151
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Bioactive compounds and antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of extracts of Curcuma longa. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-00950-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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152
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Sagbo IJ, Otang-Mbeng W. Plants Used for the Traditional Management of Cancer in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa: A Review of Ethnobotanical Surveys, Ethnopharmacological Studies and Active Phytochemicals. Molecules 2021; 26:4639. [PMID: 34361790 PMCID: PMC8347031 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer occurrence is rapidly increasing all over the world, including in developing countries. The current trend in cancer management requires the use of herbal remedies since the majority of anticancer drugs are known to be costly, with unwanted side effects. In the Eastern Cape province, the use of medicinal plants for cancer management has been climbing steadily over the past two decades due to their cultural belief, low cost, efficacy, and safety claims. With the aim of identifying some potential anticancer plants for probable drug development, this study was undertaken to review plants reported by ethnobotanical surveys in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa for the traditional management of cancer. Information regarding plants used for cancer management in the Eastern Cape province was obtained from multidisciplinary databases and ethnobotanical books. About 24 plant species belonging to twenty families have been reported to be used for the traditional management of cancer in the Eastern Cape province. Among the anticancer plant species, only 16 species have been explored scientifically for their anticancer activities. This review authenticated the use of anticancer plant species in the Eastern Cape province and, therefore, identified several promising unexplored species for further scientific evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idowu Jonas Sagbo
- School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Private Bag X11283, Mbombela 1200, South Africa;
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153
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Hameed S, Khalil AT, Ali M, Iqbal J, Rahman L, Numan M, Khamlich S, Maaza M, Ullah I, Abbasi BA, Alasmari F, Shinwari ZK. Precursor effects on the physical, biological, and catalytic properties of Fagonia indica Burm.f. mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:3087-3103. [PMID: 34310797 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We report a facile, green and precursor-based comparative study on the biosynthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) using anticancerous Fagonia indica as effective chelating agent. Biosynthesis was carried out using zinc sulfate and zinc acetate as precursor salts to make ZnOS and ZnOA NPs under similar experimental conditions which were characterized extensively for physical and biological properties. Scherrer equation deduced a mean crystallite size of ~23.4 nm for ZnOA NPs and ~41 nm for ZnOS NPs. The nature of the NPs was compared using UV, diffuse reflectance spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis-DTA, selected area electron diffraction, EDS, zeta potential, high resolution (HR)-SEM, and HR-TEM. Detailed in vitro pharmacognostic activities revealed a significant therapeutic potential for ZnOA and ZnOS . Potential antimicrobial activities for the NPs and their nanocosmeceutical formulations are reported. ZnOA NPs were more cytotoxic to Leishmania tropica as compared to ZnOS . Significant antioxidant and protein kinase inhibition was obtained. The hemolytic assay indicated a hemocompatible nature of both ZnOA and ZnOS NPs. Catalytic degradation of crystal violet dye (CVD) by NPs was examined under different parameters (light, dark, UV). Furthermore, sonophotocatalytic degradation of CVD was also studied. Our results suggested that precursor can have a significant effect on the physical, biological, and catalytic properties of the NPs. In future, we recommend different other in vitro, in vivo biological activities, and mechanistic studies of these as-synthesized NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safia Hameed
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Talha Khalil
- Department of Pathology, Lady Reading Hospital, MTI, Peshawar, Pakistan.,UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.,Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, Somerset West, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkkhwa, Pakistan.,Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Lubna Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Numan
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saleh Khamlich
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.,Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, Somerset West, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Malik Maaza
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.,Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, Somerset West, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Ikram Ullah
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | | | - Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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154
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Cytotoxic potential of bioactive seed proteins from Mallotus philippensis against various cancer cell lines. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-01974-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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155
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Mangla B, Javed S, Sultan MH, Kumar P, Kohli K, Najmi A, Alhazmi HA, Al Bratty M, Ahsan W. Sulforaphane: A review of its therapeutic potentials, advances in its nanodelivery, recent patents, and clinical trials. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5440-5458. [PMID: 34184327 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally, herbal supplements have shown an exceptional potential of desirability for the prevention of diseases and their treatment. Sulforaphane (SFN), an organosulfur compound belongs to the isothiocyanate (ITC) group and is mainly found naturally in cruciferous vegetables. Several studies have now revealed that SFN possesses broad spectrum of activities and has shown extraordinary potential as antioxidant, antitumor, anti-angiogenic, and anti-inflammatory agent. In addition, SFN is proven to be less toxic, non-oxidizable, and its administration to individuals is well tolerated, making it an effective natural dietary supplement for clinical trials. SFN has shown its ability to be a promising future drug molecule for the management of various diseases mainly due to its potent antioxidant properties. In recent times, several newer drug delivery systems were designed and developed for this potential molecule in order to enhance its bioavailability, stability, and to reduce its side effects. This review focuses to cover numerous data supporting the wide range of pharmacological activities of SFN, its drug-related issues, and approaches to improve its physicochemical and biological properties, including solubility, stability, and bioavailability. Recent patents and the ongoing clinical trials on SFN are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharti Mangla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Shamama Javed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Hadi Sultan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, India
| | - Kanchan Kohli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Asim Najmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Alhazmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al Bratty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waquar Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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156
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Sana SS, Singh RP, Sharma M, Srivastava AK, Manchanda G, Rai AR, Zhang ZJ. Biogenesis and Application of Nickel Nanoparticles: A Review. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 22:808-822. [PMID: 33397255 DOI: 10.2174/1389201022999210101235233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Biogenic synthesis of Nanoparticles (NPs) is attractive due to their ecological benefits and cheap, rapid, and sustainable nature. Among them, Nickel Oxide NPs (NiO-NPs) are acquired for their varied catalytic and clinical applications, as they have antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, anticancer, antioxidant, remediation, and enzyme inhibition properties. Though several chemical-dependent methods were applied for the fabrication of nanoparticles, due to their substantial disadvantages, mainly toxicity and higher cost synthesis methods, the more secure, greener, eco-friendly, cost-effective, and synthetic methods are in demand. Greener approaches can take away the arduousness and complications of physicochemical methods. The present review is aimed at displaying the recent advancement related to the catalytic activity, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, and antioxidant application of green synthesized Nickle. In this study, nickle oxide nanoparticles have been highlighted along with their sustainable synthesis options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva S Sana
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, China
| | - Raghvendra P Singh
- Department of Research and Development, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- Department of Food Technology, ACA, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Himachal Pradesh-173101, India
| | - Atul K Srivastava
- Department of Research and Development, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Geetanjali Manchanda
- Department of Botany and Environmental Studies, DAV University, Jalandhar, India
| | - Alok R Rai
- Department of Microbiology, SK Porwal College, Kamptee, Nagpur, India
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, China
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157
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Bayrak N, Ciftci HI, Yıldız M, Yıldırım H, Sever B, Tateishi H, Otsuka M, Fujita M, Tuyun AF. Structure based design, synthesis, and evaluation of anti-CML activity of the quinolinequinones as LY83583 analogs. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 345:109555. [PMID: 34146539 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Quinone-based small molecules are the promising structures for antiproliferative drug design and can induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Among them, one of the quinolinequinones, named as 6-anilino-5,8-quinolinequinone, LY83583 has the ability to inhibit the growth of cancer cells as an inhibitor of cyclase. The biological potential of all synthesized compounds as the analogs of the identified lead molecule LY83583 that possessed the antiproliferative efficiency was determined. The two series of the LY83583 analogs containing electron-withdrawing or electron-donating group(s) were synthesized and subsequently in vitro evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against K562, Jurkat, MT-2, and HeLa cell lines using MTT assay. All the LY83583 analogs showed antiproliferative activity with good IC50 values (less than positive control imatinib). Four analogs from each series were also selected for the determination of selectivity against human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The analog AQQ15 showed high potency towards all cancer cell lines with almost similar selectivity of imatinib. In order to get a better insight into cytotoxic effects of the analog AQQ15 in K562 cells, further apoptotic effects due to annexin V/ethidium homodimer III staining, ABL1 kinase inhibition, and DNA cleaving ability were examined. The analog AQQ15 induced apoptotic cell death in K562 cells with 34.6% compared to imatinib (6.5%). This analog showed no considerable ABL1 kinase inhibitory activity but significant DNA cleavage activity indicating DNA fragmentation-induced apoptosis. Besides, molecular docking studies revealed that the analog AQQ15 established proper interactions with the deoxyribose sugar attached with the nucleobases adenine and guanidine respectively, in the minor groove of the double helix of DNA. In silico predicted pharmacokinetic parameters of this analog were found to comply with the standard range making it an efficient anticancer drug candidate for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilüfer Bayrak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Halil I Ciftci
- Department of Drug Discovery, Science Farm Ltd., Kumamoto, Japan; Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mahmut Yıldız
- Chemistry Department, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Hatice Yıldırım
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Belgin Sever
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Hiroshi Tateishi
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masami Otsuka
- Department of Drug Discovery, Science Farm Ltd., Kumamoto, Japan; Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mikako Fujita
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Amaç Fatih Tuyun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey.
