151
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Airik M, Phua YL, Huynh AB, McCourt BT, Rush BM, Tan RJ, Vockley J, Murray SL, Dorman A, Conlon PJ, Airik R. Persistent DNA damage underlies tubular cell polyploidization and progression to chronic kidney disease in kidneys deficient in the DNA repair protein FAN1. Kidney Int 2022; 102:1042-1056. [PMID: 35931300 PMCID: PMC9588672 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Defective DNA repair pathways contribute to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in humans. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying DNA damage-induced CKD pathogenesis are not well understood. Here, we investigated the role of tubular cell DNA damage in the pathogenesis of CKD using mice in which the DNA repair protein Fan1 was knocked out. The phenotype of these mice is orthologous to the human DNA damage syndrome, karyomegalic interstitial nephritis (KIN). Inactivation of Fan1 in kidney proximal tubule cells sensitized the kidneys to genotoxic and obstructive injury characterized by replication stress and persistent DNA damage response activity. Accumulation of DNA damage in Fan1 tubular cells induced epithelial dedifferentiation and tubular injury. Characteristic to KIN, cells with chronic DNA damage failed to complete mitosis and underwent polyploidization. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that polyploidization was caused by the overexpression of DNA replication factors CDT1 and CDC6 in FAN1 deficient cells. Mechanistically, inhibiting DNA replication with Roscovitine reduced tubular injury, blocked the development of KIN and mitigated kidney function in these Fan1 knockout mice. Thus, our data delineate a mechanistic pathway by which persistent DNA damage in the kidney tubular cells leads to kidney injury and development of CKD. Furthermore, therapeutic modulation of cell cycle activity may provide an opportunity to mitigate the DNA damage response induced CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Airik
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yu Leng Phua
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amy B Huynh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Blake T McCourt
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brittney M Rush
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Roderick J Tan
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jerry Vockley
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Susan L Murray
- Department of Nephrology, Beaumont Hospital and Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anthony Dorman
- Department of Nephrology, Beaumont Hospital and Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter J Conlon
- Department of Nephrology, Beaumont Hospital and Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rannar Airik
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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152
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Wan J, Liu D, Pan S, Zhou S, Liu Z. NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in diabetic nephropathy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:998574. [PMID: 36304156 PMCID: PMC9593054 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.998574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the main cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which is characterized by a series of abnormal changes such as glomerulosclerosis, podocyte loss, renal tubular atrophy and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix. Simultaneously, the occurrence of inflammatory reaction can promote the aggravation of DN-induced kidney injury. The most important processes in the canonical inflammasome pathway are inflammasome activation and membrane pore formation mediated by gasdermin family. Converging studies shows that pyroptosis can occur in renal intrinsic cells and participate in the development of DN, and its activation mechanism involves a variety of signaling pathways. Meanwhile, the activation of the NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome can not only lead to the occurrence of inflammatory response, but also induce pyroptosis. In addition, a number of drugs targeting pyroptosis-associated proteins have been shown to have potential for treating DN. Consequently, the pathogenesis of pyroptosis and several possible activation pathways of NLRP3 inflammasome were reviewed, and the potential drugs used to treat pyroptosis in DN were summarized in this review. Although relevant studies are still not thorough and comprehensive, these findings still have certain reference value for the understanding, treatment and prognosis of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Wan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongwei Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaokang Pan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sijie Zhou
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Sijie Zhou, ; Zhangsuo Liu,
| | - Zhangsuo Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Research Center for Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Sijie Zhou, ; Zhangsuo Liu,
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153
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Cui C, Zang N, Song J, Guo X, He Q, Hu H, Yang M, Wang Y, Yang J, Zou Y, Gao J, Wang L, Wang C, Liu F, He F, Hou X, Chen L. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells attenuate diabetic kidney disease by inhibiting cell apoptosis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via miR-424-5p. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22517. [PMID: 36036527 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200488r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is well-acknowledged as one of the most common complications in diabetes mellitus. Recent studies have demonstrated the promising role of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-exos) as a cell-free treatment strategy for DKD. The present study sought to investigate the therapeutic potential and the underlying mechanisms of MSC-exos in DKD. The authentication of MSC-exos was validated by western blot, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and nanosight tracking analysis (NTA). Apoptosis was detected by western blot, TUNEL staining, and flow cytometry. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was evaluated by western blot and immunofluorescence. The relationship between miR-424-5p and Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) was revealed by dual luciferase reporter assay. We observed that MSC-exos could attenuate DKD by decreasing cell apoptosis and inhibiting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in diabetic kidneys in db/db mice. Besides, we documented that MSC-exos could reverse high glucose-induced apoptosis and EMT in HK2 cells. Interestingly, miR-424-5p derived from MSC-exos could inhibit YAP1 activation in HK2 cells, resulting in alleviation of high glucose-induced cell apoptosis and EMT. Our study provides novel insights into MSC-exos-mediated protective effect in DKD. MSC-exos could inhibit high glucose-induced apoptosis and EMT through miR-424-5p targeting of YAP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Cui
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Nan Zang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinghong Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qin He
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Huiqing Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanqi Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lingshu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, China.,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, China.,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China
| | - Fuqiang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, China.,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China
| | - Falian He
- Nuolai Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Taian, China
| | - Xinguo Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, China.,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, China.,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, China.,Nuolai Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Taian, China
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154
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Lee JH, Massagué J. TGF-β in Developmental and Fibrogenic EMTs. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:136-145. [PMID: 36183999 PMCID: PMC10155902 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
TGF-β plays a prominent role as an inducer of epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs) during development and wound healing and in disease conditions such as fibrosis and cancer. During these processes EMT occurs together with changes in cell proliferation, differentiation, communication, and extracellular matrix remodeling that are orchestrated by multiple signaling inputs besides TGF-β. Chief among these inputs is RAS-MAPK signaling, which is frequently required for EMT induction by TGF-β. Recent work elucidated the molecular basis for the cooperation between the TGF-β-SMAD and RAS-MAPK pathways in the induction of EMT in embryonic, adult and carcinoma epithelial cells. These studies also provided direct mechanistic links between EMT and progenitor cell differentiation during gastrulation or intra-tumoral fibrosis during cancer metastasis. These insights illuminate the nature of TGF-β driven EMTs as part of broader processes during development, fibrogenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ho Lee
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Joan Massagué
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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155
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Shao Y, Zhang W, Du D, Yu Y, Li Q, Peng X. Ubiquitin-like protein FAT10 promotes renal fibrosis by stabilizing USP7 to prolong CHK1-mediated G2/M arrest in renal tubular epithelial cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:7527-7546. [PMID: 36152057 PMCID: PMC9550257 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the pathological hallmark of chronic kidney disease that is influenced by numerous factors. Arrest of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) in G2/M phase is closely correlated with the progression of renal fibrosis; however, the mechanisms mediating these responses remain poorly defined. In this study, we observed that human leukocyte antigen-F adjacent transcript 10 (FAT10) deficiency abolished hypoxia-induced upregulation of checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) expression in RTECs derived from FAT10+/+ and FAT10−/− mice. Further investigations revealed that FAT10 contributes to CHK1-mediated G2/M arrest and production of pro-fibrotic cytokines in RTECs exposed to hypoxia. Mechanistically, FAT10 directly interacted with and stabilized the deubiquitylating enzyme ubiquitin specific protease 7 (USP7) to mediate CHK1 upregulation, thereby promoting CHK1-mediated G2/M arrest in RTECs. In animal model, FAT10 expression was upregulated in the obstructed kidneys of mice induced by unilateral ureteric obstruction injury, and FAT10−/− mice exhibited reduced unilateral ureteric obstruction injury induced-renal fibrosis compared with FAT10+/+ mice. Furthermore, in a cohort of patients with calculi-related chronic kidney disease, upregulated FAT10 expression was positively correlated with renal fibrosis and the USP7/CHK1 axis. These novel findings indicate that FAT10 prolongs CHK1-mediated G2/M arrest via USP7 to promote renal fibrosis, and inhibition of the FAT10/USP7/CHK1 axis might be a plausible therapeutic approach to alleviate renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shao
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Dongnian Du
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiaogang Peng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
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156
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de Luna LAV, Loret T, Fordham A, Arshad A, Drummond M, Dodd A, Lozano N, Kostarelos K, Bussy C. Lung recovery from DNA damage induced by graphene oxide is dependent on size, dose and inflammation profile. Part Fibre Toxicol 2022; 19:62. [PMID: 36131347 PMCID: PMC9490925 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00502-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A key aspect of any new material safety assessment is the evaluation of their in vivo genotoxicity. Graphene oxide (GO) has been studied for many promising applications, but there are remaining concerns about its safety profile, especially after inhalation. Herein we tested whether GO lateral dimension, comparing micrometric (LGO) and nanometric (USGO) GO sheets, has a role in the formation of DNA double strand breaks in mouse lungs. We used spatial resolution and differential cell type analysis to measure DNA damages in both epithelial and immune cells, after either single or repeated exposure. RESULTS GO induced DNA damages were size and dose dependent, in both exposure scenario. After single exposure to a high dose, both USGO and LGO induced significant DNA damage in the lung parenchyma, but only during the acute phase response (p < 0.05 for USGO; p < 0.01 for LGO). This was followed by a fast lung recovery at day 7 and 28 for both GOs. When evaluating the chronic impact of GO after repeated exposure, only a high dose of LGO induced long-term DNA damages in lung alveolar epithelia (at 84 days, p < 0.05). Regardless of size, low dose GO did not induce any significant DNA damage after repeated exposure. A multiparametric correlation analysis of our repeated exposure data revealed that transient or persistent inflammation and oxidative stress were associated to either recovery or persistent DNA damages. For USGO, recovery from DNA damage was correlated to efficient recovery from acute inflammation (i.e., significant secretion of SAA3, p < 0.001; infiltration of neutrophils, p < 0.01). In contrast, the persistence of LGO in lungs was associated to a long-lasting presence of multinucleated macrophages (up to 84 days, p < 0.05), an underlying inflammation (IL-1α secretion up to 28 days, p < 0.05) and the presence of persistent DNA damages at 84 days. CONCLUSIONS Overall these results highlight the importance of the exposure scenario used. We showed that LGO was more genotoxic after repeated exposure than single exposure due to persistent lung inflammation. These findings are important in the context of human health risk assessment and toward establishing recommendations for a safe use of graphene based materials in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Augusto Visani de Luna
