151
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Steensma DP. Clinical consequences of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential. Blood Adv 2018; 2:3404-3410. [PMID: 30482770 PMCID: PMC6258914 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018020222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Clonally restricted hematopoiesis is a common aging-associated biological state that predisposes to subsequent development of a hematological malignancy or cardiovascular death. Clonal expansion driven by leukemia-associated somatic mutations, such as DNMT3A, ASXL1, or TET2, is best characterized, but oligoclonality can also emerge without recognized leukemia-driver mutations, perhaps as a result of stochastic neutral drift. Murine models provide compelling evidence that a major mechanism of increased cardiovascular mortality in the context of clonal hematopoiesis is accelerated atherogenesis driven by inflammasome-mediated endothelial injury, resulting from proinflammatory interactions between endothelium and macrophages derived from circulating clonal monocytes. Altered inflammation likely influences other biological processes as well. The rate of development of overt neoplasia in patients with clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), as currently defined, is 0.5% to 1% per year. Contributing factors to clonal progression other than acquisition of secondary mutations in hematopoietic cells (ie, stronger leukemia drivers) are incompletely understood. Disordered endogenous immunity in the context of increased proliferative pressure, short telomeres leading to chromosomal instability, an unhealthy marrow microenvironment that favors expansion of clonal stem cells and acquisition of new mutations while failing to support healthy hematopoiesis, and aging-associated changes in hematopoietic stem cells, including altered DNA damage response, an altered transcriptional program, and consequences of epigenetic alterations, are all potential contributors to clonal progression. Clinical management of patients with CHIP includes monitoring for hematological changes and reduction of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors; eventually, it will also likely include anti-inflammatory therapies and targeted approaches to prune emergent dangerous clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Steensma
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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152
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Current and Future Treatment Options for Myelodysplastic Syndromes: More Than Hypomethylating Agents and Lenalidomide? Drugs 2018; 78:1873-1885. [PMID: 30467725 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-018-1011-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a heterogeneous group of bone marrow disorders that result in cytopenias and a propensity to develop secondary leukemia. While allogeneic transplantation still remains the only potential curative treatment option, it can only be offered to a limited number of patients. For the majority, who are not transplant candidates, treatment strategies cover iron chelation, growth factors, lenalidomide, and hypomethylating agents to improve cytopenia and potentially delay disease progression. These limited options underpin the urgent need for more translational research-based clinical trials in well-defined subgroups of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Indeed, myelodysplastic syndromes are a moving target with maximum innovation in the understanding of the complex molecular pathways during the last decade. Compared with other hematological diseases such as myeloma, this has unfortunately not yet translated into approval of novel treatment options. Given the current developments in the field, we are optimistic that recent frustrations will be overcome shortly and this will pave the way for exciting opportunities, especially for patients not responding to first-line therapeutic options.
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153
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Bi-directional signaling by membrane-bound KitL induces proliferation and coordinates thymic endothelial cell and thymocyte expansion. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4685. [PMID: 30410062 PMCID: PMC6224562 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ligand for the c-Kit receptor, KitL, exists as a membrane-associated (mKitL) and a soluble form (sKitL). KitL functions outside c-Kit activation have not been identified. We show that co-culture of c-Kit– and mKitL–expressing NIH3T3 cells results in signaling through mKitL: c-Kit–bound mKitL recruits calcium-modulating cyclophilin ligand (CAML) to selectively activate Akt, leading to CREB phosphorylation, mTOR pathway activation, and increased cell proliferation. Activation of mKitL in thymic vascular endothelial cells (VECs) induces mKitL- and Akt-dependent proliferation, and genetic ablation of mKitL in thymic VECs blocks their c-Kit responsiveness and proliferation during neonatal thymic expansion. Therefore, mKitL–c-Kit form a bi-directional signaling complex that acts in the developing thymus to coordinate thymic VEC and early thymic progenitor (ETP) expansion by simultaneously promoting ETP survival and VEC proliferation. This mechanism may be relevant to both normal tissues and malignant tumors that depend on KitL–c-Kit signaling for their proliferation. c-Kit receptor–Kit ligand complex signaling is known to activate c-Kit and is essential for tissue development. Here, Buono et al. show that membrane-bound KitL signaling induces proliferation via CAML-Akt-CREB pathway activation, establishing a role for bidirectional signaling in tissue expansion.
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154
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Chokr N, Patel R, Wattamwar K, Chokr S. The Rising Era of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Adv Hematol 2018; 2018:2458679. [PMID: 30519261 PMCID: PMC6241340 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2458679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and a wide spectrum of manifestations ranging from indolent and asymptomatic cytopenias to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). MDS result from genetic and epigenetic derangements in clonal cells and their surrounding microenvironments. Studies have shown associations between MDS and other autoimmune diseases. Several immune mechanisms have been identified in MDS, suggesting that immune dysregulation might be at least partially implicated in its pathogenesis. This has led to rigorous investigations on the role of immunomodulatory drugs as potential treatment options. Epigenetic modification via immune check point inhibition, while well established as a treatment method for advanced solid tumors, is a new approach being considered in hematologic malignancies including high risk MDS. Several trials are looking at the efficacy of these agents in MDS, as frontline therapy and in relapse, both as monotherapy and in combination with other drugs. In this review, we explore the utility of immune checkpoint inhibitors in MDS and current research evaluating their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Chokr
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Waterbury Hospital, Waterbury, CT, USA
| | | | - Kapil Wattamwar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Waterbury Hospital, Waterbury, CT, USA
| | - Samer Chokr
- Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
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155
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Cheung LC, Tickner J, Hughes AM, Skut P, Howlett M, Foley B, Oommen J, Wells JE, He B, Singh S, Chua GA, Ford J, Mullighan CG, Kotecha RS, Kees UR. New therapeutic opportunities from dissecting the pre-B leukemia bone marrow microenvironment. Leukemia 2018; 32:2326-2338. [PMID: 29740160 PMCID: PMC6224400 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0144-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The microenvironments of leukemia and cancer are critical for multiple stages of malignancies, and they are an attractive therapeutic target. While skeletal abnormalities are commonly seen in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) prior to initiating osteotoxic therapy, little is known about the alterations to the bone marrow microenvironment during leukemogenesis. Therefore, in this study, we focused on the development of precursor-B cell ALL (pre-B ALL) in an immunocompetent BCR-ABL1+ model. Here we show that hematopoiesis was perturbed, B lymphopoiesis was impaired, collagen production was reduced, and the number of osteoblastic cells was decreased in the bone marrow microenvironment. As previously found in children with ALL, the leukemia-bearing mice exhibited severe bone loss during leukemogenesis. Leukemia cells produced high levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), sufficient to cause osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. In vivo administration of zoledronic acid rescued leukemia-induced bone loss, reduced disease burden and prolonged survival in leukemia-bearing mice. Taken together, we provide evidence that targeting leukemia-induced bone loss is a therapeutic strategy for pre-B ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence C Cheung
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Jennifer Tickner
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Anastasia M Hughes
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Patrycja Skut
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Meegan Howlett
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Bree Foley
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Joyce Oommen
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Julia E Wells
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Bo He
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Sajla Singh
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Grace-Alyssa Chua
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jette Ford
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Charles G Mullighan
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Rishi S Kotecha
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Ursula R Kees
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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156
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Corradi G, Baldazzi C, Očadlíková D, Marconi G, Parisi S, Testoni N, Finelli C, Cavo M, Curti A, Ciciarello M. Mesenchymal stromal cells from myelodysplastic and acute myeloid leukemia patients display in vitro reduced proliferative potential and similar capacity to support leukemia cell survival. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:271. [PMID: 30359303 PMCID: PMC6202844 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1013-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are an essential element of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, playing a crucial function in regulating hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Recent findings have outlined a putative role for MSCs in hematological malignancy development. So far, conflicting results have been collected concerning MSC abnormalities in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). In particular, a considerable amount of evidence has been accumulated strongly supporting a permissive role of MSCs in malignancy evolution to MDS, while a potentially causative or promoting function performed by MSCs in AML has not yet been fully clarified. Here, we compared MSCs isolated from healthy, MDS, and AML subjects to investigate MSC alterations and to emphasize putative common and/or diverse features. METHODS We isolated and expanded MSCs from AML patients (AML-MSCs) and MDS patients (MDS-MSCs), and we analyzed and compared their phenotypic and functional properties with respect to each other and versus healthy donor-derived MSCs (HD-MSCs). RESULTS We found that stable MSC cultures could be easily established from HD and MDS mononuclear BM-derived cells, while a substantial fraction (25%) of AML patients failed to yield MSCs. Nevertheless, isolated MDS-MSCs and AML-MSCs, as well as HD-MSCs, contained the basic features of MSCs. Indeed, they displayed similar surface marker expression and efficient capacity to differentiate versus osteogenic and adipogenic lineage in vitro. We also proved that MDS-MSCs and AML-MSCs, analyzed by fluorescence in-situ hybridization, did not harbor leukemic cell cytogenetic abnormalities. Moreover, MDS-MSCs and AML-MSCs were similar in terms of ability to sustain AML cell viability and immune-regulatory capacity. However, we were also able to detect some differences between AML-MSCs and MDS-MSCs. Indeed, we found that the frequency of rescued MSCs was lower in the AML group than in the HD and MDS groups, suggesting that a reduced number of MSC precursors could inhabit AML BM. Instead, MDS-MSCs showed the lowest proliferative capacity, reflecting some intrinsic and particular defect. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our results elucidated that MDS-MSCs and AML-MSCs did not show macroscopic and/or tumor-related defects, but both displayed functional features potentially contributing to favor a leukemia-protective milieu.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Survival
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Male
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/pathology
- Middle Aged
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/genetics
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/metabolism
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/pathology
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Primary Cell Culture
- Risk
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Corradi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmen Baldazzi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Darina Očadlíková
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marconi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sarah Parisi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Testoni
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo Finelli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Cavo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Curti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marilena Ciciarello
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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157
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Activation of NF-κB driven inflammatory programs in mesenchymal elements attenuates hematopoiesis in low-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. Leukemia 2018; 33:536-541. [PMID: 30315231 PMCID: PMC6365382 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0267-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Activation of NF-κB signaling in mesenchymal cells is common in LR-MDS. Activation of NF-κB in mesenchymal cells leads to transcriptional overexpression of inflammatory factors including negative regulators of hematopoiesis. Activation of NF-κB attenuates HSPC numbers and function ex vivo.
