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St-Louis JL, El Jellas K, Velasco K, Slipp BA, Hu J, Helgeland G, Steine SJ, De Jesus DF, Kulkarni RN, Molven A. Deficiency of the metabolic enzyme SCHAD in pancreatic β-cells promotes amino acid-sensitive hypoglycemia. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104986. [PMID: 37392854 PMCID: PMC10407745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital hyperinsulinism of infancy (CHI) can be caused by a deficiency of the ubiquitously expressed enzyme short-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCHAD). To test the hypothesis that SCHAD-CHI arises from a specific defect in pancreatic β-cells, we created genetically engineered β-cell-specific (β-SKO) or hepatocyte-specific (L-SKO) SCHAD knockout mice. While L-SKO mice were normoglycemic, plasma glucose in β-SKO animals was significantly reduced in the random-fed state, after overnight fasting, and following refeeding. The hypoglycemic phenotype was exacerbated when the mice were fed a diet enriched in leucine, glutamine, and alanine. Intraperitoneal injection of these three amino acids led to a rapid elevation in insulin levels in β-SKO mice compared to controls. Consistently, treating isolated β-SKO islets with the amino acid mixture potently enhanced insulin secretion compared to controls in a low-glucose environment. RNA sequencing of β-SKO islets revealed reduced transcription of β-cell identity genes and upregulation of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, protein metabolism, and Ca2+ handling. The β-SKO mouse offers a useful model to interrogate the intra-islet heterogeneity of amino acid sensing given the very variable expression levels of SCHAD within different hormonal cells, with high levels in β- and δ-cells and virtually absent α-cell expression. We conclude that the lack of SCHAD protein in β-cells results in a hypoglycemic phenotype characterized by increased sensitivity to amino acid-stimulated insulin secretion and loss of β-cell identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna L St-Louis
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Clinical Medicine, Gade Laboratory for Pathology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Khadija El Jellas
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Clinical Medicine, Gade Laboratory for Pathology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kelly Velasco
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Gade Laboratory for Pathology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Brittany A Slipp
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Jiang Hu
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Geir Helgeland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Gade Laboratory for Pathology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Solrun J Steine
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Gade Laboratory for Pathology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Dario F De Jesus
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, USA
| | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, USA
| | - Anders Molven
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Gade Laboratory for Pathology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Section for Cancer Genomics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
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Bridgeman S, Ellison G, Newsholme P, Mamotte C. The HDAC Inhibitor Butyrate Impairs β Cell Function and Activates the Disallowed Gene Hexokinase I. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413330. [PMID: 34948127 PMCID: PMC8705743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors such as butyrate have been reported to reduce diabetes risk and protect insulin-secreting pancreatic β cells in animal models. However, studies on insulin-secreting cells in vitro have found that butyrate treatment resulted in impaired or inappropriate insulin secretion. Our study explores the effects of butyrate on insulin secretion by BRIN BD-11 rat pancreatic β cells and examined effects on the expression of genes implicated in β cell function. Robust HDAC inhibition with 5 mM butyrate or trichostatin A for 24 h in β cells decreased basal insulin secretion and content, as well as insulin secretion in response to acute stimulation. Treatment with butyrate also increased expression of the disallowed gene hexokinase I, possibly explaining the impairment to insulin secretion, and of TXNIP, which may increase oxidative stress and β cell apoptosis. In contrast to robust HDAC inhibition (>70% after 24 h), low-dose and acute high-dose treatment with butyrate enhanced nutrient-stimulated insulin secretion. In conclusion, although protective effects of HDAC inhibition have been observed in vivo, potent HDAC inhibition impairs β cell function in vitro. The chronic low dose and acute high dose butyrate treatments may be more reflective of in vivo effects.
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Elksnis A, Schiffer TA, Palm F, Wang Y, Cen J, Turpaev K, Ngamjariyawat A, Younis S, Huang S, Shen Y, Leng Y, Bergsten P, Karlsborn T, Welsh N, Wang X. Imatinib protects against human beta-cell death via inhibition of mitochondrial respiration and activation of AMPK. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:2243-2263. [PMID: 34569605 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib is used in the treatment of various malignancies but may also promote beneficial effects in the treatment of diabetes. The aim of the present investigation was to characterize the mechanisms by which imatinib protects insulin producing cells. Treatment of non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice with imatinib resulted in increased beta-cell AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. Imatinib activated AMPK also in vitro, resulting in decreased ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation and protection against islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP)-aggregation, thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) up-regulation and beta-cell death. 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) mimicked and compound C counteracted the effect of imatinib on beta-cell survival. Imatinib-induced AMPK activation was preceded by reduced glucose/pyruvate-dependent respiration, increased glycolysis rates, and a lowered ATP/AMP ratio. Imatinib augmented the fractional oxidation of fatty acids/malate, possibly via a direct interaction with the beta-oxidation enzyme enoyl coenzyme A hydratase, short chain, 1, mitochondrial (ECHS1). In non-beta cells, imatinib reduced respiratory chain complex I and II-mediated respiration and acyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) phosphorylation, suggesting that mitochondrial effects of imatinib are not beta-cell specific. In conclusion, tyrosine kinase inhibitors modestly inhibit mitochondrial respiration, leading to AMPK activation and TXNIP down-regulation, which in turn protects against beta-cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andris Elksnis
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tomas A Schiffer
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Palm
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yun Wang
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jing Cen
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kyril Turpaev
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anongnad Ngamjariyawat
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shady Younis
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, U.S.A
| | - Suling Huang
- State key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Shen
- State key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Leng
- State key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter Bergsten
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tony Karlsborn
- Swedish Metabolomics Centre, KBC Byggnaden, Plan 3, Linnaeus väg 6, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nils Welsh
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Xuan Wang
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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Barzowska A, Pucelik B, Pustelny K, Matsuda A, Martyniak A, Stępniewski J, Maksymiuk A, Dawidowski M, Rothweiler U, Dulak J, Dubin G, Czarna A. DYRK1A Kinase Inhibitors Promote β-Cell Survival and Insulin Homeostasis. Cells 2021; 10:2263. [PMID: 34571911 PMCID: PMC8467532 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The rising prevalence of diabetes is threatening global health. It is known not only for the occurrence of severe complications but also for the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic, which shows that it exacerbates susceptibility to infections. Current therapies focus on artificially maintaining insulin homeostasis, and a durable cure has not yet been achieved. We demonstrate that our set of small molecule inhibitors of DYRK1A kinase potently promotes β-cell proliferation, enhances long-term insulin secretion, and balances glucagon level in the organoid model of the human islets. Comparable activity is seen in INS-1E and MIN6 cells, in isolated mice islets, and human iPSC-derived β-cells. Our compounds exert a significantly more pronounced effect compared to harmine, the best-documented molecule enhancing β-cell proliferation. Using a body-like environment of the organoid, we provide a proof-of-concept that small-molecule-induced human β-cell proliferation via DYRK1A inhibition is achievable, which lends a considerable promise for regenerative medicine in T1DM and T2DM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Barzowska
- Malopolska Center of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (B.P.); (K.P.); (A.M.); (G.D.)
| | - Barbara Pucelik
- Malopolska Center of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (B.P.); (K.P.); (A.M.); (G.D.)
| | - Katarzyna Pustelny
- Malopolska Center of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (B.P.); (K.P.); (A.M.); (G.D.)
| | - Alex Matsuda
- Malopolska Center of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (B.P.); (K.P.); (A.M.); (G.D.)
| | - Alicja Martyniak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.M.); (J.S.); (J.D.)
| | - Jacek Stępniewski
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.M.); (J.S.); (J.D.)
| | - Anna Maksymiuk
- Department of Drug Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland; (A.M.); (M.D.)
| | - Maciej Dawidowski
- Department of Drug Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland; (A.M.); (M.D.)
| | - Ulli Rothweiler
- The Norwegian Structural Biology Centre, Department of Chemistry, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway;
| | - Józef Dulak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.M.); (J.S.); (J.D.)
| | - Grzegorz Dubin
- Malopolska Center of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (B.P.); (K.P.); (A.M.); (G.D.)
| | - Anna Czarna
- Malopolska Center of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (B.P.); (K.P.); (A.M.); (G.D.)
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Lupse B, Annamalai K, Ibrahim H, Kaur S, Geravandi S, Sarma B, Pal A, Awal S, Joshi A, Rafizadeh S, Madduri MK, Khazaei M, Liu H, Yuan T, He W, Gorrepati KDD, Azizi Z, Qi Q, Ye K, Oberholzer J, Maedler K, Ardestani A. Inhibition of PHLPP1/2 phosphatases rescues pancreatic β-cells in diabetes. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109490. [PMID: 34348155 PMCID: PMC8421018 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell failure is the key pathogenic element of the complex metabolic deterioration in type 2 diabetes (T2D); its underlying pathomechanism is still elusive. Here, we identify pleckstrin homology domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatases 1 and 2 (PHLPP1/2) as phosphatases whose upregulation leads to β-cell failure in diabetes. PHLPP levels are highly elevated in metabolically stressed human and rodent diabetic β-cells. Sustained hyper-activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is the primary mechanism of the PHLPP upregulation linking chronic metabolic stress to ultimate β-cell death. PHLPPs directly dephosphorylate and regulate activities of β-cell survival-dependent kinases AKT and MST1, constituting a regulatory triangle loop to control β-cell apoptosis. Genetic inhibition of PHLPPs markedly improves β-cell survival and function in experimental models of diabetes in vitro, in vivo, and in primary human T2D islets. Our study presents PHLPPs as targets for functional regenerative therapy of pancreatic β cells in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaz Lupse
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Karthika Annamalai
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Hazem Ibrahim
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Supreet Kaur
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Shirin Geravandi
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Bhavishya Sarma
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Anasua Pal
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Sushil Awal
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Arundhati Joshi
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Sahar Rafizadeh
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Murali Krishna Madduri
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Mona Khazaei
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Huan Liu
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Ting Yuan
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Wei He
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Zahra Azizi
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Qi Qi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Keqiang Ye
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jose Oberholzer
- Charles O. Strickler Transplant Center, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Kathrin Maedler
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
| | - Amin Ardestani
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran.