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158
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Chethankumara GP, Nagaraj K, Krishna V, Krishnaswamy G. Isolation, characterization and in vitro cytotoxicity studies of bioactive compounds from Alseodaphne semecarpifolia Nees. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07325. [PMID: 34195430 PMCID: PMC8239719 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Alseodaphne semecarpifolia (Lauraceae) is a traditional medicinal plant historically used in Indian Western Ghats to treat various human diseases. From the past few decades it has been traditionally recognized as an effective agent in cancer treatment. The phytochemical investigation of the stem bark and leaves of A. semecarpifolia led to the isolation of bioactive flavonoid compounds Icariin and Baicalein. Their structures were elucidated from obtained spectral data (1H NMR, 13C NMR, 1H 1H COSY, FTIR and MS). Cytotoxic activity of Icariin and Baicalein evaluated against MCF-7 cells revealed their potent activity with an IC50 of 42.15 ± 4.78 μg/ml and 44.37 ± 3.46 μg/ml, respectively, while very least effect was observed on normal cells (L6). Present study has suggested that both Icariin and Baicalein have potent cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kakanahalli Nagaraj
- Department of PG Studies and Research in Applied Zoology, Kuvempu University, Shivamogga, Karnataka, 577 451, India
| | - Venkatarangaiah Krishna
- Department of PG Studies and Research in Biotechnology, Kuvempu University, Shivamogga, Karnataka, 577 451, India
| | - Gurunathan Krishnaswamy
- Department of PG Studies and Research in Organic Chemistry, Tumkur University, Tumakuru, Karnataka, 572 102, India
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159
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Djamgoz MBA, Jentzsch V. Integrative Management of Pancreatic Cancer (PDAC): Emerging Complementary Agents and Modalities. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:1139-1162. [PMID: 34085871 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1934043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease. The standard first-line treatment for PDAC is gemcitabine chemotherapy which, unfortunately, offers only limited chance of a lasting cure. This review further evaluates the hypothesis that the effectiveness of gemcitabine can be improved by combining it with evidence-based complementary measures. Previously, supported by clinical trial data, we suggested that a number of dietary factors and nutraceuticals can be integrated with gemcitabine therapy. Here, we evaluate a further 10 agents for which no clinical trials have (yet) been carried out but there are promising data from in vivo and/or in vitro studies including experiments involving combined treatments with gemcitabine. Two groups of complementary agents are considered: Dietary factors (resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, vitamin B9, capsaicin, quercetin and sulforaphane) and nutraceutical agents (artemisinin, garcinol, thymoquinone and emodin). In addition, we identified seven promising agents for which there is currently only basic (mostly in vitro) data. Finally, as a special case of combination therapy, we highlighted synergistic drug combinations involving gemcitabine with "repurposed" aspirin or metformin. We conclude overall that integrated management of PDAC currently is likely to produce the best outcome for patients and for this a wide range of complementary measures is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa B A Djamgoz
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Valerie Jentzsch
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
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160
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More MP, Pardeshi SR, Pardeshi CV, Sonawane GA, Shinde MN, Deshmukh PK, Naik JB, Kulkarni AD. Recent advances in phytochemical-based Nano-formulation for drug-resistant Cancer. MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2021.100082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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161
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Antiproliferative effect of cryptotanshinone against human non-small cell lung cancer cells through inactivation of lncRNA HOTAIR /p-Akt signaling pathway. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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162
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Almeer RS, Muhammad NAE, Othman MS, Aref AM, Elgamal B, Moneim AEA. The Potential Protective Effect of Orange Peel and Selenium against 17β-Estradiol- Induced Chronic Non-Bacterial Prostatitis in Rats. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:1061-1071. [PMID: 32228431 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200331102609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate Cancer (PCa) is defined as a major health problem faced by the male population. AIM We aimed to investigate the protective effects of Orange Peel Extract (OPE) and/or Selenium (Se) on chronic non-bacterial prostatitis in a rat model. METHODS Fifty-six adult male Wistar albino rats were castrated; after 5 days, they were divided randomly into eight groups (n= 7). The control group received saline treatment; while 17β-estradiol (E2) (0.25mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously in rats from Groups V, VI, VII, and VIII to induce chronic non-bacterial prostatitis. They were then treated with OPE (400mg/kg body weight; Groups II, IV, VI, and VIII) and/or sodium selenite (0.5mg/kg body weight; Groups III, IV, VII, and VIII) for 30 days. Interleukin-2 (IL2) and Prostate Cancer Antigen 3 (PCA3) mRNA expressions were determined using qPCR; Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) protein expression was determined immunohistochemically. Prostate tissue histology was examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and the levels of oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzymes were measured. RESULTS E2 administration significantly increased IL2 and PCA3 mRNA expressions, and PSA protein expression. It also increased the prostate wet weight and body weight, and lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, TNF-α, and IL-1β levels, decreased the glutathione and antioxidant enzyme levels and caused distinct histological alterations in the prostate gland. OPE and/or Se markedly improved all the studied parameters due to their antioxidant properties and anti-inflammatory effects. CONCLUSION OPE and Se showed protective effects against 17β-estradiol-induced chronic non-bacterial prostatitis. These results suggest that protection of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis by OPE+Se combination involves anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation. Moreover, their synergistic mechanism was mostly achieved via the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafa S Almeer
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada A E Muhammad
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Othman
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Modern Sciences and Arts University (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Aref
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Modern Sciences and Arts University (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Basma Elgamal
- Clinical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Abdel Moneim
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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163
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Evaluation of Pulsed Electric Field Polyphenol Extraction from Vitis vinifera, Sideritis scardica and Crocus sativus. CHEMENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering5020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This study exploited the application of pulsed electric field (PEF) on the recovery of polyphenols from aerial parts of Sideritis scardica, tepals of Crocus sativus, and fruits of Vitis vinifera. Short pulses of 10 μs in a period of 1 ms were applied to the plant material, while different electric field intensities, 1.2 to 2.0 kV/cm were tested to optimize the procedure. The content in total polyphenols and the polyphenolic profile of the plant extracts were evaluated. Along with PEF samples, control samples were prepared for comparison. PEF treatment enhanced the recovery in total polyphenols for all the three plants examined. A significant increase was noticed in each plant tested and PEF condition applied, though lower electric field intensities up to 1.4 kV/cm proved to be more effective. Under the optimum electric field intensities, 1.4 kV/cm for V. vinifera and 1.2 kV/cm for S. scardica and C. sativus, increases of 49.15%, 35.25%, and 44.36% in total polyphenol content, respectively, were achieved. Additionally, an 85% increase of quercetin 3-rutinoside for V. vinifera, a 56% of apigenin 7-O-glucoside for S. scardica, and a 64% increase for kaempferol 3-O-glucoside for C. sativus were obtained.
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164
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Munakarmi S, Shrestha J, Shin HB, Lee GH, Jeong YJ. 3,3'-Diindolylmethane Suppresses the Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Regulating Its Invasion, Migration, and ER Stress-Mediated Mitochondrial Apoptosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051178. [PMID: 34066056 PMCID: PMC8151225 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide with limited treatment options. Biomarker-based active phenolic flavonoids isolated from medicinal plants might shed some light on potential therapeutics for treating HCC. 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM) is a unique biologically active dimer of indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a phytochemical compound derived from Brassica species of cruciferous vegetables—such as broccoli, kale, cabbage, and cauliflower. It has anti-cancer effects on various cancers such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, endometrial cancer, and colon cancer. However, the molecular mechanism of DIM involved in reducing cancer risk and/or enhancing therapy remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate anti-cancer and therapeutic effects of DIM in human hepatoma cell lines Hep3B and HuhCell proliferation was measured with MTT and trypan blue colony formation assays. Migration, invasion, and apoptosis were measured with Transwell assays and flow cytometry analyses. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) intensity and the loss in mitochondrial membrane potential of Hep3B and Huh7 cells were determined using dihydroethidium (DHE) staining and tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester dye. Results showed that DIM significantly suppressed HCC cell growth, proliferation, migration, and invasion in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, DIM treatment activated caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway and suppressed epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) via ER stress and unfolded protein response (UPR). Taken together, our results suggest that DIM is a potential anticancer drug for HCC therapy by targeting ER-stress/UPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvesh Munakarmi
- Laboratory of Liver Regeneration, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Juna Shrestha
- Alka Hospital Private Limited, Jwalakhel, Kathmandu 446010, Nepal;
| | - Hyun-Beak Shin
- Department of Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Geum-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and New Drug Development Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Yeon-Jun Jeong
- Laboratory of Liver Regeneration, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
- Department of Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
- Correspondence:
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165
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Potential anticancer activities of Rhus coriaria (sumac) extract against human cancer cell lines. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:228452. [PMID: 33891003 PMCID: PMC8112848 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20204384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic strategies of plant origin are a better choice as both dietary plant products or its isolated active constituents against the development and progression of cancer. The present study aims to evaluate the anticancer activity of sumac (Rhus coriaria) against different human cancer MCF-7, PC-3, and SKOV3 cell lines. In addition, the study tries to explore a prospective mechanism of action, assessment of in vitro enzyme-inhibitory capacity of sumac extract against hCA I, II, IX, and XII. In the present study, the potential antitumor effects of sumac (Rhus coriaria) were explored in the human cancer cell lines; MCF-7, PC-3, and SKOV3 using in vitro assays. Apoptotic, cell survival, ELISA immunoassays were also conducted to reveal the inhibitory effects of sumac extract against hCA I, II, IX, and XII. In addition, both Clioquinol and Acetazolamide (AZM) were used as standards to explore the in vitro enzyme-inhibitory capacity of sumac extract against hCA I, II, IX, and XII. The hydro-alcoholic extract of R. coriaria (Sumac) was subjected to phytochemical analysis using GC/MS assays. Sumac at non-cytotoxic doses of 50 and 100 µM significantly modulates the growth of the MCF-7, PC-3, and SKOV3 cancer cells with a higher inhibitory effect and selectivity to carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms; hCA I, II, hCA IX, and XII. The data showed that sumac at doses of 50 and 100 µM significantly inhibited the growth, proliferation, and viability of cancer cells by activating the apoptotic process via caspase-3 overexpression and the regulation of Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic protein.
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166
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Barani M, Hosseinikhah SM, Rahdar A, Farhoudi L, Arshad R, Cucchiarini M, Pandey S. Nanotechnology in Bladder Cancer: Diagnosis and Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2214. [PMID: 34063088 PMCID: PMC8125468 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer of the urinary tract in men and the fourth most common cancer in women, and its incidence rises with age. There are many conventional methods for diagnosis and treatment of BC. There are some current biomarkers and clinical tests for the diagnosis and treatment of BC. For example, radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy and surgical, but residual tumor cells mostly cause tumor recurrence. In addition, chemotherapy after transurethral resection causes high side effects, and lack of selectivity, and low sensitivity in sensing. Therefore, it is essential to improve new procedures for the diagnosis and treatment of BC. Nanotechnology has recently sparked an interest in a variety of areas, including medicine, chemistry, physics, and biology. Nanoparticles (NP) have been used in tumor therapies as appropriate tools for enhancing drug delivery efficacy and enabling therapeutic performance. It is noteworthy, nanomaterial could be reduced the limitation of conventional cancer diagnosis and treatments. Since, the major disadvantages of therapeutic drugs are their insolubility in an aqueous solvent, for instance, paclitaxel (PTX) is one of the important therapeutic agents utilized to treating BC, due to its ability to prevent cancer cell growth. However, its major problem is the poor solubility, which has confirmed to be a challenge when improving stable formulations for BC treatment. In order to reduce this challenge, anti-cancer drugs can be loaded into NPs that can improve water solubility. In our review, we state several nanosystem, which can effective and useful for the diagnosis, treatment of BC. We investigate the function of metal NPs, polymeric NPs, liposomes, and exosomes accompanied therapeutic agents for BC Therapy, and then focused on the potential of nanotechnology to improve conventional approaches in sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Barani
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169-14111, Iran;
| | - Seyedeh Maryam Hosseinikhah
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91886-17871, Iran; (S.M.H.); (L.F.)