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158
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Chung YJ, Khawaja G, Wolcott KM, Aplan PD. Use of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation to Assess the Origin of Myelodysplastic Syndrome. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 30346380 DOI: 10.3791/58140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a diverse group of hematopoietic stem cell disorders that are defined by ineffective hematopoiesis, peripheral blood cytopenias, dysplasia, and a propensity for transformation to acute leukemia. NUP98-HOXD13 (NHD13) transgenic mice recapitulate human MDS in terms of peripheral blood cytopenias, dysplasia, and transformation to acute leukemia. We previously demonstrated that MDS could be transferred from a genetically engineered mouse with MDS to wild-type recipients by transplanting MDS bone marrow nucleated cells (BMNC). To more clearly understand the MDS cell of origin, we have developed approaches to transplant specific, immunophenotypically defined hematopoietic subsets. In this article, we describe the process of isolating and transplanting specific populations of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Following transplantation, we describe approaches to assess the efficiency of transplantation and persistence of the donor MDS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jo Chung
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health;
| | - Ghanwa Khawaja
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health
| | - Karen M Wolcott
- LGI Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health
| | - Peter D Aplan
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health
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159
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Lin P, Ren Y, Yan X, Luo Y, Zhang H, Kesarwani M, Bu J, Zhan D, Zhou Y, Tang Y, Zhu S, Xu W, Zhou X, Mei C, Ma L, Ye L, Hu C, Azam M, Ding W, Jin J, Huang G, Tong H. The high NRF2 expression confers chemotherapy resistance partly through up-regulated DUSP1 in myelodysplastic syndromes. Haematologica 2018; 104:485-496. [PMID: 30262569 PMCID: PMC6395322 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.197749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cytarabine has been widely considered as one of the chemotherapy drugs for high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), the overall response rate is only approximately 20-30%. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2, also called NFE2L2) has been shown to play a pivotal role in preventing cancer cells from being affected by chemotherapy. However, it is not yet known whether NRF2 can be used as a prognostic biomarker in MDS, or whether elevated NRF2 levels are associated with cytarabine resistance. Here, we found that NRF2 expression levels in bone marrow from high-risk patients exceeded that of low-risk MDS patients. Importantly, high NRF2 levels are correlated with inferior outcomes in MDS patients (n=137). Downregulation of NRF2 by the inhibitor Luteolin, or lentiviral shRNA knockdown, enhanced the chemotherapeutic efficacy of cytarabine, while MDS cells treated by NRF2 agonist Sulforaphane showed increased resistance to cytarabine. More importantly, pharmacological inhibition of NRF2 could sensitize primary high-risk MDS cells to cytarabine treatment. Mechanistically, downregulation of dual specificity protein phosphatase 1, an NRF2 direct target gene, could abrogate cytarabine resistance in NRF2 elevated MDS cells. Silencing NRF2 or dual specificity protein phosphatase 1 also significantly sensitized cytarabine treatment and inhibited tumors in MDS cells transplanted mouse models in vivo. Our study suggests that targeting NRF2 in combination with conventional chemotherapy could pave the way for future therapy for high-risk MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Lin
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Divisions of Pathology and Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA
| | - Yanling Ren
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Yan
- Divisions of Pathology and Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA
| | - Yingwan Luo
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meenu Kesarwani
- Divisions of Pathology and Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA
| | - Jiachen Bu
- Divisions of Pathology and Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA
| | - Di Zhan
- Divisions of Pathology and Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA
| | - Yile Zhou
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Divisions of Pathology and Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA
| | - Yuting Tang
- Divisions of Pathology and Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA
| | - Shuanghong Zhu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weilai Xu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinping Zhou
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Mei
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liya Ma
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Ye
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Hu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mohammad Azam
- Divisions of Pathology and Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Divisions of Pathology and Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA
| | - Hongyan Tong
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China .,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Myelodysplastic Syndromes Diagnosis and Therapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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160
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Senft D, Jeremias I. A rare subgroup of leukemia stem cells harbors relapse-inducing potential in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Exp Hematol 2018; 69:1-10. [PMID: 30261200 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
After initially successful chemotherapy, relapse frequently jeopardizes the outcome of patients with acute leukemia. Because of their adverse characteristics of self-renewal and dormancy, leukemia stem cells have been hypothesized to play a critical role in resistance to antiproliferative chemotherapy and the development of relapse. The high abundance of stem-like cells in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), however, suggests that not all leukemia-initiating cells carry these adverse characteristics, complicating the biological characterization of relapse-inducing cells in this malignancy. Here, we review sources of therapy resistance and relapse in acute leukemias, which include tumor cell plasticity and reversible characteristics. We discuss the development of patient-derived mouse models that are genetically engineered to mimic long-term dormancy and minimal residual disease in patients. These models allow the tracking and functional characterization of patient-derived ALL blasts that combine the properties of long-term dormancy, treatment resistance, and stemness. Finally, we discuss possible therapeutic avenues to target the functional plasticity of leukemia-initiating cells in ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Senft
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), Munich, Germany
| | - Irmela Jeremias
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), Munich, Germany; Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Childrens Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Partnering Site Munich, Munich, Germany.
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161
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Cheng H, Sun G, Cheng T. Hematopoiesis and microenvironment in hematological malignancies. CELL REGENERATION 2018; 7:22-26. [PMID: 30671226 PMCID: PMC6326248 DOI: 10.1016/j.cr.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitors (HPCs) reside in the bone marrow, a highly orchestrated architecture. In the bone marrow, the process of how HSCs exert self-renewal and differentiation is tightly regulated by the surrounding microenvironment, or niche. Recent advances in imaging technologies and numerous knockout or knockin mouse models have greatly improved our understanding of the organization of the bone marrow niche. This niche compartment includes a complex network of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), osteolineage cells, endothelial cells (arterioles and sinusoids), sympathetic nerves, nonmyelinating Schwann cells and megakaryocytes. In addition, different types of mediators, such as cytokines/chemokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and exosomes play a pivotal role in regulating the function of hematopoietic cells. Therefore, the niche components and the hematopoietic system make up an ecological environment that maintains the homeostasis and responds to stress, damage or disease conditions. On the other hand, the niche compartment can become a traitor that can do harm to normal hematopoietic cells under pathological conditions. Studies on the diseased bone marrow niche have only recently begun to appear in the extant literature. In this short review, we discuss the most recent advances regarding the behaviors of normal hematopoietic cells and their niche alterations in hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, China.,Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Guohuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, China.,Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, China.,Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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162
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Aanei CM, Catafal LC. Evaluation of bone marrow microenvironment could change how myelodysplastic syndromes are diagnosed and treated. Cytometry A 2018; 93:916-928. [PMID: 30211968 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic disorders. However, the therapies used against the hematopoietic stem cells clones have limited efficacy; they slow the evolution toward acute myeloid leukemia rather than stop clonal evolution and eradicate the disease. The progress made in recent years regarding the role of the bone marrow microenvironment in disease evolution may contribute to progress in this area. This review presents the recent updates on the role of the bone marrow microenvironment in myelodysplastic syndromes pathogenesis and tries to find answers regarding how this information could improve myelodysplastic syndromes diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Mariana Aanei
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU de Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France
| | - Lydia Campos Catafal
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU de Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France
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163
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Chronic immune response dysregulation in MDS pathogenesis. Blood 2018; 132:1553-1560. [PMID: 30104218 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-03-784116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic innate immune signaling in hematopoietic cells is widely described in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and innate immune pathway activation, predominantly via pattern recognition receptors, increases the risk of developing MDS. An inflammatory component to MDS has been reported for many years, but only recently has evidence supported a more direct role of chronic innate immune signaling and associated inflammatory pathways in the pathogenesis of MDS. Here we review recent findings and discuss relevant questions related to chronic immune response dysregulation in MDS.
