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Lin Y, Gong X, Li X, Shao C, Wu T, Li M, Li F, Ma Q, Ye J, Zhong B. Distinct Cause of Death Profiles of Hospitalized Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A 10 Years' Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study in China. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 7:584396. [PMID: 33511140 PMCID: PMC7835127 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.584396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The clinical burden and natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) vary globally. We aimed to investigate NAFLD-related mortality profiles in hospitalized patients in southern China. Methods: A multicenter retrospective investigation with a 10-year study period (2009–2018) analyzed 10,071 deaths during hospitalization (NAFLD: 2,015; other liver diseases: 1,140; without liver diseases: 6,916) was performed using a multiple cause of death analysis. Medical histories and biochemistry and imaging findings were extracted from the electronic medical record system. The underlying causes of death were classified by 10th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) codes. Results: The distribution of death causes in patients with NAFLD has stabilized over time, with cardio- and cerebral vascular disease (CVD) ranked first (35.6%), followed by extrahepatic malignancies (22.6%), infection (11.0%), kidney disease (7.5%), liver-related diseases (5.2%), respiratory diseases (3.9%), digestive diseases (3.5%), endocrine diseases (3.5%), and other diseases (7.2%). NAFLD patients had more deaths attributable to CVD, extrahepatic malignancies, liver-related diseases (all P < 0.001) and multiorgan failure than the deceased controls. The severity of steatosis was independently associated with these relationships (liver-related diseases: OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.20–1.59, cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases: OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.19–1.31, infectious diseases: OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04–1.26, and renal diseases: OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.02–1.47, all P < 0.05) after adjustment for sex, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, uric acid, metabolic syndromes and fibrosis index based on the 4 factors. Conclusion : NAFLD patients had higher proportions of death due to underlying CVD and liver-related diseases than the general population in China; these proportions positively correlated with steatosis degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaorong Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, China
| | - Congxiang Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingfeng Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minrui Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuxi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junzhao Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bihui Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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152
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Chen C, Wang D, Yu Y, Zhao T, Min N, Wu Y, Kang L, Zhao Y, Du L, Zhang M, Gong J, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Mi X, Yue S, Tan X. Legumain promotes tubular ferroptosis by facilitating chaperone-mediated autophagy of GPX4 in AKI. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:65. [PMID: 33431801 PMCID: PMC7801434 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Legumain is required for maintenance of normal kidney homeostasis. However, its role in acute kidney injury (AKI) is still unclear. Here, we induced AKI by bilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) of renal arteries or folic acid in lgmnWT and lgmnKO mice. We assessed serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, histological indexes of tubular injury, and expression of KIM-1 and NGAL. Inflammatory infiltration was evaluated by immunohistological staining of CD3 and F4/80, and expression of TNF-α, CCL-2, IL-33, and IL-1α. Ferroptosis was evaluated by Acsl4, Cox-2, reactive oxygen species (ROS) indexes H2DCFDA and DHE, MDA and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). We induced ferroptosis by hypoxia or erastin in primary mouse renal tubular epithelial cells (mRTECs). Cellular survival, Acsl4, Cox-2, LDH release, ROS, and MDA levels were measured. We analyzed the degradation of GPX4 through inhibition of proteasomes or autophagy. Lysosomal GPX4 was assessed to determine GPX4 degradation pathway. Immunoprecipitation (IP) was used to determine the interactions between legumain, GPX4, HSC70, and HSP90. For tentative treatment, RR-11a was administrated intraperitoneally to a mouse model of IRI-induced AKI. Our results showed that legumain deficiency attenuated acute tubular injury, inflammation, and ferroptosis in either IRI or folic acid-induced AKI model. Ferroptosis induced by hypoxia or erastin was dampened in lgmnKO mRTECs compared with lgmnWT control. Deficiency of legumain prevented chaperone-mediated autophagy of GPX4. Results of IP suggested interactions between legumain, HSC70, HSP90, and GPX4. Administration of RR-11a ameliorated ferroptosis and renal injury in the AKI model. Together, our data indicate that legumain promotes chaperone-mediated autophagy of GPX4 therefore facilitates tubular ferroptosis in AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan'ai Chen
- School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Dekun Wang
- School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yangyang Yu
- School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Tianyuan Zhao
- School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ningning Min
- School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yan Wu
- School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lichun Kang
- School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lingfang Du
- School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Mianzhi Zhang
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Junbo Gong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhujun Zhang
- School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xue Mi
- School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shijing Yue
- School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiaoyue Tan
- School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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153
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Cigarette smoke-induced impairment of autophagy in macrophages increases galectin-8 and inflammation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:335. [PMID: 33432024 PMCID: PMC7801483 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79848-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke impairs autophagy, an intracellular protein degradation system, but the consequences of this defect have not been fully elucidated, especially in macrophages. Dysfunctional alveolar macrophages play an important role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Here we show that galectin-8, a danger receptor that identifies damaged intracellular host vesicles and initiates autophagosome engulfment, is elevated due to activation of autophagy by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) in macrophages. CSE impaired autophagic flux in PMA-differentiated U937 macrophage-like cells, resulting in intracellular accumulation of galectin-8 and the autophagic adaptor protein NDP52. COPD patients showed elevated levels of galectin-8 and NDP52 in the lung homogenates with significant increase in the serum galectin-8 levels in patients with frequent acute exacerbations. Soluble galectin-8 induced interleukin (IL)-6 release in bronchial epithelial cells via PI3Kα signalling. Thus, increased galectin-8 due to CSE-induced impaired autophagy may be involved in the pathogenesis of COPD and may be a biomarker of this disease.
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154
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Huang X, Liu W, Zhang J, Liu Z, Wang M, Wang L, Zhou H, Jiang Y, Cui W, Qiao X, Xu Y, Li Y, Tang L. Very virulent infectious bursal disease virus-induced immune injury is involved in inflammation, apoptosis, and inflammatory cytokines imbalance in the bursa of fabricius. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 114:103839. [PMID: 32898577 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) can cause a highly contagious disease in young chickens, resulting in bursal necrosis that causes severe damage to the immune system. The effects of various IBDV strains on the bursa of Fabricius (BF) have been extensively studied; however, few studies have investigated the effects of IBDV strain LJ-5, a newly discovered very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV), infection on young chicken BF. In this study, three-week-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were infected with vvIBDV for one to five days. LJ-5 decreased the bursa index, B lymphocyte viability and immunoglobulin (Ig) levels, including IgM and IgA in the bursa and IgY in the sera. Histopathological analysis revealed necrosis and depletion of the lymphoid cells and complete loss of bursal architecture in the BF, and transmission electron microscopy revealed mitochondrial vacuoles, cristae breaks, and nuclear damage in vvIBDV-infected bursa tissue. The number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling-positive nuclei significantly increased following IBDV infection. Cytokine levels increased in the bursa after IBDV infection, promoting inflammation and causing an inflammatory imbalance. Apoptotic gene expression confirmed that vvIBDV infection promotes the apoptosis of bursal cells. These results suggest that vvIBDV infection attenuate immune responses by reducing B lymphocyte activity of secretion Ig in the bursa or sera and triggers inflammation, apoptosis, and an imbalance of inflammatory cytokines in the BF, resulting in immune injury in SPF chickens, which offered basic data for further study of vvIBDV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Junyan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Zengsu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Meng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, PR China
| | - Han Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, PR China
| | - Yanping Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, PR China
| | - Wen Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, PR China
| | - Xinyuan Qiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, PR China
| | - Yigang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, PR China
| | - Yijing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, PR China
| | - Lijie Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, PR China.
