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Barus R, Jouvray M, Gautier S, Potey C. Rosuvastatin-Induced Dysarthria: An Unusual Drug Reaction. Ann Pharmacother 2022; 56:1382-1383. [PMID: 35392669 DOI: 10.1177/10600280221085816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Axelsson SFA, Horst NK, Horiguchi N, Roberts AC, Robbins TW. Flexible versus Fixed Spatial Self-Ordered Response Sequencing: Effects of Inactivation and Neurochemical Modulation of Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex. J Neurosci 2021; 41:7246-7258. [PMID: 34261701 PMCID: PMC8387118 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0227-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, studies using human neuroimaging and excitotoxic lesions in non-human primate have demonstrated an important role of ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) in higher order cognitive functions such as cognitive flexibility and the planning of behavioral sequences. In the present experiments, we tested effects on performance of temporary inactivation (using GABA receptor agonists) and dopamine (DA) D2 and 5-HT2A-receptor (R) blockade of vlPFC via local intracerebral infusions in the marmoset. We trained common marmosets to perform spatial self-ordered sequencing tasks in which one cohort of animals performed two and three response sequences on a continuously varying spatial array of response options on a touch-sensitive screen. Inactivation of vlPFC produced a marked disruption of accuracy of sequencing which also exhibited significant error perseveration. There were somewhat contrasting effects of D2 and 5-HT2A-R blockade, with the former producing error perseveration on incorrect trials, though not significantly impairing accuracy overall, and the latter significantly impairing accuracy but not error perseveration. A second cohort of marmosets were directly compared on performance of fixed versus variable spatial arrays. Inactivation of vlPFC again impaired self-ordered sequencing, but only with varying, and not fixed spatial arrays, the latter leading to the consistent use of fewer, preferred sequences. These findings add to evidence that vlPFC is implicated in goal-directed behavior that requires higher-order response heuristics that can be applied flexibly over different (variable), as compared with fixed stimulus exemplars. They also show that dopaminergic and serotonergic chemomodulation has distinctive effects on such performance.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This investigation employing local intracerebral infusions to inactivate the lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the New World marmoset reveals the important role of this region in self-ordered response sequencing in variable but not fixed spatial arrays. These novel findings emphasize the higher order functions of this region, contributing to cognitive flexibility and planning of goal directed behavior. The investigation also reports for the first time somewhat contrasting neuromodulatory deficits produced by infusions of dopamine (DA) D2 and 5-HT2A receptor (R) antagonists into the same region, of possible significance for understanding cognitive deficits produced by anti-psychotic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F A Axelsson
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
| | - N K Horst
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
| | - Naotaka Horiguchi
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
| | - A C Roberts
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
| | - T W Robbins
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
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Madden JT, Reyna NC, Goranson EV, Gonzalez TA, Zavala AR, Pentkowski NS. Blocking serotonin 2A (5-HT 2A) receptors attenuates the acquisition of methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference in adult female rats. Behav Brain Res 2021; 415:113521. [PMID: 34391796 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine withdrawal can induce intense cravings leading to relapse. Contexts/cues paired with chronic methamphetamine use develop incentive motivational properties, promoting future drug-seeking and taking behavior. Research has shown that, in adult male rats, the selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonist M100907 attenuates the acquisition of methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP), a measure that examines conditioned associations between the rewarding properties of drugs and contexts. However, these findings have not been extended to adult female rats. The present study investigated the effects of M100907 on the acquisition of methamphetamine-CPP in adult female rats. During conditioning, rats were administered M100907 (0, 0.025, 0.25 mg/kg, i.p.) 15 min before methamphetamine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) and then placed into their initially non-preferred chamber for 30 min, or administered saline and placed into their initially preferred chamber for 30 min. Conditioning sessions were separated by four hours. Following four days of conditioning, the effects of M100907 on the acquisition of methamphetamine-CPP were assessed during a 15 min drug-free test trial. Pretreatment with M100907 dose-dependently attenuated the acquisition of methamphetamine-induced CPP. Blocking 5-HT2A receptors with a low dose of the selective antagonist M100907 attenuated the rewarding effects of methamphetamine in adult female rats. These data provide further evidence that the 5-HT2A receptor subtype is involved in the behavioral effects of methamphetamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Madden
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Nicole C Reyna
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Emerald V Goranson
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Tiffany A Gonzalez
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, USA
| | - Arturo R Zavala
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, USA
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Andreazza F, Valbon WR, Wang Q, Liu F, Xu P, Bandason E, Chen M, Wu S, Smith LB, Scott JG, Jiang Y, Jiang D, Zhang A, Oliveira EE, Dong K. Sodium channel activation underlies transfluthrin repellency in Aedes aegypti. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009546. [PMID: 34237076 PMCID: PMC8266078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Volatile pyrethroid insecticides, such as transfluthrin, have received increasing attention for their potent repellent activities in recent years for controlling human disease vectors. It has been long understood that pyrethroids kill insects by promoting activation and inhibiting inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels. However, the mechanism of pyrethroid repellency remains poorly understood and controversial. Methodology/Principal findings Here, we show that transfluthrin repels Aedes aegypti in a hand-in-cage assay at nonlethal concentrations as low as 1 ppm. Contrary to a previous report, transfluthrin does not elicit any electroantennogram (EAG) responses, indicating that it does not activate olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). The 1S-cis isomer of transfluthrin, which does not activate sodium channels, does not elicit repellency. Mutations in the sodium channel gene that reduce the potency of transfluthrin on sodium channels decrease transfluthrin repellency but do not affect repellency by DEET. Furthermore, transfluthrin enhances DEET repellency. Conclusions/Significance These results provide a surprising example that sodium channel activation alone is sufficient to potently repel mosquitoes. Our findings of sodium channel activation as the principal mechanism of transfluthrin repellency and potentiation of DEET repellency have broad implications in future development of a new generation of dual-target repellent formulations to more effectively repel a variety of human disease vectors. Vector-transmitted human diseases, such as dengue fever, represent serious global health burdens. Pyrethroids, including transfluthrin, are widely used as insecticides and repellents due to their low mammalian toxicity and relatively benign environmental impact. Pyrethroids target voltage-gated sodium channels for their insecticidal action. However, the mechanism of pyrethroid repellency remains unclear and controversial. Insect repellency is traditionally thought to be mediated by olfactory receptors. We made two important discoveries in this study, showing that transfluthrin repellency is via activation of sodium channels and transfluthrin enhances DEET repellency. Discovery of sodium channel activation as a major mechanism of pyrethroid repellency has broad significance in insect olfaction study, repellents development, and control of human disease vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Andreazza
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Wilson R. Valbon
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Bandason
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Mengli Chen
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaoying Wu
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Leticia B. Smith
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey G. Scott
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Youfa Jiang
- Jiangsu Yangnong Chemical Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, China
| | - Dingxin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center-West, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Eugenio E. Oliveira
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Ke Dong
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Tambwe MM, Saddler A, Kibondo UA, Mashauri R, Kreppel KS, Govella NJ, Moore SJ. Semi-field evaluation of the exposure-free mosquito electrocuting trap and BG-Sentinel trap as an alternative to the human landing catch for measuring the efficacy of transfluthrin emanators against Aedes aegypti. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:265. [PMID: 34016149 PMCID: PMC8138975 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04754-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human landing catch (HLC) measures human exposure to mosquito bites and evaluates the efficacy of vector control tools. However, it may expose volunteers to potentially infected mosquitoes. The mosquito electrocuting trap (MET) and BG-Sentinel traps (BGS) represent alternative, exposure-free methods for sampling host-seeking mosquitoes. This study investigates whether these methods can be effectively used as alternatives to HLC for measuring the efficacy of transfluthrin emanator against Aedes aegypti. METHODS The protective efficacy (PE) of freestanding passive transfluthrin emanators (FTPEs), measured by HLC, MET and BGS, was compared in no-choice and choice tests. The collection methods were conducted 2 m from an experimental hut with FTPEs positioned at 3 m on either side of them. For the choice experiment, a competitor HLC was included 10 m from the first collection point. One hundred laboratory-reared Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were released and collected for 3 consecutive h. RESULTS In the no-choice test, each method measured similar PE: HLC: 66% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 50-82), MET: 55% (95% CI: 48-63) and BGS: 64% (95% CI: 54-73). The proportion of mosquitoes recaptured was consistent between methods (20-24%) in treatment and varied (47-71%) in the control. However, in choice tests, the PE measured by each method varied: HLC: 37% (95% CI: 25-50%), MET: 76% (95% CI: 61-92) and BGS trap: 0% (95% CI: 0-100). Recaptured mosquitoes were no longer consistent between methods in treatment (2-26%) and remained variable in the control (7-42%). FTPE provided 50% PE to the second HLC 10 m away. In the control, the MET and the BGS were less efficacious in collecting mosquitoes in the presence of a second HLC. CONCLUSIONS Measuring the PE in isolation was fairly consistent for HLC, MET and BGS. Because HLC is not advisable, it is reasonable to use either MET or BGS as a proxy for HLC for testing volatile pyrethroid (VP) in areas of active arbovirus-endemic areas. The presence of a human host in close proximity invalidated the PE estimates from BGS and METs. Findings also indicated that transfluthrin can protect multiple people in the peridomestic area and that at short range mosquitoes select humans over the BGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mgeni M. Tambwe
- Vector Control Product Testing Unit, Ifakara Health Institute, Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences, P.O. Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania
- Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adam Saddler
- Vector Control Product Testing Unit, Ifakara Health Institute, Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences, P.O. Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania
- Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
| | - Ummi Abdul Kibondo
- Vector Control Product Testing Unit, Ifakara Health Institute, Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences, P.O. Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania
| | - Rajabu Mashauri
- Vector Control Product Testing Unit, Ifakara Health Institute, Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences, P.O. Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania
| | - Katharina S. Kreppel
- Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Tengeru, Tanzania
| | - Nicodem J. Govella
- Vector Control Product Testing Unit, Ifakara Health Institute, Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences, P.O. Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania
- Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Tengeru, Tanzania
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Graham Kerr Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - Sarah J. Moore
- Vector Control Product Testing Unit, Ifakara Health Institute, Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences, P.O. Box 74, Bagamoyo, Tanzania
- Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
- Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Tengeru, Tanzania
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Usmani S, Mushtaq N, Ul-Haq Z, Anwer L, Ahmed A, Asghar S, Munawar R. Computation-based experimentation: Identification of piperazine containing antidepressants. Pak J Pharm Sci 2021; 34:1089-1096. [PMID: 34602437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Depression, a common mental disorder, is one of the major contributors to the overall global burden with more than 264 million individuals affected worldwide. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) have well-known efficacy for treating depression and other related disorders. Herein we report the implementation of extensive in-silico calculations to predict the mono-amine inhibitory potential of an in-house library of piperazine-based compounds. In this connection, a multistep virtual screening protocol based on pharmacophore modeling, molecular docking and Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) was carried out by MOE. Further, to assess its ability to cross the blood brain barrier, ADME properties of the compounds were predicted. Compounds predicted the highest enzyme inhibition by QSAR was synthesized for experimental validation. Both the synthesized compounds (I15 and I21) presented good strength against Monoamine Oxidase in in vitro enzyme inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Usmani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Pakistan/ Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (IPS), Jinnah Sindh Medical University (JSMU)
| | - Nousheen Mushtaq
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine & Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical & Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Laila Anwer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ahsaan Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Pakistan/ Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (IPS), Jinnah Sindh Medical University (JSMU)
| | - Saira Asghar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rabya Munawar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Dow College of Pharmacy, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
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Bibbs CS, Kaufman PE, Xue RD. Adulticidal Efficacy and Sublethal Effects of Metofluthrin in Residual Insecticide Blends Against Wild Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae). J Econ Entomol 2021; 114:928-936. [PMID: 33503251 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Field development for optimizing the use patterns of spatial repellents are an ongoing research need. To investigate volatile pyrethroids in blends containing multiple active ingredients, metofluthrin was formulated into a vegetation spray for application to foliage and mosquito harborage. Metofluthrin was compared by itself and in combination with Sector (permethrin), Hyperion (sumithrin), Onslaught Fast Cap (s-fenvalerate, prallethrin), and against a benchmark for comparison, OneGuard (λ-cyhalothrin, prallethrin, pyriproxyfen). Field sites with established Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) populations were allocated as control and treatment and surveilled with both adult traps and oviposition cups before and after treatment. Adult mosquito reductions were consistently higher over 4 wk in the combination treatments and were comparable to OneGuard. In contrast, efficacy provided by metofluthrin alone or the standalone existing product (Sector, Hyperion, Onslaught) by were consistently less effective than OneGuard and the comparative blends. Additionally, poorly melanized and collapsing eggs were identified from mosquito adults collected at treated field sites. A 20-50% significant decrease in nonviable mosquito eggs, a 50% or more reduction in total eggs and an 80% or more reduction in adult mosquitoes collected at the local field sites was demonstrated across all metofluthrin-containing treatments. Metofluthrin applications both supplemented the adulticidal control of the selected pyrethroid-containing products and provided significant reduction in egg laying frequency and viability during monitoring of areas adjacent to the treated vegetation. Metofluthrin, and possibly other volatile ingredients, appears to have complex interactions for mosquito control in the field and could be unique as a supporting ingredient to other insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Bibbs
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Anastasia Mosquito Control District, St. Augustine, FL
| | - Phillip E Kaufman
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Rui-De Xue
- Anastasia Mosquito Control District, St. Augustine, FL
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Sukkanon C, Tisgratog R, Muenworn V, Bangs MJ, Hii J, Chareonviriyaphap T. Field Evaluation of a Spatial Repellent Emanation Vest for Personal Protection Against Outdoor Biting Mosquitoes. J Med Entomol 2021; 58:756-766. [PMID: 33078838 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Exophilic vectors are an important contributor to residual malaria transmission. Wearable spatial repellents (SR) can potentially provide personal protection in early evening hours before people retire indoors. An SR prototype for passive delivery of transfluthrin (TFT) for protecting humans against nocturnal mosquitoes in Kanchanaburi, western Thailand, is evaluated. A plastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) sheet (676 cm2) treated with 55-mg TFT (TFT-PET), attached to the back of short-sleeve vest worn by human collector, was evaluated under semifield and outdoor conditions. Field-caught, nonblood-fed female Anopheles minimus s.l. were released in a 40 m length, semifield screened enclosure. Two collectors positioned at opposite ends conducted 12-h human-landing collections (HLC). The outdoor experiment was conducted between treatments among four collectors at four equidistant positions who performed HLC. Both trials were conducted for 30 consecutive nights. TFT-PET provided 67% greater protection (P < 0.001) for 12 h compared with unprotected control, a threefold reduction in the attack. In outdoor trials, TFT-PET provided only 16% protection against An. harrisoni Harbach & Manguin (Diptera: Culicidae) compared with unprotected collector (P = 0.0213). The TFT-PET vest reduced nonanophelines landing by 1.4-fold compared with the PET control with a 29% protective efficacy. These findings suggest that TFT-PET had diminished protective efficacy in an open field environment. Nonetheless, the concept of a wearable TFT emanatory device has the potential for protecting against outdoor biting mosquitoes. Further development of portable SR tools is required, active ingredient selection and dose optimization, and more suitable device design and materials for advancing product feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutipong Sukkanon
