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Malmuthuge N, Griebel PJ. A Novel Animal Model for Regional Microbial Dysbiosis of the Pioneer Microbial Community. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1706. [PMID: 31396198 PMCID: PMC6668574 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pioneer microbiota colonizing the newborn gastrointestinal tract has long-lasting effects on host health. Restoration of the gut microbial community, following dysbiosis during the neonatal period, may be one strategy to prevent undesirable health outcomes linked to an altered neonatal gut microbiome. Without appropriate animal models that recreate the prolonged human neonatal developmental period it is not possible to effectively analyze interventions designed to restore regional microbial populations. Our study used a lamb model in which intestinal segments were surgically isolated (blind-ended) in fetal lambs to create early microbial dysbiosis by delaying post-natal exposure to intestinal ingesta. Intestinal segments isolated in utero retained blood flow, innervation, and lymphatic drainage through the mesenteric attachment. Continuity of the fetal gastro-intestinal tract was re-established by side-to-side anastomosis of intestine proximal and distal to each isolated intestinal segment. Microbial restoration was then implemented in neonatal lambs by reconnecting a portion of the in utero isolated intestinal segments to adjacent intestinal tract 1 and 7 days after birth. Bacterial communities colonizing the adjacent intestine, in utero isolated intestinal segments, and reconnected intestinal segments were profiled using 16S amplicon sequencing on days 1, 7, and 56 of age. The in utero isolated intestinal segments were colonized 1 day after birth but the density of active bacteria was reduced and community composition altered when compared to adjacent intestine. Proteobacteria dominated the adjacent small intestine at early time points (day 1 and day 7) with a shift to primarily Firmicutes on day 56, consistent with establishment of an anaerobic bacterial community. In contrast, Proteobacteria persisted as the predominant community for 56 days in the in utero isolated intestinal segments. There was, however, almost full restoration of the microbial community composition in the in utero isolated intestinal segments following reconnection to the adjacent intestine. The density of beneficial bacteria, especially Bifidobacterium, remained significantly lower in the reconnected intestinal segments at 56 days when compared to adjacent intestine. Post-natal persistence of a stable pioneer community (Proteobacteria) in the in utero isolated intestinal segments provides a model system to study the temporal effects of regional microbial dysbiosis throughout a prolonged neonatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilusha Malmuthuge
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Philip J. Griebel
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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152
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Wu L, Zeng T, Zinellu A, Rubino S, Kelvin DJ, Carru C. A Cross-Sectional Study of Compositional and Functional Profiles of Gut Microbiota in Sardinian Centenarians. mSystems 2019; 4:4/4/e00325-19. [PMID: 31289141 PMCID: PMC6616150 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00325-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sardinia, Italy, has a high prevalence of residents who live more than 100 years. The reasons for longevity in this isolated region are currently unknown. Gut microbiota may hold a clue. To explore the role gut microbiota may play in healthy aging and longevity, we used metagenomic sequencing to determine the compositional and functional differences in gut microbiota associated with populations of different ages in Sardinia. Our data revealed that the gut microbiota of both young and elderly Sardinians shared similar taxonomic and functional profiles. A different pattern was found in centenarians. Within the centenarian group, the gut microbiota was correlated with the functional independence measurement of the host. Centenarians had a higher diversity of core microbiota species and microbial genes than those in the young and elderly. We found that the gut microbiota in Sardinian centenarians displayed a rearranged taxonomic pattern compared with those of the young and elderly, featured by depletion of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Eubacterium rectale and enriched for Methanobrevibacter smithii and Bifidobacterium adolescentis Moreover, functional analysis revealed that the microbiota in centenarians had high capacity for central metabolism, especially glycolysis and fermentation to short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), although the gut microbiota in centenarians was low in genes encoding enzymes involved in degradation of carbohydrates, including fibers and galactose.IMPORTANCE The gut microbiota has been proposed as a promising determinant for human health. Centenarians as a model for extreme aging may help us understand the correlation of gut microbiota with healthy aging and longevity. Here we confirmed that centenarians had microbiota elements usually associated with benefits to health. Our finding of a high capacity of glycolysis and related SCFA production represented a healthy microbiome and environment that is regarded as beneficial for host gut epithelium. The low abundance of genes encoding components of pathways involved in carbohydrate degradation was also found in the gut microbiota of Sardinian centenarians and is often associated with poor gut health. Overall, our study here represents an expansion of previous research investigating the age-related changes in gut microbiota. Furthermore, our study provides a new prospective for potential targets for gut microbiota intervention directed at limiting gut inflammation and pathology and enhancing a healthy gut barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wu
- Division of Immunology, International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Tiansheng Zeng
- Division of Immunology, International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Rubino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - David J Kelvin
- Division of Immunology, International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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153
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Soverini M, Turroni S, Biagi E, Brigidi P, Candela M, Rampelli S. HumanMycobiomeScan: a new bioinformatics tool for the characterization of the fungal fraction in metagenomic samples. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:496. [PMID: 31202277 PMCID: PMC6570844 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5883-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Modern metagenomic analysis of complex microbial communities produces large amounts of sequence data containing information on the microbiome in terms of bacterial, archaeal, viral and eukaryotic composition. The bioinformatics tools available are mainly devoted to profiling the bacterial and viral fractions and only a few software packages consider fungi. As the human fungal microbiome (human mycobiome) can play an important role in the onset and progression of diseases, a comprehensive description of host-microbiota interactions cannot ignore this component. Results HumanMycobiomeScan is a bioinformatics tool for the taxonomic profiling of the mycobiome directly from raw data of next-generation sequencing. The tool uses hierarchical databases of fungi in order to unambiguously assign reads to fungal species more accurately and > 10,000 times faster than other comparable approaches. HumanMycobiomeScan was validated using in silico generated synthetic communities and then applied to metagenomic data, to characterize the intestinal fungal components in subjects adhering to different subsistence strategies. Conclusions Although blind to unknown species, HumanMycobiomeScan allows the characterization of the fungal fraction of complex microbial ecosystems with good performance in terms of sample denoising from reads belonging to other microorganisms. HumanMycobiomeScan is most appropriate for well-studied microbiomes, for which most of the fungal species have been fully sequenced. This released version is functionally implemented to work with human-associated microbiota samples. In combination with other microbial profiling tools, HumanMycobiomeScan is a frugal and efficient tool for comprehensive characterization of microbial ecosystems through shotgun metagenomics sequencing. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5883-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Soverini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Unit of Microbial Ecology of Health, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Unit of Microbial Ecology of Health, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Biagi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Unit of Microbial Ecology of Health, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Unit of Microbial Ecology of Health, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Candela
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Unit of Microbial Ecology of Health, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Rampelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Unit of Microbial Ecology of Health, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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154
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Brewster R, Tamburini FB, Asiimwe E, Oduaran O, Hazelhurst S, Bhatt AS. Surveying Gut Microbiome Research in Africans: Toward Improved Diversity and Representation. Trends Microbiol 2019; 27:824-835. [PMID: 31178123 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Descriptive and translational investigations into the human gut microbiome (GM) are rapidly expanding; however, studies are largely restricted to industrialized populations in the USA and Europe. Little is known about microbial variability and its implications for health and disease in other parts of the world. Populations in Africa are particularly underrepresented. What limited research has been performed has focused on a few subject domains, including the impact of long-term lifestyle and dietary factors on GM ecology, its maturation during infancy, and the interrelationships between the microbiome, infectious disease, and undernutrition. Recently, international consortia have laid the groundwork for large-scale genomics and microbiome studies on the continent, with a particular interest in the epidemiologic transition to noncommunicable disease. Here, we survey the current landscape of GM scholarship in Africa and propose actionable recommendations to improve research capacity and output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Brewster
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Edgar Asiimwe
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ovokeraye Oduaran
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Scott Hazelhurst
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Ami S Bhatt
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Medicine (Hematology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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155
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156
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Brooks AW. How could ethnicity-associated microbiomes contribute to personalized therapies? Future Microbiol 2019; 14:451-455. [PMID: 31033343 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2019-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Brooks
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232 USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232 USA
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157
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Gut resistome plasticity in pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5649. [PMID: 30948795 PMCID: PMC6449395 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42222-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome of pediatric patients undergoing allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has recently been considered as a potential reservoir of antimicrobial resistance, with important implications in terms of patient mortality rate. By means of shotgun metagenomics, here we explored the dynamics of the gut resistome - i.e. the pattern of antibiotic resistance genes provided by the gut microbiome - in eight pediatric patients undergoing HSCT, half of whom developed acute Graft-versus-Host Disease (aGvHD). According to our findings, the patients developing aGvHD are characterized by post-HSCT expansion of their gut resistome, involving the acquisition of new resistances, as well as the consolidation of those already present before HSCT. Interestingly, the aGvHD-associated bloom in resistome diversity is not limited to genes coding for resistance to the antibiotics administered along the therapeutic course, but rather involves a broad pattern of different resistance classes, including multidrug resistance, as well as resistance to macrolides, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines and beta-lactams. Our data stress the relevance of mapping the gut resistome in HSCT pediatric patients to define the most appropriate anti-infective treatment post HSCT.
