151
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Zhao Q, Chu Z, Zhu L, Yang T, Wang P, Liu F, Huang Y, Zhang F, Zhang X, Ding W, Zhao Y. 2-Deoxy-d-Glucose Treatment Decreases Anti-inflammatory M2 Macrophage Polarization in Mice with Tumor and Allergic Airway Inflammation. Front Immunol 2017; 8:637. [PMID: 28620389 PMCID: PMC5451502 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
As important effector cells in inflammation, macrophages can be functionally polarized into either inflammatory M1 or alternatively activated anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype depending on surroundings. The key roles of glycolysis in M1 macrophage polarization have been well defined. However, the relationship between glycolysis and M2 polarized macrophages is still poorly understood. Here, we report that 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG), an inhibitor of the glycolytic pathway, markedly inhibited the expressions of Arg, Ym-1, Fizz1, and CD206 molecules, the hall-markers for M2 macrophages, during macrophages were stimulated with interleukin 4. The impacted M2 macrophage polarization by 2-DG is not due to cell death but caused by the impaired cellular glycolysis. Molecular mechanism studies indicate that the effect of 2-DG on M2 polarized macrophages relies on AMPK-Hif-1α-dependent pathways. Importantly, 2-DG treatment significantly decreases anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage polarization and prevents disease progression in a series of mouse models with chitin administration, tumor, and allergic airway inflammation. Thus, the identification of the master role of glycolysis in M2 macrophage polarization offers potential molecular targets for M2 macrophages-mediated diseases. 2-DG therapy may have beneficial effects in patients with tumors or allergic airway inflammation by its negative regulation on M2 macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhulang Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linnan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Ding
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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152
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Wong TL, Che N, Ma S. Reprogramming of central carbon metabolism in cancer stem cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:1728-1738. [PMID: 28502706 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metabolism has been studied for years and adopted in the clinic for monitoring disease progression and therapy response. Despite our growing knowledge of a distinctly altered metabolic behavior in cancer, drugs targeting cancer metabolism have remained less than promising. Recent efforts in cancer stem cell (CSC) biology suggest that a subpopulation of tumor-initiating cells within the tumor bulk represents the root of tumor recurrence and therapy resistance. In recent years, metabolic phenotype of CSCs of various tumor types has been identified. This breakthrough has shed light on the underlying mechanism by which CSCs maintain stemness, confer resistance to therapies and initiate tumor relapse. The distinct metabolic characteristics of CSCs compared to non-CSCs provide an opportunity to target CSCs more specifically and have become a major focus in cancer research in recent years with substantial efforts conducted towards discovering clinical targets. This perspective article summarizes the current knowledge of CSC metabolism in carcinogenesis and highlights the potential of targeting CSC metabolism for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tin Lok Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Noélia Che
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Stephanie Ma
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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153
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A cytotoxic Petiveria alliacea dry extract induces ATP depletion and decreases β-F1-ATPase expression in breast cancer cells and promotes survival in tumor-bearing mice. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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154
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Morandi A, Taddei ML, Chiarugi P, Giannoni E. Targeting the Metabolic Reprogramming That Controls Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Aggressive Tumors. Front Oncol 2017; 7:40. [PMID: 28352611 PMCID: PMC5348536 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process allows the trans-differentiation of a cell with epithelial features into a cell with mesenchymal characteristics. This process has been reported to be a key priming event for tumor development and therefore EMT activation is now considered an established trait of malignancy. The transcriptional and epigenetic reprogramming that governs EMT has been extensively characterized and reviewed in the last decade. However, increasing evidence demonstrates a correlation between metabolic reprogramming and EMT execution. The aim of the current review is to gather the recent findings that illustrate this correlation to help deciphering whether metabolic changes are causative or just a bystander effect of EMT activation. The review is divided accordingly to the catabolic and anabolic pathways that characterize carbohydrate, aminoacid, and lipid metabolism. Moreover, at the end of each part, we have discussed a series of potential metabolic targets involved in EMT promotion and execution for which drugs are either available or that could be further investigated for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Morandi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Taddei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Paola Chiarugi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education DenoTHE, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisa Giannoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence , Florence , Italy
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155
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Li Y, Atkinson K, Zhang T. Combination of chemotherapy and cancer stem cell targeting agents: Preclinical and clinical studies. Cancer Lett 2017; 396:103-109. [PMID: 28300634 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The cancer stem cell model claims that the initiation, maintenance, and growth of a tumor are driven by a small population of cancer cells termed cancer stem cells. Cancer stem cells possess a variety of phenotypes associated with therapeutic resistance and often cause recurrence of the diseases. Several strategies have been investigated to target cancer stem cells in a variety of cancers, such as blocking one or more self-renewal signaling pathways, reducing the expression of drug efflux and ATP-binding cassette efflux transporters, modulating epigenetic aberrations, and promoting cancer stem cell differentiation. A number of cell and animal studies strongly support the potential benefits of combining chemotherapeutic drugs with cancer stem cell targeting agents. Clinical trials are still underway to address the pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of combination treatment. This mini-review provides an updated discussion of these preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- College of Science and Humanities, Husson University, 1 College Circle, Bangor, ME, 04401, USA.
| | - Katharine Atkinson
- College of Science and Humanities, Husson University, 1 College Circle, Bangor, ME, 04401, USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Husson University, 1 College Circle, Bangor, ME, 04401, USA
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156
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Danhier P, Bański P, Payen VL, Grasso D, Ippolito L, Sonveaux P, Porporato PE. Cancer metabolism in space and time: Beyond the Warburg effect. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2017; 1858:556-572. [PMID: 28167100 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Altered metabolism in cancer cells is pivotal for tumor growth, most notably by providing energy, reducing equivalents and building blocks while several metabolites exert a signaling function promoting tumor growth and progression. A cancer tissue cannot be simply reduced to a bulk of proliferating cells. Tumors are indeed complex and dynamic structures where single cells can heterogeneously perform various biological activities with different metabolic requirements. Because tumors are composed of different types of cells with metabolic activities affected by different spatial and temporal contexts, it is important to address metabolism taking into account cellular and biological heterogeneity. In this review, we describe this heterogeneity also in metabolic fluxes, thus showing the relative contribution of different metabolic activities to tumor progression according to the cellular context. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Mitochondria in Cancer, edited by Giuseppe Gasparre, Rodrigue Rossignol and Pierre Sonveaux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Danhier
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 52 box B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 73 box B1.73.08, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Piotr Bański
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 52 box B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valéry L Payen
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 52 box B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Debora Grasso
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 52 box B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luigi Ippolito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, Florence, Italy
| | - Pierre Sonveaux
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 52 box B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paolo E Porporato
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 52 box B1.53.09, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino Italy.
