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Douglas LEJ, Reihill JA, Ho MWY, Axten JM, Campobasso N, Schneck JL, Rendina AR, Wilcoxen KM, Martin SL. A highly selective, cell-permeable furin inhibitor BOS-318 rescues key features of cystic fibrosis airway disease. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:947-957.e8. [PMID: 35202587 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In cystic fibrosis (CF), excessive furin activity plays a critical role in the activation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), dysregulation of which contributes to airway dehydration, ineffective mucociliary clearance (MCC), and mucus obstruction. Here, we report a highly selective, cell-permeable furin inhibitor, BOS-318, that derives selectivity by eliciting the formation of a new, unexpected binding pocket independent of the active site catalytic triad. Using human ex vivo models, BOS-318 showed significant suppression of ENaC, which led to enhanced airway hydration and an ∼30-fold increase in MCC rate. Furin inhibition also protected ENaC from subsequent activation by neutrophil elastase, a soluble protease dominant in CF airways. Additional therapeutic benefits include protection against epithelial cell death induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A. Our findings demonstrate the utility of selective furin inhibition as a mutation-agnostic approach that can correct features of CF airway pathophysiology in a manner expected to deliver therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa E J Douglas
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - James A Reihill
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Melisa W Y Ho
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Axten
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Nino Campobasso
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Jessica L Schneck
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Alan R Rendina
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | | | - S Lorraine Martin
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK.
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2
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AlHilli MM, Becker MA, Weroha SJ, Flatten KS, Hurley RM, Harrell MI, Oberg AL, Maurer MJ, Hawthorne KM, Hou X, Harrington SC, McKinstry S, Meng XW, Wilcoxen KM, Kalli KR, Swisher EM, Kaufmann SH, Haluska P. In vivo anti-tumor activity of the PARP inhibitor niraparib in homologous recombination deficient and proficient ovarian carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 2016; 143:379-388. [PMID: 27614696 PMCID: PMC5370566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.08.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have yielded encouraging responses in high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOCs), but the optimal treatment setting remains unknown. We assessed the effect of niraparib on HGSOC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models as well as the relationship between certain markers of homologous recombination (HR) status, including BRCA1/2 mutations and formation of RAD51 foci after DNA damage, and response of these PDXs to niraparib in vivo. METHODS Massively parallel sequencing was performed on HGSOCs to identify mutations contributing to HR deficiency. HR pathway integrity was assessed using fluorescence microscopy-based RAD51 focus formation assays. Effects of niraparib (MK-4827) on treatment-naïve PDX tumor growth as monotherapy, in combination with carboplatin/paclitaxel, and as maintenance therapy were assessed by transabdominal ultrasound. Niraparib responses were correlated with changes in levels of poly(ADP-ribose), PARP1, and repair proteins by western blotting. RESULTS Five PDX models were evaluated in vivo. Tumor regressions were induced by single-agent niraparib in one of two PDX models with deleterious BRCA2 mutations and in a PDX with RAD51C promoter methylation. Diminished formation of RAD51 foci failed to predict response, but Artemis loss was associated with resistance. Niraparib generally failed to enhance responses to carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy, but maintenance niraparib therapy delayed progression in a BRCA2-deficient PDX. CONCLUSIONS Mutations in HR genes are neither necessary nor sufficient to predict response to niraparib. Assessment of repair status through multiple complementary assays is needed to guide PARP inhibitor therapy, design future clinical trials and identify ovarian cancer patients most likely to benefit from PARP inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam M AlHilli
- Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Marc A Becker
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - S John Weroha
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
| | - Karen S Flatten
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Rachel M Hurley
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Maria I Harrell
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Ann L Oberg
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Matt J Maurer
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Kieran M Hawthorne
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Xiaonan Hou
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | - Sarah McKinstry
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - X Wei Meng
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | - Kimberly R Kalli
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Elizabeth M Swisher
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Scott H Kaufmann
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
| | - Paul Haluska
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
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3
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Abstract
The pharmaceutical and healthcare industries are being revolutionized by the use of genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, bioinformatics and molecular imaging. Patient friendly diagnosis, treatment and disease management options that utilize the combination of these technologies are currently in development. New innovations in pharmaceutical advancement are taking place at the intersection of these technologies, and will be coupled with societal changes as we move to a fully networked and individual-centric consumer base. Numerous examples of the combinations of molecular characterization technologies aimed at better preclinical and clinical disease understanding, diagnosis and treatment are highlighted that are ideally situated to generate the intersectional innovation that drives healthcare advancement. The true value in patient-centric medicine will only be realized as the improved molecular characterization of disease provided by these technologies is integrated across platforms that operate directly in the patient and care provider space to provide a comprehensive view of health. Molecular profiling and imaging technologies must become fully integrated and amenable for patient and physician use in a networked environment that can provide a personal health avatar approach to medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith M Wilcoxen
- Biomarkers & Personalized Medicine, Eisai Inc., 4 Corporate Drive, Andover MA 01810, USA.