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164
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Should more MDS patients be treated with immune-suppression? Leuk Res 2018; 71:25-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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165
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Ivy KS, Brent Ferrell P. Disordered Immune Regulation and its Therapeutic Targeting in Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2018; 13:244-255. [PMID: 29934935 PMCID: PMC6560359 DOI: 10.1007/s11899-018-0463-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Immune dysregulation is a defining feature of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Recently, several studies have further defined the complex role of immune alterations within MDS. Herein, we will summarize some of these findings and discuss the therapeutic strategies currently in development. RECENT FINDINGS Immune alterations in MDS are complex, heterogeneous, and intertwined with clonal hematopoiesis and stromal cell dysfunction. Inflammation in MDS proceeds as a vicious cycle, mediated in large part by secreted factors, which induce cell death and activate innate immune signaling. Therapeutic targeting of this variable immune dysregulation has led to modest responses thus far, but incorporation of the growing repertoire of immunotherapy brings new potential for improved outcomes. The immune milieu is variable across the spectrum of MDS subtypes, with a changing balance of inflammatory and suppressive cellular forces from low- to high-risk disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn S Ivy
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - P Brent Ferrell
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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166
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Lopez-Millan B, Diaz de la Guardia R, Roca-Ho H, Anguita E, Islam ABMMK, Romero-Moya D, Prieto C, Gutierrez-Agüera F, Bejarano-Garcia JA, Perez-Simon JA, Costales P, Rovira M, Marín P, Menendez S, Iglesias M, Fuster JL, Urbano-Ispizua A, Anjos-Afonso F, Bueno C, Menendez P. IMiDs mobilize acute myeloid leukemia blasts to peripheral blood through downregulation of CXCR4 but fail to potentiate AraC/Idarubicin activity in preclinical models of non del5q/5q- AML. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1477460. [PMID: 30228947 PMCID: PMC6140592 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1477460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains suboptimal and many patients remain refractory or relapse upon standard chemotherapy based on nucleoside analogs plus anthracyclines. The crosstalk between AML cells and the BM stroma is a major mechanism underlying therapy resistance in AML. Lenalidomide and pomalidomide, a new generation immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), possess pleiotropic anti-leukemic properties including potent immune-modulating effects and are commonly used in hematological malignances associated with intrinsic dysfunctional BM such as myelodysplastic syndromes and multiple myeloma. Whether IMiDs may improve the efficacy of current standard treatment in AML remains understudied. Here, we have exploited in vitro and in vivo preclinical AML models to analyze whether IMiDs potentiate the efficacy of AraC/Idarubicin-based standard AML chemotherapy by interfering with the BM stroma-mediated chemoresistance. We report that IMiDs do not exert cytotoxic effects on either non-del5q/5q- AML cells nor BM-MSCs, but they enhance the immunomodulatory properties of BM-MSCs. When combined with AraC/Idarubicin, IMiDs fail to circumvent BM stroma-mediated resistance of non-del5q/5q- AML cells in vitro and in vivo but induce robust extramedullary mobilization of AML cells. When administered as a single agent, lenalidomide specifically mobilizes non-del5q/5q- AML cells, but not healthy CD34+ cells, to peripheral blood (PB) through specific downregulation of CXCR4 in AML blasts. Global gene expression profiling supports a migratory/mobilization gene signature in lenalidomide-treated non-del5q/5q- AML blasts but not in CD34+ cells. Collectively, IMiDs mobilize non-del5q/5q- AML blasts to PB through CXCR4 downregulation, but fail to potentiate AraC/Idarubicin activity in preclinical models of non-del5q/5q- AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belen Lopez-Millan
- Department of Biomedicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute-Campus Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Diaz de la Guardia
- Department of Biomedicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute-Campus Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Heleia Roca-Ho
- Department of Biomedicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute-Campus Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Anguita
- Hematology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Abul B M M K Islam
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Damia Romero-Moya
- Department of Biomedicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute-Campus Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Prieto
- Department of Biomedicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute-Campus Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Gutierrez-Agüera
- Department of Biomedicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute-Campus Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Bejarano-Garcia
- Hematology department, Universidad de Sevilla, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS) Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Seville, Spain.,Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Perez-Simon
- Hematology department, Universidad de Sevilla, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS) Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Montse Rovira
- Hematology Department, Hospital Clínico de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Marín
- Hematology Department, Hospital Clínico de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Mar Iglesias
- Pathology Service, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Fuster
- Oncohematology department, Sección de Oncohematología Pediátrica, Hospital Clínico Virgen de Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alvaro Urbano-Ispizua
- Department of Biomedicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute-Campus Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Hematology Department, Hospital Clínico de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,ISCIII, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Anjos-Afonso
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, Cardiff, UK
| | - Clara Bueno
- Department of Biomedicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute-Campus Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Menendez
- Department of Biomedicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute-Campus Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,ISCIII, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain.,Instituciò Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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167
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Galán-Díez M, Cuesta-Domínguez Á, Kousteni S. The Bone Marrow Microenvironment in Health and Myeloid Malignancy. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2018; 8:a031328. [PMID: 28963115 PMCID: PMC6027930 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a031328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) interact dynamically with an intricate network of cells in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment or niche. These interactions provide instructive cues that influence the production and lineage determination of different types of blood cells and maintenance of HSC quiescence. They also contribute to hematopoietic deregulation and hematological myeloid malignancies. Alterations in the BM niche are commonly observed in myeloid malignancies and contribute to the aberrant function of myelodysplastic and leukemia-initiating stem cells. In this work, we review how different components of the BM niche affect normal hematopoiesis, the molecular signals that govern this interaction, and how genetic changes in stromal cells or alterations in remodeled malignant BM niches contribute to myeloid malignancies. Understanding the intricacies between normal and malignant niches and their modulation may provide insights into developing novel therapeutics for blood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Galán-Díez
- Department of Physiology & Cellular Biophysics, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Álvaro Cuesta-Domínguez
- Department of Physiology & Cellular Biophysics, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Stavroula Kousteni
- Department of Physiology & Cellular Biophysics, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
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168
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Kuykendall A, Duployez N, Boissel N, Lancet JE, Welch JS. Acute Myeloid Leukemia: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2018; 38:555-573. [PMID: 30231330 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_199519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was initially subdivided according to morphology (the French-American-British system), which proved helpful in pathologic categorization. Subsequently, clinical and genomic factors were found to correlate with response to chemotherapy and with overall survival. These included a history of antecedent hematologic disease, a history of chemotherapy or radiation therapy, the presence of various recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities, and, more recently, the presence of specific point mutations. This article reviews the biology and responses of one AML subgroup with consistent response and good outcomes following chemotherapy (core-binding factor leukemia), and two subgroups with persistently bad, and even ugly, outcomes (secondary AML and TP53-mutated AML).
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MESH Headings
- Alleles
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Core Binding Factors/genetics
- Core Binding Factors/metabolism
- Gene Frequency
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/etiology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/mortality
- Mutation
- Neoplasm, Residual/diagnosis
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/diagnosis
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/epidemiology
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/etiology
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/therapy
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kuykendall
- From the Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; CHU Lille, INSERM, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Lille, Lille, France; Hematology Department, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Nicolas Duployez
- From the Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; CHU Lille, INSERM, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Lille, Lille, France; Hematology Department, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Nicolas Boissel
- From the Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; CHU Lille, INSERM, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Lille, Lille, France; Hematology Department, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jeffrey E Lancet
- From the Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; CHU Lille, INSERM, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Lille, Lille, France; Hematology Department, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - John S Welch
- From the Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; CHU Lille, INSERM, Laboratory of Hematology, University of Lille, Lille, France; Hematology Department, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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169
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Schürch CM. Therapeutic Antibodies for Myeloid Neoplasms-Current Developments and Future Directions. Front Oncol 2018; 8:152. [PMID: 29868474 PMCID: PMC5968093 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) such as antibody-drug conjugates, ligand-receptor antagonists, immune checkpoint inhibitors and bispecific T cell engagers have shown impressive efficacy in the treatment of multiple human cancers. Numerous therapeutic mAbs that have been developed for myeloid neoplasms, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), are currently investigated in clinical trials. Because AML and MDS originate from malignantly transformed hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells-the so-called leukemic stem cells (LSCs) that are highly resistant to most standard drugs-these malignancies frequently relapse and have a high disease-specific mortality. Therefore, combining standard chemotherapy with antileukemic mAbs that specifically target malignant blasts and particularly LSCs or utilizing mAbs that reinforce antileukemic host immunity holds great promise for improving patient outcomes. This review provides an overview of therapeutic mAbs for AML and MDS. Antibody targets, the molecular mechanisms of action, the efficacy in preclinical leukemia models, and the results of clinical trials are discussed. New developments and future studies of therapeutic mAbs in myeloid neoplasms will advance our understanding of the immunobiology of these diseases and enhance current therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M. Schürch
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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170