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155
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Arneth B, Arneth R. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) and Vasculitis. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:1532-1540. [PMID: 33746569 PMCID: PMC7976562 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.53728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been implicated in host immune responses. Attempts have been made to examine how NETs affect the pathogenesis of complications such as autoimmune and vascular disorders. Aim: This study aimed to explore the relationship between NETs and vasculitis. Material and Methods: The current study entailed the searching of PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL for articles related to the research topic. The search terms and phrases included "vasculitis," "NETs," "neutrophil extracellular traps," "NETosis," and "pathogenesis." The search was limited to articles published between 2009 and 2019. Results: Researchers have shown that NETs contribute to the pathogenesis of vasculitis through different mechanisms and processes, including renal failure and vascular damage. The protective effects of NETs have also been highlighted. Discussion: Overall, some scholars have shown the effectiveness of using DNase I and the PAD4 inhibitor Cl-amidine to treat vasculitis by restricting NET formation. However, observations have been noted in only animal experimental models. Conclusion: Neutrophil hyperactivity and its role in vasculitis are not yet fully understood. More studies aiming to determine the accurate function of NETs in vasculitis pathogenesis, particularly in humans, should be undertaken. Intensive research on NETs and vasculitis can increase the knowledge of medical practitioners and contribute to the development of new treatment methods to enhance patient outcomes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borros Arneth
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital of the Universities of Giessen and Marburg UKGM, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rebekka Arneth
- Clinic of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, University Hospital of the Universities of Giessen and Marburg UKGM, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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156
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Abstract
After both sterile and infectious insults, damage is inflicted on tissues leading to accidental or programmed cell death. In addition, events of programmed cell death also take place under homeostatic conditions, such as in embryo development or in the turnover of hematopoietic cells. Mammalian tissues are seeded with myeloid immune cells, which harbor a plethora of receptors that allow the detection of cell death, modulating immune responses. The myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are one of the most prominent families of receptors involved in tailoring immunity after sensing dead cells. In this chapter, we will cover a diversity of signals arising from different forms of cell death and how they are recognized by myeloid CLRs. We will also explore how myeloid cells develop their sentinel function, exploring how some of these CLRs identify cell death and the type of responses triggered thereof. In particular, we will focus on DNGR-1 (CLEC9A), Mincle (CLEC4E), CLL-1 (CLEC12A), LOX-1 (OLR1), CD301 (CLEC10A) and DEC-205 (LY75) as paradigmatic death-sensing CLRs expressed by myeloid cells. The molecular processes triggered after cell death recognition by myeloid CLRs contribute to the regulation of immune responses in pathologies associated with tissue damage, such as infection, autoimmunity and cancer. A better understanding of these processes may help to improve the current approaches for therapeutic intervention.
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157
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Cao L, Mu W. Necrostatin-1 and necroptosis inhibition: Pathophysiology and therapeutic implications. Pharmacol Res 2020; 163:105297. [PMID: 33181319 PMCID: PMC7962892 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) is a RIP1-targeted inhibitor of necroptosis, a form of programmed cell death discovered and investigated in recent years. There are already many studies demonstrating the essential role of necroptosis in various diseases, including inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular diseases and neurological diseases. However, the potential of Nec-1 in diseases has not received much attention. Nec-1 is able to inhibit necroptosis signaling pathway and thus ameliorate necroptotic cell death in disease development. Recent research findings indicate that Nec-1 could be applied in several types of diseases to alleviate disease development or improve prognosis. Moreover, we predict that Nec-1 has the potential to protect against the complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This review summarized the effect of Nec-1 in disease models and the underlying molecular mechanism, providing research evidence for its future application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wei Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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158
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Shi C, Yang L, Braun A, Anders HJ. Extracellular DNA-A Danger Signal Triggering Immunothrombosis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:568513. [PMID: 33117353 PMCID: PMC7575749 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.568513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Clotting and inflammation are effective danger response patterns positively selected by evolution to limit fatal bleeding and pathogen invasion upon traumatic injuries. As a trade-off, thrombotic, and thromboembolic events complicate severe forms of infectious and non-infectious states of acute and chronic inflammation, i.e., immunothrombosis. Factors linked to thrombosis and inflammation include mediators released by platelet granules, complement, and lipid mediators and certain integrins. Extracellular deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was a previously unrecognized cellular component in the blood, which elicits profound proinflammatory and prothrombotic effects. Pathogens trigger the release of extracellular DNA together with other pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Dying cells in the inflamed or infected tissue release extracellular DNA together with other danger associated molecular pattern (DAMPs). Neutrophils release DNA by forming neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) during infection, trauma or other forms of vascular injury. Fluorescence tissue imaging localized extracellular DNA to sites of injury and to intravascular thrombi. Functional studies using deoxyribonuclease (DNase)-deficient mouse strains or recombinant DNase show that extracellular DNA contributes to the process of immunothrombosis. Here, we review rodent models of immunothrombosis and the evolving evidence for extracellular DNA as a driver of immunothrombosis and discuss challenges and prospects for extracellular DNA as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongxu Shi
- Renal Division, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Luying Yang
- Renal Division, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Attila Braun
- German Center for Lung Research, Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Renal Division, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
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159
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Zhang HF, Zhang HB, Wu XP, Guo YL, Cheng WD, Qian F. Fisetin alleviates sepsis-induced multiple organ dysfunction in mice via inhibiting p38 MAPK/MK2 signaling. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:1348-1356. [PMID: 32661350 PMCID: PMC7608145 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0462-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced multiple organ dysfunction and inflammatory response are life-threatening symptoms without effective treatment. Fisetin, a dietary flavonoid extracted from berries and family Fabaceae, has displayed neuroprotective and anti-oxidant activities. In this study we investigated whether fisetin exerted a protective effect against sepsis-induced multiple organ dysfunction in mouse cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) model. The mice were injected with fisetin (10 mg/kg, ip) 0.5 h prior to CLP, and sacrificed 18 h after CLP. We found that fisetin administration significantly alleviated CLP-induced lung, liver and kidney injury, as well as the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), application of fisetin (3–10 μM) dose-dependently inhibited the expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Furthermore, fisetin dose-dependently inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, MK2, and transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase (TAK) 1 via attenuating the interaction between TAK1 and TAK-binding proteins (TAB) 1. These results demonstrate that fisetin is a promising agent for protecting against sepsis-induced inflammatory response and organ injury via inhibiting macrophage activation.