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158
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Wu J, Mao C, Deng Y, Guo Z, Liu G, Xu L, Bei L, Su Y, Feng J. Diversity and abundance of antibiotic resistance of bacteria during the seedling period in marine fish cage-culture areas of Hainan, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 141:343-349. [PMID: 30955742 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has become an important focus of research in the aquaculture environment. However, few studies have evaluated antibiotic resistance during the seedling period in marine fish cage-culture areas. In this study, culture-dependent methods and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to identify and detect cultivable heterotrophic antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), respectively, during the seedling period in a marine fish cage-culture areas of Hainan, China. Bacterial resistance to amoxicillin, erythromycin, and gentamicin was generally high (average on 27.67%, 23.61% and 37.32%, respectively), whereas resistance to furazolidone and nitrofurantoin was generally low (average on 0.14% and 7.425%). Alteromonas (32.72%) and Vibrio (24.77%) were the dominant genus of ARB. Most ARB were opportunistic pathogens, belonging to the phylum Proteobacteria (96.02%). The abundance of sul family genes was higher than that of tet family genes. Overall, the abundance of ARGs and the resistance rates in HW was highest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjun Wu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; College of Aqua-life Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Can Mao
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; College of Aqua-life Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqin Deng
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Zhixun Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Guangfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Liwen Xu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Lei Bei
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; College of Aqua-life Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youlu Su
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China.
| | - Juan Feng
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China.
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159
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Nayfach S, Shi ZJ, Seshadri R, Pollard KS, Kyrpides NC. New insights from uncultivated genomes of the global human gut microbiome. Nature 2019; 568:505-510. [PMID: 30867587 PMCID: PMC6784871 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1058-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 376] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The genome sequences of many species of the human gut microbiome remain unknown, largely owing to challenges in cultivating microorganisms under laboratory conditions. Here we address this problem by reconstructing 60,664 draft prokaryotic genomes from 3,810 faecal metagenomes, from geographically and phenotypically diverse humans. These genomes provide reference points for 2,058 newly identified species-level operational taxonomic units (OTUs), which represents a 50% increase over the previously known phylogenetic diversity of sequenced gut bacteria. On average, the newly identified OTUs comprise 33% of richness and 28% of species abundance per individual, and are enriched in humans from rural populations. A meta-analysis of clinical gut-microbiome studies pinpointed numerous disease associations for the newly identified OTUs, which have the potential to improve predictive models. Finally, our analysis revealed that uncultured gut species have undergone genome reduction that has resulted in the loss of certain biosynthetic pathways, which may offer clues for improving cultivation strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Nayfach
- United States Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA.
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Zhou Jason Shi
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rekha Seshadri
- United States Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Katherine S Pollard
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Quantitative Biology Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nikos C Kyrpides
- United States Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, USA.
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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160
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Xia Y, Zhu Y, Li Q, Lu J. Human gut resistome can be country-specific. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6389. [PMID: 30923648 PMCID: PMC6431545 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance have become emerging threats to human health. The human gut is a large reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes. The gut resistome may be influenced by many factors, but the consumption of antibiotics at both individual and country level should be one of the most significant factors. Previous studies have suggested that the gut resistome of different populations may vary, but lack quantitative characterization supported with relatively large datasets. In this study, we filled the gap by analyzing a large gut resistome dataset of 1,267 human gut samples of America, China, Denmark, and Spain. We built a stacking machine-learning model to determine whether the gut resistome can act as the sole feature to identify the nationality of an individual reliably. It turned out that the machine learning method could successfully identify American, Chinese, Danish, and Spanish populations with F1 score of 0.964, 0.987, 0.971, and 0.986, respectively. Our finding does highlight the significant differences in the composition of the gut resistome among different nationalities. Our study should be valuable for policy-makers to look into the influences of country-specific factors of the human gut resistome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xia
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yanshan Zhu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qier Li
- School of Mathematics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahai Lu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- One Health Center of Excellence for Research & Training, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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161
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Salvucci E. The human-microbiome superorganism and its modulation to restore health. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019; 70:781-795. [DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2019.1580682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Salvucci
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC-CONICET-UNC), Córdoba, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba
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162
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Moossavi S, Bishehsari F. Microbes: possible link between modern lifestyle transition and the rise of metabolic syndrome. Obes Rev 2019; 20:407-419. [PMID: 30548384 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The rapid decrease in infectious diseases globally has coincided with an increase in the prevalence of obesity and other components of metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance is a common feature of metabolic syndrome and can be influenced by genetic and non-genetic/environmental factors. The emergence of metabolic syndrome epidemics over only a few decades suggests a more prominent role of the latter. Changes in our environment and lifestyle have indeed paralleled the rise in metabolic syndrome. Gastrointestinal tract microbiota, the composition of which plays a significant role in host physiology, including metabolism and energy homeostasis, are distinctly different within the context of metabolic syndrome. Among humans, recent lifestyle-related changes could be linked to changes in diversity and composition of 'ancient' microbiota. Given the co-adaptation and co-evolution of microbiota with the immune system over a long period of time, it is plausible that such lifestyle-related microbiota changes could trigger aberrant immune responses, thereby predisposing an individual to a variety of diseases. Here, we review current evidence supporting a role for gut microbiota in the ongoing rise of metabolic syndrome. We conclude that population-level shifts in microbiota can play a mediatory role between lifestyle factors and pathogenesis of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Moossavi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - F Bishehsari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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163
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De Filippis F, Pasolli E, Tett A, Tarallo S, Naccarati A, De Angelis M, Neviani E, Cocolin L, Gobbetti M, Segata N, Ercolini D. Distinct Genetic and Functional Traits of Human Intestinal Prevotella copri Strains Are Associated with Different Habitual Diets. Cell Host Microbe 2019; 25:444-453.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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164
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Lokmer A, Cian A, Froment A, Gantois N, Viscogliosi E, Chabé M, Ségurel L. Use of shotgun metagenomics for the identification of protozoa in the gut microbiota of healthy individuals from worldwide populations with various industrialization levels. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211139. [PMID: 30726303 PMCID: PMC6364966 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Protozoa have long been considered undesirable residents of the human gut, but recent findings suggest that some of them may positively affect the gut ecosystem. To better understand the role and ecological dynamics of these commensal and potentially beneficial protozoan symbionts, we need efficient methods to detect them, as well as accurate estimates of their prevalence across human populations. Metagenomics provides such an opportunity, allowing simultaneous detection of multiple symbionts in a single analytical procedure. In this study, we collected fecal samples of 68 individuals from three Cameroonian populations with different subsistence modes and compared metagenomics-based and targeted methods of detection for two common protozoan genera: Blastocystis and Entamoeba. In addition, we analyzed our data along with publicly available fecal metagenomes from various worldwide populations to explore the prevalence and association patterns of ten protozoan genera. Regarding the detection method, microscopy was much less sensitive than metagenomics for Entamoeba, whereas qPCR was at least as sensitive as metagenomics for Blastocystis sp. However, metagenomics was more likely to detect co-colonizations by multiple subtypes. Out of the ten examined genera in 127 individuals from Cameroon, Tanzania, Peru, Italy or USA, only three (Blastocystis, Entamoeba and Enteromonas) had an overall prevalence exceeding 10%. All three genera were more common in less industrialized populations and their prevalence differed between continents and subsistence modes, albeit not in a straightforward manner. The majority (72.5%) of colonized individuals carried at least two protozoan species, indicating that mixed-species colonizations are common. In addition, we detected only positive and no negative association patterns between different protozoa. Despite the pitfalls of the metagenomic approach, ranging from the availability of good-quality sequencing data to the lack of standard analytical procedures, we demonstrated its utility in simultaneous detection of multiple protozoan genera, and especially its ability to efficiently detect mixed-species colonizations. Our study corroborates and expands prevalence results previously obtained for Blastocystis sp. and provides novel data for Entamoeba spp. and several other protozoan genera. Furthermore, it indicates that multiple protozoa are common residents of the healthy human gut worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lokmer
- UMR7206 Eco-anthropologie et Ethnobiologie, CNRS—MNHN—Univ Paris Diderot—Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Amandine Cian
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 –UMR 8204 –CIIL–Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Alain Froment
- UMR7206 Eco-anthropologie et Ethnobiologie, CNRS—MNHN—Univ Paris Diderot—Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Nausicaa Gantois
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 –UMR 8204 –CIIL–Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Eric Viscogliosi
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 –UMR 8204 –CIIL–Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Magali Chabé
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 –UMR 8204 –CIIL–Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Laure Ségurel
- UMR7206 Eco-anthropologie et Ethnobiologie, CNRS—MNHN—Univ Paris Diderot—Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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165
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Adak A, Khan MR. An insight into gut microbiota and its functionalities. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:473-493. [PMID: 30317530 PMCID: PMC11105460 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2943-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 529] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota has evolved along with their hosts and is an integral part of the human body. Microbiota acquired at birth develops in parallel as the host develops and maintains its temporal stability and diversity through adulthood until death. Recent developments in genome sequencing technologies, bioinformatics and culturomics have enabled researchers to explore the microbiota and in particular their functions at more detailed level than before. The accumulated evidences suggest that though a part of the microbiota is conserved, the dynamic members vary along the gastrointestinal tract, from infants to elderly, primitive tribes to modern societies and in different health conditions. Though the gut microbiota is dynamic, it performs some basic functions in the immunological, metabolic, structural and neurological landscapes of the human body. Gut microbiota also exerts significant influence on both physical and mental health of an individual. An in-depth understanding of the functioning of gut microbiota has led to some very exciting developments in therapeutics, such as prebiotics, probiotics, drugs and faecal transplantation leading to improved health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Adak
- Molecular Biology and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Life Science Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Guwahati, India
| | - Mojibur R Khan
- Molecular Biology and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Life Science Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Guwahati, India.