- Nanomedicine Lab 2.0, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.,National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.,Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Thomas Loret
- Nanomedicine Lab 2.0, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.,National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.,Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Alexander Fordham
- Nanomedicine Lab 2.0, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.,National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.,Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Atta Arshad
- Nanomedicine Lab 2.0, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.,National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.,Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Matthew Drummond
- Nanomedicine Lab 2.0, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.,National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Abbie Dodd
- Nanomedicine Lab 2.0, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.,National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Neus Lozano
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Lab 2.0, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.,National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.,Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cyrill Bussy
- Nanomedicine Lab 2.0, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK. .,National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK. .,Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
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157
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Luo Y, Deng D, Lin L, Zhou Y, Wang L, Zou X, Wang X. FGF2 isoforms play distinct roles in tubular epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in diabetic nephropathy. Exp Cell Res 2022; 420:113355. [PMID: 36115414 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The role of different isoforms of Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) in tubular epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in diabetic nephropathy remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the role of FGF2 isoforms in the pathogenesis of EMT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to assess the expression of FGF2 isoforms in db/db mice and high glucose-stimulated HK2 cells. The effects of specific FGF2 isoforms on EMT were explored via overexpression or knockdown of the corresponding isoform in HK2 cells cultivated in high glucose. RESULTS Expression of low molecular weight (LMW) FGF2 was up-regulated while high molecular weight (HMW) FGF2 was down-regulated in the kidney of db/db mice and HK2 cells cultured in high glucose that underwent EMT. Overexpression of the LMW FGF2 enhanced EMT changes, while overexpression of the HMW FGF2 attenuated EMT. Knockdown of HMW FGF2 in HK2 cells promoted the EMT process. CONCLUSIONS The expression and function of LMW and HMW FGF2 differed in the process of EMT in tubular cells. LMW FGF2 contributed to EMT, while HMW FGF2 played a protective role in the EMT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Luo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Danfang Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, China; Department of Nephrology, Hubei Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Theory and Application Research of Liver and Kidney in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lamei Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, China; Department of Nephrology, Hubei Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Theory and Application Research of Liver and Kidney in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yikun Zhou
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, China; Department of Nephrology, Hubei Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Theory and Application Research of Liver and Kidney in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xinrong Zou
- Department of Nephrology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, China; Department of Nephrology, Hubei Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Theory and Application Research of Liver and Kidney in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, China; Department of Nephrology, Hubei Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Wuhan, 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Theory and Application Research of Liver and Kidney in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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158
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Xing J. Reconstructing data-driven governing equations for cell phenotypic transitions: integration of data science and systems biology. Phys Biol 2022; 19:10.1088/1478-3975/ac8c16. [PMID: 35998617 PMCID: PMC9585661 DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/ac8c16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cells with the same genome can exist in different phenotypes and can change between distinct phenotypes when subject to specific stimuli and microenvironments. Some examples include cell differentiation during development, reprogramming for induced pluripotent stem cells and transdifferentiation, cancer metastasis and fibrosis progression. The regulation and dynamics of cell phenotypic conversion is a fundamental problem in biology, and has a long history of being studied within the formalism of dynamical systems. A main challenge for mechanism-driven modeling studies is acquiring sufficient amount of quantitative information for constraining model parameters. Advances in quantitative experimental approaches, especially high throughput single-cell techniques, have accelerated the emergence of a new direction for reconstructing the governing dynamical equations of a cellular system from quantitative single-cell data, beyond the dominant statistical approaches. Here I review a selected number of recent studies using live- and fixed-cell data and provide my perspective on future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Xing
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
- UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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159
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Xing J. Reconstructing data-driven governing equations for cell phenotypic transitions: integration of data science and systems biology. Phys Biol 2022. [PMID: 35998617 DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2203.14964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cells with the same genome can exist in different phenotypes and can change between distinct phenotypes when subject to specific stimuli and microenvironments. Some examples include cell differentiation during development, reprogramming for induced pluripotent stem cells and transdifferentiation, cancer metastasis and fibrosis progression. The regulation and dynamics of cell phenotypic conversion is a fundamental problem in biology, and has a long history of being studied within the formalism of dynamical systems. A main challenge for mechanism-driven modeling studies is acquiring sufficient amount of quantitative information for constraining model parameters. Advances in quantitative experimental approaches, especially high throughput single-cell techniques, have accelerated the emergence of a new direction for reconstructing the governing dynamical equations of a cellular system from quantitative single-cell data, beyond the dominant statistical approaches. Here I review a selected number of recent studies using live- and fixed-cell data and provide my perspective on future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Xing
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, United States of America.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, United States of America.,UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
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160
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Li Y, Zhang L, Xiong W, Gao X, Xiong Y, Sun W. A Molecular Mechanism Study to Reveal Hirudin's Downregulation to PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway through Decreasing PDGFR β in Renal Fibrosis Treatment. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5481552. [PMID: 36119923 PMCID: PMC9473867 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5481552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is identified as a widespread chronic progressive disease jeopardizing public health which characterized by gradually loss of renal function. However, there is no efficient therapy to prevail over this disease. Our study was attempting to reveal hirudin's regulation to renal fibrosis as well as the molecular mechanism. We built renal fibrosis models on both cell and animal levels, which were subsequently given with hirudin disposal; then, we performed the transwell assay to estimate the cells' migration and had our detection to relevant proteins with western blot and immunofluorescence. Finally, we commenced both the identification and the determination to the hirudin targeted proteins and its downstream signaling pathways with the methods of network pharmacology. And the results turned out that when it was compared with the model group, the group with hirudin addition came with the suppression in the migration of renal tubular epithelial cells NRK-52E and with a conspicuous decline in the expressions of fibronectin, N-cadherin, vimentin, TGF-β, and snail. After that, we predicted that there were 17 hirudin target points mainly involving in the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Our outcomes of the animal level demonstrated that the conditions of interstitial fibrosis, severe tubular dilatation or atrophy, inflammatory cell infiltration, and massive accumulation of interstitial collagen in the model group were withdrawn after the addition of hirudin. In addition, p-PDGFRβ, p-PI3K, and p-AKT protein expressions were significantly reduced, and the PI3K/AKT pathway was downregulated after hirudin treatment in the model group of NRK-52E cells and animals. Therefore, we had our conclusion that hirudin is capable of suppressing the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway as well as the EMT by decreasing PDGFRβ phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, China
| | - Weijian Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, China
| | - Xuan Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, China
| | - Yanying Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine (Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine), 210029, China
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161
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Miyano T, Suzuki A, Sakamoto N. Calcium influx through TRPV4 channels involve in hyperosmotic stress-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tubular epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 617:48-54. [PMID: 35689842 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological process that occurs in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases in which injured tubular epithelial cells transform into myofibroblasts. We previously showed that mannitol-mediated hyperosmotic stress induces EMT of tubular epithelial cells. Although Ca2+ signaling is essential for the induction of EMT in tubular epithelial cells, the role of specific calcium channels is unknown. In this study, we assessed the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4)-mediated Ca2+ influx in the hyperosmolarity-induced EMT. The Fluo-4 assay was used to examine the effect of hyperosmotic stress on the intracellular Ca2+ level of normal rat kidney (NRK)-52E cells. Expression of a mesenchymal marker α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and an epithelial marker E-cadherin was also observed by fluorescence microscopy. The hyperosmotic stress caused a transient increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration as well as a decrease in E-cadherin and an increase in α-SMA expressions in tubular epithelial cells, indicating the induction of EMT. A TRPV4 channel antagonist inhibited hyperosmotic stress-induced Ca2+ influx and the EMT, whereas, a TRPV4 channel agonist increased Ca2+ influx and EMT induction in tubular epithelial cells without the hyperosmotic stress. These findings suggest that Ca2+ influx through TRPV4 channels contributes to the hyperosmotic stress-induced EMT of tubular epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Miyano
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Systems Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Suzuki
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Systems Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Systems Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan.
