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Ko YH, Kwon SH, Lee SY, Jang CG. Liquiritigenin ameliorates memory and cognitive impairment through cholinergic and BDNF pathways in the mouse hippocampus. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 40:1209-1217. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0954-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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152
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Rahman A, Lamberty Y, Schenker E, Cella M, Languille S, Bordet R, Richardson J, Pifferi F, Aujard F. Effects of acute administration of donepezil or memantine on sleep-deprivation-induced spatial memory deficit in young and aged non-human primate grey mouse lemurs (Microcebus murinus). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184822. [PMID: 28922421 PMCID: PMC5602634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of novel therapeutics to prevent cognitive decline of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is facing paramount difficulties since the translational efficacy of rodent models did not resulted in better clinical results. Currently approved treatments, including the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor donepezil (DON) and the N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist memantine (MEM) provide marginal therapeutic benefits to AD patients. There is an urgent need to develop a predictive animal model that is phylogenetically proximal to humans to achieve better translation. The non-human primate grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus) is increasingly used in aging research, but there is no published results related to the impact of known pharmacological treatments on age-related cognitive impairment observed in this primate. In the present study we investigated the effects of DON and MEM on sleep-deprivation (SD)—induced memory impairment in young and aged male mouse lemurs. In particular, spatial memory impairment was evaluated using a circular platform task after 8 h of total SD. Acute single doses of DON or MEM (0.1 and 1mg/kg) or vehicle were administered intraperitoneally 3 h before the cognitive task during the SD procedure. Results indicated that both doses of DON were able to prevent the SD-induced deficits in retrieval of spatial memory as compared to vehicle-treated animals, both in young and aged animals Likewise, MEM show a similar profile at 1 mg/kg but not at 0.1mg/kg. Taken together, these results indicate that two widely used drugs for mitigating cognitive deficits in AD were partially effective in sleep deprived mouse lemurs, which further support the translational potential of this animal model. Our findings demonstrate the utility of this primate model for further testing cognitive enhancing drugs in development for AD or other neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisur Rahman
- UMR 7179 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Brunoy, France
| | - Yves Lamberty
- UCB Pharma s.a., Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium
| | | | - Massimo Cella
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Global Clinical Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy
| | - Solène Languille
- UMR 7179 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Brunoy, France
| | - Régis Bordet
- Département de Pharmacologie Médicale, Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, Faculté de Médecine, CHU, Lille, France
| | - Jill Richardson
- Neurosciences Therapeutic Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, Herts., United Kingdom
| | - Fabien Pifferi
- UMR 7179 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Brunoy, France
| | - Fabienne Aujard
- UMR 7179 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Brunoy, France
- * E-mail:
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153
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Bassani TB, Turnes JM, Moura ELR, Bonato JM, Cóppola-Segovia V, Zanata SM, Oliveira RMMW, Vital MABF. Effects of curcumin on short-term spatial and recognition memory, adult neurogenesis and neuroinflammation in a streptozotocin-induced rat model of dementia of Alzheimer's type. Behav Brain Res 2017; 335:41-54. [PMID: 28801114 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a natural polyphenol with evidence of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. Recent evidence also suggests that curcumin increases cognitive performance in animal models of dementia, and this effect would be related to its capacity to enhance adult neurogenesis. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that curcumin treatment would be able to preserve cognition by increasing neurogenesis and decreasing neuroinflammation in the model of dementia of Alzheimer's type induced by an intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin (ICV-STZ) in Wistar rats. The animals were injected with ICV-STZ or vehicle and curcumin treatments (25, 50 and 100mg/kg, gavage) were performed for 30days. Four weeks after surgery, STZ-lesioned animals exhibited impairments in short-term spatial memory (Object Location Test (OLT) and Y maze) and short-term recognition memory (Object Recognition Test - ORT), decreased cell proliferation and immature neurons (Ki-67- and doublecortin-positive cells, respectively) in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and dentate gyrus (DG) of hippocampus, and increased immunoreactivity for the glial markers GFAP and Iba-1 (neuroinflammation). Curcumin treatment in the doses of 50 and 100mg/kg prevented the deficits in recognition memory in the ORT, but not in spatial memory in the OLT and Y maze. Curcumin treatment exerted only slight improvements in neuroinflammation, resulting in no improvements in hippocampal and subventricular neurogenesis. These results suggest a positive effect of curcumin in object recognition memory which was not related to hippocampal neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taysa B Bassani
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Joelle M Turnes
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Eric L R Moura
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Jéssica M Bonato
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | | | - Silvio M Zanata
- Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 81531-990, Brazil
| | - Rúbia M M W Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Maria A B F Vital
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
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154
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Neuroprotective role of GABAB receptor modulation against streptozotocin-induced behavioral and biochemical abnormalities in rats. Neuroscience 2017; 357:67-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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155
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Michalski D, Hofmann S, Pitsch R, Grosche J, Härtig W. Neurovascular Specifications in the Alzheimer-Like Brain of Mice Affected by Focal Cerebral Ischemia: Implications for Future Therapies. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 59:655-674. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-170185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Hofmann
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roman Pitsch
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Härtig
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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156
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Nguyen VT, Zhao BT, Seong SH, Kim JA, Woo MH, Choi JS, Min BS. Inhibitory effects of serratene-type triterpenoids from Lycopodium complanatum on cholinesterases and β-secretase 1. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 274:150-157. [PMID: 28698023 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of Lycopodium complanatum whole plants led to the isolation of two new serratene-type triterpenoids (1 and 2) along with eight known triterpenoids (3-10). Their structures were established using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques and mass spectrometry. These compounds did not inhibit acetylcholinesterases (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), but did inhibit β-secretase 1 (BACE1). Compounds 1 and 6 showed potent BACE1 inhibition with IC50 values of 2.79 ± 0.28 and 2.49 ± 0.12 μM, respectively. The kinetic study of BACE1 inhibition revealed that compound 1 showed competitive inhibition, whereas 6 showed mixed-type inhibition. Furthermore, molecular docking results showed that the tested inhibitors 1 and 6 exhibited good binding affinities toward BACE1, with binding energies of -8.8 and -10.3 kcal/mol, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Thu Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy, Drug Research and Development Center, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongbuk 38430, Republic of Korea; Vietnam Military Medical University, 160 Phung Hung, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Bing Tian Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Drug Research and Development Center, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongbuk 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hui Seong
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ah Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 48547, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Woo
- College of Pharmacy, Drug Research and Development Center, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongbuk 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sui Choi
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byung Sun Min
- College of Pharmacy, Drug Research and Development Center, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongbuk 38430, Republic of Korea.
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157
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Effects of Aged Garlic Extract on Cholinergic, Glutamatergic and GABAergic Systems with Regard to Cognitive Impairment in Aβ-Induced Rats. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9070686. [PMID: 28671572 PMCID: PMC5537801 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been linked to the degeneration of central cholinergic and glutamatergic transmission, which correlates with progressive memory loss and the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ). It has been claimed that aged garlic extract (AGE) has a beneficial effect in preventing neurodegeneration in AD. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of AGE on Aβ-induced cognitive dysfunction with a biochemical basis in the cholinergic, glutamatergic, and GABAergic systems in rats. Adult male Wistar rats were orally administered three doses of AGE (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) daily for 65 days. At day 56, they were injected with 1 μL of aggregated Aβ (1–42) into each lateral ventricle, bilaterally. After six days of Aβ injection, the rats’ working and reference memory was tested using a radial arm maze. The rats were then euthanized to investigate any changes to the cholinergic neurons, vesicular glutamate transporter 1 and 2 proteins (VGLUT1 and VGLUT2), and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) in the hippocampus. The results showed that AGE significantly improved the working memory and tended to improve the reference memory in cognitively-impaired rats. In addition, AGE significantly ameliorated the loss of cholinergic neurons and increased the VGLUT1 and GAD levels in the hippocampus of rat brains with Aβ-induced toxicity. In contrast, the VGLUT2 protein levels did not change in any of the treated groups. We concluded that AGE was able to attenuate the impairment of working memory via the modification of cholinergic neurons, VGLUT1, and GAD in the hippocampus of Aβ-induced rats.
