151
|
Lv LL, Wu WJ, Feng Y, Li ZL, Tang TT, Liu BC. Therapeutic application of extracellular vesicles in kidney disease: promises and challenges. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:728-737. [PMID: 29083099 PMCID: PMC5783839 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized, membrane‐bound vesicles released from different cells. Recent studies have revealed that EVs may participate in renal tissue damage and regeneration through mediating inter‐nephron communication. Thus, the potential use of EVs as therapeutic vector has gained considerable interest. In this review, we will discuss the basic characteristics of EVs and its role in nephron cellular communication. Then, the application of EVs as therapeutic vector based on its natural content or as carriers of drug, in acute and chronic kidney injury, was discussed. Finally, perspectives and challenges of EVs in therapy of kidney disease were described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Li Lv
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-Jun Wu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye Feng
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zuo-Lin Li
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao-Tao Tang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bi-Cheng Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
152
|
Zhou J, Fan Y, Tang S, Wu H, Zhong J, Huang Z, Yang C, Chen H. Inhibition of PTEN activity aggravates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. Oncotarget 2017; 8:103154-103166. [PMID: 29262553 PMCID: PMC5732719 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum II) has been widely and effectively used in chemotherapy against tumors. Nephrotoxicity due to cisplatin is one of the most common clinical causes of acute kidney injury (AKI), which has a poor prognosis and high mortality. The signaling mechanisms underlying cisplatin-induced AKI are not completely understood. Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor that negatively regulates the cell-survival pathway and is considered a double-edged sword in organ damage. In this study, we examined the effect that inhibiting PTEN activity in experimental models of cisplatin-induced AKI had on the degrees of AKI. Compared with vehicle mice, mice treated with bpV(pic) (specific inhibitor of PTEN) had exacerbated renal damage due to cisplatin-induced AKI. Furthermore, inhibition of PTEN activity increased cell apoptosis in the kidneys of mice induced by cisplatin. More inflammatory cytokines were activated after cisplatin treatment in mice of the bpV(pic)-treated group compared with vehicle mice, and these inflammatory cytokines may be partially derived from bone marrow cells. In addition, inhibiting PTEN activity decreased the phosphorylation of p53 in the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced AKI. In summary, our study has demonstrated that inhibiting PTEN activity aggravates cisplatin-induced AKI via apoptosis, inflammatory reaction, and p53 signaling pathway. These results indicated that PTEN may serve as a novel therapeutic target for cisplatin-induced AKI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong Province, 528000, China
| | - Youling Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511400, China
| | - Simin Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong Province, 528000, China
| | - Huiping Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong Province, 528000, China
| | - Jiying Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong Province, 528000, China
| | - Zhengxing Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong Province, 528000, China
| | - Chengxiang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong Province, 528000, China
| | - Hongtao Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eighth People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510060, China
| |
Collapse
|
153
|
Feigerlová E, Battaglia-Hsu SF, Hauet T, Guéant JL. Extracellular vesicles as immune mediators in response to kidney injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 314:F9-F21. [PMID: 28855190 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00336.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Important progress has been made on cytokine signaling in response to kidney injury in the past decade, especially cytokine signaling mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs). For example, EVs released by injured renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) can regulate intercellular communications and influence tissue recovery via both regulating the expression and transferring cytokines, growth factors, as well as other bioactive molecules at the site of injury. The effects of EVs on kidney tissue seem to vary depending on the sources of EVs; however, the literature data are often inconsistent. For example, in rodents EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC-EVs) can have both beneficial and harmful effects on injured renal tissue. Caution is thus needed in the interpretation of these data as contradictory findings on EVs may not only be related to the origin of EVs, they can also be caused by the different methods used for EV isolation and the physiological and pathological states of the tissues/cells under which they were obtained. Here, we review and discuss our current understanding related to the immunomodulatory function of EVs in renal tubular repair in the hope of encouraging further investigations on mechanisms related to their antiinflammatory and reparative role to better define the therapeutic potential of EVs in renal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Feigerlová