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Geyh S, Rodríguez-Paredes M, Jäger P, Koch A, Bormann F, Gutekunst J, Zilkens C, Germing U, Kobbe G, Lyko F, Haas R, Schroeder T. Transforming growth factor β1-mediated functional inhibition of mesenchymal stromal cells in myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 2018; 103:1462-1471. [PMID: 29773599 PMCID: PMC6119130 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.186734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells are involved in the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia, but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. To further characterize the pathological phenotype we performed RNA sequencing of mesenchymal stromal cells from patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia and found a specific molecular signature of genes commonly deregulated in these disorders. Pathway analysis showed a strong enrichment of genes related to osteogenesis, senescence, inflammation and inhibitory cytokines, thereby reflecting the structural and functional deficits of mesenchymal stromal cells in myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia on a molecular level. Further analysis identified transforming growth factor β1 as the most probable extrinsic trigger factor for this altered gene expression. Following exposure to transforming growth factor β1, healthy mesenchymal stromal cells developed functional deficits and adopted a phenotype reminiscent of that observed in patient-derived stromal cells. These suppressive effects of transforming growth factor β1 on stromal cell functionality were abrogated by SD-208, an established inhibitor of transforming growth factor β receptor signaling. Blockade of transforming growth factor β signaling by SD-208 also restored the osteogenic differentiation capacity of patient-derived stromal cells, thus confirming the role of transforming growth factor β1 in the bone marrow microenvironment of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia. Our findings establish transforming growth factor β1 as a relevant trigger causing functional inhibition of mesenchymal stromal cells in myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia and identify SD-208 as a candidate to revert these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Geyh
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University of Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Germany
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Paredes
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University of Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Germany.,Division of Epigenetics, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paul Jäger
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University of Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Germany
| | - Annemarie Koch
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University of Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Germany
| | - Felix Bormann
- Division of Epigenetics, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julian Gutekunst
- Division of Epigenetics, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Zilkens
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Germany
| | - Ulrich Germing
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University of Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Germany
| | - Guido Kobbe
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University of Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Germany
| | - Frank Lyko
- Division of Epigenetics, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Haas
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University of Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Germany
| | - Thomas Schroeder
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University of Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Germany
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171
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Zacharaki D, Ghazanfari R, Li H, Lim HC, Scheding S. Effects of JAK1/2 inhibition on bone marrow stromal cells of myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) patients and healthy individuals. Eur J Haematol 2018; 101:57-67. [DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Zacharaki
- Division of Molecular Hematology & Lund Stem Cell Center; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - Roshanak Ghazanfari
- Division of Molecular Hematology & Lund Stem Cell Center; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - Hongzhe Li
- Division of Molecular Hematology & Lund Stem Cell Center; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - Hooi Ching Lim
- Division of Molecular Hematology & Lund Stem Cell Center; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - Stefan Scheding
- Division of Molecular Hematology & Lund Stem Cell Center; Lund University; Lund Sweden
- Department of Hematology; Skåne University Hospital Lund; Lund Sweden
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172
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Mattiucci D, Maurizi G, Leoni P, Poloni A. Aging- and Senescence-associated Changes of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:754-764. [PMID: 29682980 PMCID: PMC6047275 DOI: 10.1177/0963689717745890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells reside within the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. By a well-balanced interplay between self-renewal and differentiation, they ensure a lifelong supply of mature blood cells. Physiologically, multiple different cell types contribute to the regulation of stem and progenitor cells in the BM microenvironment by cell-extrinsic and cell-intrinsic mechanisms. During the last decades, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been identified as one of the main cellular components of the BM microenvironment holding an indispensable role for normal hematopoiesis. During aging, MSCs diminish their functional and regenerative capacities and in some cases encounter replicative senescence, promoting inflammation and cancer progression. It is now evident that alterations in specific stromal cells that comprise the BM microenvironment can contribute to hematologic malignancies, and there is growing interest regarding the contribution of MSCs to the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs), a clonal hematological disorder, occurring mostly in the elderly, characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and increased tendency to acute myeloid leukemia evolution. The pathogenesis of MDS has been associated with specific genetic and epigenetic events occurring both in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and in the whole BM microenvironment with an aberrant cross talk between hematopoietic elements and stromal compartment. This review highlights the role of MSCs in MDS showing functional and molecular alterations such as altered cell-cycle regulation with impaired proliferative potential, dysregulated cytokine secretion, and an abnormal gene expression profile. Here, the current knowledge of impaired functional properties of both aged MSCs and MSCs in MDS have been described with a special focus on inflammation and senescence induced changes in the BM microenvironment. Furthermore, a better understanding of aberrant BM microenvironment could improve future potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Mattiucci
- 1 Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica di Ematologia, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulia Maurizi
- 1 Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica di Ematologia, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Pietro Leoni
- 1 Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica di Ematologia, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonella Poloni
- 1 Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica di Ematologia, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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173
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Associations of myeloid hematological diseases of the elderly with osteoporosis: A longitudinal analysis of routine health care data. Leuk Res 2018; 69:81-86. [PMID: 29705535 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) are hematological stem cell diseases mainly of the elderly. Studies indicate a close relationship between bone metabolism and hematopoietic stem cells within the osteo-hematopoietic niche. However, it remains unclear how the disturbed interaction within the osteo-hematopoietic niche affects bone homeostasis in MDS and AML patients. METHODS We utilized data of a large German statutory health insurance of approximately 2 million persons living in the German federal state of Saxony. Applying case definitions based on diagnosis, procedures and prescriptions we identified prevalent and incident cases with MDS, AML and osteoporosis (OSP) in persons aged ≥60 years. We applied time-to-event analyses to determine the relationship of MDS and AML with OSP with a specific focus on temporality. RESULTS Among all individuals aged ≥60 years (n = 891,095), 2.62% (n = 23,326), 0.14% (n = 1219) and 0.10% (n = 893) were identified with incident OSP, MDS and AML, respectively. The risk of incident OSP was significantly increased in patients with prevalent MDS (sex and age-adjusted model: HR = 1.87, 95%CI: 1.51-2.23). Conversely, patients with prevalent OSP had an increased risk to be diagnosed with incident MDS in the adjusted model (HR = 1.42, 1.19-1.65). For AML no significant associations were observed (adjusted models: inc. OSP with pre. AML; HR = 1.06, 0.65-1.47; inc. AML with pre. OSP; HR = 0.82, 0.41-1.23). DISCUSSION Our results could indicate a clinically relevant relationship between MDS and OSP in elderly patients, most likely resulting from a disturbed microenvironment within the osteo-hematopoietic niche. An alternative, non-causal explanation that MDS is caused by the medication prescribed for OSP can be partially ruled out, as the association between the two diseases remains if incident OSP cases are considered in patients with pre-existing MDS. These results need to be confirmed within other prospective studies and may allow then for comprehensive strategies for the prevention, early detection and clinical care of patients with MDS and OSP.
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174
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Goulard M, Dosquet C, Bonnet D. Role of the microenvironment in myeloid malignancies. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:1377-1391. [PMID: 29222645 PMCID: PMC5852194 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2725-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) regulates the fate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in homeostatic and pathologic conditions. In myeloid malignancies, new insights into the role of the BMM and its cellular and molecular actors in the progression of the diseases have started to emerge. In this review, we will focus on describing the major players of the HSC niche and the role of the altered niche function in myeloid malignancies, more specifically focusing on the mesenchymal stroma cell compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Goulard
- INSERM, UMRS1131-Paris Diderot University, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Christine Dosquet
- INSERM, UMRS1131-Paris Diderot University, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France
- Cell Biology Department, APHP, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Bonnet
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1, Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
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175
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Kornblau SM, Ruvolo PP, Wang RY, Battula VL, Shpall EJ, Ruvolo VR, McQueen T, Qui Y, Zeng Z, Pierce S, Jacamo R, Yoo SY, Le PM, Sun J, Hail N, Konopleva M, Andreeff M. Distinct protein signatures of acute myeloid leukemia bone marrow-derived stromal cells are prognostic for patient survival. Haematologica 2018; 103:810-821. [PMID: 29545342 PMCID: PMC5927978 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.172429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) support acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell survival in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. Protein expression profiles of AML-derived MSC are unknown. Reverse phase protein array analysis was performed to compare expression of 151 proteins from AML-MSC (n=106) with MSC from healthy donors (n=71). Protein expression differed significantly between the two groups with 19 proteins over-expressed in leukemia stromal cells and 9 over-expressed in normal stromal cells. Unbiased hierarchical clustering analysis of the samples using these 28 proteins revealed three protein constellations whose variation in expression defined four MSC protein expression signatures: Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, and Class 4. These cell populations appear to have clinical relevance. Specifically, patients with Class 3 cells have longer survival and remission duration compared to other groups. Comparison of leukemia MSC at first diagnosis with those obtained at salvage (i.e. relapse/refractory) showed differential expression of 9 proteins reflecting a shift toward osteogenic differentiation. Leukemia MSC are more senescent compared to their normal counterparts, possibly due to the overexpressed p53/p21 axis as confirmed by high β-galactosidase staining. In addition, overexpression of BCL-XL in leukemia MSC might give survival advantage under conditions of senescence or stress and overexpressed galectin-3 exerts profound immunosuppression. Together, our findings suggest that the identification of specific populations of MSC in AML patients may be an important determinant of therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Kornblau
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, TX, USA
| | - Peter P Ruvolo
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, TX, USA
| | - Rui-Yu Wang
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, TX, USA
| | - V Lokesh Battula
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Shpall
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, TX, USA
| | - Vivian R Ruvolo
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, TX, USA
| | - Teresa McQueen
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, TX, USA
| | - YiHua Qui
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, TX, USA
| | - Zhihong Zeng
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, TX, USA
| | - Sherry Pierce
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, TX, USA
| | - Rodrigo Jacamo
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, TX, USA
| | - Suk-Young Yoo
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, TX, USA
| | - Phuong M Le
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey Sun
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, TX, USA
| | - Numsen Hail
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, TX, USA
| | - Marina Konopleva
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, TX, USA
| | - Michael Andreeff
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, TX, USA
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176