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rungarun Tisgratog
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vithee Muenworn
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Michael J Bangs
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Public Health & Malaria Control, PT Freeport Indonesia/International SOS, Kuala Kencana, Papua, Indonesia
| | - Jeffrey Hii
- Malaria Consortium Asia Regional Office, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
- College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, North Queensland, QLD, Australia
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Denz A, Njoroge MM, Tambwe MM, Champagne C, Okumu F, van Loon JJA, Hiscox A, Saddler A, Fillinger U, Moore SJ, Chitnis N. Predicting the impact of outdoor vector control interventions on malaria transmission intensity from semi-field studies. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:64. [PMID: 33472661 PMCID: PMC7819244 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04560-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Semi-field experiments with human landing catch (HLC) measure as the outcome are an important step in the development of novel vector control interventions against outdoor transmission of malaria since they provide good estimates of personal protection. However, it is often infeasible to determine whether the reduction in HLC counts is due to mosquito mortality or repellency, especially considering that spatial repellents based on volatile pyrethroids might induce both. Due to the vastly different impact of repellency and mortality on transmission, the community-level impact of spatial repellents can not be estimated from such semi-field experiments. METHODS We present a new stochastic model that is able to estimate for any product inhibiting outdoor biting, its repelling effect versus its killing and disarming (preventing host-seeking until the next night) effects, based only on time-stratified HLC data from controlled semi-field experiments. For parameter inference, a Bayesian hierarchical model is used to account for nightly variation of semi-field experimental conditions. We estimate the impact of the products on the vectorial capacity of the given Anopheles species using an existing mathematical model. With this methodology, we analysed data from recent semi-field studies in Kenya and Tanzania on the impact of transfluthrin-treated eave ribbons, the odour-baited Suna trap and their combination (push-pull system) on HLC of Anopheles arabiensis in the peridomestic area. RESULTS Complementing previous analyses of personal protection, we found that the transfluthrin-treated eave ribbons act mainly by killing or disarming mosquitoes. Depending on the actual ratio of disarming versus killing, the vectorial capacity of An. arabiensis is reduced by 41 to 96% at 70% coverage with the transfluthrin-treated eave ribbons and by 38 to 82% at the same coverage with the push-pull system, under the assumption of a similar impact on biting indoors compared to outdoors. CONCLUSIONS The results of this analysis of semi-field data suggest that transfluthrin-treated eave ribbons are a promising tool against malaria transmission by An. arabiensis in the peridomestic area, since they provide both personal and community protection. Our modelling framework can estimate the community-level impact of any tool intervening during the mosquito host-seeking state using data from only semi-field experiments with time-stratified HLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Denz
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051, Basel, Switzerland.
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Margaret M Njoroge
- Human Health Theme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mgeni M Tambwe
- Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, Ifakara Health Institute, P.O. Box 53, Ifakara, Tanzania
| | - Clara Champagne
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fredros Okumu
- Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, Ifakara Health Institute, P.O. Box 53, Ifakara, Tanzania
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Joop J A van Loon
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Hiscox
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- ARCTEC, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, WC1E 7HT, London, UK
| | - Adam Saddler
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, Basel, Switzerland
- Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, Ifakara Health Institute, P.O. Box 53, Ifakara, Tanzania
| | - Ulrike Fillinger
- Human Health Theme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sarah J Moore
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, Basel, Switzerland
- Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, Ifakara Health Institute, P.O. Box 53, Ifakara, Tanzania
| | - Nakul Chitnis
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, Basel, Switzerland
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10
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Odland AU, Kristensen JL, Andreasen JT. Investigating the role of 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptor activation in the effects of psilocybin, DOI, and citalopram on marble burying in mice. Behav Brain Res 2020; 401:113093. [PMID: 33359368 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.113093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Psychedelic drugs acting as 5-hydroxyptryptamine 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) agonists have shown promise as viable treatments of psychiatric disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder. The marble burying test is a test of compulsive-like behavior in mice, and psychedelics acting as 5-HT2AR agonists can reduce digging in this test. We assessed the 5-HT2R contribution to the mechanisms of two 5-HT2A agonists on digging behavior in female NMRI mice, using citalopram as a reference compound. While the 5-HT2AR antagonist M100907 blocked the effect of DOI and the 5-HT2CR antagonist SB242084 blocked the effect of citalopram, neither antagonist blocked the effect of psilocybin. This study confirms 5-HT2AR agonism as a mechanism for reduced compulsive-like digging in the MB test and suggests that 5-HT2A and 5-HT2CRs can work in parallel on this type of behavior. Our results with psilocybin suggest that a 5-HT2R-independent mechanism also contributes to the effect of psilocybin on repetitive digging behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna U Odland
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Jesper L Kristensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Jesper T Andreasen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark.
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11
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ten Bosch QA, Wagman JM, Castro-Llanos F, Achee NL, Grieco JP, Perkins TA. Community-level impacts of spatial repellents for control of diseases vectored by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1008190. [PMID: 32976489 PMCID: PMC7541056 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial repellents (SRs) reduce human-mosquito contact by preventing mosquito entrance into human-occupied spaces and interfering with host-seeking and blood-feeding. A new model to synthesize experimental data on the effects of transfluthrin on Aedes aegypti explores how SR effects interact to impact the epidemiology of diseases vectored by these mosquitoes. Our results indicate that the greatest impact on force of infection is expected to derive from the chemical’s lethal effect but delayed biting and the negative effect this may have on the mosquito population could elicit substantial impact in the absence of lethality. The relative contributions of these effects depend on coverage, chemical dose, and housing density. We also demonstrate that, through an increase in the number of potentially infectious mosquito bites, increased partial blood-feeding and reduced exiting may elicit adverse impacts, which could offset gains achieved by other effects. Our analysis demonstrates how small-scale experimental data can be leveraged to derive expectations of epidemiological impact of SRs deployed at larger scales. Mosquito control strategies that reduce bites to humans through multiple, non-lethal modes of action may be important in controlling mosquito-borne diseases where insecticidal strategies are ineffective. Assessing how effective such tools are in reducing infections is not clear-cut due to the multiple ways these products affect mosquitoes’ behavior and life cycle. We introduce a paired experimental and mathematical framework to analyze and combine data from experiments on the several effects of a transfluthrin formulation and assess its public health impact. We show that, while product-induced lethality accounts for the majority of the product’s impact, delayed blood feeding can, through its negative impact on mosquito population sizes, elicit its own substantial impact. Adverse effects of increased partial blood-feeding and reduced exiting could offset gains achieved by other effects such delayed blood feeding and lethality. Our model offers a way of synthesizing the results of feasible experiments at small scales to assess public health impact at large scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quirine A. ten Bosch
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail: (QAtB); (TAP)
| | - Joseph M. Wagman
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Nicole L. Achee
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - John P. Grieco
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - T. Alex Perkins
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail: (QAtB); (TAP)
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12
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Saengjaroentham C, Strother LC, Dripps I, Sultan Jabir MR, Pradhan A, Goadsby PJ, Holland PR. Differential medication overuse risk of novel anti-migraine therapeutics. Brain 2020; 143:2681-2688. [PMID: 32810212 PMCID: PMC7523700 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Medication overuse headache is estimated to affect 2% of the population, and is ranked in the top 20 most disabling disorders due to its high level of disability. Several therapies used in the treatment of acute migraine are thought to be associated with medication overuse headache, including opioids and triptans. With limited treatment options, it is critical to determine the risk profile of novel therapies prior to their widespread use. The current study explores the potential medication overuse risk of two novel therapeutic drug classes, namely the ditans: 5-HT1F receptor agonists, and the gepants: calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonists, in a preclinical model of medication overuse. Persistent exposure of mice to the 5-HT1F agonist LY344864, but not olcegepant produced a significant reduction in hind paw and orofacial mechanical withdrawal thresholds as a surrogate readout of allodynia. In agreement, only LY344864 induced neuroplastic changes in trigeminal sensory afferents, increasing calcitonin gene-related peptide expression and basal trigeminal nociception. Our data highlight a differential medication overuse headache risk profile for the ditan and gepant classes of drugs that has important implications for their clinical use and patient education to help reduce the burden of medication overuse headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonlawan Saengjaroentham
- Headache Group, Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Lauren C Strother
- Headache Group, Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Isaac Dripps
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Mohammad Rayhan Sultan Jabir
- Headache Group, Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Amynah Pradhan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Peter J Goadsby
- Headache Group, Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Philip R Holland
- Headache Group, Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
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Lorenzo LE, Godin AG, Ferrini F, Bachand K, Plasencia-Fernandez I, Labrecque S, Girard AA, Boudreau D, Kianicka I, Gagnon M, Doyon N, Ribeiro-da-Silva A, De Koninck Y. Enhancing neuronal chloride extrusion rescues α2/α3 GABA A-mediated analgesia in neuropathic pain. Nat Commun 2020; 11:869. [PMID: 32054836 PMCID: PMC7018745 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14154-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal disinhibition has been hypothesized to underlie pain hypersensitivity in neuropathic pain. Apparently contradictory mechanisms have been reported, raising questions on the best target to produce analgesia. Here, we show that nerve injury is associated with a reduction in the number of inhibitory synapses in the spinal dorsal horn. Paradoxically, this is accompanied by a BDNF-TrkB-mediated upregulation of synaptic GABAARs and by an α1-to-α2GABAAR subunit switch, providing a mechanistic rationale for the analgesic action of the α2,3GABAAR benzodiazepine-site ligand L838,417 after nerve injury. Yet, we demonstrate that impaired Cl- extrusion underlies the failure of L838,417 to induce analgesia at high doses due to a resulting collapse in Cl- gradient, dramatically limiting the benzodiazepine therapeutic window. In turn, enhancing KCC2 activity not only potentiated L838,417-induced analgesia, it rescued its analgesic potential at high doses, revealing a novel strategy for analgesia in pathological pain, by combined targeting of the appropriate GABAAR-subtypes and restoring Cl- homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis-Etienne Lorenzo
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Antoine G Godin
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Graduate program in Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Francesco Ferrini
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Graduate program in Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Karine Bachand
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Isabel Plasencia-Fernandez
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC, Canada
- Graduate program in Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Simon Labrecque
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre A Girard
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC, Canada
- Ecole Polytechnique, IP Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Dominic Boudreau
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC, Canada
- Graduate program in Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Irenej Kianicka
- Chlorion Pharma, Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Laurent Pharmaceuticals Inc., Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Gagnon
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre for Innovation, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Nicolas Doyon
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC, Canada
- Finite Element Interdisciplinary Research Group (GIREF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Alfredo Ribeiro-da-Silva
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yves De Koninck
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec Mental Health Institute, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Graduate program in Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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14
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Simmons EC, Scholpa NE, Cleveland KH, Schnellmann RG. 5-hydroxytryptamine 1F Receptor Agonist Induces Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Promotes Recovery from Spinal Cord Injury. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 372:216-223. [PMID: 31776207 PMCID: PMC6978694 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.262410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is characterized by vascular disruption leading to ischemia, decreased oxygen delivery, and loss of mitochondrial homeostasis. This mitochondrial dysfunction results in loss of cellular functions, calcium overload, and oxidative stress. Pharmacological induction of mitochondrial biogenesis (MB) may be an effective approach to treat SCI. LY344864, a 5-hydroxytryptamine 1F (5-HT1F) receptor agonist, is a potent inducer of MB in multiple organ systems. To assess the efficacy of LY344864-induced MB on recovery post-SCI, female mice were subjected to moderate force-controlled impactor-induced contusion SCI followed by daily LY344864 administration for 21 days. Decreased mitochondrial DNA and protein content was present in the injury site 3 days post-SCI. LY344864 treatment beginning 1 h after injury attenuated these decreases, indicating MB. Additionally, injured mice treated with LY344864 displayed decreased Evan's Blue dye accumulation in the spinal cord compared with vehicle-treated mice 7 days after injury, suggesting restoration of vascular integrity. LY344864 also increased locomotor capability, with treated mice reaching a Basso-Mouse Scale score of 3.4 by 21 days, whereas vehicle-treated mice exhibited a score of 1.9. Importantly, knockout of the 5-HT1F receptor blocked LY344864-induced recovery. Remarkably, a similar degree of locomotor restoration was observed when treatment initiation was delayed until 8 h after injury. Furthermore, cross-sectional analysis of the spinal cord 21 days after injury revealed decreased lesion volume with delayed LY344864 treatment initiation, emphasizing the potential clinical applicability of this therapeutic approach. These data provide evidence that induction of MB via 5-HT1F receptor agonism may be a promising strategy for the treatment of SCI. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Treatment with LY344864 induces mitochondrial biogenesis in both the naive and injured mouse spinal cord. In addition, treatment with LY344864 beginning after impactor-induced contusion spinal cord injury improves mitochondrial homeostasis, blood-spinal cord barrier integrity, and locomotor function within 7 days. Importantly, similar locomotor results are observed whether treatment is initiated at 1 h after injury or 8 h after injury. These data indicate the potential for pharmacological induction of mitochondrial biogenesis through a 5-hydroxytryptamine 1F agonist as a novel therapeutic approach for spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Epiphani C Simmons
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy (E.C.S., N.E.S., K.H.C., R.G.S.), Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine (E.C.S., R.G.S.), Southwest Environmental Health Science Center (R.G.S.), and Center for Innovation in Brain Science (R.G.S.), University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; and Southern Arizona VA Health Care System, Tucson, Arizona (R.G.S.)