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160
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Morris G, Bortolasci CC, Puri BK, Olive L, Marx W, O'Neil A, Athan E, Carvalho AF, Maes M, Walder K, Berk M. The pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2: A suggested model and therapeutic approach. Life Sci 2020; 258:118166. [PMID: 32739471 PMCID: PMC7392886 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a model is proposed of the pathophysiological processes of COVID-19 starting from the infection of human type II alveolar epithelial cells (pneumocytes) by SARS-CoV-2 and culminating in the development of ARDS. The innate immune response to infection of type II alveolar epithelial cells leads both to their death by apoptosis and pyroptosis and to alveolar macrophage activation. Activated macrophages secrete proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines and tend to polarise into the inflammatory M1 phenotype. These changes are associated with activation of vascular endothelial cells and thence the recruitment of highly toxic neutrophils and inflammatory activated platelets into the alveolar space. Activated vascular endothelial cells become a source of proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and contribute to the development of coagulopathy, systemic sepsis, a cytokine storm and ARDS. Pulmonary activated platelets are also an important source of proinflammatory cytokines and ROS, as well as exacerbating pulmonary neutrophil-mediated inflammatory responses and contributing to systemic sepsis by binding to neutrophils to form platelet-neutrophil complexes (PNCs). PNC formation increases neutrophil recruitment, activation priming and extraversion of these immune cells into inflamed pulmonary tissue, thereby contributing to ARDS. Sequestered PNCs cause the development of a procoagulant and proinflammatory environment. The contribution to ARDS of increased extracellular histone levels, circulating mitochondrial DNA, the chromatin protein HMGB1, decreased neutrophil apoptosis, impaired macrophage efferocytosis, the cytokine storm, the toll-like receptor radical cycle, pyroptosis, necroinflammation, lymphopenia and a high Th17 to regulatory T lymphocyte ratio are detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Chiara C. Bortolasci
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia,Deakin University, Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, School of Medicine, Geelong, Australia,Corresponding author at: IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3218, Australia
| | | | - Lisa Olive
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia,School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Adrienne O'Neil
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eugene Athan
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia,Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Andre F. Carvalho
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael Maes
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, King Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand,Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ken Walder
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia,Deakin University, Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, School of Medicine, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia,Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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161
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Niu L, Luo R, Zou M, Sun Y, Fu Y, Wang Y, Peng X. Puerarin inhibits Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG-HS)-induced inflammation and apoptosis via suppressing the TLR6/MyD88/NF-κB signal pathway in chicken. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106993. [PMID: 33182066 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is the primary etiological agent of chicken chronic respiratory disease (CRD), which mainly causes inflammatory damage of the host respiratory system. Previous studies suggest that puerarin (PUE) plays a pivotal regulatory role in inflammatory diseases, whereas the impacts of PUE on MG-induced inflammation remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of PUE on MG-HS infection in vitro and in vivo and indicated its potential therapeutic and preventive value. Experimental results showed that PUE significantly suppressed pMGA1.2 expression, promoted MG-infected cell proliferation and cell cycle process by reducing apoptosis. Histopathological examination of lung tissue showed severe histopathological lesions including thickened alveolar walls, narrowed alveolar cavity, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the MG-infected chicken group. However, PUE treatment significantly ameliorated MG-induced pathological damage in lung. Compared to the MG-infected group, PUE effectively inhibited the expression of MG-induced inflammatory genes, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6), myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Moreover, PUE dose-dependently inhibited MG-induced NF-κB p65 to enter the cell nucleus. In conclusion, our findings indicate that PUE treatment can efficiently inhibit MG-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis, and protect the lung from MG infection-induced damage by inhibiting the TLR6/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway activation. The study suggests that PUE may be a potential anti-inflammatory agent defense againstMGinfection in chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumeng Niu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ronglong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mengyun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yingfei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yali Fu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiuli Peng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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162
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Myofiber necroptosis promotes muscle stem cell proliferation via releasing Tenascin-C during regeneration. Cell Res 2020; 30:1063-1077. [PMID: 32839552 PMCID: PMC7784988 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-00393-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is characterized by the loss of membrane integrity and release of intracellular contents, the execution of which depends on the membrane-disrupting activity of the Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain-Like protein (MLKL) upon its phosphorylation. Here we found myofibers committed MLKL-dependent necroptosis after muscle injury. Either pharmacological inhibition of the necroptosis upstream kinase Receptor Interacting Protein Kinases 1 (RIPK1) or genetic ablation of MLKL expression in myofibers led to significant muscle regeneration defects. By releasing factors into the muscle stem cell (MuSC) microenvironment, necroptotic myofibers facilitated muscle regeneration. Tenascin-C (TNC), released by necroptotic myofibers, was found to be critical for MuSC proliferation. The temporary expression of TNC in myofibers is tightly controlled by necroptosis; the extracellular release of TNC depends on necroptotic membrane rupture. TNC directly activated EGF receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway in MuSCs through its N-terminus assembly domain together with the EGF-like domain. These findings indicate that necroptosis plays a key role in promoting MuSC proliferation to facilitate muscle regeneration.
