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Callebaut A, Guyer P, Derua R, Buitinga M, Manganaro A, Yi X, Sodré FMC, Vig S, Suleiman M, Marchetti P, Eizirik DL, Kent SC, Mathieu C, James EA, Overbergh L. CD4+ T Cells From Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes Respond to a Novel Class of Deamidated Peptides Formed in Pancreatic Islets. Diabetes 2024; 73:728-742. [PMID: 38387030 PMCID: PMC11043062 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The β-cell plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes, in part through the posttranslational modification of self-proteins by biochemical processes such as deamidation. These neoantigens are potential triggers for breaking immune tolerance. We report the detection by LC-MS/MS of 16 novel Gln and 27 novel Asn deamidations in 14 disease-related proteins within inflammatory cytokine-stressed human islets of Langerhans. T-cell clones responsive against one Gln- and three Asn-deamidated peptides could be isolated from peripheral blood of individuals with type 1 diabetes. Ex vivo HLA class II tetramer staining detected higher T-cell frequencies in individuals with the disease compared with control individuals. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between the frequencies of T cells specific for deamidated peptides, insulin antibody levels at diagnosis, and duration of disease. These results highlight that stressed human islets are prone to enzymatic and biochemical deamidation and suggest that both Gln- and Asn-deamidated peptides can promote the activation and expansion of autoreactive CD4+ T cells. These findings add to the growing evidence that posttranslational modifications undermine tolerance and may open the road for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic applications for individuals living with type 1 diabetes. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Aïsha Callebaut
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Perrin Guyer
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Rita Derua
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anthony Manganaro
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Xiaoyan Yi
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Saurabh Vig
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mara Suleiman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Decio L. Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sally C. Kent
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Chantal Mathieu
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eddie A. James
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Lut Overbergh
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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2
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Ettinger RA, Buitinga M, Vandamme C, Afonso G, Gomez R, Arribas-Layton D, Bissenova S, Speake C, Reijonen H, Kinnunen T, Overbergh L, Mallone R, Kwok WW, James EA. Technical Validation and Utility of an HLA Class II Tetramer Assay for Type 1 Diabetes: A Multicenter Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 109:183-196. [PMID: 37474341 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Validated assays to measure autoantigen-specific T-cell frequency and phenotypes are needed for assessing the risk of developing diabetes, monitoring disease progression, evaluating responses to treatment, and personalizing antigen-based therapies. OBJECTIVE Toward this end, we performed a technical validation of a tetramer assay for HLA-DRA-DRB1*04:01, a class II allele that is strongly associated with susceptibility to type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS HLA-DRA-DRB1*04:01-restricted T cells specific for immunodominant epitopes from islet cell antigens GAD65, IGRP, preproinsulin, and ZnT8, and a reference influenza epitope, were enumerated and phenotyped in a single staining tube with a tetramer assay. Single and multicenter testing was performed, using a clone-spiked specimen and replicate samples from T1D patients, with a target coefficient of variation (CV) less than 30%. The same assay was applied to an exploratory cross-sectional sample set with 24 T1D patients to evaluate the utility of the assay. RESULTS Influenza-specific T-cell measurements had mean CVs of 6% for the clone-spiked specimen and 11% for T1D samples in single-center testing, and 20% and 31%, respectively, for multicenter testing. Islet-specific T-cell measurements in these same samples had mean CVs of 14% and 23% for single-center and 23% and 41% for multicenter testing. The cross-sectional study identified relationships between T-cell frequencies and phenotype and disease duration, sex, and autoantibodies. A large fraction of the islet-specific T cells exhibited a naive phenotype. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that the assay is reproducible and useful to characterize islet-specific T cells and identify correlations between T-cell measures and clinical traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth A Ettinger
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Céline Vandamme
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Georgia Afonso
- Diabetes and Autoimmunity Research Laboratory, Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Rebecca Gomez
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - David Arribas-Layton
- Department of Immunology and Theranostics, City of Hope Medical Center, Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Samal Bissenova
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cate Speake
- Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Helena Reijonen
- Department of Immunology and Theranostics, City of Hope Medical Center, Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Tuure Kinnunen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
- Eastern Finland Laboratory Centre (ISLAB), 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lut Overbergh
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roberto Mallone
- Diabetes and Autoimmunity Research Laboratory, Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, 75014 Paris, France
- Department of Internal Medicine, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Diabétologie et Immunologie Clinique, Cochin Hospital, 75014 Paris, France
| | - William W Kwok
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Eddie A James
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
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3
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Harmsen JF, Kotte M, Habets I, Bosschee F, Frenken K, Jorgensen JA, de Kam S, Moonen-Kornips E, Cissen J, Doligkeit D, van de Weijer T, Erazo-Tapia E, Buitinga M, Hoeks J, Schrauwen P. Exercise training modifies skeletal muscle clock gene expression but not 24-hour rhythmicity in substrate metabolism of men with insulin resistance. J Physiol 2023. [PMID: 38051503 DOI: 10.1113/jp285523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty-four hour rhythmicity in whole-body substrate metabolism, skeletal muscle clock gene expression and mitochondrial respiration is compromised upon insulin resistance. With exercise training known to ameliorate insulin resistance, our objective was to test if exercise training can reinforce diurnal variation in whole-body and skeletal muscle metabolism in men with insulin resistance. In a single-arm longitudinal design, 10 overweight and obese men with insulin resistance performed 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training recurrently in the afternoon (between 14.00 and 18.00 h) and were tested pre- and post-exercise training, while staying in a metabolic research unit for 2 days under free-living conditions with regular meals. On the second days, indirect calorimetry was performed at 08.00, 13.00, 18.00, 23.00 and 04.00 h, muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis at 08.30, 13.30 and 23.30 h, and blood was drawn at least bi-hourly over 24 h. Participants did not lose body weight over 12 weeks, but improved body composition and exercise capacity. Exercise training resulted in reduced 24-h plasma glucose levels, but did not modify free fatty acid and triacylglycerol levels. Diurnal variation of muscle clock gene expression was modified by exercise training with period genes showing an interaction (time × exercise) effect and reduced mRNA levels at 13.00 h. Exercise training increased mitochondrial respiration without inducing diurnal variation. Twenty-four-hour substrate metabolism and energy expenditure remained unchanged. Future studies should investigate alternative exercise strategies or types of interventions (e.g. diet or drugs aiming at improving insulin sensitivity) for their capacity to reinforce diurnal variation in substrate metabolism and mitochondrial respiration. KEY POINTS: Insulin resistance is associated with blunted 24-h flexibility in whole-body substrate metabolism and skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration, and disruptions in the skeletal muscle molecular circadian clock. We hypothesized that exercise training modifies 24-h rhythmicity in whole-body substrate metabolism and diurnal variation in skeletal muscle molecular clock and mitochondrial respiration in men with insulin resistance. We found that metabolic inflexibility over 24 h persisted after exercise training, whereas mitochondrial respiration increased independent of time of day. Gene expression of Per1-3 and Rorα in skeletal muscle changed particularly close to the time of day at which exercise training was performed. These results provide the rationale to further investigate the differential metabolic impact of differently timed exercise to treat metabolic defects of insulin resistance that manifest at a particular time of day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Frieder Harmsen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marit Kotte
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo Habets
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frederieke Bosschee
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Koen Frenken
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna A Jorgensen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Soraya de Kam
