151
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Plechanovová A, Byun Y, Alquicer G, Škultétyová Ľ, Mlčochová P, Němcová A, Kim HJ, Navrátil M, Mease R, Lubkowski J, Pomper M, Konvalinka J, Rulíšek L, Bařinka C. Novel substrate-based inhibitors of human glutamate carboxypeptidase II with enhanced lipophilicity. J Med Chem 2011; 54:7535-46. [PMID: 21923190 PMCID: PMC3222833 DOI: 10.1021/jm200807m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Virtually all low molecular weight inhibitors of human glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) are highly polar compounds that have limited use in settings where more lipophilic molecules are desired. Here we report the identification and characterization of GCPII inhibitors with enhanced liphophilicity that are derived from a series of newly identified dipeptidic GCPII substrates featuring nonpolar aliphatic side chains at the C-terminus. To analyze the interactions governing the substrate recognition by GCPII, we determined crystal structures of the inactive GCPII(E424A) mutant in complex with selected dipeptides and complemented the structural data with quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations. Results reveal the importance of nonpolar interactions governing GCPII affinity toward novel substrates as well as formerly unnoticed plasticity of the S1' specificity pocket. On the basis of those data, we designed, synthesized, and evaluated a series of novel GCPII inhibitors with enhanced lipophilicity, with the best candidates having low nanomolar inhibition constants and clogD > -0.3. Our findings offer new insights into the design of more lipophilic inhibitors targeting GCPII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Plechanovová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gilead Sciences Research Center at IOCB, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 166 10 Praha 6, Czech Republic,Dept. of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Youngjoo Byun
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21231,College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong-ro, Jochiwon-eup, Yeongi-gun, Chungnam 339-700, South Korea
| | - Glenda Alquicer
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 14200 Praha 4, Czech Republic
| | - Ľubica Škultétyová
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 14200 Praha 4, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Mlčochová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gilead Sciences Research Center at IOCB, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 166 10 Praha 6, Czech Republic,Dept. of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adriana Němcová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gilead Sciences Research Center at IOCB, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 166 10 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Hyung-Joon Kim
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21231
| | - Michal Navrátil
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gilead Sciences Research Center at IOCB, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 166 10 Praha 6, Czech Republic,Dept. of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ronnie Mease
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21231
| | - Jacek Lubkowski
- National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Center for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Martin Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21231
| | - Jan Konvalinka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gilead Sciences Research Center at IOCB, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 166 10 Praha 6, Czech Republic,Dept. of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lubomír Rulíšek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gilead Sciences Research Center at IOCB, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 166 10 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Cyril Bařinka
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 14200 Praha 4, Czech Republic,Address correspondence to: Institute of Biotechnology AS CR, v.v.i., Laboratory of Structural Biology, Videnska 1083, 14200 Praha 4, Czech Republic; phone: +420-296-443-615; fax: +420-296-443-610;
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152
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Chen Y, Pullambhatla M, Foss CA, Byun Y, Nimmagadda S, Senthamizhchelvan S, Sgouros G, Mease RC, Pomper MG. 2-(3-{1-Carboxy-5-[(6-[18F]fluoro-pyridine-3-carbonyl)-amino]-pentyl}-ureido)-pentanedioic acid, [18F]DCFPyL, a PSMA-based PET imaging agent for prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17:7645-53. [PMID: 22042970 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-1357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We have synthesized and evaluated in vivo 2-(3-{1-carboxy-5-[(6-[(18)F]fluoro-pyridine-3-carbonyl)-amino]-pentyl}-ureido)-pentanedioic acid, [(18)F]DCFPyL, as a potential imaging agent for the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). PSMA is upregulated in prostate cancer epithelia and in the neovasculature of most solid tumors. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN [(18)F]DCFPyL was synthesized in two steps from the p-methoxybenzyl (PMB) protected lys-C(O)-glu urea precursor using 6-[(18)F]fluoronicotinic acid tetrafluorophenyl ester ([(18)F]F-Py-TFP) for introduction of (18)F. Radiochemical synthesis was followed by biodistribution and imaging with PET in immunocompromised mice using isogenic PSMA PC3 PIP and PSMA- PC3 flu xenograft models. Human radiation dosimetry estimates were calculated using OLINDA/EXM 1.0. RESULTS DCFPyL displays a K(i) value of 1.1 ± 0.1 nmol/L for PSMA. [(18)F]DCFPyL was produced in radiochemical yields of 36%-53% (decay corrected) and specific radioactivities of 340-480 Ci/mmol (12.6-17.8 GBq/μmol, n = 3). In an immunocompromised mouse model [(18)F]DCFPyL clearly delineated PSMA+ PC3 PIP prostate tumor xenografts on imaging with PET. At 2 hours postinjection, 39.4 ± 5.4 percent injected dose per gram of tissue (%ID/g) was evident within the PSMA+ PC3 PIP tumor, with a ratio of 358:1 of uptake within PSMA+ PC3 PIP to PSMA- PC3 flu tumor placed in the opposite flank. At or after 1 hour postinjection, minimal nontarget tissue uptake of [(18)F]DCFPyL was observed. The bladder wall is the dose-limiting organ. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest [(18)F]DCFPyL as a viable, new positron-emitting imaging agent for PSMA-expressing tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical School, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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153
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Banerjee SR, Pullambhatla M, Byun Y, Nimmagadda S, Foss CA, Green G, Fox JJ, Lupold SE, Mease RC, Pomper MG. Sequential SPECT and optical imaging of experimental models of prostate cancer with a dual modality inhibitor of the prostate-specific membrane antigen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:9167-70. [PMID: 21861274 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201102872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Revised: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, 1550 Orleans Street, 492 CRB II, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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155
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Wilcoxen KM, Hesterman J, Orcutt KD, Hoppin J. Intersectional innovation in biomarker development for patient-centric medicine. Per Med 2011; 8:469-481. [PMID: 29783339 DOI: 10.2217/pme.11.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The pharmaceutical and healthcare industries are being revolutionized by the use of genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, bioinformatics and molecular imaging. Patient friendly diagnosis, treatment and disease management options that utilize the combination of these technologies are currently in development. New innovations in pharmaceutical advancement are taking place at the intersection of these technologies, and will be coupled with societal changes as we move to a fully networked and individual-centric consumer base. Numerous examples of the combinations of molecular characterization technologies aimed at better preclinical and clinical disease understanding, diagnosis and treatment are highlighted that are ideally situated to generate the intersectional innovation that drives healthcare advancement. The true value in patient-centric medicine will only be realized as the improved molecular characterization of disease provided by these technologies is integrated across platforms that operate directly in the patient and care provider space to provide a comprehensive view of health. Molecular profiling and imaging technologies must become fully integrated and amenable for patient and physician use in a networked environment that can provide a personal health avatar approach to medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith M Wilcoxen
- Biomarkers & Personalized Medicine, Eisai Inc., 4 Corporate Drive, Andover MA 01810, USA.
