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Bugliani M, Tavarini S, Grano F, Tondi S, Lacerenza S, Giusti L, Ronci M, Maidecchi A, Marchetti P, Tesi M, Angelini LG. Protective effects of Stevia rebaudiana extracts on beta cells in lipotoxic conditions. Acta Diabetol 2022; 59:113-126. [PMID: 34499239 PMCID: PMC8758658 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-021-01793-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaf extracts have gained increasing attention for their potential protection against type 2 diabetes. In this study, we have evaluated the possible beneficial effects of Stevia rebaudiana leaf extracts on beta-cells exposed to lipotoxicity and explored some of the possible mechanisms involved. METHODS Extracts, deriving from six different chemotypes (ST1 to ST6), were characterized in terms of steviol glycosides, total phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity. INS-1E beta cells and human pancreatic islets were incubated 24 h with 0.5 mM palmitate with or without varying concentrations of extracts. Beta-cell/islet cell features were analyzed by MTT assay, activated caspase 3/7 measurement, and/or nucleosome quantification. In addition, the proteome of INS-1E cells was assessed by bi-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). RESULTS The extracts differed in terms of antioxidant activity and stevioside content. As expected, 24 h exposure to palmitate resulted in a significant decrease of INS-1E cell metabolic activity, which was counteracted by all the Stevia extracts at 200 μg/ml. However, varying stevioside only concentrations were not able to protect palmitate-exposed cells. ST3 extract was also tested with human islets, showing an anti-apoptotic effect. Proteome analysis showed several changes in INS-1E beta-cells exposed to ST3, mainly at the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial levels. CONCLUSIONS Stevia rebaudiana leaf extracts have beneficial effects on beta cells exposed to lipotoxicity; this effect does not seem to be mediated by stevioside alone (suggesting a major role of the leaf phytocomplex as a whole) and might be due to actions on the endoplasmic reticulum and the mitochondrion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Tavarini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Grano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Tondi
- Aboca SpA Società Agricola, Sansepolcro, Tuscany, Italy
| | | | - Laura Giusti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ronci
- Department of Pharmacy and Centre for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
- Department of Pharmacy and Centre for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Marta Tesi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luciana G Angelini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale NUTRAFOOD, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Ferri G, Tesi M, Pesce L, Bugliani M, Grano F, Occhipinti M, Suleiman M, De Luca C, Marselli L, Marchetti P, Cardarelli F. Spatiotemporal Correlation Spectroscopy Reveals a Protective Effect of Peptide-Based GLP-1 Receptor Agonism against Lipotoxicity on Insulin Granule Dynamics in Primary Human β-Cells. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091403. [PMID: 34575477 PMCID: PMC8464798 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists are being used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and may have beneficial effects on the pancreatic β-cells. Here, we evaluated the effects of GLP-1R agonism on insulin secretory granule (ISG) dynamics in primary β-cells isolated from human islets exposed to palmitate-induced lipotoxic stress. Islets cells were exposed for 48 h to 0.5 mM palmitate (hereafter, ‘Palm’) with or without the addition of a GLP-1 agonist, namely 10 nM exendin-4 (hereafter, ‘Ex-4’). Dissociated cells were first transfected with syncollin-EGFP in order to fluorescently mark the ISGs. Then, by applying a recently established spatiotemporal correlation spectroscopy technique, the average structural (i.e., size) and dynamic (i.e., the local diffusivity and mode of motion) properties of ISGs are extracted from a calculated imaging-derived Mean Square Displacement (iMSD) trace. Besides defining the structural/dynamic fingerprint of ISGs in human cells for the first time, iMSD analysis allowed to probe fingerprint variations under selected conditions: namely, it was shown that Palm affects ISGs dynamics in response to acute glucose stimulation by abolishing the ISGs mobilization typically imparted by glucose and, concomitantly, by reducing the extent of ISGs active/directed intracellular movement. By contrast, co-treatment with Ex-4 normalizes ISG dynamics, i.e., re-establish ISG mobilization and ability to perform active transport in response to glucose stimulation. These observations were correlated with standard glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), which resulted in being reduced in cells exposed to Palm but preserved in cells concomitantly exposed to 10 nM Ex-4. Our data support the idea that GLP-1R agonism may exert its beneficial effect on human β-cells under metabolic stress by maintaining ISGs’ proper intracellular dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianmarco Ferri
- Laboratorio NEST-Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (G.F.); (L.P.)
| | - Marta Tesi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.T.); (M.B.); (F.G.); (M.O.); (M.S.); (C.D.L.); (L.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Luca Pesce
- Laboratorio NEST-Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (G.F.); (L.P.)
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.T.); (M.B.); (F.G.); (M.O.); (M.S.); (C.D.L.); (L.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Francesca Grano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.T.); (M.B.); (F.G.); (M.O.); (M.S.); (C.D.L.); (L.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Margherita Occhipinti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.T.); (M.B.); (F.G.); (M.O.); (M.S.); (C.D.L.); (L.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Mara Suleiman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.T.); (M.B.); (F.G.); (M.O.); (M.S.); (C.D.L.); (L.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Carmela De Luca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.T.); (M.B.); (F.G.); (M.O.); (M.S.); (C.D.L.); (L.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.T.); (M.B.); (F.G.); (M.O.); (M.S.); (C.D.L.); (L.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (M.T.); (M.B.); (F.G.); (M.O.); (M.S.); (C.D.L.); (L.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Francesco Cardarelli
- Laboratorio NEST-Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (G.F.); (L.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Marselli L, Piron A, Suleiman M, Colli ML, Yi X, Khamis A, Carrat GR, Rutter GA, Bugliani M, Giusti L, Ronci M, Ibberson M, Turatsinze JV, Boggi U, De Simone P, De Tata V, Lopes M, Nasteska D, De Luca C, Tesi M, Bosi E, Singh P, Campani D, Schulte AM, Solimena M, Hecht P, Rady B, Bakaj I, Pocai A, Norquay L, Thorens B, Canouil M, Froguel P, Eizirik DL, Cnop M, Marchetti P. Persistent or Transient Human β Cell Dysfunction Induced by Metabolic Stress: Specific Signatures and Shared Gene Expression with Type 2 Diabetes. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108466. [PMID: 33264613 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β cell failure is key to type 2 diabetes (T2D) onset and progression. Here, we assess whether human β cell dysfunction induced by metabolic stress is reversible, evaluate the molecular pathways underlying persistent or transient damage, and explore the relationships with T2D islet traits. Twenty-six islet preparations are exposed to several lipotoxic/glucotoxic conditions, some of which impair insulin release, depending on stressor type, concentration, and combination. The reversal of dysfunction occurs after washout for some, although not all, of the lipoglucotoxic insults. Islet transcriptomes assessed by RNA sequencing and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis identify specific pathways underlying β cell failure and recovery. Comparison of a large number of human T2D islet transcriptomes with those of persistent or reversible β cell lipoglucotoxicity show shared gene expression signatures. The identification of mechanisms associated with human β cell dysfunction and recovery and their overlap with T2D islet traits provide insights into T2D pathogenesis, fostering the development of improved β cell-targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and AOUP Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy.
| | - Anthony Piron
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Mara Suleiman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and AOUP Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Maikel L Colli
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Xiaoyan Yi
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Amna Khamis
- INSERM UMR 1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille 59000, France
| | - Gaelle R Carrat
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Imperial College, London, UK; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and AOUP Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Laura Giusti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and AOUP Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy; School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ronci
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Centre for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mark Ibberson
- Vital-IT Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | | | - Ugo Boggi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy; Division of General and Transplant Surgery, Cisanello University Hospital, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Paolo De Simone
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy; Division of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Cisanello University Hospital, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Tata
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Miguel Lopes
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Daniela Nasteska
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Carmela De Luca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and AOUP Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Marta Tesi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and AOUP Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Emanuele Bosi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and AOUP Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Pratibha Singh
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Daniela Campani
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and the Critical Areas, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Anke M Schulte
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Diabetes Research, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michele Solimena
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Peter Hecht
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Diabetes Research, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Bernard Thorens
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- INSERM UMR 1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille 59000, France
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium; WELBIO, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Division of Endocrinology, ULB Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Miriam Cnop
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium; Division of Endocrinology, ULB Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and AOUP Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy.
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Syed F, Tersey SA, Turatsinze JV, Felton JL, Kang NJ, Nelson JB, Sims EK, Defrance M, Bizet M, Fuks F, Cnop M, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Ziegler AG, Bonifacio E, Webb-Robertson BJ, Balamurugan AN, Evans-Molina C, Eizirik DL, Mather KJ, Arslanian S, Mirmira RG. Circulating unmethylated CHTOP and INS DNA fragments provide evidence of possible islet cell death in youth with obesity and diabetes. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:116. [PMID: 32736653 PMCID: PMC7393900 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00906-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of islet β cell death prior to the onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D) or type 2 diabetes (T2D) might allow for interventions to protect β cells and reduce diabetes risk. Circulating unmethylated DNA fragments arising from the human INS gene have been proposed as biomarkers of β cell death, but this gene alone may not be sufficiently specific to report β cell death. RESULTS To identify new candidate genes whose CpG sites may show greater specificity for β cells, we performed unbiased DNA methylation analysis using the Infinium HumanMethylation 450 array on 64 human islet preparations and 27 non-islet human tissues. For verification of array results, bisulfite DNA sequencing of human β cells and 11 non-β cell tissues was performed on 5 of the top 10 CpG sites that were found to be differentially methylated. We identified the CHTOP gene as a candidate whose CpGs show a greater frequency of unmethylation in human islets. A digital PCR strategy was used to determine the methylation pattern of CHTOP and INS CpG sites in primary human tissues. Although both INS and CHTOP contained unmethylated CpG sites in non-islet tissues, they occurred in a non-overlapping pattern. Based on Naïve Bayes classifier analysis, the two genes together report 100% specificity for islet damage. Digital PCR was then performed on cell-free DNA from serum from human subjects. Compared to healthy controls (N = 10), differentially methylated CHTOP and INS levels were higher in youth with new onset T1D (N = 43) and, unexpectedly, in healthy autoantibody-negative youth who have first-degree relatives with T1D (N = 23). When tested in lean (N = 32) and obese (N = 118) youth, increased levels of unmethylated INS and CHTOP were observed in obese individuals. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that concurrent measurement of circulating unmethylated INS and CHTOP has the potential to detect islet death in youth at risk for both T1D and T2D. Our data also support the use of multiple parameters to increase the confidence of detecting islet damage in individuals at risk for developing diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Syed
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sarah A Tersey
- Kovler Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 900 E. 57th Street, KCBD-8130, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | | | - Jamie L Felton
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Nicole Jiyun Kang
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jennifer B Nelson
- Kovler Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 900 E. 57th Street, KCBD-8130, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Emily K Sims
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mathieu Defrance
- Laboratory for Cancer Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, and ULB Cancer Research Center, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martin Bizet
- Laboratory for Cancer Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, and ULB Cancer Research Center, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francois Fuks
- Laboratory for Cancer Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, and ULB Cancer Research Center, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Miriam Cnop
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Division of Endocrinology (ULB Erasmus Hospital), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Appakalai N Balamurugan
- Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kieren J Mather
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Silva Arslanian
- Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Raghavendra G Mirmira
- Kovler Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 900 E. 57th Street, KCBD-8130, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
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Marchetti P, Schulte AM, Marselli L, Schoniger E, Bugliani M, Kramer W, Overbergh L, Ullrich S, Gloyn AL, Ibberson M, Rutter G, Froguel P, Groop L, McCarthy MI, Dotta F, Scharfmann R, Magnan C, Eizirik DL, Mathieu C, Cnop M, Thorens B, Solimena M. Fostering improved human islet research: a European perspective. Diabetologia 2019; 62:1514-1516. [PMID: 31197398 PMCID: PMC6647243 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-4911-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cisanello University Hospital, via Paradisa 2, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Anke M Schulte
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Diabetes Research, Industriepark Höchst, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cisanello University Hospital, via Paradisa 2, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Eyke Schoniger
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cisanello University Hospital, via Paradisa 2, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Werner Kramer
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Diabetes Research, Industriepark Höchst, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lut Overbergh
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Susanne Ullrich
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna L Gloyn
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Mark Ibberson
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guy Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Francesco Dotta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto di Mario ONLUS -Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Christophe Magnan
- Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chantal Mathieu
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Miriam Cnop
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Division of Endocrinology, ULB Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Thorens
- Centre for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michele Solimena
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Dresden, Germany
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Grieco FA, Schiavo AA, Brozzi F, Juan-Mateu J, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Eizirik DL. The miRNAs miR-211-5p and miR-204-5p modulate ER stress in human beta cells. J Mol Endocrinol 2019; 63:139-149. [PMID: 31277072 PMCID: PMC6938585 DOI: 10.1530/jme-19-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
miRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease characterized by insulitis (islets inflammation) and pancreatic beta cell destruction. The pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1 beta (IL1B) and interferon gamma (IFNG) are released during insulitis and trigger endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and expression of pro-apoptotic members of the BCL2 protein family in beta cells, thus contributing to their death. The nature of miRNAs that regulate ER stress and beta cell apoptosis remains to be elucidated. We have performed a global miRNA expression profile on cytokine-treated human islets and observed a marked downregulation of miR-211-5p. By real-time PCR and Western blot analysis, we confirmed cytokine-induced changes in the expression of miR-211-5p and the closely related miR-204-5p and downstream ER stress related genes in human beta cells. Blocking of endogenous miRNA-211-5p and miR-204-5p by the same inhibitor (it is not possible to block separately these two miRs) increased human beta cell apoptosis, as measured by Hoechst/propidium Iodide staining and by determination of cleaved caspase-3 activation. Interestingly, miRs-211-5p and 204-5p regulate the expression of several ER stress markers downstream of PERK, particularly the pro-apoptotic protein DDIT3 (also known as CHOP). Blocking CHOP expression by a specific siRNA partially prevented the increased apoptosis observed following miR-211-5p/miR-204-5p inhibition. These observations identify a novel crosstalk between miRNAs, ER stress and beta cell apoptosis in early type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Arturo Grieco
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andrea Alex Schiavo
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Flora Brozzi
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jonas Juan-Mateu
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Décio L. Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Corresponding author: Dr. Décio L. Eizirik, ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium, Phone: +32 2 555 6242, Fax: +32 2 555 6239,