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol 98613-35856, Iran
| | - Leila Farhoudi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91886-17871, Iran; (S.M.H.); (L.F.)
| | - Rabia Arshad
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Sadanand Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
- Particulate Matter Research Center, Research Institute of Industrial Science & Technology (RIST), 187-12, Geumho-ro, Gwangyang-si 57801, Korea
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167
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Dube NP, Siwe-Noundou X, Krause RWM, Kemboi D, Tembu VJ, Manicum AL. Review of the Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activities of Rhoicissus Species (Vitaceae). Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082306. [PMID: 33923374 PMCID: PMC8071561 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Species within the genus Rhoicissus (Vitaceae) are commonly used in South African traditional medicine. The current review discusses the occurrence, distribution, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties of Rhoicissus species covering the period 1981–2020. The data reported were systematically collected, read, and analysed from scientific electronic databases including Scopus, Scifinder, Pubmed, and Google Scholar. Reported evidence indicates that species in this genus are used for the treatment of gastrointestinal complaints, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and infertility, as well as to tone the uterus during pregnancy and to facilitate delivery. Pharmacological studies have further shown that members of the Rhoicissus genus display antidiabetic, uterotonic, ascaricidal, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. They are linked to the presence of bioactive compounds isolated from the genus. Hence, Rhoicissus species can potentially be an alternative therapeutic strategy to treat diseases and develop safer and more potent drugs to combat diseases. Plant species of this genus have valuable medicinal benefits due to their significant pharmacological potential. However, scientific investigation and information of the therapeutic potential of Rhoicissus remain limited as most of the species in the genus have not been fully exploited. Therefore, there is a need for further investigations to exploit the therapeutic potential of the genus Rhoicissus. Future studies should evaluate the phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological activities, as well as the mode of action, of Rhoicissus crude extracts and secondary compounds isolated from the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nondumiso P. Dube
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, 175 Nelson Mandela Drive, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.D.); (D.K.)
| | - Xavier Siwe-Noundou
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa;
- Correspondence: (X.S.-N.); (V.J.T.); (A.-L.M.); Tel.: +27-(012)-382-6309 (A.-L.M.)
| | - Rui W. M. Krause
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa;
| | - Douglas Kemboi
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, 175 Nelson Mandela Drive, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.D.); (D.K.)
| | - Vuyelwa Jacqueline Tembu
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, 175 Nelson Mandela Drive, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.D.); (D.K.)
- Correspondence: (X.S.-N.); (V.J.T.); (A.-L.M.); Tel.: +27-(012)-382-6309 (A.-L.M.)
| | - Amanda-Lee Manicum
- Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, 175 Nelson Mandela Drive, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.D.); (D.K.)
- Correspondence: (X.S.-N.); (V.J.T.); (A.-L.M.); Tel.: +27-(012)-382-6309 (A.-L.M.)
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168
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Siddiqui S, Upadhyay S, Ahmad I, Hussain A, Ahamed M. Cytotoxicity of Moringa oleifera fruits on human liver cancer and molecular docking analysis of bioactive constituents against caspase-3 enzyme. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13720. [PMID: 33856706 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Moringa oleifera is an excellent source of phenolics and flavonoids comprise various pharmacological activities. The fourth widespread leading cause of the patients' death is liver cancer. This study was formulated to perform the antiproliferative activity of Moringa oleifera fruit (MOF) extract on human liver cancer HepG2 cells and computational validation of cell death. HepG2 cell line was treated with 25, 50, 75, 100, and 200 µg/ml of MOF extract for 48 hr, and antiproliferative activity was analyzed using MTT assay, nuclear condensation, annexin V-FITC/PI double stain, ROS generation, and apoptosis executioner enzyme caspase-3. MOF extract reduced the cell viability significantly (p ˂ .05) by increasing cellular apoptosis which was confirmed by annexin V-FITC/PI staining assay. In addition, MOF stimulated intracellular ROS production and subsequently induced caspase-3 activity depending upon dose. In silico analysis revealed the good binding interaction between amino acid residues of caspase-3 (PDB ID: 1GFW) protein and selected active constituents of MOF. PASS analyses of the phytoconstituents showed no violation of Lipinski's rule of five. Analysis of drug-likeness and toxicity measurement exhibited drug-like candidates with no predicted toxicity. In conclusion, this study showed the potential anticancer activity of MOF extract which may be valuable source for anticancer drug development. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Moringa oleifera fruit extract induced the anti-proliferative activity against human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells through ROS-mediated apoptosis and activation of caspase-3 enzyme. Structure-based virtual screening study between bioactive components of Moringa oleifera fruits and apoptosis executioner caspase-3 enzyme has validated the anti-proliferative activity of Moringa oleifera fruit extract. Interestingly, active phytoconstituents of Moringa oleifera fruit exhibited drug-like candidates with no predicted toxicity. Thus, Moringa oleifera fruit could be used as valuable source for anticancer drug development against human liver cancer with relatively non-toxic to healthy cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahabjada Siddiqui
- Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, India
| | - Shivbrat Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, India
| | - Imran Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Maqusood Ahamed
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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169
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Devi R S, Srinivas P, Thoppil JE. Evaluation of genoprotection against malathion induced toxicity by Orthosiphon thymiflorus Sleesen. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2021; 12:320-329. [PMID: 33781615 PMCID: PMC8185970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticide toxicity is considered to be one of the significant reason for increased incidence of cancer. Plants are treasure troves of active phytochemical compounds which are used as herbal medicine as well as nutraceuticals. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the genoprotective potential of Orthosiphon thymiflorus (Roth) Sleesen, (Lamiaceae) against the toxicity induced by malathion by a battery of four in vivo assays in Swiss albino mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Micronucleus assay was performed for analyzing the micronuclei induction and ratio of polychromatic and normochromatic erythrocytes (PCE/NCE). Anticlastogenic and mito depressive effect of the methanol and hexane extracts of O.thymiflorus were evaluated by chromosome aberration assay. Alkali comet assay was performed to assess double strand DNA repair. DNA damage sensing ability of the bone marrow cells were assessed by γ-H2AX foci formation. Phytochemical screening of hexane and methanol extract was done by GC-MS analysis. RESULT O. thymiflorus extracts showed a dose dependant protective effect in all assays. It significantly decreased the frequency of micronuclei and improved PCE/NCE value in post treated groups of animals. Malathion induced clastogenic aberrations were effectively attenuated by methanol and hexane extracts. DNA comet assay showed that malathion induced damage can be protected by O. thymiflorus extracts. Multiple foci formation in γ-H2AX assay confirmed the activation of DNA repair proteins in post treated animals. CONCLUSION Genoprotective effect of O. thymiflorus against malathion induced toxicity was confirmed. This study would be helpful to initiate more research including clinical using O. thymiflorus extract against pesticide induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Devi R
- Department of Botany, N.S.S College, Manjeri, Malappuram, Kerala, 676 122, India.
| | - Priya Srinivas
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvanthapuram, Kerala, 695 014, India
| | - John E Thoppil
- Cell and Molecular Biology Division, Dept of Botany, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala, 673635, India
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170
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Das G, Shin HS, Ningthoujam SS, Talukdar AD, Upadhyaya H, Tundis R, Das SK, Patra JK. Systematics, Phytochemistry, Biological Activities and Health Promoting Effects of the Plants from the Subfamily Bombacoideae (Family Malvaceae). PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10040651. [PMID: 33805546 PMCID: PMC8067233 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Plants belonging to the subfamily Bombacoideae (family Malvaceae) consist of about 304 species, many of them having high economical and medicinal properties. In the past, this plant group was put under Bombacaceae; however, modern molecular and phytochemical findings supported the group as a subfamily of Malvaceae. A detailed search on the number of publications related to the Bombacoideae subfamily was carried out in databases like PubMed and Science Direct using various keywords. Most of the plants in the group are perennial tall trees usually with swollen tree trunks, brightly colored flowers, and large branches. Various plant parts ranging from leaves to seeds to stems of several species are also used as food and fibers in many countries. Members of Bombacoides are used as ornamentals and economic utilities, various plants are used in traditional medication systems for their anti-inflammatory, astringent, stimulant, antipyretic, microbial, analgesic, and diuretic effects. Several phytochemicals, both polar and non-polar compounds, have been detected in this plant group supporting evidence of their medicinal and nutritional uses. The present review provides comprehensive taxonomic, ethno-pharmacological, economic, food and phytochemical properties of the subfamily Bombacoideae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitishree Das
- Research Institute of Biotechnology & Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi 10326, Korea;
| | - Han-Seung Shin
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi 10326, Korea;
| | - Sanjoy Singh Ningthoujam
- Department of Botany, Ghanapriya Women’s College, Dhanamanjuri University, Imphal 795001, India;
| | - Anupam Das Talukdar
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India;
| | | | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Swagat Kumar Das
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, Biju Patnaik University of Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751003, India;
| | - Jayanta Kumar Patra
- Research Institute of Biotechnology & Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi 10326, Korea;
- Correspondence:
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171
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Uddin S, Safdar LB, Iqbal J, Yaseen T, Laila S, Anwar S, Abbasi BA, Saif MS, Quraishi UM. Green synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles using leaf extract of Berberis balochistanica: Characterization, and diverse biological applications. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:2004-2016. [PMID: 33763916 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In current report, nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiONPs) were synthesized using leaf extract of Berberis balochistanica (BB) an endemic medicinal plant. The BB leaves extract act as a strong reducing, stabilizing, and capping agent in the synthesis of BB@NiONPs. Further, BB@NiONPs were characterized using Uv-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and average size was calculated ~21.7 nm). Multiple in vitro biological activities were performed to determine their therapeutic potentials. The BB@NiONPs showed strong antioxidant activities in term of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) with scavenging potential of 69.98 and 59.59% at 200 μg/ml, respectively. The antibacterial and antifungal testes were examined using different bacterial and fungal strains and dose-dependent inhibition response was reported. Laterally, cytotoxic and phytotoxic activities were studied using brine shrimp and radish seeds. The result determined potential cytotoxic activity with LD50 value (49.10 μg/ml) and outstanding stimulatory effect of BB@NiONPs on seed germination at lower concentrations as compared to control. Overall, result concluded that biosynthesis of NiONPs using leaf extracts of Berberis balochistanica is cheap, easy, and safe method and could be used in biomedical and agriculture field as nanomedicine and nano fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siraj Uddin
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Plant Breeding Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Luqman Bin Safdar
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Tabassum Yaseen
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sabiha Laila
- Department of Botany, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Anwar
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Banzeer Ahsan Abbasi
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saqib Saif
- Department of Biochemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Umar Masood Quraishi
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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172
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In Vitro Cytotoxic Evaluation and Apoptotic Effects of Datura innoxia Grown in Saudi Arabia and Phytochemical Analysis. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11062864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Datura innoxia is an important species of Solanaceae family with several purposes in folk medicine. This study intends to explore the cytotoxic effect of D. innoxia on various cancer cell proliferation. D. innoxia ethanolic extract’s effect on the progression of the cell cycle and the induction of apoptosis were investigated by flow cytometry. Further, real-time PCR was employed to confirm apoptosis initiation. In addition, active phytochemicals of D. innoxia was identified by gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The cell viability study revealed that the ethanolic extract of D. innoxia demonstrated potent cytotoxicity, with an IC50 value of 10 μg/mL against LoVo colon cancer cells. Cell cycle staining with propidium iodide revealed that D. innoxia treatment leads to cell accumulation in the sub-G1 phase. Using the Annexin V-FITC/PI assay, the ethanolic extract was found to cause a dose-dependent increase in early and late apoptosis when compared to control cells. Apoptosis as the mode of cell death was also confirmed by the increased expression of p53, bax and caspase-8, -9, and -3 along with downregulation of Bcl-2. GC-MS analysis displayed that 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (16.53%), heneicosyl formate (14.14%), 2,3-dimethyl-3-pentanol (12.89%), 2-hydroxy-4-methyl pentanoic acid (5.19%) were the main phytoconstituents. These findings conclude that D. innoxia causes cell death through apoptosis, suggesting more attention should be paid to further exploration of the active components from D. innoxia responsible for the observed activities.