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158
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Mani V, Jaafar SM, Azahan NSM, Ramasamy K, Lim SM, Ming LC, Majeed ABA. Ciproxifan improves cholinergic transmission, attenuates neuroinflammation and oxidative stress but does not reduce amyloid level in transgenic mice. Life Sci 2017; 180:23-35. [PMID: 28501482 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
AIM The present study is aimed to investigate the ability of ciproxifan, a histamine H3 receptor antagonist to inhibit β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced neurotoxicity in SK-N-SH cells and APP transgenic mouse model. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro studies was designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of ciproxifan in Aβ25-35 - induced SK-N-SH cells. For the in vivo study, ciproxifan (1 and 3mg/kg, i.p.) was administrated to transgenic mice for 15days and behaviour was assessed using the radial arm maze (RAM). Brain tissues were collected to measure Aβ levels (Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42), acetylcholine (ACh), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), nitric oxide (NO), lipid peroxidation (LPO), antioxidant activities, cyclooxygenases (COX) and cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-6), while plasma was collected to measure TGF-1β. RESULTS The in vitro studies demonstrated neuroprotective effect of ciproxifan by increasing cell viability and inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Aβ25-35-induced SK-N-SH cells. Ciproxifan significantly improved the behavioural parameters in RAM. Ciproxifan however, did not alter the Aβ levels in APP transgenic mice. Ciproxifan increased ACh and showed anti-oxidant properties by reducing NO and LPO levels as well as enhancing antioxidant levels. The neuroinflammatory analysis showed that ciproxifan reduced both COX-1 and COX-2 activities, decreased the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-6 and increased the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-1β. CONCLUSION This present study provides scientific evidence of the use of ciproxifan via antioxidant and cholinergic pathways in the management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudevan Mani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Brain Degeneration and Therapeutics Group, Pharmaceutical & Life Sciences CoRe, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Siti Murnirah Jaafar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Syamimi Mohd Azahan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kalavathy Ramasamy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Pharmaceutical & Life Sciences CoRe, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Siong Meng Lim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Pharmaceutical & Life Sciences CoRe, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Brain Degeneration and Therapeutics Group, Pharmaceutical & Life Sciences CoRe, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Unit for Medication Outcomes Research and Education (UMORE), Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Abu Bakar Abdul Majeed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Brain Degeneration and Therapeutics Group, Pharmaceutical & Life Sciences CoRe, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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159
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Greenfield SA, Badin AS, Ferrati G, Devonshire IM. Optical imaging of the rat brain suggests a previously missing link between top-down and bottom-up nervous system function. NEUROPHOTONICS 2017; 4:031213. [PMID: 28573153 PMCID: PMC5443969 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.4.3.031213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Optical imaging with voltage-sensitive dyes enables the visualization of extensive yet highly transient coalitions of neurons (assemblies) operating throughout the brain on a subsecond time scale. We suggest that operating at the mesoscale level of brain organization, neuronal assemblies may provide a functional link between "bottom-up" cellular mechanisms and "top-down" cognitive ones within anatomically defined regions. We demonstrate in ex vivo rat brain slices how varying spatiotemporal dynamics of assemblies reveal differences not previously appreciated between: different stages of development in cortical versus subcortical brain areas, different sensory modalities (hearing versus vision), different classes of psychoactive drugs (anesthetics versus analgesics), different effects of anesthesia linked to hyperbaric conditions and, in vivo, depths of anesthesia. The strategy of voltage-sensitive dye imaging is therefore as powerful as it is versatile and as such can now be applied to the evaluation of neurochemical signaling systems and the screening of related new drugs, as well as to mathematical modeling and, eventually, even theories of consciousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan A. Greenfield
- Neuro-Bio Ltd., Building F5, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, United Kingdom
| | - Antoine-Scott Badin
- Neuro-Bio Ltd., Building F5, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, United Kingdom
- University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni Ferrati
- Neuro-Bio Ltd., Building F5, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M. Devonshire
- Nottingham University Medical School, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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160
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Yu P, Zhou W, Liu L, Tang YB, Song Y, Lu JJ, Hou LN, Chen HZ, Cui YY. L-Satropane Prevents Retinal Neuron Damage by Attenuating Cell Apoptosis and Aβ Production via Activation of M1 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor. Curr Eye Res 2017. [PMID: 28632409 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2017.1315142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) agonists have been used to treat glaucoma due to their intraocular pressure-lowering effects. Recently, it has been reported that retinal mAChRs activation can also stimulate neuroprotective pathways. PURPOSE In our study, we evaluated the potential neuroprotective effect of L-satropane, a novel mAChR agonist, on retinal neuronal injury induced by cobalt chloride (CoCl2) and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). METHODS CoCl2-induced hypoxia injury in cultured cell models and I/R-induced retinal neuronal damage in rats in vivo were used to evaluate the abilities of L-satropane. In detail, we measured the occurrence of retinal pathological changes including molecular markers of neuronal apoptosis and Aβ expression. RESULTS Pretreatment with L-satropane protects against CoCl2-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 and primary retinal neuron (PRN) cells in a dose-dependent manner by increasing retinal neuron survival. CoCl2 or I/R-induced cell apoptosis by upregulating Bax expression and downregulating Bcl-2 expression, which resulted in an increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and upregulating caspase-3 expression/activity was significantly reversed by L-satropane treatment. In addition, L-satropane significantly inhibited the upregulation of Aβ production in both retinal neurons and tissue. We also found that I/R-induced histopathological retinal changes including cell loss in the retinal ganglion cell layer (GCL) and increased TUNEL positive retinal ganglion cells in GCL and thinning of the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and inner nuclear layer (INL) were markedly improved by L-satropane. The effects of L-satropane were largely abolished by the nonselective mAChRs antagonist atropine and M1-selective mAChR antagonist pirenzepine. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that L-satropane might be effective in preventing retinal neuron damage caused by CoCl2 or I/R. The neuroprotective effects of L-satropane may be attributed to decreasing cell apoptosis and Aβ production through activation of M1 mAChR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yu
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Wei Zhou
- b Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Lu Liu
- c Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences , University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| | - Ya-Bin Tang
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yun Song
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Juan-Juan Lu
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Li-Na Hou
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Hong-Zhuan Chen
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yong-Yao Cui
- a Department of Pharmacology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
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161
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3-(Benzyloxy)-1-(5-[18F]fluoropentyl)-5-nitro-1H-indazole: a PET radiotracer to measure acetylcholinesterase in brain. Future Med Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Noninvasive studies of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) level in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients can contribute to a better understanding of the disease and its therapeutic. We propose 3-(benzyloxy)-1-(5-[18F]fluoropentyl)-5-nitro-1H-indazole, [18F]-IND1, structurally related to the AChE-inhibitor CP126,998, as a new positron emission tomography-radiotracer. Experimental: Radiosynthesis, with 18F, stability, lipophilicity and protein binding of [18F]-IND1 were studied. In vivo behavior, in normal mice and on AD mice models, were also analyzed. Results: [18F]-IND1 was obtained in good radiochemical yield, was stable for at least 2 h in different conditions, and had adequate lipophilicity for blood–brain barrier penetration. Biodistribution studies, in normal mice, showed that [18F]-IND1 was retained in the brain after 1 h. In vivo tacrine-blocking experiments indicated this uptake could be specifically due to AChE interaction. Studies in transgenic AD mice showed differential, compared with normal mice, binding in many brain regions. Conclusion: [18F]-IND1 can be used to detect AChE changes in AD patients.