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7
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Bugliani M, Mossuto S, Grano F, Suleiman M, Marselli L, Boggi U, De Simone P, Eizirik DL, Cnop M, Marchetti P, De Tata V. Modulation of Autophagy Influences the Function and Survival of Human Pancreatic Beta Cells Under Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Conditions and in Type 2 Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:52. [PMID: 30863363 PMCID: PMC6399112 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is the major mechanism involved in degradation and recycling of intracellular components, and its alterations have been proposed to cause beta cell dysfunction. In this study, we explored the effects of autophagy modulation in human islets under conditions associated to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Human pancreatic islets were isolated by enzymatic digestion and density gradient purification from pancreatic samples of non-diabetic (ND; n = 17; age 65 ± 21 years; gender: 5 M/12 F; BMI 23.4 ± 3.3 kg/m2) and T2D (n = 9; age 76 ± 6 years; 4 M/5 F; gender: BMI 25.4 ± 3.7 kg/m2) organ donors. Nine ND organ donors were treated for hypertension and 1 for both hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. T2D organ donors were treated with metformin (1), oral hypoglycemic agents (2), diet + oral hypoglycemic agents (3), insulin (3) or insulin plus metformin (3) as for antidiabetic therapy and, of these, 3 were treated also for hypertension and 6 for both hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. Two days after isolation, they were cultured for 1-5 days with 10 ng/ml rapamycin (autophagy inducer), 5 mM 3-methyladenine or 1.0 nM concanamycin-A (autophagy blockers), either in the presence or not of metabolic (0.5 mM palmitate) or chemical (0.1 ng/ml brefeldin A) ER stressors. In ND islets palmitate exposure induced a 4 to 5-fold increase of beta cell apoptosis, which was significantly prevented by rapamycin and exacerbated by 3-MA. Similar results were observed with brefeldin treatment. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from ND islets was reduced by palmitate (-40 to 50%) and brefeldin (-60 to 70%), and rapamycin counteracted palmitate, but not brefeldin, cytotoxic actions. Both palmitate and brefeldin induced PERK, CHOP and BiP gene expression, which was partially, but significantly prevented by rapamycin. With T2D islets, rapamycin alone reduced the amount of p62, an autophagy receptor that accumulates in cells when macroautophagy is inhibited. Compared to untreated T2D cells, rapamycin-exposed diabetic islets showed improved insulin secretion, reduced proportion of beta cells showing signs of apoptosis and better preserved insulin granules, mitochondria and ER ultrastructure; this was associated with significant reduction of PERK, CHOP and BiP gene expression. This study emphasizes the importance of autophagy modulation in human beta cell function and survival, particularly in situations of ER stress. Tuning autophagy could be a tool for beta cell protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - S. Mossuto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - F. Grano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - M. Suleiman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - L. Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - U. Boggi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Medicine, Molecular and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - P. De Simone
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - D. L. Eizirik
- Medical Faculty, ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M. Cnop
- Medical Faculty, ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - P. Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - V. De Tata
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- *Correspondence: V. De Tata
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8
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Gonzalez-Duque S, Azoury ME, Colli ML, Afonso G, Turatsinze JV, Nigi L, Lalanne AI, Sebastiani G, Carré A, Pinto S, Culina S, Corcos N, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Armanet M, Diedisheim M, Kyewski B, Steinmetz LM, Buus S, You S, Dubois-Laforgue D, Larger E, Beressi JP, Bruno G, Dotta F, Scharfmann R, Eizirik DL, Verdier Y, Vinh J, Mallone R. Conventional and Neo-antigenic Peptides Presented by β Cells Are Targeted by Circulating Naïve CD8+ T Cells in Type 1 Diabetic and Healthy Donors. Cell Metab 2018; 28:946-960.e6. [PMID: 30078552 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Although CD8+ T-cell-mediated autoimmune β cell destruction occurs in type 1 diabetes (T1D), the target epitopes processed and presented by β cells are unknown. To identify them, we combined peptidomics and transcriptomics strategies. Inflammatory cytokines increased peptide presentation in vitro, paralleling upregulation of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I expression. Peptide sources featured several insulin granule proteins and all known β cell antigens, barring islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein. Preproinsulin yielded HLA-A2-restricted epitopes previously described. Secretogranin V and its mRNA splice isoform SCG5-009, proconvertase-2, urocortin-3, the insulin gene enhancer protein ISL-1, and an islet amyloid polypeptide transpeptidation product emerged as antigens processed into HLA-A2-restricted epitopes, which, as those already described, were recognized by circulating naive CD8+ T cells in T1D and healthy donors and by pancreas-infiltrating cells in T1D donors. This peptidome opens new avenues to understand antigen processing by β cells and for the development of T cell biomarkers and tolerogenic vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Gonzalez-Duque
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique et Protéomique, CNRS USR3149, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marie Eliane Azoury
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Maikel L Colli
- Université Libre de Bruxelles Center for Diabetes Research and Welbio, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Georgia Afonso
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Valery Turatsinze
- Université Libre de Bruxelles Center for Diabetes Research and Welbio, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laura Nigi
- University of Siena, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Diabetes Unit and Fondazione Umberto di Mario ONLUS, Toscana Life Sciences, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Ana Ines Lalanne
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Guido Sebastiani
- University of Siena, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Diabetes Unit and Fondazione Umberto di Mario ONLUS, Toscana Life Sciences, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Alexia Carré
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Sheena Pinto
- DKFZ, Division of Developmental Immunology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Slobodan Culina
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Noémie Corcos
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Marco Bugliani
- University of Pisa, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- University of Pisa, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Mathieu Armanet
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Cell Therapy Unit, Saint Louis Hospital, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Marc Diedisheim
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Diabétologie, Cochin Hospital, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Kyewski
- DKFZ, Division of Developmental Immunology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lars M Steinmetz
- Stanford University, School of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Søren Buus
- Panum Institute, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sylvaine You
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Daniele Dubois-Laforgue
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Diabétologie, Cochin Hospital, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Etienne Larger
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Diabétologie, Cochin Hospital, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Beressi
- Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot, Service de Diabétologie, 78150 Le Chesnay, France
| | - Graziella Bruno
- University of Turin, Department of Medical Sciences, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Dotta
- University of Siena, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Diabetes Unit and Fondazione Umberto di Mario ONLUS, Toscana Life Sciences, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Raphael Scharfmann
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- Université Libre de Bruxelles Center for Diabetes Research and Welbio, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yann Verdier
- ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique et Protéomique, CNRS USR3149, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Joelle Vinh
- ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique et Protéomique, CNRS USR3149, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Roberto Mallone
- INSERM, U1016, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Diabétologie, Cochin Hospital, 75014 Paris, France.
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9
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Izzi‐Engbeaya C, Comninos AN, Clarke SA, Jomard A, Yang L, Jones S, Abbara A, Narayanaswamy S, Eng PC, Papadopoulou D, Prague JK, Bech P, Godsland IF, Bassett P, Sands C, Camuzeaux S, Gomez‐Romero M, Pearce JTM, Lewis MR, Holmes E, Nicholson JK, Tan T, Ratnasabapathy R, Hu M, Carrat G, Piemonti L, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Johnson PR, Hughes SJ, James Shapiro AM, Rutter GA, Dhillo WS. The effects of kisspeptin on β-cell function, serum metabolites and appetite in humans. Diabetes Obes Metab 2018; 20:2800-2810. [PMID: 29974637 PMCID: PMC6282711 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the effect of kisspeptin on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and appetite in humans. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 15 healthy men (age: 25.2 ± 1.1 years; BMI: 22.3 ± 0.5 kg m-2 ), we compared the effects of 1 nmol kg-1 h-1 kisspeptin versus vehicle administration on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, metabolites, gut hormones, appetite and food intake. In addition, we assessed the effect of kisspeptin on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in vitro in human pancreatic islets and a human β-cell line (EndoC-βH1 cells). RESULTS Kisspeptin administration to healthy men enhanced insulin secretion following an intravenous glucose load, and modulated serum metabolites. In keeping with this, kisspeptin increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from human islets and a human pancreatic cell line in vitro. In addition, kisspeptin administration did not alter gut hormones, appetite or food intake in healthy men. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these data demonstrate for the first time a beneficial role for kisspeptin in insulin secretion in humans in vivo. This has important implications for our understanding of the links between reproduction and metabolism in humans, as well as for the ongoing translational development of kisspeptin-based therapies for reproductive and potentially metabolic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chioma Izzi‐Engbeaya
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Alexander N. Comninos
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of EndocrinologyImperial College Healthcare NHS TrustLondonUK
| | - Sophie A. Clarke
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Anne Jomard
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Lisa Yang
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Sophie Jones
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Ali Abbara
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Shakunthala Narayanaswamy
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Pei Chia Eng
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Deborah Papadopoulou
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Julia K. Prague
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Paul Bech
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Ian F. Godsland
- Section of Metabolic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Imperial College LondonSt Mary's HospitalLondonUK
| | | | - Caroline Sands
- The MRC‐NIHR National Phenome Centre and Imperial BRC Clinical Phenotyping Centre, Division of Computational, Systems and Digestive Medicine, Department of Surgery and CancerLondonUK
| | - Stephane Camuzeaux
- The MRC‐NIHR National Phenome Centre and Imperial BRC Clinical Phenotyping Centre, Division of Computational, Systems and Digestive Medicine, Department of Surgery and CancerLondonUK
| | - Maria Gomez‐Romero
- The MRC‐NIHR National Phenome Centre and Imperial BRC Clinical Phenotyping Centre, Division of Computational, Systems and Digestive Medicine, Department of Surgery and CancerLondonUK
| | - Jake T. M. Pearce
- The MRC‐NIHR National Phenome Centre and Imperial BRC Clinical Phenotyping Centre, Division of Computational, Systems and Digestive Medicine, Department of Surgery and CancerLondonUK
| | - Matthew R. Lewis
- The MRC‐NIHR National Phenome Centre and Imperial BRC Clinical Phenotyping Centre, Division of Computational, Systems and Digestive Medicine, Department of Surgery and CancerLondonUK
| | - Elaine Holmes
- The MRC‐NIHR National Phenome Centre and Imperial BRC Clinical Phenotyping Centre, Division of Computational, Systems and Digestive Medicine, Department of Surgery and CancerLondonUK
| | - Jeremy K. Nicholson
- The MRC‐NIHR National Phenome Centre and Imperial BRC Clinical Phenotyping Centre, Division of Computational, Systems and Digestive Medicine, Department of Surgery and CancerLondonUK
| | - Tricia Tan
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Risheka Ratnasabapathy
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Ming Hu
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Imperial Pancreatic Islet Biology and Diabetes ConsortiumHammersmith Hospital, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Gaelle Carrat
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Imperial Pancreatic Islet Biology and Diabetes ConsortiumHammersmith Hospital, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute (SR‐DRI), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
- Faculty of MedicineVita‐Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell LaboratoryUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell LaboratoryUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Paul R. Johnson
- Nuffield Department of Surgical SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and MetabolismUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- National Institute of Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Stephen J. Hughes
- Nuffield Department of Surgical SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and MetabolismUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- National Institute of Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill HospitalOxfordUK
| | - A. M. James Shapiro
- Clinical Islet Laboratory and Clinical Islet Transplant ProgramUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonCanada
| | - Guy A. Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Imperial Pancreatic Islet Biology and Diabetes ConsortiumHammersmith Hospital, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Waljit S. Dhillo
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
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10
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Buitinga M, Callebaut A, Marques Câmara Sodré F, Crèvecoeur I, Blahnik-Fagan G, Yang ML, Bugliani M, Arribas-Layton D, Marré M, Cook DP, Waelkens E, Mallone R, Piganelli JD, Marchetti P, Mamula MJ, Derua R, James EA, Mathieu C, Overbergh L. Inflammation-Induced Citrullinated Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 Elicits Immune Responses in Human Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2018; 67:2337-2348. [PMID: 30348823 PMCID: PMC6973547 DOI: 10.2337/db18-0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The β-cell has become recognized as a central player in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes with the generation of neoantigens as potential triggers for breaking immune tolerance. We report that posttranslationally modified glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is a novel autoantigen in human type 1 diabetes. When human islets were exposed to inflammatory stress induced by interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-γ, arginine residue R510 within GRP78 was converted into citrulline, as evidenced by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. This conversion, known as citrullination, led to the generation of neoepitopes, which effectively could be presented by HLA-DRB1*04:01 molecules. With the use of HLA-DRB1*04:01 tetramers and ELISA techniques, we demonstrate enhanced antigenicity of citrullinated GRP78 with significantly increased CD4+ T-cell responses and autoantibody titers in patients with type 1 diabetes compared with healthy control subjects. Of note, patients with type 1 diabetes had a predominantly higher percentage of central memory cells and a lower percentage of effector memory cells directed against citrullinated GRP78 compared with the native epitope. These results strongly suggest that citrullination of β-cell proteins, exemplified here by the citrullination of GRP78, contributes to loss of self-tolerance toward β-cells in human type 1 diabetes, indicating that β-cells actively participate in their own demise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijke Buitinga
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aïsha Callebaut
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Inne Crèvecoeur
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Meghan Marré
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Dana P Cook
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Etienne Waelkens
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- SyBioMa, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roberto Mallone
- INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jon D Piganelli
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | | | - Rita Derua
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- SyBioMa, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Chantal Mathieu
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lut Overbergh
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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11
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Ferri G, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Cardarelli F. Probing the light scattering properties of insulin secretory granules in single live cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:2710-2714. [PMID: 30119894 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Light scattering was recently demonstrated to serve as an intrinsic indicator for pancreatic islet cell mass and secretion. The insulin secretory granule (ISG), in particular, was proposed to be a reasonable candidate as the main intracellular source of scattered light due to the densely-packed insulin semi-crystal in the granule lumen. This scenario, if confirmed, would in principle open new perspectives for label-free single-granule imaging, tracking, and analysis. Contrary to such expectations, here we demonstrate that ISGs are not a primary source of scattering in primary human β-cells, as well as in immortalized β-like cells, quantitatively not superior to other intracellular organelles/structures, such as lysosomes and internal membranes. This result is achieved through multi-channel imaging of scattered light along with fluorescence arising from selectively-labelled ISGs. Co-localization and spatiotemporal cross-correlation analysis is performed on these signals, and compared among different cell lines. Obtained results suggest a careful re-thinking of the possibility to exploit intrinsic optical properties originating from ISGs for single-granule imaging purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianmarco Ferri
- NEST - Scuola Normale Superiore, Istituto Nanoscienze - CNR (CNR NANO), Pisa, Italy; Nanoscopy, Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, Genova, 16163 Italy
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Cardarelli
- NEST - Scuola Normale Superiore, Istituto Nanoscienze - CNR (CNR NANO), Pisa, Italy.