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162
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Otsuki T, Fukuda N, Chen L, Tsunemi A, Abe M. Twist-related protein 1 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition and renal fibrosis through the upregulation of complement 3. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272917. [PMID: 36018840 PMCID: PMC9417022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We have demonstrated that complement 3 (C3) is upregulated and induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenomenon and renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) kidney. We investigated roles of twist-related protein 1 (TWIST1) in EMT phenomenon and renal fibrosis through C3 upregulation in a mouse UUO model with gene silencer pyrrole-imidazole (PI) polyamides targeting TWIST1. We designed and synthesized PI polyamides targeting TWIST1 binding site on mouse pre-pro C3 promoter. Increased expression C3 mRNA with interferon-γ was significantly inhibited with PI polyamide in nephrotubular epithelial cells. Immunofluorescence showed suppression of E-cadherin and enhancement of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) stainings as EMT phenomena in UUO kidney. TWIST1 and C3 expression was significantly increased in UUO kidney versus contralateral unobstructed kidney (CUK). Expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), α-SMA and renin mRNAs was increased in UUO kidney versus CUK. Systemic administration of TWIST1 PI polyamide significantly suppressed increased C3 expression in UUO kidney versus CUK. PI polyamide administration also suppressed the increased expression of TGF-β1, α-SMA and renin mRNAs and histologically improved renal fibrosis in UUO kidney. These findings indicate that TWIST1 induces EMT phenomenon and renal fibrosis by TGF-β1 upregulation of C3 in mouse UUO model and that TWIST1 PI polyamide may be a novel medicine for renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyasu Otsuki
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noboru Fukuda
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Department of Functional Morphology, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (NF); (MA)
| | - Lan Chen
- Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Department of Functional Morphology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Tsunemi
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Abe
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (NF); (MA)
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163
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Aouad P, Zhang Y, De Martino F, Stibolt C, Ali S, Ambrosini G, Mani SA, Maggs K, Quinn HM, Sflomos G, Brisken C. Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity determines estrogen receptor positive breast cancer dormancy and epithelial reconversion drives recurrence. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4975. [PMID: 36008376 PMCID: PMC9411634 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32523-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 70% of human breast cancers (BCs) are estrogen receptor α-positive (ER+). A clinical challenge of ER+ BC is that they can recur decades after initial treatments. Mechanisms governing latent disease remain elusive due to lack of adequate in vivo models. We compare intraductal xenografts of ER+ and triple-negative (TN) BC cells and demonstrate that disseminated TNBC cells proliferate similarly as TNBC cells at the primary site whereas disseminated ER+ BC cells proliferate slower, they decrease CDH1 and increase ZEB1,2 expressions, and exhibit characteristics of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) and dormancy. Forced E-cadherin expression overcomes ER+ BC dormancy. Cytokine signalings are enriched in more active versus inactive disseminated tumour cells, suggesting microenvironmental triggers for awakening. We conclude that intraductal xenografts model ER + BC dormancy and reveal that EMP is essential for the generation of a dormant cell state and that targeting exit from EMP has therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Aouad
- ISREC - Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yueyun Zhang
- ISREC - Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabio De Martino
- ISREC - Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Céline Stibolt
- ISREC - Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Simak Ali
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanna Ambrosini
- ISREC - Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sendurai A Mani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kelly Maggs
- Laboratory for Topology and Neuroscience, Brain Mind Institute, EPFL, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hazel M Quinn
- ISREC - Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - George Sflomos
- ISREC - Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cathrin Brisken
- ISREC - Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
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164
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Feng W, Xie H, Li J, Yan X, Zhu S, Sun S. miR-29c Inhibits Renal Interstitial Fibrotic Proliferative Properties through PI3K-AKT Pathway. Appl Bionics Biomech 2022; 2022:6382323. [PMID: 36051820 PMCID: PMC9427319 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6382323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis, in particular tubulointerstitial fibrosis, which is characterized by an increased extracellular matrix (ECM) formation and development in the interstitium, is the common end pathway for nearly all progressive kidney disorders. One of the sources for this matrix is the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) from the tabular epithelium. The driving force behind it is some profibrotic growth factors such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) which is responsible for the formation of collagen in renal fibrosis. miR-29c, which is an antifibrotic microRNA, downregulates renal interstitial fibrosis by downregulating the TGF-β and collagen. However, it is not known whether miR-29c mediates the TGF-β1-driven PI3K-Akt pathway and Col-1 triggering within NRK-52E cultures. The main objective of this investigation was to examine the influence of miR-29c on the downregulation of the TGF-β1-driven PI3K-Akt pathway and Col-1 triggering in NRK-52E cultures. This study revealed that miR-29c inhibited TGF-β1 expression in NRK-52E cell cultures. Overexpression of miR-29c significantly inhibits NRK-52E culture proliferation mediated by TGF-β1. miR-29c inhibited the expression of Col-1 and decreased PI3K/Akt phosphorylation. These findings revealed a novel mechanism by which miR29c inhibits the proliferation of renal interstitial fibrotic cultures by downregulating the PI3k-Akt pathway, which is controlled by TGF-β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Feng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huijun Xie
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiong Li
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianxin Yan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiping Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengyun Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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165
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Rinaldi A, Lazareth H, Poindessous V, Nemazanyy I, Sampaio JL, Malpetti D, Bignon Y, Naesens M, Rabant M, Anglicheau D, Cippà PE, Pallet N. Impaired fatty acid metabolism perpetuates lipotoxicity along the transition to chronic kidney injury. JCI Insight 2022; 7:161783. [PMID: 35998043 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.161783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy metabolism failure in proximal tubule cells (PTC) is a hallmark of chronic kidney injury. We combined transcriptomic, metabolomic and lipidomic approaches in experimental models and patient cohorts to investigate the molecular bases of the progression to chronic kidney allograft injury initiated by ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). The urinary metabolome of kidney transplant recipients with chronic allograft injury and who experienced severe IRI was significantly enriched with long chain fatty acids (FA). We identified a renal FA-related gene signature with low levels of Cpt2 and Acsm5 and high levels of Acsl4 and Acsm5 associated with IRI, transition to chronic injury, and established CKD in mouse models and kidney transplant recipients. The findings were consistent with the presence of Cpt2-, Acsl4+, Acsl5+, Acsm5- PTC failing to recover from IRI as identified by snRNAseq. In vitro experiments indicated that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to CPT2 repression, which, in turn, promotes lipids accumulation, drives profibrogenic epithelial phenotypic changes, and activates the unfolded protein response. ER stress through CPT2 inhibition and lipid accumulation, engages an auto-amplification loop leading to lipotoxicity and self-sustained cellular stress. Thus, IRI imprints a persistent FA metabolism disturbance in the proximal tubule sustaining the progression to chronic kidney allograft injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rinaldi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Hélène Lazareth
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Paris, France
| | | | - Ivan Nemazanyy
- PMM: The Metabolism-Metabolome Platform, Necker Federative Research Structu, INSERM US24/CNRS, UMS3633, Paris, France
| | - Julio L Sampaio
- CurieCoreTech Metabolomics and Lipidomics Technology Platform, Paris, France
| | - Daniele Malpetti
- Instituto Dalle Molle di Studi sull'Intelligenza Artificiale, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Yohan Bignon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maarten Naesens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marion Rabant
- Department of Pathology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Dany Anglicheau
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Pietro E Cippà
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Pallet
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Paris, France
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166
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Widjaja AA, Viswanathan S, Wei Ting JG, Tan J, Shekeran SG, Carling D, Lim WW, Cook SA. IL11 stimulates ERK/P90RSK to inhibit LKB1/AMPK and activate mTOR initiating a mesenchymal program in stromal, epithelial, and cancer cells. iScience 2022; 25:104806. [PMID: 35992082 PMCID: PMC9386112 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
IL11 initiates fibroblast activation but also causes epithelial cell dysfunction. The mechanisms underlying these processes are not known. We report that IL11-stimulated ERK/P90RSK activity causes the phosphorylation of LKB1 at S325 and S428, leading to its inactivation. This inhibits AMPK and activates mTOR across cell types. In stromal cells, IL11-stimulated ERK activity inhibits LKB1/AMPK which is associated with mTOR activation, ⍺SMA expression, and myofibroblast transformation. In hepatocytes and epithelial cells, IL11/ERK activity inhibits LKB1/AMPK leading to mTOR activation, SNAI1 expression, and cell dysfunction. Across cells, IL11-induced phenotypes were inhibited by metformin stimulated AMPK activation. In mice, genetic or pharmacologic manipulation of IL11 activity revealed a critical role of IL11/ERK signaling for LKB1/AMPK inhibition and mTOR activation in fatty liver disease. These data identify the IL11/mTOR axis as a signaling commonality in stromal, epithelial, and cancer cells and reveal a shared IL11-driven mesenchymal program across cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anissa A Widjaja
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Sivakumar Viswanathan
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Joyce Goh Wei Ting
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Jessie Tan
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore
| | - Shamini G Shekeran
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - David Carling
- MRC-London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Wei-Wen Lim
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore.,National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore
| | - Stuart A Cook
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore.,National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore.,MRC-London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
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167
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Macrophage polarization is involved in liver fibrosis induced by β 1-adrenoceptor autoantibody. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:1100-1112. [PMID: 35983976 PMCID: PMC9828683 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that liver injury can be induced by the over-expression of β 1-adrenergic receptors (β 1-ARs). High titers of autoantibodies specific to β 1-adrenergic receptors (β 1-AA) are detected in the sera of heart failure patients, potentially playing agonist-like roles. However, the role of β 1-AA in liver function has not been characterized. In this study, we collect the sera of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) patients, a condition which easily develops into liver fibrosis, and analyze the relationship between PBC and β 1-AA. A passive immunization model is established to assess the effect of β 1-AA on the liver. Subsequently, the effect of β 1-AA on macrophages is investigated in vitro. Results show that PBC patients have a high titer and ratio of β 1-AA, compared to controls. Liver injury and fibrosis are induced by β 1-AA. In vitro experiments with ROS probe demonstrate that β 1-AA induces macrophages to produce ROS and secrete TNFα. These effects can be partially reversed by metoprolol, a blocker for β 1-AR. Results from the transwell and phagocytosis assays show that β 1-AA promotes macrophage migration and phagocytosis. FCM tests suggest that β 1-AA induces the alteration of M1 rather than M2 markers in macrophages. Finally, the Annexin V/PI assay indicates that macrophage culture supernatants stimulated by β 1-AA cause hepatocyte apoptosis. Overall, these results suggest that β 1-AA is involved in PBC. The β 1-AA-induced activation, phagocytosis and phenotypic modification of macrophages may play an important role in the development of hepatic fibrosis and injury.
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168
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Nicotinamide mononucleotide ameliorates adriamycin-induced renal damage by epigenetically suppressing the NMN/NAD consumers mediated by Twist2. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13712. [PMID: 35962139 PMCID: PMC9374671 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18147-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase, Sirt1, after the administration of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) suppresses many diseases. However, the role of NMN and Sirt1 in focal glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) has not yet been elucidated. This study aimed to assess the protective effect of NMN treatment in mice with adriamycin (ADR)-induced FSGS. Transient short-term NMN treatment was administered to 8-week-old ADR- or saline-treated BALB/c mice (Cont group) for 14 consecutive days. NMN alleviated the increase in urinary albumin excretion in the ADR-treated mice. NMN treatment mitigated glomerulosclerosis and ameliorated the reduced Sirt1 expression and elevated Claudin-1 expression in the kidneys of the mice. Moreover, this treatment improved the decrease in histone methylation and the expression level of Dnmt1 and increased the concentration of NAD+ in the kidney. Dnmt1 epigenetically suppressed the expression of the NMN-consuming enzyme nicotinamide mononucleotide adenyltransferase1 (Nmnat1) by methylating the E-box in the promoter region and repressing the NAD-consuming enzyme PARP1. Additionally, NMN downregulated the expression of Nmnat1 in the ADR-treated mice. Short-term NMN treatment in FSGS has epigenetic renal protective effects through the upregulation of Sirt1 and suppression of the NAD and NMN consumers. The present study presents a novel treatment paradigm for FSGS.
