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Brar GS, Barrow BM, Watson M, Griesbach R, Choung E, Welch A, Ruzsicska B, Raleigh DP, Zraika S. Neprilysin Is Required for Angiotensin-(1-7)'s Ability to Enhance Insulin Secretion via Its Proteolytic Activity to Generate Angiotensin-(1-2). Diabetes 2017; 66:2201-2212. [PMID: 28559246 PMCID: PMC5521860 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent work has renewed interest in therapies targeting the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) to improve β-cell function in type 2 diabetes. Studies show that generation of angiotensin-(1-7) by ACE2 and its binding to the Mas receptor (MasR) improves glucose homeostasis, partly by enhancing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Thus, islet ACE2 upregulation is viewed as a desirable therapeutic goal. Here, we show that, although endogenous islet ACE2 expression is sparse, its inhibition abrogates angiotensin-(1-7)-mediated GSIS. However, a more widely expressed islet peptidase, neprilysin, degrades angiotensin-(1-7) into several peptides. In neprilysin-deficient mouse islets, angiotensin-(1-7) and neprilysin-derived degradation products angiotensin-(1-4), angiotensin-(5-7), and angiotensin-(3-4) failed to enhance GSIS. Conversely, angiotensin-(1-2) enhanced GSIS in both neprilysin-deficient and wild-type islets. Rather than mediating this effect via activation of the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) MasR, angiotensin-(1-2) was found to signal via another GPCR, namely GPCR family C group 6 member A (GPRC6A). In conclusion, in islets, intact angiotensin-(1-7) is not the primary mediator of beneficial effects ascribed to the ACE2/angiotensin-(1-7)/MasR axis. Our findings warrant caution for the concurrent use of angiotensin-(1-7) compounds and neprilysin inhibitors as therapies for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurkirat S Brar
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Matthew Watson
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Ryan Griesbach
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Edwina Choung
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA
| | - Andrew Welch
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Bela Ruzsicska
- Institute for Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Daniel P Raleigh
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Sakeneh Zraika
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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2
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Matarlo JS, Lu Y, Daryaee F, Daryaee T, Ruzsicska B, Walker SG, Tonge PJ. A Methyl 4-Oxo-4-phenylbut-2-enoate with in Vivo Activity against MRSA that Inhibits MenB in the Bacterial Menaquinone Biosynthesis Pathway. ACS Infect Dis 2016; 2:329-340. [PMID: 27294200 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.6b00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
4-Oxo-4-phenyl-but-2-enoates inhibit MenB, the 1,4-dihydroxyl-2-naphthoyl-CoA synthase in the bacterial menaquinone (MK) biosynthesis pathway, through the formation of an adduct with coenzyme A (CoA). Here, we show that the corresponding methyl butenoates have MIC values as low as 0.35-0.75 µg/mL against drug sensitive and resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Mode of action studies on the most potent compound, methyl 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxobut-2-enoate (1), reveal that 1 is converted into the corresponding CoA adduct in S. aureus cells, and that this adduct binds to the S. aureus MenB (saMenB) with a Kd value of 2 µM. The antibacterial spectrum of 1 is limited to bacteria that utilize MK for respiration, and the activity of 1 can be complemented with exogenous MK or menadione. Finally, treatment of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) with 1 results in the small colony variant phenotype and thus 1 phenocopies knockout of the menB gene. Taken together the data indicate that the antibacterial activity of 1 results from a specific effect on MK biosynthesis. We also evaluated the in vivo efficacy of 1 using two mouse models of MRSA infection. Notably, compound 1 increased survival in a systemic infection model and resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in bacterial load in a thigh infection model, validating MenB as a target for the development of new anti-MRSA candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe S. Matarlo
- Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Yang Lu
- Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Fereidoon Daryaee
- Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Taraneh Daryaee
- Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Bela Ruzsicska
- Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Stephen G. Walker
- Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Peter J. Tonge
- Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
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3
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Wang H, Ridgway Z, Cao P, Ruzsicska B, Raleigh DP. Analysis of the ability of pramlintide to inhibit amyloid formation by human islet amyloid polypeptide reveals a balance between optimal recognition and reduced amyloidogenicity. Biochemistry 2015; 54:6704-11. [PMID: 26407043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The hormone human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP or amylin) plays a role in glucose metabolism, but forms amyloid in the pancreas in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and is associated with β-cell death and dysfunction in the disease. Inhibitors of islet amyloid have therapeutic potential; however, there are no clinically approved inhibitors, and the mode of action of existing inhibitors is not well understood. Rat IAPP (rIAPP) differs from hIAPP at six positions, does not form amyloid, and is an inhibitor of amyloid formation by hIAPP. Five of the six differences are located within the segment of residues 20-29, and three of them are Pro residues, which are well-known disruptors of β-sheet structure. rIAPP is thus a natural example of a "β-breaker inhibitor", a molecule that combines a recognition element with an entity that inhibits β-sheet formation. Pramlintide (PM) is a peptide drug approved for use as an adjunct to insulin therapy for treatment of diabetes. PM was developed by introducing the three Pro substitutions found in rIAPP into hIAPP. Thus, it more closely resembles the human peptide than does rIAPP. Here we examine and compare the ability of rIAPP, PM, and a set of designed analogues of hIAPP to inhibit amyloid formation by hIAPP, to elucidate the factors that lead to effective peptide-based inhibitors. Our results reveal, for this class of molecules, a balance between the reduced amyloidogenicity of the inhibitory sequence on one hand and its ability to recognize hIAPP on the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Zachary Ridgway
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Ping Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States.,Structural Biology Program, Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine , New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Bela Ruzsicska
- Institute for Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Daniel P Raleigh
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States.,Institute for Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States.,Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Graduate Program in Biophysics, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States.,Research Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London , Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K
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4
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Wang H, Abedini A, Ruzsicska B, Raleigh DP. Rationally designed, nontoxic, nonamyloidogenic analogues of human islet amyloid polypeptide with improved solubility. Biochemistry 2014; 53:5876-84. [PMID: 25140605 PMCID: PMC4172205 DOI: 10.1021/bi500592p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
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Human
islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP or amylin) is a polypeptide
hormone produced in the pancreatic β-cells that plays a role
in glycemic control. hIAPP is deficient in type 1 and type 2 diabetes
and is a promising adjunct to insulin therapy. However, hIAPP rapidly
forms amyloid, and its strong tendency to aggregate limits its usefulness.
The process of hIAPP amyloid formation is toxic to cultured β-cells
and islets, and islet amyloid formation in vivo has
been linked to β-cell death and islet graft failure. An analogue
of hIAPP with a weakened tendency to aggregate, denoted pramlintide
(PM), has been approved for clinical applications, but suffers from
poor solubility, particularly at physiological pH, and its unfavorable
solubility profile prevents coformulation with insulin. We describe
a strategy for rationally designing analogues
of hIAPP with improved properties; key proline mutations are combined
with substitutions that increase the net charge of the molecule. An
H18R/G24P/I26P triple mutant and an H18R/A25P/S28P/S29P quadruple
mutant are significantly more soluble at neutral pH than hIAPP or
PM. They are nonamyloidogenic and are not toxic to rat INS β-cells.