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Moonen-Kornips
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jochem Cissen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Doligkeit
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tineke van de Weijer
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Edmundo Erazo-Tapia
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joris Hoeks
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Buitinga M, Veeraiah P, Haans F, Schrauwen-Hinderling VB. Ectopic lipid deposition in muscle and liver, quantified by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:2447-2459. [PMID: 37667838 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the development of noninvasive imaging techniques have spurred investigations into ectopic lipid deposition in the liver and muscle and its implications in the development of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Computed tomography and ultrasound have been applied in the past, though magnetic resonance-based methods are currently considered the gold standard as they allow more accurate quantitative detection of ectopic lipid stores. This review focuses on methodological considerations of magnetic resonance-based methods to image hepatic and muscle fat fractions, and it emphasizes anatomical and morphological aspects and how these may influence data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijke Buitinga
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pandichelvam Veeraiah
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Scannexus (Ultra-High Field Imaging Center), Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Florian Haans
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Vera B Schrauwen-Hinderling
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center and Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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5
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Bissenova S, Buitinga M, Boesch M, Korf H, Casteels K, Teunkens A, Mathieu C, Gysemans C. High-Throughput Analysis of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Levels in Subtypes of People with Type 1 Diabetes. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:882. [PMID: 37372166 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils might play an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D), by contributing to immune dysregulation via a highly inflammatory program called neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation or NETosis, involving the extrusion of chromatin entangled with anti-microbial proteins. However, numerous studies reported contradictory data on NET formation in T1D. This might in part be due to the inherent heterogeneity of the disease and the influence of the disease developmental stage on neutrophil behavior. Moreover, there is a lack of a standardized method to measure NETosis in an unbiased and robust manner. In this study, we employed the Incucyte® ZOOM live-cell imaging platform to study NETosis levels in various subtypes of adult and pediatric T1D donors compared to healthy controls (HC) at baseline and in response to phorbol-myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin. Firstly, we determined that the technique allows for an operator-independent and automated quantification of NET formation across multiple time points, which showed that PMA and ionomycin induced NETosis with distinct kinetic characteristics, confirmed by high-resolution microscopy. NETosis levels also showed a clear dose-response curve to increasing concentrations of both stimuli. Overall, using Incucyte® ZOOM, no aberrant NET formation was observed over time in the different subtypes of T1D populations, irrespective of age, compared to HC. These data were corroborated by the levels of peripheral NET markers in all study participants. The current study showed that live-cell imaging allows for a robust and unbiased analysis and quantification of NET formation in real-time. Peripheral neutrophil measures should be complemented with dynamic quantification of NETing neutrophils to make robust conclusions on NET formation in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samal Bissenova
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Boesch
- Laboratory of Hepatology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hannelie Korf
- Laboratory of Hepatology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kristina Casteels
- Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - An Teunkens
- Anesthesiology and Algology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chantal Mathieu
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Conny Gysemans
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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6
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Bissenova S, Ellis D, Callebaut A, Eelen G, Derua R, Buitinga M, Mathieu C, Gysemans C, Overbergh L. NET Proteome in Established Type 1 Diabetes Is Enriched in Metabolic Proteins. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091319. [PMID: 37174719 PMCID: PMC10177393 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a T-cell-mediated destruction of the pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells. A growing body of evidence suggests that abnormalities in neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation (NETosis) are associated with T1D pathophysiology. However, little information is available on whether these changes are primary neutrophil defects or related to the environmental signals encountered during active disease. METHODS In the present work, the NET proteome (NETome) of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)- and ionomycin-stimulated neutrophils from people with established T1D compared to healthy controls (HC) was studied by proteomic analysis. RESULTS Levels of NETosis, in addition to plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and NET markers, were comparable between T1D and HC subjects. However, the T1D NETome was distinct from that of HC in response to both stimuli. Quantitative analysis revealed that the T1D NETome was enriched in proteins belonging to metabolic pathways (i.e., phosphoglycerate kinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase). Complementary metabolic profiling revealed that the rate of extracellular acidification, an approximate measure for glycolysis, and mitochondrial respiration were similar between T1D and HC neutrophils in response to both stimuli. CONCLUSION The NETome of people with established T1D was enriched in metabolic proteins without an apparent alteration in the bio-energetic profile or dysregulated NETosis. This may reflect an adaptation mechanism employed by activated T1D neutrophils to avoid impaired glycolysis and consequently excessive or suboptimal NETosis, pivotal in innate immune defence and the resolution of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samal Bissenova
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology (CEE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Darcy Ellis
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology (CEE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aïsha Callebaut
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology (CEE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Eelen
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rita Derua
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation & Proteomics, Department Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- SyBioMa, Proteomics Core Facility, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Chantal Mathieu
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology (CEE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Conny Gysemans
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology (CEE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lut Overbergh
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology (CEE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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7
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Jansen TJP, Buitinga M, Boss M, Nijhoff MF, Brom M, de Galan BE, van der Graaf M, van Koeverden S, Vantyghem MC, Beron A, Pattou F, Engelse MA, Velikyan I, Eriksson O, de Koning EJP, Gotthardt M. Monitoring beta cell survival after intrahepatic islet transplantation using dynamic exendin PET imaging: a proof-of-concept study in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 2023:148679. [PMID: 37068261 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Intrahepatic transplantation of islets of Langerhans (ITx) is a treatment option for individuals with complicated type 1 diabetes and profoundly unstable glycemic control, but its therapeutic success is hampered by deterioration of graft function over time. To improve ITx strategies, technologies to non-invasively monitor the fate and survival of transplanted islets over time, are of great potential value. We used [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-exendin-4 (68Ga-exendin) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging to demonstrate the feasibility to quantify beta cell mass in intrahepatic islet grafts in 13 individuals with type 1 diabetes, 9 after ITx with functional islet grafts and 4 non-transplanted controls. Beta cell function was measured by mixed-meal tolerance test. With dynamic 68Ga-exendin PET/CT images, we determined tracer accumulation in hepatic hotspots, and intrahepatic fat was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. Quantification of hepatic hotspots showed a significantly higher uptake of 68Ga-exendin in the ITx group compared to controls (0.55 [0.51-0.63] vs. 0.43 [0.42-0.45]). GLP-1 receptor expression was found in transplanted islets by immunohistochemistry. Intrahepatic fat was not detected in the majority of the individuals. Our study provides the first clinical evidence that radiolabeled exendin imaging can be used to monitor viable transplanted islets after intraportal ITx. (ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT03785236).