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166
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Megaphages infect Prevotella and variants are widespread in gut microbiomes. Nat Microbiol 2019; 4:693-700. [PMID: 30692672 PMCID: PMC6784885 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-018-0338-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bacteriophages (phages) dramatically shape microbial community composition, redistribute nutrients via host lysis and drive evolution through horizontal gene transfer. Despite their importance, much remains to be learned about phages in the human microbiome. We investigated the gut microbiomes of humans from Bangladesh and Tanzania, two African baboon social groups and Danish pigs; many of these microbiomes contain phages belonging to a clade with genomes >540 kilobases in length, the largest yet reported in the human microbiome and close to the maximum size ever reported for phages. We refer to these as Lak phages. CRISPR spacer targeting indicates that Lak phages infect bacteria of the genus Prevotella. We manually curated to completion 15 distinct Lak phage genomes recovered from metagenomes. The genomes display several interesting features, including use of an alternative genetic code, large intergenic regions that are highly expressed and up to 35 putative transfer RNAs, some of which contain enigmatic introns. Different individuals have distinct phage genotypes, and shifts in variant frequencies over consecutive sampling days reflect changes in the relative abundance of phage subpopulations. Recent homologous recombination has resulted in extensive genome admixture of nine baboon Lak phage populations. We infer that Lak phages are widespread in gut communities that contain the Prevotella species, and conclude that megaphages, with fascinating and underexplored biology, may be common but largely overlooked components of human and animal gut microbiomes.
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167
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Tamames J, Puente-Sánchez F. SqueezeMeta, A Highly Portable, Fully Automatic Metagenomic Analysis Pipeline. Front Microbiol 2019; 9:3349. [PMID: 30733714 PMCID: PMC6353838 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The improvement of sequencing technologies has facilitated generalization of metagenomic sequencing, which has become a standard procedure for analyzing the structure and functionality of microbiomes. Bioinformatic analysis of sequencing results poses a challenge because it involves many different complex steps. SqueezeMeta is a fully automatic pipeline for metagenomics/metatranscriptomics, covering all steps of the analysis. SqueezeMeta includes multi-metagenome support that enables co-assembly of related metagenomes and retrieval of individual genomes via binning procedures. SqueezeMeta features several unique characteristics: co-assembly procedure or co-assembly of unlimited number of metagenomes via merging of individual assembled metagenomes, both with read mapping for estimation of the abundances of genes in each metagenome. It also includes binning and bin checking for retrieving individual genomes. Internal checks for the assembly and binning steps provide information about the consistency of contigs and bins. Moreover, results are stored in a MySQL database, where they can be easily exported and shared, and can be inspected anywhere using a flexible web interface that allows simple creation of complex queries. We illustrate the potential of SqueezeMeta by analyzing 32 gut metagenomes in a fully automatic way, enabling retrieval of several million genes and several hundreds of genomic bins. One of the motivations in the development of SqueezeMeta was producing a software capable of running in small desktop computers and thus amenable to all users and settings. We were also able to co-assemble two of these metagenomes and complete the full analysis in less than one day using a simple laptop computer. This reveals the capacity of SqueezeMeta to run without high-performance computing infrastructure and in absence of any network connectivity. It is therefore adequate for in situ, real time analysis of metagenomes produced by nanopore sequencing. SqueezeMeta can be downloaded from https://github.com/jtamames/SqueezeMeta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Tamames
- Department of Systems Biology, Spanish Center for Biotechnology, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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168
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Pasolli E, Asnicar F, Manara S, Zolfo M, Karcher N, Armanini F, Beghini F, Manghi P, Tett A, Ghensi P, Collado MC, Rice BL, DuLong C, Morgan XC, Golden CD, Quince C, Huttenhower C, Segata N. Extensive Unexplored Human Microbiome Diversity Revealed by Over 150,000 Genomes from Metagenomes Spanning Age, Geography, and Lifestyle. Cell 2019; 176:649-662.e20. [PMID: 30661755 PMCID: PMC6349461 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 814] [Impact Index Per Article: 162.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The body-wide human microbiome plays a role in health, but its full diversity remains uncharacterized, particularly outside of the gut and in international populations. We leveraged 9,428 metagenomes to reconstruct 154,723 microbial genomes (45% of high quality) spanning body sites, ages, countries, and lifestyles. We recapitulated 4,930 species-level genome bins (SGBs), 77% without genomes in public repositories (unknown SGBs [uSGBs]). uSGBs are prevalent (in 93% of well-assembled samples), expand underrepresented phyla, and are enriched in non-Westernized populations (40% of the total SGBs). We annotated 2.85 M genes in SGBs, many associated with conditions including infant development (94,000) or Westernization (106,000). SGBs and uSGBs permit deeper microbiome analyses and increase the average mappability of metagenomic reads from 67.76% to 87.51% in the gut (median 94.26%) and 65.14% to 82.34% in the mouth. We thus identify thousands of microbial genomes from yet-to-be-named species, expand the pangenomes of human-associated microbes, and allow better exploitation of metagenomic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Serena Manara
- CIBIO Department, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Moreno Zolfo
- CIBIO Department, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Paolo Manghi
- CIBIO Department, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Adrian Tett
- CIBIO Department, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Paolo Ghensi
- CIBIO Department, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Maria Carmen Collado
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology-National Research Council, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Casey DuLong
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Curtis Huttenhower
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nicola Segata
- CIBIO Department, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
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169
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Song Z, Cai Y, Lao X, Wang X, Lin X, Cui Y, Kalavagunta PK, Liao J, Jin L, Shang J, Li J. Taxonomic profiling and populational patterns of bacterial bile salt hydrolase (BSH) genes based on worldwide human gut microbiome. MICROBIOME 2019; 7:9. [PMID: 30674356 PMCID: PMC6345003 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-019-0628-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bile salt hydrolase plays an important role in bile acid-mediated signaling pathways, which regulate lipid absorption, glucose metabolism, and energy homeostasis. Several reports suggest that changes in the composition of bile acids are found in many diseases caused by dysbacteriosis. RESULTS Here, we present the taxonomic identification of bile salt hydrolase (BSH) in human microbiota and elucidate the abundance and activity differences of various bacterial BSH among 11 different populations from six continents. For the first time, we revealed that bile salt hydrolase protein sequences (BSHs) are distributed in 591 intestinal bacterial strains within 117 genera in human microbiota, and 27.52% of these bacterial strains containing BSH paralogs. Significant variations are observed in BSH distribution patterns among different populations. Based on phylogenetic analysis, we reclassified these BSHs into eight phylotypes and investigated the abundance patterns of these phylotypes among different populations. From the inspection of enzyme activity among different BSH phylotypes, BSH-T3 showed the highest enzyme activity and is only found in Lactobaclillus. The phylotypes of BSH-T5 and BSH-T6 mainly from Bacteroides with high percentage of paralogs exhibit different enzyme activity and deconjugation activity. Furthermore, we found that there were significant differences between healthy individuals and patients with atherosclerosis and diabetes in some phylotypes of BSHs though the correlations were pleiotropic. CONCLUSION This study revealed the taxonomic and abundance profiling of BSH in human gut microbiome and provided a phylogenetic-based system to assess BSHs activity by classifying the target sequence into specific phylotype. Furthermore, the present work disclosed the variation patterns of BSHs among different populations of geographical regions and health/disease cohorts, which is essential to understand the role of BSH in the development and progression of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Song
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Yuanyuan Cai
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Xingzhen Lao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Xiaoxuan Lin
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Yingyun Cui
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | | | - Jun Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Liang Jin
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Jing Shang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
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170
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Hansen MEB, Rubel MA, Bailey AG, Ranciaro A, Thompson SR, Campbell MC, Beggs W, Dave JR, Mokone GG, Mpoloka SW, Nyambo T, Abnet C, Chanock SJ, Bushman FD, Tishkoff SA. Population structure of human gut bacteria in a diverse cohort from rural Tanzania and Botswana. Genome Biol 2019; 20:16. [PMID: 30665461 PMCID: PMC6341659 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-018-1616-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiota from individuals in rural, non-industrialized societies differ from those in individuals from industrialized societies. Here, we use 16S rRNA sequencing to survey the gut bacteria of seven non-industrialized populations from Tanzania and Botswana. These include populations practicing traditional hunter-gatherer, pastoralist, and agropastoralist subsistence lifestyles and a comparative urban cohort from the greater Philadelphia region. RESULTS We find that bacterial diversity per individual and within-population phylogenetic dissimilarity differs between Botswanan and Tanzanian populations, with Tanzania generally having higher diversity per individual and lower dissimilarity between individuals. Among subsistence groups, the gut bacteria of hunter-gatherers are phylogenetically distinct from both agropastoralists and pastoralists, but that of agropastoralists and pastoralists were not significantly different from each other. Nearly half of the Bantu-speaking agropastoralists from Botswana have gut bacteria that are very similar to the Philadelphian cohort. Based on imputed metagenomic content, US samples have a relative enrichment of genes found in pathways for degradation of several common industrial pollutants. Within two African populations, we find evidence that bacterial composition correlates with the genetic relatedness between individuals. CONCLUSIONS Across the cohort, similarity in bacterial presence/absence compositions between people increases with both geographic proximity and genetic relatedness, while abundance weighted bacterial composition varies more significantly with geographic proximity than with genetic relatedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E B Hansen
