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Parthasarathy S, Das SC, Kumar A. Occurrence of pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in crustacean shellfishes in coastal parts of Eastern India. Vet World 2016; 9:330-6. [PMID: 27057121 PMCID: PMC4823298 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.330-336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The objective of the study was to isolate and characterize pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus from crustacean shellfishes (crab and shrimp) commonly retailed in coastal parts of eastern India. Materials and Methods: Samples were processed by bacteriological isolation followed by biochemical characterization in Kaper’s medium. Presumptively identified isolates were confirmed by species-specific Vp-toxR polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Virulence and pandemic property of the confirmed V. parahaemolyticus isolates were determined by specific PCR assays. Results: On screening of 167 samples comprising crabs (n=82) and shrimps (n=85) by the standard bacteriological cultural method, V. parahaemolyticus was presumptively identified in 86.6% (71/82) and 82.3% (70/85) of respective samples. Of these, 46 (56%) and 66 (77.6%) isolates from crab and shrimp, respectively, were confirmed as V. parahaemolyticus by biochemical characterization (Kaper’s reaction) followed by specific Vp-toxR PCR assay. About 10 isolates each from crab and shrimp was found to carry the virulence gene (tdh). It denotes that 12.2% of crab and 11.7% of shrimp in the study area are harboring the pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus. Such tdh+ isolates (n=20) were subjected for screening of pandemic genotype by pandemic group specific (PGS) - PCR (PGS-PCR) and GS-PCR (toxRS gene) where 11 (6.5%) isolates revealed the pandemic determining amplicon (235 bp) in PGS-PCR and belonged to crab (7.3%) and shrimp (6%) samples; however, 2 (2.4%) isolates were positive in GS-PCR and belonged to crab samples only. These two GS-PCR+ isolates from crab were also positive in PGS-PCR. Conclusion: The findings of the study conclusively indicated that a considerable percentage of crab and shrimp in these areas were harboring pathogenic and pandemic V. parahaemolyticus posing a public health risk in consumption of improperly processed such shellfishes. Cross contamination of other marine and fresh water market fishes by such shellfishes in these areas may provide scope for spreading this pathogen in community food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Parthasarathy
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly - 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suresh Chandra Das
- Veterinary Public Health Laboratory, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata - 700 037, West Bengal, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Assistant Director General (Animal Health), Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi, India
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152
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Microbiological Quality Assessment by PCR and Its Antibiotic Susceptibility in Mangrove Crabs (Ucides cordatus) from Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Int J Microbiol 2016; 2016:7825031. [PMID: 27065187 PMCID: PMC4811098 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7825031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacteriological quality of crabs from three different mangroves (Itaóca, Suruí, and Piedade) from Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, was investigated using conventional and molecular methods. The results revealed high counts for total coliforms in meat and hepatopancreas samples. PCR analyses identified 25 Escherichia coli colonies in the Itaóca, Piedade, and Suruí samples, detecting 13 enterotoxigenic colonies and 9 enteroaggregative colonies. Respectively, 12, 11, and 21 Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains were detected in the Itaóca, Piedade, and Suruí samples. Two V. cholerae strains were detected in the Piedade samples. The E. coli strains isolated in the present study showed resistance to gentamicin. E. coli strains from the Piedade samples showed 33% resistance to chloramphenicol and the strains also showed multiresistance to several antimicrobial agents with a MAR index ranging from 0.12 to 0.31. Vibrio strains from Piedade, Itaóca, and Suruí showed 86%, 78%, and 85% resistance, respectively, to ampicillin. The isolated Vibrio strains showed multiresistance to several antimicrobial agents, with a MAR index ranging from 0.12 to 0.25. The presence of these organisms in crab meat is an indication of microbial contamination, which may pose health risks to consumers when improperly cooked.
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Azwai SM, Alfallani EA, Abolghait SK, Garbaj AM, Naas HT, Moawad AA, Gammoudi FT, Rayes HM, Barbieri I, Eldaghayes IM. Isolation and molecular identification of Vibrio spp. by sequencing of 16S rDNA from seafood, meat and meat products in Libya. Open Vet J 2016; 6:36-43. [PMID: 27004169 PMCID: PMC4791562 DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v6i1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Vibrio includes several food-borne pathogens that cause a spectrum of clinical conditions including septicemia, cholera and milder forms of gastroenteritis. Several Vibrio spp. are commonly associated with food-borne transmission including Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahemolyticus, and Vibrio vulnificus. Microbiological analysis for enumeration and isolation of Vibrio spp. were carried out for a total of 93 samples of seafood, meat and meat products from different geographic localities in Libya (Tripoli, Regdalin, Janzour and Tobruk). Vibrio spp. were detected by conventional cultural and molecular method using PCR and sequencing of 16S rDNA. Out of the 93 cultured samples only 48 (51.6%) yielded colonies on Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salt agar (TCBS) with culture characteristics of Vibrio spp. More than half (n=27) of processed seafood samples (n=46) yielded colonies on TCBS, while only 44.6 % of samples of meat and meat products showed colonies on TCBS. Among cultured seafood samples, the highest bacterial count was recorded in clam with a count of 3.8 ×104 CFU\g. Chicken burger samples showed the highest bacterial count with 6.5 ×104 CFU\g. Molecular analysis of the isolates obtained in this study, showed that 11 samples out of 48 (22.9%) were Vibrio spp. Vibrio parahemolyticus was isolated from camel meat for the first time. This study is an initial step to provide a baseline for future molecular research targeting Vibrio spp. foodborne illnesses. This data will be used to provide information on the magnitude of such pathogens in Libyan seafood, meat and meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Azwai
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, P.O. Box 13662, Tripoli, Libya
| | - E A Alfallani
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, P.O. Box 13662, Tripoli, Libya
| | - S K Abolghait
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - A M Garbaj
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, P.O. Box 13662, Tripoli, Libya
| | - H T Naas
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, P.O. Box 13662, Tripoli, Libya
| | - A A Moawad
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211 Giza, Egypt
| | - F T Gammoudi
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, P.O. Box 13662, Tripoli, Libya
| | - H M Rayes
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, P.O. Box 13662, Tripoli, Libya
| | - I Barbieri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna, Via Bianchi, 9 - 25124 Brescia, Italy
| | - I M Eldaghayes
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, P.O. Box 13662, Tripoli, Libya
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154
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Isolation of TDA-producing Phaeobacter strains from sea bass larval rearing units and their probiotic effect against pathogenic Vibrio spp. in Artemia cultures. Syst Appl Microbiol 2016; 39:180-188. [PMID: 26922490 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Fish-pathogenic Vibrio can cause large-scale crashes in marine larval rearing units and, since the use of antibiotics can result in bacterial antibiotic resistance, new strategies for disease prevention are needed. Roseobacter-clade bacteria from turbot larval rearing facilities can antagonize Vibrio anguillarum and reduce mortality in V. anguillarum-infected cod and turbot larvae. In this study, it was demonstrated that antagonistic Roseobacter-clade bacteria could be isolated from sea bass larval rearing units. In addition, it was shown that they not only antagonized V. anguillarum but also V. harveyi, which is the major bacterial pathogen in crustaceans and Mediterranean sea bass larvae cultures. Concomitantly, they significantly improved survival of V. harveyi-infected brine shrimp. 16S rRNA gene sequence homology identified the antagonists as Phaeobacter sp., and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization indicated that they could belong to a new species. The genomes contained genes involved in synthesis of the antibacterial compound tropodithietic acid (TDA), and its production was confirmed by UHPLC-TOFMS. The new Phaeobacter colonized live feed (Artemia) cultures and reduced Vibrio counts significantly, since they reached only 10(4)CFUmL(-1), as opposed to 10(8)CFUmL(-1) in non-Phaeobacter treated controls. Survival of V. anguillarum-challenged Artemia nauplii was enhanced by the presence of wild type Phaeobacter compared to challenged control cultures (89±1.0% vs 8±3.2%). In conclusion, TDA-producing Phaeobacter isolated from Mediterranean marine larviculture are promising probiotic bacteria against pathogenic Vibrio in crustacean live-feed cultures for marine fish larvae.