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Sandhu B, Perez-Matos MC, Tran S, Singhal G, Syed I, Feldbrügge L, Mitsuhashi S, Pelletier J, Huang J, Yalcin Y, Csizmadia E, Tiwari-Heckler S, Enjyoji K, Sévigny J, Maratos-Flier E, Robson SC, Jiang ZG. Global deletion of NTPDase3 protects against diet-induced obesity by increasing basal energy metabolism. Metabolism 2021; 118:154731. [PMID: 33631144 PMCID: PMC8052311 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3 (NTPDase3), also known as CD39L3, is the dominant ectonucleotidase expressed by beta cells in the islet of Langerhans and on nerves. NTPDase3 catalyzes the conversion of extracellular ATP and ADP to AMP and modulates purinergic signaling. Previous studies have shown that NTPDase3 decreases insulin release from beta-cells in vitro. This study aims to determine the impact of NTPDase3 in diet-induced obesity (DIO) and metabolism in vivo. METHODS We developed global NTPDase3 deficient (Entpd3-/-) and islet beta-cell-specific NTPDase-3 deficient mice (Entpd3flox/flox,InsCre) using Ins1-Cre targeted gene editing to compare metabolic phenotypes with wildtype (WT) mice on a high-fat diet (HFD). RESULTS Entpd3-/- mice exhibited similar growth rates compared to WT on chow diet. When fed HFD, Entpd3-/- mice demonstrated significant resistance to DIO. Entpd3-/- mice consumed more calories daily and exhibited less fecal calorie loss. Although Entpd3-/- mice had no increases in locomotor activity, the mice exhibited a significant increase in basal metabolic rate when on the HFD. This beneficial phenotype was associated with improved glucose tolerance, but not higher insulin secretion. In fact, Entpd3flox/flox,InsCre mice demonstrated similar metabolic phenotypes and insulin secretion compared to matched controls, suggesting that the expression of NTPDase3 in beta-cells was not the primary protective factor. Instead, we observed a higher expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) in brown adipose tissue and an augmented browning in inguinal white adipose tissue with upregulation of UCP-1 and related genes involved in thermogenesis in Entpd3-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS Global NTPDase3 deletion in mice is associated with resistance to DIO and obesity-associated glucose intolerance. This outcome is not driven by the expression of NTPDase3 in pancreatic beta-cells, but rather likely mediated through metabolic changes in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bynvant Sandhu
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria C Perez-Matos
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie Tran
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Garima Singhal
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ismail Syed
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Linda Feldbrügge
- Department of Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shuji Mitsuhashi
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie Pelletier
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Jinhe Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yusuf Yalcin
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eva Csizmadia
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shilpa Tiwari-Heckler
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keiichi Enjyoji
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jean Sévigny
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; Département de microbiologie-infectiologie et d'immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Eleftheria Maratos-Flier
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simon C Robson
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Z Gordon Jiang
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Sala E, Vived C, Luna J, Saavedra-Ávila NA, Sengupta U, Castaño AR, Villar-Pazos S, Haba L, Verdaguer J, Ropero AB, Stratmann T, Pizarro J, Vázquez-Carrera M, Nadal A, Lahti JM, Mora C. CDK11 Promotes Cytokine-Induced Apoptosis in Pancreatic Beta Cells Independently of Glucose Concentration and Is Regulated by Inflammation in the NOD Mouse Model. Front Immunol 2021; 12:634797. [PMID: 33664748 PMCID: PMC7923961 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.634797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic islets are exposed to strong pro-apoptotic stimuli: inflammation and hyperglycemia, during the progression of the autoimmune diabetes (T1D). We found that the Cdk11(Cyclin Dependent Kinase 11) is downregulated by inflammation in the T1D prone NOD (non-obese diabetic) mouse model. The aim of this study is to determine the role of CDK11 in the pathogenesis of T1D and to assess the hierarchical relationship between CDK11 and Cyclin D3 in beta cell viability, since Cyclin D3, a natural ligand for CDK11, promotes beta cell viability and fitness in front of glucose. Methods We studied T1D pathogenesis in NOD mice hemideficient for CDK11 (N-HTZ), and, in N-HTZ deficient for Cyclin D3 (K11HTZ-D3KO), in comparison to their respective controls (N-WT and K11WT-D3KO). Moreover, we exposed pancreatic islets to either pro-inflammatory cytokines in the presence of increasing glucose concentrations, or Thapsigargin, an Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)-stress inducing agent, and assessed apoptotic events. The expression of key ER-stress markers (Chop, Atf4 and Bip) was also determined. Results N-HTZ mice were significantly protected against T1D, and NS-HTZ pancreatic islets exhibited an impaired sensitivity to cytokine-induced apoptosis, regardless of glucose concentration. However, thapsigargin-induced apoptosis was not altered. Furthermore, CDK11 hemideficiency did not attenuate the exacerbation of T1D caused by Cyclin D3 deficiency. Conclusions This study is the first to report that CDK11 is repressed in T1D as a protection mechanism against inflammation-induced apoptosis and suggests that CDK11 lies upstream Cyclin D3 signaling. We unveil the CDK11/Cyclin D3 tandem as a new potential intervention target in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Sala
- Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Lleida (IRB-LLeida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Celia Vived
- Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Lleida (IRB-LLeida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Júlia Luna
- Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Lleida (IRB-LLeida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Noemí Alejandra Saavedra-Ávila
- Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Lleida (IRB-LLeida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Upasana Sengupta
- Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Lleida (IRB-LLeida), Lleida, Spain
| | - A. Raúl Castaño
- Departament of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sabrina Villar-Pazos
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche, IDiBE, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Elche, Spain
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Laura Haba
- Experimental Diabetes Laboratory, Institute for Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Verdaguer
- Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Lleida (IRB-LLeida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Ana B. Ropero
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain
| | - Thomas Stratmann
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Pizarro
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)—Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Pediatric Research Institute, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)—Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Pediatric Research Institute, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Angel Nadal
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche, IDiBE, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Elche, Spain
- Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders CIBERDEM, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Jill M. Lahti
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Conchi Mora
- Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Lleida (IRB-LLeida), Lleida, Spain
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8
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Takei S, Nagashima S, Takei A, Yamamuro D, Wakabayashi T, Murakami A, Isoda M, Yamazaki H, Ebihara C, Takahashi M, Ebihara K, Dezaki K, Takayanagi Y, Onaka T, Fujiwara K, Yashiro T, Ishibashi S. β-Cell-Specific Deletion of HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A) Reductase Causes Overt Diabetes due to Reduction of β-Cell Mass and Impaired Insulin Secretion. Diabetes 2020; 69:2352-2363. [PMID: 32796082 DOI: 10.2337/db19-0996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), statins, which are used to prevent cardiovascular diseases, are associated with a modest increase in the risk of new-onset diabetes. To investigate the role of HMGCR in the development of β-cells and glucose homeostasis, we deleted Hmgcr in a β-cell-specific manner by using the Cre-loxP technique. Mice lacking Hmgcr in β-cells (β-KO) exhibited hypoinsulinemic hyperglycemia as early as postnatal day 9 (P9) due to decreases in both β-cell mass and insulin secretion. Ki67-positive cells were reduced in β-KO mice at P9; thus, β-cell mass reduction was caused by proliferation disorder immediately after birth. The mRNA expression of neurogenin3 (Ngn3), which is transiently expressed in endocrine progenitors of the embryonic pancreas, was maintained despite a striking reduction in the expression of β-cell-associated genes, such as insulin, pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx1), and MAF BZIP transcription factor A (Mafa) in the islets from β-KO mice. Histological analyses revealed dysmorphic islets with markedly reduced numbers of β-cells, some of which were also positive for glucagon. In conclusion, HMGCR plays critical roles not only in insulin secretion but also in the development of β-cells in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Takei
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shuichi Nagashima
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Akihito Takei
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamamuro
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Wakabayashi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Akiko Murakami
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masayo Isoda
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hisataka Yamazaki
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Chihiro Ebihara
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Manabu Takahashi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ken Ebihara
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Katsuya Dezaki
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yuki Takayanagi
- Division of Brain and Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Onaka
- Division of Brain and Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ken Fujiwara
- Division of Histology and Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takashi Yashiro
- Division of Histology and Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shun Ishibashi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
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9
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Dobosz AM, Janikiewicz J, Borkowska AM, Dziewulska A, Lipiec E, Dobrzyn P, Kwiatek WM, Dobrzyn A. Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 Activity Determines the Maintenance of DNMT1-Mediated DNA Methylation Patterns in Pancreatic β-Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186844. [PMID: 32961871 PMCID: PMC7555428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic stress, such as lipotoxicity, affects the DNA methylation profile in pancreatic β-cells and thus contributes to β-cell failure and the progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is a rate-limiting enzyme that is involved in monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis, which protects pancreatic β-cells against lipotoxicity. The present study found that SCD1 is also required for the establishment and maintenance of DNA methylation patterns in β-cells. We showed that SCD1 inhibition/deficiency caused DNA hypomethylation and changed the methyl group distribution within chromosomes in β-cells. Lower levels of DNA methylation in SCD1-deficient β-cells were followed by lower levels of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). We also found that the downregulation of SCD1 in pancreatic β-cells led to the activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and an increase in the activity of the NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1). Furthermore, the physical association between DNMT1 and SIRT1 stimulated the deacetylation of DNMT1 under conditions of SCD1 inhibition/downregulation, suggesting a mechanism by which SCD1 exerts control over DNMT1. We also found that SCD1-deficient β-cells that were treated with compound c, an inhibitor of AMPK, were characterized by higher levels of both global DNA methylation and DNMT1 protein expression compared with untreated cells. Therefore, we found that activation of the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway mediates the effect of SCD1 inhibition/deficiency on DNA methylation status in pancreatic β-cells. Altogether, these findings suggest that SCD1 is a gatekeeper that protects β-cells against the lipid-derived loss of DNA methylation and provide mechanistic insights into the mechanism by which SCD1 regulates DNA methylation patterns in β-cells and T2D-relevant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta M. Dobosz
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
| | - Justyna Janikiewicz
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
| | - Anna M. Borkowska
- Division of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Krakow, Poland; (A.M.B.); (E.L.); (W.M.K.)
| | - Anna Dziewulska
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
| | - Ewelina Lipiec
- Division of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Krakow, Poland; (A.M.B.); (E.L.); (W.M.K.)
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Pawel Dobrzyn
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Wojciech M. Kwiatek
- Division of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Krakow, Poland; (A.M.B.); (E.L.); (W.M.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Dobrzyn
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence:
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10
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Oikarinen M, Bertolet L, Toniolo A, Oikarinen S, Laiho JE, Pugliese A, Lloyd RE, Hyöty H. Differential Detection of Encapsidated versus Unencapsidated Enterovirus RNA in Samples Containing Pancreatic Enzymes-Relevance for Diabetes Studies. Viruses 2020; 12:v12070747. [PMID: 32664501 PMCID: PMC7411921 DOI: 10.3390/v12070747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Using immunohistochemistry, enterovirus capsid proteins were demonstrated in pancreatic islets of patients with type 1 diabetes. Virus proteins are mainly located in beta cells, supporting the hypothesis that enterovirus infections may contribute to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. In samples of pancreatic tissue, enterovirus RNA was also detected, but in extremely small quantities and in a smaller proportion of cases compared to the enteroviral protein. Difficulties in detecting viral RNA could be due to the very small number of infected cells, the possible activity of PCR inhibitors, and the presence—during persistent infection—of the viral genome in unencapsidated forms. The aim of this study was twofold: (a) to examine if enzymes or other compounds in pancreatic tissue could affect the molecular detection of encapsidated vs. unencapsidated enterovirus forms, and (b) to compare the sensitivity of RT-PCR methods used in different laboratories. Dilutions of encapsidated and unencapsidated virus were spiked into human pancreas homogenate and analyzed by RT-PCR. Incubation of pancreatic homogenate on wet ice for 20 h did not influence the detection of encapsidated virus. In contrast, a 15-min incubation on wet ice dramatically reduced detection of unencapsidated forms of virus. PCR inhibitors could not be found in pancreatic extract. The results show that components in the pancreas homogenate may selectively affect the detection of unencapsidated forms of enterovirus. This may lead to difficulties in diagnosing persisting enterovirus infection in the pancreas of patients with type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarit Oikarinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (S.O.); (J.E.L.); (H.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-50-3186338
| | - Lori Bertolet
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (L.B.); (R.E.L.)
| | - Antonio Toniolo
- Global Virus Network, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy;
| | - Sami Oikarinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (S.O.); (J.E.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Jutta E. Laiho
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (S.O.); (J.E.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Alberto Pugliese
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Richard E. Lloyd
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (L.B.); (R.E.L.)
| | - Heikki Hyöty
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland; (S.O.); (J.E.L.); (H.H.)
- Fimlab Laboratories, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, 33520 Tampere, Finland
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11
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Scheuer R, Philipp SE, Becker A, Nalbach L, Ampofo E, Montenarh M, Götz C. Protein Kinase CK2 Controls Ca V2.1-Dependent Calcium Currents and Insulin Release in Pancreatic β-Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134668. [PMID: 32630015 PMCID: PMC7370021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of insulin biosynthesis and secretion in pancreatic β-cells is essential for glucose homeostasis in humans. Previous findings point to the highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed serine/threonine kinase CK2 as having a negative regulatory impact on this regulation. In the cell culture model of rat pancreatic β-cells INS-1, insulin secretion is enhanced after CK2 inhibition. This enhancement is preceded by a rise in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. Here, we identified the serine residues S2362 and S2364 of the voltage-dependent calcium channel CaV2.1 as targets of CK2 phosphorylation. Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that CaV2.1 binds to CK2 in vitro and in vivo. CaV2.1 knockdown experiments showed that the increase in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration, followed by an enhanced insulin secretion upon CK2 inhibition, is due to a Ca2+ influx through CaV2.1 channels. In summary, our results point to a modulating role of CK2 in the CaV2.1-mediated exocytosis of insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Scheuer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str., bldg. 44, D-66424 Homburg, Germany; (R.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Stephan Ernst Philipp
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University Kirrberger Str., bldg. 45-46, D-66424 Homburg, Germany; (S.E.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Alexander Becker
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University Kirrberger Str., bldg. 45-46, D-66424 Homburg, Germany; (S.E.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Lisa Nalbach
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University Kirrberger Str., bldg. 65, D-66424 Homburg, Germany; (L.N.); (E.A.)
| | - Emmanuel Ampofo
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University Kirrberger Str., bldg. 65, D-66424 Homburg, Germany; (L.N.); (E.A.)