| | - Natalie E Scholpa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy (E.C.S., N.E.S., K.H.C., R.G.S.), Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine (E.C.S., R.G.S.), Southwest Environmental Health Science Center (R.G.S.), and Center for Innovation in Brain Science (R.G.S.), University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; and Southern Arizona VA Health Care System, Tucson, Arizona (R.G.S.)
| | - Kristan H Cleveland
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy (E.C.S., N.E.S., K.H.C., R.G.S.), Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine (E.C.S., R.G.S.), Southwest Environmental Health Science Center (R.G.S.), and Center for Innovation in Brain Science (R.G.S.), University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; and Southern Arizona VA Health Care System, Tucson, Arizona (R.G.S.)
| | - Rick G Schnellmann
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy (E.C.S., N.E.S., K.H.C., R.G.S.), Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine (E.C.S., R.G.S.), Southwest Environmental Health Science Center (R.G.S.), and Center for Innovation in Brain Science (R.G.S.), University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; and Southern Arizona VA Health Care System, Tucson, Arizona (R.G.S.)
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15
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Paine TA, Chang S, Poyle R. Contribution of GABA A receptor subunits to attention and social behavior. Behav Brain Res 2020; 378:112261. [PMID: 31560920 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION GABA dysfunction is associated with a number of psychiatric conditions including schizophrenia, autism and depression. Blocking cortical GABAA receptors in rodents causes behavioral deficits, including impaired attention and sociability, that are consistent with the symptoms of these conditions. The subunit composition of GABAA receptors is diverse and can affect receptor function. The current experiment examined the role of GABAA receptors containing different α-subunits in social behavior and attention. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered FG7142 (0.0-5.0 mg/kg; a non-selective GABAA receptor inverse agonist), L-655,708 (0-1.0 mg/kg; a low efficacy inverse agonist at α5-containing GABAA receptors), MRK-016 (0.0-2.0 mg/kg; a high efficacy inverse agonist at α5-containing GABAA receptors), or L-838,417 (0.0-3.0 mg/kg; an antagonist at α1-containing receptors and a partial agonist at α2, α3, α5-containing GABAA receptors) and either tested on the social interaction and social preference tests or the 5-choice serial reaction time task. RESULTS FG7142 decreased social interactions and impaired attention. MRK-016 impaired attention but did not affect social behavior. Neither L-655,708 nor L-838,417 significantly affected either social behavior or attention. DISCUSSION Systemic reduction in GABAA receptor signaling decreased sociability and attention, a result consistent with past research demonstrating cortical GABAA receptor blockade impairs social behavior and attention. Overall, the effects of the receptor subtype selective ligands were minimal; α5-containing GABAA receptors may contribute to the attentional deficit but do not contribute to the decrease in sociability. Further research is needed to determine the GABAA receptor subunits that contribute to social behavior and attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracie A Paine
- Department of Neuroscience, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH, 44074, United States.
| | - Sara Chang
- Department of Neuroscience, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH, 44074, United States
| | - Rachel Poyle
- Department of Neuroscience, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH, 44074, United States
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16
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Dupre TV, Jenkins DP, Muise-Helmericks RC, Schnellmann RG. The 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis in endothelial cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 169:113644. [PMID: 31542386 PMCID: PMC7749638 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A hallmark of acute kidney injury (AKI) is vascular rarefication and mitochondrial dysfunction. Promoting vascular recovery following AKI could facilitate kidney repair as the vasculature is responsible for oxygen and nutrient delivery to extravascular tissues. Little is known about mitochondrial biogenesis (MB) in endothelial cells, and the role of 5-HT1F receptor signaling in MB has only been studied in epithelial cells. Our laboratory has shown that stimulating MB through the 5-HT1F receptor promotes recovery from AKI and that 5-HT1F receptor knockout mice have decreased MB and poor renal recovery. We hypothesized that the 5-HT1F receptor plays a role in vascular homeostasis and mediates MB in renal endothelial cells. 5-HT1F receptor knockout mice had decreased renal vascular content, as evidenced by decreased CD31+ endothelial cells and αSMA+ vessels. Human glomerular endothelial cells (HEC) and mouse glomerular endothelial cells (MEC) expressed the 5-HT1F receptor. Treatment of HEC and MEC with 5-HT1F receptor agonists LY344864 or lasmiditan (0-500 nM) induced MB as evidenced by maximal mitochondrial respiration, a marker of MB. HEC and MEC treated with lasmiditan or LY344864 also had increased nuclear- and mitochondrial-encoded proteins (PGC1α, COX-1, and VDAC), and mitochondrial number, confirming MB. Treatment of HEC with LY344864 or lasmiditan enhanced endothelial branching morphogenesis and migration, indicating a role for 5-HT1F receptor stimulation in angiogenic pathways. We propose that stimulation of 5-HT1F receptor is involved in MB in endothelial cells and that treatment with 5-HT1F receptor agonists could restore stimulate repair and recovery following kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess V Dupre
- Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
| | - Dorea P Jenkins
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Robin C Muise-Helmericks
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Rick G Schnellmann
- Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States; Southern Arizona VA Health Care System, Tucson, AZ, United States.
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17
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Abstract
This study determined whether blockade of 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A (5-HT2A) receptors attenuated hyperthermia and tachycardia responses to psychological stress in mice. For this purpose, male mice (C57BL/6N) were pre-instrumented with a telemetric probe to measure core body temperature and heart rate prior to experimentation. Vehicle or 5-HT2A antagonist, eplivanserin hemifumarate (SR-46349B) ((1Z,2E)-1-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one O-[2-(dimethylamino) ethyl] oxime hemifumarate) (0.5, 1.0, 5.0 mg/kg), was injected intraperitoneally. To elicit psychological stress, an intruder male mouse confined to a small cage was introduced into the resident mouse's cage 30 min after administration of the injection. The application of this psychological stress increased body temperature by ~ 1.0 °C and heart rate by ~ 150 bpm in the vehicle group. In contrast, SR-46349B was shown to reduce this psychological stress-induced increase in body temperature in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). However, the SR-46349B treatment groups had no influence on the intruder-elicited increase in heart rate. This study, therefore, suggests that 5-HT2A receptors play a significant role in mediating hyperthermia, but not tachycardia, during intruder-elicited psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanshika Sinh
- Centre for Neuroscience, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Youichirou Ootsuka
- Centre for Neuroscience, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.