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169
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Overstreet JM, Gifford CC, Tang J, Higgins PJ, Samarakoon R. Emerging role of tumor suppressor p53 in acute and chronic kidney diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:474. [PMID: 35941392 PMCID: PMC11072039 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04505-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
p53 is a major regulator of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and senescence. While involvement of p53 in tumorigenesis is well established, recent studies implicate p53 in the initiation and progression of several renal diseases, which is the focus of this review. Ischemic-, aristolochic acid (AA) -, diabetic-, HIV-associated-, obstructive- and podocyte-induced nephropathies are accompanied by activation and/or elevated expression of p53. Studies utilizing chemical or renal-specific inhibition of p53 in mice confirm the pathogenic role of this transcription factor in acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. TGF-β1, NOX, ATM/ATR kinases, Cyclin G, HIPK, MDM2 and certain micro-RNAs are important determinants of renal p53 function in response to trauma. AA, cisplatin or TGF-β1-mediated ROS generation via NOXs promotes p53 phosphorylation and subsequent tubular dysfunction. p53-SMAD3 transcriptional cooperation downstream of TGF-β1 orchestrates induction of fibrotic factors, extracellular matrix accumulation and pathogenic renal cell communication. TGF-β1-induced micro-RNAs (such as mir-192) could facilitate p53 activation, leading to renal hypertrophy and matrix expansion in response to diabetic insults while AA-mediated mir-192 induction regulates p53 dependent epithelial G2/M arrest. The widespread involvement of p53 in tubular maladaptive repair, interstitial fibrosis, and podocyte injury indicate that p53 clinical targeting may hold promise as a novel therapeutic strategy for halting progression of certain acute and chronic renal diseases, which affect hundreds of million people worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cody C Gifford
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Paul J Higgins
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
- Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
| | - Rohan Samarakoon
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
- Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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170
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Jin B, Zhu J, Zhou Y, Liang L, Yang Y, Xu L, Zhang T, Li P, Pan T, Guo B, Chen T, Li H. Loss of MEN1 leads to renal fibrosis and decreases HGF-Adamts5 pathway activity via an epigenetic mechanism. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e982. [PMID: 35968938 PMCID: PMC9377152 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal fibrosis is a serious condition that results in the development of chronic kidney diseases. The MEN1 gene is an epigenetic regulator that encodes the menin protein and its role in kidney tissue remains unclear. METHODS Kidney histology was examined on paraffin sections stained with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Masson's trichrome staining and Sirius red staining were used to analyze renal fibrosis. Gene and protein expression were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blot, respectively. Immunohistochemistry staining in the kidney tissues from mice or patients was used to evaluate protein levels. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle distributions and apoptosis. RNA-sequencing was performed for differential expression genes in the kidney tissues of the Men1f/f and Men1∆/∆ mice. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) was carried out for identification of menin- and H3K4me3-enriched regions within the whole genome in the mouse kidney tissue. ChIP-qPCR assays were performed for occupancy of menin and H3K4me3 at the gene promoter regions. Luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the promoter activity. The exacerbated unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) models in the Men1f/f and Men1∆/∆ mice were used to assess the pharmacological effects of rh-HGF on renal fibrosis. RESULTS The expression of MEN1 is reduce in kidney tissues of fibrotic mouse and human diabetic patients and treatment with fibrotic factor results in the downregulation of MEN1 expression in renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs). Disruption of MEN1 in RTECs leads to high expression of α-SMA and Collagen 1, whereas MEN1 overexpression restrains epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by TGF-β treatment. Conditional knockout of MEN1 resulted in chronic renal fibrosis and UUO-induced tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF), which is associated with an increased induction of EMT, G2/M arrest and JNK signaling. Mechanistically, menin recruits and increases H3K4me3 at the promoter regions of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (Adamts5) genes and enhances their transcriptional activation. In the UUO mice model, exogenous HGF restored the expression of Adamts5 and ameliorated renal fibrosis induced by Men1 deficiency. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that MEN1 is an essential antifibrotic factor in renal fibrogenesis and could be a potential target for antifibrotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangming Jin
- Department of SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- School of Basic Medical SciencesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Transformation Engineering Research Center of Chronic Disease Diagnosis and TreatmentGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic DiseasesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Guizhou Institute of Precision MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Jiamei Zhu
- School of Basic Medical SciencesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Transformation Engineering Research Center of Chronic Disease Diagnosis and TreatmentGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic DiseasesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Yuxia Zhou
- Department of SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- School of Basic Medical SciencesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Transformation Engineering Research Center of Chronic Disease Diagnosis and TreatmentGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Li Liang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Transformation Engineering Research Center of Chronic Disease Diagnosis and TreatmentGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic DiseasesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Yunqiao Yang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Transformation Engineering Research Center of Chronic Disease Diagnosis and TreatmentGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic DiseasesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Lifen Xu
- Department of SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic DiseasesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Tuo Zhang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Transformation Engineering Research Center of Chronic Disease Diagnosis and TreatmentGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic DiseasesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Po Li
- Department of SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Ting Pan
- School of Basic Medical SciencesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Transformation Engineering Research Center of Chronic Disease Diagnosis and TreatmentGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic DiseasesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Bing Guo
- School of Basic Medical SciencesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic DiseasesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Tengxiang Chen
- Department of SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- School of Basic Medical SciencesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Transformation Engineering Research Center of Chronic Disease Diagnosis and TreatmentGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic DiseasesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Guizhou Institute of Precision MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Haiyang Li
- Department of SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Guizhou Institute of Precision MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
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Zhou L, Tang S, Li F, Wu Y, Li S, Cui L, Luo J, Yang L, Ren Z, Zhang J, Zhou D, Jiang J, Yang X, Zhou X, Wu Y. Ceria nanoparticles prophylactic used for renal ischemia-reperfusion injury treatment by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Biomaterials 2022; 287:121686. [PMID: 35926357 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury (RIRI) is the leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), a common disease with high morbidity and mortality. However, due to the lack of effective diagnostic and therapeutic tools, patients have to resort to conservative treatment. To address this issue, we have developed a novel prophylactic strategy that involves the pre-treatment use of ceria nanoparticles (CNPs) before surgery. Based on our careful study of the three different sizes of CNPs that we synthesized, 46 nm (NP46), 81 nm (NP81), and 118 nm (NP118), we have found that NP118 can be used as effective prophylactic agents against RIRI and subsequent renal fibrosis. In our experiments, the CNPs exhibited excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and effectively protected the kidney against RIRI and renal fibrosis in vivo, as proved by the decreases in renal lesions, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, apoptotic cell, KIM-1 expression, and fibrotic area in CNPs treated samples relative to RIRI group. Mechanistically, not only did the CNPs reduce oxidative stress by regulating the Nrf2 pathway, but they also attenuated RIRI induced inflammatory response by decreasing macrophage infiltration and polarization to M1 phenotype, and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production. In vitro results further confirmed that CNPs pre-treatment not only dramatically decreased intracellular ROS production in renal tubular epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells, but also effectively attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, we found that one fourth of the NP118 persisted for more than 21 days in IR kidneys, and that out of the three sizes of CNPs, NP118 achieved the best results in all our experiments. Our study provides new insights into the usage and majorization of CNPs as a potential therapy to treat or prevent RIRI and renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhou
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shupei Tang
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Fang Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yonghui Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Sirui Li
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Liwei Cui
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, 572000, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command, Urumqi, 830000, China
| | - Lu Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhicheng Ren
- Department of Medical Engineering, The 955th Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Changdu, 854000, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Denglu Zhou
- Institue of Cardiovascular Disease, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Xiaochao Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Xinyuan Zhou
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Yuzhang Wu
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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172
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Ni YH, Deng HF, Zhou L, Huang CS, Wang NN, Yue LX, Li GF, Yu HJ, Zhou W, Gao Y. Ginsenoside Rb1 Ameliorated Bavachin-Induced Renal Fibrosis via Suppressing Bip/eIF2α/CHOP Signaling-Mediated EMT. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:872474. [PMID: 35873571 PMCID: PMC9304982 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.872474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The nephrotoxicity of Fructus Psoraleae, an effective traditional Chinese medicine for vitiligo treatment, has been reported. As one of the main toxic components in Fructus Psoraleae, bavachin (BV) was considered to be related to Fructus Psoraleae-caused adverse outcomes, but the direct evidence and molecular mechanism underlying BV-induced nephrotoxicity are not well elucidated. Therefore, this study was designed to confirm whether BV would cause toxic effects on the kidney and explore the possible mode of action. Our results demonstrated that days’ treatment with 0.5 μM BV indeed caused obvious renal fibrosis in the zebrafish kidney. The obvious E- to N-cadherin switch and the expressions of proteins promoting epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) were observed in BV-treated human renal tubular epithelial and zebrafish kidneys. In addition, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and Bip/eIF2α/CHOP-mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) were caused by BV, both of which could be reversed by ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). Also, blocking ER stress-caused cytoplasmic Ca2+ overload with 4-PBA notably alleviated BV-induced alterations in key molecular events related to EMT and renal fibrosis. Furthermore, of the natural compounds subjected to screening, ginsenoside Rb1 significantly downregulated BV-induced ER stress by inhibiting ROS generation and following the activation of Bip/eIF2α/CHOP signaling in HK2 cells. Subsequently, BV-triggered EMT and renal fibrosis were both ameliorated by ginsenoside Rb1. In summary, our findings suggested that BV-induced ROS promoted the appearance of EMT and renal fibrosis mainly via Bip/eIF2α/CHOP-mediated ER stress. This ER stress-related toxic pathway might be a potential intervention target for BV-caused renal fibrosis, and ginsenoside Rb1 would be a promising drug against BV- or Fructus Psoraleae-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hao Ni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Fang Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong-Shu Huang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ning-Ning Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lan-Xin Yue
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Gao-Fu Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Jing Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Zhou, ; Yue Gao,
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Zhou, ; Yue Gao,
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173
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Chen JH, Wu CH, Jheng JR, Chao CT, Huang JW, Hung KY, Liu SH, Chiang CK. The down-regulation of XBP1, an unfolded protein response effector, promotes acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease transition. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:46. [PMID: 35765067 PMCID: PMC9241279 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00828-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) is closely linked to the pathogenesis of renal injuries. However, the role of XBP1, a crucial regulator of adaptive UPR, remains unclear during the transition from acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods We characterized XBP1 expressions in different mouse models of kidney injuries, including unilateral ischemia–reperfusion injury (UIRI), unilateral ureteral obstruction, and adenine-induced CKD, followed by generating proximal tubular XBP1 conditional knockout (XBP1cKO) mice for examining the influences of XBP1. Human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) were silenced of XBP1 to conduct proteomic analysis and investigate the underlying mechanism. Results We showed a tripartite activation of UPR in injured kidneys. XBP1 expressions were attenuated after AKI and inversely correlated with the severity of post-AKI renal fibrosis. XBP1cKO mice exhibited more severe renal fibrosis in the UIRI model than wide-type littermates. Silencing XBP1 induced HK-2 cell cycle arrest in G2M phase, inhibited cell proliferation, and promoted TGF-β1 secretion. Proteomic analysis identified TNF receptor associated protein 1 (Trap1) as the potential downstream target transcriptionally regulated by XBP1s. Trap1 overexpression can alleviate silencing XBP1 induced profibrotic factor expressions and cell cycle arrest. Conclusion The loss of XBP1 in kidney injury was profibrotic, and the process was mediated by autocrine and paracrine regulations in combination. The present study identified the XBP1-Trap1 axis as an instrumental mechanism responsible for post-AKI fibrosis, which is a novel regulatory pathway. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12929-022-00828-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Huang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1 Jen Ai road section 1, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsien Wu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1 Jen Ai road section 1, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Rong Jheng
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1 Jen Ai road section 1, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ter Chao
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1 Jen Ai road section 1, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jenq-Wen Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yu Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1 Jen Ai road section 1, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kang Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1 Jen Ai road section 1, Taipei, 100, Taiwan. .,Department of Integrated Diagnostics and Therapeutics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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174
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ShenKang Injection Attenuates Renal Fibrosis by Inhibiting EMT and Regulating the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9705948. [PMID: 35800011 PMCID: PMC9256403 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9705948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Shenkang Injection (SKI) is a traditional Chinese medicine injection commonly used in the clinical treatment of chronic kidney disease. Although it has been confirmed that SKI has anti-kidney fibrosis effects, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To investigate the effects of SKI on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and Wnt/β-catenin pathway and explore its potential anti-fibrosis mechanism. A unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model was induced by ligating the left ureter of male SD rats. A total of 24 rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: sham group, model group, SKI group, and benazepril group. The rats in each group were treated for 28 days, and renal function was evaluated by blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Scr). The degree of renal fibrosis was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson staining. Extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting were used to detect the expression of genes and proteins in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Further studies were performed in vitro using HK-2 cells treated with TGF-β1. At 28 days postoperation, the levels of BUN and Scr expression were significantly increased in the UUO group. SKI and benazepril reduced the levels of BUN and Scr, which displayed protective renal effects. Pathological staining showed that compared with the sham operation group, the renal parenchymal structure was severely damaged, the number of glomeruli was reduced, and a large amount of collagen was deposited in the kidney tissue of the UUO group. SKI treatment reduced morphological changes. Immunohistochemistry showed that compared with the sham operation group, the content of collagen I and FN in the kidney tissue of the UUO group were significantly increased, whereas the SKI content was decreased. In addition, compared with the UUO group, the levels of Wnt1, active β-catenin, Snail1, and PAI-1 expression were reduced in the SKI group, suggesting that SKI may reduce renal fibrosis by mediating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Further in vitro studies showed that collagen I, FN, and α-SMA levels in HK-2 cells were significantly increased following stimulation with TGF-β1. SKI could significantly reduce the expression of collagen I, FN, and α-SMA. A scratch test showed that SKI could reduce HK-2 migration. In addition, by stimulating TGF-β1, the levels of Wnt1, active β-catenin, snail1, and PAI-1 were significantly upregulated. SKI treatment could inhibit the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in HK-2 cells. SKI improves kidney function by inhibiting renal fibrosis. The anti-fibrotic effects may be mediated by regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and EMT inhibition.