| | - Jacob Hesterman
- InviCRO LLC, 2 Oliver Street, Suite 611, Boston, MA 02109, USA
| | | | - Jack Hoppin
- InviCRO LLC, 2 Oliver Street, Suite 611, Boston, MA 02109, USA
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4
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5
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Abstract
The RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway has been a major clinical focus in oncology research in recent years. A clearer association of B-RAF mutations to cancers such as melanoma, papillary thyroid cancer and others has brought an increasing interest in chemotherapeutics that target this cellular signaling pathway. In this review, the authors summarize the current understanding of science and therapeutic use of the MEK inhibitors targeting the RAS/RAF/ MEK/ERK pathway. Clinical progresses of PD0325901 and AZD6244 are highlighted in addition to developments of new MEK inhibitors. Recently disclosed MEK inhibitors in two sub-divided classes, ATP noncompetitive and ATP competitive inhibitors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Yuan Wang
- Eisai Research Institute of Boston Inc., 4 Corporate Drive, Andover, MA 01810, USA.
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith M Wilcoxen
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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7
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Leman LJ, Weinberger DA, Huang ZZ, Wilcoxen KM, Ghadiri MR. Functional and mechanistic analyses of biomimetic aminoacyl transfer reactions in de novo designed coiled coil peptides via rational active site engineering. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:2959-66. [PMID: 17302417 PMCID: PMC2453064 DOI: 10.1021/ja068052x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ribosomes and nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) carry out instructed peptide synthesis through a series of directed intermodular aminoacyl transfer reactions. We recently reported the design of coiled-coil assemblies that could functionally mimic the elementary aminoacyl loading and intermodular aminoacyl transfer steps of NRPSs. These peptides were designed initially to accelerate aminoacyl transfer mainly through catalysis by approximation by closely juxtaposing four active site moieties, two each from adjacent noncovalently associated helical modules. In our designs peptide self-assembly positions a cysteine residue that is used to covalently capture substrates from solution via transthiolesterification (substrate loading step to generate the aminoacyl donor site) adjacent to an aminoacyl acceptor site provided by a covalently tethered amino acid or modeled by the epsilon-amine of an active site lysine. However, through systematic functional analyses of 48 rationally designed peptide sequences, we have now determined that the substrate loading and intermodular aminoacyl transfer steps can be significantly influenced (up to approximately 103-fold) by engineering changes in the active site microenvironment through amino acid substitutions and variations in the inter-residue distances and geometry. Mechanistic studies based on 15N NMR and kinetic analysis further indicate that certain active site constellations furnish an unexpectedly large pK(a) depression (1.5 pH units) of the aminoacyl-acceptor moiety, helping to explain the observed high rates of aminoacyl transfer in those constructs. Taken together, our studies demonstrate the feasibility of engineering efficient de novo peptide sequences possessing active sites and functions reminiscent of those in natural enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J Leman
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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8
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Horne WS, Wiethoff CM, Cui C, Wilcoxen KM, Amorin M, Ghadiri MR, Nemerow GR. Antiviral cyclic D,L-alpha-peptides: targeting a general biochemical pathway in virus infections. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:5145-53. [PMID: 15993611 PMCID: PMC1829313 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2005] [Revised: 04/21/2005] [Accepted: 05/10/2005] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Diverse virus families have evolved to exploit the acidification of endosomal compartments to gain entry into cells. We describe a supramolecular approach for selectively targeting and inhibiting viral infections through this central biochemical pathway. Using adenovirus as a model non-enveloped virus, we have determined that an eight-residue cyclic D,L-alpha-peptide, selected from a directed combinatorial library, can specifically prevent the development of low pH in endocytic vesicles, arrest the escape of virions from the endosome, and abrogate adenovirus infection without an apparent adverse effect on cell viability. The likely generality of this approach against other pH-dependent viral infections is supported by the inhibition of type-A influenza virus escape from endosomes in the presence of the same peptide. Our studies suggest that self-assembling cyclic D,L-alpha-peptides hold considerable potential as a new rational supramolecular approach toward the design and discovery of broad-spectrum antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Seth Horne