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12
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Bugliani M, Syed F, Paula FMM, Omar BA, Suleiman M, Mossuto S, Grano F, Cardarelli F, Boggi U, Vistoli F, Filipponi F, De Simone P, Marselli L, De Tata V, Ahren B, Eizirik DL, Marchetti P. DPP-4 is expressed in human pancreatic beta cells and its direct inhibition improves beta cell function and survival in type 2 diabetes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 473:186-193. [PMID: 29409957 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that the incretin system, including regulated GLP-1 secretion and locally expressed DPP-4, is present in pancreatic islets. In this study we comprehensively evaluated the expression and role of DPP-4 in islet alpha and beta cells from non-diabetic (ND) and type 2 diabetic (T2D) individuals, including the effects of its inhibition on beta cell function and survival. Isolated islets were prepared from 25 ND and 18 T2D organ donors; studies were also performed with the human insulin-producing EndoC-βH1 cells. Morphological (including confocal microscopy), ultrastructural (electron microscopy, EM), functional (glucose-stimulated insulin secretion), survival (EM and nuclear dyes) and molecular (RNAseq, qPCR and western blot) studies were performed under several different experimental conditions. DPP-4 co-localized with glucagon and was also expressed in human islet insulin-containing cells. Furthermore, DPP-4 was expressed in EndoC-βH1 cells. The proportions of DPP-4 positive alpha and beta cells and DPP-4 gene expression were significantly lower in T2D islets. A DPP-4 inhibitor protected ND human beta cells and EndoC-βH1 cells against cytokine-induced toxicity, which was at least in part independent from GLP1 and associated with reduced NFKB1 expression. Finally, DPP-4 inhibition augmented glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, reduced apoptosis and improved ultrastructure in T2D beta cells. These results demonstrate the presence of DPP-4 in human islet alpha and beta cells, with reduced expression in T2D islets, and show that DPP-4 inhibition has beneficial effects on human ND and T2D beta cells. This suggests that DPP-4, besides playing a role in incretin effects, directly affects beta cell function and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Farooq Syed
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Flavia M M Paula
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bilal A Omar
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund Sweden
| | - Mara Suleiman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sandra Mossuto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Grano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Cardarelli
- National Enterprise for NanoScience and NanoTechnology (NEST), CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ugo Boggi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Vistoli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Franco Filipponi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Medicine, Molecular and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo De Simone
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Medicine, Molecular and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Tata
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Bo Ahren
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund Sweden
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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13
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Bellini L, Campana M, Rouch C, Chacinska M, Bugliani M, Meneyrol K, Hainault I, Lenoir V, Denom J, Véret J, Kassis N, Thorens B, Ibberson M, Marchetti P, Blachnio-Zabielska A, Cruciani-Guglielmacci C, Prip-Buus C, Magnan C, Le Stunff H. Protective role of the ELOVL2/docosahexaenoic acid axis in glucolipotoxicity-induced apoptosis in rodent beta cells and human islets. Diabetologia 2018; 61:1780-1793. [PMID: 29754287 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-018-4629-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are known to influence glucose homeostasis. We recently showed that Elovl2 expression in beta cells, which regulates synthesis of endogenous DHA, was associated with glucose tolerance and played a key role in insulin secretion. The present study aimed to examine the role of the very long chain fatty acid elongase 2 (ELOVL2)/DHA axis on the adverse effects of palmitate with high glucose, a condition defined as glucolipotoxicity, on beta cells. METHODS We detected ELOVL2 in INS-1 beta cells and mouse and human islets using quantitative PCR and western blotting. Downregulation and adenoviral overexpression of Elovl2 was carried out in beta cells. Ceramide and diacylglycerol levels were determined by radio-enzymatic assay and lipidomics. Apoptosis was quantified using caspase-3 assays and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. Palmitate oxidation and esterification were determined by [U-14C]palmitate labelling. RESULTS We found that glucolipotoxicity decreased ELOVL2 content in rodent and human beta cells. Downregulation of ELOVL2 drastically potentiated beta cell apoptosis induced by glucolipotoxicity, whereas adenoviral Elovl2 overexpression and supplementation with DHA partially inhibited glucolipotoxicity-induced cell death in rodent and human beta cells. Inhibition of beta cell apoptosis by the ELOVL2/DHA axis was associated with a decrease in ceramide accumulation. However, the ELOVL2/DHA axis was unable to directly alter ceramide synthesis or metabolism. By contrast, DHA increased palmitate oxidation but did not affect its esterification. Pharmacological inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase and etomoxir, an inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), the rate-limiting enzyme in fatty acid β-oxidation, attenuated the protective effect of the ELOVL2/DHA axis during glucolipotoxicity. Downregulation of CPT1 also counteracted the anti-apoptotic action of the ELOVL2/DHA axis. By contrast, a mutated active form of Cpt1 inhibited glucolipotoxicity-induced beta cell apoptosis when ELOVL2 was downregulated. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our results identify ELOVL2 as a critical pro-survival enzyme for preventing beta cell death and dysfunction induced by glucolipotoxicity, notably by favouring palmitate oxidation in mitochondria through a CPT1-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Bellini
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France
| | - Mélanie Campana
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France
| | - Claude Rouch
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France
| | - Marta Chacinska
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Kelly Meneyrol
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France
| | | | - Véronique Lenoir
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jessica Denom
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France
| | - Julien Véret
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France
| | - Nadim Kassis
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France
| | - Bernard Thorens
- Centre for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mark Ibberson
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Agnieszka Blachnio-Zabielska
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Céline Cruciani-Guglielmacci
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France
| | - Carina Prip-Buus
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Magnan
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France
| | - Hervé Le Stunff
- Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central, Université Paris Diderot, 4 rue Marie-Andrée-Lagroua-Weill-Hallé, 75205, Paris CEDEX 13, France.
- Université Paris-Sud, Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, CNRS UMR 9197, Orsay, France.
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14
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Syed F, Bugliani M, Novelli M, Olimpico F, Suleiman M, Marselli L, Boggi U, Filipponi F, Raffa V, Krol S, Campani D, Masiello P, De Tata V, Marchetti P. Conformal coating by multilayer nano-encapsulation for the protection of human pancreatic islets: In-vitro and in-vivo studies. Nanomedicine 2018; 14:2191-2203. [PMID: 30016718 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
To improve the efficiency of pancreatic islet transplantation, we performed in-vitro and in-vivo experiments with isolated human pancreatic islets coated by multi-layer nano-encapsulation using differently charged polymers [chitosan and poly(sodium styrene sulfonate)] to obtain up to 9 layers. The islet coating (thickness: 104.2 ± 4.2 nm) was uniform, with ≥ 90% cell viability and well preserved beta- and alpha-cell ultrastructure. Nano-encapsulated islets maintained physiological glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by both static incubation and perifusion studies. Notably, palmitate- or cytokine-induced toxicity was significantly reduced in nano-coated islets. Xenotransplantation of nano-encapsulated islets under the kidney capsule of streptozotocin-induced C57Bl/6J diabetic mice allowed long term normal or near normal glycemia, associated with minimal infiltration of immune cell into the grafts, well preserved islet morphology and signs of re-vascularization. In summary, the multi-layer nano-encapsulation approach described in the present study provides a promising tool to effectively protect human islets both in-vitro andin-vivo conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Syed
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Michela Novelli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Olimpico
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Mara Suleiman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Ugo Boggi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Franco Filipponi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Silke Krol
- NanoMed lab, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", IFOM-IEO-campus, Milan, Italy; Laboratory for translational nanomedicine, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela Campani
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Masiello
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Tata
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
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15
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Solimena M, Schulte AM, Marselli L, Ehehalt F, Richter D, Kleeberg M, Mziaut H, Knoch KP, Parnis J, Bugliani M, Siddiq A, Jörns A, Burdet F, Liechti R, Suleiman M, Margerie D, Syed F, Distler M, Grützmann R, Petretto E, Moreno-Moral A, Wegbrod C, Sönmez A, Pfriem K, Friedrich A, Meinel J, Wollheim CB, Baretton GB, Scharfmann R, Nogoceke E, Bonifacio E, Sturm D, Meyer-Puttlitz B, Boggi U, Saeger HD, Filipponi F, Lesche M, Meda P, Dahl A, Wigger L, Xenarios I, Falchi M, Thorens B, Weitz J, Bokvist K, Lenzen S, Rutter GA, Froguel P, von Bülow M, Ibberson M, Marchetti P. Systems biology of the IMIDIA biobank from organ donors and pancreatectomised patients defines a novel transcriptomic signature of islets from individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2018; 61:641-657. [PMID: 29185012 PMCID: PMC5803296 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4500-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Pancreatic islet beta cell failure causes type 2 diabetes in humans. To identify transcriptomic changes in type 2 diabetic islets, the Innovative Medicines Initiative for Diabetes: Improving beta-cell function and identification of diagnostic biomarkers for treatment monitoring in Diabetes (IMIDIA) consortium ( www.imidia.org ) established a comprehensive, unique multicentre biobank of human islets and pancreas tissues from organ donors and metabolically phenotyped pancreatectomised patients (PPP). METHODS Affymetrix microarrays were used to assess the islet transcriptome of islets isolated either by enzymatic digestion from 103 organ donors (OD), including 84 non-diabetic and 19 type 2 diabetic individuals, or by laser capture microdissection (LCM) from surgical specimens of 103 PPP, including 32 non-diabetic, 36 with type 2 diabetes, 15 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 20 with recent-onset diabetes (<1 year), conceivably secondary to the pancreatic disorder leading to surgery (type 3c diabetes). Bioinformatics tools were used to (1) compare the islet transcriptome of type 2 diabetic vs non-diabetic OD and PPP as well as vs IGT and type 3c diabetes within the PPP group; and (2) identify transcription factors driving gene co-expression modules correlated with insulin secretion ex vivo and glucose tolerance in vivo. Selected genes of interest were validated for their expression and function in beta cells. RESULTS Comparative transcriptomic analysis identified 19 genes differentially expressed (false discovery rate ≤0.05, fold change ≥1.5) in type 2 diabetic vs non-diabetic islets from OD and PPP. Nine out of these 19 dysregulated genes were not previously reported to be dysregulated in type 2 diabetic islets. Signature genes included TMEM37, which inhibited Ca2+-influx and insulin secretion in beta cells, and ARG2 and PPP1R1A, which promoted insulin secretion. Systems biology approaches identified HNF1A, PDX1 and REST as drivers of gene co-expression modules correlated with impaired insulin secretion or glucose tolerance, and 14 out of 19 differentially expressed type 2 diabetic islet signature genes were enriched in these modules. None of these signature genes was significantly dysregulated in islets of PPP with impaired glucose tolerance or type 3c diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These studies enabled the stringent definition of a novel transcriptomic signature of type 2 diabetic islets, regardless of islet source and isolation procedure. Lack of this signature in islets from PPP with IGT or type 3c diabetes indicates differences possibly due to peculiarities of these hyperglycaemic conditions and/or a role for duration and severity of hyperglycaemia. Alternatively, these transcriptomic changes capture, but may not precede, beta cell failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Solimena
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich Neuherberg, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics (MPI-CBG), 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Anke M Schulte
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Diabetes Research, Industriepark Höchst, Building H821, 65926, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Florian Ehehalt
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Visceral-Thoracic-Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniela Richter
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Manuela Kleeberg
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Visceral-Thoracic-Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hassan Mziaut
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Klaus-Peter Knoch
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julia Parnis
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Afshan Siddiq
- Queen Mary University of London, Dawson Hall, London, UK
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Anne Jörns
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frédéric Burdet
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, bâtiment Génopode, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Robin Liechti
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, bâtiment Génopode, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mara Suleiman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniel Margerie
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Diabetes Research, Industriepark Höchst, Building H821, 65926, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Farooq Syed
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marius Distler
- Department of Visceral-Thoracic-Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Grützmann
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Enrico Petretto
- Medical Research Council (MRC), Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Aida Moreno-Moral
- Medical Research Council (MRC), Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Carolin Wegbrod
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anke Sönmez
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Katja Pfriem
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anne Friedrich
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jörn Meinel
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Claes B Wollheim
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Geneva University Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gustavo B Baretton
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Raphael Scharfmann
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Everson Nogoceke
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ezio Bonifacio
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich Neuherberg, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dorothée Sturm