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Meagan A Rubel
- Department of Anthropology, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Aubrey G Bailey
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Present address: Kuopio Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, Microkatu 1, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Alessia Ranciaro
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Simon R Thompson
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Present address: Genomics England, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Michael C Campbell
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Present address: Department of Biology, Howard University, 415 College St. NW, Washington, DC, USA
| | - William Beggs
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jaanki R Dave
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- The Geisinger Commonwealth Medical College, Scranton, PA, 18509, USA
| | - Gaonyadiwe G Mokone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Botswana School of Medicine, Gaborone, Botswana
| | | | - Thomas Nyambo
- Department of Biochemistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Christian Abnet
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Frederic D Bushman
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sarah A Tishkoff
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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171
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Danneskiold-Samsøe NB, Dias de Freitas Queiroz Barros H, Santos R, Bicas JL, Cazarin CBB, Madsen L, Kristiansen K, Pastore GM, Brix S, Maróstica Júnior MR. Interplay between food and gut microbiota in health and disease. Food Res Int 2019; 115:23-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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172
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Rampelli S, Guenther K, Turroni S, Wolters M, Veidebaum T, Kourides Y, Molnár D, Lissner L, Benitez-Paez A, Sanz Y, Fraterman A, Michels N, Brigidi P, Candela M, Ahrens W. Pre-obese children's dysbiotic gut microbiome and unhealthy diets may predict the development of obesity. Commun Biol 2018; 1:222. [PMID: 30534614 PMCID: PMC6286349 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-018-0221-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that the intestinal microbiome is connected to obesity, as key mediator of the diet impact on the host metabolic and immunological status. To investigate whether the individual gut microbiome has a potential in predicting the onset and progression of diseases, here we characterized the faecal microbiota of 70 children in a two-time point prospective study, within a four-year window. All children had normal weight at the beginning of this study, but 36 of them gained excessive weight at the subsequent check-up. Microbiome data were analysed together with the hosts' diet information, physical activity, and inflammatory parameters. We find that the gut microbiota structures were stratified into a discrete number of groups, characterized by different biodiversity that correlates with inflammatory markers and dietary habits, regardless of age, gender, and body weight. Collectively, our data underscore the importance of the microbiome-host-diet configuration as a possible predictor of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Rampelli
- Microbial Ecology of Health Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Kathrin Guenther
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Microbial Ecology of Health Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maike Wolters
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Toomas Veidebaum
- Department of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Health Development, Hiiu 42, 11619 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Yiannis Kourides
- Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Stavrou Street 56, 2035 Strovolos, Cyprus
| | - Dénes Molnár
- Department of Paediatrics, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, József Attila u. 7, 7623 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Lauren Lissner
- Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 16, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alfonso Benitez-Paez
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition & Health Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Avda. Catedrático Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Valencia, Spain
| | - Yolanda Sanz
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition & Health Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Avda. Catedrático Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Valencia, Spain
| | - Arno Fraterman
- Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard & Partner Dortmund, Laboratoriumsmedizin Dortmund, Brauhausstraße 4, 44137 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Nathalie Michels
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Microbial Ecology of Health Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Candela
- Microbial Ecology of Health Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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173
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Meanings, measurements, and musings on the significance of patterns in human microbiome variation. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2018; 53:43-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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174
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Brooks AW, Priya S, Blekhman R, Bordenstein SR. Gut microbiota diversity across ethnicities in the United States. PLoS Biol 2018; 16:e2006842. [PMID: 30513082 PMCID: PMC6279019 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2006842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Composed of hundreds of microbial species, the composition of the human gut microbiota can vary with chronic diseases underlying health disparities that disproportionally affect ethnic minorities. However, the influence of ethnicity on the gut microbiota remains largely unexplored and lacks reproducible generalizations across studies. By distilling associations between ethnicity and differences in two US-based 16S gut microbiota data sets including 1,673 individuals, we report 12 microbial genera and families that reproducibly vary by ethnicity. Interestingly, a majority of these microbial taxa, including the most heritable bacterial family, Christensenellaceae, overlap with genetically associated taxa and form co-occurring clusters linked by similar fermentative and methanogenic metabolic processes. These results demonstrate recurrent associations between specific taxa in the gut microbiota and ethnicity, providing hypotheses for examining specific members of the gut microbiota as mediators of health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W. Brooks
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Sambhawa Priya
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Ran Blekhman
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Seth R. Bordenstein
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
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176
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Bao HD, Pang MD, Olaniran A, Zhang XH, Zhang H, Zhou Y, Sun LC, Schmidt S, Wang R. Alterations in the diversity and composition of mice gut microbiota by lytic or temperate gut phage treatment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:10219-10230. [PMID: 30302521 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Phages, the most abundant species in the mammalian gut, have numerous advantages as biocontrol agent over antibiotics. In this study, mice were orally treated with the lytic gut phage PA13076 (group B), the temperate phage BP96115 (group C), no phage (group A), or streptomycin (group D) over 31 days. At the end of the experiment, fecal microbiota diversity and composition was determined and compared using high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 hyper-variable region of the 16S rRNA gene and virus-like particles (VLPs) were quantified in feces. There was high diversity and richness of microbiota in the lytic and temperate gut phage-treated mice, with the lytic gut phage causing an increased alpha diversity based on the Chao1 index (p < 0.01). However, the streptomycin treatment reduced the microbiota diversity and richness (p = 0.0299). Both phage and streptomycin treatments reduced the abundance of Bacteroidetes at the phylum level (p < 0.01) and increased the abundance of the phylum Firmicutes. Interestingly, two beneficial genera, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, were enhanced by treatment with the lytic and temperate gut phage. The abundance of the genus Escherichia/Shigella was higher in mice after temperate phage administration than in the control group (p < 0.01), but lower than in the streptomycin group. Moreover, streptomycin treatment increased the abundance of the genera Klebsiella and Escherichia/Shigella (p < 0.01). In terms of the gut virome, fecal VLPs did not change significantly after phage treatment. This study showed that lytic and temperate gut phage treatment modulated the composition and diversity of gut microbiota and the lytic gut phage promoted a beneficial gut ecosystem, while the temperate phage may promote conditions enabling diseases to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Duo Bao
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Xuanwu Area, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg Campus, Private Bag X01, Pietermaritzburg, 3201, South Africa
| | - Mao-da Pang
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Xuanwu Area, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Ademola Olaniran
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Xu-Hui Zhang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Xuanwu Area, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Xuanwu Area, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Li-Chang Sun
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Xuanwu Area, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Stefan Schmidt
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg Campus, Private Bag X01, Pietermaritzburg, 3201, South Africa.
| | - Ran Wang
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Xuanwu Area, Nanjing, 210014, China.