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodorus J P Jansen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marti Boss
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel F Nijhoff
- Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Brom
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan E de Galan
- Internal Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Internal Medicine, Maxima Medical Center, Veldhoven, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Marie-Christine Vantyghem
- Endocrinology, CHU Lille, Lille, France
- U1190 Translational Research for Diabetes, Univ Lille, CHU Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - François Pattou
- U1190 Translational Research for Diabetes, Univ Lille, CHU Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur Lille, Lille, France
| | - Marten A Engelse
- Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Irina Velikyan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Olof Eriksson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eelco J P de Koning
- Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Gotthardt
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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8
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Jansen TJP, Brom M, Boss M, Buitinga M, Tack CJ, van Meijel LA, de Galan BE, Gotthardt M. Importance of beta cell mass for glycaemic control in people with type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2023; 66:367-375. [PMID: 36394644 PMCID: PMC9669532 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05830-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The role of beta cell mass in the balance of glucose control and hypoglycaemic burden in people with type 1 diabetes is unclear. We applied positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with radiolabelled exendin to compare beta cell mass among people with type 1 diabetes and either low glucose variability (LGV) or high glucose variability (HGV). METHODS All participants with either LGV (n=9) or HGV (n=7) underwent a mixed-meal tolerance test to determine beta cell function and wore a blinded continuous glucose monitor for a week. After an i.v. injection with [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-exendin-4, PET images were acquired for the quantification of pancreatic uptake of radiolabelled exendin. The mean standardised uptake value (SUVmean) of the pancreas was used to determine the amount of beta cell mass. RESULTS Participants with LGV had lower HbA1c (46.0 mmol/mol [44.5-52.5] [6.4% (6.3-7)] vs 80 mmol/mol [69.0-110] [9.5% (8.5-12.2)], p=0.001) and higher time in range (TIR) (75.6% [73.5-90.3] vs 38.7% [25.1-48.5], p=0.002) than those with HGV. The SUVmean of the pancreas was higher for the LGV than for the HGV group (5.1 [3.6-5.6] vs 2.9 [2.1-3.4], p=0.008). The AUCC-peptide:AUCglucose ratio was numerically, but not statistically, higher in the LGV compared with the HGV group (2.7×10-2 [6.2×10-4-5.3×10-2] vs 9.3×10-4 [4.7×10-4-5.2×10-3], p=0.21). SUVmean correlated with the AUCC-peptide:AUCglucose ratio (Pearson r=0.64, p=0.01), as well as with the TIR (r=0.64, p=0.01) and the SD of interstitial glucose levels (r=-0.66, p=0.007). CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION Our data show higher beta cell mass in people with type 1 diabetes and LGV than in those with HGV, independent of beta cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodorus J P Jansen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten Brom
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Marti Boss
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Cees J Tack
- Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lian A van Meijel
- Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Internal Medicine, Maxima Medical Center, Veldhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan E de Galan
- Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Internal Medicine, Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Disease, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Gotthardt
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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9
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Prasad V, Boss M, Rottenburger C, Brenner W, Blankenstein O, Prasad S, Buitinga M, Shah P, Gotthardt M. Reply: 68Ga NODAGA-Exendin-4 PET Scanning for Focal Congenital Hyperinsulinism: Need for Replication. J Nucl Med 2022; 63:493-494. [PMID: 35232881 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.263167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Martin Gotthardt
- Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen, The Netherlands E-mail:
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10
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Callebaut A, Bruggeman Y, Zamit C, Sodré FMC, Irla M, Mathieu C, Buitinga M, Overbergh L. Aberrant expression of transglutaminase 2 in pancreas and thymus of NOD mice underscores the importance of deamidation in neoantigen generation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:908248. [PMID: 35966081 PMCID: PMC9367685 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.908248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications can lead to a break in immune tolerance in autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes (T1D). Deamidation, the conversion of glutamine to glutamic acid by transglutaminase (TGM) enzymes, is a post-translational modification of interest, with deamidated peptides being reported as autoantigens in T1D. However, little is known about how Tgm2, the most ubiquitously expressed Tgm isoform, is regulated and how tolerance against deamidated peptides is lost. Here, we report on the aberrant expression and regulation of Tgm2 in the pancreas and thymus of NOD mice. We demonstrate that Tgm2 expression is induced by the inflammatory cytokines IL1β and IFNγ in a synergistic manner and that murine pancreatic islets of NOD mice have higher Tgm2 levels, while Tgm2 levels in medullary thymic epithelial cells are reduced. We thus provide the first direct evidence to our knowledge that central tolerance establishment against deamidated peptides might be impaired due to lower Tgm2 expression in NOD medullary thymic epithelial cells, which together with the aberrantly high levels of deamidated peptides in NOD β-cells underscores the role of deamidation in amplifying T-cell reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aїsha Callebaut
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ylke Bruggeman
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cloé Zamit
- CNRS, INSERM, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Fernanda Marques Câmara Sodré
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Magali Irla
- CNRS, INSERM, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Chantal Mathieu
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Lut Overbergh
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Lut Overbergh,
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11
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Azoury ME, Samassa F, Buitinga M, Nigi L, Brusco N, Callebaut A, Giraud M, Irla M, Lalanne AI, Carré A, Afonso G, Zhou Z, Brandao B, Colli ML, Sebastiani G, Dotta F, Nakayama M, Eizirik DL, You S, Pinto S, Mamula MJ, Verdier Y, Vinh J, Buus S, Mathieu C, Overbergh L, Mallone R. CD8 + T Cells Variably Recognize Native Versus Citrullinated GRP78 Epitopes in Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2021; 70:2879-2891. [PMID: 34561224 PMCID: PMC8660990 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In type 1 diabetes, autoimmune β-cell destruction may be favored by neoantigens harboring posttranslational modifications (PTMs) such as citrullination. We studied the recognition of native and citrullinated glucose-regulated protein (GRP)78 peptides by CD8+ T cells. Citrullination modulated T-cell recognition and, to a lesser extent, HLA-A2 binding. GRP78-reactive CD8+ T cells circulated at similar frequencies in healthy donors and donors with type 1 diabetes and preferentially recognized either native or citrullinated versions, without cross-reactivity. Rather, the preference for native GRP78 epitopes was associated with CD8+ T cells cross-reactive with bacterial mimotopes. In the pancreas, a dominant GRP78 peptide was instead preferentially recognized when citrullinated. To further clarify these recognition patterns, we considered the possibility of citrullination in the thymus. Citrullinating peptidylarginine deiminase (Padi) enzymes were expressed in murine and human medullary epithelial cells (mTECs), with citrullinated proteins detected in murine mTECs. However, Padi2 and Padi4 expression was diminished in mature mTECs from NOD mice versus C57BL/6 mice. We conclude that, on one hand, the CD8+ T cell preference for native GRP78 peptides may be shaped by cross-reactivity with bacterial mimotopes. On the other hand, PTMs may not invariably favor loss of tolerance because thymic citrullination, although impaired in NOD mice, may drive deletion of citrulline-reactive T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mijke Buitinga
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laura Nigi
- Toscana Life Sciences, Diabetes Unit and Fondazione Umberto di Mario ONLUS, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Noemi Brusco
- Toscana Life Sciences, Diabetes Unit and Fondazione Umberto di Mario ONLUS, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Aïsha Callebaut
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Giraud
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, INSERM UMR1064, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Magali Irla
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, INSERM, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Ana Ines Lalanne
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Alexia Carré
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Georgia Afonso
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Zhicheng Zhou
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Barbara Brandao
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Maikel L Colli