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Visceral-Thoracic-Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Birgit Meyer-Puttlitz
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Diabetes Research, Industriepark Höchst, Building H821, 65926, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ugo Boggi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Hans-Detlev Saeger
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Visceral-Thoracic-Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Franco Filipponi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Meda
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Geneva University Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Dahl
- Biotechnology Center, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Leonore Wigger
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, bâtiment Génopode, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Xenarios
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, bâtiment Génopode, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mario Falchi
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Bernard Thorens
- Centre for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Weitz
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Visceral-Thoracic-Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Krister Bokvist
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sigurd Lenzen
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- CNRS-UMR8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France
- Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille, France
| | - Manon von Bülow
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Diabetes Research, Industriepark Höchst, Building H821, 65926, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mark Ibberson
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, bâtiment Génopode, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
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16
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Juan-Mateu J, Alvelos MI, Turatsinze JV, Villate O, Lizarraga-Mollinedo E, Grieco FA, Marroquí L, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Eizirik DL. SRp55 Regulates a Splicing Network That Controls Human Pancreatic β-Cell Function and Survival. Diabetes 2018; 67:423-436. [PMID: 29246973 PMCID: PMC5828453 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Progressive failure of insulin-producing β-cells is the central event leading to diabetes, but the signaling networks controlling β-cell fate remain poorly understood. Here we show that SRp55, a splicing factor regulated by the diabetes susceptibility gene GLIS3, has a major role in maintaining the function and survival of human β-cells. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that SRp55 regulates the splicing of genes involved in cell survival and death, insulin secretion, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling. In particular, SRp55-mediated splicing changes modulate the function of the proapoptotic proteins BIM and BAX, JNK signaling, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, explaining why SRp55 depletion triggers β-cell apoptosis. Furthermore, SRp55 depletion inhibits β-cell mitochondrial function, explaining the observed decrease in insulin release. These data unveil a novel layer of regulation of human β-cell function and survival, namely alternative splicing modulated by key splicing regulators such as SRp55, that may cross talk with candidate genes for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonàs Juan-Mateu
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maria Inês Alvelos
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Valéry Turatsinze
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olatz Villate
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Fabio Arturo Grieco
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laura Marroquí
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Décio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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17
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Richards P, Rachdi L, Oshima M, Marchetti P, Bugliani M, Armanet M, Postic C, Guilmeau S, Scharfmann R. MondoA Is an Essential Glucose-Responsive Transcription Factor in Human Pancreatic β-Cells. Diabetes 2018; 67:461-472. [PMID: 29282201 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Although the mechanisms by which glucose regulates insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells are now well described, the way glucose modulates gene expression in such cells needs more understanding. Here, we demonstrate that MondoA, but not its paralog carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein, is the predominant glucose-responsive transcription factor in human pancreatic β-EndoC-βH1 cells and in human islets. In high-glucose conditions, MondoA shuttles to the nucleus where it is required for the induction of the glucose-responsive genes arrestin domain-containing protein 4 (ARRDC4) and thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP), the latter being a protein strongly linked to β-cell dysfunction and diabetes. Importantly, increasing cAMP signaling in human β-cells, using forskolin or the glucagon-like peptide 1 mimetic Exendin-4, inhibits the shuttling of MondoA and potently inhibits TXNIP and ARRDC4 expression. Furthermore, we demonstrate that silencing MondoA expression improves glucose uptake in EndoC-βH1 cells. These results highlight MondoA as a novel target in β-cells that coordinates transcriptional response to elevated glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Richards
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Latif Rachdi
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Masaya Oshima
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mathieu Armanet
- Cell Therapy Unit Hospital Saint-Louis and University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Guilmeau
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Raphael Scharfmann
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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18
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Mellado-Gil JM, Fuente-Martín E, Lorenzo PI, Cobo-Vuilleumier N, López-Noriega L, Martín-Montalvo A, Gómez IDGH, Ceballos-Chávez M, Gómez-Jaramillo L, Campos-Caro A, Romero-Zerbo SY, Rodríguez-Comas J, Servitja JM, Rojo-Martinez G, Hmadcha A, Soria B, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Bérmudez-Silva FJ, Reyes JC, Aguilar-Diosdado M, Gauthier BR. The type 2 diabetes-associated HMG20A gene is mandatory for islet beta cell functional maturity. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:279. [PMID: 29449530 PMCID: PMC5833347 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0272-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
HMG20A (also known as iBRAF) is a chromatin factor involved in neuronal differentiation and maturation. Recently small nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HMG20A gene have been linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) yet neither expression nor function of this T2DM candidate gene in islets is known. Herein we demonstrate that HMG20A is expressed in both human and mouse islets and that levels are decreased in islets of T2DM donors as compared to islets from non-diabetic donors. In vitro studies in mouse and human islets demonstrated that glucose transiently increased HMG20A transcript levels, a result also observed in islets of gestating mice. In contrast, HMG20A expression was not altered in islets from diet-induced obese and pre-diabetic mice. The T2DM-associated rs7119 SNP, located in the 3' UTR of the HMG20A transcript reduced the luciferase activity of a reporter construct in the human beta 1.1E7 cell line. Depletion of Hmg20a in the rat INS-1E cell line resulted in decreased expression levels of its neuronal target gene NeuroD whereas Rest and Pax4 were increased. Chromatin immunoprecipitation confirmed the interaction of HMG20A with the Pax4 gene promoter. Expression levels of Mafa, Glucokinase, and Insulin were also inhibited. Furthermore, glucose-induced insulin secretion was blunted in HMG20A-depleted islets. In summary, our data demonstrate that HMG20A expression in islet is essential for metabolism-insulin secretion coupling via the coordinated regulation of key islet-enriched genes such as NeuroD and Mafa and that depletion induces expression of genes such as Pax4 and Rest implicated in beta cell de-differentiation. More importantly we assign to the T2DM-linked rs7119 SNP the functional consequence of reducing HMG20A expression likely translating to impaired beta cell mature function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Mellado-Gil
- Department of Cell Regeneration and Advanced Therapies, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Esther Fuente-Martín
- Department of Cell Regeneration and Advanced Therapies, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Petra I Lorenzo
- Department of Cell Regeneration and Advanced Therapies, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Nadia Cobo-Vuilleumier
- Department of Cell Regeneration and Advanced Therapies, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Livia López-Noriega
- Department of Cell Regeneration and Advanced Therapies, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Alejandro Martín-Montalvo
- Department of Cell Regeneration and Advanced Therapies, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Irene de Gracia Herrera Gómez
- Department of Cell Regeneration and Advanced Therapies, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Maria Ceballos-Chávez
- Department of Genome Biology, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER) JA-CSIC-UPO-US, Seville, Spain
| | - Laura Gómez-Jaramillo
- Research Unit, University Hospital "Puerta del Mar", Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias Biomédicas de la Provincia de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Antonio Campos-Caro
- Research Unit, University Hospital "Puerta del Mar", Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias Biomédicas de la Provincia de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Silvana Y Romero-Zerbo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Intercentros de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Júlia Rodríguez-Comas
- Diabetes & Obesity Research Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan-Marc Servitja
- Diabetes & Obesity Research Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Rojo-Martinez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Intercentros de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Abdelkrim Hmadcha
- Department of Cell Regeneration and Advanced Therapies, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernat Soria
- Department of Cell Regeneration and Advanced Therapies, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francisco J Bérmudez-Silva
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Intercentros de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose C Reyes
- Department of Genome Biology, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER) JA-CSIC-UPO-US, Seville, Spain
| | - Manuel Aguilar-Diosdado
- Research Unit, University Hospital "Puerta del Mar", Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias Biomédicas de la Provincia de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Department University Hospital "Puerta del Mar", Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias Biomédicas de la Provincia de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Benoit R Gauthier
- Department of Cell Regeneration and Advanced Therapies, Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain.
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19
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Oshima M, Knoch KP, Diedisheim M, Petzold A, Cattan P, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Choudhary P, Huang GC, Bornstein SR, Solimena M, Albagli-Curiel O, Scharfmann R. Virus-like infection induces human β cell dedifferentiation. JCI Insight 2018; 3:97732. [PMID: 29415896 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.97732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic disease characterized by an autoimmune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells. Environmental factors such as viruses play an important role in the onset of T1D and interact with predisposing genes. Recent data suggest that viral infection of human islets leads to a decrease in insulin production rather than β cell death, suggesting loss of β cell identity. We undertook this study to examine whether viral infection could induce human β cell dedifferentiation. Using the functional human β cell line EndoC-βH1, we demonstrate that polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (PolyI:C), a synthetic double-stranded RNA that mimics a byproduct of viral replication, induces a decrease in β cell-specific gene expression. In parallel with this loss, the expression of progenitor-like genes such as SOX9 was activated following PolyI:C treatment or enteroviral infection. SOX9 was induced by the NF-κB pathway and also in a paracrine non-cell-autonomous fashion through the secretion of IFN-α. Lastly, we identified SOX9 targets in human β cells as potentially new markers of dedifferentiation in T1D. These findings reveal that inflammatory signaling has clear implications in human β cell dedifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Oshima
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Klaus-Peter Knoch
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Molecular Diabetology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marc Diedisheim
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Antje Petzold
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Molecular Diabetology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Pierre Cattan
- Cell Therapy Unit Hospital Saint-Louis and University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pratik Choudhary
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Denmark Hill, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Guo-Cai Huang
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Denmark Hill, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan R Bornstein
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michele Solimena
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Molecular Diabetology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Olivier Albagli-Curiel
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Raphael Scharfmann
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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20
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Fine NHF, Doig CL, Elhassan YS, Vierra NC, Marchetti P, Bugliani M, Nano R, Piemonti L, Rutter GA, Jacobson DA, Lavery GG, Hodson DJ. Glucocorticoids Reprogram β-Cell Signaling to Preserve Insulin Secretion. Diabetes 2018; 67:278-290. [PMID: 29203512 PMCID: PMC5780059 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Excessive glucocorticoid exposure has been shown to be deleterious for pancreatic β-cell function and insulin release. However, glucocorticoids at physiological levels are essential for many homeostatic processes, including glycemic control. We show that corticosterone and cortisol and their less active precursors 11-dehydrocorticosterone (11-DHC) and cortisone suppress voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel function and Ca2+ fluxes in rodent as well as in human β-cells. However, insulin secretion, maximal ATP/ADP responses to glucose, and β-cell identity were all unaffected. Further examination revealed the upregulation of parallel amplifying cAMP signals and an increase in the number of membrane-docked insulin secretory granules. Effects of 11-DHC could be prevented by lipotoxicity and were associated with paracrine regulation of glucocorticoid activity because global deletion of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 normalized Ca2+ and cAMP responses. Thus, we have identified an enzymatically amplified feedback loop whereby glucocorticoids boost cAMP to maintain insulin secretion in the face of perturbed ionic signals. Failure of this protective mechanism may contribute to diabetes in states of glucocorticoid excess, such as Cushing syndrome, which are associated with frank dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas H F Fine
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, U.K
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Craig L Doig
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, U.K
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Yasir S Elhassan
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, U.K
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Nicholas C Vierra
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rita Nano
- Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, U.K
| | - David A Jacobson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Gareth G Lavery
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, U.K
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, U.K
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, U.K.