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157
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Lee SY, Jeong EK, Ju MK, Jeon HM, Kim MY, Kim CH, Park HG, Han SI, Kang HS. Induction of metastasis, cancer stem cell phenotype, and oncogenic metabolism in cancer cells by ionizing radiation. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:10. [PMID: 28137309 PMCID: PMC5282724 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-016-0577-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy is one of the major tools of cancer treatment, and is widely used for a variety of malignant tumours. Radiotherapy causes DNA damage directly by ionization or indirectly via the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby destroying cancer cells. However, ionizing radiation (IR) paradoxically promotes metastasis and invasion of cancer cells by inducing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Metastasis is a major obstacle to successful cancer therapy, and is closely linked to the rates of morbidity and mortality of many cancers. ROS have been shown to play important roles in mediating the biological effects of IR. ROS have been implicated in IR-induced EMT, via activation of several EMT transcription factors—including Snail, HIF-1, ZEB1, and STAT3—that are activated by signalling pathways, including those of TGF-β, Wnt, Hedgehog, Notch, G-CSF, EGFR/PI3K/Akt, and MAPK. Cancer cells that undergo EMT have been shown to acquire stemness and undergo metabolic changes, although these points are debated. IR is known to induce cancer stem cell (CSC) properties, including dedifferentiation and self-renewal, and to promote oncogenic metabolism by activating these EMT-inducing pathways. Much accumulated evidence has shown that metabolic alterations in cancer cells are closely associated with the EMT and CSC phenotypes; specifically, the IR-induced oncogenic metabolism seems to be required for acquisition of the EMT and CSC phenotypes. IR can also elicit various changes in the tumour microenvironment (TME) that may affect invasion and metastasis. EMT, CSC, and oncogenic metabolism are involved in radioresistance; targeting them may improve the efficacy of radiotherapy, preventing tumour recurrence and metastasis. This study focuses on the molecular mechanisms of IR-induced EMT, CSCs, oncogenic metabolism, and alterations in the TME. We discuss how IR-induced EMT/CSC/oncogenic metabolism may promote resistance to radiotherapy; we also review efforts to develop therapeutic approaches to eliminate these IR-induced adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yeon Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Eui Kyong Jeong
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Ju
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Hyun Min Jeon
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Min Young Kim
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (DIRAMS), Pusan, 619-953, Korea
| | - Cho Hee Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Korea.,DNA Identification Center, National Forensic Service, Seoul, 158-707, Korea
| | - Hye Gyeong Park
- Nanobiotechnology Center, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Song Iy Han
- The Division of Natural Medical Sciences, College of Health Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 501-759, Korea
| | - Ho Sung Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Korea.
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158
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Marcucci F, Ghezzi P, Rumio C. The role of autophagy in the cross-talk between epithelial-mesenchymal transitioned tumor cells and cancer stem-like cells. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:3. [PMID: 28137290 PMCID: PMC5282816 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-016-0573-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem-like cells (CSC) are becoming highly relevant targets in anticancer drug discovery. A large body of evidence suggests that epithelial-mesenchymal transitioned tumor cells (EMT tumor cells) and CSCs have similar functions. There is also an overlap regarding the stimuli that can induce the generation of EMT tumor cells and CSCs. Moreover, direct evidence has been brought that EMT can give rise to CSCs. It is unclear however, whether EMT tumor cells should be considered CSCs or if they have to undergo further changes. In this article we summarize available evidence suggesting that, indeed, additional programs must be engaged and we propose that macroautophagy (hereafter, autophagy) represents a key trait distinguishing CSCs from EMT tumor cells. Thus, CSCs have often been reported to be in an autophagic state and blockade of autophagy inhibits CSCs. On the other hand, there is ample evidence showing that EMT and autophagy are distinct events. CSCs, however, represent, by themselves, a heterogeneous population. Thus, CSCs have been distinguished in predominantly non-cycling and cycling CSCs, the latter representing CSCs that self-renew and replenish the pool of differentiated tumor cells. We now suggest that the non-cycling CSC subpopulation is in an autophagic state. We propose also two models to explain the relationship between EMT tumor cells and these two major CSC subpopulations: a branching model in which EMT tumor cells can give rise to cycling or non-cycling CSCs, respectively, and a hierarchical model in which EMT tumor cells are first induced to become autophagic CSCs and, subsequently, cycling CSCs. Finally, we address the therapeutic consequences of these insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Marcucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, University of Milano, via Trentacoste 2, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Pietro Ghezzi
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Trafford Centre, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9RY, UK
| | - Cristiano Rumio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, University of Milano, via Trentacoste 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
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159
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Alptekin A, Ye B, Ding HF. Transcriptional Regulation of Stem Cell and Cancer Stem Cell Metabolism. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2017; 3:19-27. [PMID: 28920013 DOI: 10.1007/s40778-017-0071-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Metabolism is increasingly recognized as a major player in control of stem cell function and fate. How stem cell metabolism is established, maintained, and regulated is a fundamental question of biology and medicine. In this review, we discuss major metabolic programs in stem cells and cancer stem cells, with a focus on key transcription factors that shape the stem cell metabolic phenotype. RECENT FINDINGS Cancer stem cells primarily use oxidative phosphorylation for energy generation, in contrast to normal stem cells, which rely on glycolytic metabolism with the exception of mouse embryonic stem cells. Transcription factors control the metabolic phenotype of stem cells by modulating the expression of enzymes and thus the activity of metabolic pathways. It is evident that HIF1α and PGC1α function as master regulators of glycolytic and mitochondrial metabolism, respectively. SUMMARY Transcriptional regulation is a key mechanism for establishing specific metabolic programs in stem cells and cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Alptekin
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA
| | - Bingwei Ye
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA
| | - Han-Fei Ding
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA.,Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA
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160
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Mitochondrial dynamics as regulators of cancer biology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:1999-2017. [PMID: 28083595 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2451-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that supply energy required to drive key cellular processes, such as survival, proliferation, and migration. Critical to all of these processes are changes in mitochondrial architecture, a mechanical mechanism encompassing both fusion and fragmentation (fission) of the mitochondrial network. Changes to mitochondrial shape, size, and localization occur in a regulated manner to maintain energy and metabolic homeostasis, while deregulation of mitochondrial dynamics is associated with the onset of metabolic dysfunction and disease. In cancers, oncogenic signals that drive excessive proliferation, increase intracellular stress, and limit nutrient supply are all able to alter the bioenergetic and biosynthetic requirements of cancer cells. Consequently, mitochondrial function and shape rapidly adapt to these hostile conditions to support cancer cell proliferation and evade activation of cell death programs. In this review, we will discuss the molecular mechanisms governing mitochondrial dynamics and integrate recent insights into how changes in mitochondrial shape affect cellular migration, differentiation, apoptosis, and opportunities for the development of novel targeted cancer therapies.