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Krevvata M, Shan X, Zhou C, Dos Santos C, Habineza Ndikuyeze G, Secreto A, Glover J, Trotman W, Brake-Silla G, Nunez-Cruz S, Wertheim G, Ra HJ, Griffiths E, Papachristou C, Danet-Desnoyers G, Carroll M. Cytokines increase engraftment of human acute myeloid leukemia cells in immunocompromised mice but not engraftment of human myelodysplastic syndrome cells. Haematologica 2018; 103:959-971. [PMID: 29545344 PMCID: PMC6058784 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.183202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived xenotransplantation models of human myeloid diseases including acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative neoplasms are essential for studying the biology of the diseases in pre-clinical studies. However, few studies have used these models for comparative purposes. Previous work has shown that acute myeloid leukemia blasts respond to human hematopoietic cytokines whereas myelodysplastic syndrome cells do not. We compared the engraftment of acute myeloid leukemia cells and myelodysplastic syndrome cells in NSG mice to that in NSG-S mice, which have transgene expression of human cytokines. We observed that only 50% of all primary acute myeloid leukemia samples (n=77) transplanted in NSG mice provided useful levels of engraftment (>0.5% human blasts in bone marrow). In contrast, 82% of primary acute myeloid leukemia samples engrafted in NSG-S mice with higher leukemic burden and shortened survival. Additionally, all of 5 injected samples from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome showed persistent engraftment on week 6; however, engraftment was mostly low (<2%), did not increase over time, and was only transiently affected by the use of NSG-S mice. Co-injection of mesenchymal stem cells did not enhance human myelodysplastic syndrome cell engraftment. Overall, we conclude that engraftment of acute myeloid leukemia samples is more robust compared to that of myelodysplastic syndrome samples and unlike those, acute myeloid leukemia cells respond positively to human cytokines, whereas myelodysplastic syndrome cells demonstrate a general unresponsiveness to them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Krevvata
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Xiaochuan Shan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Chenghui Zhou
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Cedric Dos Santos
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Georges Habineza Ndikuyeze
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Anthony Secreto
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Joshua Glover
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Winifred Trotman
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Gisela Brake-Silla
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Selene Nunez-Cruz
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Gerald Wertheim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Hyun-Jeong Ra
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | | - Gwenn Danet-Desnoyers
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Martin Carroll
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA .,Veterans Administration Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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177
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Abarrategi A, Mian SA, Passaro D, Rouault-Pierre K, Grey W, Bonnet D. Modeling the human bone marrow niche in mice: From host bone marrow engraftment to bioengineering approaches. J Exp Med 2018; 215:729-743. [PMID: 29453226 PMCID: PMC5839768 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20172139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Xenotransplantation of patient-derived samples in mouse models has been instrumental in depicting the role of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in the establishment as well as progression of hematological malignancies. The foundations for this field of research have been based on the development of immunodeficient mouse models, which provide normal and malignant human hematopoietic cells with a supportive microenvironment. Immunosuppressed and genetically modified mice expressing human growth factors were key milestones in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, highlighting the importance of developing humanized microenvironments. The latest major improvement has been the use of human bone marrow (BM) niche-forming cells to generate human-mouse chimeric BM tissues in PDXs, which can shed light on the interactions between human stroma and hematopoietic cells. Here, we summarize the methods used for human hematopoietic cell xenotransplantation and their milestones and review the latest approaches in generating humanized BM tissues in mice to study human normal and malignant hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ander Abarrategi
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, England, UK
| | - Syed A Mian
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, England, UK
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College London School of Medicine, London, England, UK
| | - Diana Passaro
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, England, UK
| | - Kevin Rouault-Pierre
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, England, UK
- Department of Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, England, UK
| | - William Grey
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, England, UK
| | - Dominique Bonnet
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, England, UK
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178
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Sarkaria SM, Decker M, Ding L. Bone Marrow Micro-Environment in Normal and Deranged Hematopoiesis: Opportunities for Regenerative Medicine and Therapies. Bioessays 2018; 40:10.1002/bies.201700190. [PMID: 29384206 PMCID: PMC5872840 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201700190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Various cell types cooperate to create a highly organized and dynamic micro-environmental niche in the bone marrow. Over the past several years, the field has increasingly recognized the critical roles of the interplay between bone marrow environment and hematopoietic cells in normal and deranged hematopoiesis. These advances rely on several new technologies that have allowed us to characterize the identity and roles of these niches in great detail. Here, we review the progress of the last several years, list some of the outstanding questions in the field and propose ways to target the diseased environment to better treat hematologic diseases. Understanding the extrinsic regulation by the niche will help boost hematopoiesis for regenerative medicine. Based on natural development of hematologic malignancies, we propose that combinatory targeting the niche and hematopoietic intrinsic mechanisms in early stages of hematopoietic malignancies may help eliminate minimal residual disease and have the highest efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lei Ding
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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179
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Griessinger E, Vargaftig J, Horswell S, Taussig DC, Gribben J, Bonnet D. Acute myeloid leukemia xenograft success prediction: Saving time. Exp Hematol 2018; 59:66-71.e4. [PMID: 29253573 PMCID: PMC5861995 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Xenograft assay allows functional analysis of leukemia-initiating cells of acute myeloid leukemia primary samples. However, 40% of samples derived from patients with better outcomes fail to engraft in immunodeficient mouse recipients when conventional protocols are followed. At diagnosis, the engraftment of intermediate-risk group samples cannot be anticipated. In this study, we decided to further explore the reasons for xenograft success and failure. No differences in extracellular phenotype, apoptosis, or cell cycle profile could distinguish samples that engraft (engrafter [E]) from samples that do not engraft (nonengrafter [NE]) in NSG mice. In addition, ex vivo long-term culture assay revealed, after 5 weeks, a lower content of leukemic-LTC-initiating cells in the NE samples associated with a lower expansion rate capacity. One-week co-cultures with mesenchymal or osteoblastic or endothelial cells did not influence the proliferation rate, suggesting that E and NE samples are genuinely rapidly or slowly expanding independent of external cue. Engraftment success for some NE samples was consistently observed in recipient mice analyzed 6 months later than the conventional 3-month period. Eventually we implemented a flow cytometry-based assay, which allowed us to predict, in 1 week, the fast or delayed engraftment potential of a noncharacterized acute myeloid leukemia sample. This approach will be especially useful in selecting intermediate-risk-group patient samples and restricting the experimental duration to a 3-month period and, eventually, in reducing the number of animals and the cost and effort of unnecessary xenograft failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Griessinger
- INSERM U1065, C3M, Team 4 Inflammation, Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells, Nice, France; Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Jacques Vargaftig
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom; Division of Hematology, René Huguenin Hospital-Curie Institute, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Stuart Horswell
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - David C Taussig
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom; Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - John Gribben
- Department of Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dominique Bonnet
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.
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180
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Dimitriou M, Woll PS, Mortera-Blanco T, Karimi M, Wedge DC, Doolittle H, Douagi I, Papaemmanuil E, Jacobsen SEW, Hellström-Lindberg E. Perturbed hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell hierarchy in myelodysplastic syndromes patients with monosomy 7 as the sole cytogenetic abnormality. Oncotarget 2018; 7:72685-72698. [PMID: 27683035 PMCID: PMC5341937 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The stem and progenitor cell compartments in low- and intermediate-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) have recently been described, and shown to be highly conserved when compared to those in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Much less is known about the characteristics of the hematopoietic hierarchy of subgroups of MDS with a high risk of transforming to AML. Immunophenotypic analysis of immature stem and progenitor cell compartments from patients with an isolated loss of the entire chromosome 7 (isolated −7), an independent high-risk genetic event in MDS, showed expansion and dominance of the malignant −7 clone in the granulocyte and macrophage progenitors (GMP), and other CD45RA+ progenitor compartments, and a significant reduction of the LIN−CD34+CD38low/−CD90+CD45RA− hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) compartment, highly reminiscent of what is typically seen in AML, and distinct from low-risk MDS. Established functional in vitro and in vivo stem cell assays showed a poor readout for −7 MDS patients irrespective of marrow blast counts. Moreover, while the −7 clone dominated at all stages of GM differentiation, the −7 clone had a competitive disadvantage in erythroid differentiation. In azacitidine-treated −7 MDS patients with a clinical response, the decreased clonal involvement in mononuclear bone marrow cells was not accompanied by a parallel reduced clonal involvement in the dominant CD45RA+ progenitor populations, suggesting a selective azacitidine-resistance of these distinct −7 progenitor compartments. Our data demonstrate, in a subgroup of high risk MDS with monosomy 7, that the perturbed stem and progenitor cell compartments resemble more that of AML than low-risk MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios Dimitriou
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter S Woll
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.,Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Mortera-Blanco
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mohsen Karimi
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David C Wedge
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom.,Oxford Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Doolittle
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Iyadh Douagi
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elli Papaemmanuil
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom.,Computational Oncology, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Institute, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Sten Eirik W Jacobsen
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.,Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Hellström-Lindberg
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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181
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Hypomethylating agents in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes. Leukemia 2018; 32:1094-1105. [PMID: 29487386 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0070-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors, as single-agent therapy, have shown modest clinical efficacy in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). As has been successfully shown in other less immunogenic hematologic malignancies, rationally designed combination approaches may be more effective than single-agent checkpoint inhibitors, and may be the approach to pursue in AML/MDS. Hypomethylating agents (HMAs) such as azacitidine, while enhancing anti-tumor immune response, concurrently dampen immune response by upregulating inhibitory immune checkpoint molecule expression. Immune checkpoint molecule upregulation may be an important mechanism of azacitidine resistance. These findings have resulted in multiple clinical trials combining HMAs with immune checkpoint blockade. Clinical trial data have shown encouraging response rates and durable responses without resorting to stem cell transplant. In this review, we discuss preclinical data supporting the use of these agents in combination, and focus on clinical and correlative data emerging from numerous clinical trials investigating HMA-immune checkpoint inhibitor combinations in AML/MDS.