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163
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She X, Lan B, Tian H, Tang B. Cross Talk Between Ferroptosis and Cerebral Ischemia. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:776. [PMID: 32848555 PMCID: PMC7423876 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, ferroptosis has been revealed as a new form of regulated cell death. Distinct from apoptosis and necrosis, ferroptosis is evoked by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, the metabolism of iron, lipids, and amino acids plays a significant regulatory role in ferroptosis, which can be reversed by glutathione peroxidase 4 and ferroptosis suppressor protein 1. Ferroptosis is implicated in the onset and development of numerous neurological diseases. Emerging studies have reported that ferroptosis induces and aggravates brain tissue damage following cerebral ischemia, whereas inhibition of ferroptosis dramatically attenuates induced damage. In this review, we have summarized the mechanistic relationship between ferroptosis and cerebral ischemia, including through iron overload, downregulation of glutathione peroxidase 4, and upregulation of lipid peroxidation. Although considerable attention has been paid to the effect of ferroptosis on cerebral ischemic injury, specific mechanisms need to be experimentally confirmed, including how cerebral ischemia induces ferroptosis and how ferroptosis deteriorates cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu She
- Department of Physiology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Lan
- Department of Physiology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Haomei Tian
- Department of Physiology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Biao Tang
- Department of Physiology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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164
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Light: An Alternative Method for Physical Control of Postharvest Rotting Caused by Fungi of Citrus Fruit. J FOOD QUALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/8821346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Solar light has fundamental roles in vast chemical, biochemical, and physical process in biosphere and hence been declared as “source of life.” Solar light is further classified into a broad range of electromagnetic waves, and each region in the solar spectrum bears its unique actions in the universe or biosphere. Since centuries, solar light is believed as a potent source of killing pathogens causing postharvest losses on food products as well as human skin diseases. Citrus fruit crops are widely produced and consumed across the world, but due to their higher juicy contents, Penicillium italicum (blue mold) and Penicillium digitatum (green mold) make their entry to decay fruits and cause approximately 80% and 30% fruit losses, respectively. Agrochemicals or synthetic fungicides are highly efficient to control these postharvest fungal pathogens but have certain health concerns due to toxic environmental residues. Therefore, the scientific community is ever looking for some physical ways to eradicate such postharvest fungal pathogens and reduce the yield losses along with maintaining the public health concerns. This review article presents and discusses existing available information about the positive and negative impacts of different spectrums of solar light exposure on the postharvest storage of citrus fruits, especially to check citrus postharvest rotting caused by Penicillium italicum (blue mold) and Penicillium digitatum (green mold). Moreover, a special focus shall be paid to blue light (390–500 nm), which efficiently reduces the decay of fruits, while keeping the host tissues/cells healthy with no known cytotoxicity, killing the fungal pathogen probably by ferroptosis, but indepth knowledge is scanty. The study defines how to develop commercial applications of light in the postharvest citrus industry.
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165
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Minagawa S, Yoshida M, Araya J, Hara H, Imai H, Kuwano K. Regulated Necrosis in Pulmonary Disease. A Focus on Necroptosis and Ferroptosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 62:554-562. [PMID: 32017592 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0337tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, increasing evidence suggests the possible involvement of various types of cell death in lung diseases. The recognized regulated cell death includes necrotic cell death that is immunogenic, releasing damage-associated molecular patterns and driving tissue inflammation. Necroptosis is a well-understood form of regulated necrosis that is executed by RIPK3 (receptor-interacting protein kinase 3) and the pseudokinase MLKL (mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein). Ferroptosis is a newly described caspase-independent form of regulated necrosis that is characterized by the increase of detrimental lipid reactive oxygen species produced via iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. The role of these two cell death pathways differs depending on the disease, cell type, and microenvironment. Moreover, some experimental cell death models have demonstrated shared ferroptotic and necroptotic cell death and the synergistic effect of simultaneous inhibition. This review examines the role of regulated necrotic cell death, particularly necroptosis and ferroptosis, in lung disease pathogenesis in the context of recent insights into the roles of the key effector molecules of these two cell death pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Minagawa
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Masahiro Yoshida
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Jun Araya
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Hiromichi Hara
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Hirotaka Imai
- Laboratory of Hygienic Chemistry and Medicinal Research Laboratories, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kuwano
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
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166
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Lin J, Li J, Shu M, Wu W, Zhang W, Dou Q, Wu J, Zeng X. The rCC16 Protein Protects Against LPS-Induced Cell Apoptosis and Inflammatory Responses in Human Lung Pneumocytes. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1060. [PMID: 32760279 PMCID: PMC7371929 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Our previous clinical study showed that low lung levels of CC16 strongly influence the occurrence and development of ARDS. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of rCC16 on LPS-induced inflammation in A549 cells and to determine its mechanism. Methods Cell apoptosis and inflammation was induced by LPS stimulation. The cytotoxic effect of rCC16 was evaluated using the MTT assay. Cytokine levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The molecular mechanism of rCC16 was investigated by analyzing relevant signaling pathways. Results The LPS treatment of A549 cells significantly decreased cell viability, increased the levels of the apoptotic proteins Bax, Bak and Cleaved Caspase-3, the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and the expression levels of TLR4, p-NF/κB, MAPK proteins. While the levels of Bcl-2, p-AKT, p-mTOR, p-ERK1/2, NF/κB, p-AMPK, and p-p38 were significantly decreased in LPS-treated A549 cells. Our experimental results also confirmed that rCC16 inhibited LPS-induced apoptosis, promoted A549 cell proliferation by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/ERK1/2 pathway, and inhibited the release of certain inflammatory factors, especially HMGB1, through dephosphorylation and inactivation of the TLR4/NF-κB/AMPK signaling pathways. Conclusion These results highlight the potential utility of CC16 as an important cytokine for the prevention or treatment of inflammation and show that CC16 may play an important role in the future clinical treatment of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinle Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shenzhen Baoan First People's Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiemei Li
- Center Laboratory of Longhua Branch and Department of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Min Shu
- Emergency Department, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weigang Wu
- Center Laboratory of Longhua Branch and Department of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenwu Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shenzhen Baoan First People's Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qingli Dou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shenzhen Baoan First People's Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobin Zeng
- Center Laboratory of Longhua Branch and Department of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Medicine School of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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167
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The emerging role of ferroptosis in non-cancer liver diseases: hype or increasing hope? Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:518. [PMID: 32647111 PMCID: PMC7347946 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2732-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron- and lipotoxicity-dependent form of regulated cell death (RCD). It is morphologically and biochemically distinct from characteristics of other cell death. This modality has been intensively investigated in recent years due to its involvement in a wide array of pathologies, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and acute kidney injury. Dysregulation of ferroptosis has also been linked to various liver diseases and its modification may provide a hopeful and attractive therapeutic concept. Indeed, targeting ferroptosis may prevent the pathophysiological progression of several liver diseases, such as hemochromatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and ethanol-induced liver injury. On the contrary, enhancing ferroptosis may promote sorafenib-induced ferroptosis and pave the way for combination therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) and system xc− have been identified as key players to mediate ferroptosis pathway. More recently diverse signaling pathways have also been observed. The connection between ferroptosis and other forms of RCD is intricate and compelling, where discoveries in this field advance our understanding of cell survival and fate. In this review, we summarize the central molecular machinery of ferroptosis, describe the role of ferroptosis in non-cancer hepatic disease conditions and discuss the potential to manipulate ferroptosis as a therapeutic strategy.