- INSERM U954, Nutrition Génétique et Exposition aux Risques Environnementaux, Medical Faculty, University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France.,Medical Faculty, University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France.,INSERM, UMR 1082, Poitiers , France.,Medical and Pharmaceutical Faculty, University of Poitiers , Poitiers , France
| | - Shyue-Fang Battaglia-Hsu
- INSERM U954, Nutrition Génétique et Exposition aux Risques Environnementaux, Medical Faculty, University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France.,Regional University Hospital Center of Nancy, Vandœuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Thierry Hauet
- INSERM, UMR 1082, Poitiers , France.,Medical and Pharmaceutical Faculty, University of Poitiers , Poitiers , France.,Service de Biochimie, Pôle BIOSPHARM, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers , France
| | - Jean-Louis Guéant
- INSERM U954, Nutrition Génétique et Exposition aux Risques Environnementaux, Medical Faculty, University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France.,Regional University Hospital Center of Nancy, Vandœuvre les Nancy, France
| |
Collapse
|
154
|
Baker MA, Davis SJ, Liu P, Pan X, Williams AM, Iczkowski KA, Gallagher ST, Bishop K, Regner KR, Liu Y, Liang M. Tissue-Specific MicroRNA Expression Patterns in Four Types of Kidney Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28:2985-2992. [PMID: 28663230 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2016121280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs contribute to the development of kidney disease. Previous analyses of microRNA expression in human kidneys, however, were limited by tissue heterogeneity or the inclusion of only one pathologic type. In this study, we used laser-capture microdissection to obtain glomeruli and proximal tubules from 98 human needle kidney biopsy specimens for microRNA expression analysis using deep sequencing. We analyzed specimens from patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN), FSGS, IgA nephropathy (IgAN), membranoproliferative GN (MPGN) (n=19-23 for each disease), and a control group (n=14). Compared with control glomeruli, DN, FSGS, IgAN, and MPGN glomeruli exhibited differential expression of 18, 12, two, and 17 known microRNAs, respectively. The expression of several microRNAs also differed between disease conditions. Specifically, compared with control or FSGS glomeruli, IgAN glomeruli exhibited downregulated expression of hsa-miR-3182. Furthermore, in combination, the expression levels of hsa-miR-146a-5p and hsa-miR-30a-5p distinguished DN from all other conditions except IgAN. Compared with control proximal tubules, DN, FSGS, IgAN, and MPGN proximal tubules had differential expression of 13, 14, eight, and eight microRNAs, respectively, but expression of microRNAs did not differ significantly between the disease conditions. The abundance of several microRNAs correlated with indexes of renal function. Finally, we validated the differential glomerular expression of select microRNAs in a second cohort of patients with DN (n=19) and FSGS (n=21). In conclusion, we identified tissue-specific microRNA expression patterns associated with several kidney pathologies. The identified microRNAs could be developed as biomarkers of kidney diseases and might be involved in disease mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Seth J Davis
- Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Department of Physiology
| | - Pengyuan Liu
- Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Department of Physiology
| | - Xiaoqing Pan
- Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Department of Physiology
| | | | | | | | - Kaylee Bishop
- Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Department of Physiology
| | - Kevin R Regner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Yong Liu
- Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Department of Physiology
| | - Mingyu Liang
- Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Department of Physiology,
| |
Collapse
|
155
|
Dellett M, Brown ED, Guduric-Fuchs J, O'Connor A, Stitt AW, Medina RJ, Simpson DA. MicroRNA-containing extracellular vesicles released from endothelial colony-forming cells modulate angiogenesis during ischaemic retinopathy. J Cell Mol Med 2017. [PMID: 28631889 PMCID: PMC5706503 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial colony‐forming cells (ECFCs) are a defined subtype of endothelial progenitors that modulate vascular repair and promote perfusion in ischaemic tissues. Their paracrine activity on resident vasculature is ill‐defined, but mediated, at least in part, by the transfer of extracellular vesicles (EVs). To evaluate the potential of isolated EVs to provide an alternative to cell‐based therapies, we first performed a physical and molecular characterization of those released by ECFCs. Their effects upon endothelial cells in vitro and angiogenesis in vivo in a model of proliferative retinopathy were assessed. The EVs expressed typical markers CD9 and CD63 and formed a heterogeneous population ranging in size from ~60 to 1500 nm by electron microscopy. ECFC EVs were taken up by endothelial cells and increased cell migration. This was reflected by microarray analyses which showed significant changes in expression of genes associated with angiogenesis. Sequencing of small RNAs in ECFCs and their EVs showed that multiple microRNAs are highly expressed and concentrated in EVs. The functional categories significantly enriched for the predicted target genes of these microRNAs included angiogenesis. Intravitreally delivered ECFC EVs were associated with the vasculature and significantly reduced the avascular area in a mouse oxygen‐induced retinopathy model. Our findings confirm the potential of isolated EVs to influence endothelial cell function and act as a therapy to modulate angiogenesis. The functions associated with the specific microRNAs detected in ECFC EVs support a role for microRNA transfer in mediating the observed effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Dellett