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155
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Castelo-Branco DDSCM, Sales JA, Brilhante RSN, Guedes GMDM, Ponte YBD, Sampaio CMDS, Bandeira TDJPG, Moreira JLB, Alencar LPD, Paiva MDAN, Cordeiro RDA, Monteiro AJ, Pereira-Neto WDA, Sidrim JJC, Rocha MFG. Enterobacteria and Vibrio from Macrobrachium amazonicum prawn farming in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2016; 9:27-31. [PMID: 26851782 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the isolation of enterobacteria associated with Macrobrachium amazonicum (M. amazonicum) farming and evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Vibrio strains. METHODS Strains were isolated from female M. amazonicum prawns and environmental and hatchery water. Biochemical assays were used to identify bacterial genera and those belonging to the genus Vibrio were submitted to further analyses for species identification, through Vitek 2 automated system and serotyping. Susceptibility test was performed according to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute. RESULTS The following genera of enterobacteria were recovered: Enterobacter (n = 11), Citrobacter (n = 10), Proteus (n = 2), Serratia (n = 2), Kluyvera (n = 2), Providencia (n = 2), Cedecea (n = 1), Escherichia (n = 1), Edwardsiella (n = 1) and Buttiauxella (n = 1). As for Vibrio, three species were identified: Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 (n = 4), Vibrio vulnificus (V. vulnificus) (n = 1) and Vibrio mimicus (n = 1). Vibrio spp. showed minimum inhibitory concentrations values within the susceptibility range established by Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute for almost all antibiotics, except for V. vulnificus, which presented intermediate profile to ampicillin. CONCLUSIONS Enterobacteria do not seem to be the most important pathogens associated with M. amazonicum farming, whereas the recovery of Vibrio spp. from larviculture, with emphasis on Vibrio cholerae and V. vulnificus, deserves special attention due to their role as potentially zoonotic aquaculture-associated pathogens. Furthermore, the intermediate susceptibility of V. vulnificus to ampicillin reflects the importance of monitoring drug use in prawn farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora de Souza Collares Maia Castelo-Branco
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Jamille Alencar Sales
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira Brilhante
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Glaucia Morgana de Melo Guedes
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Yago Brito de Ponte
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Célia Maria de Souza Sampaio
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Tereza de Jesus Pinheiro Gomes Bandeira
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - José Luciano Bezerra Moreira
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Lucas Pereira de Alencar
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Manoel de Araújo Neto Paiva
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - André Jalles Monteiro
- Department of Statistics and Applied Mathematics, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Waldemiro de Aquino Pereira-Neto
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - José Júlio Costa Sidrim
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; School of Veterinary Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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156
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Li R, Chiou J, Chan EWC, Chen S. A Novel PCR-Based Approach for Accurate Identification of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:44. [PMID: 26858713 PMCID: PMC4729947 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A PCR-based assay was developed for more accurate identification of Vibrio parahaemolyticus through targeting the blaCARB-17 like element, an intrinsic β-lactamase gene that may also be regarded as a novel species-specific genetic marker of this organism. Homologous analysis showed that blaCARB-17 like genes were more conservative than the tlh, toxR and atpA genes, the genetic markers commonly used as detection targets in identification of V. parahaemolyticus. Our data showed that this blaCARB-17-specific PCR-based detection approach consistently achieved 100% specificity, whereas PCR targeting the tlh and atpA genes occasionally produced false positive results. Furthermore, a positive result of this test is consistently associated with an intrinsic ampicillin resistance phenotype of the test organism, presumably conferred by the products of blaCARB-17 like genes. We envision that combined analysis of the unique genetic and phenotypic characteristics conferred by blaCARB-17 shall further enhance the detection specificity of this novel yet easy-to-use detection approach to a level superior to the conventional methods used in V. parahaemolyticus detection and identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichao Li
- Shenzhen Key lab for Food Biological Safety Control, Food Safety and Technology Research Center, Hong Kong PolyU Shen Zhen Research InstituteShenzhen, China; State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Jiachi Chiou
- Shenzhen Key lab for Food Biological Safety Control, Food Safety and Technology Research Center, Hong Kong PolyU Shen Zhen Research InstituteShenzhen, China; State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Edward Wai-Chi Chan
- Shenzhen Key lab for Food Biological Safety Control, Food Safety and Technology Research Center, Hong Kong PolyU Shen Zhen Research InstituteShenzhen, China; State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Sheng Chen
- Shenzhen Key lab for Food Biological Safety Control, Food Safety and Technology Research Center, Hong Kong PolyU Shen Zhen Research InstituteShenzhen, China; State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung Hom, Hong Kong
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157
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158
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Thrupp TJ, Whitten MMA, Rowley AF. A novel bacterial infection of the edible crab, Cancer pagurus. J Invertebr Pathol 2015; 133:83-6. [PMID: 26674010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
There are few reports of bacterial diseases in crabs. A juvenile edible crab (Cancer pagurus) with a rickettsial-like infection was found in the intertidal zone at Freshwater East in South West Wales in July, 2012. Large numbers of bacteria-like particles were found in the haemolymph and within fixed phagocytes of the hepatopancreas. Molecular sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis showed that the infectious agent was a member of the order Rhizobiales and therefore distinct to bacteria classified as rickettsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara J Thrupp
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, Wales, UK
| | - Miranda M A Whitten
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, Wales, UK
| | - Andrew F Rowley
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, Wales, UK.
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159
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Zheng J, Tang X, Wu R, Yan Q, Tang H, Luo J, Niu S, Qu Y, Sun L. Identification and characteristics of aptamers against inactivated Vibrio alginolyticus. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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160
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Fistarol GO, Coutinho FH, Moreira APB, Venas T, Cánovas A, de Paula SEM, Coutinho R, de Moura RL, Valentin JL, Tenenbaum DR, Paranhos R, do Valle RDAB, Vicente ACP, Amado Filho GM, Pereira RC, Kruger R, Rezende CE, Thompson CC, Salomon PS, Thompson FL. Environmental and Sanitary Conditions of Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1232. [PMID: 26635734 PMCID: PMC4653747 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Guanabara Bay is the second largest bay in the coast of Brazil, with an area of 384 km2. In its surroundings live circa 16 million inhabitants, out of which 6 million live in Rio de Janeiro city, one of the largest cities of the country, and the host of the 2016 Olympic Games. Anthropogenic interference in Guanabara Bay area started early in the XVI century, but environmental impacts escalated from 1930, when this region underwent an industrialization process. Herein we present an overview of the current environmental and sanitary conditions of Guanabara Bay, a consequence of all these decades of impacts. We will focus on microbial communities, how they may affect higher trophic levels of the aquatic community and also human health. The anthropogenic impacts in the bay are flagged by heavy eutrophication and by the emergence of pathogenic microorganisms that are either carried by domestic and/or hospital waste (e.g., virus, KPC-producing bacteria, and fecal coliforms), or that proliferate in such conditions (e.g., vibrios). Antibiotic resistance genes are commonly found in metagenomes of Guanabara Bay planktonic microorganisms. Furthermore, eutrophication results in recurrent algal blooms, with signs of a shift toward flagellated, mixotrophic groups, including several potentially harmful species. A recent large-scale fish kill episode, and a long trend decrease in fish stocks also reflects the bay’s degraded water quality. Although pollution of Guanabara Bay is not a recent problem, the hosting of the 2016 Olympic Games propelled the government to launch a series of plans to restore the bay’s water quality. If all plans are fully implemented, the restoration of Guanabara Bay and its shores may be one of the best legacies of the Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana O Fistarol
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; Laboratório de Sistemas Avançados de Gestão da Produção, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Felipe H Coutinho
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ana Paula B Moreira
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tainá Venas
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alba Cánovas
- Laboratório de Sistemas Avançados de Gestão da Produção, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sérgio E M de Paula
- Laboratório de Sistemas Avançados de Gestão da Produção, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Coutinho
- Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo L de Moura
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jean Louis Valentin
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Denise R Tenenbaum
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Paranhos
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rogério de A B do Valle
- Laboratório de Sistemas Avançados de Gestão da Produção, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Renato Crespo Pereira
- Laboratory of Marine Chemical Ecology, Insitute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Kruger
- Laboratory of Enzimology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane C Thompson
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo S Salomon
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; Laboratório de Sistemas Avançados de Gestão da Produção, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabiano L Thompson
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ; Laboratório de Sistemas Avançados de Gestão da Produção, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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161
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Caruso G, La Ferla R, Azzaro M, Zoppini A, Marino G, Petochi T, Corinaldesi C, Leonardi M, Zaccone R, Fonda Umani S, Caroppo C, Monticelli L, Azzaro F, Decembrini F, Maimone G, Cavallo RA, Stabili L, Hristova Todorova N, K. Karamfilov V, Rastelli E, Cappello S, Acquaviva MI, Narracci M, De Angelis R, Del Negro P, Latini M, Danovaro R. Microbial assemblages for environmental quality assessment: Knowledge, gaps and usefulness in the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive. Crit Rev Microbiol 2015; 42:883-904. [DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2015.1087380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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162
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Vibrio spp. from Macrobrachium amazonicum prawn farming are inhibited by Moringa oleifera extracts. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2015; 8:919-922. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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163
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Kalia VC, Kumar P, Kumar R, Mishra A, Koul S. Genome Wide Analysis for Rapid Identification of Vibrio Species. Indian J Microbiol 2015; 55:375-83. [PMID: 26543262 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-015-0553-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly conserved 16S rRNA (rrs) gene is generally used for bacterial identification. In organisms possessing multiple copies of rrs, high intra-genomic heterogeneity does not allow easy distinction among different species. In order to identify Vibrio species, a wide range of genes have been employed. There is an urgent requirement of a consensus gene, which can be used as biomarker for rapid identification. Eight sequenced genomes of Vibrio species were screened for selecting genes which were common among all the genomes. Out of 108 common genes, 24 genes of sizes varying from 0.11 to 3.94 kb were subjected to in silico digestion with 10 type II restriction endonucleases (RE). A few unique genes-dapF, fadA, hisD, ilvH, lpxC, recF, recR, rph and ruvB in combination with certain REs provided unique digestion patterns, which can be used as biomarkers. This protocol can be exploited for rapid diagnosis of Vibrio species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Chandra Kalia