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, U.K
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, U.K
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21
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Natalicchio A, Marrano N, Biondi G, Spagnuolo R, Labarbuta R, Porreca I, Cignarelli A, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Perrini S, Laviola L, Giorgino F. The Myokine Irisin Is Released in Response to Saturated Fatty Acids and Promotes Pancreatic β-Cell Survival and Insulin Secretion. Diabetes 2017; 66:2849-2856. [PMID: 28724742 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the role of irisin as a new pancreatic β-cell secretagogue and survival factor and its potential role in the communication between skeletal muscle and pancreatic β-cells under lipotoxic conditions. Recombinant irisin stimulated insulin biosynthesis and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in a PKA-dependent manner and prevented saturated fatty acid-induced apoptosis in human and rat pancreatic β-cells, as well as in human and murine pancreatic islets, via AKT/BCL2 signaling. Treatment of myotubes with 0.5 mmol/L palmitate for 4 h, but not with oleate, promoted an increase in irisin release in the culture medium. Moreover, increased serum levels of irisin were observed in mice fed with a high-fat diet. Mouse serum rich in irisin and the conditioned medium from myotubes exposed to palmitate for 4 h significantly reduced apoptosis of murine pancreatic islets and insulin-secreting INS-1E cells, respectively, and this was abrogated in the presence of an irisin-neutralizing antibody. Finally, in vivo administration of irisin improved GSIS and increased β-cell proliferation. In conclusion, irisin can promote β-cell survival and enhance GSIS and may thus participate in the communication between skeletal muscle and β-cells under conditions of excess saturated fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Natalicchio
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Marrano
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Biondi
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Rosaria Spagnuolo
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Rossella Labarbuta
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Immacolata Porreca
- Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore" (IRGS), Biogem, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Angelo Cignarelli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism of Transplantation, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Endocrinology and Metabolism of Transplantation, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sebastio Perrini
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Laviola
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Giorgino
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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22
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Donadel G, Pastore D, Della-Morte D, Capuani B, Lombardo MF, Pacifici F, Bugliani M, Grieco FA, Marchetti P, Lauro D. FGF-2b and h-PL Transform Duct and Non-Endocrine Human Pancreatic Cells into Endocrine Insulin Secreting Cells by Modulating Differentiating Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112234. [PMID: 29068419 PMCID: PMC5713204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multifactorial disease orphan of a cure. Regenerative medicine has been proposed as novel strategy for DM therapy. Human fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2b controls β-cell clusters via autocrine action, and human placental lactogen (hPL)-A increases functional β-cells. We hypothesized whether FGF-2b/hPL-A treatment induces β-cell differentiation from ductal/non-endocrine precursor(s) by modulating specific genes expression. Methods: Human pancreatic ductal-cells (PANC-1) and non-endocrine pancreatic cells were treated with FGF-2b plus hPL-A at 500 ng/mL. Cytofluorimetry and Immunofluorescence have been performed to detect expression of endocrine, ductal and acinar markers. Bromodeoxyuridine incorporation and annexin-V quantified cells proliferation and apoptosis. Insulin secretion was assessed by RIA kit, and electron microscopy analyzed islet-like clusters. Results: Increase in PANC-1 duct cells de-differentiation into islet-like aggregates was observed after FGF-2b/hPL-A treatment showing ultrastructure typical of islets-aggregates. These clusters, after stimulation with FGF-2b/hPL-A, had significant (p < 0.05) increase in insulin, C-peptide, pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX-1), Nkx2.2, Nkx6.1, somatostatin, glucagon, and glucose transporter 2 (Glut-2), compared with control cells. Markers of PANC-1 (Cytokeratin-19, MUC-1, CA19-9) were decreased (p < 0.05). These aggregates after treatment with FGF-2b/hPL-A significantly reduced levels of apoptosis. Conclusions: FGF-2b and hPL-A are promising candidates for regenerative therapy in DM by inducing de-differentiation of stem cells modulating pivotal endocrine genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Donadel
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Donatella Pastore
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - David Della-Morte
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy.
| | - Barbara Capuani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marco F Lombardo
- Agenzia regionale per la protezione ambientale (ARPA) Lazio, Sezione di Roma, 00173 Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Pacifici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism of Transplantation, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (A.O.U.) Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Fabio A Grieco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Endocrinology and Metabolism of Transplantation, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (A.O.U.) Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Davide Lauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
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23
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Masini M, Martino L, Marselli L, Bugliani M, Boggi U, Filipponi F, Marchetti P, De Tata V. Ultrastructural alterations of pancreatic beta cells in human diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2017; 33. [PMID: 28303682 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both types of diabetes are characterized by beta-cell failure and death, leading to insulin insufficiency. Very limited information is currently available about the ultrastructural alterations of beta cells in human diabetes. Our aim was to provide a comprehensive ultrastructural analysis of human pancreatic islets in type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetic patients. METHODS We performed a morphometric electron microscopy evaluation of beta cells obtained from the pancreas of 8 nondiabetic (ND), 5 T1D, and 8 T2D organ donors. RESULTS A lower amount of beta cells was found in both T1D and T2D than in ND islets, whereas alpha cells were increased only in T2D. An increased number of bi-hormonal cells (showing both insulin and glucagon granules in their cytoplasm) were found in T1D. Insulin granules were less represented in T2D than in ND beta cells, whereas no significant changes were found in T1D. Volume density of the endoplasmic reticulum was increased in T2D and unchanged in T1D; mitochondria number and volume were significantly higher in T2D than in ND beta cells, whereas no significant differences were found in T1D. In both T1D and T2D, more beta cells showed signs of apoptosis than in ND. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that in each type of diabetes, beta cells exhibit specific ultrastructural alterations, whose better understanding might improve therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Masini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luisa Martino
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ugo Boggi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Franco Filipponi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Tata
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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24
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Cunha DA, Cito M, Grieco FA, Cosentino C, Danilova T, Ladrière L, Lindahl M, Domanskyi A, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Eizirik DL, Cnop M. Pancreatic β-cell protection from inflammatory stress by the endoplasmic reticulum proteins thrombospondin 1 and mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neutrotrophic factor (MANF). J Biol Chem 2017; 292:14977-14988. [PMID: 28698383 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.769877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is one of the molecular mechanisms underlying pancreatic β-cell demise in type 1 diabetes. Thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) was recently shown to promote β-cell survival during lipotoxic stress. Here we show that ER-localized THBS1 is cytoprotective to rat, mouse, and human β-cells exposed to cytokines or thapsigargin-induced ER stress. THBS1 confers cytoprotection by maintaining expression of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neutrotrophic factor (MANF) in β-cells and thereby prevents the BH3-only protein BIM (BCL2-interacting mediator of cell death)-dependent triggering of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. Prolonged exposure of β-cells to cytokines or thapsigargin leads to THBS1 and MANF degradation and loss of this prosurvival mechanism. Approaches that sustain intracellular THBS1 and MANF expression in β-cells should be explored as a cytoprotective strategy in type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Cunha
- From the Université Libre de Bruxelles Center for Diabetes Research, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Monia Cito
- From the Université Libre de Bruxelles Center for Diabetes Research, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fabio Arturo Grieco
- From the Université Libre de Bruxelles Center for Diabetes Research, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cristina Cosentino
- From the Université Libre de Bruxelles Center for Diabetes Research, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tatiana Danilova
- the Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laurence Ladrière
- From the Université Libre de Bruxelles Center for Diabetes Research, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maria Lindahl
- the Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andrii Domanskyi
- the Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marco Bugliani
- the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy, and
| | - Piero Marchetti
- the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy, and
| | - Décio L Eizirik
- From the Université Libre de Bruxelles Center for Diabetes Research, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Miriam Cnop
- From the Université Libre de Bruxelles Center for Diabetes Research, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium, .,the Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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25
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Masini M, Marselli L, Himpe E, Martino L, Bugliani M, Suleiman M, Boggi U, Filipponi F, Occhipinti M, Bouwens L, De Tata V, Marchetti P. Co-localization of acinar markers and insulin in pancreatic cells of subjects with type 2 diabetes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179398. [PMID: 28617859 PMCID: PMC5472296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To search for clues suggesting that beta cells may generate by transdifferentiation in humans, we assessed the presence of cells double positive for exocrine (amylase, carboxypeptidase A) and endocrine (insulin) markers in the pancreas of non-diabetic individuals (ND) and patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Samples from twelve ND and twelve matched T2D multiorgan donors were studied by electron microscopy, including amylase and insulin immunogold labeling; carboxypeptidase A immunofluorescence light microscopy assessment was also performed. In the pancreas from four T2D donors, cells containing both zymogen-like and insulin-like granules were observed, scattered in the exocrine compartment. Nature of granules was confirmed by immunogold labeling for amylase and insulin. Double positive cells ranged from 0.82 to 1.74 per mm2, corresponding to 0.26±0.045% of the counted exocrine cells. Intriguingly, cells of the innate immune systems (mast cells and/or macrophages) were adjacent to 33.3±13.6% of these hybrid cells. No cells showing co-localization of amylase and insulin were found in ND samples by electron microscopy. Similarly, cells containing both carboxypeptidase A and insulin were more frequently observed in the diabetic pancreata. These results demonstrate more abundant presence of cells containing both acinar markers and insulin in the pancreas of T2D subjects, which suggests possible conversion from one cellular type to the other and specific association with the diseased condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Masini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Eddy Himpe
- Cell Differentiation Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luisa Martino
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mara Suleiman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ugo Boggi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Franco Filipponi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Margherita Occhipinti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luc Bouwens
- Cell Differentiation Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincenzo De Tata
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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26
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Lundh M, Bugliani M, Dahlby T, Chou DHC, Wagner B, Ghiasi SM, De Tata V, Chen Z, Lund MN, Davies MJ, Marchetti P, Mandrup-Poulsen T. The immunoproteasome is induced by cytokines and regulates apoptosis in human islets. J Endocrinol 2017; 233:369-379. [PMID: 28438776 PMCID: PMC5501413 DOI: 10.1530/joe-17-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In addition to degrading misfolded and damaged proteins, the proteasome regulates the fate of cells in response to stress. The role of the proteasome in pro-inflammatory cytokine-induced human beta-cell apoptosis is unknown. Using INS-1, INS-1E and human islets exposed to combinations of IFNγ, IL-1β and TNFα with or without addition of small molecules, we assessed the role of the immunoproteasome in pancreatic beta-cell demise. Here, we show that cytokines induce the expression and activity of the immuno-proteasome in INS-1E cells and human islets. Cytokine-induced expression of immuno-proteasome subunits, but not activity, depended upon histone deacetylase 3 activation. Inhibition of JAK1/STAT1 signaling did not affect proteasomal activity. Inhibition of the immuno-proteasome subunit PSMB8 aggravated cytokine-induced human beta-cell apoptosis while reducing intracellular levels of oxidized proteins in INS-1 cells. While cytokines increased total cellular NFκB subunit P50 and P52 levels and reduced the cytosolic NFκB subunit P65 and IκB levels, these effects were unaffected by PSMB8 inhibition. We conclude that beta cells upregulate immuno-proteasome expression and activity in response to IFNγ, likely as a protective response to confine inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Lundh
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics ProgramBroad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tina Dahlby
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Danny Hung-Chieh Chou
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics ProgramBroad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bridget Wagner
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics ProgramBroad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Vincenzo De Tata
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zhifei Chen
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marianne Nissan Lund
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Food ScienceUniversity of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael J Davies
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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27
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Marchetti P, Bugliani M, De Tata V, Suleiman M, Marselli L. Pancreatic Beta Cell Identity in Humans and the Role of Type 2 Diabetes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2017; 5:55. [PMID: 28589121 PMCID: PMC5440564 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2017.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic beta cells uniquely synthetize, store, and release insulin. Specific molecular, functional as well as ultrastructural traits characterize their insulin secretion properties and survival phentoype. In this review we focus on human islet/beta cells, and describe the changes that occur in type 2 diabetes and could play roles in the disease as well as represent possible targets for therapeutical interventions. These include transcription factors, molecules involved in glucose metabolism and insulin granule handling. Quantitative and qualitative insulin release patterns and their changes in type 2 diabetes are also associated with ultrastructural features involving the insulin granules, the mitochondria, and the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Tata
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Mara Suleiman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of PisaPisa, Italy
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28
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Grieco FA, Sebastiani G, Juan-Mateu J, Villate O, Marroqui L, Ladrière L, Tugay K, Regazzi R, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Dotta F, Eizirik DL. MicroRNAs miR-23a-3p, miR-23b-3p, and miR-149-5p Regulate the Expression of Proapoptotic BH3-Only Proteins DP5 and PUMA in Human Pancreatic β-Cells. Diabetes 2017; 66:100-112. [PMID: 27737950 PMCID: PMC5204315 DOI: 10.2337/db16-0592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease leading to β-cell destruction. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that control gene expression and organ formation. They participate in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases, but the nature of miRNAs contributing to β-cell death in T1D and their target genes remain to be clarified. We performed an miRNA expression profile on human islet preparations exposed to the cytokines IL-1β plus IFN-γ. Confirmation of miRNA and target gene modification in human β-cells was performed by real-time quantitative PCR. Single-stranded miRNAs inhibitors were used to block selected endogenous miRNAs. Cell death was measured by Hoechst/propidium iodide staining and activation of caspase-3. Fifty-seven miRNAs were detected as modulated by cytokines. Three of them, namely miR-23a-3p, miR-23b-3p, and miR-149-5p, were downregulated by cytokines and selected for further studies. These miRNAs were found to regulate the expression of the proapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins DP5 and PUMA and consequent human β-cell apoptosis. These results identify a novel cross talk between a key family of miRNAs and proapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins in human pancreatic β-cells, broadening our understanding of cytokine-induced β-cell apoptosis in early T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Arturo Grieco
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guido Sebastiani
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Umberto Di Mario ONLUS Foundation-Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Siena, Italy
| | - Jonas Juan-Mateu
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olatz Villate
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laura Marroqui
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Ladrière
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ksenya Tugay
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Romano Regazzi
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Islet Cell Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Islet Cell Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Dotta
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Umberto Di Mario ONLUS Foundation-Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Siena, Italy
| | - Décio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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29
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Johnston NR, Mitchell RK, Haythorne E, Pessoa MP, Semplici F, Ferrer J, Piemonti L, Marchetti P, Bugliani M, Bosco D, Berishvili E, Duncanson P, Watkinson M, Broichhagen J, Trauner D, Rutter GA, Hodson DJ. Beta Cell Hubs Dictate Pancreatic Islet Responses to Glucose. Cell Metab 2016; 24:389-401. [PMID: 27452146 PMCID: PMC5031557 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The arrangement of β cells within islets of Langerhans is critical for insulin release through the generation of rhythmic activity. A privileged role for individual β cells in orchestrating these responses has long been suspected, but not directly demonstrated. We show here that the β cell population in situ is operationally heterogeneous. Mapping of islet functional architecture revealed the presence of hub cells with pacemaker properties, which remain stable over recording periods of 2 to 3 hr. Using a dual optogenetic/photopharmacological strategy, silencing of hubs abolished coordinated islet responses to glucose, whereas specific stimulation restored communication patterns. Hubs were metabolically adapted and targeted by both pro-inflammatory and glucolipotoxic insults to induce widespread β cell dysfunction. Thus, the islet is wired by hubs, whose failure may contribute to type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie R Johnston
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ryan K Mitchell
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Elizabeth Haythorne
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Maria Paiva Pessoa
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Francesca Semplici
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Jorge Ferrer
- Beta Cell Genome Regulation Lab, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute (HSR-DRI), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Domenico Bosco
- Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ekaterine Berishvili
- Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Philip Duncanson
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Michael Watkinson
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Johannes Broichhagen
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, and Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, and Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - David J Hodson
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK.