- Medical Faculty, Center for Diabetes Research and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guido Sebastiani
- Toscana Life Sciences, Diabetes Unit and Fondazione Umberto di Mario ONLUS, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Dotta
- Toscana Life Sciences, Diabetes Unit and Fondazione Umberto di Mario ONLUS, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Maki Nakayama
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- Medical Faculty, Center for Diabetes Research and Welbio, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Sylvaine You
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Sheena Pinto
- Division of Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Yann Verdier
- ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique et Protéomique, CNRS UMR8249, Paris, France
| | - Joelle Vinh
- ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Spectrométrie de Masse Biologique et Protéomique, CNRS UMR8249, Paris, France
| | - Soren Buus
- Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, Panum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chantal Mathieu
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lut Overbergh
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roberto Mallone
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Diabétologie et Immunologie Clinique, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
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12
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Dorst DN, Rijpkema M, Buitinga M, Walgreen B, Helsen MMA, Brennan E, Klein C, Laverman P, Ramming A, Schmidkonz C, Kuwert T, Schett G, van der Kraan PM, Gotthardt M, Koenders MI. Targeting of fibroblast activation protein in rheumatoid arthritis patients: imaging and ex vivo photodynamic therapy. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 61:2999-3009. [PMID: 34450633 PMCID: PMC9258553 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Activated synovial fibroblasts are key effector cells in RA. Selectively depleting these based upon their expression of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is an attractive therapeutic approach. Here we introduce FAP imaging of inflamed joints using 68Ga-FAPI-04 in a RA patient, and aim to assess feasibility of anti-FAP targeted photodynamic therapy (FAP-tPDT) ex vivo using 28H1-IRDye700DX on RA synovial explants. Methods Remnant synovial tissue from RA patients was processed into 6 mm biopsies and, from several patients, into primary fibroblast cell cultures. Both were treated using FAP-tPDT. Cell viability was measured in fibroblast cultures and biopsies were evaluated for histological markers of cell damage. Selectivity of the effect of FAP-tPDT was assessed using flow cytometry on primary fibroblasts and co-cultured macrophages. Additionally, one RA patient intravenously received 68Ga-FAPI-04 and was scanned using PET/CT imaging. Results In the RA patient, FAPI-04 PET imaging showed high accumulation of the tracer in arthritic joints with very low background signal. In vitro, FAP-tPDT induced cell death in primary RA synovial fibroblasts in a light dose-dependent manner. An upregulation of cell damage markers was observed in the synovial biopsies after FAP-tPDT. No significant effects of FAP-tPDT were noted on macrophages after FAP-tPDT of neighbouring fibroblasts. Conclusion In this study the feasibility of selective FAP-tPDT in synovium of rheumatoid arthritis patients ex vivo is demonstrated. Furthermore, this study provides the first indication that FAP-targeted PET/CT can be used to image arthritic joints, an important step towards application of FAP-tPDT as a targeted locoregional therapy for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne N Dorst
- Department of medical imaging: Nuclear medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Rijpkema
- Department of medical imaging: Nuclear medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Birgitte Walgreen
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Monique M A Helsen
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Evan Brennan
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Klein
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Peter Laverman
- Department of medical imaging: Nuclear medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Ramming
- Department of medicine 3, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universtitätsklinikum Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Torsten Kuwert
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of medicine 3, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universtitätsklinikum Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Martin Gotthardt
- Department of medical imaging: Nuclear medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marije I Koenders
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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13
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Boss M, Rottenburger C, Brenner W, Blankenstein O, Prasad V, Prasad S, de Coppi P, Kühnen P, Buitinga M, Nuutila P, Otonkoski T, Hussain K, Brom M, Eek A, Bomanji JB, Shah P, Gotthardt M. 68Ga-NODAGA-exendin-4 PET improves the detection of focal congenital hyperinsulinism. J Nucl Med 2021; 63:310-315. [PMID: 34215672 PMCID: PMC8805776 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.262327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgery with curative intent can be offered to congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) patients, provided that the lesion is focal. Radiolabeled exendin-4 specifically binds the glucagonlike peptide 1 receptor on pancreatic β-cells. In this study, we compared the performance of 18F-DOPA PET/CT, the current standard imaging method for CHI, and PET/CT with the new tracer 68Ga-NODAGA-exendin-4 in the preoperative detection of focal CHI. Methods: Nineteen CHI patients underwent both 18F-DOPA PET/CT and 68Ga-NODAGA-exendin-4 PET/CT before surgery. The images were evaluated in 3 settings: a standard clinical reading, a masked expert reading, and a joint reading. The target (lesion)-to-nontarget (normal pancreas) ratio was determined using SUVmax. Image quality was rated by pediatric surgeons in a questionnaire. Results: Fourteen of 19 patients having focal lesions underwent surgery. On the basis of clinical readings, the sensitivity of 68Ga-NODAGA-exendin-4 PET/CT (100%; 95% CI, 77%–100%) was higher than that of 18F-DOPA PET/CT (71%; 95% CI, 42%–92%). Interobserver agreement between readings was higher for 68Ga-NODAGA-exendin-4 than for 18F-DOPA PET/CT (Fleiss κ = 0.91 vs. 0.56). 68Ga-NODAGA-exendin-4 PET/CT provided significantly (P = 0.021) higher target-to-nontarget ratios (2.02 ± 0.65) than did 18F-DOPA PET/CT (1.40 ± 0.40). On a 5-point scale, pediatric surgeons rated 68Ga-NODAGA-exendin-4 PET/CT as superior to 18F-DOPA PET/CT. Conclusion: For the detection of focal CHI, 68Ga-NODAGA-exendin-4 PET/CT has higher clinical sensitivity and better interobserver correlation than 18F-DOPA PET/CT. Better contrast and image quality make 68Ga-NODAGA-exendin-4 PET/CT superior to 18F-DOPA PET/CT in surgeons’ intraoperative quest for lesion localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marti Boss
- Radboud University Medical Center, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Paolo de Coppi
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pratik Shah
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust
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14
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Bruggeman Y, Sodré FMC, Buitinga M, Mathieu C, Overbergh L, Kracht MJL. Targeting citrullination in autoimmunity: insights learned from preclinical mouse models. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:269-281. [PMID: 33896351 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.1918104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aberrant citrullination and excessive peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) activity are detected in numerous challenging autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes. Because excessive PAD activity is a common denominator in these diseases, PADs are interesting potential therapeutic targets for future therapies. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the advances made in the design of PAD inhibitors, their utilization and therapeutic potential in preclinical mouse models of autoimmunity. Relevant literature encompasses studies from 1994 to 2021 that are available on PubMed.gov. EXPERT OPINION Pan-PAD inhibition is a promising therapeutic strategy for autoimmune diseases. Drugs achieving pan-PAD inhibition were capable of ameliorating, reversing, and preventing clinical symptoms in preclinical mouse models. However, the implications for PADs in key biological processes potentially present a high risk for clinical complications and could hamper the translation of PAD inhibitors to the clinic. We envisage that PAD isozyme-specific inhibitors will improve the understanding the role of PAD isozymes in disease pathology, reduce the risk of side-effects and enhance prospects for future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylke Bruggeman
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fernanda M C Sodré
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Chantal Mathieu
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lut Overbergh
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria J L Kracht
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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15