| | - Jacob Hesterman
- InviCRO LLC, 2 Oliver Street, Suite 611, Boston, MA 02109, USA
| | | | - Jack Hoppin
- InviCRO LLC, 2 Oliver Street, Suite 611, Boston, MA 02109, USA
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156
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Abstract
Molecular imaging allows for the remote, noninvasive sensing and measurement of cellular and molecular processes in living subjects. Drawing upon a variety of modalities, molecular imaging provides a window into the biology of cancer from the subcellular level to the patient undergoing a new, experimental therapy. As signal transduction cascades and protein interaction networks become clarified, an increasing number of relevant targets for cancer therapy--and imaging--become available. Although conventional imaging is already critical to the management of patients with cancer, molecular imaging will provide even more relevant information, such as early detection of changes with therapy, identification of patient-specific cellular and metabolic abnormalities, and the disposition of therapeutic, gene-tagged cells throughout the body--all of which will have a considerable impact on morbidity and mortality. This overview discusses molecular imaging in oncology, providing examples from a variety of modalities, with an emphasis on emerging techniques for translational imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J Higgins
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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158
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Ko HY, Choi KJ, Lee CH, Kim S. A multimodal nanoparticle-based cancer imaging probe simultaneously targeting nucleolin, integrin αvβ3 and tenascin-C proteins. Biomaterials 2011; 32:1130-8. [PMID: 21071077 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Molecular imaging of cancers has been characterized based on the sensitivity and selectivity of a single cancer probe targeting a cancer biomarker of a specific cancer cell line. Here, we designed a multimodal nanoparticle-based Simultaneously Multiple Aptamers and RGD Targeting (SMART) cancer probe targeting multiple cancer biomarkers to enhance the specificity and signal sensitivity for various cancers. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the multimodal SMART cancer probe was spheric and well dispersed. Fluorescence, radioisotope, and magnetic resonance analysis demonstrated that the SMART cancer probe simultaneously targeting the nucleolin, integrin α(v)β(3) and Tnc proteins had dramatically enhanced specificity and signal intensity when used to target cancers from C6, NPA, DU145, HeLa and A549 cells when compared with single cancer probes conjugated with AS1411, RGD or TTA1 targeting a single cancer biomarker. The results demonstrated that the SMART cancer probe will be useful for the diagnosis of different cancers as a cancer master probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Young Ko
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Applied Bioscience, CHA Stem Cell Institute, CHA University, 605-21 Yoeksam 1-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-081, Republic of Korea
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160
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Li Y, Ting R, Harwig CW, auf dem Keller U, Bellac CL, Lange PF, Inkster JAH, Schaffer P, Adam MJ, Ruth TJ, Overall CM, Perrin DM. Towards kit-like 18F-labeling of marimastat, a noncovalent inhibitor drug for in vivo PET imaging cancer associated matrix metalloproteases. MEDCHEMCOMM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1md00117e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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161
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Li Z, Conti PS. Radiopharmaceutical chemistry for positron emission tomography. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2010; 62:1031-51. [PMID: 20854860 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2010.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Revised: 09/11/2010] [Accepted: 09/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging is an emerging technology that allows the visualization of interactions between molecular probes and biological targets. Molecules that either direct or are subject to homeostatic controls in biological systems could be labeled with the appropriate radioisotopes for the quantitative measurement of selected molecular interactions during normal tissue homeostasis and again after perturbations of the normal state. In particular, positron emission tomography (PET) offers picomolar sensitivity and is a fully translational technique that requires specific probes radiolabeled with a usually short-lived positron-emitting radionuclide. PET has provided the capability of measuring biological processes at the molecular and metabolic levels in vivo by the detection of the gamma rays formed as a result of the annihilation of the positrons emitted. Despite the great wealth of information that such probes can provide, the potential of PET strongly depends on the availability of suitable PET radiotracers. However, the development of new imaging probes for PET is far from trivial and radiochemistry is a major limiting factor for the field of PET. In this review, we provided an overview of the most common chemical approaches for the synthesis of PET-labeled molecules and highlighted the most recent developments and trends. The discussed PET radionuclides include ¹¹C (t₁(/)₂=20.4min), ¹³N (t₁(/)₂=9.9min), ¹⁵O (t₁(/)₂=2min), ⁶⁸Ga (t₁(/)₂=68min), ¹⁸F (t₁(/)₂=109.8min), ⁶⁴Cu (t₁(/)₂=12.7h), and ¹²⁴I (t₁(/)₂=4.12d).
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