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162
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Doty RL. Olfactory dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases: is there a common pathological substrate? Lancet Neurol 2017; 16:478-488. [DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(17)30123-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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163
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Singh Y, Gupta G, Shrivastava B, Dahiya R, Tiwari J, Ashwathanarayana M, Sharma RK, Agrawal M, Mishra A, Dua K. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP): A novel target for Alzheimer's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2017; 23:457-461. [PMID: 28417590 PMCID: PMC6492742 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is leading cause of death among older characterized by neurofibrillary tangles, oxidative stress, progressive neuronal deficits, and increased levels of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides. Cholinergic treatment could be the best suitable physiological therapy for AD. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a thirty-seven-amino acid regulatory neuropeptide resulting from different merging of the CGRP gene, which also includes adrenomedullin, amylin, calcitonin, intermedin, and calcitonin receptor-stimulating peptide. It is a proof for a CGRP receptor within nucleus accumbens of brain that is different from either the CGRP1 or CGRP2 receptor in which it demonstrates similar high-affinity binding for salmon calcitonin, CGRP, and amylin, a possession which is not shared by any extra CGRP receptors. Binding of CGRP to its receptor increases activated cAMP-dependent pkA and PI3 kinase, resulting in N-terminal fragments that are shown to exert complex inhibitory as well facilitator actions on nAChRs. Fragments such as CGRP1-4, CGRP1-5, and CGRP1-6 rapidly as well as reversibly improve agonist sensitivity of nAChRs without straight stimulating those receptors and produce the Ca2+ -induced intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)-activated angiotensin-type (AT4) receptor is also beneficial in AD. It has been suggested that exogenous administration of CGRP inhibits infiltration of macrophages and expression of various inflammatory mediators such as NFkB, IL-1b, TNF-α, iNOS, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, and cell adhesion molecules like intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 which attenuates consequence of inflammation in AD. Donepezil, a ChEI, inhibits acetylcholinesterase and produces angiogenesis and neurogenesis, in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus of WT mice after donepezil administration. However, none of the results discovered in CGRP-knockout mice and WT mice exposed to practical denervation. Therefore, selective agonists of CGRP receptors may become the potential candidates for treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogendra Singh
- School of PharmacyJaipur National UniversityJagatpuraJaipurIndia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of PharmacyJaipur National UniversityJagatpuraJaipurIndia
- School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of NewcastleNewcastleNSWAustralia
| | | | - Rajiv Dahiya
- Laboratory of Peptide Research and DevelopmentSchool of Pharmacy, The University of the West IndiesSt. Augustine, Trinidad & TobagoWest Indies
| | - Juhi Tiwari
- School of PharmacyJaipur National UniversityJagatpuraJaipurIndia
| | | | | | - Mohit Agrawal
- School of pharmacySuresh Gyan Vihar UniversityJaipurIndia
| | - Anurag Mishra
- School of pharmacySuresh Gyan Vihar UniversityJaipurIndia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of PharmacyGraduate School of HealthUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and PharmacyUniversity of NewcastleNewcastleNSWAustralia
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesShoolini UniversitySolanHimachal PradeshIndia
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Esteves I, Lopes-Aguiar C, Rossignoli M, Ruggiero R, Broggini A, Bueno-Junior L, Kandratavicius L, Monteiro M, Romcy-Pereira R, Leite J. Chronic nicotine attenuates behavioral and synaptic plasticity impairments in a streptozotocin model of Alzheimer’s disease. Neuroscience 2017; 353:87-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Drogos LL, Gill SJ, Tyndall AV, Raneri JK, Parboosingh JS, Naef A, Guild KD, Eskes G, Hanly PJ, Poulin MJ. Evidence of association between sleep quality and APOE ε4 in healthy older adults: A pilot study. Neurology 2017; 87:1836-1842. [PMID: 27777343 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000003255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been estimated that the prevalence of Alzheimer disease (AD) and related dementias will triple by 2035, unless effective interventions or treatments are found for the neurodegenerative disease. Understanding sleep changes as a marker for both AD risk and progression is a burgeoning area of investigation. Specifically, there is emerging evidence that both sleep disturbances and the APOE ε4 allele are associated with increased dementia risk. Previous research has suggested that in AD, individuals carrying the APOE ε4 allele have decreased sleep quality compared to individuals without the APOE ε4 allele. This observational trial aimed to determine if healthy older adults with the risk allele (APOE ε4+) have more sleep complaints or evidence of objective sleep disruption compared to healthy older adults without the risk allele (APOE ε4-). METHODS Within the larger Brain in Motion study, a subset of participants completed at-home polysomnography (PSG) and actigraphy sleep assessment. Subjective sleep complaints were determined using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. RESULTS This investigation found a significant relationship between presence of APOE ε4 allele and objective sleep disturbances measured by both actigraphy and PSG, but not subjective sleep complaints in a healthy population screened for dementia. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the influence of APOE ε4 allele on objective sleep quality may precede subjective sleep complaints in individuals at increased risk for dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren L Drogos
- From the Department of Physiology & Pharmacology (L.L.D., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., G.E., M.J.P.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute (L.L.D., S.J.G., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., P.J.H., M.J.P.), Department of Medical Sciences (S.J.G.), Department of Medicine (J.K.R., P.J.H.), Department of Medical Genetics (J.S.P.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences (M.J.P.), and Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (M.J.P.), Cumming School of Medicine, and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health (J.S.P.), Faculty of Kinesiology (M.J.P.), and Sleep Centre, Foothills Medical Centre (J.K.R., P.J.H.), University of Calgary; and Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine (G.E.), and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science (G.E.), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Stephanie J Gill
- From the Department of Physiology & Pharmacology (L.L.D., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., G.E., M.J.P.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute (L.L.D., S.J.G., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., P.J.H., M.J.P.), Department of Medical Sciences (S.J.G.), Department of Medicine (J.K.R., P.J.H.), Department of Medical Genetics (J.S.P.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences (M.J.P.), and Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (M.J.P.), Cumming School of Medicine, and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health (J.S.P.), Faculty of Kinesiology (M.J.P.), and Sleep Centre, Foothills Medical Centre (J.K.R., P.J.H.), University of Calgary; and Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine (G.E.), and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science (G.E.), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Amanda V Tyndall
- From the Department of Physiology & Pharmacology (L.L.D., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., G.E., M.J.P.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute (L.L.D., S.J.G., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., P.J.H., M.J.P.), Department of Medical Sciences (S.J.G.), Department of Medicine (J.K.R., P.J.H.), Department of Medical Genetics (J.S.P.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences (M.J.P.), and Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (M.J.P.), Cumming School of Medicine, and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health (J.S.P.), Faculty of Kinesiology (M.J.P.), and Sleep Centre, Foothills Medical Centre (J.K.R., P.J.H.), University of Calgary; and Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine (G.E.), and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science (G.E.), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Jill K Raneri
- From the Department of Physiology & Pharmacology (L.L.D., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., G.E., M.J.P.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute (L.L.D., S.J.G., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., P.J.H., M.J.P.), Department of Medical Sciences (S.J.G.), Department of Medicine (J.K.R., P.J.H.), Department of Medical Genetics (J.S.P.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences (M.J.P.), and Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (M.J.P.), Cumming School of Medicine, and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health (J.S.P.), Faculty of Kinesiology (M.J.P.), and Sleep Centre, Foothills Medical Centre (J.K.R., P.J.H.), University of Calgary; and Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine (G.E.), and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science (G.E.), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Jillian S Parboosingh
- From the Department of Physiology & Pharmacology (L.L.D., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., G.E., M.J.P.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute (L.L.D., S.J.G., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., P.J.H., M.J.P.), Department of Medical Sciences (S.J.G.), Department of Medicine (J.K.R., P.J.H.), Department of Medical Genetics (J.S.P.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences (M.J.P.), and Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (M.J.P.), Cumming School of Medicine, and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health (J.S.P.), Faculty of Kinesiology (M.J.P.), and Sleep Centre, Foothills Medical Centre (J.K.R., P.J.H.), University of Calgary; and Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine (G.E.), and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science (G.E.), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Aileen Naef
- From the Department of Physiology & Pharmacology (L.L.D., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., G.E., M.J.P.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute (L.L.D., S.J.G., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., P.J.H., M.J.P.), Department of Medical Sciences (S.J.G.), Department of Medicine (J.K.R., P.J.H.), Department of Medical Genetics (J.S.P.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences (M.J.P.), and Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (M.J.P.), Cumming School of Medicine, and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health (J.S.P.), Faculty of Kinesiology (M.J.P.), and Sleep Centre, Foothills Medical Centre (J.K.R., P.J.H.), University of Calgary; and Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine (G.E.), and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science (G.E.), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Kyle D Guild
- From the Department of Physiology & Pharmacology (L.L.D., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., G.E., M.J.P.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute (L.L.D., S.J.G., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., P.J.H., M.J.P.), Department of Medical Sciences (S.J.G.), Department of Medicine (J.K.R., P.J.H.), Department of Medical Genetics (J.S.P.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences (M.J.P.), and Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (M.J.P.), Cumming School of Medicine, and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health (J.S.P.), Faculty of Kinesiology (M.J.P.), and Sleep Centre, Foothills Medical Centre (J.K.R., P.J.H.), University of Calgary; and Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine (G.E.), and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science (G.E.), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Gail Eskes
- From the Department of Physiology & Pharmacology (L.L.D., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., G.E., M.J.P.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute (L.L.D., S.J.G., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., P.J.H., M.J.P.), Department of Medical Sciences (S.J.G.), Department of Medicine (J.K.R., P.J.H.), Department of Medical Genetics (J.S.P.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences (M.J.P.), and Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (M.J.P.), Cumming School of Medicine, and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health (J.S.P.), Faculty of Kinesiology (M.J.P.), and Sleep Centre, Foothills Medical Centre (J.K.R., P.J.H.), University of Calgary; and Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine (G.E.), and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science (G.E.), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Patrick J Hanly
- From the Department of Physiology & Pharmacology (L.L.D., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., G.E., M.J.P.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute (L.L.D., S.J.G., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., P.J.H., M.J.P.), Department of Medical Sciences (S.J.G.), Department of Medicine (J.K.R., P.J.H.), Department of Medical Genetics (J.S.P.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences (M.J.P.), and Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (M.J.P.), Cumming School of Medicine, and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health (J.S.P.), Faculty of Kinesiology (M.J.P.), and Sleep Centre, Foothills Medical Centre (J.K.R., P.J.H.), University of Calgary; and Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine (G.E.), and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science (G.E.), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Marc J Poulin
- From the Department of Physiology & Pharmacology (L.L.D., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., G.E., M.J.P.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute (L.L.D., S.J.G., A.V.T., A.N., K.D.G., P.J.H., M.J.P.), Department of Medical Sciences (S.J.G.), Department of Medicine (J.K.R., P.J.H.), Department of Medical Genetics (J.S.P.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences (M.J.P.), and Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (M.J.P.), Cumming School of Medicine, and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health (J.S.P.), Faculty of Kinesiology (M.J.P.), and Sleep Centre, Foothills Medical Centre (J.K.R., P.J.H.), University of Calgary; and Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine (G.E.), and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science (G.E.), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
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Wang Y, MacDonald RG, Thinakaran G, Kar S. Insulin-Like Growth Factor-II/Cation-Independent Mannose 6-Phosphate Receptor in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 54:2636-2658. [PMID: 26993302 PMCID: PMC5901910 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9849-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor II/mannose 6-phosphate (IGF-II/M6P) receptor is a multifunctional single transmembrane glycoprotein. Recent studies have advanced our understanding of the structure, ligand-binding properties, and trafficking of the IGF-II/M6P receptor. This receptor has been implicated in a variety of important cellular processes including growth and development, clearance of IGF-II, proteolytic activation of enzymes, and growth factor precursors, in addition to its well-known role in the delivery of lysosomal enzymes. The IGF-II/M6P receptor, distributed widely in the central nervous system, has additional roles in mediating neurotransmitter release and memory enhancement/consolidation, possibly through activating IGF-II-related intracellular signaling pathways. Recent studies suggest that overexpression of the IGF-II/M6P receptor may have an important role in regulating the levels of transcripts and proteins involved in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-the prevalent cause of dementia affecting the elderly population in our society. It is reported that IGF-II/M6P receptor overexpression can increase the levels/processing of amyloid precursor protein leading to the generation of β-amyloid peptide, which is associated with degeneration of neurons and subsequent development of AD pathology. Given the significance of the receptor in mediating the transport and functioning of the lysosomal enzymes, it is being considered for therapeutic delivery of enzymes to the lysosomes to treat lysosomal storage disorders. Notwithstanding these results, additional studies are required to validate and fully characterize the function of the IGF-II/M6P receptor in the normal brain and its involvement in various neurodegenerative disorders including AD. It is also critical to understand the interaction between the IGF-II/M6P receptor and lysosomal enzymes in neurodegenerative processes, which may shed some light on developing approaches to detect and prevent neurodegeneration through the dysfunction of the receptor and the endosomal-lysosomal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2M8, Canada
- Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - R G MacDonald
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - G Thinakaran
- Departments of Neurobiology, Neurology, and Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - S Kar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2M8, Canada.
- Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2M8, Canada.
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167
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Husain I, Akhtar M, Abdin MZ, Islamuddin M, Shaharyar M, Najmi AK. Rosuvastatin ameliorates cognitive impairment in rats fed with high-salt and cholesterol diet via inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity and amyloid beta peptide aggregation. Hum Exp Toxicol 2017; 37:399-411. [PMID: 28441890 DOI: 10.1177/0960327117705431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide aggregation and cholinergic neurodegeneration are involved in the development of cognitive impairment. Therefore, in this article, we examined rosuvastatin (RSV), an oral hypolipidemic drug, to determine its potential as a dual inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Aβ peptide aggregation for the treatment of cognitive impairment. Molecular docking study was done to examine the affinity of RSV with Aβ1-42 and AChE in silico. We also employed neurobehavioral activity tests, biochemical estimation, and histopathology to study the anti-Aβ1-42 aggregation capability of RSV in vivo. Molecular docking study provided evidence that RSV has the best binding conformer at its receptor site or active site of an enzyme. The cognitive impairment in female Wistar rats was induced by high-salt and cholesterol diet (HSCD) ad libitum for 8 weeks. RSV ameliorated serum cholesterol level, AChE activity, and Aβ1-42 peptide aggregations in HSCD induced cognitive impairment. In addition, RSV-treated rats showed greater scores in the open field (locomotor activity) test. Moreover, the histopathological studies in the hippocampus and cortex of rat brain also supported that RSV markedly reduced the cognitive impairment and preserved the normal histoarchitectural pattern of the hippocampus and cortex. Taken together, these data indicate that RSV may act as a dual inhibitor of AChE and Aβ1-42 peptide aggregation, therefore suggesting a therapeutic strategy for cognitive impairment treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Husain
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - M Akhtar
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - M Zainul Abdin
- 2 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - M Islamuddin
- 2 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - M Shaharyar
- 3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - A K Najmi
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
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168
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Lu C, Shi Z, Sun X, Pan R, Chen S, Li Y, Qu L, Sun L, Dang H, Bu L, Chen L, Liu X. Kai Xin San aqueous extract improves Aβ 1-40-induced cognitive deficits on adaptive behavior learning by enhancing memory-related molecules expression in the hippocampus. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 201:73-81. [PMID: 27751826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Kai Xin San (KXS), a traditional formula of Chinese medicine, has been used to treat dementia. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to investigate its ameliorating effects on Aβ1-40-induced cognitive impairment in rats using a series of novel reward-directed instrumental learning tasks, and to determine its possible mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were pretreated with KXS aqueous extract (0.72 and 1.44g/kg, p.o.) for 10 days, and were trained to gain reward reinforcement by lever pressing at the meantime. Thereafter, rats received a bilateral microinjection of Aβ1-40 in CA1 regions of the hippocampus. Cognitive performance was evaluated with the goal directed (higher response ratio) and habit (visual signal discrimination and extinction) learning tasks, as well as on the levels of memory-related biochemical parameters and molecules. RESULTS Our findings first demonstrated that KXS can improve Aβ1-40-induced amnesia in RDIL via enhancing the comprehension of action-outcome association and the utilization of cue information to guide behavior. Then, its ameliorating effects should be attributed to the modulation of memory-related molecules in the hippocampus. CONCLUSION In conclusion, KXS has the potential to prevent and/or delay the deterioration of cognitive impairment in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Lu
- Research Center for Pharmacology & Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhe Shi
- Research Center for Pharmacology & Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuping Sun
- Research Center for Pharmacology & Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruile Pan
- Research Center for Pharmacology & Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shanguang Chen
- China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghui Li
- China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Qu
- China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Sun
- Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haixia Dang
- Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lanlan Bu
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lingling Chen
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Research Center for Pharmacology & Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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169
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O ET, Halimah A H. COGNITIVE-ENHANCING PROPERTIES OF MORINDA LUCIDA (RUBIACEAE) AND PELTOPHORUM PTEROCARPUM (FABACEAE) IN SCOPOLAMINE-INDUCED AMNESIC MICE. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2017; 14:136-141. [PMID: 28480424 PMCID: PMC5412218 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v14i3.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Cognitive disorders associated with aging have been successfully managed by African traditional medical practitioners using various plants. This study evaluated the cognitive enhancing potentials of Morinda lucida (L) Rubiaceae and Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC) ex. K Heyne in scopolamine induced amnesic animals. Materials and Methods: The anti-amnesic activity of the ethyl acetate extracts of Morinda lucida and Peltophorum pterocarpum at doses of 4 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg were assessed in scopolamine induced amnesic mice using Morris water maze test model. Effect of the extracts on the histology of the hippocampus was also evaluated. Results: The ethyl acetate extract of Morinda lucida and Peltophorum pterocarpum ameliorated scopolamine induced memory deficit in the animals under study. There was no effect of the extract on the histology of the hippocampus. However, there was an increase in the density of cells in the hippocampus of treated group as compared to the untreated. Conclusion: Morinda lucida and Peltophorum pterocarpum showed considerable enhancement of cognition in scopolamine induced amnesic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elufioye Taiwo O
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Hameed Halimah A
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
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Sharma D, Singh M, Kumar P, Vikram V, Mishra N. Development and characterization of morin hydrate loaded microemulsion for the management of Alzheimer's disease. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 45:1620-1630. [PMID: 28102083 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2016.1276919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to prepare and characterize intranasal delivery of morin hydrate loaded microemulsion for the management of Alzheimer's diseases. After intranasal delivery, brain and blood drug concentrations were found to be higher for optimized morin hydrate loaded microemulsion as compared to plain morin hydrate. Significant (P < 0.05) reduction in assessed pharmacodynamic parameters was observed after intranasal administration of morin hydrate loaded microemulsion as compared to sham control group. Daily chronic treatment with morin loaded microemulsion till the 21st day significantly increased the memory in wistar rats with STZ-induced dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dheeraj Sharma
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , I.S.F. College of Pharmacy , Moga , India
| | - Manpreet Singh
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , I.S.F. College of Pharmacy , Moga , India
| | - Punnet Kumar
- b Department of Pharmacology , I.S.F. College of Pharmacy , Moga , India
| | - Vir Vikram
- c Head, Pharmacy , DMCH , Ludhiana , India
| | - Neeraj Mishra
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , I.S.F. College of Pharmacy , Moga , India
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171
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Moyano P, del Pino J, Anadon MJ, Díaz MJ, Gómez G, Frejo MT. Toxicogenomic profile of apoptotic and necrotic SN56 basal forebrain cholinergic neuronal loss after acute and long-term chlorpyrifos exposure. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2017; 59:68-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Sui Z, Qi C, Huang Y, Ma S, Wang X, Le G, Sun J. Aqueous extracts from asparagus stems prevent memory impairments in scopolamine-treated mice. Food Funct 2017; 8:1460-1467. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00028f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous extracts fromAsparagus officinalisL. reversed scopolamine-induced cognitive impairments by increasing acetylcholine and expression of BDNF and CREB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifang Sui
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Biotechnology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi214122
| | - Ce Qi
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi214122
- China
| | - Yunxiang Huang
- Asparagus Engineering Technology Research Centre of Hebei
- Qinhuangdao 066004
- China
- Hebei Province Asparagus Industry Technology Research Institute
- Qinhuangdao 066004
| | - Shufeng Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Biotechnology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi214122
| | - Xinguo Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi214122
- China
| | - Guowei Le
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi214122
- China
| | - Jin Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi214122
- China
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Ferreira Neto DC, de Souza Ferreira M, da Conceição Petronilho E, Alencar Lima J, Oliveira Francisco de Azeredo S, de Oliveira Carneiro Brum J, Jorge do Nascimento C, Figueroa Villar JD. A new guanylhydrazone derivative as a potential acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for Alzheimer's disease: synthesis, molecular docking, biological evaluation and kinetic studies by nuclear magnetic resonance. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra04180b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular docking, in silico studies and NMR show that the new guanylhydrazone is a promising compound for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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174
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Chau SA, Herrmann N, Sherman C, Chung J, Eizenman M, Kiss A, Lanctôt KL. Visual Selective Attention Toward Novel Stimuli Predicts Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 55:1339-1349. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-160641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Chau
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Chelsea Sherman
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jonathan Chung
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Moshe Eizenman
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alex Kiss
- Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Krista L. Lanctôt
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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175
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Wang Y, Zhou Z, Tan H, Zhu S, Wang Y, Sun Y, Li XM, Wang JF. Nitrosylation of Vesicular Transporters in Brain of Amyloid Precursor Protein/Presenilin 1 Double Transgenic Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 55:1683-1692. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-160700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Zhu Zhou
- Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Hua Tan
- Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Shenghua Zhu
- Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Yiran Wang
- Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Yingxia Sun
- Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Xin-Min Li
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jun-Feng Wang
- Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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176
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Nicotine versus 6-hydroxy-l-nicotine against chlorisondamine induced memory impairment and oxidative stress in the rat hippocampus. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 86:102-108. [PMID: 27951416 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
6-Hydroxy-l-nicotine (6HLN), a nicotine derivative from nicotine degradation by Arthrobacter nicotinovorans pAO1 strain was found to improve behavioral deficits and to reverse oxidative stress in the rat hippocampus. Rats were given CHL (10mg/kg, i.p.) were used as an Alzheimer's disease-like model. The nicotine (0.3mg/kg) and 6HLN (0.3mg/kg) were administered alone or in combination in the CHL-treated rats. Memory-related behaviors were evaluated using Y-maze and radial arm-maze tests. The antioxidant enzymes activity and the levels of the biomarkers of oxidative stress were measured in the hippocampus. Statistical analyses were performed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. F values for which p<0.05 were regarded as statistically significant. CHL-caused memory deficits and oxidative stress enhancing were observed. Both nicotine and 6HLN administration attenuated the cognitive deficits and recovered the antioxidant capacity in the rat hippocampus of the CHL rat model. Our results suggest that 6HLN versus nicotine confers anti-amnesic properties in the CHL-induced a rat model of memory impairment via reversing cholinergic function and decreasing brain oxidative stress, suggesting the use of this compound as an alternative agent in AD treatment.
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177
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Singh V, Kahol A, Singh IP, Saraf I, Shri R. Evaluation of anti-amnesic effect of extracts of selected Ocimum species using in-vitro and in-vivo models. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:490-499. [PMID: 27725240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ocimum species are traditionally used for the treatment of anxiety, nerve pain, convulsions and a variety of neurodegenerative disorders. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-amnesic effect of O. basilicum L., O. sanctum L. and O. gratissimum L. extracts using in-vitro and in-vivo models. MATERIALS AND METHODS In-vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory and antioxidant activities of hydro-methanol extracts of plants were evaluated using Ellman and DPPH and FRAP assays, respectively. The most active extract i.e. O. basilicum extract (OBE) was further explored for the possible anti-amnesic activity in mouse model of scopolamine induced amnesia using behavioral models (elevated plus maze and passive shock avoidance task). Brain AChE activity, oxidative profile and histopathological studies were assessed to outline the anti-amnesic mechanism of the extract. RESULTS Significant antioxidant and AChE inhibition activity was observed with all prepared extracts and however, OBE showed most marked free radical scavenging, reducing power and AChE inhibition (IC50 0.65±0.15mg/ml) activity. Basil leaves were standardized with respect to content of 7 phenolic acids using a HPLC-PDA method. A TLC densitometric method was employed to determine the quercetin content in the leaves. The in-vivo studies showed that OBE pre-treatment (200 and 400mg/kg, p.o.) reversed the memory deficit induced by scopolamine in mice, evident by significant (p<0.05) decrease in the transfer latency time and increase in step down latency in elevated plus maze and passive shock avoidance task, respectively. Moreover, OBE significantly reduced the brain AChE activity and oxidative stress. Further, histopathological examination of brain tissues displayed decrease in vacuolated cytoplasm and increase in pyramidal cells in hippocampal and cortical regions with OBE pre-treatment. CONCLUSION OBE possesses antioxidant and AChE inhibitory activity. These biochemical changes are responsible for the anti-amnesic and neuroprotective activities of O. basilicum which may be attributed to the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. This can be developed as an effective anti-amnesic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varinder Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Aditi Kahol
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Inder Pal Singh
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, Department of Natural products, NIPER, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Isha Saraf
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, Department of Natural products, NIPER, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Richa Shri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India.
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178
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Tian M, Xu J, Lei G, Lombroso PJ, Jackson MF, MacDonald JF. STEP activation by Gαq coupled GPCRs opposes Src regulation of NMDA receptors containing the GluN2A subunit. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36684. [PMID: 27857196 PMCID: PMC5114553 DOI: 10.1038/srep36684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are necessary for the induction of synaptic plasticity and for the consolidation of learning and memory. NMDAR function is tightly regulated by functionally opposed families of kinases and phosphatases. Herein we show that the striatal-enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase (STEP) is recruited by Gαq-coupled receptors, including the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M1R), and opposes the Src tyrosine kinase-mediated increase in the function of NMDARs composed of GluN2A. STEP activation by M1R stimulation requires IP3Rs and can depress NMDA-evoked currents with modest intracellular Ca2+ buffering. Src recruitment by M1R stimulation requires coincident NMDAR activation and can augment NMDA-evoked currents with high intracellular Ca2+ buffering. Our findings suggest that Src and STEP recruitment is contingent on differing intracellular Ca2+ dynamics that dictate whether NMDAR function is augmented or depressed following M1R stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Tian
- Molecular Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine, the University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Jian Xu
- Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 230 South Frontage Rd, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Gang Lei
- Molecular Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine, the University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Paul J Lombroso
- Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 230 South Frontage Rd, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.,Departments of Psychiatry, and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, 230 South Frontage Rd, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Michael F Jackson
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T6, Canada.,Neuroscience Research Program, Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3J7, Canada
| | - John F MacDonald
- Molecular Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine, the University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine, the University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
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179
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Paka GD, Ramassamy C. Optimization of Curcumin-Loaded PEG-PLGA Nanoparticles by GSH Functionalization: Investigation of the Internalization Pathway in Neuronal Cells. Mol Pharm 2016; 14:93-106. [PMID: 27744707 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
One major challenge in the field of nanotherapeutics is to increase the selective delivery of cargo to targeted cells. Using polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), we recently highlighted the importance of polymer composition in the biological fate of the nanodrug delivery systems. However, the route of internalization of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) is another key component to consider in the elaboration of modern and targeted devices. For that purpose, herein, we effectively synthesized and characterized glutathione-functionalized PLGA-nanoparticles (GSH-NPs) loaded with curcumin (GSH-NPs-Cur), using thiol-maleimide click reaction and determined their physicochemical properties. We found that GSH functionalization did not affect the drug loading efficiency (DLE), the size, the polydispersity index (PDI), the zeta potential, the release profile, and the stability of the formulation. While being nontoxic, the presence of GSH on the surface of the formulations exhibits a better neuroprotective property against acrolein. The neuronal internalization of GSH-NPs-Cur was higher than free curcumin. In order to track the intracellular localization of the formulations, we used a covalently attached rhodamine (PLGA-Rhod), into our GSH-functionalized matrix. We found that GSH-functionalized matrix could easily be taken up by neuronal cells. Furthermore, we found that GSH conjugation modifies the route of internalization enabling them to escape the uptake through macropinocytosis and therefore avoiding the lysosomal degradation. Taken together, GSH functionalization increases the uptake of formulations and modifies the route of internalization toward a safer pathway. This study shows that the choice of ideal ligand to develop NPs-targeting devices is a crucial step when designing innovative strategy for neuronal cells delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghislain Djiokeng Paka
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier , Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada.,Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, Laval University , Laval, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Charles Ramassamy
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier , Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada.,Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, Laval University , Laval, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
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180
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The cholinergic forebrain arousal system acts directly on the circadian pacemaker. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:13498-13503. [PMID: 27821764 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1610342113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep and wake states are regulated by a variety of mechanisms. One such important system is the circadian clock, which provides temporal structure to sleep and wake. Conversely, changes in behavioral state, such as sleep deprivation (SD) or arousal, can phase shift the circadian clock. Here we demonstrate that the level of wakefulness is critical for this arousal resetting of the circadian clock. Specifically, drowsy animals with significant power in the 7- to 9-Hz band of their EEGs do not exhibit phase shifts in response to a mild SD procedure. We then show that treatments that both produce arousal and reset the phase of circadian clock activate (i.e., induce Fos expression in) the basal forebrain. Many of the activated cells are cholinergic. Using retrograde tract tracing, we demonstrate that cholinergic cells activated by these arousal procedures project to the circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). We then demonstrate that arousal-induced phase shifts are blocked when animals are pretreated with atropine injections to the SCN, demonstrating that cholinergic activity at the SCN is necessary for arousal-induced phase shifting. Finally, we demonstrate that electrical stimulation of the substantia innominata of the basal forebrain phase shifts the circadian clock in a manner similar to that of our arousal procedures and that these shifts are also blocked by infusions of atropine to the SCN. These results establish a functional link between the major forebrain arousal center and the circadian system.