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182
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Meunier M, Dussiau C, Mauz N, Alary AS, Lefebvre C, Szymanski G, Pezet M, Blanquet F, Kosmider O, Park S. Molecular dissection of engraftment in a xenograft model of myelodysplastic syndromes. Oncotarget 2018; 9:14993-15000. [PMID: 29599920 PMCID: PMC5871091 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are oligoclonal disorders of the hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). Recurrent gene mutations are involved in the MDS physiopathology along with the medullar microenvironment. To better study the heterogeneity of MDS, it is necessary to create patient derived xenograft (PDX). We have reproduced a PDX model by xenografting HSC (CD34+) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) in NOD/SCID/IL2rγ-/- mice with primary samples from one RAEB2, two RAEB1 and one RARS patients harboring karyotype abnormalities and gene mutations. The average human chimerisms ranged from 59.7% to 0.0175% for the 4 patients. Secondary grafts (G2) were only performed for mice derived from the RAEB2 patient and the average human chimerism was 53.33%. G1 mice 1 and 2, and their derived G2 mice showed less than 20% of medullar blasts whereas mouse 3 and the resulting G2 mice transformed to AML. Clonal architecture was dissected in the different hematopoietic progenitors (HP) harvested from G1 and G2 mice. By direct Sanger sequencing, we found the 4 initial mutations in each HP subpopulation and those mutations had the same variant allele frequency in the CD34+ CD38- HSC from G1 and G2 mice by next generation sequencing (NGS). Targeted NGS analysis done in HSC of mouse 3 did not show any additional driver gene mutations explaining the transformation to AML. To conclude, we have generated a PDX mouse model that perfectly reproduces the MDS founder clone which is stable over time, allowing us to consider this system as a powerful tool to test therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Meunier
- University Clinic of Hematology, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,TIMC-Therex, UMR 5525 CNRS, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
| | - Charles Dussiau
- Hématologie Biologique, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux De Paris, Paris, France
| | - Natacha Mauz
- University Clinic of Hematology, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,TIMC-Therex, UMR 5525 CNRS, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Sophie Alary
- Hématologie Biologique, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux De Paris, Paris, France
| | - Christine Lefebvre
- Laboratory of Hematology, Onco-Genetic and Immunology, Biology and Pathology Institute, Grenoble, France
| | - Gautier Szymanski
- Laboratory of Hematology, Onco-Genetic and Immunology, Biology and Pathology Institute, Grenoble, France
| | - Mylène Pezet
- Optical Microscopy and Flow cytometry Core, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Françoise Blanquet
- Plate-Forme De Haute Technologie Animale, UMR5525, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Kosmider
- Hématologie Biologique, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux De Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Park
- University Clinic of Hematology, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,TIMC-Therex, UMR 5525 CNRS, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
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183
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Walter C, Pozzorini C, Reinhardt K, Geffers R, Xu Z, Reinhardt D, von Neuhoff N, Hanenberg H. Single-cell whole exome and targeted sequencing in NPM1/FLT3 positive pediatric acute myeloid leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2018; 65. [PMID: 29090521 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The small portion of leukemic stem cells (LSCs) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) present in children and adolescents is often masked by the high background of AML blasts and normal hematopoietic cells. The aim of the current study was to establish a simple workflow for reliable genetic analysis of single LSC-enriched blasts from pediatric patients. PROCEDURE For three AMLs with mutations in nucleophosmin 1 and/or fms-like tyrosine kinase 3, we performed whole genome amplification on sorted single-cell DNA followed by whole exome sequencing (WES). The corresponding bulk bone marrow DNAs were also analyzed by WES and by targeted sequencing (TS) that included 54 genes associated with myeloid malignancies. RESULTS Analysis revealed that read coverage statistics were comparable between single-cell and bulk WES data, indicating high-quality whole genome amplification. From 102 single-cell variants, 72 single nucleotide variants and insertions or deletions (70%) were consistently found in the two bulk DNA analyses. Variants reliably detected in single cells were also present in TS. However, initial screening by WES with read counts between 50-72× failed to detect rare AML subclones in the bulk DNAs. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study demonstrated that single-cell WES combined with bulk DNA TS is a promising tool set for detecting AML subclones and possibly LSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Walter
- Department of Pediatrics III, University Children's Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Katarina Reinhardt
- Department of Pediatrics III, University Children's Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Genome Analytics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Zhenyu Xu
- Sophia Genetics Inc., Saint-Sulpice, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Reinhardt
- Department of Pediatrics III, University Children's Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Nils von Neuhoff
- Department of Pediatrics III, University Children's Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Helmut Hanenberg
- Department of Pediatrics III, University Children's Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head/Neck Surgery (ENT), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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184
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Chung SS, Eng WS, Hu W, Khalaj M, Garrett-Bakelman FE, Tavakkoli M, Levine RL, Carroll M, Klimek VM, Melnick AM, Park CY. CD99 is a therapeutic target on disease stem cells in myeloid malignancies. Sci Transl Med 2018; 9:9/374/eaaj2025. [PMID: 28123069 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaj2025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are initiated and sustained by self-renewing malignant stem cells; thus, eradication of AML and MDS stem cells is required for cure. We identified CD99 as a cell surface protein frequently overexpressed on AML and MDS stem cells. Expression of CD99 allows for prospective separation of leukemic stem cells (LSCs) from functionally normal hematopoietic stem cells in AML, and high CD99 expression on AML blasts enriches for functional LSCs as demonstrated by limiting dilution xenotransplant studies. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting CD99 induce the death of AML and MDS cells in a SARC family kinase-dependent manner in the absence of immune effector cells or complement, and anti-CD99 mAbs exhibit antileukemic activity in AML xenografts. These data establish CD99 as a marker of AML and MDS stem cells, as well as a promising therapeutic target in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen S Chung
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - William S Eng
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Wenhuo Hu
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mona Khalaj
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Francine E Garrett-Bakelman
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell School of Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Montreh Tavakkoli
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ross L Levine
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Martin Carroll
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Virginia M Klimek
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ari M Melnick
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell School of Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Christopher Y Park
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. .,Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
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185
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Wang C, Yang Y, Gao S, Chen J, Yu J, Zhang H, Li M, Zhan X, Li W. Immune dysregulation in myelodysplastic syndrome: Clinical features, pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 122:123-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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186
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Scharenberg C, Jansson M, Saft L, Hellström-Lindberg E. Megakaryocytes harbour the del(5q) abnormality despite complete clinical and cytogenetic remission induced by lenalidomide treatment. Br J Haematol 2018; 180:526-533. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Scharenberg
- Department of Medicine; Centre for Haematology and Regenerative Medicine; Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Medicine; Division of Haematology; Skaraborgs Hospital Skövde; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Monika Jansson
- Department of Medicine; Centre for Haematology and Regenerative Medicine; Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Leonie Saft
- Department of Pathology; Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, and Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Eva Hellström-Lindberg
- Department of Medicine; Centre for Haematology and Regenerative Medicine; Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
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187
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Ghobrial IM, Detappe A, Anderson KC, Steensma DP. The bone-marrow niche in MDS and MGUS: implications for AML and MM. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2018; 15:219-233. [PMID: 29311715 DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2017.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Several haematological malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), have well-defined precursor states that precede the development of overt cancer. MM is almost always preceded by monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), and at least a quarter of all patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) have disease that evolves into AML. In turn, MDS are frequently anteceded by clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP). The acquisition of additional genetic and epigenetic alterations over time clearly influences the increasingly unstable and aggressive behaviour of neoplastic haematopoietic clones; however, perturbations in the bone-marrow microenvironment are increasingly recognized to have key roles in initiating and supporting oncogenesis. In this Review, we focus on the concept that the haematopoietic neoplasia-microenvironment relationship is an intimate rapport between two partners, provide an overview of the evidence supporting a role for the bone-marrow niche in promoting neoplasia, and discuss the potential for niche-specific therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene M Ghobrial
- Division of Hematological Malignancies, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Alexandre Detappe
- Division of Hematological Malignancies, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Kenneth C Anderson
- Division of Hematological Malignancies, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - David P Steensma
- Division of Hematological Malignancies, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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188
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Liao M, Wang J. Mechanisms of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Ageing and Targets for Hematopoietic Tumour Prevention. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1086:117-140. [PMID: 30232756 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-1117-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells represent a rare population in the bone marrow, with the capacity of generating all blood lineage and themselves at the same time. With aging, the reconstitution capacity of hematopoietic stem cells decreases accompanying with differentiation skewing wherein the myeloid branch dominates in both mouse and human. In recent years, various molecular mechanisms that induce functional decline of HSC during aging were disclosed including DNA damage accumulation, metabolic alteration, defects in protein homeostasis, and aging-induced changes in the blood circulatory environment. Deciphering the nature of HSC aging could improve our knowledge of HSC aging-related diseases and furthermore promote the developing of therapeutic interventions for human HSC aging and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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189
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Li R, Zhou Y, Cao Z, Liu L, Wang J, Chen Z, Xing W, Chen S, Bai J, Yuan W, Cheng T, Xu M, Yang FC, Zhao Z. TET2 Loss Dysregulates the Behavior of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Accelerates Tet2 -/--Driven Myeloid Malignancy Progression. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 10:166-179. [PMID: 29290626 PMCID: PMC5768963 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
TET2 is a methylcytosine dioxygenase that regulates cytosine hydroxymethylation. Although there are extensive data implicating a pivotal role of TET2 in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), the importance of TET2 in bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) remains unknown. In this study, we show that loss of TET2 in BMSCs increases cell proliferation and self-renewal and enhances osteoblast differentiation potential of BMSCs, which may in turn alter their behavior in supporting HSPC proliferation and differentiation. In addition, Tet2 loss alters BMSCs in promoting Tet2-deficiency-mediated myeloid malignancy progression. Tet2 loss in BMSCs also dysregulates hydroxylation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and the expression of genes that are key for BMSC proliferation and osteoblast differentiation, leading to alteration of biological characteristics in vivo. These results highlight the critical role of TET2 in the maintenance of BMSC functions and osteoblast differentiation and provide evidence that dysregulation of epigenetic modifiers in BMSCs contributes to the progression of myeloid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Zeng Cao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jinhuan Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Zizhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Wen Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jie Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Weiping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Mingjiang Xu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Feng-Chun Yang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China.