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161
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Harrelson JP, Lee MW. Expanding the view of breast cancer metabolism: Promising molecular targets and therapeutic opportunities. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 167:60-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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162
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Zhang L, Xu L, Zhang F, Vlashi E. Doxycycline inhibits the cancer stem cell phenotype and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer. Cell Cycle 2016; 16:737-745. [PMID: 27753527 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1241929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Experimental evidence suggest that breast tumors originate from breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), and that mitochondrial biogenesis is essential for the anchorage-independent clonal expansion and survival of CSCs, thus rendering mitochondria a significant target for novel treatment approaches. One of the recognized side effects of the FDA-approved drug, doxycycline is the inhibition of mitochondrial biogenesis. Here we investigate the mechanism by which doxycycline exerts its inhibitory effects on the properties of breast cancer cells and BCSCs, such as mammosphere forming efficiency, invasion, migration, apoptosis, the expression of stem cell markers and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related markers of breast cancer cells. In addition, we explored whether autophagy plays a role in the inhibitory effect of doxycycline on breast cancer cells. We find that doxycyline can inhibit the viability and proliferation of breast cancer cells and BCSCs, decrease mammosphere forming efficiency, migration and invasion, and EMT of breast cancer cells. Expression of stem cell factors Oct4, Sox2, Nanog and CD44 were also significantly downregulated after doxycycline treatment. Moreover, doxycycline could down-regulate the expression of the autophagy marker LC-3BI and LC-3BII, suggesting that inhibiting autophagy may be responsible in part for the observed effects on proliferation, EMT and stem cell markers. The potent inhibition of EMT and cancer stem-like characteristics in breast cancer cells by doxycycline treatment suggests that this drug can be repurposed as an anti-cancer drug in the treatment of breast cancer patients in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- a Department of Oncology , Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , P.R. China.,b Department of Radiation Oncology , David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Liang Xu
- a Department of Oncology , Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , P.R. China.,c Department of Prevention and Cure Center of Breast Disease , Third Hospital of Nanchang , Nanchang , P.R. China
| | - Fengchun Zhang
- a Department of Oncology , Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Erina Vlashi
- b Department of Radiation Oncology , David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,d Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA , Los Angeles , CA , USA
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163
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Luo
- University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Max S Wicha
- University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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164
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Marín-Hernández Á, Gallardo-Pérez JC, Hernández-Reséndiz I, Del Mazo-Monsalvo I, Robledo-Cadena DX, Moreno-Sánchez R, Rodríguez-Enríquez S. Hypoglycemia Enhances Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Invasiveness, and Restrains the Warburg Phenotype, in Hypoxic HeLa Cell Cultures and Microspheroids. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:1346-1359. [PMID: 27661776 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The accelerated growth of solid tumors leads to episodes of both hypoxia and hypoglycemia (HH) affecting their intermediary metabolism, signal transduction, and transcriptional activity. A previous study showed that normoxia (20% O2 ) plus 24 h hypoglycemia (2.5 mM glucose) increased glycolytic flux whereas oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) was unchanged versus normoglycemia in HeLa cells. However, the simultaneous effect of HH on energy metabolism has not been yet examined. Therefore, the effect of hypoxia (0.1-1% O2 ) plus hypoglycemia on the energy metabolism of HeLa cells was analyzed by evaluating protein content and activity, along with fluxes of both glycolysis and OxPhos. Under hypoxia, in which cell growth ceased and OxPhos enzyme activities, ΔΨm and flux were depressed, hypoglycemia did not stimulate glycolytic flux despite increasing H-RAS, p-AMPK, GLUT1, GLUT3, and HKI levels, and further decreasing mitochondrial enzyme content. The impaired mitochondrial function in HH cells correlated with mitophagy activation. The depressed OxPhos and unchanged glycolysis pattern was also observed in quiescent cells from mature multicellular tumor spheroids, suggesting that these inner cell layers are similarly subjected to HH. The principal ATP supplier was glycolysis for HH 2D monolayer and 3D quiescent spheroid cells. Accordingly, the glycolytic inhibitors iodoacetate and gossypol were more effective than mitochondrial inhibitors in decreasing HH-cancer cell viability. Under HH, stem cell-, angiogenic-, and EMT-biomarkers, as well as glycoprotein-P content and invasiveness, were also enhanced. These observations indicate that HH cancer cells develop an attenuated Warburg and pronounced EMT- and invasive-phenotype. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1346-1359, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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165
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The lipolysis pathway sustains normal and transformed stem cells in adult Drosophila. Nature 2016; 538:109-113. [PMID: 27680705 DOI: 10.1038/nature19788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) may be responsible for tumour dormancy, relapse and the eventual death of most cancer patients. In addition, these cells are usually resistant to cytotoxic conditions. However, very little is known about the biology behind this resistance to therapeutics. Here we investigated stem-cell death in the digestive system of adult Drosophila melanogaster. We found that knockdown of the coat protein complex I (COPI)-Arf79F (also known as Arf1) complex selectively killed normal and transformed stem cells through necrosis, by attenuating the lipolysis pathway, but spared differentiated cells. The dying stem cells were engulfed by neighbouring differentiated cells through a draper-myoblast city-Rac1-basket (also known as JNK)-dependent autophagy pathway. Furthermore, Arf1 inhibitors reduced CSCs in human cancer cell lines. Thus, normal or cancer stem cells may rely primarily on lipid reserves for energy, in such a way that blocking lipolysis starves them to death. This finding may lead to new therapies that could help to eliminate CSCs in human cancers.
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166
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Abstract
The Nobel prized discovery of nuclear reprogramming is swiftly providing mechanistic evidence of a role for metabolism in the generation of cancer stem cells (CSC). Traditionally, the metabolic demands of tumors have been viewed as drivers of the genetic programming detected in cancer tissues. Beyond the energetic requirements of specific cancer cell states, it is increasingly recognized that metabolism per se controls epi-transcriptional networks to dictate cancer cell fate, i.e., metabolism can define CSC. Here I review the CSC-related metabolic features found in induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells to provide an easily understandable framework in which the infrastructure and functioning of cellular metabolism might control the efficiency and kinetics of reprogramming in the re-routing of non-CSC to CSC-like cellular states. I suggest exploring how metabolism-dependent regulation of epigenetics can play a role in directing CSC states beyond conventional energetic demands of stage-specific cancer cell states, opening a new dimension of cancer in which the "physiological state" of CSC might be governed not only by cell-autonomous cues but also by local micro-environmental and systemic metabolo-epigenetic interactions. Forthcoming studies should decipher how specific metabolites integrate and mediate the overlap between the CSC-intrinsic "micro-epigenetics" and the "upstream" local and systemic "macro-epigenetics," thus paving the way for targeted epigenetic regulation of CSCs through metabolic modulation including "smart foods" or systemic "metabolic nichotherapies."