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Skelly E, Kapellas K, Cooper A, Weyrich LS. Consequences of colonialism: A microbial perspective to contemporary Indigenous health. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2018; 167:423-437. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Skelly
- Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Kostas Kapellas
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Alan Cooper
- Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Laura S. Weyrich
- Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
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178
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Orkin JD, Campos FA, Myers MS, Cheves Hernandez SE, Guadamuz A, Melin AD. Seasonality of the gut microbiota of free-ranging white-faced capuchins in a tropical dry forest. ISME JOURNAL 2018; 13:183-196. [PMID: 30135468 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-018-0256-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Research on the gut microbiota of free-ranging mammals is offering new insights into dietary ecology. However, for free-ranging primates, little information is available for how microbiomes are influenced by ecological variation through time. Primates inhabiting seasonal tropical dry forests undergo seasonally specific decreases in food abundance and water availability, which have been linked to adverse health effects. Throughout the course of a seasonal transition in 2014, we collected fecal samples from three social groups of free-ranging white-faced capuchin monkeys (Cebus capucinus imitator) in Sector Santa Rosa, Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica. 16S rRNA sequencing data reveal that unlike other primates, the white-faced capuchin monkey gut is dominated by Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus. Linear mixed effects models indicate that abundances of these genera are associated with fluctuating availability and consumption of fruit and arthropods, whereas beta diversity clusters by rainfall season. Whole shotgun metagenomics revealed that the capuchin gut is dominated by carbohydrate-binding modules associated with digestion of plant polysaccharides and chitin, matching seasonal dietary patterns. We conclude that rainfall and diet are associated with the diversity, composition, and function of the capuchin gut microbiome. Additionally, microbial fluctuations are likely contributing to nutrient uptake and the health of wild primate populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Orkin
- Department of Anthropology & Archaeology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. .,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. .,Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Fernando A Campos
- Department of Anthropology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Monica S Myers
- Department of Anthropology & Archaeology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Costa Rica
| | - Saul E Cheves Hernandez
- Department of Anthropology & Archaeology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Costa Rica
| | | | - Amanda D Melin
- Department of Anthropology & Archaeology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. .,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. .,Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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179
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Lyu T, Liu G, Zhang H, Wang L, Zhou S, Dou H, Pang B, Sha W, Zhang H. Changes in feeding habits promoted the differentiation of the composition and function of gut microbiotas between domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and gray wolves (Canis lupus). AMB Express 2018; 8:123. [PMID: 30073560 PMCID: PMC6072643 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0652-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Wolves (Canis lupus) and their domesticated and close relatives, dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), have great differences in their diets and living environments. To the best of our knowledge, the fundamental question of how the abundance and function of the gut microbiota of domestic dogs evolved to adapt to the changes in host feeding habits has yet to be addressed. In this study, our comparative analyses of gut metagenomes showed that the abundance of gut microbiota between the two species have some significant differences. Furthermore, a number of taxa observed in higher numbers in domestic dogs are related to carbohydrate metabolism, which may be because that there were more complicated polysaccharides in dogs diets than that in wolves diets. A significant difference in the abundance of genes encoding glycosyltransferase family 34 (GT34), carbohydrate-binding module family 25 (CBM25), and glycoside hydrolase family 13 (GH13) between the gut microbiota metagenomes of domestic dogs and gray wolves also supported this observation. Furthermore, the domestic dog gut microbiota has greater valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism. This result showed that compared with wolves, the domestic dog diet contains a smaller amount of animal protein, which is consistent with the dietary composition of wolves and dogs. Our results indicate that the function and abundance of gut microbiota of domestic dogs has been adapted to domestication, which is of great significance for the ability of domestic dogs to adapt to changes in food composition.
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180
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Li H, Li T, Li X, Wang G, Lin Q, Qu J. Gut Microbiota in Tibetan Herdsmen Reflects the Degree of Urbanization. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1745. [PMID: 30108579 PMCID: PMC6080570 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Urbanization is associated with shifts in human lifestyles, thus possibly influencing the diversity, interaction and assembly of gut microbiota. However, the question regarding how human gut microbiota adapts to varying lifestyles remains elusive. To understand the relationship between gut microbiota and urbanization, we compared the diversity, interaction and assembly of gut microbial communities of herdsmen from three regions with different levels of urbanization, namely traditional herdsmen (TH), semi-urban herdsmen (SUH) and urban herdsmen (UH). The relative abundance of Prevotella decreased with the degree of urbanization (from TH to UH), whereas that of Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, and Blautia showed an opposite trend. Although the alpha diversity measures (observed OTUs and phylogenetic diversity) of gut microbiota were unaffected by urbanization, the beta diversity (Jaccard or Bray–Curtis distances) was significantly influenced by urbanization. Metagenome prediction revealed that the gene functions associated with metabolism (i.e., carbohydrate and lipid metabolism) had significant differences between TH and UH. Network analysis showed that the modularity increased with the degree of urbanization, indicating a high extent of niche differentiation in UH. Meanwhile the trend of network density was opposite, indicating a more complex network in TH. Notably, the relative importance of environmental filtering that governed the community assembly increased with the degree of urbanization, which indicated that deterministic factors (e.g., low-fiber diet) play more important roles than stochastic factors (e.g., stochastic dispersal) in shaping the gut microbiota. A quantification of ecological processes showed a stronger signal of variable selection in UH than TH, implying that different selective pressures cause divergent gut community compositions due to urban lifestyles. Our results suggest that beta diversity, network interactions and ecological processes of gut microbiota may reflect the degree of urbanization, and highlight the adaptation of human gut microbiota to lifestyle changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Li
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tongtong Li
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangzhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Guanhong Wang
- The Rowland Institute at Harvard, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Qiang Lin
- Institute of Soil Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czechia
| | - Jiapeng Qu
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology in Cold Region, Xining, China
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181
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Characterization of Wild and Captive Baboon Gut Microbiota and Their Antibiotic Resistomes. mSystems 2018; 3:mSystems00016-18. [PMID: 29963641 PMCID: PMC6020475 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00016-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic exposure results in acute and persistent shifts in the composition and function of microbial communities associated with vertebrate hosts. However, little is known about the state of these communities in the era before the widespread introduction of antibiotics into clinical and agricultural practice. We characterized the fecal microbiota and antibiotic resistomes of wild and captive baboon populations to understand the effect of human exposure and to understand how the primate microbiota may have been altered during the antibiotic era. We used culture-independent and bioinformatics methods to identify functional resistance genes in the guts of wild and captive baboons and show that exposure to humans is associated with changes in microbiota composition and resistome expansion compared to wild baboon groups. Our results suggest that captivity and lifestyle changes associated with human contact can lead to marked changes in the ecology of primate gut communities. Environmental microbes have harbored the capacity for antibiotic production for millions of years, spanning the evolution of humans and other vertebrates. However, the industrial-scale use of antibiotics in clinical and agricultural practice over the past century has led to a substantial increase in exposure of these agents to human and environmental microbiota. This perturbation is predicted to alter the ecology of microbial communities and to promote the evolution and transfer of antibiotic resistance (AR) genes. We studied wild and captive baboon populations to understand the effects of exposure to humans and human activities (e.g., antibiotic therapy) on the composition of the primate fecal microbiota and the antibiotic-resistant genes that it collectively harbors (the “resistome”). Using a culture-independent metagenomic approach, we identified functional antibiotic resistance genes in the gut microbiota of wild and captive baboon groups and saw marked variation in microbiota architecture and resistomes across habitats and lifeways. Our results support the view that antibiotic resistance is an ancient feature of gut microbial communities and that sharing habitats with humans may have important effects on the structure and function of the primate microbiota. IMPORTANCE Antibiotic exposure results in acute and persistent shifts in the composition and function of microbial communities associated with vertebrate hosts. However, little is known about the state of these communities in the era before the widespread introduction of antibiotics into clinical and agricultural practice. We characterized the fecal microbiota and antibiotic resistomes of wild and captive baboon populations to understand the effect of human exposure and to understand how the primate microbiota may have been altered during the antibiotic era. We used culture-independent and bioinformatics methods to identify functional resistance genes in the guts of wild and captive baboons and show that exposure to humans is associated with changes in microbiota composition and resistome expansion compared to wild baboon groups. Our results suggest that captivity and lifestyle changes associated with human contact can lead to marked changes in the ecology of primate gut communities.