- Microbial Biotechnology and Genomics, CSIR - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Delhi University Campus, Mall Road, New Delhi, 110007 India ; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), 2, Rafi Marg, Anusandhan Bhawan, New Delhi, 110001 India
| | - Prasun Kumar
- Microbial Biotechnology and Genomics, CSIR - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Delhi University Campus, Mall Road, New Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Ravi Kumar
- Microbial Biotechnology and Genomics, CSIR - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Delhi University Campus, Mall Road, New Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Anjali Mishra
- Microbial Biotechnology and Genomics, CSIR - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Delhi University Campus, Mall Road, New Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Shikha Koul
- Microbial Biotechnology and Genomics, CSIR - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Delhi University Campus, Mall Road, New Delhi, 110007 India ; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), 2, Rafi Marg, Anusandhan Bhawan, New Delhi, 110001 India
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164
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Sterk A, Schets FM, de Roda Husman AM, de Nijs T, Schijven JF. Effect of Climate Change on the Concentration and Associated Risks of Vibrio Spp. in Dutch Recreational Waters. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2015; 35:1717-1729. [PMID: 25809307 DOI: 10.1111/risa.12365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the number of reported cases of recreational- water-related Vibrio illness in the Netherlands is low. However, a notable higher incidence of Vibrio infections has been observed in warm summers. In the future, such warm summers are expected to occur more often, resulting in enhanced water temperatures favoring Vibrio growth. Quantitative information on the increase in concentration of Vibrio spp. in recreational water under climate change scenarios is lacking. In this study, data on occurrence of Vibrio spp. at six different bathing sites in the Netherlands (2009-2012) were used to derive an empirical formula to predict the Vibrio concentration as a function of temperature, salinity, and pH. This formula was used to predict the effects of increased temperatures in climate change scenarios on Vibrio concentrations. For Vibrio parahaemolyticus, changes in illness risks associated with the changed concentrations were calculated as well. For an average temperature increase of 3.7 °C, these illness risks were calculated to be two to three times higher than in the current situation. Current illness risks were, varying per location, on average between 10(-4) and 10(-2) per person for an entire summer. In situations where water temperatures reached maximum values, illness risks are estimated to be up to 10(-2) and 10(-1) . If such extreme situations occur more often during future summers, increased numbers of ill bathers or bathing-water-related illness outbreaks may be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankie Sterk
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Franciska M Schets
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Maria de Roda Husman
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ton de Nijs
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jack F Schijven
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Geosciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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165
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Vibrio cholerae pathogen from the freshwater-cultured whiteleg shrimp Penaeus vannamei and control with Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. J Invertebr Pathol 2015; 130:13-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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166
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Schimming O, Challinor VL, Tobias NJ, Adihou H, Grün P, Pöschel L, Richter C, Schwalbe H, Bode HB. Structure, Biosynthesis, and Occurrence of Bacterial Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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167
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Schimming O, Challinor VL, Tobias NJ, Adihou H, Grün P, Pöschel L, Richter C, Schwalbe H, Bode HB. Structure, Biosynthesis, and Occurrence of Bacterial Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:12702-5. [PMID: 26465655 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are widespread plant natural products with potent toxicity and bioactivity. Herein, the identification of bacterial PAs from entomopathogenic bacteria using differential analysis by 2D NMR spectroscopy (DANS) and mass spectrometry is described. Their biosynthesis was elucidated to involve a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase. The occurrence of these biosynthesis gene clusters in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria indicates an important biological function in bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Schimming
- Merck Stiftungsprofessur für Molekulare Biotechnologie, Fachbereich Biowissenschaften, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany) http://www.bio.uni-frankfurt.de/48050101
| | - Victoria L Challinor
- Merck Stiftungsprofessur für Molekulare Biotechnologie, Fachbereich Biowissenschaften, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany) http://www.bio.uni-frankfurt.de/48050101
| | - Nicholas J Tobias
- Merck Stiftungsprofessur für Molekulare Biotechnologie, Fachbereich Biowissenschaften, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany) http://www.bio.uni-frankfurt.de/48050101
| | - Hélène Adihou
- Merck Stiftungsprofessur für Molekulare Biotechnologie, Fachbereich Biowissenschaften, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany) http://www.bio.uni-frankfurt.de/48050101
| | - Peter Grün
- Merck Stiftungsprofessur für Molekulare Biotechnologie, Fachbereich Biowissenschaften, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany) http://www.bio.uni-frankfurt.de/48050101
| | - Laura Pöschel
- Merck Stiftungsprofessur für Molekulare Biotechnologie, Fachbereich Biowissenschaften, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany) http://www.bio.uni-frankfurt.de/48050101
| | - Christian Richter
- Institut für Organische und Chemische Biologie, Zentrum für Biomolekulare Magnetische Resonanz, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany)
| | - Harald Schwalbe
- Institut für Organische und Chemische Biologie, Zentrum für Biomolekulare Magnetische Resonanz, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany)
| | - Helge B Bode
- Merck Stiftungsprofessur für Molekulare Biotechnologie, Fachbereich Biowissenschaften, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany) http://www.bio.uni-frankfurt.de/48050101. .,Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main (Germany).
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168
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Cardinaud M, Dheilly NM, Huchette S, Moraga D, Paillard C. The early stages of the immune response of the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata to a Vibrio harveyi infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 51:287-97. [PMID: 25766281 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi is a marine bacterial pathogen responsible for episodic abalone mortalities in France, Japan and Australia. In the European abalone, V. harveyi invades the circulatory system in a few hours after exposure and is lethal after 2 days of infection. In this study, we investigated the responses of European abalone immune cells over the first 24 h of infection. Results revealed an initial induction of immune gene expression including Rel/NF-kB, Mpeg and Clathrin. It is rapidly followed by a significant immuno-suppression characterized by reduced cellular hemocyte parameters, immune response gene expressions and enzymatic activities. Interestingly, Ferritin was overexpressed after 24 h of infection suggesting that abalone attempt to counter V. harveyi infection using soluble effectors. Immune function alteration was positively correlated with V. harveyi concentration. This study provides the evidence that V. harveyi has a hemolytic activity and an immuno-suppressive effect in the European abalone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Cardinaud
- UMR 6539-LEMAR (Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin), IUEM (Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer), Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France.
| | - Nolwenn M Dheilly
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stonybrook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000 USA
| | | | - Dario Moraga
- UMR 6539-LEMAR (Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin), IUEM (Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer), Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Christine Paillard
- UMR 6539-LEMAR (Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin), IUEM (Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer), Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France.
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169
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Schets FM, van den Berg HH, de Zwaan R, van Soolingen D, de Roda Husman AM. The microbiological quality of water in fish spas with Garra rufa fish, the Netherlands, October to November 2012. Euro Surveill 2015. [DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es2015.20.19.21124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In fish spas, clients may submerge their hands, feet or whole body in basins with Garra rufa fish, for dead skin removal. Skin infections may result from using these spas, transmitted from fish to clients, through either fish or water, or from client to client. The microbiological water quality was determined in 24 fish spas in 16 companies in the Netherlands through analysis of a single water sample per fish spa. Water samples were tested for the presence of Aeromonas spp., Vibrio spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, nontuberculous mycobacteria, and faecal indicator bacteria by using standard culture methods. The majority of the examined fish spas contained Aeromonas spp. (n?=?24), P. aeruginosa (n?=?18), Vibrio spp. (n?=?16) including V. cholerae non-O1/O139 and V. vulnificus, and several rapid growing Mycobacterium spp. (n?=?23) including M. fortuitum, M. conceptionense, M. abscessus and M. chelonae. Faecal contamination of the fish spa water was low. Based on the detected concentrations of Aeromonas spp., Vibrio spp., and P. aeruginosa, the detected Mycobacterium spp., and the health implications of these bacteria, the health risk from using fish spas is considered limited for healthy people with an intact skin and no underlying disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Schets
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Centre for Zoonoses and Environmental Microbiology, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - H H van den Berg
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Centre for Zoonoses and Environmental Microbiology, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - R de Zwaan
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Perinatal Screening, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - D van Soolingen
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Perinatal Screening, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - A M de Roda Husman
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Centre for Zoonoses and Environmental Microbiology, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
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170
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Hygiene and health risks associated with the consumption of edible lamellibranch molluscs. Int J Food Microbiol 2015; 201:52-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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171
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Dubert J, Fernández-Pardo A, Nóvoa S, Barja JL, Prado S. Phytoplankton production systems in a shellfish hatchery: variations of the bacterial load and diversity of vibrios. J Appl Microbiol 2015; 118:1264-75. [PMID: 25728297 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Outbreaks of disease caused by some Vibrio species represent the main production bottleneck in shellfish hatcheries. Although the phytoplankton used as food is one of the main sources of bacteria, studies of the associated bacterial populations, specifically vibrios, are scarce. The aim of the study was the microbiological monitoring of the microalgae as the first step in assessing the risk disease for bivalve cultures. METHODS AND RESULTS Two phytoplankton production systems were sampled weekly throughout 1-year period in a bivalve hatchery. Quantitative analysis revealed high levels of marine heterotrophic bacteria in both systems throughout the study. Presumptive vibrios were detected occasionally and at low concentrations. In most of the cases, they belonged to the Splendidus and Harveyi clades. CONCLUSIONS The early detection of vibrios in the microalgae may be the key for a successful bivalve culture. Their abundance and diversity were affected by factors related to the hatchery environment. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This work represents the first long study where the presence of vibrios was evaluated rigorously in phytoplankton production systems and provides a suitable microbiological protocol to control and guarantee the quality of the algal cultures to avoid the risk of transferring potential pathogens to shellfish larvae and/or broodstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dubert