| | - Mathias Montenarh
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str., bldg. 44, D-66424 Homburg, Germany; (R.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Claudia Götz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str., bldg. 44, D-66424 Homburg, Germany; (R.S.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence:
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12
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Abstract
Sphingolipids are a class of essential lipids, functioning as both cell membrane constituents and signaling messengers. In the sphingolipid metabolic network, ceramides serve as the central hub that is hydrolyzed to sphingosine, followed by phosphorylation to sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) by sphingosine kinase (SphK). SphK is regarded as a "switch" of the sphingolipid rheostat, as it catalyzes the conversion of ceramide/sphingosine to S1P, which often exhibit opposing biological roles in the cell. Besides, SphK is an important signaling enzyme that has been implicated in the regulation of a wide variety of biological functions. In recent years, an increasing body of evidence has suggested a critical role of SphK in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), although a certain level of controversy remains. Herein, we review recent findings related to SphK in the field of T2D research with a focus on peripheral insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell failure. It is expected that a comprehensive understanding of the role of SphK and the associated sphingolipids in T2D will help to identify druggable targets for future anti-diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Qi
- Lipid Cell Biology Laboratory, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Yanfei Qi, ; Pu Xia,
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyu Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gulibositan Aji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Tracy Liu
- Lipid Cell Biology Laboratory, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pu Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yanfei Qi, ; Pu Xia,
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13
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Esch N, Jo S, Moore M, Alejandro EU. Nutrient Sensor mTOR and OGT: Orchestrators of Organelle Homeostasis in Pancreatic β-Cells. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:8872639. [PMID: 33457426 PMCID: PMC7787834 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8872639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to integrate the role of nutrient-sensing pathways into β-cell organelle dysfunction prompted by nutrient excess during type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D encompasses chronic hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and inflammation, which each contribute to β-cell failure. These factors can disrupt the function of critical β-cell organelles, namely, the ER, mitochondria, lysosomes, and autophagosomes. Dysfunctional organelles cause defects in insulin synthesis and secretion and activate apoptotic pathways if homeostasis is not restored. In this review, we will focus on mTORC1 and OGT, two major anabolic nutrient sensors with important roles in β-cell physiology. Though acute stimulation of these sensors frequently improves β-cell function and promotes adaptation to cell stress, chronic and sustained activity disturbs organelle homeostasis. mTORC1 and OGT regulate organelle function by influencing the expression and activities of key proteins, enzymes, and transcription factors, as well as by modulating autophagy to influence clearance of defective organelles. In addition, mTORC1 and OGT activity influence islet inflammation during T2D, which can further disrupt organelle and β-cell function. Therapies for T2D that fine-tune the activity of these nutrient sensors have yet to be developed, but the important role of mTORC1 and OGT in organelle homeostasis makes them promising targets to improve β-cell function and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Esch
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Seokwon Jo
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mackenzie Moore
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Emilyn U. Alejandro
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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14
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Langer S, Hofmeister-Brix A, Waterstradt R, Baltrusch S. 6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase and small chemical activators affect enzyme activity of activating glucokinase mutants by distinct mechanisms. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 168:149-161. [PMID: 31254492 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Glucokinase (GK), a monomeric glucose-phosphorylating enzyme characterised by high structural flexibility, acts as a glucose sensor in pancreatic beta cells and liver. Pharmaceutical efforts to control the enzyme are hampered by an incomplete understanding of GK regulation. We investigated GK characteristics of wild-type and activating S64Y and G68V mutant proteins in the presence of various combinations of the synthetic activators RO-28-1675 and compound A, the endogenous activator fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase-2), and the inhibitor mannoheptulose. S64Y impedes formation of a turn structure that is characteristic for the inactive enzyme conformation, and complex formation with compound A induces collision with the large domain. G68V evokes close contact of connecting region I and helix α13 with RO-28-1675 and compound A. Both mutants showed higher activity than the wild-type at low glucose and were susceptible to further activation by FBPase-2 and RO-28-1675, alone and additively. G68V was less active than S64Y, but was activatable by compound A. In contrast, compound A inhibited S64Y, and this effect was even more pronounced in combination with mannoheptulose. Mutant and wild-type GK showed comparable thermal stability and intracellular lifetimes. A GK-6-phosphofructo-2-kinase (PFK-2)/FBPase-2 complex predicted by in silico protein-protein docking demonstrated possible binding of the FBPase-2 domain near the active site of GK. In summary, activating mutations within the allosteric site of GK do not preclude binding of chemical activators (GKAs), but can alter their action into inhibition. Our postulated GK-PFK-2/FBPase-2 complex represents the endogenous principle of activation by substrate channelling which permits binding of other small molecules and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Langer
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Anke Hofmeister-Brix
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30623 Hannover, Germany
| | - Rica Waterstradt
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Simone Baltrusch
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; Department Life, Light & Matter, University of Rostock, Germany.
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15
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Gregg T, Sdao SM, Dhillon RS, Rensvold JW, Lewandowski SL, Pagliarini DJ, Denu JM, Merrins MJ. Obesity-dependent CDK1 signaling stimulates mitochondrial respiration at complex I in pancreatic β-cells. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:4656-4666. [PMID: 30700550 PMCID: PMC6433064 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Cell mitochondria play a central role in coupling glucose metabolism with insulin secretion. Here, we identified a metabolic function of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1)/cyclin B1-the activation of mitochondrial respiratory complex I-that is active in quiescent adult β-cells and hyperactive in β-cells from obese (ob/ob) mice. In WT islets, respirometry revealed that 65% of complex I flux and 49% of state 3 respiration is sensitive to CDK1 inhibition. Islets from ob/ob mice expressed more cyclin B1 and exhibited a higher sensitivity to CDK1 blockade, which reduced complex I flux by 76% and state 3 respiration by 79%. The ensuing reduction in mitochondrial NADH utilization, measured with two-photon NAD(P)H fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM), was matched in the cytosol by a lag in citrate cycling, as shown with a FRET reporter targeted to β-cells. Moreover, time-resolved measurements revealed that in ob/ob islets, where complex I flux dominates respiration, CDK1 inhibition is sufficient to restrict the duty cycle of ATP/ADP and calcium oscillations, the parameter that dynamically encodes β-cell glucose sensing. Direct complex I inhibition with rotenone mimicked the restrictive effects of CDK1 inhibition on mitochondrial respiration, NADH turnover, ATP/ADP, and calcium influx. These findings identify complex I as a critical mediator of obesity-associated metabolic remodeling in β-cells and implicate CDK1 as a regulator of complex I that enhances β-cell glucose sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trillian Gregg
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and
| | - Sophia M Sdao
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and
| | - Rashpal S Dhillon
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
| | - Jarred W Rensvold
- Morgridge Institute for Research and Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, and
| | - Sophie L Lewandowski
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and
| | - David J Pagliarini
- Morgridge Institute for Research and Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, and
| | - John M Denu
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
| | - Matthew J Merrins
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
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16
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Wang F, Xi Y, Liu W, Li J, Zhang Y, Jia M, He Q, Zhao H, Wang S. Sanbai Melon Seed Oil Exerts Its Protective Effects in a Diabetes Mellitus Model via the Akt/GSK-3 β/Nrf2 Pathway. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:5734723. [PMID: 31612149 PMCID: PMC6757275 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5734723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays an important role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the lack of adequate and scientifically rigorous evidence has limited its application in this disorder. Sanbai melon seed oil (SMSO) is used in folk medicine to treat DM; however, only few literature reports exist regarding its mechanism. Herein, we aimed to confirm the antidiabetic activity of SMSO in a T2DM model and further elucidate its possible mechanisms. The T2DM rat model was induced by high-fat and sugar diet and streptozocin (STZ, 40 mg/kg). SMSO was administered at doses of 0.7 g/kg, 1.4 g/kg, and 2.8 g/kg. Several biochemical parameters and antioxidant protein levels were measured to evaluate the hyperglycemic and antioxidant activities of SMSO. Western blotting was performed to determine its potential mechanism. Based on the results, SMSO treatment significantly reduced blood glucose levels, increased plasma insulin, and repaired islet tissue injury in diabetic rats (P < 0.05). To add, it markedly reduced MDA levels and increased that of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Western blot results showed that SMSO induced n-Nrf2 and HO-1 expression and Akt and GSK-3β phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies showed that LY294002, aPI3K inhibitor, abolished the effects of SMSO on GSK-3β phosphorylation and Nrf2 nuclear translocation as well as the protective effects on pancreatic β cells. Together, these results suggest that SMSO regulates the Akt/GSK-3β/Nrf2 pathway and induces the expression of antioxidant proteins to impede oxidative stress in rats with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Xi'an Siyuan University, 28 Shui An Road, Xi'an 710032, China
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanhang Xi
- Yang Ling Fragrance Edible Oil Co. Ltd., 712100 Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wenzhe Liu
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Beilu, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shaanxi, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Jia
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medical, Xi'an Medical College, 1 Xinwang road, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Qiaoyan He
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhao
- Xi'an Siyuan University, 28 Shui An Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Siwang Wang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shaanxi, China
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Beilu, Xi'an 710069, China
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17
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Bugliani M, Syed F, Paula FMM, Omar BA, Suleiman M, Mossuto S, Grano F, Cardarelli F, Boggi U, Vistoli F, Filipponi F, De Simone P, Marselli L, De Tata V, Ahren B, Eizirik DL, Marchetti P. DPP-4 is expressed in human pancreatic beta cells and its direct inhibition improves beta cell function and survival in type 2 diabetes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 473:186-193. [PMID: 29409957 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that the incretin system, including regulated GLP-1 secretion and locally expressed DPP-4, is present in pancreatic islets. In this study we comprehensively evaluated the expression and role of DPP-4 in islet alpha and beta cells from non-diabetic (ND) and type 2 diabetic (T2D) individuals, including the effects of its inhibition on beta cell function and survival. Isolated islets were prepared from 25 ND and 18 T2D organ donors; studies were also performed with the human insulin-producing EndoC-βH1 cells. Morphological (including confocal microscopy), ultrastructural (electron microscopy, EM), functional (glucose-stimulated insulin secretion), survival (EM and nuclear dyes) and molecular (RNAseq, qPCR and western blot) studies were performed under several different experimental conditions. DPP-4 co-localized with glucagon and was also expressed in human islet insulin-containing cells. Furthermore, DPP-4 was expressed in EndoC-βH1 cells. The proportions of DPP-4 positive alpha and beta cells and DPP-4 gene expression were significantly lower in T2D islets. A DPP-4 inhibitor protected ND human beta cells and EndoC-βH1 cells against cytokine-induced toxicity, which was at least in part independent from GLP1 and associated with reduced NFKB1 expression. Finally, DPP-4 inhibition augmented glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, reduced apoptosis and improved ultrastructure in T2D beta cells. These results demonstrate the presence of DPP-4 in human islet alpha and beta cells, with reduced expression in T2D islets, and show that DPP-4 inhibition has beneficial effects on human ND and T2D beta cells. This suggests that DPP-4, besides playing a role in incretin effects, directly affects beta cell function and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Farooq Syed
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Flavia M M Paula
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bilal A Omar
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund Sweden
| | - Mara Suleiman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sandra Mossuto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Grano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Cardarelli
- National Enterprise for NanoScience and NanoTechnology (NEST), CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ugo Boggi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Vistoli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Franco Filipponi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Medicine, Molecular and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo De Simone
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Medicine, Molecular and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Tata
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Bo Ahren
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund Sweden
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Cell Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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18
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Liu C, Zhang W, Peradze N, Lang L, Straetener J, Feilen PJ, Alt M, Jäger C, Laubner K, Perakakis N, Seufert J, Päth G. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-mediated survival of insulin producing pancreatic β-cells during cellular stress involves signalling via Akt and ERK1/2. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 473:235-244. [PMID: 29421520 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are of interest for cell therapy since their secreted factors mediate immunomodulation and support tissue regeneration. This study investigated the direct humoral interactions between MSC and pancreatic β-cells using human telomerase-immortalized MSC (hMSC-TERT) and rat insulinoma-derived INS-1E β-cells. hMSC-TERT supported survival of cocultured INS-1E β-cells during cellular stress by alloxan (ALX) and streptozotocin (STZ), but not in response to IL-1β. Accordingly, hMSC-TERT had no effect on inflammatory cytokine-related signalling via NF-kB and p-JNK but maintained p-Akt and upregulated p-ERK1/2. Inhibition of either p-Akt or p-ERK1/2 did not abolish protection by hMSC-TERT but activated the respective non-inhibited pathway. This suggests that one pathway compensates for the other. Main results were confirmed in mouse islets except hMSC-TERT-mediated upregulation of p-ERK1/2. Therefore, MSC promote β-cell survival by preservation of p-Akt signalling and further involve p-ERK1/2 activation in certain conditions such as loss of p-Akt or insulinoma background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chune Liu
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; Divisions of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Natia Peradze
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Leonie Lang
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan Straetener
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter J Feilen
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Alt
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christina Jäger
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Laubner
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Perakakis
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Seufert
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Günter Päth
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany.