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168
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Huang H, Jin WW, Huang M, Ji H, Capen DE, Xia Y, Yuan J, Păunescu TG, Lu HAJ. Gentamicin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in an Animal Model Involves Programmed Necrosis of the Collecting Duct. J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 31:2097-2115. [PMID: 32641397 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2019020204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gentamicin is a potent aminoglycoside antibiotic that targets gram-negative bacteria, but nephrotoxicity limits its clinical application. The cause of gentamicin-induced AKI has been attributed mainly to apoptosis of the proximal tubule cells. However, blocking apoptosis only partially attenuates gentamicin-induced AKI in animals. METHODS Mice treated with gentamicin for 7 days developed AKI, and programmed cell death pathways were examined using pharmacologic inhibitors and in RIPK3-deficient mice. Effects in porcine and murine kidney cell lines were also examined. RESULTS Gentamicin caused a low level of apoptosis in the proximal tubules and significant ultrastructural alterations consistent with necroptosis, occurring predominantly in the collecting ducts (CDs), including cell and organelle swelling and rupture of the cell membrane. Upregulation of the key necroptotic signaling molecules, mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL) and receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 3 (RIPK3), was detected in gentamicin-treated mice and in cultured renal tubule cells. In addition, gentamicin induced apical accumulation of total and phosphorylated MLKL (pMLKL) in CDs in mouse kidney. Inhibiting a necroptotic protein, RIPK1, with necrostatin-1 (Nec-1), attenuated gentamicin-induced necrosis and upregulation of MLKL and RIPK3 in mice and cultured cells. Nec-1 also alleviated kidney inflammation and fibrosis, and significantly improved gentamicin-induced renal dysfunction in mice. Furthermore, deletion of RIPK3 in the Ripk3 -/- mice significantly attenuated gentamicin-induced AKI. CONCLUSIONS A previously unrecognized role of programmed necrosis in collecting ducts in gentamicin-induced kidney injury presents a potential new therapeutic strategy to alleviate gentamicin-induced AKI through inhibiting necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Huang
- Center for Systems Biology, Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - William W Jin
- Center for Systems Biology, Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ming Huang
- Center for Systems Biology, Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Heyu Ji
- Center for Systems Biology, Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Diane E Capen
- Center for Systems Biology, Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yin Xia
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junying Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Teodor G Păunescu
- Center for Systems Biology, Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hua A Jenny Lu
- Center for Systems Biology, Program in Membrane Biology and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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169
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Sepand MR, Ranjbar S, Kempson IM, Akbariani M, Muganda WCA, Müller M, Ghahremani MH, Raoufi M. Targeting non-apoptotic cell death in cancer treatment by nanomaterials: Recent advances and future outlook. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 29:102243. [PMID: 32623018 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Many tumors develop resistance to most of the apoptosis-based cancer therapies. In this sense targeting non-apoptotic forms of cell death including necroptosis, autophagy and ferroptosis may have therapeutic benefits in apoptosis-defective cancer cells. Nanomaterials have shown great advantages in cancer treatment owing to their unique characteristics. Besides, the capability of nanomaterials to induce different forms of cell death has gained widespread attention in cancer treatment. Reports in this field reflect the therapeutic potential of necroptotic cell death induced by nanomaterials in cancer. Also, autophagic cell death induced by nanomaterials alone and as a part of chemo-, radio- and photothermal therapy holds great promise as anticancer therapeutic option. Besides, ferroptosis induction by iron-based nanomaterials in drug delivery, immunotherapy, hyperthermia and imaging systems shows promising results in malignancies. Hence, this review is devoted to the latest efforts and the challenges in this field of research and its clinical merits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Sepand
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sheyda Ranjbar
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ivan M Kempson
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, SA, Australia
| | - Mostafa Akbariani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mareike Müller
- Physical Chemistry I and Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry (Cμ), University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ghahremani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Raoufi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Physical Chemistry I and Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry (Cμ), University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany.
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170
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Abstract
Acute occlusion of a coronary artery can result in myocardial infarction-a leading cause of premature death. Prompt restoration of blood flow to the myocardium can prevent excessive death of cardiomyocytes and improve clinical outcome. Although the major mechanism of cell death after reperfusion is necrosis, it is now recognized that many other cell death pathways may be involved in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Pyroptosis is one such cell death pathway that is caspase-1-dependent and induced in response to cellular insult. The activated caspase-1 protease cleaves and activates specific cellular targets including gasdermin D and the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and interleukin-18. The N-terminal fragment of gasdermin D forms plasma membrane pores resulting in cytosolic leakage and cell rupture, releasing interleukin-1β and interleukin-18. Evidence suggests that inflammation induced by I/R through the pyroptotic pathway contributes to cardiomyocyte death, excessive scar formation, and poor ventricular remodeling. For this reason, there is growing interest in targeting components of the pyroptotic pathway as a means of reducing I/R injury.
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171
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IGF-1 Deficiency Rescue and Intracellular Calcium Blockade Improves Survival and Corresponding Mechanisms in a Mouse Model of Acute Kidney Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114095. [PMID: 32521790 PMCID: PMC7312627 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to test two therapies for acute kidney injury (AKI) prevention, IGF-1, which is renal protective, and BTP-2, which is a calcium entry (SOCE) inhibitor. We utilized lipopolysaccharide (LPS) IP, as a systemic model of AKI and studied in five groups of animals. Three experiments showed that at 7 days: (1) LPS significantly reduced serum IGF-1 and intramuscular IGF-I in vivo gene therapy rescued this deficiency. (2) Next, at the 7-day time point, our combination therapy, compared to the untreated group, caused a significant increase in survival, which was noteworthy because all of the untreated animals died in 72 h. (3) The four pathways associated with inflammation, including (A) increase in cytosolic calcium, (B) elaboration of proinflammatory cytokines, (C) impairment of vascular integrity, and (D) cell injury, were adversely affected in renal tissue by LPS, using a sublethal dose of LPS. The expression of several genes was measured in each of the above pathways. The combined therapy of IGF-1 and BTP-2 caused a favorable gene expression response in all four pathways. Our current study was an AKI study, but these pathways are also involved in other types of severe inflammation, including sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and probably severe coronavirus infection.