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast Faculty of Medicine Health and Life Sciences, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute, Belfast, Co Antrim, UK
| | - Eoin D Brown
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast Faculty of Medicine Health and Life Sciences, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute, Belfast, Co Antrim, UK
| | - Jasenka Guduric-Fuchs
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast Faculty of Medicine Health and Life Sciences, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute, Belfast, Co Antrim, UK
| | - Anna O'Connor
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast Faculty of Medicine Health and Life Sciences, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute, Belfast, Co Antrim, UK
| | - Alan W Stitt
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast Faculty of Medicine Health and Life Sciences, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute, Belfast, Co Antrim, UK
| | - Reinhold J Medina
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast Faculty of Medicine Health and Life Sciences, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute, Belfast, Co Antrim, UK
| | - David A Simpson
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast Faculty of Medicine Health and Life Sciences, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute, Belfast, Co Antrim, UK
| |
Collapse
|
156
|
Bruno S, Tapparo M, Collino F, Chiabotto G, Deregibus MC, Soares Lindoso R, Neri F, Kholia S, Giunti S, Wen S, Quesenberry P, Camussi G. Renal Regenerative Potential of Different Extracellular Vesicle Populations Derived from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 23:1262-1273. [PMID: 28471327 PMCID: PMC5689130 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) promote the regeneration of kidneys in different animal models of acute kidney injury (AKI) in a manner comparable with the cells of origin. However, due to the heterogeneity observed in the EVs isolated from MSCs, it is unclear which population is responsible for the proregenerative effects. We therefore evaluated the effect of various EV populations separated by differential ultracentrifugation (10K population enriched with microvesicles and 100K population enriched with exosomes) on AKI recovery. Only the exosomal-enriched population induced an improvement of renal function and morphology comparable with that of the total EV population. Interestingly, the 100K EVs exerted a proproliferative effect on murine tubular epithelial cells, both in vitro and in vivo. Analysis of the molecular content from the different EV populations revealed a distinct profile. The 100K population, for instance, was enriched in specific mRNAs (CCNB1, CDK8, CDC6) reported to influence cell cycle entry and progression; miRNAs involved in regulating proliferative/antiapoptotic pathways and growth factors (hepatocyte growth factor and insulin-like growth factor-1) that could explain the effect of renal tubular cell proliferation. On the other hand, the EV population enriched in microvesicles (10K) was unable to induce renal regeneration and had a molecular profile with lower expression of proproliferative molecules. In conclusion, the different molecular composition of exosome- and microvesicle-enriched populations may explain the regenerative effect of EVs observed in AKI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Bruno
- 1 Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Marta Tapparo
- 2 Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Collino
- 2 Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy .,3 Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Giulia Chiabotto
- 2 Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Deregibus
- 2 Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Rafael Soares Lindoso
- 2 Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy .,3 Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Francesco Neri
- 4 Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI) Beutenbergstrasse , Jena, Germany .,5 Human Genetics Foundation, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Sharad Kholia
- 2 Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Sara Giunti
- 2 Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Sicheng Wen
- 6 Division of Hematology/Oncology, Brown University , Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Peter Quesenberry
- 6 Division of Hematology/Oncology, Brown University , Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- 2 Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
157
|