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier A Menendez
- a Metabolism & Cancer Group; Translational Research Laboratory ; Catalan Institute of Oncology ; Girona , Spain.,b Molecular Oncology Group ; Girona Biomedical Research Institute ; Girona , Spain
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167
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Subedi A, Futamura Y, Nishi M, Ryo A, Watanabe N, Osada H. High-throughput screening identifies artesunate as selective inhibitor of cancer stemness: Involvement of mitochondrial metabolism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 477:737-742. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.06.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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168
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Lutz NW, Banerjee P, Wilson BJ, Ma J, Cozzone PJ, Frank MH. Expression of Cell-Surface Marker ABCB5 Causes Characteristic Modifications of Glucose, Amino Acid and Phospholipid Metabolism in the G3361 Melanoma-Initiating Cell Line. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161803. [PMID: 27560924 PMCID: PMC4999280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a pilot study aimed at determining the effects of expression of ATP-binding cassette member B5 (ABCB5), a previously described marker for melanoma-initiating cells, on cellular metabolism. Metabolic profiles for two groups of human G3361 melanoma cells were compared, i.e. wildtype melanoma cells with intact ABCB5 expression (ABCB5-WT) and corresponding melanoma cell variants with inhibited ABCB5 expression, through shRNA-mediated gene knockdown (ABCB5-KD). A comprehensive metabolomic analysis was performed by using proton and phosphorus NMR spectroscopy of cell extracts to examine water-soluble metabolites and lipids. Parametric and non-parametric statistical analysis of absolute and relative metabolite levels yielded significant differences for compounds involved in glucose, amino acid and phospholipid (PL) metabolism. By contrast, energy metabolism was virtually unaffected by ABCB5 expression. The sum of water-soluble metabolites per total protein was 17% higher in ABCB5-WT vs. ABCB5-KD G3361 variants, but no difference was found for the sum of PLs. Enhanced abundance was particularly pronounced for lactate (+ 23%) and alanine (+ 26%), suggesting an increase in glycolysis and potentially glutaminolysis. Increases in PL degradation products, glycerophosphocholine and glycerophosphoethanolamine (+ 85 and 123%, respectively), and redistributions within the PL pool suggested enhanced membrane PL turnover as a consequence of ABCB5 expression. The possibility of glycolysis modulation by an ABCB5-dependent IL1β-mediated mechanism was supported by functional studies employing monoclonal antibody (mAb)-dependent ABCB5 protein inhibition in wildtype G3361 melanoma cells. Our metabolomic results suggest that the underlying biochemical pathways may offer targets for melanoma therapy, potentially in combination with other treatment forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert W Lutz
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7339 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Faculté de Médecine de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Pallavi Banerjee
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Brian J Wilson
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.,Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jie Ma
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Patrick J Cozzone
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7339 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Faculté de Médecine de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.,Singapore Imaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Markus H Frank
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.,Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.,School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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169
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Lian N, Jin H, Zhang F, Wu L, Shao J, Lu Y, Zheng S. Curcumin inhibits aerobic glycolysis in hepatic stellate cells associated with activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase. IUBMB Life 2016; 68:589-96. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.1518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naqi Lian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
| | - Huanhuan Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
| | - Li Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
| | - Jiangjuan Shao
- Departemt of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
| | - Yin Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
| | - Shizhong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
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170
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Margineantu DH, Hockenbery DM. Mitochondrial functions in stem cells. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2016; 38:110-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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171
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Cancer Stem Cells in Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Line H446: Higher Dependency on Oxidative Phosphorylation and Mitochondrial Substrate-Level Phosphorylation than Non-Stem Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154576. [PMID: 27167619 PMCID: PMC4863974 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) metabolism is becoming a promising therapeutic approach to improve cancer treatment outcomes. However, knowledge of the metabolic state of CSCs in small cell lung cancer is still lacking. In this study, we found that CSCs had significantly lower oxygen consumption rate and extracellular acidification rate than non-stem cancer cells. Meanwhile, this subpopulation of cells consumed less glucose, produced less lactate and maintained lower ATP levels. We also revealed that CSCs could produce more ATP through mitochondrial substrate-level phosphorylation during respiratory inhibition compared with non-stem cancer cells. Furthermore, they were more sensitive to suppression of oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, oligomycin (inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation) could severely impair sphere-forming and tumor-initiating abilities of CSCs. Our work suggests that CSCs represent metabolically inactive tumor subpopulations which sustain in a state showing low metabolic activity. However, mitochondrial substrate-level phosphorylation of CSCs may be more active than that of non-stem cancer cells. Moreover, CSCs showed preferential use of oxidative phosphorylation over glycolysis to meet their energy demand. These results extend our understanding of CSCs metabolism, potentially providing novel treatment strategies targeting metabolic pathways in small cell lung cancer.
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172
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Giraud J, Failla LM, Pascussi JM, Lagerqvist EL, Ollier J, Finetti P, Bertucci F, Ya C, Gasmi I, Bourgaux JF, Prudhomme M, Mazard T, Ait-Arsa I, Houhou L, Birnbaum D, Pélegrin A, Vincent C, Ryall JG, Joubert D, Pannequin J, Hollande F. Autocrine Secretion of Progastrin Promotes the Survival and Self-Renewal of Colon Cancer Stem–like Cells. Cancer Res 2016; 76:3618-28. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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173
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Glioma Stemlike Cells Enhance the Killing of Glioma Differentiated Cells by Cytotoxic Lymphocytes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153433. [PMID: 27073883 PMCID: PMC4830556 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme, the most aggressive primary brain tumor, is maintained by a subpopulation of glioma cells with self-renewal properties that are able to recapitulate the entire tumor even after surgical resection or chemo-radiotherapy. This typifies the vast heterogeneity of this tumor with the two extremes represented on one end by the glioma stemlike cells (GSC) and on the other by the glioma differentiated cells (GDC). Interestingly, GSC are more sensitive to immune effector cells than the GDC counterpart. However, how GSC impact on the killing on the GDC and vice versa is not clear. Using a newly developed cytotoxicity assay allowing to simultaneously monitor cytotoxic lymphocytes-mediated killing of GSC and GDC, we found that although GSC were always better killed and that their presence enhanced the killing of GDC. In contrast, an excess of GDC had a mild protective effect on the killing of GSC, depending on the CTL type. Overall, our results suggest that during combination therapy, immunotherapy would be the most effective after prior treatment with conventional therapies.
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174
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Del Boccio P, Rossi C, di Ioia M, Cicalini I, Sacchetta P, Pieragostino D. Integration of metabolomics and proteomics in multiple sclerosis: From biomarkers discovery to personalized medicine. Proteomics Clin Appl 2016; 10:470-84. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Piero Del Boccio
- Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti- Pescara; Chieti Italy
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Research Centre on Aging (Ce.S.I); University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti Italy
| | - Claudia Rossi
- Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti- Pescara; Chieti Italy
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Research Centre on Aging (Ce.S.I); University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti Italy
| | - Maria di Ioia
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Research Centre on Aging (Ce.S.I); University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti Italy
- Department of Neurosciences and Imaging; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti Italy
| | - Ilaria Cicalini
- Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti- Pescara; Chieti Italy
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Research Centre on Aging (Ce.S.I); University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti Italy
| | - Paolo Sacchetta
- Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti- Pescara; Chieti Italy
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Research Centre on Aging (Ce.S.I); University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti Italy
| | - Damiana Pieragostino
- Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti- Pescara; Chieti Italy
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Research Centre on Aging (Ce.S.I); University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti Italy
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175
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Abstract
Chemoresistant metastatic relapse of minimal residual disease plays a significant role for poor prognosis of cancer. Growing evidence supports a critical role of cancer stem cell (CSC) behind the mechanisms for this deadly disease. This review briefly introduces the basics of the conventional chemotherapies, updates the CSC theories, highlights the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which CSC smartly designs and utilizes multiple lines of self-defense to avoid being killed by chemotherapy, and concisely summarizes recent progress in studies on CSC-targeted therapies in the end, with the hope to help guide future research toward developing more effective therapeutic strategies to eradicate tumor cells in the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihe Zhao
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, 6900 Lake Nona Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32827, USA.
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176
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Affinity purification-mass spectrometry analysis of bcl-2 interactome identified SLIRP as a novel interacting protein. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2090. [PMID: 26866271 PMCID: PMC4849145 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Members of the bcl-2 protein family share regions of sequence similarity, the bcl-2 homology (BH) domains. Bcl-2, the most studied member of this family, has four BH domains, BH1–4, and has a critical role in resistance to antineoplastic drugs by regulating the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Moreover, it is also involved in other relevant cellular processes such as tumor progression, angiogenesis and autophagy. Deciphering the network of bcl-2-interacting factors should provide a critical advance in understanding the different functions of bcl-2. Here, we characterized bcl-2 interactome by mass spectrometry in human lung adenocarcinoma cells. In silico functional analysis associated most part of the identified proteins to mitochondrial functions. Among them we identified SRA stem–loop interacting RNA-binding protein, SLIRP, a mitochondrial protein with a relevant role in regulating mitochondrial messenger RNA (mRNA) homeostasis. We validated bcl-2/SLIRP interaction by immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence experiments in cancer cell lines from different histotypes. We showed that, although SLIRP is not involved in mediating bcl-2 ability to protect from apoptosis and oxidative damage, bcl-2 binds and stabilizes SLIRP protein and regulates mitochondrial mRNA levels. Moreover, we demonstrated that the BH4 domain of bcl-2 has a role in maintaining this binding.