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190
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Chung SS, Park CY. Aging, hematopoiesis, and the myelodysplastic syndromes. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2017; 2017:73-78. [PMID: 29222239 PMCID: PMC6142578 DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2017.1.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The aging hematopoietic system undergoes numerous changes, including reduced production of red blood cells and lymphocytes as well as a relative increase in the production of myeloid cells. Emerging evidence indicates that many of these changes are due to selection pressures from cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors that result in clonal shifts in the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) pool, resulting in predominant HSC clones that exhibit the functional characteristics associated with HSC aging. Given the recent descriptions of clonal hematopoiesis in aged populations, the increased risk of developing hematologic malignancies in individuals with clonal hematopoiesis, and the many similarities in hematopoietic aging and acquired bone marrow failure (BMF) syndromes, such as myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), this raises significant questions regarding the relationship between aging hematopoiesis and MDS, including the factors that regulate HSC aging, whether clonal hematopoiesis is required for the development of MDS, and even whether BMF is an inevitable consequence of aging. In this article, we will review our current understanding of these processes and the potential intersections among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen S. Chung
- Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and
| | - Christopher Y. Park
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
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191
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Aging, hematopoiesis, and the myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood Adv 2017; 1:2572-2578. [PMID: 29296910 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2017009852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aging hematopoietic system undergoes numerous changes, including reduced production of red blood cells and lymphocytes as well as a relative increase in the production of myeloid cells. Emerging evidence indicates that many of these changes are due to selection pressures from cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors that result in clonal shifts in the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) pool, resulting in predominant HSC clones that exhibit the functional characteristics associated with HSC aging. Given the recent descriptions of clonal hematopoiesis in aged populations, the increased risk of developing hematologic malignancies in individuals with clonal hematopoiesis, and the many similarities in hematopoietic aging and acquired bone marrow failure (BMF) syndromes, such as myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), this raises significant questions regarding the relationship between aging hematopoiesis and MDS, including the factors that regulate HSC aging, whether clonal hematopoiesis is required for the development of MDS, and even whether BMF is an inevitable consequence of aging. In this article, we will review our current understanding of these processes and the potential intersections among them.
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192
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Rouault-Pierre K, Mian SA, Goulard M, Abarrategi A, Di Tulio A, Smith AE, Mohamedali A, Best S, Nloga AM, Kulasekararaj AG, Ades L, Chomienne C, Fenaux P, Dosquet C, Mufti GJ, Bonnet D. Preclinical modeling of myelodysplastic syndromes. Leukemia 2017; 31:2702-2708. [PMID: 28663577 PMCID: PMC5729336 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) represent a heterogeneous group of hematological clonal disorders. Here, we have tested the bone marrow (BM) cells from 38 MDS patients covering all risk groups in two immunodeficient mouse models: NSG and NSG-S. Our data show comparable level of engraftment in both models. The level of engraftment was patient specific with no correlation to any specific MDS risk group. Furthermore, the co-injection of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) did not improve the level of engraftment. Finally, we have developed an in vitro two-dimensional co-culture system as an alternative tool to in vivo. Using our in vitro system, we have been able to co-culture CD34+ cells from MDS patient BM on auto- and/or allogeneic MSCs over 4 weeks with a fold expansion of up to 600 times. More importantly, these expanded cells conserved their MDS clonal architecture as well as genomic integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Rouault-Pierre
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - S A Mian
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- King’s College London School of Medicine, Department of Haematological Medicine, London, UK
| | - M Goulard
- INSERM, UMRS1131–University Paris Diderot, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - A Abarrategi
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - A Di Tulio
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - A E Smith
- King’s College London School of Medicine, Department of Haematological Medicine, London, UK
- King’s College Hospital, Department of Haematology, London, UK
| | - A Mohamedali
- King’s College London School of Medicine, Department of Haematological Medicine, London, UK
| | - S Best
- King’s College London School of Medicine, Department of Haematological Medicine, London, UK
| | - A-M Nloga
- Senior Haematology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | | | - L Ades
- Senior Haematology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - C Chomienne
- INSERM, UMRS1131–University Paris Diderot, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France
- Cell Biology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - P Fenaux
- INSERM, UMRS1131–University Paris Diderot, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France
- Senior Haematology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - C Dosquet
- INSERM, UMRS1131–University Paris Diderot, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France
- Cell Biology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - G J Mufti
- King’s College London School of Medicine, Department of Haematological Medicine, London, UK
- King’s College Hospital, Department of Haematology, London, UK
| | - D Bonnet
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
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193
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Dussiau C, Fontenay M. Mechanisms underlying the heterogeneity of myelodysplastic syndromes. Exp Hematol 2017; 58:17-26. [PMID: 29175473 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) disorders in which recurrent chromosome abnormalities and gene mutations define a clonal hematopoiesis. The MDS-initiating cell is a rare HSC which transmits the genetic abnormalities to its myeloid and lymphoid progeny. The heterogeneity of MDS phenotypes could be linked to the diversity of genetic events involving epigenetic regulators, chromatin modifiers, splicing factors, transcription factors and signaling adaptors, the various combinations and order of mutations in cooperating genes, and the variegation of clonal hematopoietic hierarchy. Usually, epigenetic and splicing gene mutations occur first. A combination of one epigenetic event with a splicing gene alteration is frequent. The HSC compartment is invaded by a dominant and few minor clones organized linearly or with a branched architecture. The dominant clone containing the first initiating mutations produces myeloid and lymphoid lineages in transplanted immune-deficient mice. The mutations confer a selective advantage to myeloid progenitors at the expense of lymphoid progenitors. In the context of differentiation, one mutation may favor the amplification of granulo-monocytic progenitor, which drives the transformation into acute myeloid leukemia. Understanding the hierarchy of mutations provides insights on the mechanism of transformation. Investigation of mutation pattern and distribution along the hematopoietic tree may influence the therapeutic decision for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Dussiau
- Institut Cochin, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 8104, Université Paris Descartes, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Paris, France
| | - Michaela Fontenay
- Institut Cochin, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 8104, Université Paris Descartes, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Paris, France.
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194
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Li AJ, Calvi LM. The microenvironment in myelodysplastic syndromes: Niche-mediated disease initiation and progression. Exp Hematol 2017; 55:3-18. [PMID: 28826860 PMCID: PMC5737956 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are clonal disorders of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and represent the most common cause of acquired marrow failure. Hallmarked by ineffective hematopoiesis, dysplastic marrow, and risk of transformation to acute leukemia, MDS remains a poorly treated disease. Although identification of hematopoietic aberrations in human MDS has contributed significantly to our understanding of MDS pathogenesis, evidence now identify the bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) as another key contributor to disease initiation and progression. With improved understanding of the BMME, we are beginning to refine the role of the hematopoietic niche in MDS. Despite genetic diversity in MDS, interaction between MDS and the BMME appears to be a common disease feature and therefore represents an appealing therapeutic target. Further understanding of the interdependent relationship between MDS and its niche is needed to delineate the mechanisms underlying hematopoietic failure and how the microenvironment can be targeted clinically. This review provides an overview of data from human MDS and murine models supporting a role for BMME dysfunction at several steps of disease pathogenesis. Although no models or human studies so far have combined all of these findings, we review current data identifying BMME involvement in each step of MDS pathogenesis organized to reflect the chronology of BMME contribution as the normal hematopoietic system becomes myelodysplastic and MDS progresses to marrow failure and transformation. Although microenvironmental heterogeneity and dysfunction certainly add complexity to this syndrome, data are already demonstrating that targeting microenvironmental signals may represent novel therapeutic strategies for MDS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison J Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY
| | - Laura M Calvi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY.