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19
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Anquetil F, Mondanelli G, Gonzalez N, Rodriguez Calvo T, Zapardiel Gonzalo J, Krogvold L, Dahl-Jørgensen K, Van den Eynde B, Orabona C, Grohmann U, von Herrath MG. Loss of IDO1 Expression From Human Pancreatic β-Cells Precedes Their Destruction During the Development of Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2018; 67:1858-1866. [PMID: 29945890 PMCID: PMC6110313 DOI: 10.2337/db17-1281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) is a powerful immunoregulatory enzyme that is deficient in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). In this study, we present the first systematic evaluation of IDO1 expression and localization in human pancreatic tissue. Although IDO1 was constitutively expressed in β-cells from donors without diabetes, less IDO1 was expressed in insulin-containing islets from double autoantibody-positive donors and patients with recent-onset T1D, although it was virtually absent in insulin-deficient islets from donors with T1D. Scatter plot analysis suggested that IDO1 decay occurred in individuals with multiple autoantibodies, prior to β-cell demise. IDO1 impairment might therefore contribute to β-cell demise and could potentially emerge as a promising therapeutic target.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Autoantibodies/metabolism
- Autoimmune Diseases/immunology
- Autoimmune Diseases/metabolism
- Autoimmune Diseases/pathology
- Autoimmune Diseases/physiopathology
- Autoimmunity
- Cadaver
- Cohort Studies
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology
- Disease Progression
- Down-Regulation
- Female
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect
- Humans
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism
- Insulin/metabolism
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/enzymology
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/immunology
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Prediabetic State/immunology
- Prediabetic State/metabolism
- Prediabetic State/pathology
- Prediabetic State/physiopathology
- Protein Transport
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lars Krogvold
- Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut Dahl-Jørgensen
- Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Benoit Van den Eynde
- de Duve Institute, Brussels, Belgium
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Matthias G von Herrath
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA
- Novo Nordisk Diabetes Research & Development Center, Seattle, WA
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20
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Lu B, Kurmi K, Munoz-Gomez M, Jacobus Ambuludi EJ, Tonne JM, Rakshit K, Hitosugi T, Kudva YC, Matveyenko AV, Ikeda Y. Impaired β-cell glucokinase as an underlying mechanism in diet-induced diabetes. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:dmm033316. [PMID: 29915142 PMCID: PMC6031355 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.033316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD)-fed mouse models have been widely used to study early type 2 diabetes. Decreased β-cell glucokinase (GCK) expression has been observed in HFD-induced diabetes. However, owing to its crucial roles in glucose metabolism in the liver and in islet β-cells, the contribution of decreased GCK expression to the development of HFD-induced diabetes is unclear. Here, we employed a β-cell-targeted gene transfer vector and determined the impact of β-cell-specific increase in GCK expression on β-cell function and glucose handling in vitro and in vivo Overexpression of GCK enhanced glycolytic flux, ATP-sensitive potassium channel activation and membrane depolarization, and increased proliferation in Min6 cells. β-cell-targeted GCK transduction did not change glucose handling in chow-fed C57BL/6 mice. Although adult mice fed a HFD showed reduced islet GCK expression, impaired glucose tolerance and decreased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), β-cell-targeted GCK transduction improved glucose tolerance and restored GSIS. Islet perifusion experiments verified restored GSIS in isolated HFD islets by GCK transduction. Thus, our data identify impaired β-cell GCK expression as an underlying mechanism for dysregulated β-cell function and glycemic control in HFD-induced diabetes. Our data also imply an etiological role of GCK in diet-induced diabetes.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Lu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Virology and Gene Therapy Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kiran Kurmi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | | | - Jason M Tonne
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kuntol Rakshit
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Taro Hitosugi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yogish C Kudva
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Aleksey V Matveyenko
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yasuhiro Ikeda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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21
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He X, Lai Q, Chen C, Li N, Sun F, Huang W, Zhang S, Yu Q, Yang P, Xiong F, Chen Z, Gong Q, Ren B, Weng J, Eizirik DL, Zhou Z, Wang CY. Both conditional ablation and overexpression of E2 SUMO-conjugating enzyme (UBC9) in mouse pancreatic beta cells result in impaired beta cell function. Diabetologia 2018; 61:881-895. [PMID: 29299635 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4523-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Post-translational attachment of a small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) to the lysine (K) residue(s) of target proteins (SUMOylation) is an evolutionary conserved regulatory mechanism. This modification has previously been demonstrated to be implicated in the control of a remarkably versatile regulatory mechanism of cellular processes. However, the exact regulatory role and biological actions of the E2 SUMO-conjugating enzyme (UBC9)-mediated SUMOylation function in pancreatic beta cells has remained elusive. METHODS Inducible beta cell-specific Ubc9 (also known as Ube2i) knockout (KO; Ubc9Δbeta) and transgenic (Ubc9Tg) mice were employed to address the impact of SUMOylation on beta cell viability and functionality. Ubc9 deficiency or overexpression was induced at 8 weeks of age using tamoxifen. To study the mechanism involved, we closely examined the regulation of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) through SUMOylation in beta cells. RESULTS Upon induction of Ubc9 deficiency, Ubc9Δbeta islets exhibited a 3.5-fold higher accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) than Ubc9f/f control islets. Islets from Ubc9Δbeta mice also had decreased insulin content and loss of beta cell mass after tamoxifen treatment. Specifically, at day 45 after Ubc9 deletion only 40% of beta cell mass remained in Ubc9Δbeta mice, while 90% of beta cell mass was lost by day 75. Diabetes onset was noted in some Ubc9Δbeta mice 8 weeks after induction of Ubc9 deficiency and all mice developed diabetes by 10 weeks following tamoxifen treatment. In contrast, Ubc9Tg beta cells displayed an increased antioxidant ability but impaired insulin secretion. Unlike Ubc9Δbeta mice, which spontaneously developed diabetes, Ubc9Tg mice preserved normal non-fasting blood glucose levels without developing diabetes. It was noted that SUMOylation of NRF2 promoted its nuclear expression along with enhanced transcriptional activity, thereby preventing ROS accumulation in beta cells. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION SUMOylation function is required to protect against oxidative stress in beta cells; this mechanism is, at least in part, carried out by the regulation of NRF2 activity to enhance ROS detoxification. Homeostatic SUMOylation is also likely to be essential for maintaining beta cell functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu He
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaohong Lai
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai Chen
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Sun
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenting Huang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Zhang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qilin Yu
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Yang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Xiong
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhishui Chen
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Gong
- Medical College of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Boxu Ren
- Medical College of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Weng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Décio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- Diabetes Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cong-Yi Wang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Andersson LE, Shcherbina L, Al-Majdoub M, Vishnu N, Arroyo CB, Aste Carrara J, Wollheim CB, Fex M, Mulder H, Wierup N, Spégel P. Glutamine-Elicited Secretion of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Is Governed by an Activated Glutamate Dehydrogenase. Diabetes 2018; 67:372-384. [PMID: 29229616 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), secreted from intestinal L cells, glucose dependently stimulates insulin secretion from β-cells. This glucose dependence prevents hypoglycemia, rendering GLP-1 analogs a useful and safe treatment modality in type 2 diabetes. Although the amino acid glutamine is a potent elicitor of GLP-1 secretion, the responsible mechanism remains unclear. We investigated how GLP-1 secretion is metabolically coupled in L cells (GLUTag) and in vivo in mice using the insulin-secreting cell line INS-1 832/13 as reference. A membrane-permeable glutamate analog (dimethylglutamate [DMG]), acting downstream of electrogenic transporters, elicited similar alterations in metabolism as glutamine in both cell lines. Both DMG and glutamine alone elicited GLP-1 secretion in GLUTag cells and in vivo, whereas activation of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) was required to stimulate insulin secretion from INS-1 832/13 cells. Pharmacological inhibition in vivo of GDH blocked secretion of GLP-1 in response to DMG. In conclusion, our results suggest that nonelectrogenic nutrient uptake and metabolism play an important role in L cell stimulus-secretion coupling. Metabolism of glutamine and related analogs by GDH in the L cell may explain why GLP-1 secretion, but not that of insulin, is activated by these secretagogues in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotta E Andersson
- Unit of Molecular Metabolism, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Liliya Shcherbina
- Neuroendocrine Cell Biology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mahmoud Al-Majdoub
- Unit of Molecular Metabolism, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Neelanjan Vishnu
- Unit of Molecular Metabolism, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Jonathan Aste Carrara
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Claes B Wollheim
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University Medical Centre, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Malin Fex
- Unit of Molecular Metabolism, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Hindrik Mulder
- Unit of Molecular Metabolism, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Nils Wierup
- Neuroendocrine Cell Biology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter Spégel
- Unit of Molecular Metabolism, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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23
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Abstract
Insulin secretion from pancreatic islet β-cells occurs in a pulsatile fashion, with a typical period of ∼5 min. The basis of this pulsatility in mouse islets has been investigated for more than four decades, and the various theories have been described as either qualitative or mathematical models. In many cases the models differ in their mechanisms for rhythmogenesis, as well as other less important details. In this Perspective, we describe two main classes of models: those in which oscillations in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration drive oscillations in metabolism, and those in which intrinsic metabolic oscillations drive oscillations in Ca2+ concentration and electrical activity. We then discuss nine canonical experimental findings that provide key insights into the mechanism of islet oscillations and list the models that can account for each finding. Finally, we describe a new model that integrates features from multiple earlier models and is thus called the Integrated Oscillator Model. In this model, intracellular Ca2+ acts on the glycolytic pathway in the generation of oscillations, and it is thus a hybrid of the two main classes of models. It alone among models proposed to date can explain all nine key experimental findings, and it serves as a good starting point for future studies of pulsatile insulin secretion from human islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Bertram
- Department of Mathematics and Programs in Neuroscience and Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL
| | - Leslie S Satin
- Department of Pharmacology and Brehm Center for Diabetes Research, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Arthur S Sherman
- Laboratory of Biological Modeling, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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24
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Bergeron V, Ghislain J, Vivot K, Tamarina N, Philipson LH, Fielitz J, Poitout V. Deletion of Protein Kinase D1 in Pancreatic β-Cells Impairs Insulin Secretion in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Diabetes 2018; 67:71-77. [PMID: 29038309 PMCID: PMC5741145 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ββ-Cell adaptation to insulin resistance is necessary to maintain glucose homeostasis in obesity. Failure of this mechanism is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Hence, factors controlling functional β-cell compensation are potentially important targets for the treatment of T2D. Protein kinase D1 (PKD1) integrates diverse signals in the β-cell and plays a critical role in the control of insulin secretion. However, the role of β-cell PKD1 in glucose homeostasis in vivo is essentially unknown. Using β-cell-specific, inducible PKD1 knockout mice (βPKD1KO), we examined the role of β-cell PKD1 under basal conditions and during high-fat feeding. βPKD1KO mice under a chow diet presented no significant difference in glucose tolerance or insulin secretion compared with mice expressing the Cre transgene alone; however, when compared with wild-type mice, both groups developed glucose intolerance. Under a high-fat diet, deletion of PKD1 in β-cells worsened hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and glucose intolerance. This was accompanied by impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion both in vivo in hyperglycemic clamps and ex vivo in isolated islets from high-fat diet-fed βPKD1KO mice without changes in islet mass. This study demonstrates an essential role for PKD1 in the β-cell adaptive secretory response to high-fat feeding in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Bergeron
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julien Ghislain
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kevin Vivot
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Jens Fielitz
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Vincent Poitout
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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25
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Liu C, QiNan W, XiaoTian L, MengLiu Y, XiaGuang G, WeiLing L, ZiWen L, Ling Z, GangYi Y, Bing C. TERT and Akt Are Involved in the Par-4-Dependent Apoptosis of Islet β Cells in Type 2 Diabetes. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:7653904. [PMID: 30186877 PMCID: PMC6112224 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7653904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Islet β cell apoptosis plays an important role in type 2 diabetes. We previously reported that Par-4-mediated islet β cell apoptosis is induced by high-glucose/fatty acid levels. In the present study, we show that Par-4, which is induced by high-glucose/fatty acid levels, interacts with and inhibits TERT in the cytoplasm and then translocates to the nucleus. Par-4 also inhibited Akt phosphorylation, leading to islet β cell apoptosis. We inhibited Par-4 in islet β cells under high-glucose/fatty acid conditions and knocked out Par-4 in diabetic mice, which led to the up-regulation of TERT and an improvement in the apoptosis rate. We inhibited Akt phosphorylation in islet β cells and diabetic mice, which led to aggressive apoptosis. In addition, the biological film interference technique revealed that Par-4 bound to TERT via its NLS and leucine zipper domains. Our research suggests that Par-4 activation and binding to TERT are key steps required for inducing the apoptosis of islet β cells under high-glucose/fatty acid conditions. Inhibiting Akt phosphorylation aggravated apoptosis by activating Par-4 and inhibiting TERT, and Par-4 inhibition may be an attractive target for the treatment of islet β cell apoptosis.