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Azizi A, Mumin NH, Shafqat N. Phytochemicals With Anti 5-alpha-reductase Activity: A Prospective For Prostate Cancer Treatment. F1000Res 2021; 10:221. [PMID: 34316358 PMCID: PMC8276191 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.51066.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (CaP) is one of the leading causes of death in men worldwide. Much attention has been given on its prevention and treatment strategies, including targeting the regulation of 5-alpha-Reductase (5αR) enzyme activity, aimed to limit the progression of CaP by inhibiting the conversion of potent androgen dihydrotestosterone from testosterone that is thought to play a role in pathogenesis of CaP, by using the 5-alpha-Reductase inhibitors (5αRis) such as finasteride and dutasteride. However, 5αRis are reported to exhibit numerous adverse side effects, for instance erectile dysfunction, ejaculatory dysfunction and loss of libido. This has led to a surge of interest on plant-derived alternatives that might offer favourable side effects and less toxic profiles. Phytochemicals from plants are shown to exhibit numerous medicinal properties in various studies targeting many major illnesses including CaP. Therefore, in this review, we aim to discuss the use of phytochemicals namely phytosterols, polyphenols and fatty acids, found in various plants with proven anti-CaP properties, as an alternative herbal CaP medicines as well as to outline their inhibitory activities on 5αRs isozymes based on their structural similarities with current 5αRis as part of CaP treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziemah Azizi
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei
| | - Nuramalina H Mumin
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei
| | - Naeem Shafqat
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei
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174
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Darmadi J, Batubara RR, Himawan S, Azizah NN, Audah HK, Arsianti A, Kurniawaty E, Ismail IS, Batubara I, Audah KA. Evaluation of Indonesian mangrove Xylocarpus granatum leaves ethyl acetate extract as potential anticancer drug. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6080. [PMID: 33727582 PMCID: PMC7971038 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85383-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Local Xylocarpus granatum leaves were extracted by ethyl acetate solvent and characterized by TLC fingerprinting and 2D 1H NMR spectroscopy to contain phenolic compounds as well as several organic and amino acids as metabolic byproducts, such as succinic acid and acetic acid. Traces of flavonoids and other non-categorized phenolic compounds exhibited intermediate antioxidant activity (antioxidant IC50 84.93 ppm) as well as anticancer activity against HeLa, T47D, and HT-29 cell lines; which the latter being most effective against HT-29 with Fraction 5 contained the strongest activity (anticancer IC50 23.12 ppm). Extracts also behaved as a natural growth factor and nonlethal towards brine shrimps as well as human adipose-derived stem cell hADSC due to antioxidative properties. A stability test was performed to examine how storage conditions factored in bioactivity and phytochemical structure. Extracts were compared with several studies about X. granatum leaves extracts to evaluate how ethnogeography and ecosystem factored on biologically active compounds. Further research on anticancer or antioxidant mechanism on cancer cells is needed to determine whether the extract is suitable as a candidate for an anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Darmadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Swiss German University, 15143, Tangerang, Indonesia
| | | | - Sandiego Himawan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Swiss German University, 15143, Tangerang, Indonesia
| | - Norma Nur Azizah
- Drug Development Research Center, IMERI, University of Indonesia, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Ade Arsianti
- Drug Development Research Center, IMERI, University of Indonesia, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Indonesia, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Evi Kurniawaty
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Lampung, 35145, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia
| | | | - Irmanida Batubara
- Biopharmaca Tropica Research Center, IPB University, 16680, Bogor, Indonesia
- Department of Chemistry, IPB University, 16680, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Kholis Abdurachim Audah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Swiss German University, 15143, Tangerang, Indonesia.
- Directorate of Academic Research and Community Service, Swiss German University, 15143, Tangerang, Indonesia.
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Wang H, Chinnathambi A, Alahmadi TA, Alharbi SA, Veeraraghavan VP, Krishna Mohan S, Hussain S, Ramamoorthy K, Rengarajan T. Phyllanthin inhibits MOLT-4 leukemic cancer cell growth and induces apoptosis through the inhibition of AKT and JNK signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:1-10. [PMID: 33724660 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Among cancers, leukemia is a multistep progression that involves genetic modifications of normal hematopoietic progenitor cells to cancerous cells. In recent times, leukemia cases and their mortality rate have increased rapidly. Therefore, the immense need for a therapeutic approach is crucial that can control this type of cancer. Phyllanthin is a lignan compound constituent from the Phyllanthus species and has numerous beneficial effects as a dietary component. The present study aims to determine the impact of phyllanthin on the MOLT-4 cytotoxic effect. MOLT-4 cells and MS-5 cells were cultured at different concentrations of phyllanthin (5, 10, 25, 50, 75, and 100 μM/ml), and the viability was assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method. The level of reactive oxygen species, the membrane potential of mitochondria, apoptosis by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin-diacetate (DCF-DA), rhodamine, acridine orange (AO)/ethidium bromide (EB), 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)/propidium iodide (PI) staining, gene expression of signaling molecules, and protein levels were assessed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Phyllanthin did not show toxicity toward MS-5 cells and significantly decreased the cell viability of MOLT-4 cells with an IC50 value of 25 µM/ml. Also, phyllanthin induced the production of reactive oxygen species and led to the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. AO/EB and DAPI/PI staining fluorescent image confirmed the induction of apoptosis by phyllanthin treatment. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of cell cycle regulator cyclin D1, antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2, NF-κB, and TNF-α decreased, but the proapoptotic Bax mRNA expression was increased. The phosphorylated protein levels of p-PI3K1/2, p-ERK1/2, and p-AKT were decreased, whereas the levels of p-p38 and p-JNKT1/2 increased. Our results confirmed that phyllanthin inhibits the MOLT-4 cells, increases apoptosis, and inhibits MOLT-4 migration and cell invasion. Therefore, phyllanthin can be used as a potential target for leukemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani Awad Alahmadi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University [Medical City], King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh-, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Surapaneni Krishna Mohan
- Department of Biochemistry, Clinical Skills & Simulation and Research, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sardar Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, Government Science College, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
| | - Kavitha Ramamoorthy
- Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University PG Extension Centre, Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thamaraiselvan Rengarajan
- Scigen Research and Innovation Pvt. Ltd., Periyar Technology Business Incubator, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
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176
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Dombe S, Shirote P. Nanosponges Encapsulated Phytochemicals for Targeting Cancer: A Review. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:443-462. [PMID: 33045959 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121999201012201455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the most ruinous disease globally. Natural products have impressive characteristics, such as exceptional chemical versatility, chemical and biological properties of macromolecular specificity and less toxicity which make them good leads in finding novel drugs. The phytochemicals not only help to prevent but also treat chronic cancerous conditions. The present review attempts to put forth some selected anticancer phytochemicals that had reported omics characteristic and specifically suppressed cancer with in vitro and in vivo activity. Certain issues pertaining to anticancer phytochemicals like delivery to target site in the body and achieving controlled release in order to prevent overdoses have been a major concern for medical researchers worldwide. The most conventional chemotherapy protocols for the treatment of cancer lead to adverse effects that limit biological efficacy and compromise patient outcomes. In order to defeat incompetency of current and upcoming natural anticancer agents and to attain targeted drug delivery with good efficacy and fewer side effects, there is a special focus on novel nanostructured particles and nano approaches consisting of carrier system. Recent studies have led to the discovery of mesoporous and nanoporous drug delivery mechanisms, such as inorganic or organic-based nanosponges. The metal based inorganic systems have exhibited toxicity and non-biodegradable character in vivo. As a result of problems related to inorganic systems, major shift of research from inorganic to organic nanosystems has occurred. About decades ago, researchers developed organic nanosponges to control the limitation of drug delivery and cancer therapies. This review article discusses the development and application of nanosponges encapsulated phytochemicals for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailaja Dombe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Arvind Gavali College of Pharmacy, Satara, Shivaji University, Satara-415004, India
| | - Pramodkumar Shirote
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Arvind Gavali College of Pharmacy, Satara, Shivaji University, Satara- 415004, India
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Kasinathan K, Marimuthu K, Murugesan B, Samayanan S, Panchu SJ, Swart HC, Savariroyan SRI. Synthesis of biocompatible chitosan functionalized Ag decorated biocomposite for effective antibacterial and anticancer activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 178:270-282. [PMID: 33647336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) like MoS2 and WS2 are a new and interesting class of materials and show considerable promise for use in a wide variety of fields, including nanomedicine for cancer. The eco-friendly, biodegradability, toxicity, and antimicrobial activity remain an open issue. Herein, we focused on the current demands of two dimensional (2D) TMDCs and produced high-quality, few-layered MoS2 nanosheets. Noble metal Ag incorporated into the 2D-CS/MoS2 NC by the liquid exfoliated process. The manufactured CS/MoS2/Ag hybrid NC showed excellent antibacterial activity against two microorganisms such as Gram-positive (21, 27, and 33 mm) and Gram-negative bacteria (23, 30, and 39 mm). The CS/MoS2/Ag hybrid NC was designed to have significant antibacterial activity against E.coli bacteria than S.aureus. Furthermore, the hybrid NC has a 74.18% cell inhibition against MCF-7 cancer cells. According to the literature relevant, it is the first extensive experimental analysis on the nano-bio interaction of 2D TMDCs nanomaterials in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasirajan Kasinathan
- Thin Film and Nanoscience Research Lab, PG and Research Department of Physics, Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi 630 003, India
| | - Karunakaran Marimuthu
- Thin Film and Nanoscience Research Lab, PG and Research Department of Physics, Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi 630 003, India.