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Fernández-Pardo
- Centro de Cultivos Mariños, Consellería do Mar, Xunta de Galicia, Ribadeo, Lugo, Spain
| | - S Nóvoa
- Centro de Cultivos Mariños, Consellería do Mar, Xunta de Galicia, Ribadeo, Lugo, Spain
| | - J L Barja
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Prado
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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172
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Species diversity, spatial distribution, and virulence associated genes of culturable vibrios in a brackish coastal Mediterranean environment. ANN MICROBIOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-015-1073-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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173
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Gopalakrishnakone P, Balali-Mood M, Llewellyn L, Singh BR. Impacts on Human Health Caused by Zoonoses. BIOLOGICAL TOXINS AND BIOTERRORISM 2015. [PMCID: PMC7124013 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5869-8_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Zoonosis is an infectious disease and a potential bioterrorism agent. Bioterrorism aimed at a society, government, and/or its citizens is meant to cause destabilization, fear, anxiety, illness, and death in people, animals, or plants using biological agents. A bioterrorism attack is the intentional release of biological agents such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, rickettsial or chlamydial organisms, toxins, or other harmful agents. This chapter focuses on the induction, monitoring, and prevention of some zoonotic diseases that have potential as bioterrorism agents. The etiology, clinical manifestations, transmission routes, and treatment of these zoonotic agents are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Gopalakrishnakone
- Venom and Toxin Research Programme Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mahdi Balali-Mood
- Faculty of Medicine Medical Toxicology Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Lyndon Llewellyn
- Data and Technology Innovation, Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland Australia
| | - Bal Ram Singh
- University of Massachusetts, Botulinum Research Center, Institute of Advanced Sciences, Dartmouth, Maine USA
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174
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Tapia-Paniagua ST, Vidal S, Lobo C, Prieto-Álamo MJ, Jurado J, Cordero H, Cerezuela R, García de la Banda I, Esteban MA, Balebona MC, Moriñigo MA. The treatment with the probiotic Shewanella putrefaciens Pdp11 of specimens of Solea senegalensis exposed to high stocking densities to enhance their resistance to disease. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 41:209-221. [PMID: 25149590 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture industry exposes fish to acute stress events, such as high stocking density, and a link between stress and higher susceptibility to diseases has been concluded. Several studies have demonstrated increased stress tolerance of fish treated with probiotics, but the mechanisms involved have not been elucidated. Shewanella putrefaciens Pdp11 is a strain isolated from healthy gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) and it is considered as probiotics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the dietary administration of this probiotics on the stress tolerance of Solea senegalensis specimens farmed under high stocking density (PHD) compared to a group fed a commercial diet and farmed under the same conditions (CHD). In addition, during the experiment, a natural infectious outbreak due to Vibrio species affected fish farmed under crowding conditions. Changes in the microbiota and histology of intestine and in the transcription of immune response genes were evaluated at 19 and 30 days of the experiment. Mortality was observed after 9 days of the beginning of the experiment in CHD and PHD groups, it being higher in the CHD group. Fish farmed under crowding stress showed reduced expression of genes at 19 day probiotic feeding. On the contrary, a significant increase in immune related gene expression was detected in CHD fish at 30 day, whereas the gene expression in fish from PHD group was very similar to that showed in specimens fed and farmed with the conventional conditions. In addition, the dietary administration of S. putrefaciens Pdp11 produced an important modulation of the intestinal microbiota, which was significantly correlated with the high number of goblet cells detected in fish fed the probiotic diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Tapia-Paniagua
- Universidad de Málaga, Departamento de Microbiología, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - S Vidal
- Universidad de Málaga, Departamento de Microbiología, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - C Lobo
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Santander, 39080 Santander, Spain
| | - M J Prieto-Álamo
- Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid, Km. 396, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - J Jurado
- Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Madrid, Km. 396, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - H Cordero
- Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - R Cerezuela
- Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - I García de la Banda
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Santander, 39080 Santander, Spain
| | - M A Esteban
- Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - M C Balebona
- Universidad de Málaga, Departamento de Microbiología, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - M A Moriñigo
- Universidad de Málaga, Departamento de Microbiología, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
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175
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Madec S, Pichereau V, Jacq A, Paillard M, Boisset C, Guérard F, Paillard C, Nicolas JL. Characterization of the secretomes of two vibrios pathogenic to mollusks. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113097. [PMID: 25401495 PMCID: PMC4234667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio tapetis causes the brown ring disease in the Japanese clam Ruditapes philippinarum while Vibrio aestuarianus is associated with massive oyster mortalities. As extracellular proteins are often associated with the virulence of pathogenic bacteria, we undertook a proteomic approach to characterize the secretomes of both vibrios. The extracellular proteins (ECPs) of both species were fractionated by SEC-FPLC and in vitro assays were performed to measure the effects of each fraction on hemocyte cellular parameters (phagocytosis and adhesion). Fractions showing a significant effect were subjected to SDS-PAGE, and proteins were identified by nano LC-MS/MS. 45 proteins were identified for V. aestuarianus and 87 for V. tapetis. Most of them belonged to outer membrane or were periplasmic, including porins or adhesins that were already described as virulence factors in other bacterial species. Others were transporter components, flagella proteins, or proteins of unknown function (14 and 15 respectively). Interestingly, for V. aestuarianus, we noted the secretion of 3 extracellular enzymes including the Vam metalloprotease and two other enzymes (one putative lipase and one protease). For V. tapetis, we identified five extracellular enymes, i.e. two different endochitinases, one protease, one lipase and an adhesin. A comparison of both secretomes also showed that only the putative extracellular lipase was common to both secretomes, underscoring the difference in pathogenicity mechanisms between these two species. Overall, these results characterize for the first time the secretomes of these two marine pathogenic vibrios and constitute a useful working basis to further analyze the contribution of specific proteins in the virulence mechanisms of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Madec
- Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne (EA3882), SFR48 ScInBios, Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), UEB, ESIAB, Technopôle Brest Iroise, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Vianney Pichereau
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO/CNRS/IRD/Ifremer, Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Annick Jacq
- Institut de Génétique et de Microbiologie, UMR8621, CNRS-Université Paris-Sud, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Mathieu Paillard
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO/CNRS/IRD/Ifremer, Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Claire Boisset
- Centre de Recherche sur les macromolécules végétales, CERMAV-CNRS, BP53, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Fabienne Guérard
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO/CNRS/IRD/Ifremer, Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Christine Paillard
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO/CNRS/IRD/Ifremer, Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Jean-Louis Nicolas
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin, UMR 6539 UBO/CNRS/IRD/Ifremer, Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, 29280, Plouzané, France
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176
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Erler R, Wichels A, Heinemeyer EA, Hauk G, Hippelein M, Reyes NT, Gerdts G. VibrioBase: A MALDI-TOF MS database for fast identification of Vibrio spp. that are potentially pathogenic in humans. Syst Appl Microbiol 2014; 38:16-25. [PMID: 25466918 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mesophilic marine bacteria of the family Vibrionaceae, specifically V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus, are considered to cause severe illness in humans. Due to climate-change-driven temperature increases, higher Vibrio abundances and infections are predicted for Northern Europe, which in turn necessitates environmental surveillance programs to evaluate this risk. We propose that whole-cell matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) profiling is a promising tool for the fast and reliable species classification of environmental isolates. Because the reference database does not contain sufficient Vibrio spectra we generated the VibrioBase database in this study. Mass spectrometric data were generated from 997 largely environmental strains and filed in this new database. MALDI-TOF MS clusters were assigned based on the species classification obtained by analysis of partial rpoB (RNA polymerase beta-subunit) sequences. The affiliation of strains to species-specific clusters was consistent in 97% of all cases using both approaches, and the extended VibrioBase generated more specific species identifications with higher matching scores compared to the commercially available database. Therefore, we have made the VibrioBase database freely accessible, which paves the way for detailed risk assessment studies of potentially pathogenic Vibrio spp. from marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Erler
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Kurpromenade 201, 27498 Helgoland, Germany.
| | - Antje Wichels
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Kurpromenade 201, 27498 Helgoland, Germany
| | - Ernst-August Heinemeyer
- Governmental Institute of Public Health of Lower Saxony, Lüchtenburger Weg 24, 26603 Aurich, Germany
| | - Gerhard Hauk
- Regional Office for Health and Social Affairs of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Gertrudenstraße 11, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Martin Hippelein
- University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Central Facility: Medical Investigation Office and Hygiene, Brunswiker Straße 4, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Nadja Torres Reyes
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Gunnar Gerdts
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Kurpromenade 201, 27498 Helgoland, Germany
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Gauthier DT. Bacterial zoonoses of fishes: a review and appraisal of evidence for linkages between fish and human infections. Vet J 2014; 203:27-35. [PMID: 25466575 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Revised: 10/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Human contact with and consumption of fishes presents hazards from a range of bacterial zoonotic infections. Whereas many bacterial pathogens have been presented as fish-borne zoonoses on the basis of epidemiological and phenotypic evidence, genetic identity between fish and human isolates is not frequently examined or does not provide support for transmission between these hosts. In order to accurately assess the zoonotic risk from exposure to fishes in the context of aquaculture, wild fisheries and ornamental aquaria, it is important to critically examine evidence of linkages between bacteria infecting fishes and humans. This article reviews bacteria typically presented as fish-borne zoonoses, and examines the current strength of evidence for this classification. Of bacteria generally described as fish-borne zoonoses, only Mycobacterium spp., Streptococcus iniae, Clostridium botulinum, and Vibrio vulnificus appear to be well-supported as zoonoses in the strict sense. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, while transmissible from fishes to humans, does not cause disease in fishes and is therefore excluded from the list. Some epidemiological and/or molecular linkages have been made between other bacteria infecting both fishes and humans, but more work is needed to elucidate routes of transmission and the identity of these pathogens in their respective hosts at the genomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T Gauthier
- Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA.