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MESH Headings
- Active Transport, Cell Nucleus
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/enzymology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/enzymology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Humans
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/enzymology
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/pathology
- Leucine Zippers
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Phosphorylation
- Protein Binding
- Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Receptors, Thrombin/deficiency
- Receptors, Thrombin/genetics
- Receptors, Thrombin/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Telomerase/blood
- Telomerase/genetics
- Telomerase/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- Endocrine Department, First Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wu QiNan
- Endocrine Department, First Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lei XiaoTian
- Endocrine Department, First Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yang MengLiu
- Endocrine Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Gan XiaGuang
- Endocrine Department, First Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Leng WeiLing
- Endocrine Department, First Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Liang ZiWen
- Endocrine Department, First Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhang Ling
- Outpatient Department, First Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yang GangYi
- Endocrine Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Chen Bing
- Endocrine Department, First Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
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26
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Johansson BB, Fjeld K, Solheim MH, Shirakawa J, Zhang E, Keindl M, Hu J, Lindqvist A, Døskeland A, Mellgren G, Flatmark T, Njølstad PR, Kulkarni RN, Wierup N, Aukrust I, Bjørkhaug L. Nuclear import of glucokinase in pancreatic beta-cells is mediated by a nuclear localization signal and modulated by SUMOylation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017. [PMID: 28648619 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The localization of glucokinase in pancreatic beta-cell nuclei is a controversial issue. Although previous reports suggest such a localization, the mechanism for its import has so far not been identified. Using immunofluorescence, subcellular fractionation and mass spectrometry, we present evidence in support of glucokinase localization in beta-cell nuclei of human and mouse pancreatic sections, as well as in human and mouse isolated islets, and murine MIN6 cells. We have identified a conserved, seven-residue nuclear localization signal (30LKKVMRR36) in the human enzyme. Substituting the residues KK31,32 and RR35,36 with AA led to a loss of its nuclear localization in transfected cells. Furthermore, our data indicates that SUMOylation of glucokinase modulates its nuclear import, while high glucose concentrations do not significantly alter the enzyme nuclear/cytosolic ratio. Thus, for the first time, we provide data in support of a nuclear import of glucokinase mediated by a redundant mechanism, involving a nuclear localization signal, and which is modulated by its SUMOylation. These findings add new knowledge to the functional role of glucokinase in the pancreatic beta-cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bente Berg Johansson
- KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway; Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Karianne Fjeld
- KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway; Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marie Holm Solheim
- KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway; Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jun Shirakawa
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Magdalena Keindl
- KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway; Hormone Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jiang Hu
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Anne Døskeland
- Proteomics Unit (PROBE), Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Gunnar Mellgren
- KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway; Hormone Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Pål Rasmus Njølstad
- KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nils Wierup
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ingvild Aukrust
- KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway; Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lise Bjørkhaug
- KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences and Chemical Engineering, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway.
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27
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Abstract
The "second messenger" archetype cAMP is one of the most important cellular signalling molecules with central functions including the regulation of insulin and glucagon secretion from the pancreatic β- and α-cells, respectively. cAMP is generally considered as an amplifier of insulin secretion triggered by Ca2+ elevation in the β-cells. Both messengers are also positive modulators of glucagon release from α-cells, but in this case cAMP may be the important regulator and Ca2+ have a more permissive role. The actions of cAMP are mediated by protein kinase A (PKA) and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Epac. The present review focuses on how cAMP is regulated by nutrients, hormones and neural factors in β- and α-cells via adenylyl cyclase-catalysed generation and phosphodiesterase-mediated degradation. We will also discuss how PKA and Epac affect ion fluxes and the secretory machinery to transduce the stimulatory effects on insulin and glucagon secretion. Finally, we will briefly describe disturbances of the cAMP system associated with diabetes and how cAMP signalling can be targeted to normalize hypo- and hypersecretion of insulin and glucagon, respectively, in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Tengholm
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erik Gylfe
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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28
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Kojima I, Medina J, Nakagawa Y. Role of the glucose-sensing receptor in insulin secretion. Diabetes Obes Metab 2017; 19 Suppl 1:54-62. [PMID: 28880472 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Glucose is a primary stimulator of insulin secretion. It has been thought that glucose exerts its effect by a mechanism solely dependent on glucose metabolism. We show here that glucose induces rapid Ca2+ and cyclic AMP signals in β-cells. These rapid signals are independent of glucose-metabolism and are reproduced by non-metabolizable glucose analogues. These results led us to postulate that glucose activates a cell-surface receptor, namely the glucose-sensing receptor. Rapid signals induced by glucose are blocked by inhibition of a sweet taste receptor subunit T1R3 and a calcium-sensing receptor subunit CaSR. In accordance with these observations, T1R3 and CaSR form a heterodimer. In addition, a heterodimer of T1R3 and CaSR is activated by glucose. These results suggest that a heterodimer of T1R3 and CaSR is a major component of the glucose-sensing receptor. When the glucose-sensing receptor is blocked, glucose-induced insulin secretion is inhibited. Also, ATP production is significantly attenuated by the inhibition of the receptor. Conversely, stimulation of the glucose-sensing receptor by either artificial sweeteners or non-metabolizable glucose analogue increases ATP. Hence, the glucose-sensing receptor signals promote glucose metabolism. Collectively, glucose activates the cell-surface glucose-sensing receptor and promotes its own metabolism. Glucose then enters the cells and is metabolized through already activated metabolic pathways. The glucose-sensing receptor is a key molecule regulating the action of glucose in β-cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calcium Signaling
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- Dimerization
- Enzyme Activation
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Glucose/metabolism
- Humans
- Insulin/metabolism
- Insulin Secretion
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/enzymology
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism
- Models, Biological
- Protein Kinase C/chemistry
- Protein Kinase C/metabolism
- Protein Multimerization
- Receptors, Calcium-Sensing/agonists
- Receptors, Calcium-Sensing/chemistry
- Receptors, Calcium-Sensing/genetics
- Receptors, Calcium-Sensing/metabolism
- Receptors, Cell Surface/agonists
- Receptors, Cell Surface/chemistry
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/agonists
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/chemistry
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Second Messenger Systems
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Affiliation(s)
- Itaru Kojima
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Johan Medina
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yuko Nakagawa
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
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29
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Abstract
Early studies showed nitric oxide as a pro-inflammatory-cytokine-induced toxin involved in pancreatic β-cell destruction during pathogenesis of type-1 diabetes. However, nitric oxide has both cytotoxic and cytoprotective effects on mammalian cells, depending on concentration and micro-environmental surroundings. Our studies have shown that low/physiological-level nitric oxide selectively activates protein kinase G type Iα isoform, promoting cytoprotective/pro-cell-survival effects in many cell types. In bone marrow-derived stromal/mesenchymal stem cells, protein kinase G type Iα mediates autocrine effects of nitric oxide and atrial natriuretic peptide, promoting DNA-synthesis/proliferation and cell survival. In this study, endothelial nitric oxide synthase/neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NIO (L-N(5)-(1-iminoethyl)ornithine), soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor ODQ (1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3,-a] quinoxalin-1-one), atrial natriuretic peptide-receptor inhibitor A71915 and protein kinase G type Iα kinase activity inhibitor DT-2 all increased apoptosis and decreased insulin secretion in RINm5F pancreatic β-cells, suggesting autocrine regulatory role for endogenous nitric oxide- and atrial natriuretic peptide-induced activation of protein kinase G type Iα. In four pancreatic β-cell lines, Beta-TC-6, RINm5F, INS-1 and 1.1B4, protein kinase G type Iα small-interfering RNA decreased phospho-serine-239-VASP (indicator of endogenous protein kinase G type Iα kinase activity), increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation. In protein kinase G type Iα-knockdown β-cell lines, expressions of phospho-protein kinase B (PKB/AKT) (AKT), phospho-Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) (transcriptional repressor of pancreas duodenum homobox-1) and pancreas duodenum homobox-1 were decreased, suppressing proliferation and survival in pancreatic β-cells. The data suggest autocrine nitric oxide/atrial natriuretic peptide-induced activation of protein kinase G type Iα/p-AKT/p-FOXO1 promotes survival and proliferation in pancreatic β-cells, providing therapeutic implications for development of new therapeutic agents for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janica C Wong
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Las Vegas, NV, USA
- 2 Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Henderson, NV, USA
| | - Van Vo
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Las Vegas, NV, USA
- 2 Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Henderson, NV, USA
| | - Priyatham Gorjala
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Las Vegas, NV, USA
- 2 Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Henderson, NV, USA
| | - Ronald R Fiscus
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Las Vegas, NV, USA
- 2 Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Henderson, NV, USA
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30
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Rutter GA, Hodson DJ, Chabosseau P, Haythorne E, Pullen TJ, Leclerc I. Local and regional control of calcium dynamics in the pancreatic islet. Diabetes Obes Metab 2017; 19 Suppl 1:30-41. [PMID: 28466490 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ is the key intracellular regulator of insulin secretion, acting in the β-cell as the ultimate trigger for exocytosis. In response to high glucose, ATP-sensitive K+ channel closure and plasma membrane depolarization engage a sophisticated machinery to drive pulsatile cytosolic Ca2+ changes. Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ -activated K+ channels and Na+ /Ca2+ exchange all play important roles. The use of targeted Ca2+ probes has revealed that during each cytosolic Ca2+ pulse, uptake of Ca2+ by mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), secretory granules and lysosomes fine-tune cytosolic Ca2+ dynamics and control organellar function. For example, changes in the expression of the Ca2+ -binding protein Sorcin appear to provide a link between ER Ca2+ levels and ER stress, affecting β-cell function and survival. Across the islet, intercellular communication between highly interconnected "hubs," which act as pacemaker β-cells, and subservient "followers," ensures efficient insulin secretion. Loss of connectivity is seen after the deletion of genes associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and follows metabolic and inflammatory insults that characterize this disease. Hubs, which typically comprise ~1%-10% of total β-cells, are repurposed for their specialized role by expression of high glucokinase (Gck) but lower Pdx1 and Nkx6.1 levels. Single cell-omics are poised to provide a deeper understanding of the nature of these cells and of the networks through which they communicate. New insights into the control of both the intra- and intercellular Ca2+ dynamics may thus shed light on T2D pathology and provide novel opportunities for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and the Imperial Pancreatic Islet Biology and Diabetes Consortium, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, COMPARE University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham Midlands, Birmingham, UK
| | - Pauline Chabosseau
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and the Imperial Pancreatic Islet Biology and Diabetes Consortium, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth Haythorne
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and the Imperial Pancreatic Islet Biology and Diabetes Consortium, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Timothy J Pullen
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and the Imperial Pancreatic Islet Biology and Diabetes Consortium, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Isabelle Leclerc
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and the Imperial Pancreatic Islet Biology and Diabetes Consortium, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
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31
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Luo F, Feng Y, Ma H, Liu C, Chen G, Wei X, Mao X, Li X, Xu Y, Tang S, Wen H, Jin J, Zhu Q. Neutral ceramidase activity inhibition is involved in palmitate-induced apoptosis in INS-1 cells. Endocr J 2017; 64:767-776. [PMID: 28674283 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej16-0512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutral ceramidase (NCDase) is a class of ceramidases, a key enzyme in ceramide degradation. Recently, it was observed that NCDase activity was suppressed by saturated fatty acids to increase ceramide content in rat muscle. However, little is known about its changes in activity and roles in palmitate (Palm)-induced lipotoxicity in pancreatic β cells. Here, we demonstrated that Palm treatment significantly down-regulated NCDase activity, mRNA and protein levels in rat INS-1 cells. In addition, Palm caused a significant accumulation of ceramide, while SPH level remained unchanged, suggesting that inhibition of NCDase activity led to no change of SPH level after treatment with Palm for 24 h. Furthermore, NCDase overexpression significantly reduced Palm-induced apoptosis in INS-1 cells. Conversely, NCDase siRNA knockdown markedly exacerbated Palm-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, Palm treatment suppressed the activity of NCDase and down-regulated its mRNA and protein expression. Furthermore, NCDase inhibition was involved in Palm-induced apoptosis by blocking ceramide degradation in INS-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Yamin Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Huimin Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Guofang Chen
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Xiaodong Mao
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Xingjia Li
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Yijiao Xu
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Shan Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Honghua Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Junfei Jin
- China-USA Lipids in Health and Disease Research Center, Guilin Medical University, Gulin 541001, China
| | - Qun Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
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32
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Brar GS, Barrow BM, Watson M, Griesbach R, Choung E, Welch A, Ruzsicska B, Raleigh DP, Zraika S. Neprilysin Is Required for Angiotensin-(1-7)'s Ability to Enhance Insulin Secretion via Its Proteolytic Activity to Generate Angiotensin-(1-2). Diabetes 2017; 66:2201-2212. [PMID: 28559246 PMCID: PMC5521860 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent work has renewed interest in therapies targeting the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) to improve β-cell function in type 2 diabetes. Studies show that generation of angiotensin-(1-7) by ACE2 and its binding to the Mas receptor (MasR) improves glucose homeostasis, partly by enhancing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Thus, islet ACE2 upregulation is viewed as a desirable therapeutic goal. Here, we show that, although endogenous islet ACE2 expression is sparse, its inhibition abrogates angiotensin-(1-7)-mediated GSIS. However, a more widely expressed islet peptidase, neprilysin, degrades angiotensin-(1-7) into several peptides. In neprilysin-deficient mouse islets, angiotensin-(1-7) and neprilysin-derived degradation products angiotensin-(1-4), angiotensin-(5-7), and angiotensin-(3-4) failed to enhance GSIS. Conversely, angiotensin-(1-2) enhanced GSIS in both neprilysin-deficient and wild-type islets. Rather than mediating this effect via activation of the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) MasR, angiotensin-(1-2) was found to signal via another GPCR, namely GPCR family C group 6 member A (GPRC6A). In conclusion, in islets, intact angiotensin-(1-7) is not the primary mediator of beneficial effects ascribed to the ACE2/angiotensin-(1-7)/MasR axis. Our findings warrant caution for the concurrent use of angiotensin-(1-7) compounds and neprilysin inhibitors as therapies for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurkirat S Brar
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Matthew Watson
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Ryan Griesbach
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Edwina Choung
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA
| | - Andrew Welch
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Bela Ruzsicska
- Institute for Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Daniel P Raleigh
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Sakeneh Zraika
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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de Souza AH, Santos LRB, Roma LP, Bensellam M, Carpinelli AR, Jonas JC. NADPH oxidase-2 does not contribute to β-cell glucotoxicity in cultured pancreatic islets from C57BL/6J mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 439:354-362. [PMID: 27664519 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
High glucose-induced oxidative stress and increased NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2) activity may contribute to the progressive decline of the functional β-cell mass in type 2 diabetes. To test that hypothesis, we characterized, in islets from male NOX2 knockout (NOX2-KO) and wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J mice cultured for up to 3 weeks at 10 or 30 mmol/l glucose (G10 or G30), the in vitro effects of glucose on cytosolic oxidative stress using probes sensing glutathione oxidation (GRX1-roGFP2), thiol oxidation (roGFP1) or H2O2 (roGFP2-Orp1), on β-cell stimulus-secretion coupling events and on β-cell apoptosis. After 1-2 days of culture in G10, the glucose stimulation of insulin secretion (GSIS) was ∼1.7-fold higher in NOX2-KO vs. WT islets at 20-30 mmol/l glucose despite similar rises in NAD(P)H and intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and no differences in cytosolic GRX1-roGFP2 oxidation. After long-term culture at G10, roGFP1 and roGFP2-Orp1 oxidation and β-cell apoptosis remained low, and the glucose-induced rises in NAD(P)H, [Ca2+]i and GSIS were similarly preserved in both islet types. After prolonged culture at G30, roGFP1 and roGFP2-Orp1 oxidation increased in parallel with β-cell apoptosis, the glucose sensitivity of the NADPH, [Ca2+]i and insulin secretion responses increased, the maximal [Ca2+]i response decreased, but maximal GSIS was preserved. These responses were almost identical in both islet types. In conclusion, NOX2 is a negative regulator of maximal GSIS in C57BL/6J mouse islets, but it does not detectably contribute to the in vitro glucotoxic induction of cytosolic oxidative stress and alterations of β-cell survival and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaldo H de Souza
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laila R B Santos
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Leticia P Roma
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mohammed Bensellam
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Angelo R Carpinelli
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jean-Christophe Jonas
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Brussels, Belgium.