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Sodré FMC, Bissenova S, Bruggeman Y, Tilvawala R, Cook DP, Berthault C, Mondal S, Callebaut A, You S, Scharfmann R, Mallone R, Thompson PR, Mathieu C, Buitinga M, Overbergh L. Peptidylarginine Deiminase Inhibition Prevents Diabetes Development in NOD Mice. Diabetes 2021; 70:516-528. [PMID: 33203696 PMCID: PMC7881854 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein citrullination plays a role in several autoimmune diseases. Its involvement in murine and human type 1 diabetes has recently been recognized through the discovery of antibodies and T-cell reactivity against citrullinated peptides. In the current study, we demonstrate that systemic inhibition of peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs), the enzymes mediating citrullination, through BB-Cl-amidine treatment, prevents diabetes development in NOD mice. This prevention was associated with reduced levels of citrullination in the pancreas, decreased circulating autoantibody titers against citrullinated glucose-regulated protein 78, and reduced spontaneous neutrophil extracellular trap formation of bone marrow-derived neutrophils. Moreover, BB-Cl-amidine treatment induced a shift from Th1 to Th2 cytokines in the serum and an increase in the frequency of regulatory T cells in the blood and spleen. In the pancreas, BB-Cl-amidine treatment preserved insulin production and was associated with a less destructive immune infiltrate characterized by reduced frequencies of effector memory CD4+ T cells and a modest reduction in the frequency of interferon-γ-producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Our results point to a role of citrullination in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes, with PAD inhibition leading to disease prevention through modulation of immune pathways. These findings provide insight in the potential of PAD inhibition for treating autoimmune diseases like type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda M C Sodré
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Samal Bissenova
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ylke Bruggeman
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ronak Tilvawala
- Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS
| | - Dana P Cook
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Claire Berthault
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Santanu Mondal
- Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Aïsha Callebaut
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sylvaine You
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | | | - Roberto Mallone
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Paris Centre-Université de Paris, Cochin Hospital, Service de Diabétologie et Immunologie Clinique, Paris, France
| | - Paul R Thompson
- Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Chantal Mathieu
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lut Overbergh
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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16
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Dorst DN, Rijpkema M, Boss M, Walgreen B, Helsen MMA, Bos DL, Brom M, Klein C, Laverman P, van der Kraan PM, Gotthardt M, Koenders MI, Buitinga M. Targeted photodynamic therapy selectively kills activated fibroblasts in experimental arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 59:3952-3960. [PMID: 32734285 PMCID: PMC7733717 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In RA, synovial fibroblasts become activated. These cells express fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and contribute to the pathogenesis by producing cytokines, chemokines and proteases. Selective depletion in inflamed joints could therefore constitute a viable treatment option. To this end, we developed and tested a new therapeutic strategy based on the selective destruction of FAP-positive cells by targeted photodynamic therapy (tPDT) using the anti-FAP antibody 28H1 coupled to the photosensitizer IRDye700DX. Methods After conjugation of IRDye700DX to 28H1, the immunoreactive binding and specificity of the conjugate were determined. Subsequently, tPDT efficiency was established in vitro using a 3T3 cell line stably transfected with FAP. The biodistribution of [111In]In-DTPA-28H1 with and without IRDye700DX was assessed in healthy C57BL/6N mice and in C57BL/6N mice with antigen-induced arthritis. The potential of FAP-tPDT to induce targeted damage was determined ex vivo by treating knee joints from C57BL/6N mice with antigen-induced arthritis 24 h after injection of the conjugate. Finally, the effect of FAP-tPDT on arthritis development was determined in mice with collagen-induced arthritis. Results 28H1-700DX was able to efficiently induce FAP-specific cell death in vitro. Accumulation of the anti-FAP antibody in arthritic knee joints was not affected by conjugation with the photosensitizer. Arthritis development was moderately delayed in mice with collagen-induced arthritis after FAP-tPDT. Conclusion Here we demonstrate the feasibility of tPDT to selectively target and kill FAP-positive fibroblasts in vitro and modulate arthritis in vivo using a mouse model of RA. This approach may have therapeutic potential in (refractory) arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne N Dorst
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Rijpkema
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marti Boss
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Birgitte Walgreen
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Monique M A Helsen
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Desirée L Bos
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Brom
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Klein
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Peter Laverman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter M van der Kraan
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Gotthardt
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marije I Koenders
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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17
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Aarntzen E, Achilefu S, Akam EA, Albaghdadi M, Beer AJ, Bharti S, Bhujwalla ZM, Bischof GN, Biswal S, Boss M, Botnar RM, Brinson Z, Brom M, Buitinga M, Bulte JW, Caravan P, Chan HP, Chandy M, Chaney AM, Chen DL, Chen X(S, Chenevert TL, Coughlin JM, Covington MF, Cumming P, Daldrup-Link HE, Deal EM, de Galan B, Derlin T, Dewhirst MW, Di Paolo A, Drzezga A, Du Y, Thi-Quynh Duong M, Ehman RL, Eriksson O, Galli F, Gatenby RA, Gelovani J, Giehl K, Giger ML, Goel R, Gold G, Gotthardt M, Graham MM, Gropler RJ, Gründer G, Gulhane A, Hadjiiski L, Hajhosseiny R, Hammoud DA, Helfer BM, Hicks RJ, Higuchi T, Hoffman JM, Honer M, Huang SC(H, Hung J, Hwang DW, Jackson IM, Jacobs AH, Jaffer FA, Jain SK, James ML, Jansen T, Johansson L, Joosten L, Kakkad S, Kamson D, Kang SR, Kelly KA, Knopp MI, Knopp MV, Kogan F, Krishnamachary B, Künnecke B, Lee DS, Libby P, Luker GD, Luker KE, Makowski MR, Mankoff DA, Massoud TF, Meyer CR, Miller Z, Min JJ, Mondal SB, Montesi SB, Navin PJ, Nekolla SG, Niu G, Notohamiprodjo S, Ordoñez AA, Osborn EA, Pacheco-Torres J, Pagano G, Palmer GM, Paulmurugan R, Penet MF, Phinikaridou A, Pomper MG, Prieto C, Qi H, Raghunand N, Ramar T, Reynolds F, Ropella-Panagis K, Ross BD, Rowe SP, Rudin M, Sadaghiani MS, Sager H, Samala R, Saraste A, Schelhaas S, Schwaiger M, Schwarz SW, Seiberlich N, Shapiro MG, Shim H, Signore A, Solnes LB, Suh M, Tsien C, van Eimeren T, Varasteh Z, Venkatesh SK, Viel T, Waerzeggers Y, Wahl RL, Weber W, Werner RA, Winkeler A, Wong DF, Wright CL, Wu AM, Wu JC, Yoon D, You SH, Yuan C, Yuan H, Zanzonico P, Zhao XQ, Zhou IY, Zinnhardt B. Contributors. Mol Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816386-3.01004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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18
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Joosten L, Boss M, Jansen T, Brom M, Buitinga M, Aarntzen E, Eriksson O, Johansson L, de Galan B, Gotthardt M. Molecular Imaging of Diabetes. Mol Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816386-3.00041-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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19
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Buitinga M, Cohrs CM, Eter WA, Claessens-Joosten L, Frielink C, Bos D, Sandker G, Brom M, Speier S, Gotthardt M. Noninvasive Monitoring of Glycemia-Induced Regulation of GLP-1R Expression in Murine and Human Islets of Langerhans. Diabetes 2020; 69:2246-2252. [PMID: 32843570 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) imaging with radiolabeled exendin has proven to be a powerful tool to quantify β-cell mass (BCM) in vivo. As GLP-1R expression is thought to be influenced by glycemic control, we examined the effect of blood glucose (BG) levels on GLP-1R-mediated exendin uptake in both murine and human islets and its implications for BCM quantification. Periods of hyperglycemia significantly reduced exendin uptake in murine and human islets, which was paralleled by a reduction in GLP-1R expression. Detailed mapping of the tracer uptake and insulin and GLP-1R expression conclusively demonstrated that the observed reduction in tracer uptake directly correlates to GLP-1R expression levels. Importantly, the linear correlation between tracer uptake and β-cell area was maintained in spite of the reduced GLP-1R expression levels. Subsequent normalization of BG levels restored absolute tracer uptake and GLP-1R expression in β-cells and the observed loss in islet volume was halted. This manuscript emphasizes the potency of nuclear imaging techniques to monitor receptor regulation noninvasively. Our findings have significant implications for clinical practice, indicating that BG levels should be near-normalized for at least 3 weeks prior to GLP-1R agonist treatment or quantitative radiolabeled exendin imaging for BCM analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijke Buitinga
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Christian M Cohrs
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Wael A Eter
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Cathelijne Frielink
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Desirée Bos
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerwin Sandker
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten Brom
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Stephan Speier
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Gotthardt
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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20