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are a heterogeneous population of microparticles released by virtually all living cells which have been recently widely investigated in different biological fields. They are typically composed of two primary types (exosomes and microvesicles) and are recently commanding increasing attention as mediators of cellular signaling. Indeed, these vesicles can affect recipient cells by carrying and delivering complex cargos of biomolecules (including proteins, lipids and nucleic acids), protected from enzymatic degradation in the environment. Their importance has been demonstrated in the pathophysiology of several organs, in particular in kidney, where different cell types secrete extracellular vesicles that mediate their communication with downstream urinary tract cells. Over the past few years, evidence has been shown that vesicles participate in kidney development and normal physiology. Moreover, EVs are widely demonstrated to be implicated in cellular signaling during renal regenerative and pathological processes. Although many EV mechanisms are still poorly understood, in particular in kidney, the discovery of their role could help to shed light on renal biological processes which are so far elusive. Lastly, extracellular vesicles secreted by renal cells gather in urine, thus becoming a great resource for disease or recovery markers and a promising non-invasive diagnostic instrument for renal disease. In the present review, we discuss the most recent findings on the role of extracellular vesicles in renal physiopathology and their potential implication in diagnosis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Gai
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, University of TurinTurin, Italy
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of TurinTurin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, University of TurinTurin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
158
|
Zhou Y, Tian T, Zhu Y, Jaffar Ali D, Hu F, Qi Y, Sun B, Xiao Z. Exosomes Transfer Among Different Species Cells and Mediating miRNAs Delivery. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:4267-4274. [PMID: 28422319 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes, the natural vehicles of intercellular communication, transfer proteins, mRNAs, and microRNAs (miRNAs) and mediate many physiological and pathological processes. It is not clear that whether exosomal miRNAs could regulate gene expression across species, though some studies suggest interactions of exosomal miRNAs between cells. In this report, we have isolated exosomes from rat PC12 cells and assessed their internalization by human cancer Hela cells. The internalized exosomes were located in Hela lysosomes. Human PTEN expression was significantly deregulated due to miR-21 delivered by rat cell exosomes. Our results prove that exosomes could incorporate between cells of different species and could regulate the protein expressions in the recipient cells by delivering the enclosed miRNAs. Thus our study foreshadows a futuristic treatment approach of utilizing miRNA enclosed exosome vehicles sans species concerns in combating various diseases/ regulating abnormal proteins. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4267-4274, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueyuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Neurobiology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenu, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yanliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Doulathunnisa Jaffar Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Feihu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yuhua Qi
- Key Laboratories of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Ministry of Health, Microbiological Laboratory, Jiangsu Center for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC), 172 Jiangsu Rd, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Zhongdang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| |
Collapse
|
159
|
Collett JA, Mehrotra P, Crone A, Shelley WC, Yoder MC, Basile DP. Endothelial colony-forming cells ameliorate endothelial dysfunction via secreted factors following ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 312:F897-F907. [PMID: 28228404 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00643.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Damage to endothelial cells contributes to acute kidney injury (AKI) by leading to impaired perfusion. Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFC) are endothelial precursor cells with high proliferative capacity, pro-angiogenic activity, and in vivo vessel forming potential. We hypothesized that ECFC may ameliorate the degree of AKI and/or promote repair of the renal vasculature following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVEC) with high proliferative potential were compared with pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAEC) with low proliferative potential in rats subjected to renal I/R. PMVEC administration reduced renal injury and hastened recovery as indicated by serum creatinine and tubular injury scores, while PAEC did not. Vehicle-treated control animals showed consistent reductions in renal medullary blood flow (MBF) within 2 h of reperfusion, while PMVEC protected against loss in MBF as measured by laser Doppler. Interestingly, PMVEC mediated protection occurred in the absence of homing to the kidney. Conditioned medium (CM) from human cultured cord blood ECFC also conveyed beneficial effects against I/R injury and loss of MBF. Moreover, ECFC-CM significantly reduced the expression of ICAM-1 and decreased the number of differentiated lymphocytes typically recruited into the kidney following renal ischemia. Taken together, these data suggest that ECFC secrete factors that preserve renal function post ischemia, in part, by preserving microvascular function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Collett
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana; and
| | - Purvi Mehrotra
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana; and
| | - Allison Crone
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana; and
| | - W Christopher Shelley
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mervin C Yoder
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - David P Basile
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana; and
| |
Collapse
|