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195
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Le Y, Fraineau S, Chandran P, Sabloff M, Brand M, Lavoie JR, Gagne R, Rosu-Myles M, Yauk CL, Richardson RB, Allan DS. Adipogenic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Bone Marrow and Their Hematopoietic Supportive Role: Towards Understanding the Permissive Marrow Microenvironment in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2017; 12:235-44. [PMID: 26649729 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-015-9639-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The role of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) in creating a permissive microenvironment that supports the emergence and progression of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is not well established. We investigated the extent to which adipogenic differentiation in normal MSCs alters hematopoietic supportive capacity and we undertook an in-depth comparative study of human bone marrow MSCs derived from newly diagnosed AML patients and healthy donors, including an assessment of adipogenic differentiation capacity. FINDINGS MSCs from healthy controls with partial induction of adipogenic differentiation, in comparison to MSCs undergoing partial osteogenic differentiation, expressed increased levels of hematopoietic factors and induced greater proliferation, decreased quiescence and reduced in vitro hematopoietic colony forming capacity of CD34(+) hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Moreover, we observed that AML-derived MSCs had markedly increased adipogenic potential and delayed osteogenic differentiation, while maintaining normal morphology and viability. AML-derived MSCs, however, possessed reduced proliferative capacity and decreased frequency of subendothelial quiescent MSCs compared to controls. CONCLUSION Our results support the notion of a bone marrow microenvironment characterized by increased propensity toward adipogenesis in AML, which may negatively impact normal hematopoiesis. Larger confirmatory studies are needed to understand the impact of various clinical factors. Novel leukemia treatments aimed at normalizing bone marrow niches may enhance the competitive advantage of normal hematopoietic progenitors over leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevgeniya Le
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, ON, K0J 1 J0, Canada
| | - Sylvain Fraineau
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd., Box 704, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Priya Chandran
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd., Box 704, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Mitchell Sabloff
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marjorie Brand
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd., Box 704, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jessie R Lavoie
- Centre for Biologics Evaluation, Biologics and Genetic Therapies Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Rémi Gagne
- Centre for Biologics Evaluation, Biologics and Genetic Therapies Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Rosu-Myles
- Centre for Biologics Evaluation, Biologics and Genetic Therapies Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Carole L Yauk
- Centre for Biologics Evaluation, Biologics and Genetic Therapies Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Richard B Richardson
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, ON, K0J 1 J0, Canada. .,McGill Medical Physics Unit, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - David S Allan
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd., Box 704, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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196
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Boyd AL, Reid JC, Salci KR, Aslostovar L, Benoit YD, Shapovalova Z, Nakanishi M, Porras DP, Almakadi M, Campbell CJV, Jackson MF, Ross CA, Foley R, Leber B, Allan DS, Sabloff M, Xenocostas A, Collins TJ, Bhatia M. Acute myeloid leukaemia disrupts endogenous myelo-erythropoiesis by compromising the adipocyte bone marrow niche. Nat Cell Biol 2017; 19:1336-1347. [PMID: 29035359 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is distinguished by the generation of dysfunctional leukaemic blasts, and patients characteristically suffer from fatal infections and anaemia due to insufficient normal myelo-erythropoiesis. Direct physical crowding of bone marrow (BM) by accumulating leukaemic cells does not fully account for this haematopoietic failure. Here, analyses from AML patients were applied to both in vitro co-culture platforms and in vivo xenograft modelling, revealing that human AML disease specifically disrupts the adipocytic niche in BM. Leukaemic suppression of BM adipocytes led to imbalanced regulation of endogenous haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, resulting in impaired myelo-erythroid maturation. In vivo administration of PPARγ agonists induced BM adipogenesis, which rescued healthy haematopoietic maturation while repressing leukaemic growth. Our study identifies a previously unappreciated axis between BM adipogenesis and normal myelo-erythroid maturation that is therapeutically accessible to improve symptoms of BM failure in AML via non-cell autonomous targeting of the niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison L Boyd
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Jennifer C Reid
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Kyle R Salci
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Lili Aslostovar
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Yannick D Benoit
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Zoya Shapovalova
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Mio Nakanishi
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Deanna P Porras
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Mohammed Almakadi
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Clinton J V Campbell
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Michael F Jackson
- Central Animal Core Imaging and Transgenic Facilities, Central Animal Care Services, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 710 William Avenue, SR426 Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0Z3, Canada
| | - Catherine A Ross
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Ronan Foley
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Brian Leber
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - David S Allan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Mitchell Sabloff
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Anargyros Xenocostas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Schulich School of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Tony J Collins
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Mickie Bhatia
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
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197
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Transgenic expression of human cytokines in immunodeficient mice does not facilitate myeloid expansion of BCR-ABL1 transduced human cord blood cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186035. [PMID: 29023488 PMCID: PMC5638313 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Several attempts have been made to model chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in a xenograft setting but expansion of human myeloid cells in immunodeficient mice has proven difficult to achieve. Lack of cross-reacting cytokines in the microenvironment of the mice has been proposed as a potential reason. In this study we have used NOD/SCID IL2-receptor gamma deficient mice expressing human SCF, IL-3 and GM-CSF (NSGS mice), that should be superior in supporting human, and particularly, myeloid cell engraftment, to expand BCR-ABL1 expressing human cells in order to model CML. NSGS mice transplanted with BCR-ABL1 expressing cells became anemic and had to be sacrificed due to illness, however, this was not accompanied by an expansion of human myeloid cells but rather we observed a massive expansion of human T-cells and macrophages/histiocytes. Importantly, control human cells without BCR-ABL1 expression elicited a similar reaction, although with a slight delay of disease induction, suggesting that while BCR-ABL1 contributes to the inflammatory reaction, the presence of normal human hematopoietic cells is detrimental for NSGS mice.
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198
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Kohlscheen S, Bonig H, Modlich U. Promises and Challenges in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Gene Therapy. Hum Gene Ther 2017; 28:782-799. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2017.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Kohlscheen
- Research Group for Gene Modification in Stem Cells, Center for Cell and Gene Therapy Frankfurt, Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, Langen, Germany
| | - Halvard Bonig
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Institute Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Medicine/Division of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ute Modlich
- Research Group for Gene Modification in Stem Cells, Center for Cell and Gene Therapy Frankfurt, Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, Langen, Germany
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199
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Chung YJ, Fry TJ, Aplan PD. Myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation improves survival but is not curative in a pre-clinical model of myelodysplastic syndrome. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185219. [PMID: 28953912 PMCID: PMC5617185 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (A-HSCT) remains the only curative option for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We used the NUP98-HOXD13 (NHD13) murine model for MDS to study HSCT in a pre-clinical setting. NHD13 recipients transplanted with syngeneic bone marrow (S-HSCT) following myeloablative irradiation showed disease remission, with normalization of peripheral blood parameters and marked decrease in circulating leukocytes derived from the MDS clone. Despite the disease remission and improved survival compared to non-transplanted NHD13 controls, all mice eventually relapsed, indicating persistence of a long-lived radio-resistant MDS clone. In an effort to induce a graft versus leukemia (GVL) effect, A-HSCT with donor bone marrow that was mismatched at minor histocompatibility loci was compared to S-HSCT. Although recipients in the A-HSCT showed a lower early relapse rate than in S-HSCT, all mice in both groups eventually relapsed and died by 54 weeks post-transplant. To obtain a more significant GVL effect, donor splenocytes containing reactive T-cells were transplanted with allogeneic bone marrow. Although the relapse rate was only 20% at post-transplantation week 38, suggesting a GVL effect, this was accompanied by a severe graft versus host disease (GVHD) Taken together, these findings indicate that a myeloablative dose of ionizing radiation is insufficient to eradicate the MDS initiating cell, and that transplantation of donor splenocytes leads to decreased relapse rates, at the cost of severe GVHD. We suggest that NHD13 mice represent a feasible pre-clinical model for the study of HSCT for MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jo Chung
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Terry J. Fry
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Peter D. Aplan
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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200
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Abstract
Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) arise as a late effect of chemotherapy and/or radiation administered for a primary condition, typically a malignant disease, solid organ transplant or autoimmune disease. Survival is measured in months, not years, making t-MN one of the most aggressive and lethal cancers. In this Review, we discuss recent developments that reframe our understanding of the genetic and environmental aetiology of t-MN. Emerging data are illuminating who is at highest risk of developing t-MN, why t-MN are chemoresistant and how we may use this information to treat and ultimately prevent this lethal disease.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/adverse effects
- Bone Marrow Cells
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7
- Clone Cells/physiology
- Gene-Environment Interaction
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Hematopoiesis
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/etiology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/therapy
- Mutation
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/etiology
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/therapy
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/etiology
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/therapy
- Prognosis
- Radiation Exposure/adverse effects
- Risk Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E McNerney
- Department of Pathology and the Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- University of Chicago Medicine Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Lucy A Godley
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- University of Chicago Medicine Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Michelle M Le Beau
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- University of Chicago Medicine Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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