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182
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Kisuse J, La-ongkham O, Nakphaichit M, Therdtatha P, Momoda R, Tanaka M, Fukuda S, Popluechai S, Kespechara K, Sonomoto K, Lee YK, Nitisinprasert S, Nakayama J. Urban Diets Linked to Gut Microbiome and Metabolome Alterations in Children: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study in Thailand. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1345. [PMID: 29988433 PMCID: PMC6024022 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of traditional diets by food globalization may have adverse impact on the health of human being through the alteration of gut microbial ecosystem. To address this notion, we compared the gut microbiota of urban (n = 17) and rural (n = 28) school-aged children in Thailand in association with their dietary habits. Dietary records indicated that children living in urban Bangkok tended to consume modern high-fat diets, whereas children in rural Buriram tended to consume traditional vegetable-based diets. Sequencing of 16S rRNA genes amplified from stool samples showed that children in Bangkok have less Clostridiales and more Bacteroidales and Selenomonadales compared to children in Buriram and bacterial diversity is significantly less in Bangkok children than in Buriram children. In addition, fecal butyrate and propionate levels decreased in Bangkok children in association with changes in their gut microbial communities. Stool samples of these Thai children were classified into five metabolotypes (MTs) based on their metabolome profiles, each characterized by high concentrations of short and middle chain fatty acids (MT1, n = 17), amino acids (MT2, n = 7), arginine (MT3, n = 6), amino acids, and amines (MT5, n = 8), or an overall low level of metabolites (MT4, n = 4). MT1 and MT4 mainly consisted of samples from Buriram, and MT2 and MT3 mainly consisted of samples from Bangkok, whereas MT5 contained three samples from Bangkok and five from Buriram samples. According to the profiles of microbiota and diets, MT1 and MT2 are characteristic of children in Buriram and Bangkok, respectively. Predicted metagenomics indicated the underrepresentation in MT2 of eight genes involved in pathways of butyrate biosynthesis, notably including paths from glutamate as well as pyruvate. Taken together, this study shows the benefit of high-vegetable Thai traditional diets on gut microbiota and suggests that high-fat and less-vegetable urban dietary habits alter gut microbial communities in Thai children, which resulted in the reduction of colonic short chain fatty acid fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juma Kisuse
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Orawan La-ongkham
- Institute of Food Research and Product Development, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Massalin Nakphaichit
- Specialized Research Unit: Probiotics and Prebiotics for Health, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phatthanaphong Therdtatha
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Rie Momoda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanaka
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinji Fukuda
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
- Intestinal Microbiota Project, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Japan
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
| | - Siam Popluechai
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
- Human Gut Microbiome for Health Research Unit, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | | | - Kenji Sonomoto
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuan-Kun Lee
- Department of Microbiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sunee Nitisinprasert
- Specialized Research Unit: Probiotics and Prebiotics for Health, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jiro Nakayama
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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183
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Infant and Adult Gut Microbiome and Metabolome in Rural Bassa and Urban Settlers from Nigeria. Cell Rep 2018; 23:3056-3067. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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184
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Yarygin KS, Kovarsky BA, Bibikova TS, Melnikov DS, Tyakht AV, Alexeev DG. ResistoMap-online visualization of human gut microbiota antibiotic resistome. Bioinformatics 2018; 33:2205-2206. [PMID: 28334267 PMCID: PMC5870722 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract We created ResistoMap—a Web-based interactive visualization of the presence of genetic determinants conferring resistance to antibiotics, biocides and heavy metals in human gut microbiota. ResistoMap displays the data on more than 1500 published gut metagenomes of world populations including both healthy subjects and patients. Multiparameter display filters allow visual assessment of the associations between the meta-data and proportions of resistome. The geographic map navigation layer allows to state hypotheses regarding the global trends of antibiotic resistance and correlates the gut resistome variations with the national clinical guidelines on antibiotics application. Availability and Implementation ResistoMap was implemented using AngularJS, CoffeeScript, D3.js and TopoJSON. The tool is publicly available at http://resistomap.rcpcm.org. Contact yarygin@phystech.edu. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin S Yarygin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 9 Institutskiy per, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation.,Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine (FRCC PCM), Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Boris A Kovarsky
- Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine (FRCC PCM), Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | | | - Alexander V Tyakht
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 9 Institutskiy per, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation.,Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine (FRCC PCM), Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry G Alexeev
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), 9 Institutskiy per, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation.,Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine (FRCC PCM), Malaya Pirogovskaya 1a, Moscow, Russian Federation
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185
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Nishida AH, Ochman H. Rates of gut microbiome divergence in mammals. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:1884-1897. [PMID: 29290090 PMCID: PMC5935551 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The variation and taxonomic diversity among mammalian gut microbiomes raises several questions about the factors that contribute to the rates and patterns of change in these microbial communities. By comparing the microbiome compositions of 112 species representing 14 mammalian orders, we assessed how host and ecological factors contribute to microbiome diversification. Except in rare cases, the same bacterial phyla predominate in mammalian gut microbiomes, and there has been some convergence of microbiome compositions according to dietary category across all mammalians lineages except Chiropterans (bats), which possess high proportions of Proteobacteria and tend to be most similar to one another regardless of diet. At lower taxonomic ranks (families, genera, 97% OTUs), bacteria are more likely to be associated with a particular mammalian lineage than with a particular dietary category, resulting in a strong phylogenetic signal in the degree to which microbiomes diverge. Despite different physiologies, the gut microbiomes of several mammalian lineages have diverged at roughly the same rate over the past 75 million years; however, the gut microbiomes of Cetartiodactyla (ruminants, whales, hippopotami) have evolved much faster and those of Chiropterans much slower. Contrary to expectations, the number of dietary transitions within a lineage does not influence rates of microbiome divergence, but instead, some of the most dramatic changes are associated with the loss of bacterial taxa, such as those accompanying the transition from terrestrial to marine lifestyles and the evolution of hominids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex H Nishida
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Howard Ochman
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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186
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Understanding the prebiotic potential of different dietary fibers using an in vitro continuous adult fermentation model (PolyFermS). Sci Rep 2018. [PMID: 29531228 PMCID: PMC5847601 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22438-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of fermentable dietary fibers (DFs), which can induce growth and/or activity of specific beneficial populations, is suggested a promising strategy to modulate the gut microbiota and restore health in microbiota-linked diseases. Until today, inulin and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are the best studied DFs, while little is known about the gut microbiota-modulating effects of β-glucan, α-galactooligosaccharide (α-GOS) and xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS). Here, we used three continuous in vitro fermentation PolyFermS model to study the modulating effect of these DFs on two distinct human adult proximal colon microbiota, independently from the host. Supplementation of DFs, equivalent to a 9 g daily intake, induced a consistent metabolic response depending on the donor microbiota. Irrespective to the DF supplemented, the Bacteroidaceae-Ruminococcaceae dominated microbiota produced more butyrate (up to 96%), while the Prevotellaceae-Ruminococcaceae dominated microbiota produced more propionate (up to 40%). Changes in abundance of specific bacterial taxa upon DF supplementation explained the observed changes in short-chain fatty acid profiles. Our data suggest that the metabolic profile of SCFA profile may be the most suitable and robust read-out to characterize microbiota-modulating effects of a DF and highlights importance to understand the inter-individual response to a prebiotic treatment for mechanistic understanding and human application.