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Nzuza S, Ndwandwe DE, Owira PMO. Naringin protects against HIV-1 protease inhibitors-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 437:1-10. [PMID: 27496642 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The protective effects of grapefruit-derived naringin against HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors (PIs)-associated oxidative damage to pancreatic β-cells and apoptosis were investigated in RIN-5F cells in culture. METHODS Cells in culture medium were challenged with 11-25 mM glucose with or without nelfinavir (1-10 μM), saquinavir (1-10 μM) and atazanavir (5-20 μM), respectively for 24 h to determine insulin secretion. The cells were further treated with nelfinavir (10 μM), saquinavir (10 μM), atazanavir (20 μM) with and without naringin or glibenclamide (10 μM) for 24 h to determine insulin secretion, lipid peroxidation, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione (GSH) levels, ATP production and caspase-3 and-9 activities, respectively. RESULTS Glucose-dependent insulin secretion was significantly reduced by PIs in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment with either naringin or glibenclamide significantly reduced lipid peroxidation, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activities and also increased glutathione (GSH) and ATP levels in the cells that were treated with PIs. Furthermore, naringin or glibenclamide significantly reduced caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities in cells that were treated with PIs. CONCLUSIONS PIs impair β-cell functions by increasing oxidative stress and apoptosis. Treatment with naringin protected RIN-5F cells from PI-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis. Our results therefore suggest that nutritional supplements with naringin could prevent pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and the attendant metabolic complications caused by PIs in patients on antiretroviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanelisiwe Nzuza
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P.O. Box X5401, Durban, South Africa
| | - Duduzile E Ndwandwe
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P.O. Box X5401, Durban, South Africa
| | - Peter M O Owira
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P.O. Box X5401, Durban, South Africa.
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Remsberg JR, Ediger BN, Ho WY, Damle M, Li Z, Teng C, Lanzillotta C, Stoffers DA, Lazar MA. Deletion of histone deacetylase 3 in adult beta cells improves glucose tolerance via increased insulin secretion. Mol Metab 2016; 6:30-37. [PMID: 28123935 PMCID: PMC5220396 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Histone deacetylases are epigenetic regulators known to control gene transcription in various tissues. A member of this family, histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3), has been shown to regulate metabolic genes. Cell culture studies with HDAC-specific inhibitors and siRNA suggest that HDAC3 plays a role in pancreatic β-cell function, but a recent genetic study in mice has been contradictory. Here we address the functional role of HDAC3 in β-cells of adult mice. Methods An HDAC3 β-cell specific knockout was generated in adult MIP-CreERT transgenic mice using the Cre-loxP system. Induction of HDAC3 deletion was initiated at 8 weeks of age with administration of tamoxifen in corn oil (2 mg/day for 5 days). Mice were assayed for glucose tolerance, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and islet function 2 weeks after induction of the knockout. Transcriptional functions of HDAC3 were assessed by ChIP-seq as well as RNA-seq comparing control and β-cell knockout islets. Results HDAC3 β-cell specific knockout (HDAC3βKO) did not increase total pancreatic insulin content or β-cell mass. However, HDAC3βKO mice demonstrated markedly improved glucose tolerance. This improved glucose metabolism coincided with increased basal and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in vivo as well as in isolated islets. Cistromic and transcriptomic analyses of pancreatic islets revealed that HDAC3 regulates multiple genes that contribute to glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Conclusions HDAC3 plays an important role in regulating insulin secretion in vivo, and therapeutic intervention may improve glucose homeostasis. HDAC3 ablation in adult mouse β-cells improves glucose tolerance. Improved glucose tolerance is due to increased insulin secretion. HDAC3 targets multiple genes involved in potentiating insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarrett R Remsberg
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Benjamin N Ediger
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wesley Y Ho
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Manashree Damle
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zhenghui Li
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christopher Teng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Cristina Lanzillotta
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Doris A Stoffers
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mitchell A Lazar
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Zhang HH, Ma XJ, Wu LN, Zhao YY, Zhang PY, Zhang YH, Shao MW, Liu F, Li F, Qin GJ. Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) protects pancreatic β-cells from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis and dysfunction. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 420:95-106. [PMID: 27449933 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2771-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient insulin produced by pancreatic β-cells in the control of blood sugar is a central feature of the etiology of diabetes. Reports have shown that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is fundamentally involved in β-cell dysfunction. In this study, we hypothesized that NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-3 (SIRT3), an important regulator of cell metabolism, protects pancreatic β-cells from ER stress-mediated apoptosis. To validate our hypothesis, a rat diabetic model was established by a high-fat diet (HFD). We found that SIRT3 expression was markedly decreased in NIT1 and INS1 cells incubated with palmitate. Palmitate treatment significantly decreased β-cell viability and insulin secretion, and promoted malondialdehyde (MDA) formation. However, SIRT3 overexpression in NIT1 and INS1 cells reversed these effects, resulting in higher insulin secretion, decreased β-cell apoptosis, and downregulation of the expression of ER stress-associated genes. Moreover, SIRT3 overexpression also inhibited calcium influx and the hyperacetylation of glucose-regulated protein of 78 kDa (GRP78). SIRT3 knockdown effectively enhanced the upregulation of phospho-extracellular regulated protein kinases (pERK), inositol-requiring enzyme-1 (IRE1), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) induced by palmitate, and promoted palmitate-induced β-cell apoptosis and dysfunction. Taken together, our results suggest that SIRT3 is an integral regulator of ER function and that its depletion might result in the hyperacetylation of critical ER proteins that protect against islet lipotoxicity under conditions of nutrient excess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Hao Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Ma
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Li-Na Wu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yan-Yan Zhao
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Peng-Yu Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Ying-Hui Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Ming-Wei Shao
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Fei Li
- Division of Vasculitis, Guancheng Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Shangdu Road, Zhengzhou, 450016, China
| | - Gui-Jun Qin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Wallbach M, Duque Escobar J, Babaeikelishomi R, Stahnke MJ, Blume R, Schröder S, Kruegel J, Maedler K, Kluth O, Kehlenbach RH, Miosge N, Oetjen E. Distinct functions of the dual leucine zipper kinase depending on its subcellular localization. Cell Signal 2016; 28:272-83. [PMID: 26776303 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The dual leucine zipper kinase DLK induces β-cell apoptosis by inhibiting the transcriptional activity conferred by the β-cell protective transcription factor cAMP response element binding protein CREB. This action might contribute to β-cell loss and ultimately diabetes. Within its kinase domain DLK shares high homology with the mixed lineage kinase (MLK) 3, which is activated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α and interleukin (IL)-1β, known prediabetic signals. In the present study, the regulation of DLK in β-cells by these cytokines was investigated. Both, TNFα and IL-1β induced the nuclear translocation of DLK. Mutations within a putative nuclear localization signal (NLS) prevented basal and cytokine-induced nuclear localization of DLK and binding to the importin receptor importin α, thereby demonstrating a functional NLS within DLK. DLK NLS mutants were catalytically active as they phosphorylated their down-stream kinase c-Jun N-terminal kinase to the same extent as DLK wild-type but did neither inhibit CREB-dependent gene transcription nor transcription conferred by the promoter of the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-xL. In addition, the β-cell apoptosis-inducing effect of DLK was severely diminished by mutation of its NLS. In a murine model of prediabetes, enhanced nuclear DLK was found. These data demonstrate that DLK exerts distinct functions, depending on its subcellular localization and thus provide a novel level of regulating DLK action. Furthermore, the prevention of the nuclear localization of DLK as induced by prediabetic signals with consecutive suppression of β-cell apoptosis might constitute a novel target in the therapy of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Wallbach
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jorge Duque Escobar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rohollah Babaeikelishomi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marie-Jeannette Stahnke
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Roland Blume
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sabine Schröder
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jenny Kruegel
- Department of Prothetics, Faculty of Medicine, Georg-August-University, GZMB, Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Maedler
- Center for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Leobener Str. Im NW2, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Oliver Kluth
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Ralph H Kehlenbach
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Georg-August-University, GZMB, Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nicolai Miosge
- Department of Prothetics, Faculty of Medicine, Georg-August-University, GZMB, Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Elke Oetjen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Pharmacy, University of Hamburg, Bundesstr. 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
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Abstract
Supramolecular cup-shaped lipoprotein structures called porosomes embedded in the cell plasma membrane mediate fractional release of intravesicular contents from cells during secretion. The presence of porosomes, have been documented in many cell types including neurons, acinar cells of the exocrine pancreas, GH-secreting cells of the pituitary, and insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells. Functional reconstitution of porosomes into artificial lipid membranes, have also been accomplished. Earlier studies on mouse insulin-secreting Min6 cells report 100-nm porosome complexes composed of nearly 30 proteins. In the current study, porosomes have been functionally reconstituted for the first time in live cells. Isolated Min6 porosomes reconstituted into live Min6 cells demonstrate augmented levels of porosome proteins and a consequent increase in the potency and efficacy of glucose-stimulated insulin release. Elevated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion 48 hours after reconstitution, reflects on the remarkable stability and viability of reconstituted porosomes, documenting the functional reconstitution of native porosomes in live cells. These results, establish a new paradigm in porosome-mediated insulin secretion in β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshata R Naik
- Department of Physiology (A.R.N., S.P.K., K.T.L., B.P.J.), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (D.J.T.), Microscopy Imaging Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 05405
| | - Sanjana P Kulkarni
- Department of Physiology (A.R.N., S.P.K., K.T.L., B.P.J.), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (D.J.T.), Microscopy Imaging Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 05405
| | - Kenneth T Lewis
- Department of Physiology (A.R.N., S.P.K., K.T.L., B.P.J.), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (D.J.T.), Microscopy Imaging Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 05405
| | - Douglas J Taatjes
- Department of Physiology (A.R.N., S.P.K., K.T.L., B.P.J.), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (D.J.T.), Microscopy Imaging Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 05405
| | - Bhanu P Jena
- Department of Physiology (A.R.N., S.P.K., K.T.L., B.P.J.), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (D.J.T.), Microscopy Imaging Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 05405
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Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a prototype mammalian NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylase that has emerged as a key metabolic sensor in various metabolic tissues. Growing evidence suggests that SIRT1 regulates glucose and lipid metabolism through its deacetylase activity. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress in SIRT1 research with a particular focus on the role of SIRT1 in insulin resistance at different metabolic tissues. Recent data indicate that activated SIRT1 improves the insulin sensitivity of liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissues and protects the function and cell mass of pancreatic β-cells. These findings suggest that SIRT1 might be a new therapeutic target for the prevention of disease related to insulin resistance, such as metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, the 3rd Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Ziqiang Road 139, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China, 050051
| | - Xinli Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the 3rd Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Ziqiang Road 139, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China, 050051
| | - Huijie Ma
- Department of Physiology; Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan Road 361, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China, 050017
| | - Yuling Wang
- Department of Internal Neurology, the 3rd Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Ziqiang Road 139, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China, 050051
| | - Peng Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, the 3rd Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Ziqiang Road 139, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China, 050051
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, the 3rd Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Ziqiang Road 139, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China, 050051.
