151
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Qin Y, Chen K, Gu W, Dong X, Lei R, Chang Y, Bai X, Xia S, Zeng L, Zhang J, Ma S, Li J, Li S, Xing G. Small size fullerenol nanoparticles suppress lung metastasis of breast cancer cell by disrupting actin dynamics. J Nanobiotechnology 2018; 16:54. [PMID: 29935539 PMCID: PMC6015447 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-018-0380-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor metastasis is the primary cause of mortality in cancer patients. Migratory breast cancer cells in lymphatic and blood vessels seek new sites and form metastatic colonies in the lung and bone, and then these cancer cells often wreak considerable havoc. With advances in nanotechnology, nanomaterials and nanotechnologies are widely applied in tumor therapy. In this paper, small size fullerenol nanoparticles, which are separated by isoelectric focusing electrophoresis (IFE) for discrepancy of isoelectric point (pI), are used in the study of tumor metastasis. RESULTS In this study, the commendable inhibition of tumor metastasis was uncovered by intravenous injection of purified fullerenol fraction with special surface charge and functional groups, which was separated by IFE for discrepancy of pI. By investigating the actin dynamics in several cancer cell lines, we found these small size fullerenol nanoparticles disturbed actin dynamics. Young's modulus detection and cell migration assays revealed that fullerenol lowered stiffness and restrained migration of breast cancer cells. Filopodia, the main supporting structures of actin bundles, are important for cell motility and adhesion. Scanning electron microscopy showed that fullerenol reduced the number and length of filopodia. Simultaneously, the inhibition of integrin to form clusters on filopodias, which was likely induced by reorganizing of actin cytoskeleton, impacted cancer cell adhesion and motility. CONCLUSIONS With intravenous injection of these fullerenol nanoparticles, tumor metastasis is well inhibited in vivo. The underlying mechanism most likely to be attributed to the effect of fullerenol nanoparticles on disturbing actin dynamics. With the disordered actin fiber, cell function is varied, including decreased cell stiffness, reduced filopodia formation, and inactivated integrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Qin
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Kui Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Weihong Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinghua Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruihong Lei
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yanan Chang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Xue Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shibo Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Sihan Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Juan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Shan Li
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Gengmei Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
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152
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Keeley T, Lin S, Lester DK, Lau EK, Yang S. The fucose salvage pathway inhibits invadopodia formation and extracellular matrix degradation in melanoma cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199128. [PMID: 29924834 PMCID: PMC6010265 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The fucose salvage pathway is a two-step process in which mammalian cells transform L-fucose into GDP-L-fucose, a universal fucose donor used by fucosyltransferases to modify glycans. Emerging evidence indicates the fucose salvage pathway and the fucosylation of proteins are altered during melanoma progression and metastasis. However the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. Here, we report that the fucose salvage pathway inhibits invadopodia formation and extracellular matrix degradation by promoting α-1,2 fucosylation. Chemically or genetically increasing the fucose salvage pathway decreases invadopodium numbers and inhibits the proteolytic activity of invadopodia in WM793 melanoma cells. Inhibiting fucosylation by depleting fucokinase abrogates L-fucose-mediated inhibition of invadopodia, suggesting dependence on the fucose salvage pathway. The inhibition of invadopodium formation by L-fucose or ectopically expressed FUK could be rescued by treatment with α-1,2, but not α-1,3/α-1,4 fucosidase, implicating an α-1,2 fucose linkage-dependent anti-metastatic effect. The expression of FUT1, an α-1,2 fucosyltransferase, is remarkably down-regulated during melanoma progression, and the ectopic expression of FUT1 is sufficient to inhibit invadopodium formation and ECM degradation. Our findings indicate that the fucose salvage pathway can inhibit invadopodium formation, and consequently, invasiveness in melanoma via α-1,2 fucosylation. Re-activation of this pathway in melanoma could be useful for preventing melanoma invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Keeley
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- University of South Florida Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Shengchen Lin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Daniel K. Lester
- University of South Florida Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Tumor Biology, Comprehensive Melanoma Research Center, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Eric K. Lau
- Department of Tumor Biology, Comprehensive Melanoma Research Center, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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153
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Bertier L, Hebbrecht T, Mettepenningen E, De Wit N, Zwaenepoel O, Verhelle A, Gettemans J. Nanobodies targeting cortactin proline rich, helical and actin binding regions downregulate invadopodium formation and matrix degradation in SCC-61 cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:230-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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154
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Shao T, Song P, Hua H, Zhang H, Sun X, Kong Q, Wang J, Luo T, Jiang Y. Gamma synuclein is a novel Twist1 target that promotes TGF-β-induced cancer cell migration and invasion. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:625. [PMID: 29795373 PMCID: PMC5967338 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0657-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is critical for embryonic development, adult tissue homeostasis, and tumor progression. TGF-β suppresses tumors at early stage, but promotes metastasis at later stage through oncogenes such as Twist1. Gamma-synuclein (SNCG) is overexpressed in a variety of invasive and metastatic cancer. Here, we show that TGF-β induces SNCG expression by Smad-Twist1 axis, thus promoting TGF-β- and Twist1-induced cancer cell migration and invasion. We identify multiple Twist1-binding sites (E-boxes) in SNCG promoter. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays confirm the binding of Twist1 to the E-boxes of SNCG promoter sequence (−129/−1026 bp). Importantly, the Twist1-binding site close to the transcription initiation site is critical for the upregulation of SNCG expression by TGF-β and Twist1. Mutations of Twist1 motif on the SNCG promoter constructs markedly reduces the promoter activity. We further show that TGF-β induces Twist1 expression through Smad thereby enhancing the binding of Twist1 to SNCG promoter, upregulating SNCG promoter activity and increasing SNCG expression. SNCG knockdown abrogates TGF-β- or Twist1-induced cancer cell migration and invasion. Finally, SNCG knockdown inhibits the promotion of cancer metastasis by Twist1. Together, our data demonstrate that SNCG is a novel target of TGF-β-Smad-Twist1 axis and a mediator of Twist1-induced cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Section of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaboratory Inovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Peiying Song
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Section of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaboratory Inovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Hua
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Section of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaboratory Inovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangmin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Section of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaboratory Inovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingbin Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Section of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaboratory Inovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangfu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Section of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaboratory Inovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.
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155
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Yang H, Fu H, Wang B, Zhang X, Mao J, Li X, Wang M, Sun Z, Qian H, Xu W. Exosomal miR-423-5p targets SUFU to promote cancer growth and metastasis and serves as a novel marker for gastric cancer. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:1223-1236. [PMID: 29749061 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are critically involved in tumor growth, metastasis, and therapy resistance. Exosomes have the potential to be utilized as cancer biomarkers. In this study, we aimed to explore the roles and clinical values of exosomal miRNAs in gastric cancer. We found that the concentration of exosomes was significantly higher in the serum of gastric cancer patients and the culture supernatants of gastric cancer cells than that in healthy volunteers and gastric mucosa epithelial cells. In particular, miR-423-5p was elevated in the serum exosomes of gastric cancer patients, and the level of exosomal miR-423-5p was remarkably correlated with lymph node metastasis. High level of exosomal miR-423-5p was associated with poor outcome in gastric cancer patients. MiR-423-5p enriched exosomes could be internalized into gastric cancer cells, which enhanced cell proliferation and migration both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, miR-423-5p inhibited the expression of suppressor of fused protein (SUFU) to enhance the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells. The expression levels of SUFU were significantly decreased in gastric cancer cells and the tumor tissues of gastric cancer patients. Taken together, our findings indicate that exosomes could deliver miR-423-5p to promote cancer growth and metastasis and serum exosomal miR-423-5p may serve as a potential marker for gastric cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hailong Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsum, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiahui Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zixuan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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156
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Meirson T, Gil-Henn H. Targeting invadopodia for blocking breast cancer metastasis. Drug Resist Updat 2018; 39:1-17. [PMID: 30075834 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dissemination of cancer cells from the primary tumor and their spread to distant sites of the body is the leading cause of mortality in metastatic cancer patients. Metastatic cancer cells invade surrounding tissues and blood vessels by forming F-actin-rich protrusions known as invadopodia, which degrade the extracellular matrix and enable invasion of tumor cells through it. Invadopodia have now been observed in vivo, and recent evidence demonstrates direct molecular links between assembly of invadopodia and cancer metastasis in both mouse models and in human patients. While significant progress has been achieved in the last decade in understanding the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways regulating invadopodia formation and function, the application of this knowledge to development of prognostic and therapeutic approaches for cancer metastasis has not been discussed before. Here, we provide a detailed overview of current prognostic markers and tests for cancer metastasis and discuss their advantages, disadvantages, and their predicted efficiency. Using bioinformatic patient database analysis, we demonstrate, for the first time, a significant correlation between invadopodia-associated genes to breast cancer metastasis, suggesting that invadopodia could be used as both a prognostic marker and as a therapeutic target for blocking cancer metastasis. We include here a novel network interaction map of invadopodia-associated proteins with currently available inhibitors, demonstrating a central role for the recently identified EGFR-Pyk2-Src-Arg-cortactin invadopodial pathway, to which re-purposing of existent inhibitors could be used to block breast cancer metastasis. We then present an updated overview of current cancer-related clinical trials, demonstrating the negligible number of trials focusing on cancer metastasis. We also discuss the difficulties and complexity of performing cancer metastasis clinical trials, and the possible development of anti-metastasis drug resistance when using a prolonged preventive treatment with invadopodia inhibitors. This review presents a new perspective on invadopodia-mediated tumor invasiveness and may lead to the development of novel prognostic and therapeutic approaches for cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Meirson
- Laboratory of Cell Migration and Invasion, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel; Drug Discovery Laboratory, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel
| | - Hava Gil-Henn
- Laboratory of Cell Migration and Invasion, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel.