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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9
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Chen C, Wilcoxen KM, Huang CQ, McCarthy JR, Chen T, Grigoriadis DE. Optimization of 3-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines as potent corticotropin-releasing factor-1 antagonists with adequate lipophilicity and water solubility. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 14:3669-73. [PMID: 15203140 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2004] [Revised: 05/10/2004] [Accepted: 05/11/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In our efforts to identify potent CRF(1) antagonists with proper physicochemical properties, a series of 3-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines bearing polar groups, such as amino, hydroxyl, methoxy, sulfoxide, were designed and synthesized. Several positions of the core structure were identified, where a polar group was tolerated with slight reduction in receptor binding. NBI 30545 (18n) was found to have good binding affinity and potent antagonistic activity at the human CRF(1) receptor. Moreover, this compound had proper lipophilicity (log D = 2.78) and good solubility in water (>10mg/mL), and exhibited good plasma and brain exposure when given orally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc., 10555 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
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10
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Chen C, Wilcoxen KM, Huang CQ, Xie YF, McCarthy JR, Webb TR, Zhu YF, Saunders J, Liu XJ, Chen TK, Bozigian H, Grigoriadis DE. Design of 2,5-dimethyl-3-(6-dimethyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-7-dipropylaminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (NBI 30775/R121919) and structure--activity relationships of a series of potent and orally active corticotropin-releasing factor receptor antagonists. J Med Chem 2004; 47:4787-98. [PMID: 15341493 DOI: 10.1021/jm040058e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that 3-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines exemplified by 8 were potent antagonists of the human corticotropin-releasing factor-1 receptor. A series of 3-pyridylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines 15, 25-30, 34, and 35 containing a weakly basic pyridine ring at the 3-position of the bicyclic nucleus was designed to reduce lipophilicity from the initial leads such as 7. Here, we showed that these 3-pyridyl compounds exhibited potent antagonists at the human CRF(1) receptor. Moreover, the hydrophilic and weakly basic pyridine moiety increased the water solubility of some analogues. Compound 26 h exhibited good binding affinity at the human CRF(1) receptor with a K(i) value of 3.5 nM. As a functional antagonist, it dose-dependently inhibited CRF-stimulated cAMP production in cells expressing the CRF(1) receptor (IC(50) = 50 nM), and CRF-stimulated ACTH release from cultured rat pituitary cells (IC(50) = 20 nM). 26 h had a log P value of 4.9 and water solubility of greater than 10 mg/mL. Pharmacokinetic studies in rats showed that 26 h was orally bioavailable and able to penetrate into the brain. 26 h has been demonstrated in vivo efficacy in animal behavioral models that measure anxiolytic activity. These results suggest that analogues from this series were potent CRF(1) receptor antagonists with proper physicochemical properties and good pharmacokinetic profiles. 26 h was developed into a clinical compound and exhibited efficacy in patients with major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc., 10555 Sciences Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA.
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11
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Huang CQ, Wilcoxen KM, Grigoriadis DE, McCarthy JR, Chen C. Design and synthesis of 3-(2-pyridyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines as potent CRF1 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:3943-7. [PMID: 15225703 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2004] [Accepted: 05/24/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of 3-(2-pyridyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines was designed and synthesized as antagonists for the corticotrophin-releasing factor-1 (CRF(1)) receptor. Several compounds such as 20c (K(i)=10 nM) exhibited good binding affinities at the CRF(1) receptor. In addition, 20c had adequate solubility in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Q Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Pharmacology, Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc., 10555 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92129, USA.