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DINIĆ S, GRDOVIĆ N, USKOKOVIĆ A, ĐORĐEVIĆ M, MIHAILOVIĆ M, JOVANOVIĆ JA, POZNANOVIĆ G, VIDAKOVIĆ M. CXCL12 protects pancreatic β-cells from oxidative stress by a Nrf2-induced increase in catalase expression and activity. Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci 2016; 92:436-454. [PMID: 27840391 PMCID: PMC5328787 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.92.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to intrinsically low levels of antioxidant enzyme expression and activity, insulin producing pancreatic β-cells are particularly susceptible to free radical attack. In diabetes mellitus, which is accompanied by high levels of oxidative stress, this feature of β-cells significantly contributes to their damage and dysfunction. In light of the documented pro-survival effect of chemokine C-X-C Ligand 12 (CXCL12) on pancreatic β-cells, we examined its potential role in antioxidant protection. We report that CXCL12 overexpression enhanced the resistance of rat insulinoma (Rin-5F) and primary pancreatic islet cells to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). CXCL12 lowered the levels of DNA damage and lipid peroxidation and preserved insulin expression. This effect was mediated through an increase in catalase (CAT) activity. By activating downstream p38, Akt and ERK kinases, CXCL12 facilitated Nrf2 nuclear translocation and enhanced its binding to the CAT gene promoter, inducing constitutive CAT expression and activity that was essential for protecting β-cells from H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana DINIĆ
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nevena GRDOVIĆ
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra USKOKOVIĆ
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miloš ĐORĐEVIĆ
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana MIHAILOVIĆ
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Arambašić JOVANOVIĆ
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Goran POZNANOVIĆ
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Melita VIDAKOVIĆ
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence should be addressed: M. Vidaković, Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia (e-mail: )
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Prause M, Mayer CM, Brorsson C, Frederiksen KS, Billestrup N, Størling J, Mandrup-Poulsen T. JNK1 Deficient Insulin-Producing Cells Are Protected against Interleukin-1β-Induced Apoptosis Associated with Abrogated Myc Expression. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:1312705. [PMID: 26962537 PMCID: PMC4745310 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1312705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The relative contributions of the JNK subtypes in inflammatory β-cell failure and apoptosis are unclear. The JNK protein family consists of JNK1, JNK2, and JNK3 subtypes, encompassing many different isoforms. INS-1 cells express JNK1α1, JNK1α2, JNK1β1, JNK1β2, JNK2α1, JNK2α2, JNK3α1, and JNK3α2 mRNA isoform transcripts translating into 46 and 54 kDa isoform JNK proteins. Utilizing Lentiviral mediated expression of shRNAs against JNK1, JNK2, or JNK3 in insulin-producing INS-1 cells, we investigated the role of individual JNK subtypes in IL-1β-induced β-cell apoptosis. JNK1 knockdown prevented IL-1β-induced INS-1 cell apoptosis associated with decreased 46 kDa isoform JNK protein phosphorylation and attenuated Myc expression. Transient knockdown of Myc also prevented IL-1β-induced apoptosis as well as caspase 3 cleavage. JNK2 shRNA potentiated IL-1β-induced apoptosis and caspase 3 cleavage, whereas JNK3 shRNA did not affect IL-1β-induced β-cell death compared to nonsense shRNA expressing INS-1 cells. In conclusion, JNK1 mediates INS-1 cell death associated with increased Myc expression. These findings underline the importance of differentiated targeting of JNK subtypes in the development of inflammatory β-cell failure and destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michala Prause
- Immuno-Endocrinology Lab, Endocrinology Research Section, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Section of Cellular and Metabolic Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
- *Michala Prause:
| | | | - Caroline Brorsson
- Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center, Herlev University Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Nils Billestrup
- Section of Cellular and Metabolic Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Joachim Størling
- Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center, Herlev University Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Thomas Mandrup-Poulsen
- Immuno-Endocrinology Lab, Endocrinology Research Section, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
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Pillai R, Paglialunga S, Hoang M, Cousteils K, Prentice KJ, Bombardier E, Huang M, Gonzalez FJ, Tupling AR, Wheeler MB, Joseph JW. Deletion of ARNT/HIF1β in pancreatic beta cells does not impair glucose homeostasis in mice, but is associated with defective glucose sensing ex vivo. Diabetologia 2015; 58:2832-42. [PMID: 26409461 PMCID: PMC6338330 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3768-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS It has been suggested that the transcription factor ARNT/HIF1β is critical for maintaining in vivo glucose homeostasis and pancreatic beta cell glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Our goal was to gain more insights into the metabolic defects seen after the loss of ARNT/HIF1β in beta cells. METHODS The in vivo and in vitro consequences of the loss of ARNT/HIF1β were investigated in beta cell specific Arnt/Hif1β knockout mice (β-Arnt (fl/fl/Cre) mice). RESULTS The only in vivo defects found in β-Arnt (fl/fl/Cre) mice were significant increases in the respiratory exchange ratio and in vivo carbohydrate oxidation, and a decrease in lipid oxidation. The mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate was unaltered in mouse β-Arnt (fl/fl/Cre) islets upon glucose stimulation. β-Arnt (fl/fl/Cre) islets had an impairment in the glucose-stimulated increase in Ca(2+) signalling and a reduced insulin secretory response to glucose in the presence of KCl and diazoxide. The glucose-stimulated increase in the NADPH/NADP(+) ratio was reduced in β-Arnt (fl/fl/Cre) islets. The reduced GSIS and NADPH/NADP(+) levels in β-Arnt (fl/fl/Cre) islets could be rescued by treatment with membrane-permeable tricarboxylic acid intermediates. Small interfering (si)RNA mediated knockdown of ARNT/HIF1β in human islets also inhibited GSIS. These results suggest that the regulation of GSIS by the KATP channel-dependent and -independent pathways is affected by the loss of ARNT/HIF1β in islets. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION This study provides three new insights into the role of ARNT/HIF1β in beta cells: (1) ARNT/HIF1β deletion in mice impairs GSIS ex vivo; (2) β-Arnt (fl/fl/Cre) mice have an increased respiratory exchange ratio; and (3) ARNT/HIF1β is required for GSIS in human islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjitha Pillai
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Health Science Campus building A, room 4008, 10A Victoria Street South, Kitchener, ON, Canada, N2G 1C5
| | - Sabina Paglialunga
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Health Science Campus building A, room 4008, 10A Victoria Street South, Kitchener, ON, Canada, N2G 1C5
| | - Monica Hoang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Health Science Campus building A, room 4008, 10A Victoria Street South, Kitchener, ON, Canada, N2G 1C5
| | - Katelyn Cousteils
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Health Science Campus building A, room 4008, 10A Victoria Street South, Kitchener, ON, Canada, N2G 1C5
| | - Kacey J Prentice
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric Bombardier
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Mei Huang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Health Science Campus building A, room 4008, 10A Victoria Street South, Kitchener, ON, Canada, N2G 1C5
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A Russell Tupling
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Michael B Wheeler
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jamie W Joseph
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Health Science Campus building A, room 4008, 10A Victoria Street South, Kitchener, ON, Canada, N2G 1C5.