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175
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Shen F, Hou X, Li T, Yu J, Chen H, Liu N, Qiu A, Zhuang S. Pharmacological and Genetic Inhibition of HDAC4 Alleviates Renal Injury and Fibrosis in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:929334. [PMID: 35847036 PMCID: PMC9277565 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.929334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) has been shown to be involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration and is associated with a variety of cancers. However, the role of HDAC4 in renal fibrogenesis and its mechanisms are unclear. We assessed the role of HDAC4 and possible mechanisms of fibrosis in a murine model of kidney injury induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) using tasquinimod, a highly selective HDAC4 inhibitor, and knockout mice with depletion of HDAC4 in renal tubular cells. UUO injury resulted in increased expression of HDAC4 and fibrotic proteins fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin, while treatment with tasquinimod or knockout of HDAC4 significantly reduced their expression. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of HDAC4 also decreased tubular epithelial cell arrest in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, expression of transforming growth factor-β1 and phosphorylation of Smad3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 in the injured kidney. Moreover, tasquinimod treatment or HDAC4 deletion inhibited UUO-induced renal tubular cell injury and apoptosis as indicated by reduced expression of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, Bax, and inhibition of caspase-3. Finally, administration of tasquinimod or knockdown of HDAC4 prevented injury-related repression of Klotho, a renoprotective protein. Our results indicate that HDAC4 is critically involved in renal tubular injury and fibrosis and suggest that HDAC4 is a potential therapeutic target for treatment of chronic fibrotic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengchen Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiying Hou
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huizhen Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Andong Qiu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Translational Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shougang Zhuang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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176
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Sadrkhanloo M, Entezari M, Orouei S, Ghollasi M, Fathi N, Rezaei S, Hejazi ES, Kakavand A, Saebfar H, Hashemi M, Goharrizi MASB, Salimimoghadam S, Rashidi M, Taheriazam A, Samarghandian S. STAT3-EMT axis in tumors: modulation of cancer metastasis, stemness and therapy response. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106311. [PMID: 35716914 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism is responsible for metastasis of tumor cells and their spread to various organs and tissues of body, providing undesirable prognosis. In addition to migration, EMT increases stemness and mediates therapy resistance. Hence, pathways involved in EMT regulation should be highlighted. STAT3 is an oncogenic pathway that can elevate growth rate and migratory ability of cancer cells and induce drug resistance. The inhibition of STAT3 signaling impairs cancer progression and promotes chemotherapy-mediated cell death. Present review focuses on STAT3 and EMT interaction in modulating cancer migration. First of all, STAT3 is an upstream mediator of EMT and is able to induce EMT-mediated metastasis in brain tumors, thoracic cancers and gastrointestinal cancers. Therefore, STAT3 inhibition significantly suppresses cancer metastasis and improves prognosis of patients. EMT regulators such as ZEB1/2 proteins, TGF-β, Twist, Snail and Slug are affected by STAT3 signaling to stimulate cancer migration and invasion. Different molecular pathways such as miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs modulate STAT3/EMT axis. Furthermore, we discuss how STAT3 and EMT interaction affects therapy response of cancer cells. Finally, we demonstrate targeting STAT3/EMT axis by anti-tumor agents and clinical application of this axis for improving patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdokht Sadrkhanloo
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Orouei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ghollasi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikoo Fathi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shamin Rezaei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Sadat Hejazi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirabbas Kakavand
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Saebfar
- European University Association, League of European Research Universities, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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Albumin-induced premature senescence in human renal proximal tubular cells and its relationship with intercellular fibrosis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:893-903. [PMID: 35713317 PMCID: PMC9828402 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of senescent cells is associated with renal fibrosis. This study aims to investigate the effect of albumin-induced premature senescence on tubulointerstitial fibrosis and its possible mechanism in vitro. Different concentrations of bovine serum albumim (BSA) with or without si-p21 are used to stimulate HK-2 cells for 72 h, and SA-β-gal activity, senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs), LaminB1 are used as markers of senescence. Immunofluorescence staining is performed to characterize the G2/M phase arrest between the control and BSA groups. Alterations in the DNA damage marker γ-H2AX, fibrogenesis, and associated proteins at the G2/M phase, such as p21, p-CDC25C and p-CDK1, are evaluated. Compared with those in the control group, the SA-β-gal activity, SASP, and γ-H2AX levels are increased in the BSA group, while the level of LaminB1 is decreased. Meanwhile, HK-2 cells blocked at the G2/M phase are significantly increased under the stimulation of BSA, and the levels of p21, p-CDC25C and p-CDK1, as well as fibrogenesis are also increased. When p21 expression is inhibited, the levels of p-CDC25C and p-CDK1 are decreased and the G2/M phase arrest is improved, which decreases the production of fibrogenesis. In conclusion, BSA induces renal tubular epithelial cell premature senescence, which regulates the G2/M phase through the CDC25C/CDK1 pathway, leading to tubulointerstitial fibrosis.
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178
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Sirtuins and Hypoxia in EMT Control. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060737. [PMID: 35745656 PMCID: PMC9228842 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a physiological process during embryogenesis, can become pathological in the presence of different driving forces. Reduced oxygen tension or hypoxia is one of these forces, triggering a large number of molecular pathways with aberrant EMT induction, resulting in cancer and fibrosis onset. Both hypoxia-induced factors, HIF-1α and HIF-2α, act as master transcription factors implicated in EMT. On the other hand, hypoxia-dependent HIF-independent EMT has also been described. Recently, a new class of seven proteins with deacylase activity, called sirtuins, have been implicated in the control of both hypoxia responses, HIF-1α and HIF-2α activation, as well as EMT induction. Intriguingly, different sirtuins have different effects on hypoxia and EMT, acting as either activators or inhibitors, depending on the tissue and cell type. Interestingly, sirtuins and HIF can be activated or inhibited with natural or synthetic molecules. Moreover, recent studies have shown that these natural or synthetic molecules can be better conveyed using nanoparticles, representing a valid strategy for EMT modulation. The following review, by detailing the aspects listed above, summarizes the interplay between hypoxia, sirtuins, and EMT, as well as the possible strategies to modulate them by using a nanoparticle-based approach.
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Liu Z, Wang W, Li X, Tang S, Meng D, Xia W, Wang H, Wu Y, Zhou X, Zhang J. Capsaicin ameliorates renal fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β1-Smad2/3 signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154067. [PMID: 35349832 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic kidney disease (CKD), characterized by renal fibrosis, is a global refractory disease with few effective therapeutic strategies. It has been reported that capsaicin exerts many pharmacological effects including liver and cardiac fibrosis. However, whether capsaicin plays a therapeutic role in renal fibrosis remains unclear. METHODS We investigated antifibrotic effects of capsaicin in two mouse renal fibrosis models as follows: C57BL/6J mice were subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and fed with an adenine-rich diet. We uncovered and verified the mechanisms of capsaicin in human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK2). We mainly used histochemistry, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining, western blot assay, biochemical examination and other tools to examine the effects of capsaicin on renal fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Capsaicin treatment significantly alleviated fibronectin and collagen depositions in the tubulointerstitium of the injured kidneys from UUO and adenine-fed mice. Meanwhile, capsaicin treatment obviously reduced α-SMA expression. Moreover, capsaicin treatment dramatically protected against the phenotypic alteration of tubular epithelial cells by increasing E-cadherin expression and decreasing vimentin expression during renal fibrosis. Mechanistically, capsaicin treatment effectively suppressed α-SMA and vimentin expressions but promoted E-cadherin expression in HK2 cells mainly through the inhibition of TGF-β1-Smad2/3 signaling. CONCLUSION Capsaicin significantly ameliorated renal fibrosis possibly by retarding the activation of myofibroblasts and protecting against the phenotypic alteration of tubular epithelial cells mainly through the inhibition of TGF-β1-Smad2/3 signaling. Thus, our findings may provide a new insight into the clinical application of capsaicin in renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Weili Wang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, PR China; College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Xueqin Li
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Sha Tang
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Dongwei Meng
- Institute of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Wenli Xia
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Yuzhang Wu
- Institute of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Xinyuan Zhou
- Institute of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
| | - Jingbo Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China.