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Jansen TJP, van Lith SAM, Boss M, Brom M, Joosten L, Béhé M, Buitinga M, Gotthardt M. Exendin-4 analogs in insulinoma theranostics. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2020; 62:656-672. [PMID: 31070270 PMCID: PMC6771680 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Insulinomas, neuroendocrine tumors arising from pancreatic beta cells, often show overexpression of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor. Therefore, imaging with glucagon‐like peptide analog exendin‐4 can be used for diagnosis and preoperative localization. This review presents an overview of the development and clinical implementation of exendin‐based tracers for nuclear imaging, and the potential use of exendin‐4 based tracers for optical imaging and therapeutic applications such as peptide receptor radionuclide therapy or targeted photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom J P Jansen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne A M van Lith
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marti Boss
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Brom
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lieke Joosten
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Béhé
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martin Gotthardt
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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21
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Boss M, Bos D, Frielink C, Sandker G, Bronkhorst P, van Lith SAM, Brom M, Buitinga M, Gotthardt M. Receptor-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor-Positive Lesions. J Nucl Med 2020; 61:1588-1593. [PMID: 32385165 PMCID: PMC8679620 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.238998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia is challenging. Surgical treatment of insulinomas and focal lesions in congenital hyperinsulinism is invasive and carries major risks of morbidity. Medication to treat nesidioblastosis and diffuse congenital hyperinsulinism has varying efficacy and causes significant side effects. Here, we describe a novel method for therapy of hyperinsulinemic hyperglycemia, highly selectively killing β-cells by receptor-targeted photodynamic therapy (rtPDT) with exendin-4-IRDye700DX, targeting the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R). Methods: A competitive binding assay was performed using Chinese hamster lung (CHL) cells transfected with the GLP-1R. The efficacy and specificity of rtPDT with exendin-4-IRDye700DX were examined in vitro in cells with different levels of GLP-1R expression. Tracer biodistribution was determined in BALB/c nude mice bearing subcutaneous CHL-GLP-1R xenografts. Induction of cellular damage and the effect on tumor growth were analyzed to determine treatment efficacy. Results: Exendin-4-IRDye700DX has a high affinity for the GLP-1R, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 6.3 nM. rtPDT caused significant specific phototoxicity in GLP-1R–positive cells (2.3% ± 0.8% and 2.7% ± 0.3% remaining cell viability in CHL-GLP-1R and INS-1 cells, respectively). The tracer accumulates dose-dependently in GLP-1R–positive tumors. In vivo, rtPDT induces cellular damage in tumors, shown by strong expression of cleaved caspase-3, and leads to a prolonged median survival of the mice (36.5 vs. 22.5 d, respectively; P < 0.05). Conclusion: These data show in vitro as well as in vivo evidence of the potency of rtPDT using exendin-4-IRDye700DX. This approach might in the future provide a new, minimally invasive, highly specific treatment method for hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marti Boss
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Desiree Bos
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Cathelijne Frielink
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerwin Sandker
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Bronkhorst
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne A M van Lith
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Brom
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Gotthardt
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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22
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Boss M, Bos D, Frielink C, Sandker G, Ekim S, Marciniak C, Pattou F, van Dam G, van Lith S, Brom M, Gotthardt M, Buitinga M. Targeted Optical Imaging of the Glucagonlike Peptide 1 Receptor Using Exendin-4-IRDye 800CW. J Nucl Med 2020; 61:1066-1071. [PMID: 31924726 PMCID: PMC7383075 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.234542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of choice for insulinomas and focal lesions in congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is surgery. However, intraoperative detection can be challenging. This challenge could be overcome with intraoperative fluorescence imaging, which provides real-time lesion detection with a high spatial resolution. Here, a novel method for targeted near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging of glucagonlike peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R)–positive lesions, using the GLP-1 agonist exendin-4 labeled with IRDye 800CW, was examined in vitro and in vivo. Methods: A competitive binding assay was performed using Chinese hamster lung (CHL) cells transfected with GLP-1R. Tracer biodistribution was determined in BALB/c nude mice bearing subcutaneous CHL-GLP-1R xenografts. In vivo NIR fluorescence imaging of CHL-GLP-1R xenografts was performed. Localization of the tracer in the pancreatic islets of BALB/c nude mice was examined using fluorescence microscopy. Laparoscopic imaging was performed to detect the fluorescent signal of the tracer in the pancreas of mini pigs. Results: Exendin-4-IRDye 800CW binds GLP-1R with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 3.96 nM. The tracer accumulates in CHL-GLP-1R xenografts. Subcutaneous CHL-GLP-1R xenografts were visualized using in vivo NIR fluorescence imaging. The tracer accumulates specifically in the pancreatic islets of mice, and a clear fluorescent signal was detected in the pancreas of mini pigs. Conclusion: These data provide the first in vivo evidence of the feasibility of targeted fluorescence imaging of GLP-1R–positive lesions. Intraoperative lesion delineation using exendin-4-IRDye 800CW could benefit open as well as laparoscopic surgical procedures for removal of insulinomas and focal lesions in CHI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marti Boss
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Desiree Bos
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Cathelijne Frielink
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerwin Sandker
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Selen Ekim
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Camille Marciniak
- Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, University Hospital 2 Lille, Lille, France
| | - Francois Pattou
- Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, University Hospital 2 Lille, Lille, France
| | - Go van Dam
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; and
| | - Sanne van Lith
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Brom
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Gotthardt
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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23
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Boss M, Buitinga M, Jansen TJP, Brom M, Visser EP, Gotthardt M. PET-Based Human Dosimetry of 68Ga-NODAGA-Exendin-4, a Tracer for β-Cell Imaging. J Nucl Med 2019; 61:112-116. [PMID: 31519801 PMCID: PMC6954461 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.228627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
68Ga-NODAGA-exendin-4 is a promising tracer for β-cell imaging using PET/CT. Possible applications include preoperative visualization of insulinomas and discrimination between focal and diffuse forms of congenital hyperinsulinism. There is also a significant role for this tracer in extending our knowledge on the role of β-cell mass in the pathophysiology of type 1 and type 2 diabetes by enabling noninvasive quantification of tracer uptake as a measure for β-cell mass. Calculating radiation doses from this tracer is important to assess its safety for use in patients (including young children) with benign diseases and healthy individuals. Methods: Six patients with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia were included. After intravenous injection of 100 MBq of the tracer, 4 successive PET/CT scans were obtained at 30, 60, 120, and 240 min after injection. Tracer activity in the pancreas, kidneys, duodenum, and remainder of the body were determined, and time-integrated activity coefficients for the measured organs were calculated. OLINDA/EXM software, version 1.1, was applied to calculate radiation doses using the reference adult male and female models and to estimate radiation doses to children. Results: The mean total effective dose for adults was very low (0.71 ± 0.07 mSv for a standard injected dose of 100 MBq). The organ with the highest absorbed dose was the kidney (47.3 ± 10.2 mGy/100 MBq). The estimated effective dose was 2.32 ± 0.32 mSv for an injected dose of 20 MBq in newborns. This dose decreased to 0.77 ± 0.11 mSv/20 MBq for 1-y-old children and 0.59 ± 0.05 mSv for an injected dose of 30 MBq in 5-y-old children. Conclusion: Our human PET/CT-based dosimetric calculations show that the effective radiation doses from the novel tracer 68Ga-NODAGA-exendin-4 are very low for adults and children. The doses are lower than reported for other polypeptide tracers such as somatostatin analogs (2.1–2.6 mSv/100 MBq) and are beneficial for application as a research tool, especially when repeated examinations are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marti Boss
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom J P Jansen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Brom
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eric P Visser
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Gotthardt