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Wang S, Yang Z, Gao Y, Li Q, Su Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Man H, Liu H. Pyruvate kinase, muscle isoform 2 promotes proliferation and insulin secretion of pancreatic β-cells via activating Wnt/CTNNB1 signaling. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:14441-8. [PMID: 26823761 PMCID: PMC4713547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Failure of pancreatic β-cells is closely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), an intractable disease affecting numerous patients. Pyruvate kinase, muscle isoform 2 (PKM2) is a potential modulator of insulin secretion in β-cells. This study aims at revealing roles and possible mechanisms of PKM2 in pancreatic β-cells. Mouse pancreatic β-cell line NIT-1 was used for high glucose treatment and PKM2 overexpression by its specific expression vector. Cell proliferation by Thiazolyl blue assay, cell apoptosis by annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/prodium iodide staining and insulin secretion assay by ELISA were performed in each group. The mRNA and protein levels of related factors were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR and western blot. Results showed that Pkm2 was inhibited under high glucose conditions compared to the untreated cells (P < 0.01). Its overexpression significantly suppressed NIT-1 cell apoptosis (P < 0.01), and induced cell proliferation (P < 0.05) and insulin secretion (P < 0.05). Related factors showed consistent mRNA expression changes. Protein levels of β-catenin (CTNNB1), insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and IRS2 were all promoted by PKM2 overexpression (P < 0.01), indicating the activated Wnt/CTNNB1 signaling. These results indicated the inductive roles of PKM2 in pancreatic β-cell NIT-1, including promoting cell proliferation and insulin secretion, and inhibiting cell apoptosis, which might be achieved via activating the Wnt/CTNNB1 signaling and downstream factors. This study offers basic information on the role and mechanism of PKM2 in pancreatic β-cells, and lays the foundation for using PKM2 as a potential therapeutic target in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suijun Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450003, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Ying Gao
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450003, P. R. China
| | - Quanzhong Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450003, P. R. China
| | - Yong Su
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450003, P. R. China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450003, P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450003, P. R. China
| | - Hua Man
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450003, P. R. China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450003, P. R. China
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44
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Shen W, Taylor B, Jin Q, Nguyen-Tran V, Meeusen S, Zhang YQ, Kamireddy A, Swafford A, Powers AF, Walker J, Lamb J, Bursalaya B, DiDonato M, Harb G, Qiu M, Filippi CM, Deaton L, Turk CN, Suarez-Pinzon WL, Liu Y, Hao X, Mo T, Yan S, Li J, Herman AE, Hering BJ, Wu T, Martin Seidel H, McNamara P, Glynne R, Laffitte B. Inhibition of DYRK1A and GSK3B induces human β-cell proliferation. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8372. [PMID: 26496802 PMCID: PMC4639830 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Insufficient pancreatic β-cell mass or function results in diabetes mellitus. While significant progress has been made in regulating insulin secretion from β-cells in diabetic patients, no pharmacological agents have been described that increase β-cell replication in humans. Here we report aminopyrazine compounds that stimulate robust β-cell proliferation in adult primary islets, most likely as a result of combined inhibition of DYRK1A and GSK3B. Aminopyrazine-treated human islets retain functionality in vitro and after transplantation into diabetic mice. Oral dosing of these compounds in diabetic mice induces β-cell proliferation, increases β-cell mass and insulin content, and improves glycaemic control. Biochemical, genetic and cell biology data point to Dyrk1a as the key molecular target. This study supports the feasibility of treating diabetes with an oral therapy to restore β-cell mass, and highlights a tractable pathway for future drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Shen
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Brandon Taylor
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Qihui Jin
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Van Nguyen-Tran
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Shelly Meeusen
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - You-Qing Zhang
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Anwesh Kamireddy
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Austin Swafford
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Andrew F. Powers
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - John Walker
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - John Lamb
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Badry Bursalaya
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Michael DiDonato
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - George Harb
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Minhua Qiu
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Christophe M. Filippi
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Lisa Deaton
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Carolina N. Turk
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Wilma L. Suarez-Pinzon
- Department of Surgery and Schulze Diabetes Institute, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Yahu Liu
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Xueshi Hao
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Tingting Mo
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Shanshan Yan
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Ann E. Herman
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Bernhard J. Hering
- Department of Surgery and Schulze Diabetes Institute, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Tom Wu
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - H. Martin Seidel
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Peter McNamara
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Richard Glynne
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Bryan Laffitte
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA
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Abstract
The aim of the present investigation was to delineate cytokine-induced signaling and death using the EndoC-βH1 cells as a model for primary human beta-cells. The cytokines IL-1β and IFN-γ induced a rapid and transient activation of NF-κB, STAT-1, ERK, JNK and eIF-2α signaling. The EndoC-βH1 cells died rapidly when exposed to IL-1β + IFN-γ, and this occurred also in the presence of the actinomycin D. Inhibition of NF-κB and STAT-1 did not protect against cell death, nor did the cytokines activate iNOS expression. Instead, cytokines promoted a rapid decrease in EndoC-βH1 cell respiration and ATP levels, and we observed protection by the AMPK activator AICAR against cytokine-induced cell death. It is concluded that EndoC-βH1 cell death can be prevented by AMPK activation, which suggests a role for ATP depletion in cytokine-induced human beta-cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikard G Fred
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Camilla Kappe
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Adam Ameur
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jing Cen
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peter Bergsten
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Phillippe Ravassard
- Biotechnology and Biotherapy Laboratory, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Raphael Scharfmann
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75014, France
| | - Nils Welsh
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Malle EK, Zammit NW, Walters SN, Koay YC, Wu J, Tan BM, Villanueva JE, Brink R, Loudovaris T, Cantley J, McAlpine SR, Hesselson D, Grey ST. Nuclear factor κB-inducing kinase activation as a mechanism of pancreatic β cell failure in obesity. J Exp Med 2015; 212:1239-54. [PMID: 26122662 PMCID: PMC4516791 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20150218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway is a master regulator of inflammatory processes and is implicated in insulin resistance and pancreatic β cell dysfunction in the metabolic syndrome. Whereas canonical NF-κB signaling is well studied, there is little information on the divergent noncanonical NF-κB pathway in the context of pancreatic islet dysfunction. Here, we demonstrate that pharmacological activation of the noncanonical NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) disrupts glucose homeostasis in zebrafish in vivo. We identify NIK as a critical negative regulator of β cell function, as pharmacological NIK activation results in impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in mouse and human islets. NIK levels are elevated in pancreatic islets isolated from diet-induced obese (DIO) mice, which exhibit increased processing of noncanonical NF-κB components p100 to p52, and accumulation of RelB. TNF and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), two ligands associated with diabetes, induce NIK in islets. Mice with constitutive β cell-intrinsic NIK activation present impaired insulin secretion with DIO. NIK activation triggers the noncanonical NF-κB transcriptional network to induce genes identified in human type 2 diabetes genome-wide association studies linked to β cell failure. These studies reveal that NIK contributes a central mechanism for β cell failure in diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth K Malle
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Cancer Bioinformatics, Cancer Division, B Cell Biology, Immunology Division, and Beta Cell Regeneration, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Nathan W Zammit
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Cancer Bioinformatics, Cancer Division, B Cell Biology, Immunology Division, and Beta Cell Regeneration, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Stacey N Walters
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Cancer Bioinformatics, Cancer Division, B Cell Biology, Immunology Division, and Beta Cell Regeneration, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Yen Chin Koay
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jianmin Wu
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Cancer Bioinformatics, Cancer Division, B Cell Biology, Immunology Division, and Beta Cell Regeneration, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Bernice M Tan
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Cancer Bioinformatics, Cancer Division, B Cell Biology, Immunology Division, and Beta Cell Regeneration, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Jeanette E Villanueva
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Cancer Bioinformatics, Cancer Division, B Cell Biology, Immunology Division, and Beta Cell Regeneration, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Robert Brink
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Cancer Bioinformatics, Cancer Division, B Cell Biology, Immunology Division, and Beta Cell Regeneration, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Tom Loudovaris
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy VIC 3065, Australia
| | - James Cantley
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, England, UK
| | - Shelli R McAlpine
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Daniel Hesselson
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Cancer Bioinformatics, Cancer Division, B Cell Biology, Immunology Division, and Beta Cell Regeneration, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Shane T Grey
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Cancer Bioinformatics, Cancer Division, B Cell Biology, Immunology Division, and Beta Cell Regeneration, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia
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Edalat A, Schulte-Mecklenbeck P, Bauer C, Undank S, Krippeit-Drews P, Drews G, Düfer M. Mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase is involved in stimulus-secretion coupling and endogenous ROS formation in murine beta cells. Diabetologia 2015; 58:1532-41. [PMID: 25874444 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3577-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Generation of reduction equivalents is a prerequisite for nutrient-stimulated insulin secretion. Mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) fulfils a dual function with respect to mitochondrial energy supply: (1) the enzyme is part of mitochondrial respiratory chains; and (2) it catalyses oxidation of succinate to fumarate in the Krebs cycle. The aim of our study was to elucidate the significance of SDH for beta cell stimulus-secretion coupling (SSC). METHODS Mitochondrial variables, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]c) were measured by fluorescence techniques and insulin release by radioimmunoassay in islets or islet cells of C57Bl/6N mice. RESULTS Inhibition of SDH with 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) or monoethyl fumarate (MEF) reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Inhibition of the ATP-sensitive K(+) channel (KATP channel) partly prevented this effect, whereas potentiation of antioxidant defence by superoxide dismutase mimetics (TEMPOL and mito-TEMPO) or by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2)-mediated upregulation of antioxidant enzymes (oltipraz, tert-butylhydroxyquinone) did not diminish the inhibitory influence of 3-NPA. Blocking SDH decreased glucose-stimulated increase in intracellular FADH2 concentration without alterations in NAD(P)H. In addition, 3-NPA and MEF drastically reduced glucose-induced hyperpolarisation of mitochondrial membrane potential, indicative of decreased ATP production. As a consequence, the glucose-stimulated rise in [Ca(2+)]c was significantly delayed and reduced. Acute application of 3-NPA interrupted glucose-driven oscillations of [Ca(2+)]c. 3-NPA per se did not elevate intracellular ROS, but instead prevented glucose-induced ROS accumulation. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION SDH is an important regulator of insulin secretion and ROS production. Inhibition of SDH interrupts membrane-potential-dependent SSC, pointing to a pivotal role of mitochondrial FAD/FADH2 homeostasis for the maintenance of glycaemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Edalat
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
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48
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Rahman SA, Senniappan S, Sherif M, Tahir S, Hussain K. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 expression in pancreatic tissue from patients with congenital hyperinsulinism. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:8199-8208. [PMID: 26339388 PMCID: PMC4555716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is caused by unregulated insulin release and leads to hyperinsulinaemic-hypoglycaemia (HH). Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), peptide YY (PYY) and the enzyme; dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) all regulate appetite and glucose homeostasis. These proteins have been identified as possible contributors to HH but the mechanism remains poorly understood. We aimed to look at the expression pattern of pancreatic DPP-4 in children with focal and diffuse CHI (FCHI and DCHI, respectively). Using immunohistochemistry; we determined DPP-4 expression patterns in the pancreas of CHI patients. DPP-4 was found to be expressed in the pancreatic β, α and δ-cells in and around the focal area. However, it was predominantly co-localised with β-cells in the paediatric tissue samples. Additionally, proliferating β-cells expressed DPP-4 in DCHI, which was absent in the FCHI pancreas. Insulin was found to be present in the exocrine acini and duct cells of the DCHI pancreas suggestive of exocrine to endocrine transdifferentiation. Furthermore, 6 medically-unresponsive DCHI pancreatic samples showed an up-regulation of total pancreatic DPP-4 expression. In conclusion; the expression studies have shown DPP-4 to be altered in HH, however, further work is required to understand the underlying role for this enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia A Rahman
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, Genetics and Epigenetics in Health & Disease Section, UCL Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Senthil Senniappan
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, Genetics and Epigenetics in Health & Disease Section, UCL Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Maha Sherif
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, Genetics and Epigenetics in Health & Disease Section, UCL Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Sophia Tahir
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, Genetics and Epigenetics in Health & Disease Section, UCL Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Khalid Hussain
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, Genetics and Epigenetics in Health & Disease Section, UCL Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
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Um SH, Sticker-Jantscheff M, Chau GC, Vintersten K, Mueller M, Gangloff YG, Adams RH, Spetz JF, Elghazi L, Pfluger PT, Pende M, Bernal-Mizrachi E, Tauler A, Tschöp MH, Thomas G, Kozma SC. S6K1 controls pancreatic β cell size independently of intrauterine growth restriction. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:2736-47. [PMID: 26075820 DOI: 10.1172/jci77030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a worldwide heath problem that is characterized by insulin resistance and the eventual loss of β cell function. As recent studies have shown that loss of ribosomal protein (RP) S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) increases systemic insulin sensitivity, S6K1 inhibitors are being pursued as potential agents for improving insulin resistance. Here we found that S6K1 deficiency in mice also leads to decreased β cell growth, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and impaired placental development. IUGR is a common complication of human pregnancy that limits the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the developing fetus, leading to diminished embryonic β cell growth and the onset of T2DM later in life. However, restoration of placental development and the rescue of IUGR by tetraploid embryo complementation did not restore β cell size or insulin levels in S6K1-/- embryos, suggesting that loss of S6K1 leads to an intrinsic β cell lesion. Consistent with this hypothesis, reexpression of S6K1 in β cells of S6K1-/- mice restored embryonic β cell size, insulin levels, glucose tolerance, and RPS6 phosphorylation, without rescuing IUGR. Together, these data suggest that a nutrient-mediated reduction in intrinsic β cell S6K1 signaling, rather than IUGR, during fetal development may underlie reduced β cell growth and eventual development of T2DM later in life.
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Kim JK, Lim Y, Lee JO, Lee YS, Won NH, Kim H, Kim HS. PRMT4 is involved in insulin secretion via the methylation of histone H3 in pancreatic β cells. J Mol Endocrinol 2015; 54:315-24. [PMID: 25917831 DOI: 10.1530/jme-14-0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) and insulin synthesis in β cells is not yet well understood. In the present study, we showed that PRMT4 expression was increased in INS-1 and HIT-T15 pancreatic β cells under high-glucose conditions. In addition, asymmetric dimethylation of Arg17 in histone H3 was significantly increased in both cell lines in the presence of glucose. The inhibition or knockdown of PRMT4 suppressed glucose-induced insulin gene expression in INS-1 cells by 81.6 and 79% respectively. Additionally, the overexpression of mutant PRMT4 also significantly repressed insulin gene expression. Consistently, insulin secretion induced in response to high levels of glucose was decreased by both PRMT4 inhibition and knockdown. Moreover, the inhibition of PRMT4 blocked high-glucose-induced insulin gene expression and insulin secretion in primary pancreatic islets. These results indicate that PRMT4 might be a key regulator of high-glucose-induced insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells via H3R17 methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joong Kwan Kim
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaDepartment of SurgerySamsung Medical Center, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 135-710, KoreaDepartment of PathologyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaLee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes InstituteGachon University, Inchon, Kyunggi do, Korea
| | - Yongchul Lim
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaDepartment of SurgerySamsung Medical Center, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 135-710, KoreaDepartment of PathologyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaLee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes InstituteGachon University, Inchon, Kyunggi do, Korea
| | - Jung Ok Lee
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaDepartment of SurgerySamsung Medical Center, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 135-710, KoreaDepartment of PathologyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaLee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes InstituteGachon University, Inchon, Kyunggi do, Korea
| | - Young-Sun Lee
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaDepartment of SurgerySamsung Medical Center, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 135-710, KoreaDepartment of PathologyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaLee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes InstituteGachon University, Inchon, Kyunggi do, Korea
| | - Nam Hee Won
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaDepartment of SurgerySamsung Medical Center, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 135-710, KoreaDepartment of PathologyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaLee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes InstituteGachon University, Inchon, Kyunggi do, Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaDepartment of SurgerySamsung Medical Center, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 135-710, KoreaDepartment of PathologyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaLee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes InstituteGachon University, Inchon, Kyunggi do, Korea
| | - Hyeon Soo Kim
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaDepartment of SurgerySamsung Medical Center, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 135-710, KoreaDepartment of PathologyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaLee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes InstituteGachon University, Inchon, Kyunggi do, Korea
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