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157
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Zou H, Wang S, Wang S, Wu H, Yu J, Chen Q, Cui W, Yuan Y, Wen X, He J, Chen L, Yu R, Zhang M, Lan H, Jin G, Zhang X, Bian X, Xu C. SOX5 interacts with YAP1 to drive malignant potential of non-small cell lung cancer cells. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:866-878. [PMID: 29888108 PMCID: PMC5992510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of transcription factors plays a vital role in tumor initiation and progression. Sex determining region Y-box 5 (SOX5) encodes a member of the SRY-related HMG-box family of transcription factors involved in the determination of the cell fate and the regulation of embryonic development. However, its functional roles in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. Herein, we report that SOX5 sustains stem-like traits and enhances the malignant phenotype of NSCLC cells. We determine that SOX5 is preferentially expressed by cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) of human NSCLC. In vitro gain- and loss-of-function studies demonstrate that SOX5 promotes self-renewal, invasion and migration in NSCLC cells. Importantly, knockdown of SOX5 potently inhibits tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model. Mechanistically, YAP1 can act as an interacting protein of SOX5 to drive the malignant potential of NSCLC cells. Silencing of YAP1 attenuates the malignant processes in NSCLC cells, which is consistent with the function of SOX5 loss. SOX5 overexpression reverses the attenuated malignant progression in YAP1 knockdown cancer cells. Taken together, these findings identify that SOX5 acts as an oncogenic factor by interacting with YAP1 in NSCLC cells and may be a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Zou
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, China
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072, China
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400010, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, China
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072, China
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Songtao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072, China
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
- Department of Oncology, Chengdu Military General HospitalChengdu 610083, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, China
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072, China
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Xianmei Wen
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Jian He
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072, China
| | - Ruilian Yu
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072, China
| | - Haitao Lan
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072, China
| | - Guoxiang Jin
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiuwu Bian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Chuan Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, China
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072, China
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
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158
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Meirson T, Genna A, Lukic N, Makhnii T, Alter J, Sharma VP, Wang Y, Samson AO, Condeelis JS, Gil-Henn H. Targeting invadopodia-mediated breast cancer metastasis by using ABL kinase inhibitors. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22158-22183. [PMID: 29774130 PMCID: PMC5955141 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic dissemination of cancer cells from the primary tumor and their spread to distant sites in the body is the leading cause of mortality in breast cancer patients. While researchers have identified treatments that shrink or slow metastatic tumors, no treatment that permanently eradicates metastasis exists at present. Here, we show that the ABL kinase inhibitors imatinib, nilotinib, and GNF-5 impede invadopodium precursor formation and cortactin-phosphorylation dependent invadopodium maturation, leading to decreased actin polymerization in invadopodia, reduced extracellular matrix degradation, and impaired matrix proteolysis-dependent invasion. Using a mouse xenograft model we demonstrate that, while primary tumor size is not affected by ABL kinase inhibitors, the in vivo matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, tumor cell invasion, and consequent spontaneous metastasis to lungs are significantly impaired in inhibitor-treated mice. Further proteogenomic analysis of breast cancer patient databases revealed co-expression of the Abl-related gene (Arg) and cortactin across all hormone- and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-receptor status tumors, which correlates synergistically with distant metastasis and poor patient prognosis. Our findings establish a prognostic value for Arg and cortactin as predictors of metastatic dissemination and suggest that therapeutic inhibition of ABL kinases may be used for blocking breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Meirson
- Laboratory of Cell Migration and Invasion, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel.,Drug Discovery Laboratory, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
| | - Alessandro Genna
- Laboratory of Cell Migration and Invasion, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
| | - Nikola Lukic
- Laboratory of Cell Migration and Invasion, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
| | - Tetiana Makhnii
- Laboratory of Cell Migration and Invasion, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
| | - Joel Alter
- Laboratory of Cell Migration and Invasion, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
| | - Ved P Sharma
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Yarong Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Abraham O Samson
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
| | - John S Condeelis
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Hava Gil-Henn
- Laboratory of Cell Migration and Invasion, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
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159
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Lin WF, Lin XL, Fu SW, Yang L, Tang CT, Gao YJ, Chen HY, Ge ZZ. Pseudopod-associated protein KIF20B promotes Gli1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition modulated by pseudopodial actin dynamic in human colorectal cancer. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:911-925. [PMID: 29573464 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Kinesin family member 20B (KIF20B) has been reported to have an oncogenic role in bladder and hepatocellular cancer cells, but its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression remains unclear. In this study, we assessed the mRNA and protein levels of KIF20B in CRC tissues using qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. KIF20B was overexpressed in CRC tissues and was associated with cancer invasion and metastasis. Mechanistically, KIF20B overexpression promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process mediated by glioma-associated oncogene 1 (Gli1) as well as CRC cell migration and invasion. Interestingly, KIF20B was localized in pseudopod protrusions of CRC cells and influenced the formation of cell protrusions, especially the EMT-related invadopodia. Moreover, intracellular actin dynamic participated in the modulation of the Gli1-mediated EMT and EMT-related cell pseudopod protrusion formation induced by KIF20B. We identified a role for KIF20B in CRC progression and revealed a correlation between KIF20B expression in CRC tissues and patient prognosis. The underlying mechanism was associated with the Gli1-mediated EMT and EMT-related cell protrusion formation modulated by intracellular actin dynamic. Thus, KIF20B may be a potential biomarker and promising treatment target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Feng Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China.,Department of Digestive Endoscopy, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinic Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Seng-Wang Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao-Tao Tang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Jie Gao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao-Yan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Zheng Ge
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
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160
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Abstract
The basement membrane is a thin but dense, sheet-like specialized type of extracellular matrix that has remarkably diverse functions tailored to individual tissues and organs. Tightly controlled spatial and temporal changes in its composition and structure contribute to the diversity of basement membrane functions. These different basement membranes undergo dynamic transformations throughout animal life, most notably during development. Numerous developmental mechanisms are regulated or mediated by basement membranes, often by a combination of molecular and mechanical processes. A particularly important process involves cell transmigration through a basement membrane because of its link to cell invasion in disease. While developmental and disease processes share some similarities, what clearly distinguishes the two is dysregulation of cells and extracellular matrices in disease. With its relevance to many developmental and disease processes, the basement membrane is a vitally important area of research that may provide novel insights into biological mechanisms and development of innovative therapeutic approaches. Here we present a review of developmental and disease dynamics of basement membranes in Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila, and vertebrates.
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161
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TWIST1/miR-584/TUSC2 pathway induces resistance to apoptosis in thyroid cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:70575-70588. [PMID: 27661106 PMCID: PMC5342575 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
TWIST1, a transcription factor, plays a pivotal role in cancer initiation and progression. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is one of the deadliest human malignancies; TWIST1 is overexpressed in ATC and increases thyroid cancer cell survival, migration and invasion. The molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of TWIST1 are partially known. Here, using miRNome profiling of papillary thyroid cancer cells (TPC-1) ectopically expressing TWIST1, we identified miR-584. We showed that TWIST1 directly binds miR-584 using chromatin immunoprecipitation. Importantly, miR-584 was up-regulated in human ATC compared to papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and normal thyroid samples. Overexpression of miR-584 in TPC cells induced resistance to apoptosis, whereas stable transfection of anti-miR-584 in TPC-TWIST1 and 8505C cells increased the sensitivity to apoptosis. Using bioinformatics programs, we identified TUSC2 (tumor suppressor candidate 2) as a novel target of miR-584. TUSC2 mRNA and protein levels were decreased in TPC miR-584 and increased in TPC-TWIST1 anti-miR-584 cells. Luciferase assays demonstrated direct targeting. Restored expression of TUSC2 rescued the inhibition of apoptosis induced by miR-584. Finally, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical analysis showed that TUSC2 was down-regulated in ATC and PTC samples compared to normal thyroids. In conclusion, our study identified a novel TWIST1/miR-584/TUSC2 pathway that plays a role in resistance to apoptosis of thyroid cancer cells.