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177
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Lin S, Xu Y, Gan Z, Han K, Hu H, Yao Y, Huang M, Min D. Monitoring cancer stem cells: insights into clinical oncology. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:731-40. [PMID: 26929644 PMCID: PMC4755432 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s96645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small, characteristically distinctive subset of tumor cells responsible for tumor initiation and progression. Several treatment modalities, such as surgery, glycolytic inhibition, driving CSC proliferation, immunotherapy, and hypofractionated radiotherapy, may have the potential to eradicate CSCs. We propose that monitoring CSCs is important in clinical oncology as CSC populations may reflect true treatment response and assist with managing treatment strategies, such as defining optimal chemotherapy cycles, permitting pretreatment cancer surveillance, conducting a comprehensive treatment plan, modifying radiation treatment, and deploying rechallenge chemotherapy. Then, we describe methods for monitoring CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShuChen Lin
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, People's Republic of China
| | - YingChun Xu
- Department of Oncology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, People's Republic of China
| | - ZhiHua Gan
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Han
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, People's Republic of China
| | - HaiYan Hu
- Department of Oncology, The Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yao
- Department of Oncology, The Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, People's Republic of China
| | - MingZhu Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - DaLiu Min
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, People's Republic of China
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178
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Aguilar E, Marin de Mas I, Zodda E, Marin S, Morrish F, Selivanov V, Meca-Cortés Ó, Delowar H, Pons M, Izquierdo I, Celià-Terrassa T, de Atauri P, Centelles JJ, Hockenbery D, Thomson TM, Cascante M. Metabolic Reprogramming and Dependencies Associated with Epithelial Cancer Stem Cells Independent of the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Program. Stem Cells 2016; 34:1163-76. [PMID: 27146024 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In solid tumors, cancer stem cells (CSCs) can arise independently of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In spite of recent efforts, the metabolic reprogramming associated with CSC phenotypes uncoupled from EMT is poorly understood. Here, by using metabolomic and fluxomic approaches, we identify major metabolic profiles that differentiate metastatic prostate epithelial CSCs (e-CSCs) from non-CSCs expressing a stable EMT. We have found that the e-CSC program in our cellular model is characterized by a high plasticity in energy substrate metabolism, including an enhanced Warburg effect, a greater carbon and energy source flexibility driven by fatty acids and amino acid metabolism and an essential reliance on the proton buffering capacity conferred by glutamine metabolism. An analysis of transcriptomic data yielded a metabolic gene signature for our e-CSCs consistent with the metabolomics and fluxomics analyses that correlated with tumor progression and metastasis in prostate cancer and in 11 additional cancer types. Interestingly, an integrated metabolomics, fluxomics, and transcriptomics analysis allowed us to identify key metabolic players regulated at the post-transcriptional level, suggesting potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets to effectively forestall metastasis. Stem Cells 2016;34:1163-1176.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Igor Marin de Mas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Erika Zodda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Molecular Biology Institute, National Research Council (IBMB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Marin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Vitaly Selivanov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Óscar Meca-Cortés
- Department of Cell Biology, Molecular Biology Institute, National Research Council (IBMB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hossain Delowar
- Department of Cell Biology, Molecular Biology Institute, National Research Council (IBMB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Pons
- Department of Cell Biology, Molecular Biology Institute, National Research Council (IBMB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inés Izquierdo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toni Celià-Terrassa
- Department of Cell Biology, Molecular Biology Institute, National Research Council (IBMB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro de Atauri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep J Centelles
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Hockenbery
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Timothy M Thomson
- Department of Cell Biology, Molecular Biology Institute, National Research Council (IBMB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Cascante
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona, Spain
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179
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Liu J, Chen X, Ward T, Pegram M, Shen K. Combined niclosamide with cisplatin inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor growth in cisplatin-resistant triple-negative breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:9825-35. [PMID: 26810188 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4650-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Women with triple-negative breast cancer have worse prognosis compared to other breast cancer subtypes. Acquired drug resistance remains to be an important reason influencing triple-negative breast cancer treatment efficacy. A prevailing theory postulates that the cancer resistance and recurrence results from a subpopulation of tumor cells with stemness program, which are often insensitive to cytotoxic drugs such as cisplatin. Recent studies suggested that niclosamide, an anti-helminthic drug, has potential therapeutic activities against breast cancer stem cells, which prompts us to determine its roles on eliminating cisplatin-resistant cancer cells. Hence, we established a stable cisplatin-resistant MDA-MB-231 cell line (231-CR) through continuously exposure to increasing concentrations of cisplatin (5-20 μmol/l). Interestingly, 231-CR exhibited properties associated to epithelial-mesenchymal transition with enhanced invasion, preserved proliferation, increased mammosphere formation, and reduced apoptosis compared to naive MDA-MB-231 sensitive cells (231-CS). Importantly, niclosamide or combination with cisplatin inhibited both 231-CS and 231-CR cell proliferation in vitro. In addition, niclosamide reversed the EMT phenotype of 231-CR by downregulation of snail and vimentin. Mechanistically, niclosamide treatment in combination with or without cisplatin significantly inhibited Akt, ERK, and Src signaling pathways. In vivo study showed that niclosamide or combination with cisplatin could repress the growth of xenografts originated from either 231-CS or 231-CR cells, with prominent suppression of Ki67 expression. These findings suggested that niclosamide might serve as a novel therapeutic strategy, either alone or in combination with cisplatin, for triple-negative breast cancer treatment, especially those resistant to cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Liu
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong Univerisity School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaosong Chen
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong Univerisity School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Toby Ward
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive West, Suite G2021, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mark Pegram
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive West, Suite G2021, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Kunwei Shen
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong Univerisity School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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180
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Abstract
The study of tumor metabolism has resulted in new understandings of how cancer cells modify metabolic pathways that control cellular energetics to allow increased proliferation and survival. Tumor cells have been shown to alter metabolic pathways involved in glucose, glutamine, and mitochondrial metabolism to generate raw materials needed for rapid cellular proliferation, maintain favorable cellular redox environments, modify cellular epigenetics, and even promote and maintain oncogenic transformation. As a consequence, there has been intense scientific and clinical interest in targeting metabolic alterations that are commonly adopted by tumor cells for therapeutic purposes. In this review, we describe common metabolic alterations seen in tumor cells and discuss how these alterations are being investigated as potential targets for pharmacological intervention in preclinical and clinical settings. We also discuss some of the challenges associated with using tumor metabolism as a therapeutic target in cancer therapy, along with potential avenues to overcome these challenges.