| | - Balaji Murugesan
- Advanced Green Chemistry Lab, Department of Industrial Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Selvam Samayanan
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Jung-Gu, Pil-Dong, Seoul 100715, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarojini Jeeva Panchu
- Department of Physics, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Hendrik C Swart
- Department of Physics, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
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Das T, Anand U, Pandey SK, Ashby CR, Assaraf YG, Chen ZS, Dey A. Therapeutic strategies to overcome taxane resistance in cancer. Drug Resist Updat 2021; 55:100754. [PMID: 33691261 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2021.100754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
One of the primary causes of attenuated or loss of efficacy of cancer chemotherapy is the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR). Numerous studies have been published regarding potential approaches to reverse resistance to taxanes, including paclitaxel (PTX) and docetaxel, which represent one of the most important classes of anticancer drugs. Since 1984, following the FDA approval of paclitaxel for the treatment of advanced ovarian carcinoma, taxanes have been extensively used as drugs that target tumor microtubules. Taxanes, have been shown to affect an array of oncogenic signaling pathways and have potent cytotoxic efficacy. However, the clinical success of these drugs has been restricted by the emergence of cancer cell resistance, primarily caused by the overexpression of MDR efflux transporters or by microtubule alterations. In vitro and in vivo studies indicate that the mechanisms underlying the resistance to PTX and docetaxel are primarily due to alterations in α-tubulin and β-tubulin. Moreover, resistance to PTX and docetaxel results from: 1) alterations in microtubule-protein interactions, including microtubule-associated protein 4, stathmin, centriole, cilia, spindle-associated protein, and kinesins; 2) alterations in the expression and activity of multidrug efflux transporters of the ABC superfamily including P-glycoprotein (P-gp/ABCB1); 3) overexpression of anti-apoptotic proteins or inhibition of apoptotic proteins and tumor-suppressor proteins, as well as 4) modulation of signal transduction pathways associated with the activity of several cytokines, chemokines and transcription factors. In this review, we discuss the abovementioned molecular mechanisms and their role in mediating cancer chemoresistance to PTX and docetaxel. We provide a detailed analysis of both in vitro and in vivo experimental data and describe the application of these findings to therapeutic practice. The current review also discusses the efficacy of different pharmacological modulations to achieve reversal of PTX resistance. The therapeutic roles of several novel compounds, as well as herbal formulations, are also discussed. Among them, many structural derivatives had efficacy against the MDR phenotype by either suppressing MDR or increasing the cytotoxic efficacy compared to the parental drugs, or both. Natural products functioning as MDR chemosensitizers offer novel treatment strategies in patients with chemoresistant cancers by attenuating MDR and increasing chemotherapy efficacy. We broadly discuss the roles of inhibitors of P-gp and other efflux pumps, in the reversal of PTX and docetaxel resistance in cancer cells and the significance of using a nanomedicine delivery system in this context. Thus, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms mediating the reversal of drug resistance, combined with drug efficacy and the application of target-based inhibition or specific drug delivery, could signal a new era in modern medicine that would limit the pathological consequences of MDR in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuyelee Das
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Swaroop Kumar Pandey
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Charles R Ashby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Yehuda G Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA.
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
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Zhang L, Meng S, Yan B, Chen J, Zhou L, Shan L, Wang Y. Anti-Proliferative, Pro-Apoptotic, Anti-Migrative and Tumor-Inhibitory Effects and Pleiotropic Mechanism of Theaflavin on B16F10 Melanoma Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:1291-1304. [PMID: 33658796 PMCID: PMC7920628 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s286350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Theaflavin (TF) is a primary pigment of tea, exhibiting anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic and anti-metastatic activities on cancer cell lines. However, it is unknown whether TF is effective in treating melanoma cells. Methods To determine the effects of TF on melanoma cells, we conducted in vitro assays of cell viability, DAPI staining, wound healing, transwell, and flow cytometry as well as in vivo experiments on B16F10-bearing mouse model. Real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blot (WB) were conducted to explore the molecular actions of TF. Results The cell viability assay showed that TF exerted inhibitory effect on B16F10 cells in a dose-dependent manner from 40 to 400 μg/mL, with IC50 values ranging from 223.8±7.1 to 103.7±7.0 μg/mL. Moreover, TF induced early and late apoptosis and inhibited migration/invasion of B16F10 cells in a dose-dependent manner, indicating its pro-apoptotic and anti-migrative effects. In vivo, TF significantly inhibited B16F10 tumor size in mice model from 40 to 120 mg/kg, which exerted higher effect than that of cisplatin. The molecular data showed that TF significantly up-regulated the mRNA expressions of pro-apoptotic genes (Bax, Casp3, Casp8, c-fos, c-Jun, and c-Myc), up-regulated the protein expressions of apoptosis-related p53 and JNK signaling molecules (ASK1, phosphorylated Chk1/2, cleaved caspase 3, phosphorylated JNK, c-JUN, cleaved PARP, and phosphorylated p53), and down-regulated the protein expressions of proliferation-related MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling molecules (phosphorylated MEK1/2, phosphorylated ERK1/2, phosphorylated PI3K, and phosphorylated AKT) as well as the expressions of MMP2 and MMP9. Conclusion It can be concluded that TB exhibited anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-migrative, and tumor-inhibitory effects on melanoma cells through pleiotropic actions on the above pathways. This study provides new evidence of anti-melanoma efficacy and mechanism of TF, contributing to the development of TF-derived natural products for melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijie Meng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Letian Shan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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180
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Zahra SA, Iqbal J, Abbasi BA, Yaseen T, Hameed A, Shahbaz A, Kanwal S, Mahmood T, Ahmad P. Scanning electron microscopy of Sophora alopecuroides L. seeds and their cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibition potentials. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:1809-1820. [PMID: 33600024 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sophora alopecuroides L. is a highly medicinal plant. The aim of the current study was to determine the phytochemical screening, pharmacological potentials and application of scanning electron microscope (SEM) of S. alopecuroides (SA) seeds. To achieve this purpose, six different solvents were used to prepare SA seed extracts. Phytochemical and antioxidant activities were determined calorimetrically. To investigate the antidiabetic activity, α-amylase inhibition assay was determined. Brine shrimp assay was used to determine cytotoxicity potential. Anti-leishmanial potential was confirmed using MTT assay. Disc-diffusion method was used to detect protein kinase inhibitory, antibacterial and antifungal activities and showed significant results. SEM analysis was used as an identification tool. Considerable amount of phenolic and flavonoid contents were identified in methanol extract (SASM) (93.76 ± 2.71 GAE/mg) and (77 ± 3.60 QE/mg). Highest DPPH scavenging potential (82%) was reported for SASM. Significant total antioxidant capacity (90.60 ± 1.55 alpha amylase enzyme [AAE]/mg) and total reducing power (94.44 ± 1.38 AAE/mg) were determined for LOSM. Highest α-amylase inhibition was reported in SASM (78.20 ± 1.58%). Highest LD50 of brine shrimp was found for n-hexane extract (SASH) 13.03 μg/ml. All extracts showed strong anti-leishmanial activity except SASH. The seeds of SA were seen to be oblong to obovate, projections, wavy slightly straight, anticlinal wall was raised with apex acuminate. In conclusion, our experimental findings highly support the ethnomedicinal and biological potentials of the SA seeds. Moreover, SA seeds need to be explored for identification and isolation of bioactive compounds. In future, we recommend further in vivo toxicity assays and clinical efficacies to further evaluate its different biomedical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Anber Zahra
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | | | - Tabassum Yaseen
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Hameed
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amir Shahbaz
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Kanwal
- Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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181
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Cetin EO, Salmanoglu DS, Ozden I, Ors-Kumoglu G, Akar S, Demirozer M, Karabey F, Kilic KD, Kirilmaz L, Uyanikgil Y, Sevimli-Gur C. Preparation of Ethanol Extract of Propolis Loaded Niosome Formulation and Evaluation of Effects on Different Cancer Cell Lines. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:265-277. [PMID: 33590797 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1876889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Propolis is a candidate for cancer treatment with its activity against different tumor cells and, has a wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities due to the diversity of its components. In this study, antitumorigenic activities of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) and ethanol extract of propolis loaded niosome (PLN) were compared using 2D and 3D cell culture. Niosome formulations were prepared by thin film hydration technique. Cell viability of EEP and PLN was analyzed on MCF7, A549, MDA-MB-231, SK-MEL, SK-BR-3, DU145 and L-929 cell lines using MTT assay. L929, MCF7 and A549 cells were cultured using the 3D petri dish technique and their spherical forms were obtained after 142 h. After 24 h, PLN and EEP application, cell viability analysis was performed on 3D cultures with WST assay. As a result, niosome formulations containing EEP showed higher activity than ethanol extract of propolis in cancer cells. While a slow decrease was observed in cell viability in EEP treated cancer cells, it was observed that the percentage viability rates decreased in a shorter time in PLN treated cancer cells. Also, PLN can be used as an anticancer activity drug such as Doxorubicin, but this is not the case for EEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Oyku Cetin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Derya Selcen Salmanoglu
- Department of Biomedical Technologies, Graduate Faculty of Natural and Applied Science, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Ozden
- Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Gizem Ors-Kumoglu
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sibel Akar
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate Faculty of Natural and Applied Science, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Melis Demirozer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Fatih Karabey
- Parkim Group Perfectionist Solutions by Creative Minds R&D Center, Informatics Valley, Dilovası Gebze/Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Kubilay Dogan Kilic
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Levent Kirilmaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Yigit Uyanikgil
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Canan Sevimli-Gur
- Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.,Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
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Garcia-Oliveira P, Otero P, Pereira AG, Chamorro F, Carpena M, Echave J, Fraga-Corral M, Simal-Gandara J, Prieto MA. Status and Challenges of Plant-Anticancer Compounds in Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14020157. [PMID: 33673021 PMCID: PMC7918405 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in the world, which has been estimated to cause 9.9 million deaths in 2020. Conventional treatments for cancer commonly involve mono-chemotherapy or a combination of radiotherapy and mono-chemotherapy. However, the negative side effects of these approaches have been extensively reported and have prompted the search of new therapeutic drugs. In this context, scientific community started to look for innovative sources of anticancer compounds in natural sources, including traditional plants. Currently, numerous studies have evaluated the anticancer properties of natural compounds derived from plants, both in vitro and in vivo. In pre-clinical stages, some promising compounds could be mentioned, such as the sulforaphane or different phenolic compounds. On the other hand, some phytochemicals obtained positive results in clinical stages and were further approved for cancer treatment, such as vinca alkaloids or the paclitaxel. Nevertheless, these compounds are not exempt of limitations, such as low solubility, restricted effect on their own, negative side-effects, etc. This review aims to compile the information about the current phytochemicals used for cancer treatment and also promising candidates, main action mechanisms and also reported limitations. In this sense, some strategies to face the limitations have been considered, such as nano-based formulations to improve solubility or chemical modification to reduce toxicity. In conclusion, although more research is still necessary to develop more efficient and safe phytochemical drugs, more of these compounds might be used in future cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Garcia-Oliveira
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (P.G.-O.); (P.O.); (A.G.P.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.); (M.F.-C.)