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162
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Iizuka S, Abdullah C, Buschman MD, Diaz B, Courtneidge SA. The role of Tks adaptor proteins in invadopodia formation, growth and metastasis of melanoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:78473-78486. [PMID: 27802184 PMCID: PMC5346654 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic cancer cells are characterized by their ability to degrade and invade through extracellular matrix. We previously showed that the Tks adaptor proteins, Tks4 and Tks5, are required for invadopodia formation and/or function in Src-transformed fibroblasts and a number of human cancer cell types. In this study, we investigated the role of Tks adaptor proteins in melanoma cell invasion and metastasis. Knockdown of either Tks4 or Tks5 in both mouse and human melanoma cell lines resulted in a decreased ability to form invadopodia and degrade extracellular matrix. In addition, Tks-knockdown melanoma cells had decreased proliferation in a 3-dimensional type l collagen matrix, but not in 2-dimensional culture conditions. We also investigated the role of Tks proteins in melanoma progression in vivo using xenografts and experimental metastasis assays. Consistent with our in vitro results, reduction of Tks proteins markedly reduced subcutaneous melanoma growth as well as metastatic growth in the lung. We explored the clinical relevance of Tks protein expression in human melanoma specimens using a tissue microarray. Compared to non-malignant nevi, both Tks proteins were highly expressed in melanoma tissues. Moreover, metastatic melanoma cases showed higher expression of Tks5 than primary melanoma cases. Taken together, these findings suggest the importance of Tks adaptor proteins in melanoma growth and metastasis in vivo, likely via functional invadopodia formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Iizuka
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Christopher Abdullah
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matthew D Buschman
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Begoña Diaz
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Sara A Courtneidge
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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163
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Li M, Zhang X, Xu X, Wu J, Hu K, Guo X, Zhang P. Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of Twist overexpression in NSCLC. Oncotarget 2018; 9:14642-14651. [PMID: 29581870 PMCID: PMC5865696 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies were conducted to explore the prognostic significance of Twist in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), however, contradictory results in different studies were reported. To this end, we presented a systematic review aiming to summarize the prognostic significance of Twist in patients with NSCLC. 5 studies involving a total of 572 patients were identified. The result indicated that high Twist expression was significantly associated with a worse overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.19, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.64–2.94, p < 0.001; I2 = 0.0%, fixed effect), recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR = 2.476, 95% CI = 1.728–3.547, p < 0.001; I2 = 0.0%, fixed effect) and lymph node or other metastasis (odds rate (OR) = 0.419, 95% CI = 0.259–0.679, P < 0.001, fixed effect). Subgroup analysis revealed that the expression of Twist in Chinese patients might be more closely associated with the prognosis of NSCLC than in American patients. Overall, these results indicated that Twist over-expression in patients with NSCLC might be related to poor prognosis and serves as an unfavorable predictor of poor clinicopathological prognosis factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xu
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiubin Wu
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaiwen Hu
- Department of Oncology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuwei Guo
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peitong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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164
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Feng J, Song D, Jiang S, Yang X, Ding T, Zhang H, Luo J, Liao J, Yin Q. Quercetin restrains TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition by inhibiting Twist1 and regulating E-cadherin expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 498:132-138. [PMID: 29425820 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has indicated that transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) induces the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer cells, thus promoting their motility and invasiveness. Quercetin, a member of the polyphenolic flavonoid family, has been reported to display anticancer activity against a broad range of cancer cell types. Indeed, numerous studies have shown the cancer preventive effects and molecular mechanisms of quercetin in vitro using diverse cell model systems. However, the potential effect of quercetin on EMT remains unclear. In this study, we identified a unique function of quercetin in inhibiting the EMT process induced by TGF-β1. In particular, quercetin rescued the morphological changes and EMT-like phenotypes in TGF-β1-activated SW480 cells, and this inhibition of TGF-β1-induced EMT was mediated via the suppression of Twist1 expression. In addition, quercetin strongly suppressed TGF-β1-induced invasion of SW480 cells. Thus, quercetin may be considered a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of patients with refractory cancer and for the prevention of the metastatic cascade initiated by EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Feng
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Dalong Song
- Department of Urology, GuiZhou provincial people's hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China; Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - SiYuan Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - XiaoHui Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - TingTing Ding
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Junmin Luo
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical College, Immunology Innovation Base of Postgraduate Education in Guizhou Province, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Jun Liao
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Qian Yin
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, 563003, China.
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165
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Ozturk E, Aksoy SAK, Ugras N, Tunca B, Ceylan S, Tezcan G, Yilmazlar T, Yerci O, Egeli U, Cecener G. Coexistence of MACC1 and NM23-H1 dysregulation and tumor budding promise early prognostic evidence for recurrence risk of early-stage colon cancer. APMIS 2018; 126:99-108. [DOI: 10.1111/apm.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ersin Ozturk
- Department of General Surgery; Medical Faculty; Uludag University; Bursa Turkey
| | - Secil AK Aksoy
- Department of Medical Biology; Medical Faculty; Uludag University; Bursa Turkey
| | - Nesrin Ugras
- Department of Pathology; Medical Faculty; Uludag University; Bursa Turkey
| | - Berrin Tunca
- Department of Medical Biology; Medical Faculty; Uludag University; Bursa Turkey
| | - Serkan Ceylan
- Department of General Surgery; Medical Faculty; Uludag University; Bursa Turkey
| | - Gulcin Tezcan
- Department of Medical Biology; Medical Faculty; Uludag University; Bursa Turkey
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology; Kazan Federal University; Kazan Tatarstan Russia
| | - Tuncay Yilmazlar
- Department of Medical Biology; Medical Faculty; Uludag University; Bursa Turkey
| | - Omer Yerci
- Department of Medical Biology; Medical Faculty; Uludag University; Bursa Turkey
| | - Unal Egeli
- Department of Medical Biology; Medical Faculty; Uludag University; Bursa Turkey
| | - Gulsah Cecener
- Department of Medical Biology; Medical Faculty; Uludag University; Bursa Turkey
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166
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Mo P, Yang S. The store-operated calcium channels in cancer metastasis: from cell migration, invasion to metastatic colonization. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2018; 23:1241-1256. [PMID: 28930597 DOI: 10.2741/4641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) is the predominant calcium entry mechanism in most cancer cells. SOCE is mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum calcium sensor STIMs (STIM1 and 2) and plasma membrane channel forming unit Orais (Orai 1-3). In recent years there is increasing evidence indicating that SOCE in cancer cells is dysregulated to promote cancer cell migration, invasion and metastasis. The overexpression of STIM and Orai proteins has been reported to correlate with the metastatic progression of various cancers. The hyperactive SOCE may promote metastatic dissemination and colonization by reorganizing the actin cytoskeleton, degrading the extracellular matrix and remodeling the tumor microenvironment. Here we discuss how these recent progresses provide novel insights to our understanding of tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingli Mo
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian China
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033,
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167
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Choo S, Wang P, Newbury R, Roberts W, Yang J. Reactivation of TWIST1 contributes to Ewing sarcoma metastasis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2018; 65:10.1002/pbc.26721. [PMID: 28873262 PMCID: PMC5759052 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ewing sarcoma is a cancer of bone and soft tissue. Despite aggressive treatment, survival remains poor, particularly in patients with metastatic disease. Failure to treat Ewing sarcoma is due to the lack of understanding of the molecular pathways that regulate metastasis. In addition, no molecular prognostic markers have been identified for Ewing sarcoma to risk stratify patients. PROCEDURE Ewing sarcoma patients were divided into high or low Twist1 gene expression and survival curves were generated using the R2 microarray-based Genomic Analysis platform (http://r2.amc.nl). Tumors from Ewing sarcoma patients were also evaluated for TWIST1 expression by immunohistochemistry. Ewing sarcoma xenografts were established to evaluate the role of TWIST1 in metastasis. The effects of Twist1 on migration and invasion were evaluated using migration and invasion assays in A673 and RDES cells. RESULTS Twist1 expression was a negative prognostic marker for overall survival in a public Ewing sarcoma patient data set based on Twist1 mRNA levels and in patient tumor samples based on Twist1 immunohistochemistry. TWIST1 is detected in significantly higher percentage of patients with metastatic diseases than localized disease. Using Ewing sarcoma tumor xenografts in mice, we found that suppressing TWIST1 levels suppressed metastasis without affecting primary tumor development. Knockdown of Twist1 inhibited the migration and invasion capability, while overexpression of Twist1 promoted migration and invasion in Ewing sarcoma cells. CONCLUSION These results suggest that TWIST1 promotes metastasis in Ewing sarcoma and could be used as a prognostic marker for treatment stratification; however, further validation is required in a larger cohort of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Choo
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Peckham Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Robert Newbury
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Pathology, Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - William Roberts
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Peckham Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Jing Yang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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168
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Abstract
Actin remodeling plays an essential role in diverse cellular processes such as cell motility, vesicle trafficking or cytokinesis. The scaffold protein and actin nucleation promoting factor Cortactin is present in virtually all actin-based structures, participating in the formation of branched actin networks. It has been involved in the control of endocytosis, and vesicle trafficking, axon guidance and organization, as well as adhesion, migration and invasion. To migrate and invade through three-dimensional environments, cells have developed specialized actin-based structures called invadosomes, a generic term to designate invadopodia and podosomes. Cortactin has emerged as a critical regulator of invadosome formation, function and disassembly. Underscoring this role, Cortactin is frequently overexpressed in several types of invasive cancers. Herein we will review the roles played by Cortactin in these specific invasive structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Jeannot
- CRCT INSERM UMR1037, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier , CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France.,Cell Signalling Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester , Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Arnaud Besson
- CRCT INSERM UMR1037, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier , CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France.,LBCMCP , Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, UPS, Toulouse Cedex, France
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169
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Twist1 induces distinct cell states depending on TGFBR1-activation. Oncotarget 2017; 7:30396-407. [PMID: 27105506 PMCID: PMC5058688 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor Twist1 is a master regulator of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), a cellular program implicated in different stages of development as well as metastatic dissemination of carcinomas. Here, we show that Twist1 requires TGF-beta type-I receptor (TGFBR1)-activation to bind an enhancer region of downstream effector ZEB1, thereby inducing ZEB1 transcription and EMT. When TGFBR1-phosphorylation is inhibited, Twist1 generates a distinct cell state characterized by collective invasion, simultaneous proliferation and expression of endothelial markers. By contrast, TGFBR1-activation directs Twist1 to induce stable mesenchymal transdifferentiation through EMT, thereby generating cells that display single-cell invasion, but lose their proliferative capacity. In conclusion, preventing Twist1-induced EMT by inhibiting TGFβ-signaling does not generally block acquisition of invasion, but switches mode from single-cell/non-proliferative to collective/proliferative. Together, these data reveal that transient Twist1-activation induces distinct cell states depending on signaling context and caution against the use of TGFβ-inhibitors as a therapeutic strategy to target invasiveness.