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12
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Abstract
Cyclic peptides have come under scrutiny as potential antimicrobial therapeutic agents. Combinatorial split-and-pool synthesis of cyclic peptides can afford single compound per well libraries for antimicrobial screening, new lead identification, and construction of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR). Here, we report a new sequencing protocol for rapid identification of the members of a cyclic peptide library based on automated computer analysis of mass spectra, obviating the need for library encoding/decoding strategies. Furthermore, the software readily integrates with common spreadsheet and database packages to facilitate data visualization and archiving. The utility of the new MS-sequencing approach is demonstrated using sonic spray ionization ion trap MS and MS/MS spectrometry on a single compound per bead cyclic peptide library and validated with individually synthesized pure cyclic D,L-alpha-peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Redman
- Department of Chemistry, and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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13
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Wilcoxen KM, Zhu YF, Connors PJ, Saunders J, Gross TD, Gao Y, Reinhart GJ, Struthers RS, Chen C. Synthesis and initial structure-activity relationships of a novel series of imidazolo[1,2-a]pyrimid-5-ones as potent GnRH receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2002; 12:2179-83. [PMID: 12127532 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)00370-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SAR studies of 2-arylimidazolo[1,2-a]pyrimid-5-ones 10a-m, which were derived from initial lead 3a, resulted in the discovery of a series of potent nonpeptide human GnRH receptor antagonists. Compounds with good potency (e.g., 10e, K(i)=7.5 nM) were prepared by introduction of a 2-(2-pyridyl)ethyl at the basic nitrogen and a 3-pentyl ester at the 6-position of the bicyclic core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith M Wilcoxen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc., 10555 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
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14
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Gross TD, Zhu YF, Saunders J, Wilcoxen KM, Gao Y, Connors PJ, Guo Z, Struthers RS, Reinhart GJ, Chen C. Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel imidazolo[1,2-a]pyrimid-5-ones as potent GnRH receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2002; 12:2185-7. [PMID: 12127533 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)00371-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SAR studies of lead GnRH receptor antagonists 2a and 2b reported earlier resulted in the discovery of compound 10b which showed much higher potency (K(i)=4.6 nM, compared with 2b, K(i)=230 nM) in which the 7-position of the imidazolo[1,2-a]pyrimidone core was substituted with a methyl group, and the ester at the 6-position was replaced by the 3-methoxyphenyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Gross
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc., 10555 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
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15
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Fernandez-Lopez S, Kim HS, Choi EC, Delgado M, Granja JR, Khasanov A, Kraehenbuehl K, Long G, Weinberger DA, Wilcoxen KM, Ghadiri MR. Erratum: correction: Antibacterial agents based on the cyclic d,l-α-peptide architecture. Nature 2001. [DOI: 10.1038/35104592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Fernandez-Lopez S, Kim HS, Choi EC, Delgado M, Granja JR, Khasanov A, Kraehenbuehl K, Long G, Weinberger DA, Wilcoxen KM, Ghadiri MR. Antibacterial agents based on the cyclic D,L-alpha-peptide architecture. Nature 2001; 412:452-5. [PMID: 11473322 DOI: 10.1038/35086601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 802] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The rapid emergence of bacterial infections that are resistant to many drugs underscores the need for new therapeutic agents. Here we report that six- and eight-residue cyclic d,l-alpha-peptides act preferentially on Gram-positive and/or Gram-negative bacterial membranes compared to mammalian cells, increase membrane permeability, collapse transmembrane ion potentials, and cause rapid cell death. The effectiveness of this class of materials as selective antibacterial agents is highlighted by the high efficacy observed against lethal methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in mice. Cyclic d,l-alpha-peptides are proteolytically stable, easy to synthesize, and can be derived from a potentially vast membrane-active sequence space. The unique abiotic structure of the cyclic peptides and their quick bactericidal action may also contribute to limit temporal acquirement of drug resistant bacteria. The low molecular weight d,l-alpha-peptides offer an attractive complement to the current arsenal of naturally derived antibiotics, and hold considerable potential in combating a variety of existing and emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fernandez-Lopez
- Present address: Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Won K. Seok
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Wuping Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Carla Slebodnick
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Keith M. Wilcoxen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - James A. Ibers
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
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18
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Theodorakis EA, Wilcoxen KM. N-aroyloxy-2-thiopyridones as efficient oxygen-radical generators: novel time-controlled DNA photocleaving reagents. Chem Commun (Camb) 1996. [DOI: 10.1039/cc9960001927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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