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30
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Brozzi F, Gerlo S, Grieco FA, Juusola M, Balhuizen A, Lievens S, Gysemans C, Bugliani M, Mathieu C, Marchetti P, Tavernier J, Eizirik DL. Ubiquitin D Regulates IRE1α/c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) Protein-dependent Apoptosis in Pancreatic Beta Cells. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:12040-56. [PMID: 27044747 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.704619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory cytokines contribute to pancreatic beta cell apoptosis in type 1 diabetes at least in part by inducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the consequent unfolded protein response (UPR). It remains to be determined what causes the transition from "physiological" to "apoptotic" UPR, but accumulating evidence indicates that signaling by the ER transmembrane protein IRE1α is critical for this transition. IRE1α activation is regulated by both intra-ER and cytosolic cues. We evaluated the role for the presently discovered cytokine-induced and IRE1α-interacting protein ubiquitin D (UBD) on the regulation of IRE1α and its downstream targets. UBD was identified by use of a MAPPIT (mammalian protein-protein interaction trap)-based IRE1α interactome screen followed by comparison against functional genomic analysis of human and rodent beta cells exposed to pro-inflammatory cytokines. Knockdown of UBD in human and rodent beta cells and detailed signal transduction studies indicated that UBD modulates cytokine-induced UPR/IRE1α activation and apoptosis. UBD expression is induced by the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and interferon (IFN)-γ in rat and human pancreatic beta cells, and it is also up-regulated in beta cells of inflamed islets from non-obese diabetic mice. UBD interacts with IRE1α in human and rodent beta cells, modulating IRE1α-dependent activation of JNK and cytokine-induced apoptosis. Our data suggest that UBD provides a negative feedback on cytokine-induced activation of the IRE1α/JNK pro-apoptotic pathway in cytokine-exposed beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Brozzi
- From the ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sarah Gerlo
- the Department of Medical Protein Research, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), 9000 Ghent, Belgium, the Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fabio Arturo Grieco
- From the ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matilda Juusola
- From the ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexander Balhuizen
- From the ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sam Lievens
- the Department of Medical Protein Research, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), 9000 Ghent, Belgium, the Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Conny Gysemans
- the Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KULeuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium, and
| | - Marco Bugliani
- the Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chantal Mathieu
- the Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KULeuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium, and
| | - Piero Marchetti
- the Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Jan Tavernier
- the Department of Medical Protein Research, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), 9000 Ghent, Belgium, the Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Décio L Eizirik
- From the ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium,
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Natalicchio A, Tortosa F, Labarbuta R, Biondi G, Marrano N, Carchia E, Leonardini A, Cignarelli A, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Fadini GP, Giorgio M, Avogaro A, Perrini S, Laviola L, Giorgino F. Erratum to: The p66Shc redox adaptor protein is induced by saturated fatty acids and mediates lipotoxicity-induced apoptosis in pancreatic beta cells. Diabetologia 2015; 58:2682. [PMID: 26324414 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3739-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Natalicchio
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Federica Tortosa
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Rossella Labarbuta
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Biondi
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Marrano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Anna Leonardini
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Cignarelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Medicine, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Giorgio
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Avogaro
- Department of Medicine, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Sebastio Perrini
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Laviola
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Giorgino
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
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32
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Martino L, Masini M, Bugliani M, Marselli L, Suleiman M, Boggi U, Nogueira TC, Filipponi F, Occhipinti M, Campani D, Dotta F, Syed F, Eizirik DL, Marchetti P, De Tata V. Mast cells infiltrate pancreatic islets in human type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2015; 58:2554-62. [PMID: 26276263 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3734-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Beta cell destruction in human type 1 diabetes occurs through the interplay of genetic and environmental factors, and is mediated by immune cell infiltration of pancreatic islets. In this study, we explored the role of mast cells as an additional agent in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes insulitis. METHODS Pancreatic tissue from donors without diabetes and with type 1 and 2 diabetes was studied using different microscopy techniques to identify islet-infiltrating cells. The direct effects of histamine exposure on isolated human islets and INS-1E cells were assessed using cell-survival studies and molecular mechanisms. RESULTS A larger number of mast cells were found to infiltrate pancreatic islets in samples from donors with type 1 diabetes, compared with those from donors without diabetes or with type 2 diabetes. Evidence of mast cell degranulation was observed, and the extent of the infiltration correlated with beta cell damage. Histamine, an amine that is found at high levels in mast cells, directly contributed to beta cell death in isolated human islets and INS-1E cells via a caspase-independent pathway. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These findings suggest that mast cells might be responsible, at least in part, for immune-mediated beta cell alterations in human type 1 diabetes. If this is the case, inhibition of mast cell activation and degranulation might act to protect beta cells in individuals with type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Martino
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matilde Masini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mara Suleiman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ugo Boggi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tatiane C Nogueira
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Franco Filipponi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Campani
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Dotta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Farooq Syed
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Tata
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
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Brozzi F, Nardelli TR, Lopes M, Millard I, Barthson J, Igoillo-Esteve M, Grieco FA, Villate O, Oliveira JM, Casimir M, Bugliani M, Engin F, Hotamisligil GS, Marchetti P, Eizirik DL. Cytokines induce endoplasmic reticulum stress in human, rat and mouse beta cells via different mechanisms. Diabetologia 2015; 58:2307-16. [PMID: 26099855 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3669-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Proinflammatory cytokines contribute to beta cell damage in type 1 diabetes in part through activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In rat beta cells, cytokine-induced ER stress involves NO production and consequent inhibition of the ER Ca(2+) transporting ATPase sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) pump 2 (SERCA2B). However, the mechanisms by which cytokines induce ER stress and apoptosis in mouse and human pancreatic beta cells remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the role of ER stress on cytokine-induced beta cell apoptosis in these three species and thus solve ongoing controversies in the field. METHODS Rat and mouse insulin-producing cells, human pancreatic islets and human EndoC-βH1 cells were exposed to the cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ, with or without NO inhibition. A global comparison of cytokine-modulated gene expression in human, mouse and rat beta cells was also performed. The chemical chaperone tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) and suppression of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) were used to assess the role of ER stress in cytokine-induced apoptosis of human beta cells. RESULTS NO plays a key role in cytokine-induced ER stress in rat islets, but not in mouse or human islets. Bioinformatics analysis indicated greater similarity between human and mouse than between human and rat global gene expression after cytokine exposure. The chemical chaperone TUDCA and suppression of CHOP or c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) protected human beta cells against cytokine-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These observations clarify previous results that were discrepant owing to the use of islets from different species, and confirm that cytokine-induced ER stress contributes to human beta cell death, at least in part via JNK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Brozzi
- ULB-Center for Diabetes Research, Universitè Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik, 808-CP618, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tarlliza R Nardelli
- ULB-Center for Diabetes Research, Universitè Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik, 808-CP618, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Miguel Lopes
- ULB-Center for Diabetes Research, Universitè Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik, 808-CP618, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Millard
- ULB-Center for Diabetes Research, Universitè Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik, 808-CP618, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jenny Barthson
- ULB-Center for Diabetes Research, Universitè Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik, 808-CP618, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mariana Igoillo-Esteve
- ULB-Center for Diabetes Research, Universitè Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik, 808-CP618, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fabio A Grieco
- ULB-Center for Diabetes Research, Universitè Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik, 808-CP618, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olatz Villate
- ULB-Center for Diabetes Research, Universitè Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik, 808-CP618, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joana M Oliveira
- ULB-Center for Diabetes Research, Universitè Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik, 808-CP618, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marina Casimir
- ULB-Center for Diabetes Research, Universitè Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik, 808-CP618, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Feyza Engin
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Gökhan S Hotamisligil
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- ULB-Center for Diabetes Research, Universitè Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik, 808-CP618, 1070, Brussels, Belgium.
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Syed F, Riggio C, Masini M, Bugliani M, Battaglia V, Novelli M, Suleiman M, Vittorio O, Boggi U, Filipponi F, Marselli L, Bartolozzi C, Masiello P, Raffa V, Marchetti P. Labeling and Tracking of Human Pancreatic Islets Using Carbon Nanotubes. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2015; 11:730-8. [PMID: 26310079 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2015.1952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Limited tools are available for the non-invasive monitoring of transplanted islets. In this study, we have compared the widely used superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle ferumoxide (Endorem) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) for islet cell labeling and tracking. INS-1 E cells and human pancreatic islets isolated from 12 non-diabetic cadaveric organ donors (age: 62 ±16 yr, BMI: 24.6 ± 3.3 kg/m2) were incubated with 50 μg/ml Endorem or 15 μg/ml MWCNTs and studied after 7 or 14 days to assess beta cell morphology, ultrastructure, function, cell survival and in-vitro and in-vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Light and electron (EM) microscopy showed the well-maintained morphology and ultrastructure of both INS-1 E and human islets during the incubation. EM also revealed the presence of Endorem and MWCNTs within the beta but not the alpha cells. The compounds did not affect beta cell function and viability, and in-vitro MRI showed that labeled INS-1 E cells and human islets could be imaged. Finally, MWCNT labeled human islets were successfully transplanted into the subcutis of rats localized in the desired site via magnetic field and tracked by MRI. These data suggest that MWCNTs can be an alternative labeling compound to be used with human islets for experimental and transplantation studies.