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172
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Tomar B, Anders HJ, Desai J, Mulay SR. Neutrophils and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Drive Necroinflammation in COVID-19. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061383. [PMID: 32498376 PMCID: PMC7348784 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is progressing worldwide with an alarming death toll. There is an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies to combat potentially fatal complications. Distinctive clinical features of severe COVID-19 include acute respiratory distress syndrome, neutrophilia, and cytokine storm, along with severe inflammatory response syndrome or sepsis. Here, we propose the putative role of enhanced neutrophil infiltration and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps, complement activation and vascular thrombosis during necroinflammation in COVID-19. Furthermore, we discuss how neutrophilic inflammation contributes to the higher mortality of COVID-19 in patients with underlying co-morbidities such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. This perspective highlights neutrophils as a putative target for the immunopathologic complications of severely ill COVID-19 patients. Development of the novel therapeutic strategies targeting neutrophils may help reduce the overall disease fatality rate of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Tomar
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India;
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV University Hospital LMU, 80336 Munich, Germany;
| | - Jyaysi Desai
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Shrikant R. Mulay
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India;
- Correspondence:
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173
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Caravaca-Fontán F, Fernández-Juárez G, Praga M. Acute kidney injury in interstitial nephritis. Curr Opin Crit Care 2020; 25:558-564. [PMID: 31503026 DOI: 10.1097/mcc.0000000000000654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to describe the most common causes of acute interstitial nephritis (AIN), the diagnostic work-up and the therapeutic management. RECENT FINDINGS Several case series and registries have found an increasing incidence of AIN, especially among older patients. Drug-induced AIN still represents the most common cause. Early withdrawal of the culprit drug together with corticosteroid therapy remain the mainstay of treatment, although recent studies have shown that prolonged treatment beyond 8 weeks does not further improve kidney function recovery. SUMMARY AIN is a common cause of acute kidney injury, and therefore, physicians should suspect this entity especially in patients exposed to multiple medications. While immune-allergic reaction to numerous drugs is the most common cause of AIN, other underlying systemic diseases may also be involved, and therefore, every patient should undergo a complete diagnostic evaluation. Kidney biopsy provides the definitive diagnosis of AIN, and certain histologic features may help to identify the underlying condition. In drug-induced AIN, an early discontinuation of the culprit drug is the mainstay of therapy, and unless a rapid recovery of kidney function is observed, a course of glucocorticoid therapy should be initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Caravaca-Fontán
- Department of Nephrology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (i+12).,Department of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid
| | - Gema Fernández-Juárez
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Manuel Praga
- Department of Nephrology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (i+12).,Department of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid
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174
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Bayır H, Anthonymuthu TS, Tyurina YY, Patel SJ, Amoscato AA, Lamade AM, Yang Q, Vladimirov GK, Philpott CC, Kagan VE. Achieving Life through Death: Redox Biology of Lipid Peroxidation in Ferroptosis. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:387-408. [PMID: 32275865 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Redox balance is essential for normal brain, hence dis-coordinated oxidative reactions leading to neuronal death, including programs of regulated death, are commonly viewed as an inevitable pathogenic penalty for acute neuro-injury and neurodegenerative diseases. Ferroptosis is one of these programs triggered by dyshomeostasis of three metabolic pillars: iron, thiols, and polyunsaturated phospholipids. This review focuses on: (1) lipid peroxidation (LPO) as the major instrument of cell demise, (2) iron as its catalytic mechanism, and (3) thiols as regulators of pro-ferroptotic signals, hydroperoxy lipids. Given the central role of LPO, we discuss the engagement of selective and specific enzymatic pathways versus random free radical chemical reactions in the context of the phospholipid substrates, their biosynthesis, intracellular location, and related oxygenating machinery as participants in ferroptotic cascades. These concepts are discussed in the light of emerging neuro-therapeutic approaches controlling intracellular production of pro-ferroptotic phospholipid signals and their non-cell-autonomous spreading, leading to ferroptosis-associated necroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hülya Bayır
- Children's Neuroscience Institute, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA; Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
| | - Tamil S Anthonymuthu
- Children's Neuroscience Institute, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA; Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Yulia Y Tyurina
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Sarju J Patel
- Genetics and Metabolism Section, Liver Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Andrew A Amoscato
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Andrew M Lamade
- Children's Neuroscience Institute, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA; Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Qin Yang
- Children's Neuroscience Institute, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA; Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Georgy K Vladimirov
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Caroline C Philpott
- Genetics and Metabolism Section, Liver Diseases Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- Children's Neuroscience Institute, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA; Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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175
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Drug-induced tubulointerstitial nephritis: hypersensitivity and necroinflammatory pathways. Pediatr Nephrol 2020; 35:547-554. [PMID: 30820701 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-019-04207-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
More than 250 drugs carry a small but important dose-independent risk of initiating a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction that leads to acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN). Clinical manifestations are often non-specific, making epidemiological studies challenging. In severe cases, if cessation of the offending drug is not followed by a prompt improvement in renal function, corticosteroid therapy appears to enhance renal recovery rates. Other drugs, classified as potential nephrotoxins, may induce dose-dependent acute tubular necrosis. Studies over the past decade have identified a unique form of tubular cell death called "necroptosis" that is accompanied by a specific and significant interstitial inflammatory response to certain insults, including some nephrotoxins. Insights into the molecular basis of this necroinflammatory pathway have emerged. There is still a paucity of pediatric data on these two distinct types of drug-induced TIN. Early recognition is essential to minimize the risk of chronic kidney damage.
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176
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Minsart C, Liefferinckx C, Lemmers A, Dressen C, Quertinmont E, Leclercq I, Devière J, Moreau R, Gustot T. New insights in acetaminophen toxicity: HMGB1 contributes by itself to amplify hepatocyte necrosis in vitro through the TLR4-TRIF-RIPK3 axis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5557. [PMID: 32221312 PMCID: PMC7101425 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61270-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular release of HMGB1 contributes to acetaminophen-induced liver injury. HMGB1 acts as a danger-associated molecular patterns during this toxic process but the mechanisms of action and targeted cells are incompletely defined. Here we studied, in vitro, the role of HMGB1 in amplifying the acetaminophen-induced hepatocyte necrosis process. Using cultured HepaRG cells, primary human hepatocytes and selective chemical inhibitors we evaluated acetaminophen-induced toxicity. We confirmed that addition of acetaminophen induced HepaRG cell death and HMGB1 release. We showed that inhibition of HMGB1 decreased acetaminophen-induced HepaRG cell death, suggesting a feedforward effect. We provide the first evidence that exposure of HepaRG cells to recombinant human HMGB1 (rhHMGB1) also resulted in cell death. Moreover, we found that both acetaminophen and rhHMGB1 induced programmed HepaRG cell necrosis through a RIPK3-dependent mechanism. By using TLR4 blocking antibody, we demonstrated the reduction of the HepaRG cell death induced by acetaminophen and rhHMGB1. Furthermore, inhibition of TRIF, known to induce a RIPK3-dependent cell death, reduced rhHMGB1-induced HepaRG cell death. Our data support that released HMGB1 from acetaminophen-stressed hepatocytes induced necrosis of neighboring hepatocytes by TLR4-TRIF-RIPK3- pathway. This in vitro study gives new insights in the role of HMGB1 in the amplification of acetaminophen-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Minsart
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Claire Liefferinckx
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Lemmers
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology, HepatoPancreatology and Digestive Oncology, C.U.B. Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cindy Dressen
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric Quertinmont
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Leclercq
- Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jacques Devière
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology, HepatoPancreatology and Digestive Oncology, C.U.B. Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Richard Moreau
- Inserm Unité 1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'inflammation [CRI], Paris, France
- UMR S_1149, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
- DHU UNITY, Service d'Hépatologie, Hôpital Beaujon, APHP, Clichy, France
| | - Thierry Gustot
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
- Department of Gastroenterology, HepatoPancreatology and Digestive Oncology, C.U.B. Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
- UMR S_1149, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
- DHU UNITY, Service d'Hépatologie, Hôpital Beaujon, APHP, Clichy, France.