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181
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Liu J, Chen X, Ward T, Mao Y, Bockhorn J, Liu X, Wang G, Pegram M, Shen K. Niclosamide inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor growth in lapatinib-resistant human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 71:12-23. [PMID: 26643609 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Acquired resistance to lapatinib, a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 kinase inhibitor, remains a clinical problem for women with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive advanced breast cancer, as metastasis is commonly observed in these patients. Niclosamide, an anti-helminthic agent, has recently been shown to exhibit cytotoxicity to tumor cells with stem-like characteristics. This study was designed to identify the mechanisms underlying lapatinib resistance and to determine whether niclosamide inhibits lapatinib resistance by reversing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Here, two human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer cell lines, SKBR3 and BT474, were exposed to increasing concentrations of lapatinib to establish lapatinib-resistant cultures. Lapatinib-resistant SKBR3 and BT474 cells exhibited up-regulation of the phenotypic epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers Snail, vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin, accompanied by activation of nuclear factor-кB and Src and a concomitant increase in stem cell marker expression (CD44(high)/CD24(low)), compared to naive lapatinib-sensitive SKBR3 and BT474 cells, respectively. Interestingly, niclosamide reversed epithelial-mesenchymal transition, induced apoptosis and inhibited cell growth by perturbing aberrant signaling pathway activation in lapatinib-resistant human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive cells. The ability of niclosamide to alleviate stem-like phenotype development and invasion was confirmed. Collectively, our results demonstrate that lapatinib resistance correlates with epithelial-mesenchymal transition and that niclosamide inhibits lapatinib-resistant cell viability and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. These findings suggest a role of niclosamide or derivatives optimized for more favorable bioavailability not only in reversing lapatinib resistance but also in reducing metastatic potential during the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Liu
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong Univerisity School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xiaosong Chen
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong Univerisity School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Toby Ward
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yan Mao
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong Univerisity School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jessica Bockhorn
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gen Wang
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong Univerisity School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mark Pegram
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Kunwei Shen
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong Univerisity School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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182
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Su AM, Styczynski MP. Manipulation of metabolism in complex eukaryotic systems to control cellular state. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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183
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Lactate dehydrogenase-A inhibition induces human glioblastoma multiforme stem cell differentiation and death. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15556. [PMID: 26494310 PMCID: PMC4616042 DOI: 10.1038/srep15556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapies that target the signal transduction and metabolic pathways of cancer stem cells (CSCs) are innovative strategies to effectively reduce the recurrence and significantly improve the outcome of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). CSCs exhibit an increased rate of glycolysis, thus rendering them intrinsically more sensitive to prospective therapeutic strategies based on the inhibition of the glycolytic pathway. The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDH-A), which catalyses the interconversion of pyruvate and lactate, is up-regulated in human cancers, including GBM. Although several papers have explored the benefits of targeting cancer metabolism in GBM, the effects of direct LDH-A inhibition in glial tumours have not yet been investigated, particularly in the stem cell subpopulation. Here, two representative LDH-A inhibitors (NHI-1 and NHI-2) were studied in GBM-derived CSCs and compared to differentiated tumour cells. LDH-A inhibition was particularly effective in CSCs isolated from different GBM cell lines, where the two compounds blocked CSC formation and elicited long-lasting effects by triggering both apoptosis and cellular differentiation. These data demonstrate that GBM, particularly the stem cell subpopulation, is sensitive to glycolytic inhibition and shed light on the therapeutic potential of LDH-A inhibitors in this tumour type.
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184
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Dando I, Dalla Pozza E, Biondani G, Cordani M, Palmieri M, Donadelli M. The metabolic landscape of cancer stem cells. IUBMB Life 2015; 67:687-93. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.1426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Dando
- Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences; Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona; Verona Italy
| | - Elisa Dalla Pozza
- Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences; Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona; Verona Italy
| | - Giulia Biondani
- Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences; Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona; Verona Italy
| | - Marco Cordani
- Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences; Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona; Verona Italy
| | - Marta Palmieri
- Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences; Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona; Verona Italy
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences; Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona; Verona Italy
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185
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Abstract
Metabolic processes are altered in cancer cells, which obtain advantages from this metabolic reprogramming in terms of energy production and synthesis of biomolecules that sustain their uncontrolled proliferation. Due to the conceptual progresses in the last decade, metabolic reprogramming was recently included as one of the new hallmarks of cancer. The advent of high-throughput technologies to amass an abundance of omic data, together with the development of new computational methods that allow the integration and analysis of omic data by using genome-scale reconstructions of human metabolism, have increased and accelerated the discovery and development of anticancer drugs and tumor-specific metabolic biomarkers. Here we review and discuss the latest advances in the context of metabolic reprogramming and the future in cancer research.
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186
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Epithelial–mesenchymal transition induces similar metabolic alterations in two independent breast cancer cell lines. Cancer Lett 2015; 364:44-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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187
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Kaushik N, Lee SJ, Choi TG, Baik KY, Uhm HS, Kim CH, Kaushik NK, Choi EH. Non-thermal plasma with 2-deoxy-D-glucose synergistically induces cell death by targeting glycolysis in blood cancer cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8726. [PMID: 25735798 PMCID: PMC5390089 DOI: 10.1038/srep08726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we show the selective and efficient anti-cancer effects of plasma (at a low dose) when cell metabolic modifiers are also included. 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), a glycolytic inhibitor, was used with effective doses of non-thermal plasma, synergistically attenuating cell metabolic viability and inducing caspase-dependent and independent cell death. The combination treatment decreased the intracellular ATP and lactate production in various types of blood cancer cells in vitro. Taken together, our findings suggest that 2-DG enhances the efficacy and selectivity of plasma and induces the synergistic inhibition of cancer cell growth by targeting glycolysis and apoptosis. Specifically, this treatment strategy demonstrated an enhanced growth inhibitory effect of plasma in the presence of a metabolic modifier that was selective against cancer cells, not non-malignant cells. This is the first study to report the advantage of combining plasma with 2-DG to eradicate blood cancer cells. Finally, we conclude that 2-DG with non-thermal plasma may be used as a combination treatment against blood cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Kaushik
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Korea
| | - Su Jae Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry, Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
| | - Tae Gyu Choi
- School of medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyunghee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Ku Youn Baik
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Korea
| | - Han Sup Uhm
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Korea
| | - Chung Hyeok Kim
- Institute of Information Technology, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Korea
| | | | - Eun Ha Choi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Korea
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188
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OVCAR-3 spheroid-derived cells display distinct metabolic profiles. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118262. [PMID: 25688563 PMCID: PMC4331360 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recently, multicellular spheroids were isolated from a well-established epithelial ovarian cancer cell line, OVCAR-3, and were propagated in vitro. These spheroid-derived cells displayed numerous hallmarks of cancer stem cells, which are chemo- and radioresistant cells thought to be a significant cause of cancer recurrence and resultant mortality. Gene set enrichment analysis of expression data from the OVCAR-3 cells and the spheroid-derived putative cancer stem cells identified several metabolic pathways enriched in differentially expressed genes. Before this, there had been little previous knowledge or investigation of systems-scale metabolic differences between cancer cells and cancer stem cells, and no knowledge of such differences in ovarian cancer stem cells. Methods To determine if there were substantial metabolic changes corresponding with these transcriptional differences, we used two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry to measure the metabolite profiles of the two cell lines. Results These two cell lines exhibited significant metabolic differences in both intracellular and extracellular metabolite measurements. Principal components analysis, an unsupervised dimensional reduction technique, showed complete separation between the two cell types based on their metabolite profiles. Pathway analysis of intracellular metabolomics data revealed close overlap with metabolic pathways identified from gene expression data, with four out of six pathways found enriched in gene-level analysis also enriched in metabolite-level analysis. Some of those pathways contained multiple metabolites that were individually statistically significantly different between the two cell lines, with one of the most broadly and consistently different pathways, arginine and proline metabolism, suggesting an interesting hypothesis about cancerous and stem-like metabolic phenotypes in this pair of cell lines. Conclusions Overall, we demonstrate for the first time that metabolism in an ovarian cancer stem cell line is distinct from that of more differentiated isogenic cancer cells, supporting the potential importance of metabolism in the differences between cancer cells and cancer stem cells.