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Sebastiani G, Po A, Miele E, Ventriglia G, Ceccarelli E, Bugliani M, Marselli L, Marchetti P, Gulino A, Ferretti E, Dotta F. MicroRNA-124a is hyperexpressed in type 2 diabetic human pancreatic islets and negatively regulates insulin secretion. Acta Diabetol 2015; 52:523-30. [PMID: 25408296 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-014-0675-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS MicroRNAs are a class of negative regulators of gene expression, which have been shown to be involved in the development of endocrine pancreas and in the regulation of insulin secretion. Since type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by beta cell dysfunction, we aimed at evaluating expression levels of miR-124a and miR-375, both involved in the control of beta cell function, in human pancreatic islets obtained from T2D and from age-matched non-diabetic organ donors. METHODS We analyzed miR-124a and miR-375 expression by real-time qRT-PCR in human pancreatic islets and evaluated the potential role of miR-124a by overexpressing or silencing such miRNA in MIN6 pseudoislets. RESULTS We identified a major miR-124a hyperexpression in T2D human pancreatic islets with no differential expression of miR-375. Of note, miR-124a overexpression in MIN6 pseudoislets resulted in an impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion. In addition, miR-124a silencing in MIN6 pseudoislets resulted in increased expression of predicted target genes (Mtpn, Foxa2, Flot2, Akt3, Sirt1 and NeuroD1) involved in beta cell function. For Mtpn and Foxa2, we further demonstrated the actual binding of miR-124a to their 3UTR sequences by luciferase assay. CONCLUSIONS We uncovered a major hyperexpression of miR-124a in T2D islets, whose silencing resulted in increased expression of target genes of major importance for beta cell function and whose overexpression impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, leading to the hypothesis that an altered miR-124a expression may contribute to beta cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Sebastiani
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS, c/o Toscana Life Science Park, Siena, Italy,
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36
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Natalicchio A, Tortosa F, Labarbuta R, Biondi G, Marrano N, Carchia E, Leonardini A, Cignarelli A, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Fadini GP, Giorgio M, Avogaro A, Perrini S, Laviola L, Giorgino F. The p66(Shc) redox adaptor protein is induced by saturated fatty acids and mediates lipotoxicity-induced apoptosis in pancreatic beta cells. Diabetologia 2015; 58:1260-71. [PMID: 25810038 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3563-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The role of the redox adaptor protein p66(Shc) as a potential mediator of saturated fatty acid (FA)-induced beta cell death was investigated. METHODS The effects of the FA palmitate on p66(Shc) expression were evaluated in human and murine islets and in rat insulin-secreting INS-1E cells. p66(Shc) expression was also measured in islets from mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and from human donors with different BMIs. Cell apoptosis was quantified by two independent assays. The role of p66(Shc) was investigated using pancreatic islets from p66 (Shc-/-) mice and in INS-1E cells with knockdown of p66(Shc) or overexpression of wild-type and phosphorylation-defective p66(Shc). Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was evaluated by the dihydroethidium oxidation method. RESULTS Palmitate induced a selective increase in p66(Shc) protein expression and phosphorylation on Ser(36) and augmented apoptosis in human and mouse islets and in INS-1E cells. Inhibiting the tumour suppressor protein p53 prevented both the palmitate-induced increase in p66(Shc) expression and beta cell apoptosis. Palmitate-induced apoptosis was abrogated in islets from p66 (Shc-/-) mice and following p66 (Shc) knockdown in INS-1E cells; by contrast, overexpression of p66(Shc), but not that of the phosphorylation-defective p66(Shc) mutant, enhanced palmitate-induced apoptosis. The pro-apoptotic effects of p66(Shc) were dependent upon its c-Jun N-terminal kinase-mediated phosphorylation on Ser(36) and associated with generation of ROS. p66(Shc) protein expression and function were also elevated in islets from HFD-fed mice and from obese/overweight cadaveric human donors. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION p53-dependent augmentation of p66(Shc) expression and function represents a key signalling response contributing to beta cell apoptosis under conditions of lipotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Natalicchio
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
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37
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Oliveira AF, Cunha DA, Ladriere L, Igoillo-Esteve M, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Cnop M. In vitro use of free fatty acids bound to albumin: A comparison of protocols. Biotechniques 2015; 58:228-33. [PMID: 25967901 DOI: 10.2144/000114285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana F Oliveira
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daniel A Cunha
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Ladriere
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mariana Igoillo-Esteve
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Miriam Cnop
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
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38
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Broichhagen J, Frank JA, Johnston NR, Mitchell RK, Šmid K, Marchetti P, Bugliani M, Rutter GA, Trauner D, Hodson DJ. A red-shifted photochromic sulfonylurea for the remote control of pancreatic beta cell function. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:6018-21. [PMID: 25744824 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01224d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Azobenzene photoresponsive elements can be installed on sulfonylureas, yielding optical control over pancreatic beta cell function and insulin release. An obstacle to such photopharmacological approaches remains the use of ultraviolet-blue illumination. Herein, we synthesize and test a novel yellow light-activated sulfonylurea based on a heterocyclic azobenzene bearing a push-pull system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Broichhagen
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
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39
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Ciregia F, Giusti L, Ronci M, Bugliani M, Piga I, Pieroni L, Rossi C, Marchetti P, Urbani A, Lucacchini A. Glucagon-like peptide 1 protects INS-1E mitochondria against palmitate-mediated beta-cell dysfunction: a proteomic study. Mol BioSyst 2015; 11:1696-707. [DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00022j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Proteomic analysis of the protein expression profiles of enriched mitochondrial preparations of rat INS-1E β cells treated with palmitate in the presence and in the absence of GLP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ciregia
- Department of Pharmacy
- University of Pisa
- Pisa
- Italy
- Santa Lucia IRCCS Foundation
| | - Laura Giusti
- Department of Pharmacy
- University of Pisa
- Pisa
- Italy
| | - Maurizio Ronci
- Santa Lucia IRCCS Foundation
- Rome
- Italy
- Department of Medical
- Oral and Biotechnological Sciences
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- SOD Endocrinology and metabolism of organ and cell transplants-University of Pisa
- Pisa
- Italy
| | | | | | - Claudia Rossi
- Department of Medical
- Oral and Biotechnological Sciences
- University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara
- Chieti
- Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- SOD Endocrinology and metabolism of organ and cell transplants-University of Pisa
- Pisa
- Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Santa Lucia IRCCS Foundation
- Rome
- Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”
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40
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Chabosseau P, Tuncay E, Meur G, Bellomo EA, Hessels A, Hughes S, Johnson PRV, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Turan B, Lyon AR, Merkx M, Rutter GA. Mitochondrial and ER-targeted eCALWY probes reveal high levels of free Zn2+. ACS Chem Biol 2014; 9:2111-20. [PMID: 25011072 PMCID: PMC6101202 DOI: 10.1021/cb5004064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn2+) ions are increasingly recognized as playing an important role in cellular physiology. Whereas the free Zn2+ concentration in the cytosol has been established to be 0.1-1 nM, the free Zn2+ concentration in subcellular organelles is not well-established. Here, we extend the eCALWY family of genetically encoded Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) Zn2+ probes to permit measurements in the endo(sarco)plasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial matrix. Deployed in a variety of mammalian cell types, these probes reveal resting mitochondrial free [Zn2+] values of ∼300 pM, somewhat lower than in the cytosol but 3 orders of magnitude higher than recently reported using an alternative FRET-based sensor. By contrast, free ER [Zn2+] was found to be ≥5 nM, which is >5000-fold higher than recently reported but consistent with the proposed role of the ER as a mobilizable Zn2+ store. Treatment of β-cells or cardiomyocytes with sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase inhibitors, mobilization of ER Ca2+ after purinergic stimulation with ATP, or manipulation of ER redox, exerted no detectable effects on [Zn2+]ER. These findings question the previously proposed role of Ca2+ in Zn2+ mobilization from the ER and suggest that high ER Zn2+ levels may be an important aspect of cellular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Chabosseau
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Medicine, and ‡National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London , London, United Kingdom
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Hodson DJ, Mitchell RK, Marselli L, Pullen TJ, Gimeno Brias S, Semplici F, Everett KL, Cooper DMF, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Lavallard V, Bosco D, Piemonti L, Johnson PR, Hughes SJ, Li D, Li WH, Shapiro AMJ, Rutter GA. ADCY5 couples glucose to insulin secretion in human islets. Diabetes 2014; 63:3009-21. [PMID: 24740569 PMCID: PMC4141364 DOI: 10.2337/db13-1607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the ADCY5 gene, encoding adenylate cyclase 5, are associated with elevated fasting glucose and increased type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. Despite this, the mechanisms underlying the effects of these polymorphic variants at the level of pancreatic β-cells remain unclear. Here, we show firstly that ADCY5 mRNA expression in islets is lowered by the possession of risk alleles at rs11708067. Next, we demonstrate that ADCY5 is indispensable for coupling glucose, but not GLP-1, to insulin secretion in human islets. Assessed by in situ imaging of recombinant probes, ADCY5 silencing impaired glucose-induced cAMP increases and blocked glucose metabolism toward ATP at concentrations of the sugar >8 mmol/L. However, calcium transient generation and functional connectivity between individual human β-cells were sharply inhibited at all glucose concentrations tested, implying additional, metabolism-independent roles for ADCY5. In contrast, calcium rises were unaffected in ADCY5-depleted islets exposed to GLP-1. Alterations in β-cell ADCY5 expression and impaired glucose signaling thus provide a likely route through which ADCY5 gene polymorphisms influence fasting glucose levels and T2D risk, while exerting more minor effects on incretin action.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Hodson
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, U.K.
| | - Ryan K Mitchell
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, U.K
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Timothy J Pullen
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, U.K
| | - Silvia Gimeno Brias
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, U.K
| | - Francesca Semplici
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, U.K
| | - Katy L Everett
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | | | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vanessa Lavallard
- Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Domenico Bosco
- Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paul R Johnson
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. National Institute of Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, U.K
| | - Stephen J Hughes
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. National Institute of Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, U.K
| | - Daliang Li
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Wen-Hong Li
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A M James Shapiro
- Clinical Islet Laboratory and Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, U.K.
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Cnop M, Abdulkarim B, Bottu G, Cunha DA, Igoillo-Esteve M, Masini M, Turatsinze JV, Griebel T, Villate O, Santin I, Bugliani M, Ladriere L, Marselli L, McCarthy MI, Marchetti P, Sammeth M, Eizirik DL. RNA sequencing identifies dysregulation of the human pancreatic islet transcriptome by the saturated fatty acid palmitate. Diabetes 2014; 63:1978-93. [PMID: 24379348 DOI: 10.2337/db13-1383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and death are central in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Saturated fatty acids cause β-cell failure and contribute to diabetes development in genetically predisposed individuals. Here we used RNA sequencing to map transcripts expressed in five palmitate-treated human islet preparations, observing 1,325 modified genes. Palmitate induced fatty acid metabolism and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Functional studies identified novel mediators of adaptive ER stress signaling. Palmitate modified genes regulating ubiquitin and proteasome function, autophagy, and apoptosis. Inhibition of autophagic flux and lysosome function contributed to lipotoxicity. Palmitate inhibited transcription factors controlling β-cell phenotype, including PAX4 and GATA6. Fifty-nine T2D candidate genes were expressed in human islets, and 11 were modified by palmitate. Palmitate modified expression of 17 splicing factors and shifted alternative splicing of 3,525 transcripts. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of modified transcripts and genes confirmed that top changed functions related to cell death. Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) analysis of transcription factor binding sites in palmitate-modified transcripts revealed a role for PAX4, GATA, and the ER stress response regulators XBP1 and ATF6. This human islet transcriptome study identified novel mechanisms of palmitate-induced β-cell dysfunction and death. The data point to cross talk between metabolic stress and candidate genes at the β-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Cnop
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, BelgiumDivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Baroj Abdulkarim
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guy Bottu
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daniel A Cunha
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mariana Igoillo-Esteve
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matilde Masini
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Jean-Valery Turatsinze
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thasso Griebel
- Functional Bioinformatics, Centre Nacional d'Anàlisi Genòmica, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olatz Villate
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Izortze Santin
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laurence Ladriere
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, U.K.Oxford National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, U.K.Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Michael Sammeth
- Functional Bioinformatics, Centre Nacional d'Anàlisi Genòmica, Barcelona, SpainLaboratório Nacional de Computação Cientifica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Décio L Eizirik
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Cunha DA, Gurzov EN, Naamane N, Ortis F, Cardozo AK, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Eizirik DL, Cnop M. JunB protects β-cells from lipotoxicity via the XBP1-AKT pathway. Cell Death Differ 2014; 21:1313-24. [PMID: 24786832 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diets rich in saturated fats may contribute to the loss of pancreatic β-cells in type 2 diabetes. JunB, a member of the activating protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor family, promotes β-cell survival and mediates part of the beneficial effects of GLP-1 agonists. In this study we interrogated the molecular mechanisms involved in JunB-mediated β-cell protection from lipotoxicity. The saturated fatty acid palmitate decreased JunB expression, and this loss may contribute to β-cell apoptosis, as overexpression of JunB protected cells from lipotoxicity. Array analysis of JunB-deficient β-cells identified a gene expression signature of a downregulated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response and inhibited AKT signaling. JunB stimulates XBP1 expression via the transcription factor c/EBPδ during ER stress, and forced expression of XBP1s rescued the viability of JunB-deficient cells, constituting an important antiapoptotic mechanism. JunB silencing inhibited AKT activation and activated the proapoptotic Bcl-2 protein BAD via its dephosphorylation. BAD knockdown reversed lipotoxic β-cell death potentiated by JunB siRNA. Interestingly, XBP1s links JunB and AKT signaling as XBP1 knockdown also reduced AKT phosphorylation. GLP-1 agonists induced cAMP-dependent AKT phosphorylation leading to β-cell protection against palmitate-induced apoptosis. JunB and XBP1 knockdown or IRE1 inhibition decreased AKT activation by cAMP, leading to β-cell apoptosis. In conclusion, JunB modulates the β-cell ER stress response and AKT signaling via the induction of XBP1s. The activation of the JunB gene network and the crosstalk between the ER stress and AKT pathway constitute a crucial defense mechanism by which GLP-1 agonists protect against lipotoxic β-cell death. These findings elucidate novel β-cell-protective signal transduction in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Cunha
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and ULB Center of Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E N Gurzov
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and ULB Center of Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - N Naamane
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and ULB Center of Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Ortis
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and ULB Center of Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A K Cardozo
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and ULB Center of Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Bugliani
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - P Marchetti
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - D L Eizirik
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and ULB Center of Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Cnop
- 1] Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and ULB Center of Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium [2] Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Hodson DJ, Tarasov AI, Gimeno Brias S, Mitchell RK, Johnston NR, Haghollahi S, Cane MC, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Bosco D, Johnson PR, Hughes SJ, Rutter GA. Incretin-modulated beta cell energetics in intact islets of Langerhans. Mol Endocrinol 2014; 28:860-71. [PMID: 24766140 PMCID: PMC4042069 DOI: 10.1210/me.2014-1038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Incretins such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) are released from the gut and potentiate insulin release in a glucose-dependent manner. Although this action is generally believed to hinge on cAMP and protein kinase A signaling, up-regulated beta cell intermediary metabolism may also play a role in incretin-stimulated insulin secretion. By employing recombinant probes to image ATP dynamically in situ within intact mouse and human islets, we sought to clarify the role of GLP-1-modulated energetics in beta cell function. Using these techniques, we show that GLP-1 engages a metabolically coupled subnetwork of beta cells to increase cytosolic ATP levels, an action independent of prevailing energy status. We further demonstrate that the effects of GLP-1 are accompanied by alterations in the mitochondrial inner membrane potential and, at elevated glucose concentration, depend upon GLP-1 receptor-directed calcium influx through voltage-dependent calcium channels. Lastly, and highlighting critical species differences, beta cells within mouse but not human islets respond coordinately to incretin stimulation. Together, these findings suggest that GLP-1 alters beta cell intermediary metabolism to influence ATP dynamics in a species-specific manner, and this may contribute to divergent regulation of the incretin-axis in rodents and man.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Hodson
- Section of Cell Biology, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine (D.J.H, A.I.T., S.G.B., R.K.M., N.R.J., S.H., M.C.C., G.A.R.), Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (M.B., P.M.), University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery (D.B.), Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, & Metabolism (P.R.J., S.J.H.), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, United Kingdom; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre (P.R.J., S.J.H.), Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LE, United Kingdom; and Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences (P.R.J., S.J.H.), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
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45
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Masini M, Anello M, Bugliani M, Marselli L, Filipponi F, Boggi U, Purrello F, Occhipinti M, Martino L, Marchetti P, De Tata V. Prevention by metformin of alterations induced by chronic exposure to high glucose in human islet beta cells is associated with preserved ATP/ADP ratio. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2014; 104:163-70. [PMID: 24462282 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM We have explored whether the insulin secretory defects induced by glucotoxicity in human pancreatic islets could be prevented by metformin and investigated some of the possible mechanisms involved. METHODS Human pancreatic islets and INS-1E cells were cultured for 24h with or without high glucose (16.7mM) concentration in the presence or absence of therapeutical concentration of metformin and then glucose-stimulated insulin release, adenine nucleotide levels and mitochondrial complex I and II activities were measured. Islet ultrastructure was analyzed by electron microscopy. RESULTS Compared to control islets, human islets cultured with high glucose showed a reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion that was associated with lower ATP levels and a lower ATP/ADP ratio. These functional and biochemical defects were significantly prevented by the presence of metformin in the culture medium, that was also able to significantly inhibit the activity of mitochondrial complex I especially in beta cells exposed to high glucose. Ultrastructural observations showed that mitochondrial volume density was significantly increased in high glucose cultured islets. The critical involvement of mitochondria was further supported by the observation of remarkably swollen organelles with dispersed matrix and fragmented cristae. Metformin was able to efficiently prevent the appearance of all these ultrastructural alterations in human islets exposed to high glucose. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that the functional, biochemical and ultrastructural abnormalities observed in human islet cells exposed to glucotoxic condition can be significantly prevented by metformin, further highlighting a direct beneficial effect of this drug on the insulin secreting human pancreatic beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Masini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - M Anello
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Italy
| | - M Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - L Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - F Filipponi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Medicine, Molecular and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - U Boggi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Medicine, Molecular and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - F Purrello
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Italy
| | - M Occhipinti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - L Martino
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - P Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - V De Tata
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy.