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177
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Corradetti V, Comai G, Ravaioli M, Cuna V, Aiello V, Odaldi F, Angeletti A, Capelli I, La Manna G. Iloprost in Acute Post-kidney Transplant Atheroembolism: A Case Report of Two Successful Treatments. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:41. [PMID: 32181252 PMCID: PMC7059607 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol embolization (CE) is a rare and alarming post-transplant complication, responsible for primary non-function (PNF) or delayed graft function (DGF). Its incidence is expected to rise due to increasingly old donors and recipients and the extended criteria for donation. Therapy with statins and steroids has not been shown to be effective, while agonism of prostaglandin I2 has been reported to be useful in systemic CE. We report two cases of acute post-transplant CE in which intravenous iloprost (0.05 mg/kg/day) was added to standard statin and steroid therapy. In the first instance, CE was due to embolization from the kidney artery resulting in embolization of the small vessels; after a long DGF and 15 days of iloprost therapy, renal function recovered. The second instance is a case of embolization from the iliac artery of the recipient, where CE manifested as a partial renal infarction. After 5 days of iloprost administration, creatinine levels improved. Iloprost acts on vasodilation and on different inflammatory pathways, improving the anti-inflammatory profile. Post-transplant CE is difficult to diagnose and, if not treated, can lead to loss of function. Iloprost added to standard therapy could be beneficial in accelerating renal function recovery immediately after transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Corradetti
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, St. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgia Comai
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, St. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Ravaioli
- Unit of General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vania Cuna
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, St. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valeria Aiello
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, St. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Odaldi
- Unit of General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Angeletti
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, St. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Irene Capelli
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, St. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gaetano La Manna
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, St. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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178
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He TT, Zhou Y, Liu YL, Li DY, Nie P, Li AH, Xie HX. Edwardsiella piscicida
type III protein EseJ suppresses apoptosis through down regulating type 1 fimbriae, which stimulate the cleavage of caspase‐8. Cell Microbiol 2020; 22:e13193. [DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Ying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Ying Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Duan You Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Pin Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and BiotechnologyPilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao) Qingdao China
- School of Marine Science and EngineeringQingdao Agricultural University Qingdao China
| | - Ai Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
| | - Hai Xia Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China
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179
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Kawashima M, Juvet SC. The role of innate immunity in the long-term outcome of lung transplantation. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:412. [PMID: 32355856 PMCID: PMC7186608 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.03.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Long-term survival after lung transplantation remains suboptimal due to chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), a progressive scarring process affecting the graft. Although anti-donor alloimmunity is central to the pathogenesis of CLAD, its underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated and it is neither preventable nor treatable using currently available immunosuppression. Recent evidence has shown that innate immune stimuli are fundamental to the development of CLAD. Here, we examine long-standing assumptions and new concepts linking innate immune activation to late lung allograft fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuaki Kawashima
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen C Juvet
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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180
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Makki MS, Winfree S, Lingeman JE, Witzmann FA, Worcester EM, Krambeck AE, Coe FL, Evan AP, Bledsoe S, Bergsland KJ, Khochare S, Barwinska D, Williams JC, El-Achkar TM. A Precision Medicine Approach Uncovers a Unique Signature of Neutrophils in Patients With Brushite Kidney Stones. Kidney Int Rep 2020; 5:663-677. [PMID: 32405588 PMCID: PMC7210605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.02.1025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction We have previously found that papillary histopathology differs greatly between calcium oxalate and brushite stone formers (SF); the latter have much more papillary mineral deposition, tubular cell injury, and tissue fibrosis. Methods In this study, we applied unbiased orthogonal omics approaches on biopsied renal papillae and extracted stones from patients with brushite or calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones. Our goal was to discover stone type-specific molecular signatures to advance our understanding of the underlying pathogenesis. Results Brushite SF did not differ from CaOx SF with respect to metabolic risk factors for stones but did exhibit increased tubule plugging in their papillae. Brushite SF had upregulation of inflammatory pathways in papillary tissue and increased neutrophil markers in stone matrix compared with those with CaOx stones. Large-scale 3-dimensional tissue cytometry on renal papillary biopsies showed an increase in the number and density of neutrophils in the papillae of patients with brushite versus CaOx, thereby linking the observed inflammatory signatures to the neutrophils in the tissue. To explain how neutrophil proteins appear in the stone matrix, we measured neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation—NETosis—and found it significantly increased in the papillae of patients with brushite stones compared with CaOx stones. Conclusion We show that increased neutrophil infiltration and NETosis is an unrecognized factor that differentiates brushite and CaOx SF and may explain the markedly increased scarring and inflammation seen in the papillae of patients with brushite stones. Given the increasing prevalence of brushite stones, the role of neutrophil activation in brushite stone formation requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shahidul Makki
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Seth Winfree
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - James E Lingeman
- Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Frank A Witzmann
- Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Elaine M Worcester
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Amy E Krambeck
- Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Fredric L Coe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrew P Evan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Sharon Bledsoe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Kristin J Bergsland
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Suraj Khochare
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Daria Barwinska
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - James C Williams
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Tarek M El-Achkar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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181
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Holderied A, Kraft F, Marschner JA, Weidenbusch M, Anders HJ. "Point of no return" in unilateral renal ischemia reperfusion injury in mice. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:34. [PMID: 32059667 PMCID: PMC7023741 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-020-0623-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the past years evidence has been growing about the interconnection of chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized, that a threshold ischemia time in unilateral ischemia/reperfusion injury sets an extent of ischemic tubule necrosis, which as “point of no return” leads to progressive injury. This progress is temporarily associated by increased markers of inflammation and results in fibrosis and atrophy of the ischemic kidney. Methods Acute tubule necrosis was induced by unilateral ischemia/reperfusion injury in male C57BL/6 N mice with different ischemia times (15, 25, 35, and 45 min). At multiple time points between 15 min and 5 weeks we assessed gene expression of markers for injury, inflammation, and fibrosis, histologically the injury of tubules, cell death (TUNEL), macrophages, neutrophil influx and kidney atrophy. Results Unilateral ischemia for 15 and 25 min induced upregulation of markers for injury after reperfusion for 24 h but no upregulation after 5 weeks. None of the markers for inflammation or fibrosis were upregulated after ischemia for 15 and 25 min at 24 h or 5 weeks on a gene expression level, except for Il-6. Ischemia for 35 and 45 min consistently induced upregulation of markers for inflammation, injury, and partially of fibrosis (Tgf-β1 and Col1a1) at 24 h and 5 weeks. The threshold ischemia time for persistent injury of 35 min induced a temporal association of markers for inflammation and injury with peaks between 6 h and 7 d along the course of 10 d. This ischemia time also induced persistent cell death (TUNEL) throughout observation for 5 weeks with a peak at 6 h and progressing kidney atrophy beginning 7 d after ischemia. Conclusions This study confirms the evidence of a threshold extent of ischemic injury in which markers of injury, inflammation and fibrosis do not decline to baseline but remain upregulated assessed in long term outcome (5 weeks). Excess of this threshold as “point of no return” leads to persistent cell death and progressing atrophy and is characterized by a temporal association of markers for inflammation and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Holderied