The approach is not limited
to these examples; additional analogues can be designed using this
strategy. To illustrate this point, we show that an S20R/G24P/I26P
triple mutant and an H18R/I26P double mutant are nonamyloidogenic
and significantly more soluble than human IAPP or PM. These analogues
and second-generation derivatives are potential candidates for the
coformulation
of IAPP with insulin and other polypeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook , Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
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5
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Kumar K, Awasthi D, Lee SY, Zanardi I, Ruzsicska B, Knudson S, Tonge PJ, Slayden RA, Ojima I. Novel trisubstituted benzimidazoles, targeting Mtb FtsZ, as a new class of antitubercular agents. J Med Chem 2010; 54:374-81. [PMID: 21126020 DOI: 10.1021/jm1012006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Libraries of novel trisubstituted benzimidazoles were created through rational drug design. A good number of these benzimidazoles exhibited promising MIC values in the range of 0.5-6 μg/mL (2-15 μM) for their antibacterial activity against Mtb H37Rv strain. Moreover, five of the lead compounds also exhibited excellent activity against clinical Mtb strains with different drug-resistance profiles. All lead compounds did not show appreciable cytotoxicity (IC(50) > 200 μM) against Vero cells, which inhibited Mtb FtsZ assembly in a dose dependent manner. The two lead compounds unexpectedly showed enhancement of the GTPase activity of Mtb FtsZ. The result strongly suggests that the increased GTPase activity destabilizes FtsZ assembly, leading to efficient inhibition of FtsZ polymerization and filament formation. The TEM and SEM analyses of Mtb FtsZ and Mtb cells, respectively, treated with a lead compound strongly suggest that lead benzimidazoles have a novel mechanism of action on the inhibition of Mtb FtsZ assembly and Z-ring formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
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6
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Machutta CA, Bommineni GR, Luckner SR, Kapilashrami K, Ruzsicska B, Simmerling C, Kisker C, Tonge PJ. Slow onset inhibition of bacterial beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthases by thiolactomycin. J Biol Chem 2009; 285:6161-9. [PMID: 20018879 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.077909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiolactomycin (TLM), a natural product thiolactone antibiotic produced by species of Nocardia and Streptomyces, is an inhibitor of the beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase (KAS) enzymes in the bacterial fatty acid synthase pathway. Using enzyme kinetics and direct binding studies, TLM has been shown to bind preferentially to the acyl-enzyme intermediates of the KASI and KASII enzymes from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Escherichia coli. These studies, which utilized acyl-enzyme mimics in which the active site cysteine was replaced by a glutamine, also revealed that TLM is a slow onset inhibitor of the KASI enzymes KasA and ecFabB but not of the KASII enzymes KasB and ecFabF. The differential affinity of TLM for the acyl-KAS enzymes is proposed to result from structural change involving the movement of helices alpha5 and alpha6 that prepare the enzyme to bind malonyl-AcpM or TLM and that is initiated by formation of hydrogen bonds between the acyl-enzyme thioester and the oxyanion hole. The finding that TLM is a slow onset inhibitor of ecFabB supports the proposal that the long residence time of TLM on the ecFabB homologues in Serratia marcescens and Klebsiella pneumonia is an important factor for the in vivo antibacterial activity of TLM against these two organisms despite the fact that the in vitro MIC values are only 100-200 microg/ml. The mechanistic data on the interaction of TLM with KasA will provide an important foundation for the rational development of high affinity KasA inhibitors based on the thiolactone skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl A Machutta
- Institute for Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
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7
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Al-Abed Y, Dubrovsky L, Ruzsicska B, Seepersaud M, Bukrinsky M. Inhibition of HIV-1 nuclear import via schiff base formation with arylene bis(methylketone) compounds. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2002; 12:3117-9. [PMID: 12372514 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)00642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Arylene bis(methylketone) compounds specifically block nuclear translocation of the HIV-1 pre-integration complex by forming Schiff-base adducts with contiguous lysines within nuclear localization signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Al-Abed
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, North Shore-LIJ Research Institute, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
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8
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Lubetsky JB, Dios A, Han J, Aljabari B, Ruzsicska B, Mitchell R, Lolis E, Al-Abed Y. The tautomerase active site of macrophage migration inhibitory factor is a potential target for discovery of novel anti-inflammatory agents. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:24976-82. [PMID: 11997397 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m203220200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an immunoregulatory protein that is a potential therapeutic target for a number of inflammatory diseases. Evidence exists that an unexpected catalytic active site of MIF may have a biological function. To gain further insight into the role of the catalytic active site, a series of mutational, structural, and biological activity studies were performed. The insertion of an alanine between Pro-1 and Met-2 (PAM) abolishes a non-physiological catalytic activity, and this mutant is defective in the in vitro glucocorticoid counter-regulatory activity of MIF. The crystal structure of MIF complexed to (S,R)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxazole acetic acid methyl ester (ISO-1), an inhibitor of MIF d-dopachrome tautomerase activity, reveals that ISO-1 binds to the same position of the active site as p-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid, a substrate of MIF. ISO-1 inhibits several MIF biological activities, further establishing a role for the catalytic active site of MIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi B Lubetsky
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
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9
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10
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James F, Ruzsicska B, McDaniel R, Dickson R, Strausz O, Bell T. Rate constants for the reaction of the bromomethyne radical with alkynes. Chem Phys Lett 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(77)80061-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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