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18
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Ray A, Canal CE, Ehlen JC, Rice KC, Murnane KS. M100907 and BD 1047 attenuate the acute toxic effects of methamphetamine. Neurotoxicology 2019; 74:91-99. [PMID: 31163210 PMCID: PMC6750996 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
There are no Food and Drug Administration approved pharmacotherapies for methamphetamine (METH) overdose, thus identifying novel drug targets to prevent this devastating adverse event is a public-health imperative. Previous research suggests that serotonin and sigma receptors may contribute to the adverse effects of METH. The present study assessed whether pretreatment with the 5-HT2A receptor antagonist M100907 or the sigma 1 (σ1) receptor antagonist BD 1047 attenuated METH-induced lethality, hyperthermia, convulsions, and seizures. Male, Swiss-Webster mice received intraperitoneal injections of M100907 (1 and 10 mg/kg), BD 1047 (10 mg/kg), or a combination of M100907 (1 mg/kg) and BD 1047 (10 mg/kg) prior to treatment with METH (78 mg/kg). Convulsions and lethality were assessed by observation, core body temperature was assessed by surgically implanted telemetric probes, and seizures were assessed by electroencephalography. M100907 reduced METH-elicited lethality from 67% to 33%, BD1047 reduced METH-elicited lethality from 67% to 50%, and combined administration of both agents eliminated lethality in all mice tested. Similarly, both agents and their combination reduced METH-elicited seizures and convulsions. None of the treatments decreased METH-induced hyperthermia. This research suggests that reducing METH-induced seizures is an important factor in reducing lethality associated with METH overdose. However, future studies should examine whether M100907 and BD 1047 modulate METH-induced hypertension and other adverse effects that may also contribute to METH overdose. Our data support the continued investigation of compounds that target 5-HT2A and σ1 receptors in METH-induced overdose, including their potential to yield emergency reversal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizi Ray
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Clinton E Canal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Kenner C Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Kevin Sean Murnane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Abstract
Misfolding and abnormal assembly of proteins cause many intractable diseases. The modulation of the assembly process of these proteins could contribute to understanding and controlling amyloid protein aggregation. Previous works focused mainly on the inhibition of the assembly process. To broaden the interaction modality of modulators with proteins for developing new modulators, in this work, we designed and synthesized two reactive poly ( p-phenylene vinylene) polymers, respectively, functionalized with N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (PPV-NHS) and pentafluorophenol ester (PPV-PFP), which exhibited the prevention or co-assembly effect on the aggregation process of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). Cell assays demonstrated that both of the two polymers could effectively eliminate the cytotoxicity of IAPP. Moreover, PPV-NHS also could irreversibly disrupt preformed IAPP fibrils. We envision that PPV-NHS and PPV-PFP might offer a new design method for the modulation of protein assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100910 , P. R. China
- College of Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Fengting Lv
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100910 , P. R. China
- College of Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Libing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100910 , P. R. China
- College of Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100910 , P. R. China
- College of Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
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Estrada JLT, Moscoso KEP, Salas IF, Achee NL, Grieco JP. Spatial repellency and other effects of transfluthrin and linalool on Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. J Vector Ecol 2019; 44:89-93. [PMID: 31124222 DOI: 10.1111/jvec.12332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the effects of two spatial repellents (SR) were determined for Aedes aegypti and Ae albopictus, the main vectors of dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika fever. The modular high-throughput screening system (HITSS) was used to evaluate the response of both species to transfluthrin and linalool SR at different concentrations. The highest spatial repellency results for Ae. aegypti were obtained by transfluthrin to 0.001% with 37.50 ± 4.33%, and for linalool to 10% with 77.50 ± 3.90%. For Ae. albopictus, the highest spatial repellency percentages for transfluthrin 0.01% were 45.00 ± 3.78%, and linalool at 1% and 10% were 56.25 ± 7.06% and 56.25 ± 6.46%, respectively. Transfluthrin caused high levels of mortality with 71.25 ± 6.66%, 79.75 ± 8.65%, and 100% to Ae. aegypti and 70.00 ± 5.98% and 98.75 ± 0.82% to Aedes albopcitus. With the results of this study, we concluded that both the transfluthrin and linalool could be used as protection measures against the bite of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in the integral strategies for the control of vectors in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Luis Torres Estrada
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública/Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, 4°Avenida Norte y 19 calle Poniente Colonia Centro, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Keila Elizabeth Paiz Moscoso
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública/Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, 4°Avenida Norte y 19 calle Poniente Colonia Centro, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Ildefonso Fernández Salas
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública/Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, 4°Avenida Norte y 19 calle Poniente Colonia Centro, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Nicole L Achee
- ECK Institute For Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, U.S.A
| | - John Paul Grieco
- ECK Institute For Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, U.S.A
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Murnane KS, Guner OF, Bowen JP, Rambacher KM, Moniri NH, Murphy TJ, Daphney CM, Oppong-Damoah A, Rice KC. The adrenergic receptor antagonist carvedilol interacts with serotonin 2A receptors both in vitro and in vivo. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 181:37-45. [PMID: 30998954 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing support for the potential clinical use of compounds that interact with serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptors. It is therefore of interest to discover novel compounds that interact with 5-HT2A receptors. In the present study, we used computational chemistry to identify critical ligand structural features of 5-HT2A receptor binding and function. Query of compound databases using those ligand features revealed the adrenergic receptor antagonist carvedilol as a high priority match. As carvedilol is used clinically for cardiovascular diseases, we conducted experiments to assess whether it has any interactions with 5-HT2A receptors. In vitro experiments demonstrated that carvedilol has high nanomolar affinity for 5-HT2A receptors. In vivo experiments demonstrated that carvedilol increases the ethanol-induced loss of the righting reflex and suppresses operant responding in mice, and that these effects are attenuated by pretreatment with the selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonist M100907. Moreover, carvedilol did not induce the head-twitch response in mice, suggesting a lack of psychedelic effects. However, carvedilol did not activate canonical 5-HT2A receptor signaling pathways and antagonized serotonin-mediated signaling. It also reduced the head-twitch response induced by 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine, suggesting potential in vivo antagonism, allosteric modulation, or functional bias. These data suggest that carvedilol has functionally relevant interactions with 5-HT2A receptors, providing a novel mechanism of action for a clinically used compound. However, our findings do not clearly delineate the precise mechanism of action of carvedilol at 5-HT2A receptors, and additional experiments are needed to elucidate the role of 5-HT2A receptors in the behavioral and clinical effects of carvedilol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Sean Murnane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Osman F Guner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J Phillip Bowen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kalyn M Rambacher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nader H Moniri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tyler J Murphy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Biology, Oglethorpe University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cedrick Maceo Daphney
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Aboagyewaah Oppong-Damoah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kenner C Rice
- Section on Drug Design and Synthesis, National Institute on Drug Abuse and Chemical Biology Research Branch, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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22
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Bernier UR, Kline DL, Vazquez-Abad A, Perry M, Cohnstaedt LW, Gurman P, D’hers S, Elman NM. A combined experimental-computational approach for spatial protection efficacy assessment of controlled release devices against mosquitoes (Anopheles). PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007188. [PMID: 30856177 PMCID: PMC6440642 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This work describes the use of entomological studies combined with in silico models (computer simulations derived from numerical models) to assess the efficacy of a novel device for controlled release of spatial repellents. Controlled Release Devices (CRDs) were tested with different concentrations of metofluthrin and tested against An. quadrimaculatus mosquitoes using arm-in cage, semi-field, and outdoor studies. Arm-in-cage trials showed an approximate mean values for mosquito knockdown of 40% and mosquito bite reduction of 80% for the optimal metofluthrin formulation for a 15-minute trial. Semi-field outdoor studies showed a mean mortality of a 50% for 24 hour trial and 75% for a 48 hour trial for optimal concentrations. Outdoors studies showed an approximate mean mortality rate of 50% for a 24 hour trial for optimal concentrations. Numerical simulations based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) were performed in order to obtain spatial concentration profiles for 24 hour and 48 hour periods. Experimental results were correlated with simulation results in order to obtain a functional model that linked mosquito mortality with the estimated spatial concentration for a given period of time. Such correlation provides a powerful insight in predicting the effectiveness of the CRDs as a vector-control tool. While CRDs represent an alternative to current spatial repellent delivery methods, such as coils, candles, electric repellents, and passive emanators based on impregnated strips, the presented method can be applied to any spatial vector control treatment by correlating entomological endpoints, i.e. mortality, with in-silico simulations to predict overall efficacy. The presented work therefore presents a new methodology for improving design, development and deployment of vector-control tools to reduce transmission of vector-borne diseases, including malaria and dengue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich R. Bernier
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Daniel L. Kline
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Agustin Vazquez-Abad
- Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Melynda Perry
- Textile Materials Evaluation Team, The US Army Natick Soldier Research, And Development Engineering Center (NSRDEC), Natick, MA, United States of America
| | - Lee W. Cohnstaedt
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, The Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit (ABADRU), Manhattan, KS, United States of America
| | - Pablo Gurman
- GearJump Technologies LLC, Brookline, MA, United States of America
| | - Sebastián D’hers
- Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Noel M. Elman
- GearJump Technologies LLC, Brookline, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Sholler DJ, Stutz SJ, Fox RG, Boone EL, Wang Q, Rice KC, Moeller FG, Anastasio NC, Cunningham KA. The 5-HT 2A Receptor (5-HT 2AR) Regulates Impulsive Action and Cocaine Cue Reactivity in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 368:41-49. [PMID: 30373886 PMCID: PMC6290084 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.251199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Impulsivity and the attentional orienting response to cocaine-associated cues (cue reactivity) promote relapse in cocaine-use disorder (CUD). A time-dependent escalation of cue reactivity (incubation) occurs during extended, forced abstinence from cocaine self-administration in rats. The investigational serotonin (5-HT) 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) antagonist/inverse agonist M100907 suppresses impulsive action, or the inability to withhold premature responses, and cocaine-seeking behaviors. The present preclinical study was designed to establish the potential for repurposing the Food and Drug Administration-approved selective 5-HT2AR antagonist/inverse agonist pimavanserin as a therapeutic agent to forestall relapse vulnerability in CUD. In male Sprague-Dawley rats, pimavanserin suppressed impulsive action (premature responses) measured in the 1-choice serial reaction time (1-CSRT) task, similarly to M100907. We also used the 1-CSRT task to establish baseline levels of impulsive action before cocaine self-administration and evaluation of cue reactivity (lever presses reinforced by the discrete cue complex previously paired with cocaine delivery). We observed an incubation of cocaine cue reactivity between day 1 and day 30 of forced abstinence from cocaine self-administration. Baseline levels of impulsive action predicted incubated levels of cocaine cue reactivity in late abstinence. We also found that baseline impulsive action predicted the effectiveness of pimavanserin to suppress incubated cue reactivity in late abstinence from cocaine self-administration at doses that were ineffective in early abstinence. These data suggest that integration of clinical measures of impulsive action may inform refined, personalized pharmacotherapeutic intervention for the treatment of relapse vulnerability in CUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis J Sholler
- Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (D.J.S., S.J.S., R.G.F., N.C.A., K.A.C.); Department of Statistical Sciences and Operations Research, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (E.L.B., Q.W.); Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C.R.); and Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (F.G.M.)
| | - Sonja J Stutz
- Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (D.J.S., S.J.S., R.G.F., N.C.A., K.A.C.); Department of Statistical Sciences and Operations Research, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (E.L.B., Q.W.); Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C.R.); and Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (F.G.M.)
| | - Robert G Fox
- Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (D.J.S., S.J.S., R.G.F., N.C.A., K.A.C.); Department of Statistical Sciences and Operations Research, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (E.L.B., Q.W.); Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C.R.); and Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (F.G.M.)
| | - Edward L Boone
- Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (D.J.S., S.J.S., R.G.F., N.C.A., K.A.C.); Department of Statistical Sciences and Operations Research, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (E.L.B., Q.W.); Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C.R.); and Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (F.G.M.)
| | - Qin Wang
- Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (D.J.S., S.J.S., R.G.F., N.C.A., K.A.C.); Department of Statistical Sciences and Operations Research, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (E.L.B., Q.W.); Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C.R.); and Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (F.G.M.)
| | - Kenner C Rice
- Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (D.J.S., S.J.S., R.G.F., N.C.A., K.A.C.); Department of Statistical Sciences and Operations Research, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (E.L.B., Q.W.); Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C.R.); and Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (F.G.M.)
| | - F Gerard Moeller
- Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (D.J.S., S.J.S., R.G.F., N.C.A., K.A.C.); Department of Statistical Sciences and Operations Research, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (E.L.B., Q.W.); Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C.R.); and Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (F.G.M.)
| | - Noelle C Anastasio
- Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (D.J.S., S.J.S., R.G.F., N.C.A., K.A.C.); Department of Statistical Sciences and Operations Research, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (E.L.B., Q.W.); Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C.R.); and Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (F.G.M.)
| | - Kathryn A Cunningham
- Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (D.J.S., S.J.S., R.G.F., N.C.A., K.A.C.); Department of Statistical Sciences and Operations Research, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (E.L.B., Q.W.); Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C.R.); and Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (F.G.M.)