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180
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CXCR4 inhibition attenuates calcium oxalate crystal deposition-induced renal fibrosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 107:108677. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Peisker F, Halder M, Nagai J, Ziegler S, Kaesler N, Hoeft K, Li R, Bindels EMJ, Kuppe C, Moellmann J, Lehrke M, Stoppe C, Schaub MT, Schneider RK, Costa I, Kramann R. Mapping the cardiac vascular niche in heart failure. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3027. [PMID: 35641541 PMCID: PMC9156759 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The cardiac vascular and perivascular niche are of major importance in homeostasis and during disease, but we lack a complete understanding of its cellular heterogeneity and alteration in response to injury as a major driver of heart failure. Using combined genetic fate tracing with confocal imaging and single-cell RNA sequencing of this niche in homeostasis and during heart failure, we unravel cell type specific transcriptomic changes in fibroblast, endothelial, pericyte and vascular smooth muscle cell subtypes. We characterize a specific fibroblast subpopulation that exists during homeostasis, acquires Thbs4 expression and expands after injury driving cardiac fibrosis, and identify the transcription factor TEAD1 as a regulator of fibroblast activation. Endothelial cells display a proliferative response after injury, which is not sustained in later remodeling, together with transcriptional changes related to hypoxia, angiogenesis, and migration. Collectively, our data provides an extensive resource of transcriptomic changes in the vascular niche in hypertrophic cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Peisker
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
| | - Maurice Halder
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
| | - James Nagai
- Institute for Computational Genomics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Joint Research Center for Computational Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Susanne Ziegler
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nadine Kaesler
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
- Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
| | - Konrad Hoeft
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ronghui Li
- Institute for Computational Genomics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Joint Research Center for Computational Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Eric M J Bindels
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christoph Kuppe
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julia Moellmann
- Department of Cardiology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Lehrke
- Department of Cardiology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Stoppe
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency, and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Michael T Schaub
- Department of Computer Science, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Ivan Costa
- Institute for Computational Genomics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Joint Research Center for Computational Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany.
- Institute of Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Jieduquyuzishen Prescription Attenuates Renal Fibrosis in MRL/lpr Mice via Inhibiting EMT and TGF- β1/Smad2/3 Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4987323. [PMID: 35591863 PMCID: PMC9113882 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4987323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Jieduquyuziyin prescription (JP) has been used to treat lupus nephritis (LN) and its effectiveness in the treatment of LN has been clinically proven, but the underlying mechanisms have yet to be completely understood. This aim of this study was to clarify the efficacy of JP on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubular epithelial cells and the molecular mechanisms of JP in MRL/lpr mice. In vivo, we observed the therapeutic actions of JP in MRL/lpr mice as well as its antifibrosis effect and potential mechanism. In vitro, we evaluated the role of JP in EMT and its possible mechanism through the EMT of human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) induced by transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) and M2c macrophages. HK-2 cells were treated with JP-treated serum, and MRL/lpr mice were treated by JP for 8 weeks. The results showed that JP alleviated disease activity, improved renal function, decreased proteinuria, and improved renal injury and fibrosis in MRL/lpr mice. Furthermore, JP suppressed the activation of the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway, upregulated the E-cadherin levels, and downregulated the Vimentin and mesenchymal α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) levels in the kidney of MRL/lpr mice. JP was further found to prevent the TGF-β1 and M2c macrophages-induced EMT of HK-2 cells. Collectively, JP could alleviate the disease activity of MRL/lpr mice, improve renal function, and attenuate renal fibrosis, and its underlying mechanisms may be related to the inhibition of EMT and TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.
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Jin L, Yu B, Liu G, Nie W, Wang J, Chen J, Xiao L, Xia H, Han F, Yang Y. Mitophagy induced by UMI-77 preserves mitochondrial fitness in renal tubular epithelial cells and alleviates renal fibrosis. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22342. [PMID: 35524750 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200199rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the final common outcome of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which remains a huge challenge due to a lack of targeted treatment. Growing evidence suggests that during the process of CKD, the integrity and function of mitochondria in renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) are generally impaired and strongly connected with the progression of renal fibrosis. Mitophagy, a selective form of autophagy, could remove aberrant mitochondria to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. Deficiency of mitophagy has been reported to aggravate renal fibrosis. However, whether induction of mitophagy could alleviate renal fibrosis has not been stated. In this study, we explored the effect of mitophagy activation by UMI-77, a compound recently verified to induce mitophagy, on murine CKD model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in vivo and TECs in vitro. In UUO mice, we found the changes of mitochondrial damage, ROS production, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smad pathway activation, as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype and renal fibrosis, and these changes were ameliorated by mitophagy enhancement using UMI-77. Moreover, TEC apoptosis, nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling activation, and interstitial inflammation after UUO were significantly mitigated by augmented mitophagy. Then, we found UMI-77 could effectively and safely induce mitophagy in TECs in vitro, and reduced TGF-β1/Smad signaling and downstream profibrotic responses in TGF-β1-treated TECs. These changes were restored by a mitophagy inhibitor. In conclusion, we demonstrated that mitophagy activation protected against renal fibrosis through improving mitochondrial fitness, downregulating TGF-β1/Smad signaling and alleviating TEC injuries and inflammatory infiltration in kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lini Jin
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Kidney Disease Center, Institute of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Binfeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Kidney Disease Center, Institute of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Kidney Disease Center, Institute of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wanyun Nie
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Kidney Disease Center, Institute of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junni Wang
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Kidney Disease Center, Institute of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Kidney Disease Center, Institute of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Kidney Disease Center, Institute of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongguang Xia
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry & Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Han
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Kidney Disease Center, Institute of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Kidney Disease Center, Institute of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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184
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Hu Y, Shi Y, Chen H, Tao M, Zhou X, Li J, Ma X, Wang Y, Liu N. Blockade of Autophagy Prevents the Progression of Hyperuricemic Nephropathy Through Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome-Mediated Pyroptosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:858494. [PMID: 35309342 PMCID: PMC8924517 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.858494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia has become a common metabolic disease, and is a risk factor for multiple diseases, including chronic kidney disease. Our recent study indicated that following persistent uric acid stimulation, autophagy was activated in rats of hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN) and facilitated the development of renal fibrosis. Nevertheless, the potential mechanism by which autophagy promoted the progression of HN is still not fully elucidated. Thus, in the current study, we investigated the mechanisms of autophagy inhibition on the development of HN. Our data showed that autophagy was activated in human renal tubular cell lines (HK-2) exposure to uric acid. Inhibition of autophagy with 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and transfected with Beclin-1 siRNA prevented uric acid-induced upregulation of α-SMA, Collagen I and Collagen III in HK-2 cells. Moreover, uric acid upregulated autophagy via promoting the p53 pathway. In vivo, we showed that hyperuricemic injury induced the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis, as evidenced by cleavage of caspase-1 and caspase-11, activation of gasdermin D (GSDMD) and the release of IL-1β and IL-18. Treatment with autophagy inhibitor 3-MA alleviated aforementioned phenomenon. Stimulation with uric acid in HK-2 cells also resulted in NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptotic cell death, however treatment with 3-MA prevented all these responses. Mechanistically, we showed that the elevation of autophagy and degradation of autophagolysosomes resulted in the release of cathepsin B (CTSB), which is related to the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. CTSB siRNA can inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis. Collectively, our results indicate that autophagy inhibition protects against HN through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis. What’s more, blockade the release of CTSB plays a crucial role in this process. Thus, inhibition of autophagy may be a promising therapeutic strategy for hyperuricemic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingfeng Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Tao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinqing Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Han Z, Ma K, Tao H, Liu H, Zhang J, Sai X, Li Y, Chi M, Nian Q, Song L, Liu C. A Deep Insight Into Regulatory T Cell Metabolism in Renal Disease: Facts and Perspectives. Front Immunol 2022; 13:826732. [PMID: 35251009 PMCID: PMC8892604 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.826732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease encompasses a complex set of diseases that can aggravate or start systemic pathophysiological processes through their complex metabolic mechanisms and effects on body homoeostasis. The prevalence of kidney disease has increased dramatically over the last two decades. CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells that express the transcription factor forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3) are critical for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmune disease and tissue damage caused by excessive or unnecessary immune activation, including autoimmune kidney diseases. Recent studies have highlighted the critical role of metabolic reprogramming in controlling the plasticity, stability, and function of Treg cells. They are also likely to play a vital role in limiting kidney transplant rejection and potentially promoting transplant tolerance. Metabolic pathways, such as mitochondrial function, glycolysis, lipid synthesis, glutaminolysis, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation, are involved in the development of renal diseases by modulating the function and proliferation of Treg cells. Targeting metabolic pathways to alter Treg cells can offer a promising method for renal disease therapy. In this review, we provide a new perspective on the role of Treg cell metabolism in renal diseases by presenting the renal microenvironment、relevant metabolites of Treg cell metabolism, and the role of Treg cell metabolism in various kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Han
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kuai Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hongxia Tao
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiyalatu Sai
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Yunlong Li
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingxuan Chi
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Nian
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Department of Blood Transfusion Sicuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Linjiang Song
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
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186
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Bai H, Yang J, Meng S, Liu C. Oral Microbiota-Driven Cell Migration in Carcinogenesis and Metastasis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:864479. [PMID: 35573798 PMCID: PMC9103474 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.864479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity harbors approximately 1,000 microbial species, and both pathogenic and commensal strains are involved in the development of carcinogenesis by stimulating chronic inflammation, affecting cell proliferation, and inhibiting cell apoptosis. Moreover, some substances produced by oral bacteria can also act in a carcinogenic manner. The link between oral microbiota and chronic inflammation as well as cell proliferation has been well established. Recently, increasing evidence has indicated the association of the oral microbiota with cell migration, which is crucial in regulating devastating diseases such as cancer. For instance, increased cell migration induced the spread of highly malignant cancer cells. Due to advanced technologies, the mechanistic understanding of cell migration in carcinogenesis and cancer metastasis is undergoing rapid progress. Thus, this review addressed the complexities of cell migration in carcinogenesis and cancer metastasis. We also integrate recent findings on the molecular mechanisms by which the oral microbiota regulates cell migration, with emphasis on the effect of the oral microbiota on adhesion, polarization, and guidance. Finally, we also highlight critical techniques, such as intravital microscopy and superresolution microscopy, for studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Shu Meng, ; Chengcheng Liu,
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Shu Meng, ; Chengcheng Liu,
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187
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Fu H, Gu YH, Tan J, Yang YN, Wang GH. CircACTR2 in macrophages promotes renal fibrosis by activating macrophage inflammation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of renal tubular epithelial cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:253. [PMID: 35449370 PMCID: PMC11072867 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04247-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The crosstalk between macrophages and tubular epithelial cells (TECs) actively regulates the progression of renal fibrosis. In the present study, we revealed the significance of circular RNA ACTR2 (circACTR2) in regulating macrophage inflammation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of TECs, and the development of renal fibrosis. Our results showed UUO-induced renal fibrosis was associated with increased inflammation and EMT, hypertrophy of contralateral kidney, up-regulations of circACTR2 and NLRP3, and the down-regulation of miR-561. CircACTR2 sufficiently and essentially promoted the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, pyroptosis, and inflammation in macrophages, and through paracrine effect, stimulated EMT and fibrosis of TECs. Mechanistically, circACTR2 sponged miR-561 and up-regulated NLRP3 expression level to induce the secretion of IL-1β. In TECs, IL-1β induced renal fibrosis via up-regulating fascin-1. Knocking down circACTR2 or elevating miR-561 potently alleviated renal fibrosis in vivo. In summary, circACTR2, by sponging miR-561, activated NLRP3 inflammasome, promoted macrophage inflammation, and stimulated macrophage-induced EMT and fibrosis of TECs. Knocking down circACTR2 and overexpressing miR-561 may, thus, benefit the treatment of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Fu
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Hong Gu
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Tan
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye-Ning Yang
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Hui Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No 138, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Revealing Potential Diagnostic Gene Biomarkers Associated with Immune Infiltration in Patients with Renal Fibrosis Based on Machine Learning Analysis. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:3027200. [PMID: 35497880 PMCID: PMC9045970 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3027200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is characterized by the development of renal fibrosis. The basic mechanisms of renal fibrosis have not yet been fully investigated despite significant progress in understanding the etiology of the disease. In this work, the researchers sought to identify potential diagnostic indicators for renal fibrosis. From the GEO database, we were able to acquire two gene expression profiles with publically available data (GSE22459 and GSE76882, respectively) from human renal fibrosis and control samples. 215 renal fibrosis specimens and 124 normal specimens were examined for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The SVM-RFE and LASSO regression models were used to discover potential markers. CIBERSORT was applied to estimate the combined cohorts' immune cell fraction compositional trends in renal fibrosis. RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of ISG20 in renal fibrosis and healthy samples. In vitro experiments were applied to examine the function of ISG20 knockdown on the progression of renal fibrosis. In this study, we identified 24 DEGs. The result of LASSO and SVM-RFE identified nine critical genes. ROC assays confirmed the diagnostic value of the above nine genes for renal fibrosis. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed that ISG20 and SERPINA3 were both found to be correlated with T cell follicular helper, neutrophils, T cell CD4 memory activated, eosinophils, T cell CD8, dendritic cell activated, B cell memory, monocytes, macrophage M2, plasma cells, T cell CD4 naïve, mast cell resting, B cell naïve, T cell regulatory, and NK cell activated. Finally, we observed that the expression of ISG20 and SERPINA3 was distinctly increased in renal fibrosis samples compared with normal samples. ISG20 siRNA significantly suppressed the progression of renal fibrosis in vitro. Overall, this study identified nine diagnostic biomarkers for renal fibrosis. ISG20 may be a novel therapeutic target of renal fibrosis.