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181
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Pramanik S, Sulistio YA, Heese K. Neurotrophin Signaling and Stem Cells-Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Stem Cell Therapy. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:7401-7459. [PMID: 27815842 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0214-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophins (NTs) are members of a neuronal growth factor protein family whose action is mediated by the tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) receptor family receptors and the p75 NT receptor (p75NTR), a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family. Although NTs were first discovered in neurons, recent studies have suggested that NTs and their receptors are expressed in various types of stem cells mediating pivotal signaling events in stem cell biology. The concept of stem cell therapy has already attracted much attention as a potential strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Strikingly, NTs, proNTs, and their receptors are gaining interest as key regulators of stem cells differentiation, survival, self-renewal, plasticity, and migration. In this review, we elaborate the recent progress in understanding of NTs and their action on various stem cells. First, we provide current knowledge of NTs, proNTs, and their receptor isoforms and signaling pathways. Subsequently, we describe recent advances in the understanding of NT activities in various stem cells and their role in NDs, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Finally, we compile the implications of NTs and stem cells from a clinical perspective and discuss the challenges with regard to transplantation therapy for treatment of AD and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Pramanik
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Yanuar Alan Sulistio
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Klaus Heese
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea.
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182
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Pecoraro V, Sardone LM, Chisari M, Licata F, Li Volsi G, Perciavalle V, Ciranna L, Costa L. A subnanomolar concentration of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) pre-synaptically modulates glutamatergic transmission in the rat hippocampus acting through acetylcholine. Neuroscience 2016; 340:551-562. [PMID: 27816700 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The neuropeptide PACAP modulates synaptic transmission in the hippocampus exerting multiple effects through different receptor subtypes: the underlying mechanisms have not yet been completely elucidated. The neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) also exerts a well-documented modulation of hippocampal synaptic transmission and plasticity. Since PACAP was shown to stimulate ACh release in the hippocampus, we tested whether PACAP acting through ACh might indirectly modulate glutamate-mediated synaptic transmission at a pre- and/or at a post-synaptic level. Using patch clamp on rat hippocampal slices, we tested PACAP effects on stimulation-evoked AMPA receptor-mediated excitatory post-synaptic currents (EPSCsAMPA) in the CA3-CA1 synapse and on spontaneous miniature EPSCs (mEPSCs) in CA1 pyramidal neurons. A subnanomolar dose of PACAP (0.5nM) decreased EPSCsAMPA amplitude, enhanced EPSC paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) and reduced mEPSC frequency, indicating a pre-synaptic decrease of glutamate release probability: these effects were abolished by simultaneous blockade of muscarinic and nicotinic ACh receptors, indicating the involvement of endogenous ACh. The effect of subnanomolar PACAP was abolished by a PAC1 receptor antagonist but not by a VPAC receptor blocker. At a higher concentration (10nM), PACAP inhibited EPSCsAMPA: this effect persisted in the presence of ACh receptor antagonists and did not involve any change in PPF or in mEPSC frequency, thus was not mediated by ACh and was exerted post- synaptically on CA1 pyramidal neurons. We suggest that a high-affinity PAC1 receptor pre-synaptically modulates hippocampal glutamatergic transmission acting through ACh. Therefore, administration of PACAP at very low doses might be envisaged in cognitive diseases with reduced cholinergic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Pecoraro
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Lara Maria Sardone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Mariangela Chisari
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Flora Licata
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Guido Li Volsi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Perciavalle
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Ciranna
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Italy.
| | - Lara Costa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy
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183
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Maternal separation exacerbates Alzheimer's disease-like behavioral and pathological changes in adult APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. Behav Brain Res 2016; 318:18-23. [PMID: 27771383 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disorder that gradually destroys memory and cognitive abilities in the elderly, makes a huge emotional and economic burden on the patients and their families. The presence of senile plaques and the loss of cholinergic neurons in the brain are two neuropathological hallmarks of AD. Maternal separation (MS) is an animal paradigm designed to make early life stress. Studies on wild type rodents showed that MS could induce AD-like cognitive deficit and pathological changes. However, the effects of MS on AD susceptible population or AD animal models are still unclear. In the present study, male APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice were separated from dam and pups 3h per day from postnatal day 2 to day 21. After weaning, all animals were housed under normal conditions (4 mice per cage). At 9-month age, MWM tests were performed to evaluate the learning and memory abilities. Then the pathological changes in the brain were measured by histology staining. The results showed MS mice had more severe deficit of learning and memory. Compared to the control, there were more senile plaques in cortex and hippocampus, fewer cholinergic neurons in nucleus basalis of Meynert in MS mice. These results indicate that MS exacerbates Alzheimer's disease-like behavioral and pathological changes in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice.
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184
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Liu F, Bing T, Shangguan D, Zhao M, Shao N. Ratiometric Fluorescent Biosensing of Hydrogen Peroxide and Hydroxyl Radical in Living Cells with Lysozyme–Silver Nanoclusters: Lysozyme as Stabilizing Ligand and Fluorescence Signal Unit. Anal Chem 2016; 88:10631-10638. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Tao Bing
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Dihua Shangguan
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Meiping Zhao
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Na Shao
- College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
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185
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Kosaraju J, Holsinger RMD, Guo L, Tam KY. Linagliptin, a Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor, Mitigates Cognitive Deficits and Pathology in the 3xTg-AD Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:6074-6084. [PMID: 27699599 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0125-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone shown to be active in the treatment of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and has also been shown as efficacious in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), an enzyme that is expressed in numerous cells, rapidly inactivates endogenous GLP-1. Therefore, DPP-4 inhibition is employed as a therapeutic avenue to increase GLP-1 levels in the management of T2D. The effectiveness of DPP-4 inhibitors in the treatment of AD has been reported in various animal models of AD. With this background, the present study was designed to examine the effectiveness of linagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor in the 3xTg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Nine-month-old 3xTg-AD mice were administered linagliptin orally (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. At the end of the linagliptin treatment, mice were evaluated for cognitive ability on the Morris Water Maze and Y-maze. Following cognitive evaluation, mice were sacrificed to determine the effect of the linagliptin on brain incretin levels, amyloid burden, tau phosphorylation, and neuroinflammation. We confirm that linagliptin treatment for 8 weeks mitigates the cognitive deficits present in 3xTg-AD mice. Moreover, linagliptin also improves brain incretin levels and attenuates amyloid beta, tau phosphorylation as well as neuroinflammation. In conclusion, linagliptin possesses neuroprotective properties that may be attributed to the improvement of incretin levels in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayasankar Kosaraju
- Drug Development Core, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - R M Damian Holsinger
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Dementia, The Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.,The Discipline of Biomedical Science, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, 1875, Australia
| | - Lixia Guo
- Chongqing Key Lab of Natural Medicine Research, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Kin Yip Tam
- Drug Development Core, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.