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170
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Govaere O, Petz M, Wouters J, Vandewynckel YP, Scott EJ, Topal B, Nevens F, Verslype C, Anstee QM, Van Vlierberghe H, Mikulits W, Roskams T. The PDGFRα-laminin B1-keratin 19 cascade drives tumor progression at the invasive front of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2017; 36:6605-6616. [PMID: 28783171 PMCID: PMC5702717 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) expressing the biliary/hepatic progenitor cell marker keratin 19 (K19) have been linked with a poor prognosis and exhibit an increase in platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα) and laminin beta 1 (LAMB1) expression. PDGFRα has been reported to induce de novo synthesis of LAMB1 protein in a Sjogren syndrome antigen B (La/SSB)-dependent manner in a murine metastasis model. However, the role of this cascade in human HCC remains unclear. This study focused on the functional role of the PDGFRα-La/SSB-LAMB1 pathway and its molecular link to K19 expression in human HCC. In surgical HCC specimens from a cohort of 136 patients, PDGFRα expression correlated with K19 expression, microvascular invasion and metastatic spread. In addition, PDGFRα expression in pre-operative needle biopsy specimens predicted poor overall survival during a 5-year follow-up period. Consecutive histological staining demonstrated that the signaling components of the PDGFRα-La/SSB-LAMB1 pathway were strongly expressed at the invasive front. K19-positive HCC cells displayed high levels of α2β1 integrin (ITG) receptor, both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro activation of PDGFRα signaling triggered the translocation of nuclear La/SSB into the cytoplasm, enhanced the protein synthesis of LAMB1 by activating its internal ribosome entry site, which in turn led to increased secretion of laminin-111. This effect was abrogated by the PDGFRα-specific inhibitor crenolanib. Importantly LAMB1 stimulated ITG-dependent focal adhesion kinase/Src proto-oncogene non-receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. It also promoted the ITG-specific downstream target Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2, induced K19 expression in an autocrine manner, invadopodia formation and cell invasion. Finally, we showed that the knockdown of LAMB1 or K19 in subcutaneous xenograft mouse models resulted in significant loss of cells invading the surrounding stromal tissue and reduced HepG2 colonization into lung and liver after tail vein injection. The PDGFRα-LAMB1 pathway supports tumor progression at the invasive front of human HCC through K19 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Govaere
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Liver Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - M Petz
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Wouters
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Y-P Vandewynckel
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - E J Scott
- Liver Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - B Topal
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - F Nevens
- Department of Hepatology, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - C Verslype
- Department of Hepatology, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Q M Anstee
- Liver Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - H Van Vlierberghe
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - W Mikulits
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Roskams
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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171
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Yang J, Chen Z, Wang X, Xu M, Fang H, Li F, Liu Y, Jiang Y, Ding Y, Li J, Wang S. Inactivation of miR-100 combined with arsenic treatment enhances the malignant transformation of BEAS-2B cells via stimulating epithelial -mesenchymal transition. Cancer Biol Ther 2017; 18:965-973. [PMID: 28956730 PMCID: PMC5718807 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2017.1345393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic arsenic treatment induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promotes tumorigenicity, but the mechanism is unclear. MiR-100 has been shown to be involved in this biologic process. In this study, we hypothesize that inactivation of miR-100 combined with low concentration of arsenic exposure could promote the malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B cell) by promoting EMT. To test this hypothesis, BEAS–2B cells were treated with low-dose of As2O3 chronically, and lentiviral vectors were used to mediate the inhibition of miR-100 expression. Flow cytometry, cloning formation, and transwell assays were used to examine cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, and cell migration, respectively. The mouse xenograft model was used to investigate the cell malignant growth in vivo, and western blot was used to detect EMT related marker expressions. Our results showed that, the inactivation of miR-100 combined with arsenic treatment significantly promoted the proliferation, viability, and migration of BEAS-2B cells in vitro, and tumorigenesis in vivo. Consistently, the EMT related marker expressions were also significantly increased in corresponding groups. Our data indicate that inactivation of miR-100 combined with chronic arsenic treatment promotes tumorigenicity of BEAS-2B cells via activation of EMT. This novel insight may help us to better understand the pathogenesis of arsenic carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yang
- a Department of Anesthesia, School of Medicine , Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , China.,b Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Zhijun Chen
- b Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- b Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Mo Xu
- b Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Haoshu Fang
- b Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Feifei Li
- b Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Yakun Liu
- b Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Yu Jiang
- b Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Yi Ding
- c Department of Pathology and Physiology , Weifang Medical College , Weifang , Shandong , China
| | - Juan Li
- a Department of Anesthesia, School of Medicine , Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , China.,b Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Siying Wang
- b Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , Anhui , China
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Hu J, Tian J, Zhu S, Sun L, Yu J, Tian H, Dong Q, Luo Q, Jiang N, Niu Y, Shang Z. Sox5 contributes to prostate cancer metastasis and is a master regulator of TGF-β-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition through controlling Twist1 expression. Br J Cancer 2017; 118:88-97. [PMID: 29123266 PMCID: PMC5765224 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is one of the main contributors to the death of prostate cancer patients. To date, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying mCRPC are unclear. Given the crucial role of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer metastasis, we aimed to analyse the expression and function of Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signal-associated protein named Sox5 in mCRPC. Methods: The protein expression levels were analysed by western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation were employed to validate the target of Sox5. The effect of Smad3/Sox5/Twist1 on PCa progression was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Results: Here, we found that TGF-β-induced EMT was accompanied by increased Sox5 expression. Interestingly, knockdown of Sox5 expression attenuated EMT induced by TGF-β signalling. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Smad3 could bind to the promoter of Sox5 and regulate its expression. Mechanistically, Sox5 could bind to Twist1 promoter and active Twist1, which initiated EMT. Importantly, knockdown of Sox5 in prostate cancer cells resulted in less of the mesenchymal phenotype and cell migration ability. Furthermore, targeting Sox5 could inhibit prostate cancer progression in a xenograft mouse model. In clinic, patients with high Sox5 expression were more likely to suffer from metastases, and high Sox5 expression also has a lower progression-free survival and cancer specific-survival in clinic database. Conclusions: Therefore, we propose a new mechanism in which Smad3/Sox5/Twist1 promotes EMT and contributes to PCa progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieping Hu
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China.,Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Shimiao Zhu
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Libin Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China.,Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Jianpeng Yu
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Hao Tian
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Qian Dong
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Yuanjie Niu
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Zhiqun Shang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
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173
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EFHD2 promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and correlates with postsurgical recurrence of stage I lung adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14617. [PMID: 29097801 PMCID: PMC5668280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15186-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgery is the only curative treatment for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, approximately one-third of these patients develop recurrence, which remains the main cause of mortality in the postsurgical treatment of NSCLC. Many molecular markers have been proposed to predict recurrence of early-stage disease, but no marker has demonstrated sufficient reliability for clinical application. In the present study, the novel protein EF-hand domain-containing protein D2 (EFHD2) was identified as expressed in highly metastatic tumor cells. EFHD2 increased the formation of protrusive invadopodia structures and cell migration and invasion abilities and promoted the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) character of lung adenocarcinoma cells. We demonstrated that the mechanism of EFHD2 in enhancing EMT occurs partly through inhibition of caveolin-1 (CAV1) for cancer progression. The expression of EFHD2 was significantly correlated with postsurgical recurrence of patients with stage I lung adenocarcinoma in the Kaplan-Meier-plotter cancer database search and our retrospective cohort study (HR, 6.14; 95% CI, 2.40-15.74; P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that EFHD2 expression was an independent clinical predictor for this disease. We conclude that EFHD2 expression is associated with increased metastasis and EMT and could serve as an independent marker to predict postsurgical recurrence of patients with stage I lung adenocarcinoma.
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174
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Wang Z, Zhang F, He J, Wu P, Tay LWR, Cai M, Nian W, Weng Y, Qin L, Chang JT, McIntire LB, Di Paolo G, Xu J, Peng J, Du G. Binding of PLD2-Generated Phosphatidic Acid to KIF5B Promotes MT1-MMP Surface Trafficking and Lung Metastasis of Mouse Breast Cancer Cells. Dev Cell 2017; 43:186-197.e7. [PMID: 29033361 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the cellular events promoting metastasis. We show that knockout of phospholipase D2 (PLD2), which generates the signaling lipid phosphatidic acid (PA), inhibits lung metastases in the mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-Neu transgenic mouse breast cancer model. PLD2 promotes local invasion through the regulation of the plasma membrane targeting of MT1-MMP and its associated invadopodia. A liposome pull-down screen identifies KIF5B, the heavy chain of the motor protein kinesin-1, as a new PA-binding protein. In vitro assays reveal that PA specifically and directly binds to the C terminus of KIF5B. The binding between PLD2-generated PA and KIF5B is required for the vesicular association of KIF5B, surface localization of MT1-MMP, invadopodia, and invasion in cancer cells. Taken together, these results identify a role of PLD2-generated PA in the regulation of kinesin-1 motor functions and breast cancer metastasis and suggest PLD2 as a potential therapeutic target for metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Wang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA; Core Facility, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingquan He
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Li Wei Rachel Tay
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ming Cai
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430022, China
| | - Weiqi Nian
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing Cancer Hospital & Institute & Cancer Center, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yuanyuan Weng
- Core Facility, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Qin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Chang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Laura B McIntire
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Gilbert Di Paolo
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Junmin Peng
- Departments of Structural Biology and Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Proteomics Facility, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Guangwei Du
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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175
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Wang X, Wang J, Jia Y, Wang Y, Han X, Duan Y, Lv W, Ma M, Liu L. Methylation decreases the Bin1 tumor suppressor in ESCC and restoration by decitabine inhibits the epithelial mesenchymal transition. Oncotarget 2017; 8:19661-19673. [PMID: 28152502 PMCID: PMC5386712 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bridging integrator-1 (Bin1), as a tumor suppressor, is frequently attenuated or even abolished in multiple primary cancers. A reduced expression of Bin1 caused by DNA methylation, has been reported in breast and prostate cancers. However, the methylation status of Bin1 and potent biological functions in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain unclear. In a previous study, we showed that the Bin1 expression was low in ESCC tissues. Herein, we further characterized this mechanism, confirming that gene hypermethylation was significantly correlated with the aberrant attenuation of Bin1. In addition, the Bin1 hypermethylation was associated with the poorer clinical parameters and shorter survival times of ESCC patients. Methylation-specific reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (MS-RT-PCR) showed that Bin1 was hypermethylated in several ESCC cell lines, which might be the main cause of reduced Bin1 expression. In addition, treatment with the de-methylation agent Decitabine (DAC) could restore Bin1 expression and evidently restrained ESCC cell malignant behaviors, particularly the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) via reactivating the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway to inhibit matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 expression in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that Bin1 methylation could augment the malignant biological behaviors of ESCC and predict the poor prognosis for ESCC patients, thus indicating the potential clinical application value of DAC-based de-methylation therapy in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexiao Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yunlong Jia
- Department of Biotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaonan Han
- Department of Biotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuqing Duan
- Department of Biotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei Lv
- Department of Biotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ming Ma
- Research Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University and Hebei Cancer Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
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176
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Breast tumor cell-specific knockout of Twist1 inhibits cancer cell plasticity, dissemination, and lung metastasis in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:11494-11499. [PMID: 29073077 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1618091114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Twist1 is an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-inducing transcription factor (TF) that promotes cell migration and invasion. To determine the intrinsic role of Twist1 in EMT and breast cancer initiation, growth, and metastasis, we developed mouse models with an oncogene-induced mammary tumor containing wild-type (WT) Twist1 or tumor cell-specific Twist1 knockout (Twist1TKO). Twist1 knockout showed no effects on tumor initiation and growth. In both models with early-stage tumor cells, Twist1, and mesenchymal markers were not expressed, and lung metastasis was absent. Twist1 expression was detected in ∼6% of the advanced WT tumor cells. Most of these Twist1+ cells coexpressed several other EMT-inducing TFs (Snail, Slug, Zeb2), lost ERα and luminal marker K8, acquired basal cell markers (K5, p63), and exhibited a partial EMT plasticity (E-cadherin+/vimentin+). In advanced Twist1TKO tumor cells, Twist1 knockout largely diminished the expression of the aforementioned EMT-inducing TFs and basal and mesenchymal markers, but maintained the expression of the luminal markers. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) were commonly detected in mice with advanced WT tumors, but not in mice with advanced Twist1TKO tumors. Nearly all WT CTCs coexpressed Twist1 with other EMT-inducing TFs and both epithelial and mesenchymal markers. Mice with advanced WT tumors developed extensive lung metastasis consisting of luminal tumor cells with silenced Twist1 and mesenchymal marker expression. Mice with advanced Twist1TKO tumors developed very little lung metastasis. Therefore, Twist1 is required for the expression of other EMT-inducing TFs in a small subset of tumor cells. Together, they induce partial EMT, basal-like tumor progression, intravasation, and metastasis.