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Martins E, Figueras A, Novoa B, Santos RS, Moreira R, Bettencourt R. Comparative study of immune responses in the deep-sea hydrothermal vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus and the shallow-water mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis challenged with Vibrio bacteria. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 40:485-499. [PMID: 25089010 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The deep-sea hydrothermal vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus and the continental European coast Mytilus galloprovincialis are two bivalves species living in highly distinct marine habitats. Mussels are filter-feeding animals that may accumulate rapidly bacteria from the environment. Contact with microorganism is thus inevitable during feeding processes where gill tissues assume a strategic importance at the interface between the external milieu and the internal body cavities promoting interactions with potential pathogens during normal filtration and a constant challenge to their immune system. In the present study B. azoricus and M. galloprovincialis were exposed to Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio anguillarum and Vibrio splendidus suspensions and to a mixture of these Vibrio suspensions, in order to ascertain the expression level of immune genes in gill samples, from both mussel species. The immune gene expressions were analyzed by means of quantitative-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). The gene expression results revealed that these bivalve species exhibit significant expression differences between 12 h and 24 h post-challenge times, and between the Vibrio strains used. V. splendidus induced the strongest gene expression level in the two bivalve species whereas the NF-κB and Aggrecan were the most significantly differentially expressed between the two mussel species. When comparing exposure times, both B. azoricus and M. galloprovincialis showed similar percentage of up-regulated genes at 12 h while a marked increased of gene expression was observed at 24 h for the majority of the immune genes in M. galloprovincialis. This contrasts with B. azoricus where the majority of the immune genes were down-regulated at 24 h. The 24 h post-challenge gene expression results clearly bring new evidence supporting time-dependent transcriptional activities resembling acute phase-like responses and different immune responses build-up in these two mussel species when challenged with Vibrio bacteria. High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)-Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) analyses resulted in different peptide sequences from B. azoricus and M. galloprovincialis gill tissues suggesting that naïve animals present differences, at the protein synthesis level, in their natural environment. B. azoricus proteins sequences, mostly of endosymbiont origin, were related to metabolic, energy production, protein synthesis processes and nutritional demands whereas in M. galloprovincialis putative protein functions were assumed to be related to structural and cellular integrity and signaling functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Martins
- Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of the Azores (DOP/UAç), Rua Prof. Doutor Frederico Machado, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal; IMAR Institute of Marine Research and LARSyS Laboratory of Robotics and Systems in Engineering and Science, 9901-862 Horta, Azores, Portugal
| | - António Figueras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, IIM - CSIC. Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, IIM - CSIC. Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Ricardo Serrão Santos
- Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of the Azores (DOP/UAç), Rua Prof. Doutor Frederico Machado, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal; IMAR Institute of Marine Research and LARSyS Laboratory of Robotics and Systems in Engineering and Science, 9901-862 Horta, Azores, Portugal
| | - Rebeca Moreira
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, IIM - CSIC. Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Raul Bettencourt
- IMAR Institute of Marine Research and LARSyS Laboratory of Robotics and Systems in Engineering and Science, 9901-862 Horta, Azores, Portugal; MARE-Marine and Environmental Science Center, University of the Azores, 9901-862 Horta, Azores, Portugal.
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179
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Cardinaud M, Barbou A, Capitaine C, Bidault A, Dujon AM, Moraga D, Paillard C. Vibrio harveyi adheres to and penetrates tissues of the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata within the first hours of contact. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 80:6328-33. [PMID: 25107972 PMCID: PMC4178649 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01036-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi is a marine bacterial pathogen responsible for episodic epidemics generally associated with massive mortalities in many marine organisms, including the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata. The aim of this study was to identify the portal of entry and the dynamics of infection of V. harveyi in the European abalone. The results indicate that the duration of contact between V. harveyi and the European abalone influences the mortality rate and precocity. Immediately after contact, the epithelial and mucosal area situated between the gills and the hypobranchial gland was colonized by V. harveyi. Real-time PCR analyses and culture quantification of a green fluorescent protein-tagged strain of V. harveyi in abalone tissues revealed a high density of bacteria adhering to and then penetrating the whole gill-hypobranchial gland tissue after 1 h of contact. V. harveyi was also detected in the hemolymph of a significant number of European abalones after 3 h of contact. In conclusion, this article shows that a TaqMan real-time PCR assay is a powerful and useful technique for the detection of a marine pathogen such as V. harveyi in mollusk tissue and for the study of its infection dynamics. Thus, we have revealed that the adhesion and then the penetration of V. harveyi in European abalone organs begin in the first hours of contact. We also hypothesize that the portal of entry of V. harveyi in the European abalone is the area situated between the gills and the hypobranchial gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Cardinaud
- UMR 6539-Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, Plouzané, France
| | - Annaïck Barbou
- UMR 6539-Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, Plouzané, France
| | - Carole Capitaine
- UMR 6539-Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, Plouzané, France
| | - Adeline Bidault
- UMR 6539-Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, Plouzané, France
| | - Antoine Marie Dujon
- UMR 6539-Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, Plouzané, France
| | - Dario Moraga
- UMR 6539-Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, Plouzané, France
| | - Christine Paillard
- UMR 6539-Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, Technopôle Brest Iroise, Plouzané, France
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180
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Schirmeister F, Wieczorek A, Dieckmann R, Taureck K, Strauch E. Evaluation of molecular methods to discriminate the closely related species Vibrio fluvialis and Vibrio furnissii. Int J Med Microbiol 2014; 304:851-7. [PMID: 25242722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio furnissii and Vibrio fluvialis are two closely related species which are regarded as emerging human pathogens. Human infections have been mainly associated with consumption of seafood or drinking of contaminated water. V. furnissii strains can be distinguished from V. fluvialis by their ability to produce gas from fermentation of carbohydrates. In this study, we compare two phenotypic (biochemical testing and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time of flight mass spectrometry, MALDI-TOF MS) and three genotypic techniques (rpoB sequencing, conventional PCR and real-time PCR) for determination of the two species. The methods were evaluated on a collection of 42 V. furnissii and 32 V. fluvialis strains, which were isolated from marine environments and from animals intended for food production. Four of the applied methods allowed the unambiguous discrimination of the two species, while the biochemical testing was the least reliable technique, due to a high variation in the phenotype of gas production from carbohydrates. In view of the One Health concept reliable diagnostic techniques are a prerequisite for preventive public health measurements, as pathogens isolated from animals can cross species borders and methods for detection of sources, reservoirs and ways of transmission of pathogenic bacteria are indispensable for the prevention of infectious diseases in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falko Schirmeister
- Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, National Reference Laboratory for Monitoring Bacteriological Contamination of Bivalve Molluscs, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelina Wieczorek
- Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, National Reference Laboratory for Monitoring Bacteriological Contamination of Bivalve Molluscs, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Dieckmann
- Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, National Reference Laboratory for Monitoring Bacteriological Contamination of Bivalve Molluscs, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin Taureck
- Landesuntersuchungsanstalt für das Gesundheits - und Veterinärwesen Sachsen, Standort Dresden, Germany
| | - Eckhard Strauch
- Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, National Reference Laboratory for Monitoring Bacteriological Contamination of Bivalve Molluscs, Berlin, Germany.
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181
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Lux TM, Lee R, Love J. Genome-wide phylogenetic analysis of the pathogenic potential of Vibrio furnissii. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:435. [PMID: 25191313 PMCID: PMC4139957 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported the genome sequence of a free-living strain of Vibrio furnissii (NCTC 11218) harvested from an estuarine environment. V. furnissii is a widespread, free-living proteobacterium and emerging pathogen that can cause acute gastroenteritis in humans and lethal zoonoses in aquatic invertebrates, including farmed crustaceans and molluscs. Here we present the analyses to assess the potential pathogenic impact of V. furnissii. We compared the complete genome of V. furnissii with 8 other emerging and pathogenic Vibrio species. We selected and analyzed more deeply 10 genomic regions based upon unique or common features, and used 3 of these regions to construct a phylogenetic tree. Thus, we positioned V. furnissii more accurately than before and revealed a closer relationship between V. furnissii and V. cholerae than previously thought. However, V. furnissii lacks several important features normally associated with virulence in the human pathogens V. cholera and V. vulnificus. A striking feature of the V. furnissii genome is the hugely increased Super Integron, compared to the other Vibrio. Analyses of predicted genomic islands resulted in the discovery of a protein sequence that is present only in Vibrio associated with diseases in aquatic animals. We also discovered evidence of high levels horizontal gene transfer in V. furnissii. V. furnissii seems therefore to have a dynamic and fluid genome that could quickly adapt to environmental perturbation or increase its pathogenicity. Taken together, these analyses confirm the potential of V. furnissii as an emerging marine and possible human pathogen, especially in the developing, tropical, coastal regions that are most at risk from climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Lux
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Exeter Exeter, UK
| | - Rob Lee
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Exeter Exeter, UK
| | - John Love
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Exeter Exeter, UK