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Shahidi S, Sadeghian R, Komaki A, Asl SS. Intracerebroventricular microinjection of the 5-HT 1F receptor agonist LY 344864 inhibits methamphetamine conditioned place preference reinstatement in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2018; 173:27-35. [PMID: 30077744 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Relapse following a prolonged period of drug cessation is a key barrier in the treatment of methamphetamine (METH) addiction, for which pharmacological treatment exhibits little efficacy. Previous studies have suggested that this process involves alterations in levels of serotonin (5-HT) in the brain. Although the 5-HT1F receptor has been implicated in the reward pathway, its physiological functions remain unknown. In the present study, we examined the effect of the 5-HT1F agonist LY 344864 on the reinstatement of METH-seeking behavior in rats using a conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. The CPP paradigm was first used to determine the effective doses of LY and METH. Four groups were then conditioned with METH (5 mg/kg; i.p.), while the sham group received saline. METH-induced CPP was subsequently extinguished. On the 13th day of extinction, the rats received either METH (0, 1, or 2.5 mg/kg; i.p.) plus vehicle or priming METH plus LY (2 μg/5 μL; i.c.v.). On reinstatement day, preference scores were calculated as the difference in time spent in the drug-paired and vehicle-paired compartments. Rats conditioned with the lowest effective dose of METH (5 mg/kg) exhibited significant differences in pre- and post-testing preference scores. Preference scores were significantly higher in the saline + METH group than in the control group. Furthermore, preference scores were significantly higher in rats that had received priming METH treatment, and pre-treatment with LY significantly attenuated the reinstatement of METH-seeking behavior. These findings suggest that future studies should evaluate the therapeutic potential of 5-HT1F agonists for preventing relapse in individuals with METH addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Shahidi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Sadeghian
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sara Soleimani Asl
- Anatomy Departments, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Jang J, Son J, Park E, Kosaka T, Saxon JA, De Clercq DJH, Choi HG, Tanizaki J, Eck MJ, Jänne PA, Gray NS. Discovery of a Highly Potent and Broadly Effective Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and HER2 Exon 20 Insertion Mutant Inhibitor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11629-11633. [PMID: 29978938 PMCID: PMC6118895 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Exon 20 insertion (Ex20Ins) mutations are the third most prevalent epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutation and the most prevalent HER2 mutation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Novel therapeutics for the patients with Ex20Ins mutations are urgently needed, due to their poor responses to the currently approved EGFR and HER2 inhibitors. Here we report the discovery of highly potent and broadly effective EGFR and HER2 Ex20Ins mutant inhibitors. The co-crystal structure of compound 1 b in complex with wild type EGFR clearly revealed an additional hydrophobic interaction of 4-fluorobenzene ring within a deep hydrophobic pocket, which has not been widely exploited in the development of EGFR and HER2 inhibitors. As compared with afatinib, compound 1 a exhibited superior inhibition of proliferation and signaling pathways in Ba/F3 cells harboring either EGFR or HER2 Ex20Ins mutations, and in the EGFR P772_H773insPNP patient-derived lung cancer cell line DFCI127. Our study identifies promising strategies for development of EGFR and HER2 Ex20Ins mutant inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaebong Jang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jieun Son
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Eunyoung Park
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Takayuki Kosaka
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jamie A Saxon
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Dries J H De Clercq
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hwan Geun Choi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Junko Tanizaki
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Michael J Eck
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Pasi A Jänne
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nathanael S Gray
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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26
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Barkus C, Ferland JMN, Adams WK, Churchill GC, Cowen PJ, Bannerman DM, Rogers RD, Winstanley CA, Sharp T. The putative lithium-mimetic ebselen reduces impulsivity in rodent models. J Psychopharmacol 2018; 32:1018-1026. [PMID: 29986609 DOI: 10.1177/0269881118784876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deficits in impulse control feature in many psychiatric conditions including bipolar disorder, suicidality and addictions. Lithium lowers impulsivity in clinical populations and decreases pathological gambling in experimental medicine studies, but suffers from adverse effects, poor compliance and a low therapeutic index. AIMS Recently we identified that the neuroprotective agent ebselen, which is reportedly safe in humans, inhibited inositol monophosphatase (IMPase), a candidate lithium mechanism. Ebselen also reduced 5-HT receptor (5-HT2A) function which predicts impulsivity lowering properties. Here we investigated the effect of ebselen in rat models of impulsive behaviour. METHODS Ebselen was tested in two models of impulsivity with human analogues: the five-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT) and rodent gambling task (rGT). The main outcome measures were premature responses (5-CSRTT and rGT) and choice behaviour (rGT), which model motor impulsivity and choice impulsivity, respectively. RESULTS At doses that decreased 5-HT2A receptor function (DOI-induced wet dog shakes), ebselen decreased premature responding in the 5-CSRTT both in the absence and presence of cocaine. The 5-HT2A receptor antagonist MDL 100,907 also reduced premature responding in the 5-CSRTT although not in the presence of cocaine. In the rGT ebselen showed a tendency to reduce premature responding but had no effect on choice behaviour. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that ebselen preferentially reduces motor impulsivity over choice impulsivity, and that inhibition of 5-HT2A receptor function is a contributing mechanism. Collectively, these data support the repurposing of ebselen as an anti-impulsive treatment and fast-tracking to clinical trials in patient groups characterised by poor impulse control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Barkus
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, UK
- 2 Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Wendy K Adams
- 2 Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Trevor Sharp
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, UK
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27
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Bibbs CS, Hahn DA, Kaufman PE, Xue RD. Sublethal effects of a vapour-active pyrethroid, transfluthrin, on Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) fecundity and oviposition behaviour. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:486. [PMID: 30157907 PMCID: PMC6114540 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3065-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is assumed that mosquitoes surviving exposure to spatial repellents when attempting to bite a host will not have significant adverse impacts on their downstream biology. Therefore, a critical knowledge gap is understanding the extent to which sublethal exposure to volatile pyrethroids may damage the performance of mosquitoes that survive exposure to vapour-active pyrethroids. To address this, laboratory-reared Aedes aegypti (L.) and Ae. albopictus (Skuse) were exposed to one of three sublethal concentrations of transfluthrin before being offered a blood-meal, after which their survival, fecundity, fertility, and egg-laying behaviour was assessed. RESULTS Both species expressed reduced skip-oviposition behaviour at all exposures. Both species also suffered a major reduction in viable eggs (50-75% reduction in viable eggs laid). A phenotype where eggs collapsed after laying was observed in Ae. aegypti, and this response increased with exposure concentrations. Dissected females of both species retained 50% or fewer of their eggs, with Ae. albopictus retaining a significant proportion of melanised oocytes following the highest exposure. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that volatile pyrethroids can reduce skip-oviposition, which may improve source reduction outcomes during integrated management. The additional fecundity reduction caused by sublethal exposures to volatile pyrethroids improves our confidence in recommending them for urban vector management. Furthermore, we suggest that volatile pyrethroids should be adapted into delivery methods compatible with mosquito abatement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S. Bibbs
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, 1881 Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
- Anastasia Mosquito Control District of St. Johns County, 120 EOC Drive, St. Augustine, FL 32092 USA
| | - Daniel A. Hahn
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, 1881 Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
| | - Phillip E. Kaufman
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, 1881 Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
| | - Rui-de Xue
- Anastasia Mosquito Control District of St. Johns County, 120 EOC Drive, St. Augustine, FL 32092 USA
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García-Pedraza JÁ, Hernández-Abreu O, García M, Morán A, Villalón CM. Chronic 5-HT 2 receptor blockade unmasks the role of 5-HT 1F receptors in the inhibition of rat cardioaccelerator sympathetic outflow. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 96:328-336. [PMID: 28886249 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) inhibits the rat cardioaccelerator sympathetic outflow by 5-HT1B/1D/5 receptors. Because chronic blockade of sympatho-excitatory 5-HT2 receptors is beneficial in several cardiovascular pathologies, this study investigated whether sarpogrelate (a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist) alters the pharmacological profile of the above sympatho-inhibition. Rats were pretreated for 2 weeks with sarpogrelate in drinking water (30 mg/kg per day; sarpogrelate-treated group) or equivalent volumes of drinking water (control group). Animals were pithed and prepared for spinal stimulation (C7-T1) of the cardioaccelerator sympathetic outflow or for intravenous (i.v.) bolus injections of noradrenaline. Both procedures produced tachycardic responses remaining unaltered after saline. Continuous i.v. infusions of 5-HT induced a cardiac sympatho-inhibition that was mimicked by the 5-HT receptor agonists 5-carboxamidotryptamine (5-CT; 5-HT1/5A), CP 93,129 (5-HT1B), or PNU 142633 (5-HT1D), but not by indorenate (5-HT1A) in both groups; whereas LY344864 (5-HT1F) mimicked 5-HT only in sarpogrelate-treated rats. In sarpogrelate-treated animals, i.v. GR 127935 (310 μg/kg; 5-HT1B/1D/1F receptor antagonist) attenuated 5-CT-induced sympatho-inhibition and abolished LY344864-induced sympatho-inhibition; while GR 127935 plus SB 699551 (1 mg/kg; 5-HT5A receptor antagonist) abolished 5-CT-induced inhibition. These results confirm the cardiac sympatho-inhibitory role of 5-HT1B, 5-HT1D, and 5-HT5A receptors in both groups; nevertheless, sarpogrelate treatment specifically unmasked a cardiac sympatho-inhibition mediated by 5-HT1F receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ángel García-Pedraza
- a Department of Pharmacobiology, Cinvestav-Coapa, Czda. Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas-Coapa, Deleg. Tlalpan, C.P. 14330, Mexico City, Mexico
- b Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Oswaldo Hernández-Abreu
- a Department of Pharmacobiology, Cinvestav-Coapa, Czda. Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas-Coapa, Deleg. Tlalpan, C.P. 14330, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mónica García
- b Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Asunción Morán
- b Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Carlos M Villalón
- a Department of Pharmacobiology, Cinvestav-Coapa, Czda. Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas-Coapa, Deleg. Tlalpan, C.P. 14330, Mexico City, Mexico
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Gilbertson SR, Chen YC, Soto CA, Yang Y, Rice KC, Cunningham KA, Anastasio NC. Synthesis and activity of functionalizable derivatives of the serotonin (5-HT) 5-HT 2A receptor (5-HT 2AR) antagonist M100907. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:1381-1385. [PMID: 29555153 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The approach of tethering together two known receptor ligands, to be used as molecular probes for the study of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) systems, has proven to be a valuable approach. Selective ligands that possess functionality that can be used to link to other ligands, are useful in the development of novel antagonists and agonists. Such molecules can also be attached to reporter molecules, such as fluorophores, for the study of GPCR dimerization and its role in signaling. The highly selective serotonin (5-HT) 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) antagonist M100907 (volinanserin) is of clinical interest in the treatment of neurological and mental health disorders. Here, we synthesized the most active (+)-M100907 enantiomer as well as a series of derivatives that possessed either an alkyne or an azide. The triazole resulting from the dipolar cycloaddition of these groups did not interfere with the ability of the bivalent ligand to act as an antagonist. Thus, we have synthesized a number of compounds which will prove useful in elucidating the role of the 5-HT2AR in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott R Gilbertson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States; Center for Addiction Research, United States.
| | - Ying-Chu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Yaxing Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Kenner C Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kathryn A Cunningham
- Center for Addiction Research, United States; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Noelle C Anastasio
- Center for Addiction Research, United States; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
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Gibbs WS, Garrett SM, Beeson CC, Schnellmann RG. Identification of dual mechanisms mediating 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F-induced mitochondrial biogenesis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 314:F260-F268. [PMID: 29046298 PMCID: PMC5866450 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00324.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Our laboratory recently made the novel observation that 5-hydroxytryptamine 1F (5-HT1F) receptor activation induces mitochondrial biogenesis (MB), the production of new, functional mitochondria, in vitro and in vivo. We sought to determine the mechanism linking the 5-HT1F receptor to MB in renal proximal tubule cells. Using LY344864 , a selective 5-HT1F receptor agonist, we determined that the 5-HT1F receptor is coupled to Gαi/o and induces MB through Gβγ-dependent activation of Akt, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), cyclic guanosine-monophosphate (cGMP), protein kinase G (PKG), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). We also report that the 5-HT1F receptor signals through a second, Gβγ-dependent pathway that is linked by Akt phosphorylation of Raf. In contrast to the activated Akt pathway, Raf phosphorylation reduced extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERK1/2) and foxhead box O3a (FOXO3a) phosphorylation, suppressing an inhibitory MB pathway. These results demonstrate that the 5-HT1F receptor regulates MB through Gβγ-dependent dual mechanisms that activate a stimulatory MB pathway, Akt/eNOS/cGMP/PKG/PGC-1α, while simultaneously repressing an inhibitory MB pathway, Raf/MEK/ERK/FOXO3a. Novel mechanisms of MB provide the foundation for new chemicals that induce MB to treat acute and chronic organ injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney S Gibbs
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Sara M Garrett
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Craig C Beeson
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Rick G Schnellmann
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
- Southern Arizona Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Tucson, Arizona
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Scholpa NE, Lynn MK, Corum D, Boger HA, Schnellmann RG. 5-HT 1F receptor-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:348-358. [PMID: 29057453 PMCID: PMC5758398 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Parkinson's disease is characterized by progressive decline in motor function due to degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons, as well as other deficits including cognitive impairment and behavioural abnormalities. Mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to loss of ATP-dependent cellular functions, calcium overload, excitotoxicity and oxidative stress, is implicated in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. Using the 5-HT1F receptor agonist LY344864, a known inducer of mitochondrial biogenesis (MB), we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of stimulating MB on dopaminergic neuron loss in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Male C57BL/6 mice underwent bilateral intrastriatal 6-hydroxydopamine or saline injections and daily treatment with 2 mg·kg-1 LY344864 or vehicle for 14 days beginning 7 days post-lesion. Tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity (TH-ir) and MB were assessed in the brains of all groups following treatment, and locomotor activity was evaluated prior to lesioning, 7 days post-lesion and after treatment. KEY RESULTS Increased mitochondrial DNA content and nuclear- and mitochondrial-encoded mRNA and protein expression was observed in specific brain regions of LY344864-treated naïve and lesioned mice, indicating augmented MB. LY344864 attenuated TH-ir loss in the striatum and substantia nigra compared to vehicle-treated lesioned animals. LY344864 treatment also increased locomotor activity in 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned mice, while vehicle treatment had no effect. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These data revealed that LY344864-induced MB attenuates dopaminergic neuron loss and improves behavioural endpoints in this model. We suggest that stimulating MB may be beneficial for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and that the 5-HT1F receptor may be an effective therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie E Scholpa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of PharmacyUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA
| | - Mary K Lynn
- Department of NeuroscienceMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA
| | - Daniel Corum
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical SciencesMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA
| | - Heather A Boger
- Department of NeuroscienceMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA
| | - Rick G Schnellmann
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of PharmacyUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA
- Southern Arizona VA Health Care SystemTucsonAZUSA