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187
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Xiong W, Wang Y, Sun Y, Ma L, Zeng Q, Jiang X, Li A, Zeng Z, Zhang T. Antibiotic-mediated changes in the fecal microbiome of broiler chickens define the incidence of antibiotic resistance genes. MICROBIOME 2018; 6:34. [PMID: 29439741 PMCID: PMC5811963 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-018-0419-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial agents have been widely used in animal farms to prevent and treat animal diseases and to promote growth. Antimicrobial agents may change the bacterial community and enhance the resistome in animal feces. We used metagenome-wide analysis to investigate the changes in bacterial community, variations in antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and their bacterial hosts in the feces of broiler chickens over a full-treatment course of chlortetracycline at low and therapeutic dose levels. RESULTS The effects of chlortetracycline on resistome were dependent on the specific ARG subtypes and not simply the overall community-level ARGs. Therapeutic dose of chlortetracycline promoted the abundance of tetracycline resistance genes (tetA and tetW) and inhibited multidrug resistance genes (mdtA, mdtC, mdtK, ompR, and TolC). The therapeutic dose of chlortetracycline led to loss of Proteobacteria mainly due to the decrease of Escherichia/Shigella (from 72 to 58%). Inhibition of Escherichia by chlortetracycline was the primary reason for the decrease of genes resistant to multiple drugs in the therapeutic dose group. The ARG host Bifidobacterium were enriched due to tetW harbored by Bifidobacterium under chlortetracycline treatment. Escherichia was always the major host for multidrug resistance genes, whereas the primary host was changed from Escherichia to Klebsiella for aminoglycoside resistance genes with the treatment of therapeutic dose of chlortetracycline. CONCLUSIONS We provided the first metagenomic insights into antibiotic-mediated alteration of ARG-harboring bacterial hosts at community-wide level in chicken feces. These results indicated that the changes in the structure of antibiotic-induced feces microbial communities accompany changes in the abundance of bacterial hosts carrying specific ARGs in the feces microbiota. These findings will help to optimize therapeutic schemes for the effective treatment of antibiotic resistant pathogens in poultry farms. Resistome variations in faecal microbiome of chickens exposed to chlortetracycline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenguang Xiong
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs (SCAU) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642 China
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yongxue Sun
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs (SCAU) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Liping Ma
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qinglin Zeng
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs (SCAU) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Xiaotao Jiang
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Andong Li
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhenling Zeng
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs (SCAU) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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188
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Requena T, Martínez-Cuesta MC, Peláez C. Diet and microbiota linked in health and disease. Food Funct 2018; 9:688-704. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01820g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diet has shaped microbiota profiles through human evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Requena
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology
- Institute of Food Science Research
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
| | - M. C. Martínez-Cuesta
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology
- Institute of Food Science Research
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
| | - C. Peláez
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology
- Institute of Food Science Research
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
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189
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Santoro A, Ostan R, Candela M, Biagi E, Brigidi P, Capri M, Franceschi C. Gut microbiota changes in the extreme decades of human life: a focus on centenarians. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:129-148. [PMID: 29032502 PMCID: PMC5752746 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2674-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota (GM) is a complex, evolutionarily molded ecological system, which contributes to a variety of physiological functions. The GM is highly dynamic, being sensitive to environmental stimuli, and its composition changes over the host's entire lifespan. However, the basic question of how much these changes may be ascribed to variables such as population, diet, genetics and gender, and/or to the aging process per se is still largely unanswered. We argue that comparison among studies on centenarians-the best model of healthy aging and longevity-recruited from different geographical areas/populations (different genetics and dietary habits) can help to disentangle the contribution of aging and non-aging-related variables to GM remodeling with age. The current review focuses on the role of population, gender and host genetics as possible drivers of GM modification along the human aging process. The feedback impact of age-associated GM variation on the GM-brain axis and GM metabolomics is also discussed. We likewise address the role of GM in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, and its possible therapeutic use, taking advantage of the fact that centenarians are characterized by an extreme (healthy) phenotype versus patients suffering from age-related pathologies. Finally, it is argued that longitudinal studies combining metagenomics sequencing and in-depth phylogenetic analysis with a comprehensive phenotypic characterization of centenarians and patients using up-to-date omics (metabolomics, transcriptomics and meta-transcriptomics) are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelia Santoro
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 12, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
- Interdepartmental Centre "L. Galvani" (CIG) Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 12, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Rita Ostan
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 12, 40126, Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre "L. Galvani" (CIG) Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 12, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Candela
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Biagi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Miriam Capri
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 12, 40126, Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre "L. Galvani" (CIG) Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 12, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Institute of Neurological Sciences (IRCCS), Via Altura 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy
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190
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Smits SA, Leach J, Sonnenburg ED, Gonzalez CG, Lichtman JS, Reid G, Knight R, Manjurano A, Changalucha J, Elias JE, Dominguez-Bello MG, Sonnenburg JL. Seasonal cycling in the gut microbiome of the Hadza hunter-gatherers of Tanzania. Science 2017; 357:802-806. [PMID: 28839072 DOI: 10.1126/science.aan4834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 499] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although humans have cospeciated with their gut-resident microbes, it is difficult to infer features of our ancestral microbiome. Here, we examine the microbiome profile of 350 stool samples collected longitudinally for more than a year from the Hadza hunter-gatherers of Tanzania. The data reveal annual cyclic reconfiguration of the microbiome, in which some taxa become undetectable only to reappear in a subsequent season. Comparison of the Hadza data set with data collected from 18 populations in 16 countries with varying lifestyles reveals that gut community membership corresponds to modernization: Notably, the taxa within the Hadza that are the most seasonally volatile similarly differentiate industrialized and traditional populations. These data indicate that some dynamic lineages of microbes have decreased in prevalence and abundance in modernized populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A Smits
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jeff Leach
- Human Food Project, 53600 Highway 118, Terlingua, TX 79852, USA.,The Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Erica D Sonnenburg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Carlos G Gonzalez
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94025, USA
| | - Joshua S Lichtman
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94025, USA
| | - Gregor Reid
- Lawson Health Research Institute and Western University, London, Ontario N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - Rob Knight
- Departments of Pediatrics and Computer Science and Engineering and Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | | | | | - Joshua E Elias
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - Justin L Sonnenburg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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191
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Abstract
The trillions of microbes living in the gut—the gut microbiota—play an important role in human biology and disease. While much has been done to explore its diversity, a full understanding of our microbiomes demands an evolutionary perspective. In this review, we compare microbiomes from human populations, placing them in the context of microbes from humanity’s near and distant animal relatives. We discuss potential mechanisms to generate host-specific microbiome configurations and the consequences of disrupting those configurations. Finally, we propose that this broader phylogenetic perspective is useful for understanding the mechanisms underlying human–microbiome interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Davenport
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jon G Sanders
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Se Jin Song
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Katherine R Amato
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Andrew G Clark
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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192
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Feng J, Li B, Jiang X, Yang Y, Wells GF, Zhang T, Li X. Antibiotic resistome in a large-scale healthy human gut microbiota deciphered by metagenomic and network analyses. Environ Microbiol 2017; 20:355-368. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Feng
- Division of Energy & Environment, Graduate School at Shenzhen; Tsinghua University; China
| | - Bing Li
- Division of Energy & Environment, Graduate School at Shenzhen; Tsinghua University; China
| | - Xiaotao Jiang
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong China
| | - Ying Yang
- South China Sea Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Marine Sciences; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - George F. Wells
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Northwestern University; Evanston IL USA
| | - Tong Zhang
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Division of Energy & Environment, Graduate School at Shenzhen; Tsinghua University; China
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193
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Charlier P, Augias A, Sansonetti P, Bon C, Kennedy S, Segurel L. [Importance of intestinal paleomicrobiome study for contemporaneous medical problematics]. Med Sci (Paris) 2017; 33:984-990. [PMID: 29200397 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20173311016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human gut microbiome composition and diversity increasingly appear as a reliable marker of human evolution within his environment, and of health and its alteration (concept of dysbiosis); as a matter of fact, it can be considered as a strong marker of the disease status of individuals. Thus, in retrospect, the capacity to profile the gut microbiome would offer a great opportunity to identify individual and societal changes to which ancient populations were exposed. A global and diachronic view of the gut microbiome evolution is necessary in order to highlight the potential role of environmental factors or human habits in this process. However, to make the most of its contribution, archaeo-microbiology should aim at being as exhaustive as possible, encompassing parasites which have likely played a major role in the development of the mammalian immune system, and viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Charlier
- Équipe d'anthropologie médicale et de médecine légale (Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines [UVSQ]), 2, avenue de la Source-de-la-Bièvre, 78180 Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France - Hôpital Max Fourestier et Institut de la Précarité et de l'Exclusion Sociale, 403, avenue de la République, 92000 Nanterre, France
| | - Anaïs Augias
- Équipe d'anthropologie médicale et de médecine légale (Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines [UVSQ]), 2, avenue de la Source-de-la-Bièvre, 78180 Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Philippe Sansonetti
- Collège de France, 11, place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France - Unité Inserm 786, Institut Pasteur, 25-28, rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Céline Bon
- UMR 7206 Éco-anthropologie et éthnobiologie. CNRS - Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle - Univ Paris Diderot - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sean Kennedy
- Département de génomes et génétique, Centre d'innovation et recherche technologique, Institut Pasteur, 25-28, rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Laure Segurel
- UMR 7206 Éco-anthropologie et éthnobiologie. CNRS - Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle - Univ Paris Diderot - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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194
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Zamudio-Tiburcio Á, Bermúdez-Ruiz H, Lezama-Guzmán HR, Guevara-Ortigoza MDP, Islas-Solares E, Sosa-López FA. Rompiendo paradigmas. Trasplante de microbiota intestinal: reporte preliminar. CIR CIR 2017; 85 Suppl 1:6-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.circir.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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195
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Gut Microbiome and Putative Resistome of Inca and Italian Nobility Mummies. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8110310. [PMID: 29112136 PMCID: PMC5704223 DOI: 10.3390/genes8110310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is still known about the microbiome resulting from the process of mummification of the human gut. In the present study, the gut microbiota, genes associated with metabolism, and putative resistome of Inca and Italian nobility mummies were characterized by using high-throughput sequencing. The Italian nobility mummies exhibited a higher bacterial diversity as compared to the Inca mummies when using 16S ribosomal (rRNA) gene amplicon sequencing, but both groups showed bacterial and fungal taxa when using shotgun metagenomic sequencing that may resemble both the thanatomicrobiome and extant human gut microbiomes. Identification of sequences associated with plants, animals, and carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) may provide further insights into the dietary habits of Inca and Italian nobility mummies. Putative antibiotic-resistance genes in the Inca and Italian nobility mummies support a human gut resistome prior to the antibiotic therapy era. The higher proportion of putative antibiotic-resistance genes in the Inca compared to Italian nobility mummies may support the hypotheses that a greater exposure to the environment may result in a greater acquisition of antibiotic-resistance genes. The present study adds knowledge of the microbiome resulting from the process of mummification of the human gut, insights of ancient dietary habits, and the preserved putative human gut resistome prior the antibiotic therapy era.