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Campus de Santa Apolonia, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Paz Otero
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (P.G.-O.); (P.O.); (A.G.P.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.); (M.F.-C.)
| | - Antia Gonzalez Pereira
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (P.G.-O.); (P.O.); (A.G.P.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.); (M.F.-C.)
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Campus de Santa Apolonia, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Franklin Chamorro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (P.G.-O.); (P.O.); (A.G.P.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.); (M.F.-C.)
| | - Maria Carpena
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (P.G.-O.); (P.O.); (A.G.P.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.); (M.F.-C.)
| | - Javier Echave
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (P.G.-O.); (P.O.); (A.G.P.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.); (M.F.-C.)
| | - Maria Fraga-Corral
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (P.G.-O.); (P.O.); (A.G.P.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.); (M.F.-C.)
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Campus de Santa Apolonia, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (P.G.-O.); (P.O.); (A.G.P.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.); (M.F.-C.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.-G.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Miguel Angel Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (P.G.-O.); (P.O.); (A.G.P.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.); (M.F.-C.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.-G.); (M.A.P.)
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Abdelhameed RFA, Habib ES, Ibrahim AK, Yamada K, Abdel-Kader MS, Ahmed SA, Ibrahim AK, Badr JM, Nafie MS. Chemical Constituent Profiling of Phyllostachys heterocycla var. Pubescens with Selective Cytotoxic Polar Fraction through EGFR Inhibition in HepG2 Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:940. [PMID: 33578916 PMCID: PMC7916669 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Different extracts of the Bamboo shoot skin Phyllostachys heterocycla var. pubescens were screened against panel of cancer cell lines and normal one. The cell viability results exhibited that the ethyl acetate extract showed the least vitality percentage of 2.14% of HepG2 cells. Accordingly, it was subjected to chromatographic separation, which resulted in the isolation of a new natural product; 7-hydroxy, 5-methoxy, methyl cinnamate (1), together with four known compounds. The structures of the pure isolated compounds were deduced based on different spectroscopic data. The new compound (1) was screened against the HepG2 and MCF-7 cells and showed IC50 values of 7.43 and 10.65 µM, respectively. It induced apoptotic cell death in HepG2 with total apoptotic cell death of 58.6% (12.44-fold) compared to 4.71% in control by arresting cell cycle progression at the G1 phase. Finally, compound 1 was validated as EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor in both enzymatic levels (IC50 = 98.65 nM compared to Erlotinib (IC50 = 78.65 nM). Finally, in silico studies of compound 1 through the molecular docking indicated its high binding affinity towards EGFR protein and the ADME pharmacokinetics indicated it as a drug-like.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda F. A. Abdelhameed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (R.F.A.A.); (E.S.H.); (A.K.I.); (S.A.A.); (A.K.I.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Eman S. Habib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (R.F.A.A.); (E.S.H.); (A.K.I.); (S.A.A.); (A.K.I.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Ahmed K. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (R.F.A.A.); (E.S.H.); (A.K.I.); (S.A.A.); (A.K.I.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Koji Yamada
- Garden for Medicinal Plants, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki 852–8521, Japan;
| | - Maged S. Abdel-Kader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safwat A. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (R.F.A.A.); (E.S.H.); (A.K.I.); (S.A.A.); (A.K.I.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Amany K. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (R.F.A.A.); (E.S.H.); (A.K.I.); (S.A.A.); (A.K.I.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Jihan M. Badr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (R.F.A.A.); (E.S.H.); (A.K.I.); (S.A.A.); (A.K.I.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
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184
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Papakosta K, Grafakou ME, Barda C, Kostopoulos IV, Tsitsilonis O, Skaltsa H. Cytotoxicity and Anti-cancer Activity of the Genus Achillea L. Curr Med Chem 2021; 27:6910-6925. [PMID: 32368970 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200505092514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genus Achillea L. is rich in bioactive sesquiterpenes and flavonoids; most of the studied species exhibit several biological activities and are used as emmenagogue, wound healing and analgesic agents. Some species are also used in local folklore medicine. OBJECTIVE Following a literature survey, we discuss the anti-cancer properties of Achillea species, taking into consideration ethnopharmacological data on their use in traditional medicine for the treatment of cancer. In addition, we screened extracts and isolated secondary metabolites from A. coarctata for cytotoxicity, upon information based on local traditional medicine. The plant was collected in Kozani (Northern Greece), where it is locally used for treating gastrointestinal disorders, including stomach cancer. METHODS A selection of the relevant data was performed through a search in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Science Direct databases. In addition, extracts and isolated compounds from A. coarctata were tested for their in vitro activity against the human cancer cell lines MCF-7 and HeLa. CONCLUSION The genus Achillea L. is a valuable source of bioactive secondary metabolites. The most significant outcome of the investigation of medicinal plants is the documentation and the assessment of the traditional information and its use and perspectives in the light of modern pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Papakosta
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria-Eleni Grafakou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Barda
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis V Kostopoulos
- Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Ourania Tsitsilonis
- Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Helen Skaltsa
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
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185
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Chandraker SK, Lal M, Dhruve P, Singh RP, Shukla R. Cytotoxic, Antimitotic, DNA Binding, Photocatalytic, H 2O 2 Sensing, and Antioxidant Properties of Biofabricated Silver Nanoparticles Using Leaf Extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 7:593040. [PMID: 33585553 PMCID: PMC7876318 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.593040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bryophyllum pinnatum is a perennial herb traditionally used in ethnomedicine. In the present report, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using B. pinnatum leaf extract. BP-AgNPs were confirmed following UV-Vis spectroscopy with SPR peak at 412 nm and further characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, and TEM. Microscopic images confirmed the spherical shape and ~15 nm average size of nanostructures. BP-AgNPs were evaluated for photocatalytic degradation of hazardous dyes (methylene blue and Rhodamine-B) and showed their complete reduction within 100 and 110 min., respectively. BP-AgNPs have emerged as a unique SPR-based novel sensor for the detection of H2O2, which may deliver exciting prospects in clinical and industrial areas. DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activity were studied with respective IC50 values of 89 and 259 μg/mL. A strong intercalating interaction of CT-DNA with BP-AgNPs was investigated. Observed chromosomal abnormalities confirm the antimitotic potential of BP-AgNPs in the meristematic root tip. The cytotoxicity of BP-AgNPs against B16F10 (melanoma cell line) and A431 (squamous cell carcinoma cell line), was assessed with respective IC50 values of 59.5 and 96.61 μg/ml after 24 h of treatment. The presented green synthetic approach provides a novel and new door for environmental, industrial, and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Kumar Chandraker
- Laboratory of Bio-Resource Technology, Department of Botany, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, India
| | - Mishri Lal
- Laboratory of Bio-Resource Technology, Department of Botany, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, India
| | - Preeti Dhruve
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Rana P. Singh
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravindra Shukla
- Laboratory of Bio-Resource Technology, Department of Botany, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, India
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186
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Gupta J, Ahuja A, Gupta R. Green Approaches for Cancer Management: an Effective Tool for Health Care. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:101-114. [PMID: 33463475 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210119091826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is one of the leading causes of an increasing number of death incidences in modern society. As the population increases, there is increased thrust for screening newer anticancer (phytoconstituents) agents to manage cancers. Around 35000 herbal phytoconstituents are obtained from plants, animals and marine sources to create awareness of green therapy in managing, reducing, minimizing side effects of modern chemotherapeutics and radiation therapy. The herbal plants are the richest sources of natural remedies and bioactive compounds that promote medicines' alternative systems as a green approach for managing various cancers. The terpenoids, saponins, volatile oils, and flavonoid phytoconstituents are most efficiently used to manage cancer with minimal side effects. OBJECTIVE The objectives of the present study are to investigate the efficacious, potent and safe use of herbal phytoconstituents extracts in the management of cancers and study their mechanism of action through alteration of transcription proteins, blocking G-2/M phase, distortion of tubulin structure, generation of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, cell cycle arrest, anti-proliferation induced cell apoptosis for target specific cancer treatment. The information was collected from databases such as ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, Academia, MedLine, and WoS. METHODS The Literature was surveyed and screened keywords like cancer therapeutics, metastasis, proliferation, cell apoptosis, cell lines, phytoconstituents for cancer management, and related disorders. RESULTS The findings suggested that the crude extracts act as an antioxidant, free radical scavenger, or anti-aging agent exploited in the management of cancers along with treatment of other infectious diseases like ulcers, gout, liver diseases, respiratory tract infection, renal disorders, blood disorders, CVD, anti-inflammatory and several wound infections. CONCLUSION The phytoactive moieties having herbal extracts help improve the compromised immunity status of affected patients and provide measures for scientific studies of newer anticancer agents in herbal industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura-281406, Uttar Pradesh. India
| | - Ashima Ahuja
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura-281406, Uttar Pradesh. India
| | - Reena Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura-281406, Uttar Pradesh. India
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187
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Islam MS, Rahi MS, Jahangir CA, Jerin I, Hasan MM, Hoque KMF, Reza MA. Deciphering the molecular pathways of apoptosis using purified fractions from leaf extract of Basella alba through studying the regulation of apoptosis related genes. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:85-96. [PMID: 33454909 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06136-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis plays a pivotal role in the exclusion of abnormal cells without any ruin of surrounding healthy cells. Generally, it occurs through an orderly and autonomously process which is controlled by proper function of various genes. Therefore, the current experiments detect the expression level/pattern of those genes to confirm the involvement of extrinsic and intrinsic pathway using Basella alba leaf (BAL). Several fractions after gel filtration chromatography of BAL extract have been pooled to evaluates its apoptosis induction potentiality on Ehrlich's Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cells through conducting a number of bio-assays such as cell growth inhibition assay, fluorescence and optical microscopy, DNA fragmentation assay and gene expression analysis etc. The pooled fractions of BAL showed 12-56% inhibitory effect on EAC cell line at the concentration range of 25-400 μg/ml that was determined by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. They also exhibited excellent cell growth inhibition at in vivo and in vitro condition when treated with 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg day. After administration of six consequent days, significant morphological features of apoptosis were observed in EAC cells under both fluorescence and optical microscope which was further supported by DNA fragmentation assay. The polymerase chain reaction amplification of bax, bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2), p53, tumor necrosis factor-α, Fas, NF-kβ (Nuclear factor-Kappa-B), PARP-1 (Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase), Cyt-c cas-8, cas-9 and cas-3 revealed that the experimental sample able to induce apoptosis in both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways through altering the gene expression. The current findings suggest that sample from BAL occupy wonderful competence to induce cell apoptosis and become an ideal resource for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shihabul Islam