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177
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Zhao Z, Rahman MA, Chen ZG, Shin DM. Multiple biological functions of Twist1 in various cancers. Oncotarget 2017; 8:20380-20393. [PMID: 28099910 PMCID: PMC5386770 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Twist1 is a well-known regulator of transcription during embryonic organogenesis in many species. In humans, Twist1 malfunction was first linked to Saethre-Chotzen syndrome and later identified to play an essential role in tumor initiation, stemness, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and chemo-resistance in a variety of carcinomas, sarcomas, and hematological malignances. In this review, we will first focus on systematically elaborating the diverse pathological functions of Twist1 in various cancers, then delineating the intricate underlying network of molecular mechanisms, based on which we will summarize current therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment that target and modulate Twist1-involved signaling pathways. Most importantly, we will put special emphasis on revealing the independence and interdependency of these multiple biological functions of Twist1, piecing together the whole delicate picture of Twist1's diversified pathological roles in different cancers and providing new perspectives to guide future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.,Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mohammad Aminur Rahman
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Zhuo G Chen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Dong M Shin
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
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178
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Shen J, Zhang J, Xiao M, Yang J, Zhang N. miR-203 Suppresses Bladder Cancer Cell Growth and Targets Twist1. Oncol Res 2017; 26:1155-1165. [PMID: 28893347 PMCID: PMC7844766 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x15041934685237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-203 is an epigenetically silenced tumor-suppressive microRNA in tumors. This study was designed to investigate the effects of miR-203 on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of bladder cancer (BCa) cells. The expression levels of miR-203 in BCa tissues, normal adjacent tissues, and BCa cell lines were detected. BCa cells were transfected with miR-203 mimic and inhibitor to investigate the effect of miR-203 on cell functions and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Cotransfection with miR-203 inhibitor and shRNA of the predicted target gene Twist1 (si-Twist1) was performed to investigate the target relationship of miR-203 and Twist1. The effects of knockdown of Twist1 on cell functions were also investigated. The expression of miR-203 was significantly reduced in BCa tissues and cells, in comparison with the control. miR-203 mimic significantly reduced cell viability, invasion, migration, and EMT, and enhanced cell apoptosis. On the contrary, miR-203 inhibitor showed the opposite results. However, the administration of si-Twist1 cancelled the effect of miR-203 inhibitor on cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration. These demonstrated that miR-203 may function as a tumor-suppressive microRNA in BCa by negatively targeting Twist1. Both Twist1 and miR-203 might be explored as potential targets for studying the mechanism related to BCa pathogenesis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China
| | - Minhui Xiao
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China
| | - Junfeng Yang
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China
| | - Ningnan Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China
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179
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Toosendanin demonstrates promising antitumor efficacy in osteosarcoma by targeting STAT3. Oncogene 2017; 36:6627-6639. [PMID: 28783167 PMCID: PMC5702716 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3) is an emerging target for cancer therapy. In this study, we identify Toosendanin (TSN) is an effective inhibitor of STAT3, leading to the impediment of various oncogenic processes in osteosarcoma. TSN selectively inactivates phospho-STAT3 (Tyr-705); subsequent molecular docking and in vitro SPR analysis uncover TSN directly binds to the SH2 domain of STAT3. Consequently, TSN blocks STAT3 dimerization and impairs the complex formation of STAT3 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In an animal tumor model study, TSN is well tolerated, inhibits osteosarcoma growth and metastasis. In another osteosarcoma patient-derived xenografts (PDX) model, we find TSN triggers strong inhibitory effects on patient-derived tumors. Further studies show that TSN also displays activity against other solid tumors. Our preclinical work therefore supports that TSN acts as a novel inhibitor of STAT3 that blocks tumorigenesis in ostoesarcoma.
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180
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Yao Y, Zhao K, Yu Z, Ren H, Zhao L, Li Z, Guo Q, Lu N. Wogonoside inhibits invasion and migration through suppressing TRAF2/4 expression in breast cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:103. [PMID: 28774312 PMCID: PMC5543547 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0574-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Twist1 is involved in tumor initiation and progression, which especially contributes to tumor invasion and metastasis. Wogonoside is the main in-vivo metabolite of wogonin, and it is also a natural product with potential treatment effects against cancer. Methods In this study, we investigated the in-vitro anti-invasion and in-vivo anti-metastasis effects of wogonoside on breast cancer cells and uncovered its underlying mechanism. Results The results showed that wogonoside could suppress the growth and metastasis of breast tumor in the orthotopic model of MDA-MB-231 cells. We found that wogonoside could reduce the overexpression of TNF-α, TRAF2 and TRAF4 in later stage of tumor, and improved tumor microenvironment. Therefore, TNF-α was utilized to induce metastases of breast cancer cell in vitro. Wogonoside could inhibit invasion and migration in TNF-α-induced MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435, and BT-474 cells. Mechanically, wogonoside inactivated NF-κB signaling through decreasing the protein expression of TRAF2/4, which further inhibited Twist1 expression. Consequently, wogonoside could down-regulate MMP-9, MMP-2, vimentin and CD44v6 expression in TNF-α-induced MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435 cells. Then, these findings were proved in TNF-α + TGF-β1-induced MCF7 cells. Conclusions Wogonoside might be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of tumor metastasis in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyuan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Haochuan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Na Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
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181
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Yamaguchi H, Ito Y, Miura N, Nagamura Y, Nakabo A, Fukami K, Honda K, Sakai R. Actinin-1 and actinin-4 play essential but distinct roles in invadopodia formation by carcinoma cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2017; 96:685-694. [PMID: 28797528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Invadopodia are ventral membrane protrusions formed by cancer cells that degrade the extracellular matrix (ECM) during tumor invasion and metastasis. Formation of invadopodia is initiated by the assembly of actin filaments (F-actin) that results from the coordinated activation of several actin regulatory proteins. Actinin-1 and actinin-4 are actin bundling proteins expressed in non-muscle cells and actinin-4 is preferentially associated with malignant phenotypes of carcinoma cells. In this study, we investigated the role of actinin-1 and -4 in invadopodia formation. Expression of both actinin-1 and -4 tended to be higher in invasive and metastatic breast carcinoma cell lines than in non-invasive ones. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that actinin-1 and -4 colocalized at core actin structures of invadopodia. Time-lapse imaging showed that appearance of both actinins at invadopodia is concomitant with the assembly of F-actin. Knockdown of either actinin-1 or actinin-4 suppressed the formation of invadopodia and degradation of the ECM by carcinoma cells. Interestingly, overexpression of actinin-4, but not actinin-1, significantly promoted the formation of invadopodia and this activity required the actin binding domains and the unique N-terminal motif that exists only in actinin-4. These results demonstrate that both actinin-1 and actinin-4 participate in the assembly of F-actin at invadopodia. Additionally, actinin-4 may have a selective advantage in accelerating invadopodia-mediated invasion of carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Yamaguchi
- Department of Cancer Cell Research, Sasaki Institute, Sasaki Foundation, 2-2 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan; Division of Refractory and Advanced Cancer, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045,Japan.
| | - Yuumi Ito
- Division of Refractory and Advanced Cancer, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045,Japan; Laboratory of Genome and Biosignal, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Nami Miura
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yuko Nagamura
- Department of Cancer Cell Research, Sasaki Institute, Sasaki Foundation, 2-2 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan; Division of Refractory and Advanced Cancer, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045,Japan
| | - Ayaka Nakabo
- Department of Cancer Cell Research, Sasaki Institute, Sasaki Foundation, 2-2 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan; Division of Refractory and Advanced Cancer, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045,Japan; Laboratory of Genome and Biosignal, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Fukami
- Laboratory of Genome and Biosignal, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Honda
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Sakai
- Division of Refractory and Advanced Cancer, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045,Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.