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189
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Liu L, Sun Q, Davis F, Mao J, Zhao H, Ma D. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in organ fibrosis development: current understanding and treatment strategies. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkac011. [PMID: 35402628 PMCID: PMC8990740 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Organ fibrosis is a process in which cellular homeostasis is disrupted and extracellular matrix is excessively deposited. Fibrosis can lead to vital organ failure and there are no effective treatments yet. Although epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) may be one of the key cellular mechanisms, the underlying mechanisms of fibrosis remain largely unknown. EMT is a cell phenotypic process in which epithelial cells lose their cell-to-cell adhesion and polarization, after which they acquire mesenchymal features such as infiltration and migration ability. Upon injurious stimulation in different organs, EMT can be triggered by multiple signaling pathways and is also regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. This narrative review summarizes the current understanding of the underlying mechanisms of EMT in fibrogenesis and discusses potential strategies for attenuating EMT to prevent and/or inhibit fibrosis. Despite better understanding the role of EMT in fibrosis development, targeting EMT and beyond in developing therapeutics to tackle fibrosis is challenging but likely feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lexin Liu
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, SW10 9NH, UK.,Department of Nephrology and Urology, Pediatric Urolith Center, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China
| | - Qizhe Sun
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Frank Davis
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Jianhua Mao
- Department of Nephrology, The Children Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China
| | - Hailin Zhao
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Daqing Ma
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, SW10 9NH, UK
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190
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Rhein Improves Renal Fibrosis by Restoring Cpt1a-Mediated Fatty Acid Oxidation through SirT1/STAT3/twist1 Pathway. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072344. [PMID: 35408745 PMCID: PMC9000220 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The latest progress in the field of renal fibrosis mainly focuses on the new concept of “partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (pEMT)” to explain the contribution of renal tubular epithelial (RTE) cells to renal fibrosis and the crucial role of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) dysfunction in RTE cells for the development of renal fibrosis. FAO depression is considered to be secondary or occur simultaneously with pEMT. We explored the relationship between pEMT and FAO and the effect of rhein on them. Intragastric administration of rhein significantly improved the levels of BUN, Scr, α-SMA, collagen 1A and histopathological changes in UUO-rats. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that abnormal signaling pathways were involved in EMT and FAO disorders. RTE cell experiments showed that TGF-β could inhibit the activity of Cpt1a, resulting in ATP depletion and lipid deposition. Cpt1a inhibitor induced EMT, while Cpt1 substrate or rhein inhibited EMT, indicating that Cpt1a-mediated FAO dysfunction is essential for RTE cells EMT. Further studies showed that Cpt1a activity were regulated by SirT1/STAT3/Twist1 pathway. Rhein inhibits RTE cell EMT by promoting Cpt1a-mediated FAO through the SirT1/STAT3/Twist1 pathway. Surprisingly and importantly, our experiments showed that FAO depression occurs before EMT, and EMT is one of the results of FAO depression.
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191
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Quaglia M, Merlotti G, Colombatto A, Bruno S, Stasi A, Franzin R, Castellano G, Grossini E, Fanelli V, Cantaluppi V. Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Therapeutic Approach for Acute Kidney Injury. Front Immunol 2022; 13:849891. [PMID: 35359949 PMCID: PMC8960117 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.849891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury is a frequent complication of hospitalized patients and significantly increases morbidity and mortality, worsening costs and length of hospital stay. Despite this impact on healthcare system, treatment still remains only supportive (dialysis). Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles are a promising option as they recapitulate stem cells properties, overcoming safety issues related to risks or rejection or aberrant differentiation. A growing body of evidence based on pre-clinical studies suggests that extracellular vesicles may be effective to treat acute kidney injury and to limit fibrosis through direct interference with pathogenic mechanisms of vascular and tubular epithelial cell damage. We herein analyze the state-of-the-art knowledge of therapeutic approaches with stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles for different forms of acute kidney injury (toxic, ischemic or septic) dissecting their cytoprotective, regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. We also analyze the potential impact of extracellular vesicles on the mechanisms of transition from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease, with a focus on the pivotal role of the inhibition of complement cascade in this setting. Despite some technical limits, nowadays the development of therapies based on stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles holds promise as a new frontier to limit acute kidney injury onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Quaglia
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, "Maggiore della Carità" University Hospital, Department of Translational Medicine, Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy
| | - Guido Merlotti
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, "Maggiore della Carità" University Hospital, Department of Translational Medicine, Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy
| | - Andrea Colombatto
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, "Maggiore della Carità" University Hospital, Department of Translational Medicine, Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy
| | - Stefania Bruno
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Stasi
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Rossana Franzin
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castellano
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Grossini
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Vito Fanelli
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cantaluppi
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, "Maggiore della Carità" University Hospital, Department of Translational Medicine, Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy
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192
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Lu J, An J, Wang J, Cao X, Cao Y, Huang C, Jiao S, Yan D, Lin X, Zhou X. Znhit1 Regulates p21Cip1 to Control Mouse Lens Differentiation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:18. [PMID: 35472217 PMCID: PMC9055562 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.4.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The transparency of the ocular lens is essential for refracting and focusing light onto the retina, and transparency is controlled by many factors and signaling pathways. Here we showed a critical role of chromatin remodeler zinc finger HIT-type containing 1 (Znhit1) in maintaining lens transparency. Methods To explore the roles of Znhit1 in lens development, the cre-loxp system was used to generate lens-specific Znhit1 knockout mice (Znhit1Mlr10-Cre; Znhit1 cKO). Morphological changes in mice lenses were examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and assay for transposase accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) were applied to screen transcriptome changes. Immunofluorescence staining were performed to assess proteins distribution and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling staining were used for determining apoptosis. The mRNAs expression was examined by quantitative RT-PCR and proteins expression by Western blot. Results Lens-specific conditional knockout mice had a severe cataract, microphthalmia phenotype, and seriously abnormal lens fiber cells differentiation. Deletion of Znhit1 in the lens resulted in decreased cell proliferation and increased cell apoptosis of the lens epithelia. ATAC-seq showed that Znhit1 deficiency increased chromatin accessibility of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, including p57Kip2 and p21Cip1, and upregulated the expression of these genes in mRNA and protein levels. And we also showed that loss of Znhit1 lead to lens fibrosis by upregulating the expression of p21Cip1. Conclusions Our findings suggested that Znhit1 is required for the survival of lens epithelial cells. The loss of Znhit1 leads to the overexpression of p21Cip1, further resulting in lens fibrosis, and impacted the establishment of lens transparency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lu
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianhong An
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaowen Cao
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuqing Cao
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengjie Huang
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiming Jiao
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongsheng Yan
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinhua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangtian Zhou
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
- Oujiang Laboratory, Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wenzhou, China
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193
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Sadhukhan S, Mishra PK. A multi-layered hybrid model for cancer cell invasion. Med Biol Eng Comput 2022; 60:1075-1098. [DOI: 10.1007/s11517-022-02514-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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194
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Looker HC, Lin C, Nair V, Kretzler M, Mauer M, Najafian B, Nelson RG. Serum Level of Polyubiquitinated PTEN and Loss of Kidney Function in American Indians With Type 2 Diabetes. Am J Kidney Dis 2022; 79:497-506. [PMID: 34562525 PMCID: PMC9740738 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Fibrosis is a major driver of chronic kidney disease, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) may contribute to its development. A polyubiquitinated form of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTENK27polyUb) promotes EMT in vitro. Thus, it is a potentially useful biomarker of progressive kidney fibrosis and may predict loss of kidney function. STUDY DESIGN Observational cohort study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS Southwest United States, American Indians (154 women, 80 men) with or at high risk for diabetic kidney disease (DKD). PREDICTORS Serum level of PTENK27polyUb. OUTCOME ≥40% loss of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) or onset of kidney failure. Kidney structural measures in a subset of study participants who underwent research kidney biopsies (n = 77). ANALYTICAL APPROACH Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, sex, diabetes duration, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), blood pressure, use of renin angiotensin system (RAS) blockers, measured GFR, and albuminuria. Spearman correlations for associations with structural measures. RESULTS At baseline, the participants' mean age was 42.8 ± 10.5 (SD) years, diabetes duration 11.5 ± 7.1 years, mean arterial pressure 90.5 ± 9.5 mm Hg, HbA1c 9.3 ± 2.4%, GFR 152 ± 45 mL/min, and median urinary albumin-creatinine ratio 38 (interquartile range, 14-215) mg/g. RAS blockers were being used by 64 participants (27.4%). A higher PTENK27polyUb value was associated with a greater risk of ≥40% loss of GFR during a median follow-up period of 6.3 years (HR for quartile 4 [Q4] vs Q1, 3.95 [95% CI, 2.23-6.98], P < 0.001). Serum PTENK27polyUb was associated with an increased risk of kidney failure over a median follow-up period of 15.8 years (HR for Q4 vs Q1, 5.66 [95% CI, 1.99-16.13], P = 0.001). Baseline serum PTENK27polyUb in the biopsy subset correlated with structural measures including glomerular basement membrane width (ρ = 0.370, P < 0.001) and mesangial fractional volume (ρ = 0.392, P < 0.001). LIMITATIONS Small study in single population. CONCLUSIONS Higher serum PTENK27polyUb is associated with increased risk for GFR decline and kidney failure in American Indians with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen C Looker
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Chunru Lin
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Viji Nair
- Bioinformatics/Computational Biologist at University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics and Professor of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Michael Mauer
- Emeritus of Pediatrics and Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Behzad Najafian
- Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Robert G Nelson
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ
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Wang Q, Wu Y, Lin M, Wang G, Liu J, Xie M, Zheng B, Shen C, Shen J. BMI1 promotes osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis by repressing the transcription of SIK1. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:136. [PMID: 35346195 PMCID: PMC8961961 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02552-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant tumor of bone, and the clinical efficacy of current treatments and associated survival rates need to be further improved by employing novel therapeutic strategies. Although various studies have shown that BMI1 protein is universally upregulated in OS cells and tissues, its specific role and underlying mechanism have not yet been fully explored.