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186
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Lombardo S, Catteau J, Besson M, Maskos U. A role for β2* nicotinic receptors in a model of local amyloid pathology induced in dentate gyrus. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 46:221-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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187
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Wu MY, Esteban G, Brogi S, Shionoya M, Wang L, Campiani G, Unzeta M, Inokuchi T, Butini S, Marco-Contelles J. Donepezil-like multifunctional agents: Design, synthesis, molecular modeling and biological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 121:864-879. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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188
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Palmer D, Creighton S, Prado VF, Prado MA, Choleris E, Winters BD. Mice deficient for striatal Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter (VAChT) display impaired short-term but normal long-term object recognition memory. Behav Brain Res 2016; 311:267-278. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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189
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Deibel S, Weishaupt N, Regis A, Hong N, Keeley R, Balog R, Bye C, Himmler S, Whitehead S, McDonald R. Subtle learning and memory impairment in an idiopathic rat model of Alzheimer's disease utilizing cholinergic depletions and β-amyloid. Brain Res 2016; 1646:12-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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190
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Pourkhodadad S, Alirezaei M, Moghaddasi M, Ahmadvand H, Karami M, Delfan B, Khanipour Z. Neuroprotective effects of oleuropein against cognitive dysfunction induced by colchicine in hippocampal CA1 area in rats. J Physiol Sci 2016; 66:397-405. [PMID: 26892487 PMCID: PMC10717865 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-016-0437-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with decline in memory. The role of oxidative stress is well known in the pathogenesis of the disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate pretreatment effects of oleuropein on oxidative status and cognitive dysfunction induced by colchicine in the hippocampal CA1 area. Male Wistar rats were pretreated orally once daily for 10 days with oleuropein at doses of 10, 15 and 20 mg/kg. Thereafter, colchicine (15 μg/rat) was administered into the CA1 area of the hippocampus to induce cognitive dysfunction. The Morris water maze was used to assess learning and memory. Biochemical parameters such as glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities, nitric oxide and malondialdehyde concentrations were measured to evaluate the antioxidant status in the rat hippocampus. Our results indicated that colchicine significantly impaired spatial memory and induced oxidative stress; in contrast, oleuropein pretreatment significantly improved learning and memory retention, and attenuated the oxidative damage. The results clearly indicate that oleuropein has neuroprotective effects against colchicine-induced cognitive dysfunction and oxidative damage in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Pourkhodadad
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Masoud Alirezaei
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, P.O. Box 465, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mehrnoush Moghaddasi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Hassan Ahmadvand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Manizheh Karami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Delfan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Zahra Khanipour
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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191
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Jung WY, Kim H, Park HJ, Jeon SJ, Park HJ, Choi HJ, Kim NJ, Jang DS, Kim DH, Ryu JH. The ethanolic extract of the Eclipta prostrata L. ameliorates the cognitive impairment in mice induced by scopolamine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 190:165-73. [PMID: 27267831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Eclipta prostrata L. (Asteraceae) has been prescribed for whole body nourishment and nervine tonic in Asia. However, the effects of E. prostrata in learning and memory have not been fully explored. AIM OF THE STUDY To scientifically elucidate the effects of E. prostrata on cognitive functions, we examined whether E. prostrata could ameliorate a cholinergic blockade-induced memory impairment, and we also investigated the effects of E. prostrata on the synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Memory impairment was induced by scopolamine, a cholinergic muscarinic receptor antagonist. The anti-amnesic effects of the ethanolic extract of Eclipta prostrata L. (EEEP) were measured in mice by the passive avoidance, Y-maze and Morris water maze tasks. To test the effects of EEEP on synaptic plasticity, we measured long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus. We also studied several signaling molecules related to learning and memory, such as phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) or phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). RESULTS In the passive avoidance task, EEEP (50 or 100mg/kg, p.o.) significantly ameliorated the shortened step-through latency induced by scopolamine. EEEP (100mg/kg, p.o.) also showed significant increase in alternation behavior during the Y-maze task. In the Morris water maze task, scopolamine-induced a decrease in both the swimming time within the target zone and the number of crossings where the platform had been placed were significantly reversed by EEEP (50 or 100mg/kg, p.o.). Moreover, EEEP (100μg/ml) significantly enhanced hippocampal LTP without affecting basal synaptic transmission. The administration of EEEP (100mg/kg) increased the phosphorylation levels of Akt and GSK-3β in the hippocampal region. CONCLUSION These results suggest that EEEP has memory-ameliorating activity against scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment and facilitates LTP in the hippocampus. This could be, at least in part, mediated by the activation of the Akt-GSK-3β signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Yong Jung
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Haneul Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jae Park
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Jeon
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Park
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuck Jai Choi
- East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Jae Kim
- East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, Republic of Korea; Institute of Convergence Bio-Health, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Hoon Ryu
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
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192
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Ohizumi Y. [A new strategy for preventive and functional therapeutic methods for dementia--approach using natural products]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2016; 135:449-64. [PMID: 25759053 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.14-00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has become a serious social problem in Japan. However, effective preventive and fundamental therapeutic methods for AD have not yet been developed. Using a new strategy in the course of our survey of numerous natural resouces having neurotrophic activity, we isolated a variety of active constituents and proved their pharmacological properties. As a result, we successfully found nobiletin, a compound with anti-dementia activity that comes from citrus peels. Also, we have demonstrated that nobiletin ameliorates cognitive impairment in several dementia model animals such as chronically amyloid β(Aβ) infused rats, amyloid precursor protein transgenic (APPTg) mice, olfactory-bulbectomized (OBX) mice, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist (MK-801)-treated mice, senescence-accelated mice and bilaterial common carotid arteries occlusion mice. In a APPTg mouse of AD, nobiletin greatly improved memory impairment, and this was accompanied by a marked decrease in Aβ deposition. Also, in OBX mice memory impairment was markedly recoverd by nobiletin, accompanied by improvement of a decrease indensity of cholinergic neurons. Interestingly, nobiletin improves age-related congnitive impairment and decreased hyperphosphorylation of tau as well as oxidative stress in senescence-accelerated mice. In cultured cells, nobiletin reversed the Aβ-induced inhibition of glutamate-induced increases in cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation and modulated gen expression of thioredoxin-interacting protein and NMDA resceptor subunits. These results suggest that nobiletin prevents memory impairment and exhibits a protecting action against neurodgeneration in AD model animals. Nobiletin and citrus peels thus have potential as functional foods for prevention of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Ohizumi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan; Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University; 6-6-07 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka; 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan; Kansei Research Institute, Tohoku Fukushi University; 1-19-1 Kunimi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 989-3201, Japan; Yokohama College of Pharmacy; 601 Matano-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama 245-0066, Japan
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193
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Daulatzai MA. Dysfunctional Sensory Modalities, Locus Coeruleus, and Basal Forebrain: Early Determinants that Promote Neuropathogenesis of Cognitive and Memory Decline and Alzheimer’s Disease. Neurotox Res 2016; 30:295-337. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-016-9643-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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194
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Thomsen MS, Arvaniti M, Jensen MM, Shulepko MA, Dolgikh DA, Pinborg LH, Härtig W, Lyukmanova EN, Mikkelsen JD. Lynx1 and Aβ1-42 bind competitively to multiple nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 46:13-21. [PMID: 27460145 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Lynx1 regulates synaptic plasticity in the brain by regulating nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). It is not known to which extent Lynx1 can bind to endogenous nAChR subunits in the brain or how this interaction is affected by Alzheimer's disease pathology. We apply affinity purification to demonstrate that a water-soluble variant of human Lynx1 (Ws-Lynx1) isolates α3, α4, α5, α6, α7, β2, and β4 nAChR subunits from human and rat cortical extracts, and rat midbrain and olfactory bulb extracts, suggesting that Lynx1 forms complexes with multiple nAChR subtypes in the human and rodent brain. Incubation with Ws-Lynx1 decreases nicotine-mediated extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation in PC12 cells and striatal neurons, indicating that binding of Ws-Lynx1 is sufficient to inhibit signaling downstream of nAChRs. The effect of nicotine in PC12 cells is independent of α7 or α4β2 nAChRs, suggesting that Lynx1 can affect the function of native non-α7, non-α4β2 nAChR subtypes. We further show that Lynx1 and oligomeric β-amyloid1-42 compete for binding to several nAChR subunits, that Ws-Lynx1 prevents β-amyloid1-42-induced cytotoxicity in cortical neurons, and that cortical Lynx1 levels are decreased in a transgenic mouse model with concomitant β-amyloid and tau pathology. Our data suggest that Lynx1 binds to multiple nAChR subtypes in the brain and that this interaction might have functional and pathophysiological implications in relation to Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten S Thomsen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, University Hospital Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Drug Design & Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Maria Arvaniti
- Department of Drug Design & Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Majbrit M Jensen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, University Hospital Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikhail A Shulepko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Dolgikh
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lars H Pinborg
- Neurobiology Research Unit, University Hospital Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Epilepsy Clinic, University Hospital Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Härtig
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ekaterina N Lyukmanova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jens D Mikkelsen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, University Hospital Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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195
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Chalon S, Vercouillie J, Guilloteau D, Suzenet F, Routier S. PET tracers for imaging brain α7 nicotinic receptors: an update. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:14826-31. [PMID: 26359819 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04536c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) molecular imaging of brain targets is a powerful tool to diagnose, follow up, and develop treatments and personalized medicine for a number of acute and chronic brain disorders. The availability of β+ emitter tracers labelled with [(11)C] or [(18)F] having optimal characteristics of affinity and selectivity for alpha-7 nicotinic receptors (α7R) has received considerable attention, due to the major implication of these receptors in brain functions. The aim of this review is to identify the interest and need for the in vivo exploration of α7R by PET molecular imaging, which tools are currently available for this and how to progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chalon
- UMR Inserm U930, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, F-37000 Tours, France.