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182
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Shin S, Im HJ, Kwon YJ, Ye DJ, Baek HS, Kim D, Choi HK, Chun YJ. Human steroid sulfatase induces Wnt/β-catenin signaling and epithelial-mesenchymal transition by upregulating Twist1 and HIF-1α in human prostate and cervical cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:61604-61617. [PMID: 28977889 PMCID: PMC5617449 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroid sulfatase (STS) catalyzes the hydrolysis of estrone sulfate and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) to their unconjugated biologically active forms. Although STS is considered a therapeutic target for estrogen-dependent diseases, the cellular functions of STS remain unclear. We found that STS induces Wnt/β-catenin s Delete ignaling in PC-3 and HeLa cells. STS increases levels of β-catenin, phospho-β-catenin, and phospho-GSK3β. Enhanced translocation of β-catenin to the nucleus by STS might activate transcription of target genes such as cyclin D1, c-myc, and MMP-7. STS knockdown by siRNA resulted in downregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. β-Catenin/TCF-mediated transcription was also enhanced by STS. STS induced an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as it reduced the levels of E-cadherin, whereas levels of mesenchymal markers such as N-cadherin and vimentin were enhanced. We found that STS induced Twist1 expression through HIFα activation as HIF-1α knockdown significantly blocks the ability of STS to induce Twist1 transcription. Furthermore, DHEA, but not DHEAS is capable of inducing Twist1. Treatment with a STS inhibitor prevented STS-mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling and Twist1 expression. Interestingly, cancer cell migration, invasion, and MMPs expression induced by STS were also inhibited by a STS inhibitor. Taken together, these results suggest that STS induces Wnt/β-catenin signaling and EMT by upregulating Twist1 and HIF-1α. The ability of STS to induce the Wnt/β-catenin signaling and EMT has profound implications on estrogen-mediated carcinogenesis in human cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangyun Shin
- College of Pharmacy and Center for Metareceptome Research, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jung Im
- College of Pharmacy and Center for Metareceptome Research, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo-Jung Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Center for Metareceptome Research, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Jin Ye
- College of Pharmacy and Center for Metareceptome Research, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Seok Baek
- College of Pharmacy and Center for Metareceptome Research, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghak Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Kyoon Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Center for Metareceptome Research, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Chun
- College of Pharmacy and Center for Metareceptome Research, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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183
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Bahm I, Barriga EH, Frolov A, Theveneau E, Frankel P, Mayor R. PDGF controls contact inhibition of locomotion by regulating N-cadherin during neural crest migration. Development 2017; 144:2456-2468. [PMID: 28526750 PMCID: PMC5536867 DOI: 10.1242/dev.147926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A fundamental property of neural crest (NC) migration is contact inhibition of locomotion (CIL), a process by which cells change their direction of migration upon cell contact. CIL has been proven to be essential for NC migration in amphibians and zebrafish by controlling cell polarity in a cell contact-dependent manner. Cell contact during CIL requires the participation of the cell adhesion molecule N-cadherin, which starts to be expressed by NC cells as a consequence of the switch between E- and N-cadherins during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the mechanism that controls the upregulation of N-cadherin remains unknown. Here, we show that platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα) and its ligand platelet-derived growth factor A (PDGF-A) are co-expressed in migrating cranial NC. Inhibition of PDGF-A/PDGFRα blocks NC migration by inhibiting N-cadherin and, consequently, impairing CIL. Moreover, we identify phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT as a downstream effector of the PDGFRα cellular response during CIL. Our results lead us to propose PDGF-A/PDGFRα signalling as a tissue-autonomous regulator of CIL by controlling N-cadherin upregulation during EMT. Finally, we show that once NC cells have undergone EMT, the same PDGF-A/PDGFRα works as an NC chemoattractant, guiding their directional migration. Summary: PDGF-A and its receptor control Xenopus neural crest migration by promoting EMT and contact inhibition of locomotion, acting via N-cadherin regulation at early stages of development and working as chemoattractant later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Bahm
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Elias H Barriga
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.,London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Antonina Frolov
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Eric Theveneau
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Paul Frankel
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Roberto Mayor
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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184
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Ke Y, Bao T, Zhou Q, Wang Y, Ge J, Fu B, Wu X, Tang H, Shi Z, Lei X, Zhang C, Tan Y, Chen H, Guo Z, Wang L. Discs large homolog 5 decreases formation and function of invadopodia in human hepatocellular carcinoma via Girdin and Tks5. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:364-376. [PMID: 28390157 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Invadopodium formation is a crucial early event of invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying regulation of invadopodia remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of discs large homolog 5 (Dlg5) in invadopodium formation and function in HCC. We found that Dlg5 expression was significantly lower in human HCC tissues and cell lines than adjacent nontumor tissues and liver cells. Lower Dlg5 expression was associated with advanced stages of HCC, and poor overall and disease-free survival of HCC patients. Dlg5-silencing promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invadopodium formation, gelatin degradation function, and invadopodium-associated invasion of HepG2 cells. In contrast, Dlg5 overexpression inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition, functional invadopodium formation, and invasion of SK-Hep1 cells. Both Girdin and Tks5, but not the Tks5 nonphosphorylatable mutant, were responsible for the enhanced invadopodium formation and invasion of Dlg5-silenced HepG2 cells. Furthermore, Dlg5 interacted with Girdin and interfered with the interaction of Girdin and Tks5. Dlg5 silencing promoted Girdin and Tks5 phosphorylation, which was abrogated by Girdin silencing and rescued by inducing shRNA-resistant Girdin expression. Moreover, Dlg5 overexpression significantly inhibited HCC intrahepatic and lung metastasis in vivo. Taken together, our data indicate that Dlg5 acts as a novel regulator of invadopodium-associated invasion via Girdin and by interfering with the interaction between Girdin and Tks5, which might be important for Tks5 phosphorylation in HCC cells. Conceivably, Dlg5 may act as a new biomarker for prognosis of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ke
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Tianhao Bao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,The Mental Health Center of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qixin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiayun Ge
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Bimang Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xuesong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Haoran Tang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhitian Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xuefen Lei
- Deparment of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuqi Tan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Haotian Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhitang Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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185
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Eckert MA, Santiago-Medina M, Lwin TM, Kim J, Courtneidge SA, Yang J. ADAM12 induction by Twist1 promotes tumor invasion and metastasis via regulation of invadopodia and focal adhesions. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:2036-2048. [PMID: 28468988 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.198200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Twist1 transcription factor promotes tumor invasion and metastasis by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invadopodia-mediated extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. The critical transcription targets of Twist1 for mediating these events remain to be uncovered. Here, we report that Twist1 strongly induces expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 12 (ADAM12). We observed that the expression levels of Twist1 mRNA and ADAM12 mRNA are tightly correlated in human breast tumors. Knocking down ADAM12 blocked cell invasion in a 3D mammary organoid culture. Suppression of ADAM12 also inhibited Twist1-induced tumor invasion and metastasis in human breast tumor xenografts, without affecting primary tumor formation. Mechanistically, knockdown of ADAM12 in breast cancer cells significantly reduced invadopodia formation and matrix degradation, and simultaneously increased overall cell adhesion to the ECM. Live-imaging analysis showed that knockdown of ADAM12 significantly inhibited focal adhesion turnover. Mechanistically, both the disintegrin and metalloproteinase domains of ADAM12 are required for its function at invadopodia, whereas the metalloproteinase domain is dispensable for its function at focal adhesions. Taken together, these data suggest that ADAM12 plays a crucial role in tumor invasion and metastasis by regulating both invadopodia and focal adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Eckert
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0819, USA.,The Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0819, USA
| | - Miguel Santiago-Medina
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0819, USA
| | - Thinzar M Lwin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0819, USA
| | - Jihoon Kim
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0819, USA
| | - Sara A Courtneidge
- Departments of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, 2730 SW Moody Avenue, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0819, USA .,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0819, USA
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186
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Luo Y, Cui Y, Cao X, Li X, Chen A, Zhang J, Chen X, Cao J. 8-Bromo-7-methoxychrysin-blocked STAT3/Twist axis inhibits the stemness of cancer stem cell-like cell originated from SMMC-7721 cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2017; 49:458-464. [PMID: 28369327 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a member of the family of latent cytoplasmic transcriptional factors that could regulate cell proliferation, survival, and development. It has been reported that Twist is a target gene of STAT3, and STAT3/Twist signaling plays an important role in regulating cancer progress. Here, to explore whether 8-bromo-7-methoxychrysin (BrMC) inhibits liver cancer stem-like cell (LCSLC) properties via disrupting STAT3/Twist signaling, we cultured SMMC-7721 cells in vitro, and evaluated the effects of BrMC on the stemness of spheroids by determining the sphere-forming capability and migration. The sphere formation assay results showed a concentration-dependent decrease of sphere-forming capacity in LCSLCs (P < 0.05) treated with different concentrations of BrMC. Wound-healing assays results demonstrated a concentration-dependent decline in cell migration of LCSLCs treated with different concentrations of BrMC. In addition, CD133, CD44, and ALDH1 levels were decreased in LCSLCs treated with BrMC. Treatment with different concentrations of BrMC also reduced the expressions of p-STAT3 and Twist1 proteins. The effect of BrMC was substantially enhanced by co-treatment with JSI-124, a specific inhibitor of STAT3. Ectopic expression of Twist1 attenuated the inhibitory effects of BrMC on sphere formation, migration, and expression of the markers in LCSLCs. However, it had no affect on p-STAT3 expression in LCSLCs. These results demonstrated that BrMC inhibits the stemness of LCSLCs originated from SMMC-7721 cell line by inhibiting STAT3/Twist signal axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Luo
- Cancer Institute, Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, University of South China, engyang 421001, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Yinghong Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha410013, China
| | - Xiaocheng Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha410013, China
| | - A Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha410013, China
| | - Jiansong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha410013, China
| | - Xiangding Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Jianguo Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha410013, China
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187
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LPP is a Src substrate required for invadopodia formation and efficient breast cancer lung metastasis. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15059. [PMID: 28436416 PMCID: PMC5413977 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that lipoma preferred partner (LPP) mediates TGFβ-induced breast cancer cell migration and invasion. Herein, we demonstrate that diminished LPP expression reduces circulating tumour cell numbers, impairs cancer cell extravasation and diminishes lung metastasis. LPP localizes to invadopodia, along with Tks5/actin, at sites of matrix degradation and at the tips of extravasating breast cancer cells as revealed by intravital imaging of the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). Invadopodia formation, breast cancer cell extravasation and metastasis require an intact LPP LIM domain and the ability of LPP to interact with α-actinin. Finally, we show that Src-mediated LPP phosphorylation at specific tyrosine residues (Y245/301/302) is critical for invadopodia formation, breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Together, these data define a previously unknown function for LPP in the formation of invadopodia and reveal a requirement for LPP in mediating the metastatic ability of breast cancer cells.