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182
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Cardoso MD, de Moura JF, Tavares DC, Gonçalves RA, Colabuono FI, Roges EM, de Souza RL, Rodrigues DDP, Montone RC, Siciliano S. The Manx shearwater (Puffinus puffinus) as a candidate sentinel of Atlantic Ocean health. AQUATIC BIOSYSTEMS 2014; 10:6. [PMID: 25191536 PMCID: PMC4154383 DOI: 10.1186/2046-9063-10-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Seabirds have been historically used to monitor environmental contamination. The aim of the present study was to test the suitability of a species belonging to the Procellariiformes group, the Manx shearwater, Puffinus puffinus, as a sentinel of environmental health, by determining contaminant levels (trace metals and organochlorine compounds) from carcass tissues and by isolating Vibrio spp. and Aeromonas spp. from live specimens. To this end, 35 Puffinus puffinus carcasses wrecked on the north-central coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and two carcasses recovered in Aracruz, on the coast of the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, were sampled, and fragments of muscle and hepatic tissues were collected for contaminant analyses. Swabs from eleven birds found alive at the north-central coast of Rio de Janeiro were collected for isolation of the aforementioned bacteria. RESULTS THE AVERAGE CONCENTRATION IN DRY WEIGHT (DW) OF THE TRACE METALS WERE: mercury 7.19 mg kg(-1)(liver) and 1.23 mg kg(-1) (muscle); selenium 34.66 mg kg(-1) (liver) and 7.98 mg kg(-1) (muscle); cadmium 22.33 mg kg(-1) (liver) and 1.11 mg kg(-1) (muscle); and lead, 0.1 mg kg(--1) (liver) and 0.16 mg kg(-1) (muscle). Organochlorine compounds were detected in all specimens, and hexachlorbiphenyls, heptachlorbiphenyls and DDTs presented the highest levels. Regarding microbiological contamination, bacteria from the Vibrio genus were isolated from 91% of the analyzed specimens. Vibrio harveyi was the predominant species. Bacteria from the Aeromonas genus were isolated from 18% of the specimens. Aeromonas sobria was the only identified species. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that Puffinus puffinus seems to be a competent ocean health sentinel. Therefore, the monitoring of contaminant levels and the isolation of public health interest bacteria should proceed in order to consolidate this species importance as a sentinel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maíra Duarte Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente, ENSP/Fiocruz, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, RJ, Brasil
| | - Jailson Fulgencio de Moura
- Systems Ecology, Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology (ZMT), Fahrenheitstrasse 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Davi C Tavares
- Departamento de Endemias Samuel Pessoa – DENSP & Grupo de Estudos de Mamíferos Marinhos da Região dos Lagos – GEMM-Lagos, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública /FICORUZ, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1.480, 6° andar, Sala 611, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, RJ, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo A Gonçalves
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 225, Gávea, Rio de Janeiro 22453-900, RJ, Brasil
| | - Fernanda I Colabuono
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Praça do Oceanográfico 191, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-120, SP, Brasil
| | - Emily M Roges
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Laboratório de Referência Nacional de Enteroinfecções Bacterianas, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brasil
| | - Roberta Laine de Souza
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Laboratório de Referência Nacional de Enteroinfecções Bacterianas, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brasil
| | - Dalia Dos Prazeres Rodrigues
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Laboratório de Referência Nacional de Enteroinfecções Bacterianas, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brasil
| | - Rosalinda C Montone
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Praça do Oceanográfico 191, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-120, SP, Brasil
| | - Salvatore Siciliano
- Departamento de Endemias Samuel Pessoa – DENSP & Grupo de Estudos de Mamíferos Marinhos da Região dos Lagos – GEMM-Lagos, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública /FICORUZ, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1.480, 6° andar, Sala 611, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, RJ, Brasil
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183
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Wen C, Xue M, Liang H, Zhou S. Evaluating the potential of marine Bacteriovorax sp. DA5 as a biocontrol agent against vibriosis in Litopenaeus vannamei larvae. Vet Microbiol 2014; 173:84-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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184
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Rowe HM, Withey JH, Neely MN. Zebrafish as a model for zoonotic aquatic pathogens. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 46:96-107. [PMID: 24607289 PMCID: PMC4096445 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic habitats harbor a multitude of bacterial species. Many of these bacteria can act as pathogens to aquatic species and/or non-aquatic organisms, including humans, that come into contact with contaminated water sources or colonized aquatic organisms. In many instances, the bacteria are not pathogenic to the aquatic species they colonize and are only considered pathogens when they come into contact with humans. There is a general lack of knowledge about how the environmental lifestyle of these pathogens allows them to persist, replicate and produce the necessary pathogenic mechanisms to successfully transmit to the human host and cause disease. Recently, the zebrafish infectious disease model has emerged as an ideal system for examining aquatic pathogens, both in the aquatic environment and during infection of the human host. This review will focus on how the zebrafish has been used successfully to analyze the pathogenesis of aquatic bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Rowe
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Jeffrey H Withey
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Melody N Neely
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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185
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Smith AL, Whitten MMA, Hirschle L, Pope EC, Wootton EC, Vogan CL, Rowley AF. Bacterial septicaemia in prerecruit edible crabs, Cancer pagurus L. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2014; 37:729-737. [PMID: 23962351 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile edible crabs, Cancer pagurus L., were surveyed from Mumbles Head and Oxwich Bay in South Wales, UK, and the number of heterotrophic bacteria and vibrios in the hemolymph was determined. The percentage of crabs with hemolymph containing bacteria was variable over the survey with higher numbers of animals affected in summer than in winter. Post-moult crabs contained significantly higher numbers of heterotrophic bacteria in the hemolymph than pre- and intermoult animals. Crabs with cuticular damage to the gills also had significantly higher numbers of bacteria in the hemolymph. Crabs were found to have a high prevalence of infection by the dinoflagellate, Hematodinium. Such animals had significantly fewer bacteria in the blood in comparison with Hematodinium-free animals. Of the 463 crabs surveyed, only 3 individuals had hemolymph containing 2000 + CFU mL(-1). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, two of these crabs contained a Vibrio pectenicida-like isolate, while the other had a mixed assemblage of vibrios. Although 59% of the crabs surveyed had culturable bacteria in the hemolymph, the majority only had small numbers (<2000 CFU mL(-1) ), suggesting that such infections may be of limited importance to the sustainability of the crab fishery in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Smith
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, UK
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186
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Huehn S, Eichhorn C, Urmersbach S, Breidenbach J, Bechlars S, Bier N, Alter T, Bartelt E, Frank C, Oberheitmann B, Gunzer F, Brennholt N, Böer S, Appel B, Dieckmann R, Strauch E. Pathogenic vibrios in environmental, seafood and clinical sources in Germany. Int J Med Microbiol 2014; 304:843-50. [PMID: 25129553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria of the family Vibrionaceae naturally occur in marine and estuarine environments. Only few species of Vibrionaceae are associated with human cases of gastroenteritis, ear and wound infections, caused by ingestion of seafood or contact with Vibrio containing water. Increasing consumption of seafood (fish, fishery products and shellfish) poses a possible source of Vibrio infections in Germany. Additionally, there is a growing concern that abundances of pathogenic vibrios may increase in German coastal waters as a result of e.g. climate change resulting in probably rising surface water temperatures. According to the One Health concept the VibrioNet consortium started in 2010 to investigate the occurrence and relevance of non-cholera vibrios of human concern in Germany. Vibrios from environmental, seafood and clinical sources were analyzed with the aim to find connections between different reservoirs or sources and to identify potential ways of transmission of these pathogens to assess the risk of infections associated with them. Potentially pathogenic strains mostly belong to the species Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus and non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae. Investigations on imported seafood and mussels from primary production areas confirmed the frequent occurrence of these species. Moreover, studies of German coastal waters and sediments showed the presence and seasonality of these marine bacteria. So far the incidence of clinical cases of vibriosis in Germany is low. Between 1994 and 2013 thirteen cases of Vibrio spp. associated wound infections and/or septicaemia have been reported. However, the high prevalence of vibrios in aquatic environments and aquatic organisms is of concern and demands continued control of food and surveillance for clinical infections with pathogenic vibrios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Huehn
- Institut für Lebensmittelhygiene, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christin Eichhorn
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sara Urmersbach
- Institut für Lebensmittelhygiene, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Nadja Bier
- Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Alter
- Institut für Lebensmittelhygiene, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Edda Bartelt
- Institut für Fische und Fischereierzeugnisse, LAVES, Cuxhaven, Germany
| | | | | | - Florian Gunzer
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Simone Böer
- Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Bernd Appel
- Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung, Berlin, Germany
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187
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Occurrence of Vibrio, Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus in retail fresh fish, mussel and shrimp. ACTA VET BRNO 2014. [DOI: 10.2754/avb201483020075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the presence of pathogenic Vibrio spp., S. aureus and Salmonella in 100 seafood samples purchased from retail outlets in Bursa city (Turkey). Of the samples examined including fish, mussel and shrimp, 67% were found to be contaminated with Vibrio. Presumed Vibrio spp. were identified by standard biochemical tests, and further confirmed by API 20E system. Identified Vibrio spp. were V. parahaemolyticus (28%), V. vulnificus (1%) and V. cholerae (1%), with the most prevalent being V. alginolyticus (37%). Six (6%) of the samples analysed were positive for S. aureus. However, no contamination of the samples with Salmonella was observed. Our results showed that seafood from retail outlets can be a likely vehicle for infections with Vibrio spp. and S. aureus.