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189
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Jang H, Yang J, Lee E, Cheong JH. Metabolism in embryonic and cancer stemness. Arch Pharm Res 2015; 38:381-8. [PMID: 25598509 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-015-0558-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cells constantly adjust their metabolic state in response to extracellular signals and nutrient availability to meet their demand for energy and building blocks. Recently, there has been significant research into the metabolic aspects of embryonic stem cells/pluripotent stem cells (ESCs/PSCs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs), which has revealed the unique metabolic status of different stem cell lineages. While ESCs and CSCs were largely thought to harbor similar metabolic states, recent evidence demonstrates that their metabolic dependency is distinctly different. The glucose metabolism of ESCs largely depends on glycolysis, including a one-carbon pathway during differentiation. While proliferating cancer cells share the glycolytic phenotype of ESCs, the mitochondria-centric oxidative phosphorylation constitutes an important metabolic circuit of CSCs under metabolic stress, indicating the dynamic nature of metabolic plasticity. In this review, we catalogued metabolic signatures of cellular "stemness" to provide insights into the therapeutic potential of ESCs and CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyonchol Jang
- Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 410-769, Republic of Korea,
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190
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Ciregia F, Giusti L, Ronci M, Bugliani M, Piga I, Pieroni L, Rossi C, Marchetti P, Urbani A, Lucacchini A. Glucagon-like peptide 1 protects INS-1E mitochondria against palmitate-mediated beta-cell dysfunction: a proteomic study. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2015; 11:1696-707. [DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00022j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Proteomic analysis of the protein expression profiles of enriched mitochondrial preparations of rat INS-1E β cells treated with palmitate in the presence and in the absence of GLP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ciregia
- Department of Pharmacy
- University of Pisa
- Pisa
- Italy
- Santa Lucia IRCCS Foundation
| | - Laura Giusti
- Department of Pharmacy
- University of Pisa
- Pisa
- Italy
| | - Maurizio Ronci
- Santa Lucia IRCCS Foundation
- Rome
- Italy
- Department of Medical
- Oral and Biotechnological Sciences
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- SOD Endocrinology and metabolism of organ and cell transplants-University of Pisa
- Pisa
- Italy
| | | | | | - Claudia Rossi
- Department of Medical
- Oral and Biotechnological Sciences
- University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara
- Chieti
- Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- SOD Endocrinology and metabolism of organ and cell transplants-University of Pisa
- Pisa
- Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Santa Lucia IRCCS Foundation
- Rome
- Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”
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191
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Omar HA, Tolba MF, Saber-Ayad MM. Potential targets of energy restriction mimetic agents in cancer cells. Future Oncol 2014; 10:2547-50. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.14.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hany A Omar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Mai F Tolba
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biology Department, School of Science & Engineering, American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha M Saber-Ayad
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr Al Ainy, Egypt
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192
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Menendez JA, Alarcón T. Metabostemness: a new cancer hallmark. Front Oncol 2014; 4:262. [PMID: 25325014 PMCID: PMC4179679 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of and departure from stemness in cancer tissues might not only be hardwired by genetic controllers, but also by the pivotal regulatory role of the cellular metabotype, which may act as a "starter dough" for cancer stemness traits. We have coined the term metabostemness to refer to the metabolic parameters causally controlling or functionally substituting the epitranscriptional orchestration of the genetic reprograming that redirects normal and tumor cells toward less-differentiated cancer stem cell (CSC) cellular states. Certain metabotypic alterations might operate as pivotal molecular events rendering a cell of origin susceptible to epigenetic rewiring required for the acquisition of aberrant stemness and, concurrently, of refractoriness to differentiation. The metabostemness attribute can remove, diminish, or modify the nature of molecular barriers present in Waddington's epigenetic landscapes, thus allowing differentiated cells to more easily (re)-enter into CSC cellular macrostates. Activation of the metabostemness trait can poise cells with chromatin states competent for rapid dedifferentiation while concomitantly setting the idoneous metabolic stage for later reprograming stimuli to finish the journey from non-cancerous into tumor-initiating cells. Because only a few permitted metabotypes will be compatible with the operational properties owned by CSC cellular states, the metabostemness property provides a new framework through which to pharmacologically resolve the apparently impossible problem of discovering drugs aimed to target the molecular biology of the cancer stemness itself. The metabostemness cancer hallmark generates a shifting oncology theory that should guide a new era of metabolo-epigenetic cancer precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier A Menendez
- Metabolism and Cancer Group, Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology-Girona (ICO-Girona) , Girona , Spain ; Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI) , Girona , Spain
| | - Tomás Alarcón
- Computational and Mathematical Biology Research Group, Centre de Recerca Matemàtica (CRM) , Barcelona , Spain
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193
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Granchi C, Fancelli D, Minutolo F. An update on therapeutic opportunities offered by cancer glycolytic metabolism. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4915-25. [PMID: 25288186 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Almost all invasive cancers, regardless of tissue origin, are characterized by specific modifications of their cellular energy metabolism. In fact, a strong predominance of aerobic glycolysis over oxidative phosphorylation (Warburg effect) is usually associated with aggressive tumour phenotypes. This metabolic shift offers a survival advantage to cancer cells, since they may continue to produce energy and anabolites even when they are exposed to either transient or permanent hypoxic conditions. Moreover, it ensures a high production rate of glycolysis intermediates, useful as building blocks for fast cell proliferation of cancer cells. This peculiar metabolic profile may constitute an ideal target for therapeutic interventions that selectively hit cancer cells with minimal residual systemic toxicity. In this review we provide an update about some of the most recent advances in the discovery of new bioactive molecules that are able to interfere with cancer glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Granchi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniele Fancelli
- Drug Discovery Program, Experimental Oncology Department, European Institute of Oncology IEO, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Minutolo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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194
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Wellberg EA, Anderson SM. FASNating targets of metformin in breast cancer stem-like cells. Discov Oncol 2014; 5:358-62. [PMID: 25172609 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-014-0198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Wellberg
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Mail Stop 8104, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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195
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Ciavardelli D, Bellomo M, Crescimanno C, Vella V. Type 3 deiodinase: role in cancer growth, stemness, and metabolism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2014; 5:215. [PMID: 25566187 PMCID: PMC4269192 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Deiodinases are selenoenzymes that catalyze thyroid hormones (THs) activation (type 1 and type 2, D1 and D2, respectively) or inactivation (type 3, D3). THs are essential for proper body development and cellular differentiation. Their intra- and extra-cellular concentrations are tightly regulated by deiodinases with a pre-receptorial control thus generating active or inactive form of THs. Changes in deiodinases expression are anatomically and temporally regulated and influence the downstream TH signaling. D3 overexpression is a feature of proliferative tissues such as embryo or cancer tissues. The enhanced TH degradation by D3 induces a local hypothyroidism, thus inhibiting THs transcriptional activity. Of note, overexpression of D3 is a feature of several highly proliferative cancers. In this paper, we review recent advances in the role of D3 in cancer growth, stemness, and metabolic phenotype. In particular, we focus on the main signaling pathways that result in the overexpression of D3 in cancer cells and are known to be relevant to cancer development, progression, and recurrence. We also discuss the potential role of D3 in cancer stem cells metabolic phenotype, an emerging topic in cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ciavardelli