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Schäfer K, Kaiser K, Konstantinides S. Rosuvastatin exerts favourable effects on thrombosis and neointimal growth in a mouse model of endothelial injury. Thromb Haemost 2017; 93:145-52. [PMID: 15630505 DOI: 10.1160/th04-07-0415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryApart from reducing systemic lipid levels, statins may improve the clinical course of atherosclerosis by exerting favourable pleiotropic effects on the vessel wall.We studied the effects of rosuvastatin, a new, potent 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, on vascular remodelling after endothelial injury in the hyperlipidaemic apolipoprotein E-knockout (apoE-/-) mouse. ApoE-/- mice, 22-weeks-old, were injected daily with rosuvastatin at a low (1 mg/kg; n=27) or high dosage (10 mg/kg; n=24), or with vehicle alone (n=26).After treatment for 2 weeks,endothelial injury and thrombosis of the carotid artery was induced with 10% ferric chloride.Treatment was then resumed for a 3-week period.Although statin treatment did not affect the plasma lipid levels of mice, mean times to arterial thrombosis were prolonged in the low-dose and the high-dose group compared to controls (P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively). Interestingly, rosuvastatin withdrawal 4 days before injury completely reversed the antithrombotic effects of the drug. In follow-up studies 3 weeks after injury,deposition of fibrin in the vessel wall was significantly reduced in the rosuvastatin-treated animals. There was an increase in the content of α -actin-positive smooth muscle cells (P =0.008) and collagen fibers (P<0.001), and a concomitant decrease in the number of oxLDL-containing macrophages (P<0.001). Overall, the neointimal area and the severity of luminal stenosis were significantly reduced in statin-treated mice. Thus, rosuvastatin attenuates arterial thrombosis and neointima formation, and it may stabilise vascular lesions developing after endothelial injury in mice.These effects are independent of systemic lipid lowering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Schäfer
- Department of Cardiology and Pulmonary Medicine, Georg August University of Goettingen, Robert Koch Strasse 40, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany
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Panzini CM, Ehlinger DG, Alchahin AM, Guo Y, Commons KG. 16p11.2 deletion syndrome mice perseverate with active coping response to acute stress - rescue by blocking 5-HT2A receptors. J Neurochem 2017; 143:708-721. [PMID: 28948999 PMCID: PMC5729115 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In humans a chromosomal hemideletion of the 16p11.2 region results in variable neurodevelopmental deficits including developmental delay, intellectual disability, and features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Serotonin is implicated in ASD but its role remains enigmatic. In this study we sought to determine if and how abnormalities in serotonin neurotransmission could contribute to the behavioral phenotype of the 16p11.2 deletion syndrome in a mouse model (Del mouse). As ASD is frequently associated with altered response to acute stress and stress may exacerbate repetitive behavior in ASD, we studied the Del mouse behavior in the context of an acute stress using the forced swim test, a paradigm well characterized with respect to serotonin. Del mice perseverated with active coping (swimming) in the forced swim test and failed to adopt passive coping strategies with time as did their wild-type littermates. Analysis of monoamine content by HPLC provided evidence for altered endogenous serotonin neurotransmission in Del mice while there was no effect of genotype on any other monoamine. Moreover, we found that Del mice were highly sensitive to the 5-HT2A antagonists M100907, which at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg normalized their level of active coping and restored the gradual shift to passive coping in the forced swim test. Supporting evidence for altered endogenous serotonin signaling was provided by observations of additional ligand effects including altered forebrain Fos expression. Taken together, these observations indicate notable changes in endogenous serotonin signaling in 16p11.2 deletion mice and support the therapeutic utility of 5-HT2A receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris M Panzini
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel G Ehlinger
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adele M Alchahin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yueping Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Med. University, Harbin, China
| | - Kathryn G Commons
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Choi DB, Grieco JP, Apperson CS, Schal C, Ponnusamy L, Wesson DM, Achee NL. Effect of Spatial Repellent Exposure on Dengue Vector Attraction to Oviposition Sites. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0004850. [PMID: 27428011 PMCID: PMC4948784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti is a primary vector of dengue virus (DENV), the causative agent of dengue fever, an arthropod-borne disease of global importance. Although a vaccine has been recommended for prevention, current dengue prevention strategies rely on vector control. Recently, volatile pyrethroids-spatial repellents-have received interest as a novel delivery system for adult Ae. aegypti control. Understanding the full range of behavioral effects spatial repellents elicit in mosquito species will be critical to understanding the overall impact these products have on vector populations and will guide expectations of efficacy against DENV transmission. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The current study quantified changes in attraction of gravid Ae. aegypti to experimental oviposition sites following exposure to the spatial repellent transfluthrin. Responses were measured with two-choice olfaction bioassays using 'sticky-screens' covering cups to prevent contact with the oviposition substrate. Two cups contained a bacterial attractant composed of four species of bacteria in calcium alginate beads in water and two cups contained only deionized water. Results from 40 replicates (n = 780 females total per treatment) indicated an estimated difference in attraction of 9.35% ± 0.18 (p ≤ 0.003), implying that the transfluthrin-exposed mosquitoes were more attracted to the experimental oviposition sites than the non-exposed mosquitoes. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Findings from this study will further characterize the role of spatial repellents to modify Ae. aegypti behavior related to dengue prevention specifically, and encourage innovation in vector control product development more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane B. Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - John P. Grieco
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Charles S. Apperson
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Coby Schal
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Loganathan Ponnusamy
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dawn M. Wesson
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Nicole L. Achee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
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Horstmann S, Sonneck R. Contact Bioassays with Phenoxybenzyl and Tetrafluorobenzyl Pyrethroids against Target-Site and Metabolic Resistant Mosquitoes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149738. [PMID: 26930058 PMCID: PMC4773128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mosquito strains that exhibit increased tolerance to the chemical class of compounds with a sodium channel modulator mode of action (pyrethroids and pyrethrins) are typically described as “pyrethroid resistant”. Resistance to pyrethroids is an increasingly important challenge in the control of mosquito-borne diseases, such as malaria or dengue, because one of the main interventions (the distribution of large numbers of long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets) currently relies entirely on long-lasting pyrethroids. Increasing tolerance of target insects against this class of insecticides lowers their impact in vector control. The current study suggests that the level of metabolic resistance depends on the structure of the molecule and that structurally different compounds may still be effective because detoxifying enzymes are unable to bind to these uncommon structures. Methods Treated surface contact bioassays were performed on susceptible Aedes aegypti, East African knockdown resistance (kdr) Anopheles gambiae (strain RSP-H) and metabolically resistant Anopheles funestus (strain FUMOZ-R) with different pyrethroids, such as cypermethrin, ß-cyfluthrin, deltamethrin, permethrin and transfluthrin (alone and in combination with the synergist piperonyl butoxide). The nonfluorinated form of transfluthrin was also assessed as a single agent and in combination with piperonyl butoxide. Results Although the dosages for pyrethroids containing a phenoxybenzyl moiety have exhibited differences in terms of effectiveness among the three tested mosquito species, the structurally different transfluthrin with a polyfluorobenzyl moiety remained active in mosquitoes with upregulated P450 levels. In trials with transfluthrin mixed with piperonyl butoxide, the added synergist exhibited no efficacy-enhancing effect. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that transfluthrin has the potential to control P450-mediated metabolically resistant mosquitoes because the structural formula of transfluthrin differs from that of the tested pyrethroids, which are used in vector control. The P450-detoxifying enzymes of the Anopheles funestus FUMOZ-R mosquitoes seem to bind preferably at the phenoxybenzyl moiety and appear to be unable to degrade transfluthrin with its tetrafluorobenzyl moiety. Inhibition of the class of monooxygenases by piperonyl butoxide revealed no increase of efficacy of the pure transfluthrin compound, which also indicates that the P450 enzymes potentially do not impact the efficacy of transfluthrin.
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Birnbaum Y, Nanhwan MK, Ling S, Perez-Polo JR, Ye Y, Bajaj M. PTEN upregulation may explain the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes with high dose statins. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2015; 28:447-57. [PMID: 25106875 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-014-6546-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Statins increase the incidence of new onset diabetes. Prolonged statin therapy upregulates PTEN expression. PTEN levels are also elevated in diabetic animals. Activation of protein kinase A by cAMP decreases PTEN expression. We assessed whether prolonged treatment with rosuvastatin (ROS) induces glucose intolerance by upregulating Phosphatase and Tensin Homologue on Chromosome 10 (PTEN) in mice receiving normal (ND) or Western Diet (WD) and whether concomitant treatment with cilostazol (CIL, a phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor) attenuates the effects. METHODS PTEN(loxp/cre) or PTEN(+/-) mice received ND or WD without or with ROS (10 mg/kg/day). Wild-type mice received ND or WD without or with ROS, CIL (10 mg/kg/day), or ROS+CIL for 30 days. Fasting insulin and glucose tolerance test were measured as well as PTEN and P-AKT levels in skeletal muscle. RESULTS Serum glucose after intraperitoneal injection of glucose was higher in PTEN(loxp/cre) mice receiving WD or ROS and especially WD+ROS. Levels were lower in PTEN(+/-) mice compared to PTEN(loxp/cre) in each treatment group. CIL decreased glucose levels in mice receiving WD, ROS and their combination. Insulin levels were higher in the WD+ROS group. CIL decreased insulin in mice receiving WD+ROS. WD, ROS and especially their combination increased PTEN and decreased P-AKT levels. CIL attenuated the effect of WD, ROS and their combination. CONCLUSIONS Long-term ROS can induce diabetes by upregulating PTEN. CIL attenuates these changes. Partial knockdown of PTEN also ameliorates ROS-induced insulin resistance. Further studies are needed to assess the effects of increasing cAMP levels to prevent the induction of diabetes by statins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yochai Birnbaum
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Avicor SW, Wajidi M FF, Jaal Z. Laboratory evaluation of three commercial coil products for protection efficacy against Anopheles gambiae from southern Ghana: a preliminary study. Trop Biomed 2015; 32:386-389. [PMID: 26691267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Residents in irrigated urban agricultural sites face numerous mosquito problems such as increased mosquito populations and reduced insecticides susceptibility due to the creation of mosquito breeding sites and agricultural use of insecticides and hence require effective protective products against them. In this study, the protection effectiveness of three pyrethroid formulated mosquito coils of Malaysian origin against Anopheles gambiae sensu lato from an irrigated urban agricultural site in Ghana were evaluated for their potential use. Sucrose fed An. gambiae s.l. were exposed to insecticide-containing coils in a 70 cm x 70 cm x 70 cm glass chamber to assess the insecticidal effect of the coils. The 0.005% metofluthrin coil caused the most rapid knockdown of 50% of the test mosquitoes. The mean lethal effect of the coils on An. gambiae s.l. were as follows; 0.005% metofluthrin (86%), 0.3% d-allethrin (74.33%), 0.15% d-trans allethrin (72%) and the 0.25% d-allethrin reference coil (69%). The 0.005% metofluthrin coil achieved the highest insecticidal effect on An. gambiae s.l. compared to the other coils and hence performed better than the others as an anti-mosquito product. All the three test coils were effective against An. gambaie s.l. from the irrigated agricultural site compared to the reference coil.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Avicor
- Molecular Entomology Research Group, School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - F F Wajidi M
- Molecular Entomology Research Group, School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Z Jaal
- Vector Control Research Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
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Wagman JM, Achee NL, Grieco JP. Insensitivity to the spatial repellent action of transfluthrin in Aedes aegypti: a heritable trait associated with decreased insecticide susceptibility. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0003726. [PMID: 25879206 PMCID: PMC4400042 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background New vector control paradigms expanding the use of spatial repellents are promising, but there are many gaps in our knowledge about how repellents work and how their long-term use might affect vector populations over time. Reported here are findings from a series of in vitro studies that investigated the plasticity and heritability of spatial repellent (SR) behaviors in Aedes aegypti exposed to airborne transfluthrin, including results that indicate a possible link between repellent insensitivity and insecticide resistance. Methodology/principal findings A dual-choice chamber system was used to observe directional flight behaviors in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes exposed to passively emanating transfluthrin vapors (1.35 mg/m3). Individual SR responder and SR non-responder mosquitoes were identified, collected and maintained separately according to their observed phenotype. Subsequent testing included re-evaluation of behavioral responses in some mosquito cohorts as well as testing the progeny of selectively bred responder and non-responder mosquito strains through nine generations. At baseline (F0 generation), transfluthrin actively repelled mosquitoes in the assay system. F0 mosquitoes repelled upon initial exposure to transfluthrin vapors were no more likely to be repelled again by subsequent exposure 24h later, but repelled mosquitoes allowed to rest for 48h were subsequently repelled at a higher proportion than was observed at baseline. Selective breeding of SR responders for nine generations did not change the proportion of mosquitoes repelled in any generation. However, selective breeding of SR non-responders did produce, after four generations, a strain of mosquitoes that was insensitive to the SR activity of transfluthrin. Compared to the SR responder strain, the SR insensitive strain also demonstrated decreased susceptibility to transfluthrin toxicity in CDC bottle bioassays and a higher frequency of the V1016Ikdr mutation. Conclusions/significance SR responses to volatile transfluthrin are complex behaviors with multiple determinants in Ae. aegypti. Results indicate a role for neurotoxic irritation of mosquitoes by sub-lethal doses of airborne chemical as a mechanism by which transfluthrin can produce SR behaviors in mosquitoes. Accordingly, how prolonged exposure to sub-lethal doses of volatile pyrethroids might impact insecticide resistance in natural vector populations, and how already resistant populations might respond to a given repellent in the field, are important considerations that warrant further monitoring and study. Results also highlight the critical need to develop new repellent active ingredients with novel mechanisms of action. There is growing evidence to support the expanded use of spatial repellents for vector control, but there are still many uncertainties about how repellents work and how their long term use may impact vector populations over time. Here, we conducted a series of in vitro experiments that investigated spatial repellent (SR) behaviors in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes exposed to airborne transfluthrin, a volatile pyrethroid commonly used in repellent products. We were able to show that repellent insensitivity is linked to reduced insecticide susceptibility and increased knock down resistance allele frequency, indicating that sub-lethal doses of airborne transfluthrin can elicit SR behaviors in mosquitoes by inducing an agitated state via neurotoxic pathways independent of olfactory stimulation. This raises questions about how the use of volatile pyrethroid repellents may impact insecticide resistance in target vectors over time, highlighting the need to further understand all of the physiological drivers of SR behaviors and emphasizing the requirement to develop new repellent active ingredients with novel, non-toxic mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M. Wagman
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Division of Tropical Public Health, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Nicole L. Achee
- College of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
| | - John P. Grieco
- College of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
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Gleeson EC, Graham JE, Spiller S, Vetter I, Lewis RJ, Duggan PJ, Tuck KL. Inhibition of N-type calcium channels by fluorophenoxyanilide derivatives. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:2030-45. [PMID: 25871286 PMCID: PMC4413198 DOI: 10.3390/md13042030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of fluorophenoxyanilides, designed to be simplified analogues of previously reported ω-conotoxin GVIA mimetics, were prepared and tested for N-type calcium channel inhibition in a SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma FLIPR assay. N-type or Cav2.2 channel is a validated target for the treatment of refractory chronic pain. Despite being significantly less complex than the originally designed mimetics, up to a seven-fold improvement in activity was observed.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/chemical synthesis
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/chemistry
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/metabolism
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/pharmacology
- Anilides/chemical synthesis
- Anilides/chemistry
- Anilides/metabolism
- Anilides/pharmacology
- Binding, Competitive
- Calcium Channel Blockers/chemical synthesis
- Calcium Channel Blockers/chemistry
- Calcium Channel Blockers/metabolism
- Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology
- Calcium Channels, N-Type/chemistry
- Calcium Channels, N-Type/metabolism
- Calcium Signaling/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drug Design
- Fluorobenzenes/chemical synthesis
- Fluorobenzenes/chemistry
- Fluorobenzenes/metabolism
- Fluorobenzenes/pharmacology
- High-Throughput Screening Assays
- Humans
- Molecular Structure
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
- Neuralgia/drug therapy
- Neuralgia/metabolism
- Neurons/drug effects
- Neurons/metabolism
- Neurotoxins/chemistry
- Pain, Intractable/drug therapy
- Pain, Intractable/metabolism
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- omega-Conotoxin GVIA/chemistry
- omega-Conotoxin GVIA/metabolism
- omega-Conotoxin GVIA/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen C Gleeson
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia.
- CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia.
| | - Janease E Graham
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia.
- CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia.
| | - Sandro Spiller
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Irina Vetter
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Richard J Lewis
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Peter J Duggan
- CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia.
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide SA 5042, Australia.
| | - Kellie L Tuck
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia.
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Ishima T, Futamura T, Ohgi Y, Yoshimi N, Kikuchi T, Hashimoto K. Potentiation of neurite outgrowth by brexpiprazole, a novel serotonin-dopamine activity modulator: a role for serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 25:505-11. [PMID: 25687838 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Brexpiprazole, a novel atypical antipsychotic drug, is currently being tested in clinical trials for treatment of psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and major depressive disorder. The drug is known to act through a combination of partial agonistic activity at 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)1A, and dopamine D2 receptors, and antagonistic activity at 5-HT2A receptors. Accumulating evidence suggests that antipsychotic drugs act by promoting neurite outgrowth. In this study, we examined whether brexpiprazole affected neurite outgrowth in cell culture. We found that brexpiprazole significantly potentiated nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells, in a concentration dependent manner. The selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist, WAY-100,635, was able to block the effects of brexpiprazole on neurite outgrowth, unlike the selective dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, raclopride. Furthermore, the selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonist M100907, but not DOI (5-HT2A receptor agonist), significantly potentiated NGF-induced neurite outgrowth. Moreover, xestospongin C and 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB), both specific inhibitors of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) receptors, significantly blocked the effects of brexpiprazole. These findings suggest that brexpiprazole-induced neurite outgrowth is mediated through 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors, and subsequent Ca(2+) signaling via IP3 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamaki Ishima
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Futamura
- Qs׳ Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuta Ohgi
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan; Qs׳ Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan
| | - Noriko Yoshimi
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan; Qs׳ Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kikuchi
- Qs׳ Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan.
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de Zeeuw D, Anzalone DA, Cain VA, Cressman MD, Heerspink HJL, Molitoris BA, Monyak JT, Parving HH, Remuzzi G, Sowers JR, Vidt DG. Renal effects of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin in patients with diabetes who have progressive renal disease (PLANET I): a randomised clinical trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2015; 3:181-90. [PMID: 25660356 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(14)70246-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of lipid-lowering treatments in renoprotection for patients with diabetes is debated. We studied the renal effects of two statins in patients with diabetes who had proteinuria. METHODS PLANET I was a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group trial done in 147 research centres in Argentina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Denmark, France, Hungary, Italy, Mexico, Romania, and the USA. We enrolled patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes aged 18 years or older with proteinuria (urine protein:creatinine ratio [UPCR] 500-5000 mg/g) and taking stable angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, or both. We randomly assigned participants to atorvastatin 80 mg, rosuvastatin 10 mg, or rosuvastatin 40 mg for 52 weeks. The primary endpoint was change from baseline to week 52 of mean UPCR in each treatment group. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00296374. FINDINGS We enrolled 353 patients: 118 were assigned to rosuvastatin 10 mg, 124 to rosuvastatin 40 mg, and 111 to atorvastatin 80 mg; of these, 325 were included in the intention-to-treat population. UPCR baseline:week 52 ratio was 0·87 (95% CI 0·77-0·99; p=0·033) with atorvastatin 80 mg, 1·02 (0·88-1·18; p=0·83) with rosuvastatin 10 mg, and 0·96 (0·83-1·11; p=0·53) with rosuvastatin 40 mg. In a post-hoc analysis to compare statins, we combined data from PLANET I with those from PLANET II (a similar randomised parallel study of 237 patients with proteinuria but without diabetes; registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00296400). In this analysis, atorvastatin 80 mg lowered UPCR significantly more than did rosuvastatin 10 mg (-15·6%, 95% CI -28·3 to -0·5; p=0·043) and rosuvastatin 40 mg (-18·2%, -30·2 to -4·2; p=0·013). Adverse events occurred in 69 (60%) of 116 patients in the rosuvastatin 10 mg group versus 79 (64%) of 123 patients in the rosuvastatin 40 mg group versus 63 (57%) of 110 patients in the atorvastatin 80 mg group; renal events occurred in nine (7·8%) versus 12 (9·8%) versus five (4·5%). INTERPRETATION Despite high-dose rosuvastatin lowering plasma lipid concentrations to a greater extent than did high-dose atorvastatin, atorvastatin seems to have more renoprotective effects for the studied chronic kidney disease population. FUNDING AstraZeneca.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dick de Zeeuw
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
| | | | | | - Michael D Cressman
- Cardiovascular/Metabolic Unit, Covance, Princeton, NJ, USA (formerly AstraZeneca, Wilmington, DE, USA)
| | - Hiddo J Lambers Heerspink
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Bruce A Molitoris
- Department of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Hans-Henrik Parving
- Department of Medical Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Giuseppe Remuzzi
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Bergamo, Italy
| | - James R Sowers
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Donald G Vidt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Guresir MS, Nurullahoglu KE. Role of the nitric oxide on rosuvastatin-induced relaxation of the calf cardiac vein during cooling. BRATISL MED J 2014; 115:753-6. [PMID: 25520222 DOI: 10.4149/bll_2014_145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors including rosuvastatin do not only lower plasma cholesterol but also have non-cholesterol lowering effects on the vessel wall, which decrease cardiovascular complications. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of cooling (to 28 °C) on the vasodilatation induced by rosuvastatin (10-9-3x10-4M) on serotonin-pre-contracted calf cardiac vein and the role of nitric oxide in these effects. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ring preparations of veins obtained from calf hearts were suspended in organ baths containing 25 ml of Krebs-Henseleit solution, maintained at 37 °C and continuously gassed with 95% O(2)-5% CO(2). After a resting period, preparations were contracted with serotonin (10-6 M) at 37 °C. RESULTS Rosuvastatin produced concentration-dependent relaxation of calf cardiac vein precontracted with serotonin (10-6 M). During cooling, the pIC(50) value, but not the maximal response, to rosuvastatin was significantly higher than at 37 °C. Cooling to 28 °C in the presence of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 10-4 M) decreased the pIC(50) values to rosuvastatin. CONCLUSION The results of the present study suggested that nitric oxide played an essential role in the cooling-induced changes of rosuvastatin in calf cardiac vein (Fig. 1, Ref. 23).