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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24
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Boss M, Rooijackers HMM, Buitinga M, Janssen MJR, Arens AIJ, de Geus-Oei LF, Salm LP, de Galan BE, Gotthardt M. PET imaging during hypoglycaemia to study adipose tissue metabolism. Eur J Clin Invest 2019; 49:e13120. [PMID: 31002171 PMCID: PMC6618104 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disturbances in adipose tissue glucose uptake may play a role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, yet its examination by 2-deoxy-2-[18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18 F]FDG) PET/CT is challenged by relatively low uptake kinetics. We tested the hypothesis that performing [18 F]FDG PET/CT during a hypoglycaemic clamp would improve adipose tissue tracer uptake to allow specific comparison of adipose tissue glucose handling between people with or without type 2 diabetes. DESIGN We enrolled participants with or without diabetes who were at least overweight, to undergo a hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemic clamp or a hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp (n = 5 per group). Tracer uptake was quantified using [18 F]FDG PET/CT. RESULTS Hypoglycaemic clamping increased [18 F]FDG uptake in visceral adipose tissue of healthy participants (P = 0.002). During hypoglycaemia, glucose uptake in visceral adipose tissue of type 2 diabetic participants was lower as compared to healthy participants (P < 0.0005). No significant differences were observed in skeletal muscle, liver or pancreas. CONCLUSIONS The present findings indicate that [18 F]FDG PET/CT during a hypoglycaemic clamp provides a promising new research tool to evaluate adipose tissue glucose metabolism. Using this method, we observed a specific impairment in visceral adipose tissue [18 F]FDG uptake in type 2 diabetes, suggesting a previously underestimated role for adipose tissue glucose handling in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marti Boss
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Hanne M M Rooijackers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Anne I J Arens
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Liesbeth P Salm
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan E de Galan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Gotthardt
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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25
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Vig S, Buitinga M, Rondas D, Crèvecoeur I, van Zandvoort M, Waelkens E, Eizirik DL, Gysemans C, Baatsen P, Mathieu C, Overbergh L. Cytokine-induced translocation of GRP78 to the plasma membrane triggers a pro-apoptotic feedback loop in pancreatic beta cells. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:309. [PMID: 30952835 PMCID: PMC6450900 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1518-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) is an ubiquitously expressed endoplasmic reticulum chaperone, with a central role in maintaining protein homeostasis. Recently, an alternative role for GRP78 under stress conditions has been proposed, with stress-induced extracellular secretion and translocation of GRP78 to the cell surface where it acts as a multifunctional signaling receptor. Here we demonstrate translocation of GRP78 to the surface of human EndoC-βH1 cells and primary human islets upon cytokine exposure, in analogy to observations in rodent INS-1E and MIN6 beta cell lines. We show that GRP78 is shuttled via the anterograde secretory pathway, through the Golgi complex and secretory granules, and identify the DNAJ homolog subfamily C member 3 (DNAJC3) as a GRP78-interacting protein that facilitates its membrane translocation. Evaluation of downstream signaling pathways, using N- and C-terminal anti-GRP78 blocking antibodies, demonstrates that both GRP78 signaling domains initiate pro-apoptotic signaling cascades in beta cells. Extracellular GRP78 itself is identified as a ligand for cell surface GRP78 (sGRP78), increasing caspase 3/7 activity and cell death upon binding, which is accompanied by enhanced Chop and Bax mRNA expression. These results suggest that inflammatory cytokines induce a self-destructive pro-apoptotic feedback loop through the secretion and membrane translocation of GRP78. This proapoptotic function distinguishes the role of sGRP78 in beta cells from its reported anti-apoptotic and proliferative role in cancer cells, opening the road for the use of compounds that block sGRP78 as potential beta cell-preserving therapies in type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Vig
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dieter Rondas
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Inne Crèvecoeur
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc van Zandvoort
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism NUTRIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Etienne Waelkens
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,SyBioMa, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Conny Gysemans
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Baatsen
- Electron Microscopy Platform of VIB Bio Imaging Core at KU Leuven and VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chantal Mathieu
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lut Overbergh
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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26
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Gotthardt M, Eizirik DL, Aanstoot HJ, Korsgren O, Mul D, Martin F, Boss M, Jansen TJP, van Lith SAM, Buitinga M, Eriksson O, Cnop M, Brom M. Detection and quantification of beta cells by PET imaging: why clinical implementation has never been closer. Diabetologia 2018; 61:2516-2519. [PMID: 30284016 PMCID: PMC6223852 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-018-4745-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In this issue of Diabetologia, Alavi and Werner ( https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-018-4676-1 ) criticise the attempts to use positron emission tomography (PET) for in vivo imaging of pancreatic beta cells, which they consider as 'futile'. In support of this strong statement, they point out the limitations of PET imaging, which they believe render beta cell mass impossible to estimate using this method. In our view, the Alavi and Werner presentation of the technical limitations of PET imaging does not reflect the current state of the art, which leads them to questionable conclusions towards the feasibility of beta cell imaging using this approach. Here, we put forward arguments in favour of continuing the development of innovative technologies enabling in vivo imaging of pancreatic beta cells and concisely present the current state of the art regarding putative technical limitations of PET imaging. Indeed, far from being a 'futile' effort, we demonstrate that beta cell imaging is now closer than ever to becoming a long-awaited clinical reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Gotthardt
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Henk-Jan Aanstoot
- Diabeter, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Olle Korsgren
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dick Mul
- Diabeter, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Marti Boss
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tom J P Jansen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne A M van Lith
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olof Eriksson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Miriam Cnop
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maarten Brom
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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27
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Buitinga M, Jansen T, van der Kroon I, Woliner-van der Weg W, Boss M, Janssen M, Aarntzen E, Béhé M, Wild D, Visser E, Brom M, Gotthardt M. Succinylated Gelatin Improves the Theranostic Potential of Radiolabeled Exendin-4 in Insulinoma Patients. J Nucl Med 2018; 60:812-816. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.219980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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28
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Buitinga M, Callebaut A, Marques Câmara Sodré F, Crèvecoeur I, Blahnik-Fagan G, Yang ML, Bugliani M, Arribas-Layton D, Marré M, Cook DP, Waelkens E, Mallone R, Piganelli JD, Marchetti P, Mamula MJ, Derua R, James EA, Mathieu C, Overbergh L. Inflammation-Induced Citrullinated Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 Elicits Immune Responses in Human Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2018; 67:2337-2348. [PMID: 30348823 PMCID: PMC6973547 DOI: 10.2337/db18-0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The β-cell has become recognized as a central player in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes with the generation of neoantigens as potential triggers for breaking immune tolerance. We report that posttranslationally modified glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is a novel autoantigen in human type 1 diabetes. When human islets were exposed to inflammatory stress induced by interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-γ, arginine residue R510 within GRP78 was converted into citrulline, as evidenced by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. This conversion, known as citrullination, led to the generation of neoepitopes, which effectively could be presented by HLA-DRB1*04:01 molecules. With the use of HLA-DRB1*04:01 tetramers and ELISA techniques, we demonstrate enhanced antigenicity of citrullinated GRP78 with significantly increased CD4+ T-cell responses and autoantibody titers in patients with type 1 diabetes compared with healthy control subjects. Of note, patients with type 1 diabetes had a predominantly higher percentage of central memory cells and a lower percentage of effector memory cells directed against citrullinated GRP78 compared with the native epitope. These results strongly suggest that citrullination of β-cell proteins, exemplified here by the citrullination of GRP78, contributes to loss of self-tolerance toward β-cells in human type 1 diabetes, indicating that β-cells actively participate in their own demise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijke Buitinga