- School of Human and Social Science, University “Kore” of Enna, Enna, Italy
- Center of Excellence on Aging (CeS.I.), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Bellomo
- School of Human and Social Science, University “Kore” of Enna, Enna, Italy
| | | | - Veronica Vella
- School of Human and Social Science, University “Kore” of Enna, Enna, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Bio-Medicine, Endocrinology Unit, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
- *Correspondence: Veronica Vella, School of Human and Social Sciences, University “Kore” of Enna, via delle Olimpiadi, Enna 94100, Italy e-mail:
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196
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Chae YC, Kim JH. Insulin response to glucose and glucose tolerance following feeding in sheep. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984; 51:319-326. [PMID: 29764565 PMCID: PMC6089865 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2018.51.7.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that cancer stem cell (CSC) theory represents an important mechanism underlying the observed failure of existing therapeutic modalities to fully eradicate cancers. In addition to their more established role in maintaining minimal residual disease after treatment and forming the new bulk of the tumor, CSCs might also critically contribute to tumor recurrence and metastasis. For this reason, specific elimination of CSCs may thus represent one of the most important treatment strategies. Emerging evidence has shown that CSCs have a different metabolic phenotype to that of differentiated bulk tumor cells, and these specific metabolic activities directly participate in the process of CSC transformation or support the biological processes that enable tumor progression. Exploring the role of CSC metabolism and the mechanism of the metabolic plasticity of CSCs has become a major focus in current cancer research. The targeting of CSC metabolism may provide new effective therapies to reduce the risk of recurrence and metastasis. In this review, we summarize the most significant discoveries regarding the metabolism of CSCs and highlight recent approaches in targeting CSC metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Chan Chae
- School of Life Science, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919,
Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50621,
Korea
- Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50621,
Korea
- Corresponding author. Tel: +82-51-510-8073; Fax: +82-51-510-8076; E-mail:
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197
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Anti-spasmogenic effect of cyproheptadine on guinea-pig ileum. Cancers (Basel) 1984; 11:cancers11070965. [PMID: 31324052 PMCID: PMC6678244 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive form of breast cancer that lacks targeted therapy options, and patients diagnosed with TNBC have poorer outcomes than patients with other breast cancer subtypes. Emerging evidence suggests that breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), which have tumor-initiating potential and possess self-renewal capacity, may be responsible for this poor outcome by promoting therapy resistance, metastasis, and recurrence. TNBC cells have been consistently reported to display cancer stem cell (CSC) signatures at functional, molecular, and transcriptional levels. In recent decades, CSC-targeting strategies have shown therapeutic effects on TNBC in multiple preclinical studies, and some of these strategies are currently being evaluated in clinical trials. Therefore, understanding CSC biology in TNBC has the potential to guide the discovery of novel therapeutic agents in the future. In this review, we focus on the self-renewal signaling pathways (SRSPs) that are aberrantly activated in TNBC cells and discuss the specific signaling components that are involved in the tumor-initiating potential of TNBC cells. Additionally, we describe the molecular mechanisms shared by both TNBC cells and CSCs, including metabolic plasticity, which enables TNBC cells to switch between metabolic pathways according to substrate availability to meet the energetic and biosynthetic demands for rapid growth and survival under harsh conditions. We highlight CSCs as potential key regulators driving the aggressiveness of TNBC. Thus, the manipulation of CSCs in TNBC can be a targeted therapeutic strategy for TNBC in the future.
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198
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Gao R, Li D, Xun J, Zhou W, Li J, Wang J, Liu C, Li X, Shen W, Qiao H, Stupack DG, Luo N. CD44ICD promotes breast cancer stemness via PFKFB4-mediated glucose metabolism. Endocrinology 1983; 8:6248-6262. [PMID: 30613295 PMCID: PMC6299690 DOI: 10.7150/thno.28721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
CD44 is a single-pass cell surface glycoprotein that is distinguished as the first molecule used to identify cancer stem cells in solid tumors based on its expression. In this regard, the CD44high cell population demonstrates not only the ability to regenerate a heterogeneous tumor, but also the ability to self-regenerate when transplanted into immune-deficient mice. However, the exact role of CD44 in cancer stem cells remains unclear in part because CD44 exists in various isoforms due to alternative splicing. Methods: Gain- and loss-of-function methods in different models were used to investigate the effects of CD44 on breast cancer stemness. Cancer stemness was analyzed by detecting SOX2, OCT4 and NANOG expression, ALDH activity, side population (SP) and sphere formation. Glucose consumption, lactate secretion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were detected to assess glycolysis. Western blot, immunohistochemical staining, ELISA and TCGA dataset analysis were performed to determine the association of CD44ICD and PFKFB4 with clinical cases. A PFKFB4 inhibitor, 5MPN, was used in a xenograft model to inhibit breast cancer development. Results: In this report, we found that the shortest CD44 isoform (CD44s) inhibits breast cancer stemness, whereas the cleaved product of CD44 (CD44ICD) promotes breast cancer stemness. Furthermore, CD44ICD interacts with CREB and binds to the promoter region of PFKFB4, thereby regulating PFKFB4 transcription and expression. The resultant PFKFB4 expression facilitates the glycolysis pathway (vis-à-vis oxidative phosphorylation) and promotes stemness of breast cancer. In addition, we found that CD44ICD and PFKFB4 expressions are generally up-regulated in the tumor portion of breast cancer patient samples. Most importantly, we found that 5MPN (a selective inhibitor of PFKFB4) suppresses CD44ICD-induced tumor development. Conclusion: CD44ICD promotes breast cancer stemness via PFKFB4-mediated glycolysis, and therapies that target PFKFB4 (e.g., 5MPN therapy) may lead to improved outcomes for cancer patients.
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199
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Yadav UP, Singh T, Kumar P, Sharma P, Kaur H, Sharma S, Singh S, Kumar S, Mehta K. [Morbidity in primary medical services in the jurisdiction of Huamantla, Tlaxcala]. SALUD PUBLICA DE MEXICO 1982; 10:1010. [PMID: 32670883 PMCID: PMC7330710 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Prasad Yadav
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Tashvinder Singh
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Pramit Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Harsimrat Kaur
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
- Desh Bhagat Dental College, Mandi Gobindgarh, India
| | - Sadhana Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Kapil Mehta
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Centre, The University of Texas, Houston, TX, United States
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200
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Lee KL, Kuo YC, Ho YS, Huang YH. Isolation and characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO mutant that produces altered elastase. J Bacteriol 1980; 11:cancers11091334. [PMID: 31505803 PMCID: PMC6769912 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is cancer that tested as negative for estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), and excess human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) protein which accounts for 15%–20% of all breast cancer cases. TNBC is considered to be a poorer prognosis than other types of breast cancer, mainly because it involves more aggressive phenotypes that are similar to stem cell–like cancer cells (cancer stem cell, CSC). Thus, targeted treatment of TNBC remains a major challenge in clinical practice. This review article surveys the latest evidence concerning the role of genomic alteration in current TNBC treatment responses, current clinical trials and potential targeting sites, CSC and drug resistance, and potential strategies targeting CSCs in TNBC. Furthermore, the role of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) in stemness expression, chemoresistance, and metastasis in TNBC and their relevance to potential treatments are also discussed and highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kha-Liang Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Che Kuo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Soon Ho
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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