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Sapienza P, Borrelli V, Sterpetti AV, Biacchi D, Venturini L, Tartaglia E, Bononi M, Di Marzo L. Statins reduce levels of metalloproteinases in patients with carotid occlusive disease. INT ANGIOL 2014; 33:530-539. [PMID: 25491403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM Pharmaceutical stabilization of an unstable low-grade carotid artery stenosis delays surgery and improve outcome. Statins can be used to reduce intimal media thickness. Our aim was to determine the clinical and biological effects of rosuvastatin on plaque stabilization or regression. METHODS Forty-two consecutive male patients presenting with an asymptomatic internal carotid artery plaque uniformly anechogenic (group 1) 40-50% lumen diameter reduction formed the basis of the study. A group of 35 patients affected with a uniformly echogenic carotid artery stenosis (40-50%) served as control (group 2). Patients were followed-up every 8-month for 2 years with B-mode ultrasonography and color imaging. A computed tomography angiography (CTA) was performed before the initiation of the study period and at the end to confirm plaque characteristics and the degree of stenosis. Ticlopidine (250 mg/day) and rosuvastatin (10 mg/day) were administered. One blood sample was drawn at every control to assess the release of matrix metallopoteinases (MMPs)-1, -2, -3, -9, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs)-1 and -2. RESULTS After the administration of rosuvastatin plasma level of MMP-1, -2, -3 and -9 significantly decreased in both groups (P<0.001). Conversely, plasma level of TIMP-1 and -2 significantly increased in both groups (P<0.001). B-mode ultrasonography and color imaging and CTA failed to demonstrate a stabilization or regression of uniformly anehogenic carotid plaque during follow-up. CONCLUSION Rosuvastatin decreases the plasma level of MMPs and increases those of TIMPs. However, neither progression nor stabilization of low-grade unstable carotid plaques was seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sapienza
- Department of Surgery "Pietro Valdoni", "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy -
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Ng TWK, Ooi EMM, Watts GF, Chan DC, Weir JM, Meikle PJ, Barrett PHR. Dose-dependent effects of rosuvastatin on the plasma sphingolipidome and phospholipidome in the metabolic syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:E2335-40. [PMID: 25140396 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-1665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Statins are effective cholesterol-lowering agents that reduce cardiovascular disease risk but also have pleiotropic effects that may extend to other lipid classes. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article was to investigate, in a post hoc analysis, the dose-dependent effects of rosuvastatin on plasma sphingolipids and phospholipids in men with the metabolic syndrome. METHODS Subjects (n = 12) were studied in a randomized, double-blind, triple-crossover trial of a 5-week treatment period with placebo or rosuvastatin (10 or 40 mg/day) with 2-week washouts between treatments. Plasma sphingolipid profiling was determined by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Rosuvastatin at 10 mg/d (R10) and 40 mg/d (R40) significantly (all P < .001 unless stated otherwise) lowered plasma cholesterol (-34% and -42% [% change with R10 and with R40, respectively]), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-49% and -57%) and triglyceride (-24%, P =.03 and -42%) concentrations. Compared with placebo, R10 and R40 significantly decreased the plasma levels of total sphingolipids including those of ceramide (-33% and -37%), sphingomyelin (-27% and -31%), monohexosylceramide (-40% and -47%), dihexosylceramide (-31% and -34%), and trihexosylceramide (-29% and -31%), and GM3 gangliosides (-29% and -26%), lysophosphatidylcholine (-32% and -37%), alkylphosphatidylcholine (-19% and -19%), phosphatidylcholine (-17% and -19%), alkenylphosphatidylcholine (plasmalogen) (-20% and -22%), alkylphosphatidylethanolamine (-20%, P =.008 and -24%, P =.02), alkenylphosphatidylethanolamine (plasmalogen) (-24%, P =.003 and -23%, P =.007), phosphatidylglycerol (-24%, P =.07, -31%, P =.046), and phosphatidylinositol (-34% and -40%). No significant changes were found with phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine. Significant dose effects were found with the majority of the plasma sphingolipids, whereas only phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, alkylphosphatidylcholine, alkenylphosphatidylcholine (plasmalogen), and phosphatidylinositol had significant dose effects. Similar changes were found with plasma sphingolipids when results were normalized to the total phosphatidylcholine concentration. CONCLUSIONS Rosuvastatin dose-dependently lowers plasma sphingolipids and phospholipids, independent of low-density lipoprotein lowering, in men with the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore W K Ng
- Metabolic Research Centre (T.W.K.N., E.M.M.O., G.F.W., D.C.C., P.H.R.B.), School of Medicine and Pharmacology, and Faculty of Engineering (P.H.R.B.), Computing and Mathematics, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; and Metabolomics Laboratory (T.W.K.N., J.M.W., P.J.M.), Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
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Xu J, Ren D, Fu M, Gao Y, Lou Y, Cai S, Qian J, Ge J. [MicroRNA-210 mediates the protective effect of rosuvastatin on human mesenchymal stem cells apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor-α]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2014; 42:932-937. [PMID: 25620256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effect and mechanism of rosuvastatin on tumor necrosis factor-α induced human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) apoptosis. METHOD Human MSCs were treated as follows: (1) culture medium; (2) TNF-α (20 µg/ml) for 6 h; (3) rosuvastatin (20 µmol/L) for 24 h; (4) rosuvastatin (20 µmol/L) for 24 h followed by TNF-α (20 µg/ml) for 6 h; (5) TNF-α+rosuvastatin+50 nmol/L antago-miRNA; (6) TNF-α+rosuvastatin+100 nmol/L antago-miRNA. Cell survival and apoptosis were determined by MTT, TUNEL and caspase-3 activity assay. The changes of miRNA-210 in each group were detected with quantitative PCR. RESULT TNF-α significantly induced human MSCs apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner, and pretreatment with rosuvastatin significantly reduced MSCs apoptosis (caspase-3 assay: TNF-α+Statin group vs. TNF-α group: (1.63 ± 0.25) vs. (2.05 ± 0.36), P < 0.05). Meanwhile, TNF-α progressively reduced the expression of miRNA-210 in human MSCs in a dose-dependent manner, while the miRNA-210 expression was significantly upregulated in TNF-α+Statin group (P < 0.05). The protective effect of rosuvastatin on TNF-α induced MSCs apoptosis was largely abolished by co-treatment with 100 nmol/L antago-miRNA (TUNEL:TNF-α + Statin + antago-miR group vs. TNF-α + Statin group: (42.58 ± 6.71) % vs. (16.87 ± 9.27) %, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Pretreatment with rosuvastatin can significantly improve the viability of human MSCs after TNF-α injury, the protective mechanism of rosuvastatin is partly mediated through miRNA-210 up-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Daoyuan Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mingqiang Fu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanhua Gao
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi Lou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Sishi Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Juying Qian
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Junbo Ge
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Bhoopathy S, Bode C, Naageshwaran V, Weiskircher-Hildebrandt EA, Hidalgo IJ. Case study 6. Transporter case studies: in vitro solutions for translatable outcomes. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1113:485-511. [PMID: 24523127 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-758-7_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Assessing the interactions of a new drug candidate with transporters, either as a substrate or as an inhibitor, is no simple matter. There are many clinically relevant transporters, as many as nine to be evaluated for an FDA submission and up to eleven for the EMA as of 2013. Additionally, it is likely that if a compound is a substrate or inhibitor of one transporter, it will be so for other transporters as well. There are practically no specific substrates or inhibitors, presumably because the specificities of drug transporters are so broad and overlapping, and even fewer clinically relevant probes that can be used to evaluate transporter function in humans. In the case of some transporters, it is advisable to evaluate an NCE with more than one test system and/or more than one probe substrate in order to convince oneself (and regulatory authorities) that a clinical drug interaction study is not warranted. Finally, each test system has its own unique set of advantages and disadvantages. One has to really appreciate the nuances of the available tools (test systems, probe substrates, etc.) to select the best tools for the job and design the optimal in vitro experiment. In this chapter, several examples are used to illustrate the successful interpretation of in vitro data for both efflux and uptake transporters. Some data presented in this chapter is unpublished at the time of compilation of this book. It has been incorporated in this chapter to provide a sense of complexities in transporter kinetics to the reader.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sid Bhoopathy
- Absorption Systems LP, 436 Creamery Way, Suite 600, Exton, PA, USA
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Luo B, Li B, Wang W, Liu X, Liu X, Xia Y, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Zhang M, An F. Rosuvastatin alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and MAPK pathways in a type 2 diabetes rat model. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2014; 28:33-43. [PMID: 24254031 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-013-6498-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is important in inflammation of several diabetic complications. However, the potential role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the inflammatory process of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains unclear. Although rosuvastatin (RSV) has an anti-inflammatory effect on some cardiovascular diseases, its influence on DCM is incompletely understood. We aimed to explore the effect on and underlying mechanism of RSV in DCM, and whether NLRP3 is a target for RSV. METHODS Type 2 diabetes was induced in rat. The characteristics of type 2 DCM were evaluated by metabolic tests, echocardiography and histopathology. The expression of factors was determined by real-time RT-PCR and western blot. Eight-week RSV treatment and NLRP3 gene silencing were used to investigate the effect and underlying target of RSV in DCM. RESULTS Compared with controls, diabetic rats showed severe metabolic disorder, cardiac dysfunction, fibrosis, disorganized ultrastructure, and excessive activation of thioredoxin interacting/inhibiting protein (TXNIP, p < 0.05), NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, p < 0.01; apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain [ASC], p < 0.05; caspase-1, p < 0.01), interleukin-1β (p < 0.01) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs, all p < 0.01). Compared with diabetes alone, RSV ameliorated the overexpression of NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, p < 0.05; ASC, p < 0.05; pro-caspase-1 p < 0.05, caspase-1 p20, p < 0.01) and MAPKs (all p < 0.05), which paralleled the cardiac protection of RSV. Silencing NLRP3 ameliorated cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. The beneficial effects of RSV in vehicle-treated rats were all abrogated in NLRP3-silenced rats. CONCLUSIONS The beneficial effect of RSV on DCM depended on inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome, and correlated with suppression of the MAPKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, No.107, Wen Hua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
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Yamashita A, Morioka M, Kishi H, Kimura T, Yahara Y, Okada M, Fujita K, Sawai H, Ikegawa S, Tsumaki N. Statin treatment rescues FGFR3 skeletal dysplasia phenotypes. Nature 2014; 513:507-11. [PMID: 25231866 DOI: 10.1038/nature13775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gain-of-function mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene (FGFR3) result in skeletal dysplasias, such as thanatophoric dysplasia and achondroplasia (ACH). The lack of disease models using human cells has hampered the identification of a clinically effective treatment for these diseases. Here we show that statin treatment can rescue patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) models and a mouse model of FGFR3 skeletal dysplasia. We converted fibroblasts from thanatophoric dysplasia type I (TD1) and ACH patients into iPSCs. The chondrogenic differentiation of TD1 iPSCs and ACH iPSCs resulted in the formation of degraded cartilage. We found that statins could correct the degraded cartilage in both chondrogenically differentiated TD1 and ACH iPSCs. Treatment of ACH model mice with statin led to a significant recovery of bone growth. These results suggest that statins could represent a medical treatment for infants and children with TD1 and ACH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Yamashita
- Cell Induction and Regulation Field, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Miho Morioka
- Cell Induction and Regulation Field, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kishi
- Cell Induction and Regulation Field, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- 1] Cell Induction and Regulation Field, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan [2] Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Yahara
- Cell Induction and Regulation Field, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Minoru Okada
- Cell Induction and Regulation Field, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kaori Fujita
- Cell Induction and Regulation Field, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hideaki Sawai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Laboratory of Bone and Joint Diseases, Center for Integrated Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Tsumaki
- 1] Cell Induction and Regulation Field, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan [2] Japan Science and Technology Agency, CREST, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
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Hiyoshi T, Kambe D, Karasawa J, Chaki S. Involvement of glutamatergic and GABAergic transmission in MK-801-increased gamma band oscillation power in rat cortical electroencephalograms. Neuroscience 2014; 280:262-74. [PMID: 25220900 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hypofunction of the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAr) has been considered to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In rodent electroencephalogram (EEG) studies, non-competitive NMDAr antagonists have been reported to produce aberrant basal gamma band oscillation (GBO), as observed in schizophrenia. Aberrations in GBO power have attracted attention as a translational biomarker for the development of novel antipsychotic drugs. However, the neuronal mechanisms as well as the pharmacological significance of NMDAr antagonist-induced aberrant GBO power have not been fully investigated. In the present study, to address the above questions, we examined the pharmacological properties of MK-801 (0.1 mg/kg)-increased basal GBO power in rat cortical EEG. Riluzole (3-10 mg/kg), a glutamate release inhibitor, reduced the MK-801-increased basal GBO power. In contrast, L-838,417 (1-3 mg/kg), an α2/3/5 subunit-selective GABAA receptor-positive allosteric modulator, enhanced the GBO increase. Antipsychotics such as haloperidol (0.05-0.3 mg/kg) and clozapine (1-10 mg/kg) dose-dependently attenuated the MK-801-increased GBO power. Likewise, LY379268 (0.3-3 mg/kg), an metabotropic glutamate 2/3 receptor (mGlu2/3 receptor) agonist, reduced the GBO increase in a dose-dependent manner, which was antagonized by an mGlu2/3 receptor antagonist LY341495. These results suggest that an increase in cortical GBO power induced by NMDAr hypofunction can be attributed to the aberrant activities of both excitatory pyramidal neurons and inhibitory interneurons in local circuits. The aberrant cortical GBO power reflecting cortical network dysfunction observed in schizophrenia might be a useful biomarker for the discovery of novel antipsychotic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hiyoshi
- Pharmacology 1, Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama, Saitama 331-9530, Japan.
| | - D Kambe
- Pharmacology 1, Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - J Karasawa
- Pharmacology 1, Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
| | - S Chaki
- Pharmacology 1, Pharmacology Laboratories, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-403 Yoshino-cho, Kita-ku, Saitama, Saitama 331-9530, Japan
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Wu N, Li W, Lv Y, Shu W, Jia D. Cardioprotective effects of low-dose combination therapy with rosuvastatin and fasudil in the isolated rat heart. Pharmazie 2014; 69:704-708. [PMID: 25272944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The cardiovascular pleiotropic effects of statins and a Rho-kinase inhibitor (fasudil) could be of interest to prevent myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI). In the present study, we investigated whether low-dose rosuvastatin and fasudil, separately not possessing cardioprotection, express cardioprotective effects when combined. The isolated rat hearts underwent 30 min global ischemia and 120 min reperfusion. Rosuvastatin (3 microM) and fasudil (1 microM) were administered 15 min before ischemia. NG-nitro-L-arginine methylester (30 microM) (L-NAME) was given at the onset of reperfusion. Myocardial infarct size, apoptosis, myocardial nitric oxide (NO) content and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression were evaluated. The combination treatment significantly decreased infarct size and percentage of apoptosis and increased the content of NO and eNOS expression, whereas treatment with rosuvastatin and fasudil alone at the same doses did not lead to cardioprotection. Furthermore, L-NAME reversed the cardioprotective effect of rosuvastatin/fasudil combination treatment. In summary, rosuvastatin combined with fasudil treatment had synergistic protective effects against MIRI, which were mediated by increasing eNOS and NO production. This new concept could be valuable in MIRI prevention.
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