Methods
Expression of BMI1 protein in OS cells was detected by western blot. The effect of BMI1 on proliferation and migration of OS cells (143B and U-2OS cell lines) was investigated in vitro using CCK-8, colony formation and transwell assays, and in vivo using subcutaneous tumorigenesis and lung metastasis assays in xenograft nude mice. Expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated proteins was detected by immunofluorescence imaging. Bioinformatic analysis was performed using ENCODE databases to predict downstream targets of BMI1. SIK1 mRNA expression in osteosarcoma cells was detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qPCR). Chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR (ChIP-qPCR) was used to investigate expression of BMI1-associated, RING1B-associated, H2AK119ub-associated and H3K4me3-associated DNA at the putative binding region of BMI1 on the SIK1 promoter in OS cells.
Results
Using both in vitro and in vivo experimental approaches, we found that BMI1 promotes OS cell proliferation and metastasis. The tumor suppressor SIK1 was identified as the direct target gene of BMI1 in OS cells. In vitro experiments demonstrated that SIK1 could inhibit proliferation and migration of OS cells. Inhibition of SIK1 largely rescued the altered phenotypes of BMI1-deficient OS cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that BMI1 directly binds to the promoter region of SIK1 in a complex with RING1B to promote monoubiquitination of histone H2A at lysine 119 (H2AK119ub) and inhibit H3K4 trimethylation (H3K4me3), resulting in inhibition of SIK1 transcription. We therefore suggest that BMI1 promotes OS cell proliferation and metastasis by inhibiting SIK1.
Conclusions
Our results reveal a novel molecular mechanism of OS development promoted by BMI1 and provides a new potential target for OS treatment.
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Feiteng C, Lei C, Deng L, Chaoliang X, Zijie X, Yi S, Minglei S. Relaxin inhibits renal fibrosis and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Ren Fail 2022; 44:513-524. [PMID: 35311469 PMCID: PMC8942541 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2044351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common characteristic and the final pathological mechanism of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although CKD remains incurable, inhibition of renal fibrosis is beneficial to inhibit the CKD process. Relaxin alleviates renal fibrosis in some experimental models, but its mechanism remains unclear. In the following, we studied the regulatory effect of relaxin on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Our results demonstrate that relaxin could downregulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling and decrease EMT, thus protecting against loss of transporters in tubular epithelial cells (TECs) and abrogate renal interstitial fibrosis following UUO. We confirmed that relaxin can downregulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling and decrease EMT in NRK52E, thus abrogating G2 cell cycle arrest in vitro experiments. Therefore, a novel mechanism by which relaxin is antifibrotic is that relaxin regulates the EMT program of TECs via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The inhibition of EMT contributes to protecting the functional capabilities of TECs and promoting the regeneration of TECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Feiteng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Lei
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Chaoliang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Zijie
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao Yi
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sha Minglei
- Department of Geriatric, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Epithelial–Fibroblast Crosstalk Protects against Acidosis-Induced Inflammatory and Fibrotic Alterations. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030681. [PMID: 35327483 PMCID: PMC8945333 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is accompanied by extracellular acidosis inflammation, fibrosis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The aim of this study was to assess the influence of acidosis on tubule epithelial cells (NRK-52E) and fibroblasts (NRK-49F) in dependence of cellular crosstalk. NRK-52E and NRK-49F were used in mono- and co-cultures, and were treated with acidic media (pH 6.0) for 48 h. The intracellular proteins were measured by Western blot. Secreted proteins were measured by ELISA. Distribution of E-cadherin was assessed by immunofluorescence and epithelial barrier function by FITC-dextran diffusion. Inflammation: Acidosis led to an increase in COX-2 in NRK-52E and TNF in NRK-49F in monoculture. In co-culture, this effect was reversed. EMT: Acidosis led to an increase in vimentin protein in both cell lines, whereas in co-culture, the effect was abolished. In NRK-52E, the E-cadherin expression was unchanged, but subcellular E-cadherin showed a disturbed distribution, and cellular barrier function was decreased. Fibrosis: Monoculture acidosis led to an increased secretion of collagen I and fibronectin in NRK-52E and collagen I in NRK-49F. In co-culture, the total collagen I secretion was unchanged, and fibronectin secretion was decreased. Intercellular crosstalk between epithelial cells and fibroblasts has a protective function regarding the development of acidosis-induced damage.
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198
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Transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity: why so many regulators? Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:182. [PMID: 35278142 PMCID: PMC8918127 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04199-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The dynamic transition between epithelial-like and mesenchymal-like cell states has been a focus for extensive investigation for decades, reflective of the importance of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) through development, in the adult, and the contributing role EMT has to pathologies including metastasis and fibrosis. Not surprisingly, regulation of the complex genetic networks that underlie EMT have been attributed to multiple transcription factors and microRNAs. What is surprising, however, are the sheer number of different regulators (hundreds of transcription factors and microRNAs) for which critical roles have been described. This review seeks not to collate these studies, but to provide a perspective on the fundamental question of whether it is really feasible that so many regulators play important roles and if so, what does this tell us about EMT and more generally, the genetic machinery that controls complex biological processes.
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Petzuch B, Benardeau A, Hofmeister L, Meyer J, Hartmann E, Pavkovic M, Mathar I, Sandner P, Ellinger-Ziegelbauer H. Urinary miRNA profiles in chronic kidney injury - Benefits of extracellular vesicle enrichment and miRNAs as potential biomarkers for renal fibrosis, glomerular injury and endothelial dysfunction. Toxicol Sci 2022; 187:35-50. [PMID: 35244176 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are regulators of gene expression and play an important role in physiological homeostasis and disease. In biofluids miRNAs can be found in protein complexes or in extracellular vesicles (EVs). Altered urinary miRNAs are reported as potential biomarkers for chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this context we compared established urinary protein biomarkers for kidney injury with urinary miRNA profiles in obese ZSF1 and hypertensive renin transgenic rats. Additionally, the benefit of urinary EV enrichment was investigated in vivo and the potential association of urinary miRNAs with renal fibrosis in vitro. Kidney damage in both rat models was confirmed by histopathology, proteinuria, and increased levels of urinary protein biomarkers. In total 290 miRNAs were elevated in obese ZSF1 rats compared to lean controls, while 38 miRNAs were altered in obese ZSF1 rats during 14 to 26 weeks of age. These 38 miRNAs correlated better with disease progression than established urinary protein biomarkers. MiRNAs increased in obese ZSF1 rats were associated with renal inflammation, fibrosis, and glomerular injury. Eight miRNAs were also changed in urinary EVs of renin transgenic rats, including one which might play a role in endothelial dysfunction. EV enrichment increased the number and detection level of several miRNAs implicated in renal fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. Our results show the benefit of EV enrichment for miRNA detection and the potential of total urine and urinary EV-associated miRNAs as biomarkers of altered kidney physiology, renal fibrosis and glomerular injury, and disease progression in hypertension and obesity induced CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Petzuch
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Investigational Toxicology, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany.,Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Investigative Toxicology, Department of Non-Clinical Drug Safety, 88400 Biberach (Riß), Germany
| | - A Benardeau
- Novo Nordisk A/S,Cardio-Renal Biology, Måløv, Denmark
| | - L Hofmeister
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Cardiovascular Research, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - J Meyer
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Cardiovascular Research, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - E Hartmann
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Toxicology, Pathology and Clinical Pathology, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - M Pavkovic
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Investigational Toxicology, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - I Mathar
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Cardiovascular Research, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - P Sandner
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Cardiovascular Research, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany.,Hannover Medical School, Institute of Pharmacology, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Mubarok W, Elvitigala KCML, Nakahata M, Kojima M, Sakai S. Modulation of Cell-Cycle Progression by Hydrogen Peroxide-Mediated Cross-Linking and Degradation of Cell-Adhesive Hydrogels. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050881. [PMID: 35269503 PMCID: PMC8909037 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The cell cycle is known to be regulated by features such as the mechanical properties of the surrounding environment and interaction of cells with the adhering substrates. Here, we investigated the possibility of regulating cell-cycle progression of the cells on gelatin/hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels obtained through hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-mediated cross-linking and degradation of the polymers by varying the exposure time to H2O2 contained in the air. The stiffness of the hydrogel varied with the exposure time. Human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) and mouse mammary gland epithelial cells (NMuMG) expressing cell-cycle reporter Fucci2 showed the exposure-time-dependent different cell-cycle progressions on the hydrogels. Although HeLa/Fucci2 cells cultured on the soft hydrogel (Young’s modulus: 0.20 and 0.40 kPa) obtained through 15 min and 120 min of the H2O2 exposure showed a G2/M-phase arrest, NMuMG cells showed a G1-phase arrest. Additionally, the cell-cycle progression of NMuMG cells was not only governed by the hydrogel stiffness, but also by the low-molecular-weight HA resulting from H2O2-mediated degradation. These results indicate that H2O2-mediated cross-linking and degradation of gelatin/hyaluronic acid composite hydrogel could be used to control the cell adhesion and cell-cycle progression.
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