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196
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Cao Y, Gou Z, Du Y, Fan Y, Liang L, Yan Y, Lin P, Jin M, Du Y. Glutamatergic and central cholinergic dysfunction in the CA1, CA2 and CA3 fields on spatial learning and memory in chronic cerebral ischemia-Induced vascular dementia of rats. Neurosci Lett 2016; 620:169-76. [PMID: 27040427 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) is associated with cognitive decline in aging, vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Substantial evidence has shown that chronic cerebral ischemia may cause cognitive impairment, but the underlying neurobiological mechanism is poorly understood so far. In the present study, we used a rat model of chronic cerebral ischemia by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) to investigate the alterations of glutamatergic and central cholinergic dysfunction, and their causal relationship with the cognitive deficits induced by chronic cerebral ischemia. We found that BCCAO rats exhibited spatial learning and memory impairments dysfunction 3 month after BCCAO. Meanwhile, vGluT levels as well as glutamatergic and central cholinergic positive neurons in the hippocampus CA1-3 field significantly decreased. The protection of glutamergic and cholinergic neurons or regulating glutamate and central cholinergic levels in hippocampal subregion may have beneficial effects on cognitive impairments associated with the possible mechanism in CCI-induced vascular dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjing Cao
- Department of Neurology, Hangzhou Third Hospital, 38 xihu Road, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Zengmei Gou
- Weifang Second People's Hospital, 7 Yuanxiao Street, WeiFang, Shandong 261041, PR China
| | - Yifeng Du
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua xi Road, Jinan 2500013, PR China.
| | - Yongjun Fan
- Eskitis institute for drug discovery, Griffith University, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Lizhen Liang
- Department of Neurology, Hangzhou Third Hospital, 38 xihu Road, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Yongxing Yan
- Department of Neurology, Hangzhou Third Hospital, 38 xihu Road, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Ping Lin
- Department of Neurology, Hangzhou Third Hospital, 38 xihu Road, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Mudan Jin
- Department of Neurology, Hangzhou Third Hospital, 38 xihu Road, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Yifenf Du
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua xi Road, Jinan 2500013, PR China
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197
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Au JL, Weishaupt N, Nell HJ, Whitehead SN, Cechetto DF. Motor and Hippocampal Dependent Spatial Learning and Reference Memory Assessment in a Transgenic Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Stroke. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27022854 DOI: 10.3791/53089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease that results in neurodegeneration and memory loss. While age is a major risk factor for AD, stroke has also been implicated as a risk factor and an exacerbating factor. The co-morbidity of stroke and AD results in worsened stroke-related motor control and AD-related cognitive deficits when compared to each condition alone. To model the combined condition of stroke and AD, a novel transgenic rat model of AD, with a mutated form of amyloid precursor protein (a key protein involved in the development of AD) incorporated into its DNA, is given a small unilateral striatal stroke. For a model with the combination of both stroke and AD, behavioral tests that assess stroke-related motor control, locomotion and AD-related cognitive function must be implemented. The cylinder task involves a cost-efficient, multipurpose apparatus that assesses spontaneous forelimb motor use. In this task, a rat is placed in a cylindrical apparatus, where the rat will spontaneously rear and contact the wall of the cylinder with its forelimbs. These contacts are considered forelimb motor use and quantified during video analysis after testing. Another cost-efficient motor task implemented is the beam-walk task, which assesses forelimb control, hindlimb control and locomotion. This task involves a rat walking across a wooden beam allowing for the assessment of limb motor control through analysis of forelimb slips, hindlimb slips and falls. Assessment of learning and memory is completed with Morris water maze for this behavioral paradigm. The protocol starts with spatial learning, whereby the rat locates a stationary hidden platform. After spatial learning, the platform is removed and both short-term and long-term spatial reference memory is assessed. All three of these tasks are sensitive to behavioral differences and completed within 28 days for this model, making this paradigm time-efficient and cost-efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Au
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University
| | - Nina Weishaupt
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University
| | - Hayley J Nell
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University
| | - Shawn N Whitehead
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University
| | - David F Cechetto
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University;
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198
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Sun SW, Nishioka C, Labib W, Liang HF. Axonal Terminals Exposed to Amyloid-β May Not Lead to Pre-Synaptic Axonal Damage. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 45:1139-48. [PMID: 25697704 DOI: 10.3233/jad-142154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synaptic deficits and neuronal loss are the major pathological manifestations of Alzheimer's disease. However, the link between the early synaptic loss and subsequent neurodegeneration is not entirely clear. Cell culture studies have shown that amyloid-β (Aβ) applied to axonal terminals can cause retrograde degeneration leading to the neuronal loss, but this process has not been demonstrated in live animals. OBJECTIVE To test if Aβ applied to retinal ganglion cell axonal terminals can induce axonal damage in the optic nerve and optic tract in mice. METHODS Aβ was injected into the terminal field of the optic tract, in the left lateral geniculate nucleus of wildtype C57BL/6 mice. Following the injection, monthly diffusion tensor imaging was performed. Three months after the injection, mice underwent visual evoked potential recordings, and then sacrificed for immunohistochemical examination. RESULTS There were no significant changes seen with diffusion tensor imaging in the optic nerve and optic tract 3 months after the Aβ injection. The myelin and axons in these regions remained intact according to immunohistochemistry. The only significant changes observed in this study were delayed transduction and reduced amplitude of visual evoked potentials, although both Aβ and its reversed form caused similar changes. CONCLUSION Despite the published in vitro studies, there was no significant axonal damage in the optic nerve and optic tract after injecting Aβ onto retinal ganglion cell axonal terminals of wildtype C57BL/6 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Wei Sun
- Basic Sciences, Schools of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA Radiation Medicine, Schools of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA Neuroscience, University of California in Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA Bioengineering, University of California in Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | - Wessam Labib
- Family Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Hsiao-Fang Liang
- Basic Sciences, Schools of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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199
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Das AK, Pandit R, Maiti S. Effect of amyloids on the vesicular machinery: implications for somatic neurotransmission. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2016; 370:rstb.2014.0187. [PMID: 26009766 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2014.0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain neurodegenerative diseases are thought to be initiated by the aggregation of amyloidogenic proteins. However, the mechanism underlying toxicity remains obscure. Most of the suggested mechanisms are generic in nature and do not directly explain the neuron-type specific lesions observed in many of these diseases. Some recent reports suggest that the toxic aggregates impair the synaptic vesicular machinery. This may lead to an understanding of the neuron-type specificity observed in these diseases. A disruption of the vesicular machinery can also be deleterious for extra-synaptic, especially somatic, neurotransmission (common in serotonergic and dopaminergic systems which are specifically affected in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), respectively), though this relationship has remained unexplored. In this review, we discuss amyloid-induced damage to the neurotransmitter vesicular machinery, with an eye on the possible implications for somatic exocytosis. We argue that the larger size of the system, and the availability of multi-photon microscopy techniques for directly visualizing monoamines, make the somatic exocytosis machinery a more tractable model for understanding the effect of amyloids on all types of vesicular neurotransmission. Indeed, exploring this neglected connection may not just be important, it may be a more fruitful route for understanding AD and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Kant Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - Rucha Pandit
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - Sudipta Maiti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
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200
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Patricio-Martínez A, Mendieta L, Martínez I, Aguilera J, Limón I. The recombinant C-terminal fragment of tetanus toxin protects against cholinotoxicity by intraseptal injection of β-amyloid peptide (25–35) in rats. Neuroscience 2016; 315:18-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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