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188
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Tumor Cell Invadopodia: Invasive Protrusions that Orchestrate Metastasis. Trends Cell Biol 2017; 27:595-607. [PMID: 28412099 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Invadopodia are a subset of invadosomes that are implicated in the integration of signals from the tumor microenvironment to support tumor cell invasion and dissemination. Recent progress has begun to define how tumor cells regulate the plasticity necessary for invadopodia to assemble and function efficiently in the different microenvironments encountered during dissemination in vivo. Exquisite mapping by many laboratories of the pathways involved in integrating diverse invadopodium initiation signals, from growth factors, to extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell-cell contact in the tumor microenvironment, has led to insight into the molecular basis of this plasticity. Here, we integrate this new information to discuss how the invadopodium is an important conductor that orchestrates tumor cell dissemination during metastasis.
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189
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Yang JC, Zhang Y, He SJ, Li MM, Cai XL, Wang H, Xu LM, Cao J. TM4SF1 Promotes Metastasis of Pancreatic Cancer via Regulating the Expression of DDR1. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45895. [PMID: 28368050 PMCID: PMC5377454 DOI: 10.1038/srep45895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane-4-L-six-family-1(TM4SF1), a four-transmembrane L6 family member, is highly expressed in various pancreatic cancer cell lines and promotes cancer cells metastasis. However, the TM4SF1-associated signaling network in metastasis remains unknown. In the present study, we found that TM4SF1 affected the formation and function of invadopodia. Silencing of TM4SF1 reduced the expression of DDR1 significantly in PANC-1 and AsPC-1 cells. Through double fluorescence immuno-staining and Co-immunoprecipitation, we also found that TM4SF1 colocalized with DDR1 and had an interaction with DDR1. In addition, upregulating the expression of DDR1 rescued the inhibitory effects of cell migration and invasion, the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 and the formation and function of invadopodia when TM4SF1 silenced. In pancreatic cancer tissues, qRT-PCR and scatter plots analysis further determined that TM4SF1 had a correlation with DDR1. Collectively, our study provides a novel regulatory pathway involving TM4SF1, DDR1, MMP2 and MMP9, which promotes the formation and function of invadopodia to support cell migration and invasion in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Chun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Si-Jia He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ming-Ming Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Lei-Ming Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jia Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
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190
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Epithelial, mesenchymal and hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotypes and their clinical relevance in cancer metastasis. Expert Rev Mol Med 2017; 19:e3. [PMID: 28322181 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2017.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis occurs through local invasion of circulating tumour cells (CTCs), intravasation, transportation to distant sites, and their extravasation followed by colonisation at secondary sites. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a normal developmental phenomenon, but its aberrant activation confers tumour cells with enhanced cell motility, metastatic properties, resistant to therapies and cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype in epithelium-derived carcinoma. Experimental studies from various research papers have been reviewed to determine the factors, which interlink cancer stemness and cellular plasticity with EMT. Although existence of CSCs has been linked with EMT, nevertheless, there are controversies with the involvement of type of tumour cells, including cells with E (epithelial) and M (mesenchymal) phenotype alone or hybrid E/M phenotype in different types of cancers. Studies on CTCs with hybrid E/M phenotypes during different stages of cancer metastasis reveal strong association with tumour -initiation potential, cellular plasticity and types of cancer cells. Cells with the hybrid E/M state are strictly controlled by phenotypic stability factors coupled to core EMT decision-making circuits, miR200/ZEB and miR-34/Snail. Understanding the regulatory functions of EMT program in cancer metastasis can help us to characterise the biomarkers of prognostic and therapeutic potential. These biomarkers when targeted may act as metastatic suppressors, inhibit cellular plasticity and stemness ability of tumour cells and can block metastatic growth.
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191
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REST is a crucial regulator for acquiring EMT-like and stemness phenotypes in hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42795. [PMID: 28256535 PMCID: PMC5335619 DOI: 10.1038/srep42795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Castration-resistance prostate cancer (CRPC), also known as hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC), requires immediate attention since it is not only resistant to androgen ablation, chemo- and radiotherapy, but also highly metastatic. Increasing evidence suggests that enrichment of neuroendocrine (NE) cells is associated with CRPC. Here, combined RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analysis reveals that REST is involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness acquisition in NE differentiated prostate cancer (PCa) cells via direct transcriptional repression of Twist1 and CD44. Specifically we show that short-term knockdown of REST induces NE differentiation of LNCaP cells. Long-term REST knockdown enhanced the expression of Twist1 and CD44, cell migration and sphere formation. Overexpression of REST in hormone-refractory CWR22Rv1 PCa cells significantly reduces Twist1 and CD44 expression, cell migration and sphere formation. Collectively, our study uncovers REST in regulating EMT and stemness properties of NE PCa cells and suggests that REST is a potential therapeutic target for CRPC.
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192
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Shi ZM, Wang L, Shen H, Jiang CF, Ge X, Li DM, Wen YY, Sun HR, Pan MH, Li W, Shu YQ, Liu LZ, Peiper SC, He J, Jiang BH. Downregulation of miR-218 contributes to epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor metastasis in lung cancer by targeting Slug/ZEB2 signaling. Oncogene 2017; 36:2577-2588. [PMID: 28192397 PMCID: PMC5422710 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been recognized as a key element of cell migration and invasion in lung cancer; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Recently, emerging evidence suggest that miRNAs have crucial roles in control of EMT and EMT-associated traits such as migration, invasion and chemoresistance. Here, we found that miR-218 expression levels were significantly downregulated in lung cancer tissues compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissues, and the levels of miR-218 were significantly associated with histological grades and lymph node metastasis. Overexpression of miR-218 inhibited cell migration and invasion as well as the EMT process. Of particular importance, miR-218 was involved in the metastatic process of lung cancer cells in vivo by suppressing local invasion and distant colonization. We identified Slug and ZEB2 as direct functional targets of miR-218. Inverse correlations were observed between miR-218 levels and Slug/ZEB2 levels in cancer tissue samples. In addition, overexpression of miR-218 in H1299 increased chemosensitivity of cells to cisplatin treatment through suppression of Slug and ZEB2. These findings highlight an important role of miR-218 in the regulation of EMT-related traits and metastasis of lung cancer in part by modulation of Slug/ZEB2 signaling, and provide a potential therapeutic strategy by targeting miR-218 in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z-M Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - L Wang
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - H Shen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - C-F Jiang
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - X Ge
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - D-M Li
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y-Y Wen
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - H-R Sun
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - M-H Pan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - W Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Y-Q Shu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - L-Z Liu
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - S C Peiper
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J He
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - B-H Jiang
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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193
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The anti-tumor activities of Neferine on cell invasion and oxaliplatin sensitivity regulated by EMT via Snail signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41616. [PMID: 28134289 PMCID: PMC5278559 DOI: 10.1038/srep41616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor invasion and chemotherapy resistance, which are associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), remain as major challenges in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. Neferine, a natural component of Nelumbo nucifera, have been proven the antitumor efficiency in cancer, but the effects of Neferine on HCC invasion and chemosensitivity need to be elucidated. Applying multiple assays of cell proliferation, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining, qRT-PCR, Western blot, fluorescence molecular tomography imaging, the influences of Neferine on EMT-regulated viability, apoptosis, invasion, and oxaliplatin (OXA) sensitivity were assessed in HCC cells of HepG2 and Bel-7402, as well as in xenograft animal models in vivo. Here, we reported that Neferine had no obvious effects on HCC cells proliferation, but significantly enhanced cytotoxicity and apoptosis caused by OXA in vitro and in vivo. Through an upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of Vimentin, Snail and N-cadherin, Neferine suppressed EMT-induced migration and invasion abilities of HCC cells. TGF-β1 cancelled the effects of Neferine on the migration and invasion of HCC cells. Snail overexpression or TGF-β1-induced EMT attenuated Neferine-mediated OXA sensitization in HCC. Together, our data suggest that Neferine enhances oxaliplatin sensitivity through an inhibition of EMT in HCC cells. Neferine may be used as an OXA sensitizer in HCC chemotherapy.