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Zhou QJ, Wang L, Chen J, Wang RN, Shi YH, Li CH, Zhang DM, Yan XJ, Zhang YJ. Development and evaluation of a real-time fluorogenic loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay integrated on a microfluidic disc chip (on-chip LAMP) for rapid and simultaneous detection of ten pathogenic bacteria in aquatic animals. J Microbiol Methods 2014; 104:26-35. [PMID: 24954661 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2014.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Rapid, low-cost, and user-friendly strategies are urgently needed for early disease diagnosis and timely treatment, particularly for on-site screening of pathogens in aquaculture. In this study, we successfully developed a real-time fluorogenic loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay integrated on a microfluidic disc chip (on-chip LAMP), which was capable of simultaneously detecting 10 pathogenic bacteria in aquatic animals, i.e., Nocardia seriolae, Pseudomonas putida, Streptococcus iniae, Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio anguillarum, Vibrio fluvialis, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio rotiferianus, and Vibrio vulnificus. The assay provided a nearly-automated approach, with only a single pipetting step per chip for sample dispensing. This technique could achieve limits of detection (LOD) ranging from 0.40 to 6.42pg per 1.414μL reaction in less than 30 min. The robust reproducibility was demonstrated by a little variation among duplications for each bacterium with the coefficient of variation (CV) for time to positive (Tp) value less than 0.10. The clinical sensitivity and specificity of this on-chip LAMP assay in detecting field samples were 96.2% and 93.8% by comparison with conventional microbiological methods. Compared with other well-known techniques, on-chip LAMP assay provides low sample and reagent consumption, ease-of-use, accelerated analysis, multiple bacteria and on-site detection, and high reproducibility, indicating that such a technique would be applicable for on-site detection and routine monitoring of multiple pathogens in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Jin Zhou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China; Ningbo Branch of National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- CapitalBio Corporation, 18 Life Science Parkway, Changping District, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Jiong Chen
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China; Ningbo Branch of National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.
| | - Rui-Na Wang
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Yu-Hong Shi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China; Ningbo Branch of National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Chang-Hong Li
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China; Ningbo Branch of National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - De-Min Zhang
- Ningbo Branch of National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jun Yan
- Ningbo Branch of National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Yan-Jun Zhang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310051, PR China
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Haenen OLM, van Zanten E, Jansen R, Roozenburg I, Engelsma MY, Dijkstra A, Boers SA, Voorbergen-Laarman M, Möller AVM. Vibrio vulnificus outbreaks in Dutch eel farms since 1996: strain diversity and impact. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2014; 108:201-209. [PMID: 24695233 DOI: 10.3354/dao02703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio vulnificus is a potentially zoonotic bacterial pathogen of fish, which can infect humans (causing necrotic fasciitis). We analysed 24 V. vulnificus isolates (from 23 severe eel disease outbreaks in 8 Dutch eel farms during 1996 to 2009, and 1 clinical strain from an eel farmer) for genetic correlation and zoonotic potential. Strains were typed using biotyping and molecular typing by high-throughput multilocus sequence typing (hiMLST) and REP-PCR (Diversilab®). We identified 19 strains of biotype 1 and 5 of biotype 2 (4 from eels, 1 from the eel farmer), that were subdivided into 8 MLST types (ST) according to the international standard method. This is the first report of V. vulnificus biotype 1 outbreaks in Dutch eel farms. Seven of the 8 STs, of unknown zoonotic potential, were newly identified and were deposited in the MLST database. The REP-PCR and the MLST were highly concordant, indicating that the REP-PCR is a useful alternative for MLST. The strains isolated from the farmer and his eels were ST 112, a known potential zoonotic strain. Antimicrobial resistance to cefoxitin was found in most of the V. vulnificus strains, and an increasing resistance to quinolones, trimethoprim + sulphonamide and tetracycline was found over time in strain ST 140. Virulence testing of isolates from diseased eels is recommended, and medical practitioners should be informed about the potential risk of zoonotic infections by V. vulnificus from eels for the prevention of infection especially among high-risk individuals. Additional use of molecular typing methods such as hiMLST and Diversilab® is recommended for epidemiological purposes during V. vulnificus outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- O L M Haenen
- National Reference Laboratory of Fish, Crustacean and Shellfish Diseases, Central Veterinary Institute of Wageningen UR, 8200 AB Lelystad, the Netherlands
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Rahman MS, Martino ME, Cardazzo B, Facco P, Bordin P, Mioni R, Novelli E, Fasolato L. Vibrio trends in the ecology of the Venice lagoon. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 80:2372-80. [PMID: 24487545 PMCID: PMC3993166 DOI: 10.1128/aem.04133-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio is a very diverse genus that is responsible for different human and animal diseases. The accurate identification of Vibrio at the species level is important to assess the risks related to public health and diseases caused by aquatic organisms. The ecology of Vibrio spp., together with their genetic background, represents an important key for species discrimination and evolution. Thus, analyses of population structure and ecology association are necessary for reliable characterization of bacteria and to investigate whether bacterial species are going through adaptation processes. In this study, a population of Vibrionaceae was isolated from shellfish of the Venice lagoon and analyzed in depth to study its structure and distribution in the environment. A multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) was developed on the basis of four housekeeping genes. Both molecular and biochemical approaches were used for species characterization, and the results were compared to assess the consistency of the two methods. In addition, strain ecology and the association between genetic information and environment were investigated through statistical models. The phylogenetic and population analyses achieved good species clustering, while biochemical identification was demonstrated to be imprecise. In addition, this study provided a fine-scale overview of the distribution of Vibrio spp. in the Venice lagoon, and the results highlighted a preferential association of the species toward specific ecological variables. These findings support the use of MLSA for taxonomic studies and demonstrate the need to consider environmental information to obtain broader and more accurate bacterial characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shamsur Rahman
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
- Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Maria Elena Martino
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Barbara Cardazzo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Pierantonio Facco
- Computer-Aided Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Paola Bordin
- Laboratorio Batteriologia degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Renzo Mioni
- Laboratorio Batteriologia degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Enrico Novelli
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Luca Fasolato
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
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Baztan J, Carrasco A, Chouinard O, Cleaud M, Gabaldon JE, Huck T, Jaffrès L, Jorgensen B, Miguelez A, Paillard C, Vanderlinden JP. Protected areas in the Atlantic facing the hazards of micro-plastic pollution: first diagnosis of three islands in the Canary Current. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 80:302-11. [PMID: 24433999 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 12/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Coastal zones and the biosphere as a whole show signs of cumulative degradation due to the use and disposal of plastics. To better understand the manifestation of plastic pollution in the Atlantic Ocean, we partnered with local communities to determine the concentrations of micro-plastics in 125 beaches on three islands in the Canary Current: Lanzarote, La Graciosa, and Fuerteventura. We found that, in spite of being located in highly-protected natural areas, all beaches in our study area are exceedingly vulnerable to micro-plastic pollution, with pollution levels reaching concentrations greater than 100 g of plastic in 1l of sediment. This paper contributes to ongoing efforts to develop solutions to plastic pollution by addressing the questions: (i) Where does this pollution come from?; (ii) How much plastic pollution is in the world's oceans and coastal zones?; (iii) What are the consequences for the biosphere?; and (iv) What are possible solutions?
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Baztan
- Observatoire de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 11 boulevard d'Alembert, 78280 Guyancourt, France; Marine Sciences For Society, Hurtado 7, 08023 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ana Carrasco
- Observatorio Reserva de Biosfera, Cabildo de Lanzarote, Fred Olsen s/n, 35500 Arrecife, Spain
| | - Omer Chouinard
- Université de Moncton, 18 Avenue Antonine-Maillet, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada; Marine Sciences For Society, Hurtado 7, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Muriel Cleaud
- Maison des Minéraux, Rue Cap de la Chèvre, 29160 Crozon, France; Marine Sciences For Society, Hurtado 7, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús E Gabaldon
- Dynamical Systems, Gurb 17, 08500 Vic, Spain; Marine Sciences For Society, Hurtado 7, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thierry Huck
- UBO-CNRS-LPO, UFR Sciences F308, 6 av. Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France; Marine Sciences For Society, Hurtado 7, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lionel Jaffrès
- Le Théâtre du Grain, Le Maquis, 12 Rue Victor Eusen, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Bethany Jorgensen
- The University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, United States; Marine Sciences For Society, Hurtado 7, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aquilino Miguelez
- Observatorio Reserva de Biosfera, Cabildo de Lanzarote, Fred Olsen s/n, 35500 Arrecife, Spain
| | - Christine Paillard
- IUEM-CNRS-LEMAR, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, rue Dumont d'Urville, 29280 Plouzané, France; Marine Sciences For Society, Hurtado 7, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean-Paul Vanderlinden
- Observatoire de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 11 boulevard d'Alembert, 78280 Guyancourt, France; Marine Sciences For Society, Hurtado 7, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
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193
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Nguyen AN, Jacq A. Small RNAs in the Vibrionaceae: an ocean still to be explored. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2014; 5:381-92. [PMID: 24458378 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In bacteria, the discovery of noncoding small RNAs (sRNAs) as modulators of gene expression in response to environmental signals has brought new insights into bacterial gene regulation, including control of pathogenicity. The Vibrionaceae constitute a family of marine bacteria of which many are responsible for infections affecting not only humans, such as Vibrio cholerae but also fish and marine invertebrates, representing the major cause of mortality in farmed marine species. They are able to colonize many habitats, existing as planktonic forms, in biofilms or associated with various hosts. This high adaptability is linked to their capacity to generate genetic diversity, in part through lateral gene transfer, but also by varying gene expression control. In the recent years, several major studies have illustrated the importance of small regulatory sRNAs in the Vibrionaceae for the control of pathogenicity and adaptation to environment and nutrient sources such as chitin, especially in V. cholerae and Vibrio harveyi. The existence of a complex regulatory network controlled by quorum sensing has been demonstrated in which sRNAs play central roles. This review covers major advances made in the discovery and elucidation of functions of Vibrionaceae sRNAs within the last 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Ngoc Nguyen