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46
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Wolden-Kirk H, Rondas D, Bugliani M, Korf H, Van Lommel L, Brusgaard K, Christesen HT, Schuit F, Proost P, Masini M, Marchetti P, Eizirik DL, Overbergh L, Mathieu C. Discovery of molecular pathways mediating 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 protection against cytokine-induced inflammation and damage of human and male mouse islets of Langerhans. Endocrinology 2014; 155:736-47. [PMID: 24424042 DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Protection against insulitis and diabetes by active vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), in nonobese diabetic mice has until now mainly been attributed to its immunomodulatory effects, but also protective effects of this hormone on inflammation-induced β-cell death have been reported. The aim of this study was to clarify the molecular mechanisms by which 1,25(OH)2D3 contributes to β-cell protection against cytokine-induced β-cell dysfunction and death. Human and mouse islets were exposed to IL-1β and interferon-γ in the presence or absence of 1,25(OH)2D3. Effects on insulin secretion and β-cell survival were analyzed by glucose-stimulated insulin release and electron microscopy or Hoechst/propidium iodide staining, respectively. Gene expression profiles were assessed by Affymetrix microarrays. Nuclear factor-κB activity was tested, whereas effects on secreted chemokines/cytokines were confirmed by ELISA and migration studies. Cytokine exposure caused a significant increase in β-cell apoptosis, which was almost completely prevented by 1,25(OH)2D3. In addition, 1,25(OH)2D3 restored insulin secretion from cytokine-exposed islets. Microarray analysis of murine islets revealed that the expression of approximately 4000 genes was affected by cytokines after 6 and 24 hours (n = 4; >1.3-fold; P < .02), of which nearly 250 genes were modified by 1,25(OH)2D3. These genes belong to functional groups involved in immune response, chemotaxis, cell death, and pancreatic β-cell function/phenotype. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate a direct protective effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 against inflammation-induced β-cell dysfunction and death in human and murine islets, with, in particular, alterations in chemokine production by the islets. These effects may contribute to the beneficial effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 against the induction of autoimmune diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wolden-Kirk
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology (H.W.-K., D.R., H.K., L.O., C.M.), University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Gene Expression Unit (L.V.L., F.S.), Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology (P.P.), B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital (H.W.-K., H.T.C.) and Department of Clinical Genetics (K.B., D.L.E.), Odense University Hospital, DK-5000, Odense, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (M.B., P.M.), Metabolic Unit, and Department of General Pathology (M.M.), University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; and Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (D.L.E.), Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
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Marselli L, Suleiman M, Masini M, Campani D, Bugliani M, Syed F, Martino L, Focosi D, Scatena F, Olimpico F, Filipponi F, Masiello P, Boggi U, Marchetti P. Are we overestimating the loss of beta cells in type 2 diabetes? Diabetologia 2014; 57:362-5. [PMID: 24233056 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-3098-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Previous work has demonstrated that beta cell amount (whether measured as beta cell mass, beta cell volume or insulin-positive area) is decreased in type 2 diabetes; however, recent findings suggest that mechanisms other than death may contribute to beta cell failure in this disease. To better characterise beta cell mass and function in type 2 diabetes, we performed morphological, ultra-structural and functional studies using histological samples and isolated islets. METHODS Pancreases from ten non-diabetic (ND) and ten matched type 2 diabetic organ donors were studied by insulin, glucagon and chromogranin A immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy (EM). Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was assessed using isolated islets and studies were performed using independent ND islet preparations after 24 h exposure to 22.2 mmol/l glucose. RESULTS Immunocytochemistry showed that the fractional islet insulin-positive area was lower in type 2 diabetic islets (54.9 ± 6.3% vs 72.1 ± 8.7%, p < 0.01), whereas glucagon (23.3 ± 5.4% vs 20.2 ± 5.3%) and chromogranin A (86.4 ± 6.1% vs 89.0 ± 5.5%) staining was similar between the two groups. EM showed that the proportion of beta cells in type 2 diabetic islets was only marginally decreased; marked beta cell degranulation was found in diabetic beta cells; these findings were all reproduced after exposing isolated ND islets to high glucose. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was 40–50% lower from type 2 diabetic islets (p < 0.01), which again was mimicked by culturing non-diabetic islets in high glucose. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These results suggest that, at least in subgroups of type 2 diabetic patients, the loss of beta cells as assessed so far might be overestimated, possibly due to changes in beta cell phenotype other than death, also contributing to beta cell failure in type 2 diabetes.
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Federico G, Focosi D, Marchi B, Randazzo E, De Donno M, Vierucci F, Bugliani M, Campi F, Scatena F, Saggese G, Mathieu C, Marchetti P. Administering 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in vitamin D-deficient young type 1A diabetic patients reduces reactivity against islet autoantigens. Clin Nutr 2014; 33:1153-6. [PMID: 24461876 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We investigated whether improving 25-hydroxyvitamin D status in young type 1A diabetic patients reduces reactivity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells against islet autoantigens and associates with beta-cell functional changes. METHODS Eight patients with 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml), out of 15 consecutive young type 1A diabetic subjects received 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 to achieve and maintain levels above 50 ng/ml for up to one year. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell reactivity (Interferon-γ spots) against beta-cell autoantigens (glutamic acid decarboxylase 65-kD isoform, proinsulin and tyrosine phosphatase-like protein IA-2) and C-peptide during mixed meal were assessed before and after 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 replenishment. RESULTS Target 25-hydroxyvitamin D blood levels were safely reached and maintained. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell reactivity against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65-kD isoform (3.8 ± 4.0 vs. 45 ± 16) and proinsulin (3.5 ± 3.2 vs. 75 ± 51) decreased significantly (p < 0.001 and p < 0.02) upon 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 replenishment, which was correlated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. C-peptide values remained stable after one year of treatment. CONCLUSIONS Safely restored and maintained 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels associated with reduced peripheral blood mononuclear cell reactivity against beta-cell autoantigens with no significant decrease of beta-cell function in this cohort of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Federico
- Sezione di Diabetologia Pediatrica, U.O. Pediatria Universitaria, Dipartimento Materno Infantile, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Italy.
| | - D Focosi
- U.O. Medicina Trasfusionale e Biologia dei Trapianti, Dipartimento di Oncologia, dei Trapianti e delle Nuove Tecnologie, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Italy
| | - B Marchi
- Sezione di Diabetologia Pediatrica, U.O. Pediatria Universitaria, Dipartimento Materno Infantile, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Italy
| | - E Randazzo
- Sezione di Diabetologia Pediatrica, U.O. Pediatria Universitaria, Dipartimento Materno Infantile, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Italy
| | - M De Donno
- U.O. Medicina Trasfusionale e Biologia dei Trapianti, Dipartimento di Oncologia, dei Trapianti e delle Nuove Tecnologie, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Italy
| | - F Vierucci
- Sezione di Diabetologia Pediatrica, U.O. Pediatria Universitaria, Dipartimento Materno Infantile, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Italy
| | - M Bugliani
- Sezione di Endocrinologia e Metabolismo dei Trapianti d'Organo e Cellulari, Dipartimento di Oncologia, dei Trapianti e delle Nuove tecnologie, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Italy
| | - F Campi
- U.O. Malattie Metaboliche e Endocrinologia, Dipartimento di Area Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Scatena
- U.O. Medicina Trasfusionale e Biologia dei Trapianti, Dipartimento di Oncologia, dei Trapianti e delle Nuove Tecnologie, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Italy
| | - G Saggese
- Sezione di Diabetologia Pediatrica, U.O. Pediatria Universitaria, Dipartimento Materno Infantile, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Italy
| | - C Mathieu
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - P Marchetti
- Sezione di Endocrinologia e Metabolismo dei Trapianti d'Organo e Cellulari, Dipartimento di Oncologia, dei Trapianti e delle Nuove tecnologie, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Italy
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Bugliani M, Syed F, Masini M, Marselli L, Suleiman M, Novelli M, Filipponi F, Boggi U, Masiello P, De Tata V, Marchetti P. Direct effects of rosuvastatin on pancreatic human beta cells. Acta Diabetol 2013; 50:983-5. [PMID: 23503985 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-013-0465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bugliani
- Islet Cell Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa, 2, 56124, Pisa, PI, Italy,
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Hodson DJ, Mitchell RK, Bellomo EA, Sun G, Vinet L, Meda P, Li D, Li WH, Bugliani M, Marchetti P, Bosco D, Piemonti L, Johnson P, Hughes SJ, Rutter GA. Lipotoxicity disrupts incretin-regulated human β cell connectivity. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:4182-94. [PMID: 24018562 DOI: 10.1172/jci68459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β cell dysfunction is pathognomonic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is driven by environmental and genetic factors. β cell responses to glucose and to incretins such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are altered in the disease state. While rodent β cells act as a coordinated syncytium to drive insulin release, this property is unexplored in human islets. In situ imaging approaches were therefore used to monitor in real time the islet dynamics underlying hormone release. We found that GLP-1 and GIP recruit a highly coordinated subnetwork of β cells that are targeted by lipotoxicity to suppress insulin secretion. Donor BMI was negatively correlated with subpopulation responses to GLP-1, suggesting that this action of incretin contributes to functional β cell mass in vivo. Conversely, exposure of mice to a high-fat diet unveiled a role for incretin in maintaining coordinated islet activity, supporting the existence of species-specific strategies to maintain normoglycemia. These findings demonstrate that β cell connectedness is an inherent property of human islets that is likely to influence incretin-potentiated insulin secretion and may be perturbed by diabetogenic insults to disrupt glucose homeostasis in humans.
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