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aïsha Callebaut
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Inne Crèvecoeur
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Meghan Marré
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Dana P Cook
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Etienne Waelkens
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- SyBioMa, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roberto Mallone
- INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jon D Piganelli
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | | | - Rita Derua
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- SyBioMa, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Chantal Mathieu
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lut Overbergh
- Laboratory for Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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29
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Eter WA, Van der Kroon I, Andralojc K, Buitinga M, Willekens SMA, Frielink C, Bos D, Joosten L, Boerman OC, Brom M, Gotthardt M. Non-invasive in vivo determination of viable islet graft volume by 111In-exendin-3. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7232. [PMID: 28775287 PMCID: PMC5543140 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07815-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic islet transplantation is a promising therapy for patients with type 1 diabetes. However, the duration of long-term graft survival is limited due to inflammatory as well as non-inflammatory processes and routine clinical tests are not suitable to monitor islet survival. 111In-exendin-SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) is a promising method to non-invasively image islets after transplantation and has the potential to help improve the clinical outcome. Whether 111In-exendin-SPECT allows detecting small differences in beta-cell mass (BCM) and measuring the actual volume of islets that were successfully engrafted has yet to be demonstrated. Here, we evaluated the performance of 111In-exendin-SPECT using an intramuscular islet transplantation model in C3H mice. In vivo imaging of animals transplanted with 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 islets revealed an excellent linear correlation between SPECT quantification of 111In-exendin uptake and insulin-positive area of islet transplants, demonstrating that 111In-exendin-SPECT specifically and accurately measures BCM. The high sensitivity of the method allowed measuring small differences in graft volumes, including grafts that contained less than 50 islets. The presented method is reliable, convenient and holds great potential for non-invasive monitoring of BCM after islet transplantation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael A Eter
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Inge Van der Kroon
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Karolina Andralojc
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mijke Buitinga
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefanie M A Willekens
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Cathelijne Frielink
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Desiree Bos
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lieke Joosten
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Otto C Boerman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Brom
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Gotthardt
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Buitinga M, Janeczek Portalska K, Cornelissen DJ, Plass J, Hanegraaf M, Carlotti F, de Koning E, Engelse M, van Blitterswijk C, Karperien M, van Apeldoorn A, de Boer J. Coculturing Human Islets with Proangiogenic Support Cells to Improve Islet Revascularization at the Subcutaneous Transplantation Site. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 22:375-85. [PMID: 26871862 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
While subcutaneous tissue has been proposed as a clinically relevant site for pancreatic islet transplantation, a major issue of concern remains, which is its poor vascular state. In an effort to overcome this limitation, we present an efficient and reproducible method to form human composite islets (CIs) with proangiogenic cell types in a controlled manner using nonadherent agarose microwell templates. In this study, we assessed the three-dimensional structure, function, and angiogenic potential of human CIs with human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs), with or without human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and preconditioned hMSCs (PC-hMSCs) in EGM-2 under shear stress. Distinct cellular rearrangements could be observed in CIs, but islet functionality was maintained. In vitro angiogenesis assays found significantly enhanced sprout formation in case of CIs. In particular, the number of sprouts emanating from CIs with PC-hMSCs was significantly increased compared to other conditions. Subsequent in vivo assessment confirmed the proangiogenic potential of CIs. However, in contrast to our in vitro angiogenesis assays, CIs with hMSCs and HUVECs exhibited a higher in vivo angiogenic potential compared to control islets or islets combined with hMSCs or PC-hMSCs. These findings highlight the importance and necessity of verifying in vitro studies with in vivo models to reliably predict, in this case, revascularization outcomes. Regardless, we demonstrate here the therapeutic potential of CIs with proangiogenic support cells to enhance islet revascularization at a clinically relevant, although poorly vascularized, transplantation site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijke Buitinga
- 1 Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente , Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Karolina Janeczek Portalska
- 2 Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente , Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk-Jan Cornelissen
- 1 Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente , Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Plass
- 1 Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente , Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Hanegraaf
- 3 Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Françoise Carlotti
- 3 Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eelco de Koning
- 3 Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden, The Netherlands .,4 Department of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden, The Netherlands .,5 Hubrecht Institute-Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marten Engelse
- 3 Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens van Blitterswijk
- 6 Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine (MERLN), Maastricht University , Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Karperien
- 1 Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente , Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Aart van Apeldoorn
- 1 Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente , Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jan de Boer
- 7 Laboratory for Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine (MERLN) , Maastricht, The Netherlands
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31
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Buitinga M, Truckenmüller R, Engelse MA, Moroni L, Ten Hoopen HWM, van Blitterswijk CA, de Koning EJP, van Apeldoorn AA, Karperien M. Microwell scaffolds for the extrahepatic transplantation of islets of Langerhans. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64772. [PMID: 23737999 PMCID: PMC3667808 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic islet transplantation into the liver has the potential to restore normoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes. However, the suboptimal microenvironment for islets in the liver is likely to be involved in the progressive islet dysfunction that is often observed post-transplantation. This study validates a novel microwell scaffold platform to be used for the extrahepatic transplantation of islet of Langerhans. Scaffolds were fabricated from either a thin polymer film or an electrospun mesh of poly(ethylene oxide terephthalate)-poly(butylene terephthalate) (PEOT/PBT) block copolymer (composition: 4000PEOT30PBT70) and were imprinted with microwells, ∼400 µm in diameter and ∼350 µm in depth. The water contact angle and water uptake were 39±2° and 52.1±4.0 wt%, respectively. The glucose flux through electrospun scaffolds was three times higher than for thin film scaffolds, indicating enhanced nutrient diffusion. Human islets cultured in microwell scaffolds for seven days showed insulin release and insulin content comparable to those of free-floating control islets. Islet morphology and insulin and glucagon expression were maintained during culture in the microwell scaffolds. Our results indicate that the microwell scaffold platform prevents islet aggregation by confinement of individual islets in separate microwells, preserves the islet’s native rounded morphology, and provides a protective environment without impairing islet functionality, making it a promising platform for use in extrahepatic islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijke Buitinga
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Roman Truckenmüller
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Marten A. Engelse
- Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Hetty W. M. Ten Hoopen
- Department of BioMedical Chemisty, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | - Eelco JP. de Koning
- Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Hubrecht Institute–Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aart A. van Apeldoorn
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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