- Institut de Génétique et Microbiologie, UMR 8621 CNRS-Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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Zarei M, Jamnejad A, Khajehali E. Antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles against four foodborne pathogens. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2014; 7:e8720. [PMID: 25147658 PMCID: PMC4138668 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.8720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Revised: 01/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increased demand for improved disinfection methods due to microorganisms resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents. Numerous types of disinfectants are available with different properties; but the proper disinfectant must be carefully selected for any specific application to obtain the desired antimicrobial effect. OBJECTIVES Antimicrobial effect of a commercial nanosilver product, NanoCid® L2000, against some foodborne pathogens was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined by monitoring the growth of bacteria at 600 nm, after 24 hours incubation at 35°C. Minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were determined based on 3 log decrease in the viable population of the pathogens after incubation of nutrient agar plates at 35°C for 24 hours. The required exposure time for 3 log reduction in the viable population of the tested pathogens was determined as the minimum exposure time for efficient bactericidal activity. RESULTS The MIC values of Ag NPs against tested pathogens were in the range of 3.12-6.25 µg/mL. While Listeria monocytogenes showed the MIC value of 6.25 µg/mL, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella typhimurium and Vibrio parahaemolyticus all showed the MIC values of 3.12 µg/mL. However, all the pathogens showed the same MBC value of 6.25 µg/mL. To obtain an efficient bactericidal activity against E. coli O157:H7 and S. typhimurium, the exposure time should be at least ca. 6 hours., while this time was ca. 5 hours for V. parahaemolyticus and ca. 7 hours for L. monocytogenes. CONCLUSIONS Silver nanoparticles showed great antibacterial effectiveness on four important foodborne pathogens. Therefore, Ag NPs could be a good alternative for cleaning and disinfection of equipment and surfaces in food-related environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Zarei
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Amirhesam Jamnejad
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Elahe Khajehali
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
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Espaillat A, Carrasco-López C, Bernardo-García N, Pietrosemoli N, Otero LH, Álvarez L, de Pedro MA, Pazos F, Davis BM, Waldor MK, Hermoso JA, Cava F. Structural basis for the broad specificity of a new family of amino-acid racemases. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA. SECTION D, BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2014; 70:79-90. [PMID: 24419381 PMCID: PMC4984259 DOI: 10.1107/s1399004713024838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Broad-spectrum amino-acid racemases (Bsrs) enable bacteria to generate noncanonical D-amino acids, the roles of which in microbial physiology, including the modulation of cell-wall structure and the dissolution of biofilms, are just beginning to be appreciated. Here, extensive crystallographic, mutational, biochemical and bioinformatic studies were used to define the molecular features of the racemase BsrV that enable this enzyme to accommodate more diverse substrates than the related PLP-dependent alanine racemases. Conserved residues were identified that distinguish BsrV and a newly defined family of broad-spectrum racemases from alanine racemases, and these residues were found to be key mediators of the multispecificity of BrsV. Finally, the structural analysis of an additional Bsr that was identified in the bioinformatic analysis confirmed that the distinguishing features of BrsV are conserved among Bsr family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Espaillat
- Centro de Biología Molecular ‘Severo Ochoa’, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Molecular Biology and Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - César Carrasco-López
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Instituto de Química-Física ‘Rocasolano’–CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Bernardo-García
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Instituto de Química-Física ‘Rocasolano’–CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Lisandro H. Otero
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Instituto de Química-Física ‘Rocasolano’–CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Álvarez
- Centro de Biología Molecular ‘Severo Ochoa’, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Molecular Biology and Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Miguel A. de Pedro
- Centro de Biología Molecular ‘Severo Ochoa’, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Brigid M. Davis
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School and HHMI, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew K. Waldor
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School and HHMI, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Juan A. Hermoso
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Instituto de Química-Física ‘Rocasolano’–CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Cava
- Centro de Biología Molecular ‘Severo Ochoa’, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Molecular Biology and Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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196
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Séré MG, Tortosa P, Chabanet P, Turquet J, Quod JP, Schleyer MH. Bacterial communities associated with Porites white patch syndrome (PWPS) on three western Indian Ocean (WIO) coral reefs. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83746. [PMID: 24391819 PMCID: PMC3877091 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The scleractinian coral Porites lutea, an important reef-building coral on western Indian Ocean reefs (WIO), is affected by a newly-reported white syndrome (WS) the Porites white patch syndrome (PWPS). Histopathology and culture-independent molecular techniques were used to characterise the microbial communities associated with this emerging disease. Microscopy showed extensive tissue fragmentation generally associated with ovoid basophilic bodies resembling bacterial aggregates. Results of 16S rRNA sequence analysis revealed a high variability between bacterial communities associated with PWPS-infected and healthy tissues in P. lutea, a pattern previously reported in other coral diseases such as black band disease (BBD), white band disease (WBD) and white plague diseases (WPD). Furthermore, substantial variations in bacterial communities were observed at the different sampling locations, suggesting that there is no strong bacterial association in Porites lutea on WIO reefs. Several sequences affiliated with potential pathogens belonging to the Vibrionaceae and Rhodobacteraceae were identified, mainly in PWPS-infected coral tissues. Among them, only two ribotypes affiliated to Shimia marina (NR043300.1) and Vibrio hepatarius (NR025575.1) were consistently found in diseased tissues from the three geographically distant sampling localities. The role of these bacterial species in PWPS needs to be tested experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu G. Séré
- Agence pour la Recherche et la Valorisation Marines (ARVAM), Ste Clotilde, Réunion Island, France
- Oceanographic Research Institute (ORI), Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
- Institut de la Recherche pour le développement (IRD), Ste Clotilde, Réunion Island, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Pablo Tortosa
- Centre de Recherche et de Veille sur les maladies émergentes dans l'Océan Indien (CRVOI), Ste Clotilde, Réunion Island, France
- University of Réunion Island, Ste Clotilde, Réunion Island, France
| | - Pascale Chabanet
- Institut de la Recherche pour le développement (IRD), Ste Clotilde, Réunion Island, France
| | - Jean Turquet
- Agence pour la Recherche et la Valorisation Marines (ARVAM), Ste Clotilde, Réunion Island, France
| | - Jean-Pascal Quod
- Agence pour la Recherche et la Valorisation Marines (ARVAM), Ste Clotilde, Réunion Island, France
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Reichardt WT, Reyes JM, Pueblos MJ, Lluisma AO. Impact of milk fish farming in the tropics on potentially pathogenic vibrios. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2013; 77:325-332. [PMID: 24079922 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ratios of sucrose-negative to sucrose-positive vibrios on TCBS agar (suc-/suc+) indicate the abundance of potential human pathogenic non-cholera vibrios in coastal mariculture environments of the Lingayen Gulf (Philippines. In guts of adult maricultured milkfish (Chanos chanos) of suc- vibrios reached extreme peak values ranging between 2 and 545 million per g wet weight. Suc- vibrios outnumbered suc+ vibrios in anoxic sediments, too, and were rarely predominant in coastal waters or in oxidized sediments. Suc-/suc+ ratios in sediments increased toward the mariculture areas with distance from the open sea at decreasing redox potentials. There is circumstantial evidence that suc- vibrios can be dispersed from mariculture areas to adjacent environments including coral reefs. An immediate human health risk by pathogenic Vibrio species is discounted, since milkfish guts contained mainly members of the Enterovibrio group. A representative isolate of these contained proteolytic and other virulence factors, but no genes encoding toxins characteristic of clinical Vibrio species.
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Affiliation(s)
- W T Reichardt
- Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines, Diliman, 1101 Quezon City, Philippines.
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198
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Draft Genome Sequence of the Opportunistic Marine Pathogen Vibrio harveyi Strain E385. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2013; 1:1/6/e00677-13. [PMID: 24336361 PMCID: PMC3861414 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00677-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi strain E385 was isolated from a diseased cage-cultured grouper in Daya Bay, China. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed similarity with V. harveyi strain BAA-1116. We sequenced the pathogenic strain V. harveyi E385 and compared the genome with that of the nonpathogenic strain V. harveyi BAA-1116.
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Zhang X, Nakahara T, Murase S, Nakata H, Inoue T, Kudo T. Physiological characterization of aerobic culturable bacteria in the intestine of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2013; 59:1-10. [PMID: 23518513 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.59.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Various aerobic culturable bacteria (1,133 isolates) were isolated from the gut of Apostichopus japonicus (black adult, green adult, black small, green small, black juvenile, and green juvenile sea cucumbers) and from the sea sediment and the seawater using different culture conditions and without enrichment culture. By molecular analysis of partial 16S rRNA gene sequences of 231 isolates, they were tentatively affiliated with 53 described species in the phyla Firmicutes (42 species), Proteobacteria (9 species) and Actinobacteria (2 species). Eighteen species were often found among the intestines and the sea sediment. High diversity was observed in the genus Bacillus (20 species), Oceanobacillus and Virgibaillus but there were no isolates affiliated to members of the genus Vibrio, well-known sea pathogens. There were no clear differences in the bacterial communities among the hosts varied in size and color. Most isolates showed various polysaccharide degradation activities, suggesting their possible contributions in the digestion of organic matters in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochi Zhang
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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Zhou Z, Pang H, Ding Y, Cai J, Huang Y, Jian J, Wu Z. VscO, a putative T3SS chaperone escort of Vibrio alginolyticus, contributes to virulence in fish and is a target for vaccine development. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 35:1523-1531. [PMID: 23994282 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Type III secretion system (T3SS) in Vibrio alginolyticus is essential for its pathogenesis. VscO's homologous proteins FliJ, InvI and YscO have been suggested to be putative chaperone escorts although its function in V. alginolyticus is unclear. To investigate the physiological role of VscO, a mutant strain of V. alginolyticus with an in-frame deletion of the vscO gene was constructed in the present study. One finding was that the mRNA expression levels of SycD, VopB and VopD proteins decreased in the ΔvscO mutant. In addition, the ΔvscO mutant showed an attenuated swarming ability and a ten-fold decrease in the virulence to fish. However, the ΔvscO mutant showed no difference in the biofilm formation and ECPase activity. Complementation of the mutant strain with the vscO gene could restore the phenotypes of the wild-type strain. Finally, the recombinant VscO protein caused a high antibody titer and an effective protection against lethal challenge with the wild-type strain V. alginolyticus. These results indicated that VscO protein has a specific role in the pathogenesis of V. alginolyticus and it may be a candidate antigen for development of a subunit vaccine against vibriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Zhou
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, PR China
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