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sifat Rahi
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Chowdhury Arif Jahangir
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Israt Jerin
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahmudul Hasan
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Md Faisal Hoque
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Reza
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
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188
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Zahra SA, Iqbal J, Abbasi BA, Shahbaz A, Kanwal S, Shah SL, Ahmad P, Mahmood T. Antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antioxidants, enzyme inhibition activities, and scanning electron microscopy of Lactuca orientalis (Boiss.) Boiss. seeds. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:1284-1295. [PMID: 33400331 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lactuca orientalis (Boiss.) Boiss. is one of the most frequently used ethnomedicinal plant. This research study was designed to decipher the phytochemical screening, pharmacological potential and implementation of scanning electron microscope (SEM). Six different solvents were used to prepare L. orientalis (LO) seed extracts. Phytochemical and antioxidant activities were determined calorimetrically. To investigate antidiabetic, α-amylase inhibition assay was performed. Brine shrimp assay was performed for cytotoxicity and anti-leishmanial via MTT assay. Disc-diffusion assay was performed to detect protein kinase inhibitory, antibacterial and antifungal activities. SEM was used as identification tool. Significant amount of phenolic and flavonoid content were identified in methanol extract (LOSM) (95.76 ± 3.71 GAE/mg) and (77 ± 3.60 QE/mg). Highest DPPH scavenging potential (82%) was reported for LOSM. Significant total antioxidant capacity (90.60 ± 1.55 AAE/mg) and total reducing power (94.44 ± 1.38 AAE/mg) were determined for LOSM. Highest α-amylase inhibition was found in LOSM (78.20 ± 1.58%). The highest LD50 of brine shrimp was found for n-Hexane extract (LOSH) 13.03 𝜇g/ml. All extracts showed strong anti-leishmanial activity except LOSH. L. orientalis seeds showed significant protein kinase inhibition, antibacterial and antifungal activities. The seeds of L. orientalis were seen to be oblong to obovate, projections, wavy slightly straight, anticlinal wall was raised with apex acuminate. The outer-periclinal wall convex with fine texture. In conclusion, our findings scientifically support ethnomedicinal and biological potentials of L. orientalis seeds. In future, L. orientalis seeds need to be explored for identification and isolation of bioactive compounds. The results obtained necessitate further in vivo studies to evaluate their pharmacological potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Anber Zahra
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | | | - Amir Shahbaz
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Kanwal
- Department of Zoology, Rawalpindi Women University, 6th Road, Satellite Town Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Lal Shah
- Pakistan Museum of Natural History, Pakistan Science Foundation, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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189
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Hussein BY, Mohammed AM. Biosynthesis and characterization of nickel oxide nanoparticles by using aqueous grape extract and evaluation of their biological applications. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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190
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Proboningrat A, Fadholly A, Agus Sudjarwo S, Abdul Rantam F, Budianto Achmad A. The cytotoxic activity of pine needles ethanolic extract of Pinus merkusii on HeLa cell lines. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20213303001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Several efforts have been made to discover new anticancer agents based on natural ingredients. Meanwhile, previous studies have shown that different Pine genus species exhibit cytotoxic activity against various types of cancer cells. This plant is rich in phenolic compounds, especially procyanidins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the in vitro cytotoxicity of Pinus merkusii needles extract on HeLa cancer cell lines. The cytotoxicity assessment was measured using MTT assay and expressed as IC50 value. The results showed that the ethanolic extract poses a dose and time-dependent cytotoxic activity with an IC50 value of 542.5 µg/ml at 48 hours of incubation. Based on this result, Pinus merkusii needles’ ethanolic extract has the potential of a novel candidate for an anticancer agent.
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191
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Abbasi BA, Iqbal J, Khan Z, Ahmad R, Uddin S, Shahbaz A, Zahra SA, Shaukat M, Kiran F, Kanwal S, Mahmood T. Phytofabrication of cobalt oxide nanoparticles from Rhamnus virgata leaves extract and investigation of different bioactivities. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 84:192-201. [PMID: 33332709 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The tunable cobalt oxide nanoparticles (CoONPs) are produced due to the phytochemicals present in Rhamnus virgata (RhV) leaf extract which functions as reducing and stabilization agents. The synthesis of CoONPs was confirmed using different analytical techniques: UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamics light scatterings (DLS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray, and Raman spectroscopy analyses. Furthermore, multiple biological activities were performed. Significant antifungal and antibacterial potentials have been reported. The in vitro cytotoxic assays of CoONPs revealed strong anticancer activity against human hepatoma HUH-7 (IC50 : 33.25 μg/ml) and hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 (IC50 : 11.62 μg/ml) cancer cells. Dose-dependent cytotoxicity potency was confirmed against Leishmania tropica (KMH23 ); amastigotes (IC50 : 58.63 μg/ml) and promastigotes (IC50 : 32.64 μg/ml). The biocompatibility assay using red blood cells (RBCs; IC50 : 4,636 μg/ml) has confirmed the bio-safe nature of CoONPs. On the whole, results revealed nontoxic nature of RhV-CoONPs with promising biological potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banzeer Ahsan Abbasi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zaibunisa Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Ahmad
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Siraj Uddin
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amir Shahbaz
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Anber Zahra
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muzzafar Shaukat
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Farmeen Kiran
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Kanwal
- Department of Zoology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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192
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Hussain A, Bourguet-Kondracki ML, Hussain F, Rauf A, Ibrahim M, Khalid M, Hussain H, Hussain J, Ali I, Khalil AA, Alhumaydhi FA, Khan M, Hussain R, Rengasamy KRR. The potential role of dietary plant ingredients against mammary cancer: a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:2580-2605. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1855413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
- Laboratoire Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, UMR 7245 MNHN-CNRS, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Marie-Lise Bourguet-Kondracki
- Laboratoire Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, UMR 7245 MNHN-CNRS, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Farhad Hussain
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, Khyber Pukhtanuk (KP), Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Department of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Hidayat Hussain
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Salle), Germany
| | - Javid Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences & Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan
| | - Anees Ahmed Khalil
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Kannan R. R. Rengasamy
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Faculty of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Indigenous Knowledge Systems Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
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193
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Koel M, Kuhtinskaja M, Vaher M. Extraction of bioactive compounds from Catharanthus roseus and Vinca minor. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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194
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Anantachoke N, Lovacharaporn D, Reutrakul V, Michel S, Gaslonde T, Piyachaturawat P, Suksen K, Prabpai S, Nuntasaen N. Cytotoxic compounds from the leaves and stems of the endemic Thai plant Mitrephora sirikitiae. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:490-497. [PMID: 32478640 PMCID: PMC7336994 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1765813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Context: Mitrephora sirikitiae Weeras., Chalermglin & R.M.K. Saunders (Annonaceae) is a plant endemic to Thailand. Its constituents and their biological activities are unknown.Objective: Isolation and identification of the compounds in the leaves and stems of M. sirikitiae and determination of their cytotoxicity.Materials and methods: Methanol extracts of the leaves and stems of M. sirikitiae were separated by chromatography, and spectroscopic methods were used to determine the structures of the components. The cytotoxicity of the extracts and pure compounds was evaluated using the sulforhodamine B assay with several cell lines. The cells were treated with the compounds at concentrations of 0.16-20 µg/mL for 48 or 72 h.Results: The investigation of the extracts of M. sirikitiae leaves and stems resulted in the isolation of a new lignan, mitrephoran, and 15 known compounds. Among these compounds, 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane, ciliaric acid, 6-methoxymarcanine A, and stepharanine were isolated from this genus for the first time. The alkaloids liriodenine and oxoputerine exhibited strong cytotoxicity against all tested cells (IC50 values of 6.59-11.02 µM). In contrast, magnone A, 3',4-O-dimethylcedrusin, and 6-methoxymarcanine A inhibited the growth of some of the tested cells (IC50 values of 2.03-19.73 µM). Magnone A and 6-methoxymarcanine A showed low toxicity for Hek 293 cells (IC50 >20 µM).Discussion and conclusions: M. sirikitiae is a source of cytotoxic lignans and alkaloids. Among the cytotoxic compounds, magnone A and 6-methoxymarcanine A are potentially useful lead compounds for the further development of anticancer agents because of their selective inhibitory effects on cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natthinee Anantachoke
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- CONTACT Natthinee Anantachoke Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok10400, Thailand
| | | | - Vichai Reutrakul
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sylvie Michel
- Produits Naturels, Analyse et Synthèse, UMR CNRS 8038 CITCOM, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes-Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Gaslonde
- Produits Naturels, Analyse et Synthèse, UMR CNRS 8038 CITCOM, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes-Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Kanoknetr Suksen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Samran Prabpai
- CP FOODLAB Co., Ltd, Science Park, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Narong Nuntasaen
- Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, The Forest Herbarium, Bangkok, Thailand
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195
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Natural Phenolic Acid, Product of the Honey Bee, for the Control of Oxidative Stress, Peritoneal Angiogenesis, and Tumor Growth in Mice. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235583. [PMID: 33261130 PMCID: PMC7730286 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are key regulators of the link between inflammation and cancer, and the interplay between TAM and tumor cells represents a promising target of future therapeutic approaches. We investigated the effect of gallic acid (GA) and caffeic acid (CA) as strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents on tumor growth, angiogenesis, macrophage polarization, and oxidative stress on the angiogenic model caused by the intraperitoneal (ip) inoculation of Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) cells (2.5 × 106) in Swiss albino mouse. Treatment with GA or CA at a dose of 40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg ip was started in exponential tumor growth phase on days 5, 7, 9, and 11. On day 13, the ascites volume and the total number and differential count of the cells present in the peritoneal cavity, the functional activity of macrophages, and the antioxidant and anti-angiogenic parameters were determined. The results show that phenolic acids inhibit the processes of angiogenesis and tumor growth, leading to the increased survival of EAT-bearing mice, through the protection of the tumoricidal efficacy of M1 macrophages and inhibition of proangiogenic factors, particularly VEGF, metalloproteinases -2 and -9, and cyclooxygenase-2 activity.
