshes. The other class comprises core-shell structures; in this case, the microgel polymer network just forms the shell of the particles, whereas their interior is hollow and hosts the encapsulated payload. Both types of structures can be produced with exquisite control by droplet-based microfluidic templating followed by subsequent droplet gelation. This article highlights some early and recent achievements in the use of this technique to tailor soft microgel capsules; it also discusses applications of these particles. A special focus is on the encapsulation of living cells, which are very sensitive and complex but also very useful additives for immobilization within microgel particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Seiffert
- F-I2 Soft Matter and Functional Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Germany.
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182
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Lehmann S, Seiffert S, Richtering W. Spatially Resolved Tracer Diffusion in Complex Responsive Hydrogels. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:15963-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja306808j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Swen Lehmann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, D-52074 Aachen,
Germany
| | - Sebastian Seiffert
- F-I2 Soft Matter
and Functional
Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, D-14109
Berlin, Germany
- Institute
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, FU Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Walter Richtering
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, D-52074 Aachen,
Germany
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183
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Luo RC, Chen CH. Structured Microgels through Microfluidic Assembly and Their Biomedical Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/soft.2012.11001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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