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194
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Jiang X, Guo D, Li W, Yu T, Zhou J, Gong J. Combination Twist1 and CA15-3 in axillary lymph nodes for breast cancer prognosis. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:1123-1134. [PMID: 28112378 PMCID: PMC5367340 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Twist1 overexpression is involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition resulting in migration and metastasis of breast cancer. Carcinoma antigen 15–3 (CA15-3) is widely used to monitor the prognosis for patients after treatment. However, the significance of Twist1 in axillary lymph nodes (ALN) and CA15-3 for co-examination for survival rates remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to explore the role of the combination of Twist1 expression in metastasized ALN and the serum level of CA15-3 in evaluating the prognosis of patients with breast cancer. cluster of differentiation (CD)44, CD24, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)1 and Twist1 expression in normal and metastasized ALN from 102 patients with breast cancer were detected using laser confocal microscopy and the expression of the genes evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction; E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin expression was also tested by western blotting. The serum concentrations of CA15-3 prior to and following surgery were analyzed by chemiluminescence immunoassay. The expression of CD44, ALDH1 and Twist1 mRNA in the primary breast cancer tissues and involved ALN was upregulated compared with the normal ALN (P<0.05). The proteins N-cadherin and vimentin of the involved ALN were poorly expressed compared with breast cancer tissues, however E-cadherin protein expression was higher in metastasized and normal ALN compared with primary cancer tissues (P<0.05). Of the 102 patients, the serum CA15-3 levels of the patients in stages I and II were significantly lower compared with stages III and IV (P<0.05). Twist1+/CA15-3+, HER2-negative/Twist1+/CA15-3+ and Triple-receptor negative/Twist1+/CA15-3+ groups displayed a shorter progression-free survival compared with others. The results of the present study demonstrated that CD44, ALDH1 and Twist1 were significantly overexpressed in involved ALN. The serum levels of CA15-3 in those patients were clearly increased and the survival rates decreased, which suggested that a combination of Twist1 in ALN and CA15-3 may function as an indicator for the prognosis of patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Dan Guo
- Department of Breast Gland Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Wenfang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Tianwu Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Yong Chuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Yong Chuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
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195
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EP4 receptor promotes invadopodia and invasion in human breast cancer. Eur J Cell Biol 2017; 96:218-226. [PMID: 28094049 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is elevated in human breast cancer cells. The abnormal expression of COX-2, which is involved in the synthesis of PGE2, was recently reported as a critical determinant for invasiveness of human breast cancer cells. Autocrine and paracrine PGE2-mediated stimulation of the PGE2 receptor EP4 transduces multiple signaling pathways leading to diverse patho-physiological effects, including tumor cell invasion and metastasis. It is known that PGE2-induced EP4 activation can transactivate the intracellular signaling pathway of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In malignant cancer cells, EGFR pathway activation promotes invadopodia protrusions, which further leads to degradation of the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). Despite the known influence of EP4 on the EGFR signaling pathway, the effect of EP4 stimulation on invadopodia formation in human breast cancer was never tested directly. Here we demonstrate the involvement of EP4 in invasion and its effect on invadopodia in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells using 2D invadopodia and 3D invasion in vitro assays as well as intravital microscopy. The results show that stimulation with the selective EP4 agonist CAY10598 or PGE2 promotes invadopodia-mediated degradation of the ECM, as well as the invasion of breast cancer cells in in vitro models. The effect on matrix degradation can be abrogated via direct inhibition of EP4 signaling as well as via inhibition of EGFR tyrosine kinase, indicating that EP4-mediated effects on invadopodia-driven degradation are EGFR dependent. Finally, using xenograft mouse models, we show that short-term systemic treatment with CAY10598 results in a >9-fold increase in the number of invadopodia. These findings highlight the importance of further investigation on the role of EP4-EGFR crosstalk in invadopodia formation.
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196
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Ekpe-Adewuyi E, Lopez-Campistrous A, Tang X, Brindley DN, McMullen TPW. Platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha mediates nodal metastases in papillary thyroid cancer by driving the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncotarget 2016; 7:83684-83700. [PMID: 27845909 PMCID: PMC5347797 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently platelet derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFRα) was recognized as a potential target to treat aggressive papillary thyroid cancer given its strong association with lymph node metastases. However, it is unclear how PDGFRα potentiates metastases and if it works through the canonical MAPK pathway traditionally linked to PTC oncogenesis. We explored the phenotypic changes driven by PDGFRα activation in human papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cells and the downstream signalling cascades through which they are effected. We demonstrate that PDGFRα drives an impressive phenotypic change in PTC cell lines as documented by significant cytoskeletal rearrangement, increased migratory potential, and the formation of invadopodia. Cells lacking PDGFRα formed compact and dense spheroids, whereas cells expressing active PDGFRα exhibited invadopodia in three-dimensional culture. To achieve this, active PDGFRα provoked downstream activation of the MAPK/Erk, PI3K/Akt and STAT3 pathways. We further confirmed the role of PDGFRα as a transformative agent promoting the epithelial to mesenchymal transition of PTC cells, through the augmentation of Snail and Slug expression. Crenolanib, a small molecule inhibitor of PDGFRα, suppressed the levels of Snail and Slug and almost completely reversed all the phenotypic changes. We demonstrate that PDGFRα activation is an essential component that drives aggressiveness in PTC cells, and that the signaling pathways are complex, involving not only the MAPK/Erk but also the PI3K/Akt and STAT3 pathways. This argues for upstream targeting of the PDGFRα given the redundancy of oncogenic pathways in PTC, especially in patients whose tumors over-express this tyrosine kinase receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiaoyun Tang
- Signal Transduction Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - David N. Brindley
- Signal Transduction Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Todd P. W. McMullen
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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197
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Yeung KT, Yang J. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tumor metastasis. Mol Oncol 2016; 11:28-39. [PMID: 28085222 PMCID: PMC5242415 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 479] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a developmental program that enables stationary epithelial cells to gain the ability to migrate and invade as single cells. Tumor cells reactivate EMT to acquire molecular alterations that enable the partial loss of epithelial features and partial gain of a mesenchymal phenotype. Our understanding of the contribution of EMT to tumor invasion, migration, and metastatic outgrowth has evolved over the past decade. In this review, we provide a summary of both historic and recent studies on the role of EMT in the metastatic cascade from various experimental systems, including cancer cell lines, genetic mouse tumor models, and clinical human breast cancer tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay T Yeung
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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198
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Leconet W, Chentouf M, du Manoir S, Chevalier C, Sirvent A, Aït-Arsa I, Busson M, Jarlier M, Radosevic-Robin N, Theillet C, Chalbos D, Pasquet JM, Pèlegrin A, Larbouret C, Robert B. Therapeutic Activity of Anti-AXL Antibody against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts and Metastasis. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:2806-2816. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-1316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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199
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Prometastatic mechanisms of CAF-mediated EMT regulation in pancreatic cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2016; 50:121-128. [PMID: 27878234 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis are accompanied by the EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition)-MET (mesenchymal-epithelial transition) two-step process. In this study, we investigated the importance of cancer associated fibroblasts (CAF) in the process. First, the primary cultures of isolated pancreatic CAF, fibroblasts of normal pancreatic tissues (NF), and normal hepatic stellate cells (HSF) were identified and verified via the expression of α-SMA and vimentin. Using an indirect three-dimensional co-culture model, the morphological changes were observed by light microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy. The invasive and migration capacity of pancreatic cancer cells was determined by Transwell chamber migration assay or scratch assay. The mRNA and protein expression levels of E-cadherin, vimentin, and Gli1 were determined by RT-PCR and western blotting. Primary cultures of isolated CAF, NF, HSF showed satisfactory growth with active proliferation. Indirect co-culture with CAF, BxPc-3 and Panc-1 cells showed significant partial EMT, reduced E-cadherin expression, and enhanced vimentin expression as compared with the single culture and NF/HSF co-culture groups, with corresponding increases in migratory and invasive capacities. PCR and western blotting results showed that mRNA and protein expression levels of Gli1 in CAF and Snail in cancer cells were increased. This process could be reversed by inhibition of hedgehog (HH) signaling in CAF. In the tumor microenvironment, activation of CAF is the key event in mediating partial EMT, and its mechanism may be associated with paracrine action after activation of HH signaling in CAF.
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200
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Ovol2 gene inhibits the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in lung adenocarcinoma by transcriptionally repressing Twist1. Gene 2016; 600:1-8. [PMID: 27884772 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associated with recent achievements in therapy for advanced lung adenocarcinoma, there will still be an unmet medical need for effective treatment of stage IIIb/IV, and the prognosis of lung cancer is not optimistic till now. OBJECTIVE In order to obtain some essential evidences for a potential targeted therapy in lung adenocarcinoma, the effects of Ovol2 gene on Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) was observed and the probable mechanisms were analyzed. METHODS Ovol2 expression was previously evaluated by immunochemistry in lung adenocarcinoma tissue, and Ovol2 was overexpressed by lentivirus infection in A549 cells. Subsequently, the migration and invasion ability of A549 cells was tested by Transwell and Wound healing experiments. The mRNA level of genes correlated to EMT was detected by Real-time PCR, and the expression of reasonable makers was probed by Western Blot. Finally, rescue experiment, Luciferase assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay were performed to explore the probable mechanisms. RESULTS After treated with Ovol2 overexpression, the expression level of E-cadherin was increased, while the expression level of Vimentin and Twist1 was declined not only in the mRNA level but also in the protein level. Moreover, we found that Ovol2 represses transcription of Twist1 by binding to its promoter directly. Wound healing and Transwell assays indicate that the migration and invasion ability were downregulated by Ovol2 in A549 cells. CONCLUSION Ovol2 can suppress migration and invasion ability of A549 cells, and prevent EMT by inhibition of Twist1 transcription directly.
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