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196
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Bhumireddy A, Nellore K, Alapati KS. Anticancer activity of Neptunia oleracea methanolic extracts. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:1053-1057. [PMID: 33213226 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1844693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Neptunia oleracea Lour (water mimosa) is an edible medicinal plant used in treating various diseases. According to Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases, Neptunia oleracea Lour is used in curing earaches, dysentery, syphilis, and tumour. The present study was aimed at demonstrating the anticancer activity of the Neptunia oleracea Lour methanolic extract. The methanolic extract was isolated and its anti-proliferative activity was studied on haematological cancer cell lines. The activity of the extract was further evaluated using cell cycle analysis and apoptosis assays. In addition to this, effect of the extract on c-Myc and PErk1/2 modulation was also evaluated. Neptunia oleracea Lour extract induced cell death in cancer cells while sparing normal cells. An increase in cleaved PARP and reduction in BCL-2 levels observed upon treatment. Neptunia oleracea causes reduction in c-Myc levels and pERK1/2 protein levels. Thus, our work highlights the methanolic extract of Neptunia oleracea Lour as a promising anti-cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Bhumireddy
- Phase II Electronic City, Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, India
| | - Kavitha Nellore
- Phase II Electronic City, Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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197
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Senkoro AM, Talhinhas P, Simões F, Batista-Santos P, Shackleton CM, Voeks RA, Marques I, Ribeiro-Barros AI. The genetic legacy of fragmentation and overexploitation in the threatened medicinal African pepper-bark tree, Warburgia salutaris. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19725. [PMID: 33184322 PMCID: PMC7661512 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76654-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The pepper-bark tree (Warburgia salutaris) is one of the most highly valued medicinal plant species worldwide. Native to southern Africa, this species has been extensively harvested for the bark, which is widely used in traditional health practices. Illegal harvesting coupled with habitat degradation has contributed to fragmentation of populations and a severe decline in its distribution. Even though the species is included in the IUCN Red List as Endangered, genetic data that would help conservation efforts and future re-introductions are absent. We therefore developed new molecular markers to understand patterns of genetic diversity, structure, and gene flow of W. salutaris in one of its most important areas of occurrence (Mozambique). In this study, we have shown that, despite fragmentation and overexploitation, this species maintains a relatively high level of genetic diversity supporting the existence of random mating. Two genetic groups were found corresponding to the northern and southern locations. Our study suggests that, if local extinctions occurred in Mozambique, the pepper-bark tree persisted in sufficient numbers to retain a large proportion of genetic diversity. Management plans should concentrate on maintaining this high level of genetic variability through both in and ex-situ conservation actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annae M Senkoro
- Department of Environmental Science, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa.,Departmento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane CP 257, Maputo, Moçambique
| | - Pedro Talhinhas
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Simões
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária E Veterinária, Av. da República, Quinta Marquês, Edificio Sede, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Paula Batista-Santos
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Charlie M Shackleton
- Department of Environmental Science, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa
| | - Robert A Voeks
- Department of Geography and the Environment, California State University, 800 N State College Blvd, FullertonFullerton, CA, 92831, USA
| | - Isabel Marques
- Forest Research Centre (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Ana I Ribeiro-Barros
- Forest Research Centre (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal.
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198
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Fan R, Peng C, Zhang X, Qiu D, Mao G, Lu Y, Zeng J. A comparative UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS untargeted metabolomics investigation of different parts of Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:5811-5822. [PMID: 33282233 PMCID: PMC7684609 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the non-targeted large-scale plant metabolomics (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS) was performed for the comparison of chemical profiling of the leaves, barks, flowers, peels, pulps, and seeds of Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels (called "wampee"). A total of 364 metabolites were identified, and 62 potential biomarkers were selected by the multivariate statistical analysis. Hierarchical cluster analysis suggested that the selected biomarkers were significant differential metabolites among various parts of wampee. Metabolic pathway analysis showed a significant enrichment of the "Flavone and flavonol synthesis" and "Isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis" pathway. This study provides important information for the isolation and identification of functional components from different tissues of wampee and the metabolic biosynthesis pathway elucidation in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyi Fan
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (MOA)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Cheng Peng
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (MOA)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (MOA)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Diyang Qiu
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (MOA)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Genlin Mao
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (MOA)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Yusheng Lu
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (MOA)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiwu Zeng
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (MOA)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhouChina
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199
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Changxing L, Galani S, Hassan FU, Rashid Z, Naveed M, Fang D, Ashraf A, Qi W, Arif A, Saeed M, Chishti AA, Jianhua L. Biotechnological approaches to the production of plant-derived promising anticancer agents: An update and overview. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110918. [PMID: 33254434 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The plant kingdom is a rich source of bioactive compounds, many of which have been used since pre-history for their therapeutic properties to treat a range of illnesses. These metabolites have recently attracted attention to their antineoplastic activities to treat various cancers relying on different mechanisms. Some of these molecules are glycosides, which have proven useful as anti-cancer agents, namely podophyllotoxin (PPT) anaryltetralin lignan or alkaloids. There are three primary forms of alkaloids, such as indole alkaloids (vincristine and vinblastine from Catharanthus roseus), quinoline alkaloid (camptothecin from Camptotheca acuminata), and diterpenoid alkaloid (taxol and it's analogous from Taxus and Corylus species). This review considers various plant biotechnology approaches used to enhance the production of these anticancer molecules in different species. In this regard, many in vitro culture techniques such as stimulation of suspension culture and hairy roots are being used to investigate the effects of plant growth regulators and elicitors on various explants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Changxing
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000,P.R China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shanxi Province,712100, P.R China
| | - Saddia Galani
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Faiz-Ul Hassan
- Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Zubia Rashid
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 211166, P.R China
| | - Daidong Fang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000,P.R China
| | - Asma Ashraf
- Department of Zoology, G. C. University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Wang Qi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000,P.R China
| | - Afsheen Arif
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, The Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, 6300, Pakistan
| | - Arif Ali Chishti
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Li Jianhua
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000,P.R China.
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200
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Sitarek P, Merecz-Sadowska A, Śliwiński T, Zajdel R, Kowalczyk T. An In Vitro Evaluation of the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Medical Plants from the Lamiaceae Family as Effective Sources of Active Compounds against Human Cancer Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2957. [PMID: 33066157 PMCID: PMC7601952 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It is predicted that 1.8 million new cancer cases will be diagnosed worldwide in 2020; of these, the incidence of lung, colon, breast, and prostate cancers will be 22%, 9%, 7%, and 5%, respectively according to the National Cancer Institute. As the global medical cost of cancer in 2020 will exceed about $150 billion, new approaches and novel alternative chemoprevention molecules are needed. Research indicates that the plants of the Lamiaceae family may offer such potential. The present study reviews selected species from the Lamiaceae and their active compounds that may have the potential to inhibit the growth of lung, breast, prostate, and colon cancer cells; it examines the effects of whole extracts, individual compounds, and essential oils, and it discusses their underlying molecular mechanisms of action. The studied members of the Lamiaceae are sources of crucial phytochemicals that may be important modulators of cancer-related molecular targets and can be used as effective factors to support anti-tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Merecz-Sadowska
- Department of Economic Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland; (A.M.-S.); (R.Z.)
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Radosław Zajdel
- Department of Economic Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland; (A.M.-S.); (R.Z.)
| | - Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
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