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196
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Rampelli S, Turroni S, Schnorr SL, Soverini M, Quercia S, Barone M, Castagnetti A, Biagi E, Gallinella G, Brigidi P, Candela M. Characterization of the human DNA gut virome across populations with different subsistence strategies and geographical origin. Environ Microbiol 2017; 19:4728-4735. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Rampelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Stephanie L. Schnorr
- Department of Anthropology, Laboratories of Molecular Anthropology and Microbiome Research; University of Oklahoma; Norman OK USA
| | - Matteo Soverini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Sara Quercia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Monica Barone
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Andrea Castagnetti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Elena Biagi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Giorgio Gallinella
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Marco Candela
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
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197
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Soverini M, Turroni S, Biagi E, Quercia S, Brigidi P, Candela M, Rampelli S. Variation of Carbohydrate-Active Enzyme Patterns in the Gut Microbiota of Italian Healthy Subjects and Type 2 Diabetes Patients. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2079. [PMID: 29114246 PMCID: PMC5660705 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota (GM) has been associated, to date, with various complex functions, essentials for the host health. Among these, it is certainly worth noting the degradation of the so-called microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs), which the GM breaks down through specific enzymes, referred to as carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes). This degradation constitutes the first step in the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), key microbial small molecules having multiple health-promoting effects for the host organism. The decline in MAC dietary intake in urban Western populations forced the shrinkage of CAZyme repertoire in the GM, as shown by the literature comparing the microbiome layout between Western urban citizens and traditional rural populations. Even if this reduction in GM functional complexity has been associated with the onset of the so-called “diseases of civilization,” only few information regarding the CAZyme variation within Western populations has been provided to date, and its connections with diet and health are still unexplored. In this scenario, here we explore the GM-encoded CAZyme repertoire across two Italian adult cohorts, including healthy lean subjects consuming a Mediterranean diet and obese patients affected by type 2 diabetes, consuming a high-fat diet. In order to impute the CAZyme panel, a pipeline consisting of publicly available software – QIIME, FragGeneScan and HMMER – was specifically implemented. Our study highlighted the existence of robust clusters of bacterial species sharing a common MAC degradation profile in the Italian GM, allowing the stratification of the individual GM into different steady states according to the carbohydrate degradation profile, with possible connections with diet and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Soverini
- Unit of Microbial Ecology of Health, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Unit of Microbial Ecology of Health, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Biagi
- Unit of Microbial Ecology of Health, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Quercia
- Unit of Microbial Ecology of Health, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Unit of Microbial Ecology of Health, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Candela
- Unit of Microbial Ecology of Health, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Rampelli
- Unit of Microbial Ecology of Health, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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198
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De Filippo C, Di Paola M, Ramazzotti M, Albanese D, Pieraccini G, Banci E, Miglietta F, Cavalieri D, Lionetti P. Diet, Environments, and Gut Microbiota. A Preliminary Investigation in Children Living in Rural and Urban Burkina Faso and Italy. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1979. [PMID: 29081768 PMCID: PMC5645538 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet is one of the main factors that affects the composition of gut microbiota. When people move from a rural environment to urban areas, and experience improved socio-economic conditions, they are often exposed to a “globalized” Western type diet. Here, we present preliminary observations on the metagenomic scale of microbial changes in small groups of African children belonging to the same ethnicity and living in different environments, compared to children living on the urban area of Florence (Italy). We analyzed dietary habits and, by pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, gut microbiota profiles from fecal samples of children living in a rural village of Burkina Faso (n = 11), of two groups of children living in different urban settings (Nanoro town, n = 8; Ouagadougou, the capital city, n = 5) and of a group of Italian children (n = 13). We observed that when foods of animal origin, those rich in fat and simple sugars are introduced into a traditional African diet, composed of cereals, legumes and vegetables, the gut microbiota profiles changes. Microbiota of rural children retain a geographically unique bacterial reservoir (Prevotella, Treponema, and Succinivibrio), assigned to ferment fiber and polysaccharides from vegetables. Independently of geography and ethnicity, in children living in urban areas these bacterial genera were progressively outcompeted by bacteria more suited to the metabolism of animal protein, fat and sugar rich foods, similarly to Italian children, as resulted by PICRUSt (Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States), a predictive functional profiling of microbial communities using 16S rRNA marker gene. Consequently, we observed a progressive reduction of SCFAs measured by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, in urban populations, especially in Italian children, respect to rural ones. Our results even if in a limited number of individuals point out that dietary habit modifications in the course of urbanization play a role in shaping gut microbiota, and that ancient microorganisms, such as fiber-degrading bacteria, are at risk of being eliminated by the fast paced globalization of foods and by the advent of westernized lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta De Filippo
- Institute of Biology and Agrarian Biotechnology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Monica Di Paola
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Meyer Children Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Ramazzotti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Davide Albanese
- Fondazione E. Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, Trento, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pieraccini
- Centro di Servizi di Spettrometria di Massa, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Banci
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Meyer Children Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Franco Miglietta
- Institute of Biometereology, National Research Council, Florence, Italy
| | - Duccio Cavalieri
- Institute of Biometereology, National Research Council, Florence, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Lionetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Meyer Children Hospital, Florence, Italy
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199
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Sommer F, Rühlemann MC, Bang C, Höppner M, Rehman A, Kaleta C, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Dempfle A, Weidinger S, Ellinghaus E, Krauss-Etschmann S, Schmidt-Arras D, Aden K, Schulte D, Ellinghaus D, Schreiber S, Tholey A, Rupp J, Laudes M, Baines JF, Rosenstiel P, Franke A. Microbiomarkers in inflammatory bowel diseases: caveats come with caviar. Gut 2017; 66:1734-1738. [PMID: 28733278 PMCID: PMC5595102 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-313678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Sommer
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Corinna Bang
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marc Höppner
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ateequr Rehman
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Kaleta
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Phillippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Astrid Dempfle
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Eva Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Susanne Krauss-Etschmann
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany,Research Center Borstel, Leibniz-Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - Dirk Schmidt-Arras
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Konrad Aden
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dominik Schulte
- Clinic of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany,Clinic of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Tholey
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan Rupp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Lubeck, Lubeck, Germany
| | - Matthias Laudes
- Clinic of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - John F Baines
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany,Evolutionary Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plon, Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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200
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Do bacteria shape our development? Crosstalk between intestinal microbiota and HPA axis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 83:458-471. [PMID: 28918360 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The human body contains as many bacteria in the intestine as the total number of human body cells. These bacteria have a central position in human health and disease, and would also play a role in the regulation of emotions, behavior, and even higher cognitive functions. The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis (HPA axis) is a major physiological stress system that produces cortisol. This hormone is involved in responding to environmental stress and also shapes many aspects of brain development. Both the HPA axis and the intestinal microbiota show rapid and profound developmental changes during the first years of life. Early environmental disturbances can affect the development of both systems. Early adversity, for example, is known to lead to later unbalances in both, as well as to psychopathological behavior and emotions. The goal of this theoretical review is to summarize current knowledge on the developmental crosstalk between the intestinal microbiota and the HPA axis, providing a basis for understanding the development and bidirectional communication between these two essential systems in human functioning.
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