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Franziska Kraft
- Medizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Marc Weidenbusch
- Medizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Medizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
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182
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Landau SI, Guo X, Velazquez H, Torres R, Olson E, Garcia-Milian R, Moeckel GW, Desir GV, Safirstein R. Regulated necrosis and failed repair in cisplatin-induced chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2020; 95:797-814. [PMID: 30904067 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is an effective chemotherapeutic agent, but significant nephrotoxicity limits its clinical use. Despite extensive investigation of the acute cellular and molecular responses to cisplatin, the mechanisms of progression from acute to chronic kidney injury have not been explored. We used functional and morphological metrics to establish a time-point when the transition from acute and reversible kidney injury to chronic and irreparable kidney disease is clearly established. In mice administered 1 or 2 doses of intraperitoneal cisplatin separated by 2 weeks, kidney function returned toward baseline two weeks after the first dose, but failed to return to normal two weeks following a second dose. Multiphoton microscopy revealed increased glomerular epithelial and proximal tubular damage in kidneys exposed to two doses of cisplatin compared with those exposed to a single dose. In contrast, there was no evidence of fibrosis, macrophage invasion, or decrease in endothelial cell mass in chronically diseased kidneys. Pathway analysis of microarray data revealed regulated necrosis as a key determinant in the development of chronic kidney disease after cisplatin administration. Western blot analysis demonstrated activation of proteins involved in necroptosis and increased expression of kidney injury markers, cellular stress response regulators, and upstream activators of regulated necrosis, including Toll-like receptors 2 and 4. These data suggest that unresolved injury and sustained activation of regulated necrosis pathways, rather than fibrosis, promote the progression of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah I Landau
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Xiaojia Guo
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Heino Velazquez
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Richard Torres
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Eben Olson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rolando Garcia-Milian
- Curriculum and Research Support Department, Cushing/Whitney Medical Library, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Gilbert W Moeckel
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Gary V Desir
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Robert Safirstein
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA.
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183
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Abstract
Despite an increase in the rates of survival in patients suffering myocardial infarction, as yet there is no therapy specifically targeting ischaemia and reperfusion injury of the myocardium. With a greater understanding of immune activation during infarction, more potential treatment targets are now being identified. The innate immune system is believed to play an important role in the myocardium after ischaemia-driven cardiomyocyte death. The release of intracellular contents including DNA into the extracellular space during necrosis and cell rupture is now believed to create a pro-inflammatory milieu which propagates the inflammatory process. DNA and DNA fragments have been shown to activate the innate immune system by acting as Danger-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs), which act as ligands on toll-like receptors (TLRs). Stimulation of TLRs, in turn, can activate intracellular cell death pathways such as pyroptosis. Here, we review the role of DNA fragments during ischaemia and reperfusion, and assess their potential as a target in the quest to preserve cardiomyocyte viability following myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Shah
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Derek M Yellon
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, UK.
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184
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Tutunea-Fatan E, Lee JC, Denker BM, Gunaratnam L. Heterotrimeric Gα 12/13 proteins in kidney injury and disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F660-F672. [PMID: 31984793 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00453.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Gα12 and Gα13 are ubiquitous members of the heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein) family that play central and integrative roles in the regulation of signal transduction cascades within various cell types in the kidney. Gα12/Gα13 proteins enable the kidney to adapt to an ever-changing environment by transducing stimuli from cell surface receptors and accessory proteins to effector systems. Therefore, perturbations in Gα12/Gα13 levels or their activity can contribute to the pathogenesis of various renal diseases, including renal cancer. This review will highlight and discuss the complex and expanding roles of Gα12/Gα13 proteins on distinct renal pathologies, with emphasis on more recently reported findings. Deciphering how the different Gα12/Gα13 interaction networks participate in the onset and development of renal diseases may lead to the discovery of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tutunea-Fatan
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplant Studies, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jasper C Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bradley M Denker
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lakshman Gunaratnam
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplant Studies, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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185
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Pretreatment with Roxadustat (FG-4592) Attenuates Folic Acid-Induced Kidney Injury through Antiferroptosis via Akt/GSK-3 β/Nrf2 Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6286984. [PMID: 32051732 PMCID: PMC6995323 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6286984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Folic acid- (FA-) induced kidney injury is characterized by the tubule damage due to the disturbance of the antioxidant system and subsequent interstitial fibrosis. FG-4592 is an inhibitor of prolyl hydroxylase of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), an antioxidant factor. The present study investigated the protective role of FG-4592 pretreatment at the early stage of the kidney injury and long-term impact on the progression of renal fibrosis. FG-4592 was administrated two days before FA injection in mice. On the second day after FA injection, the mice with FG-4592 pretreatment showed an improved renal function, compared with those without FG-4592 pretreatment, indicated by biochemical and histological parameters; meanwhile, the cellular content of iron, malondialdehyde, and 4-hydroxynonenal histologically decreased, implying the suppression of iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Simultaneously, upregulation of HIF-1α was found, along with Nrf2 activation, which was reflected by increased nuclear translocation and high-expression of downstream proteins, including heme-oxygenase1, glutathione peroxidase4, and cystine/glutamate transporter, as well as ferroportin. Correspondingly, the elevated levels of antioxidative enzymes and glutathione, as well as reduced iron accumulation, were observed, suggesting a lower risk of occurrence of ferroptosis with FG-4592 pretreatment. This was confirmed by reversed pathological parameters and improved renal function in FA-treated mice with the administration of ferrostatin-1, a specific ferroptosis inhibitor. Furthermore, a signal pathway study indicated that Nrf2 activation was associated with increased phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β, verified by the use of an inhibitor of the PI3K that phosphorylates Akt. Moreover, FG-4592 pretreatment also decreased macrophage infiltration and expression of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β. On the 14th day after FA injection, FG-4592 pretreatment decreased collagen deposition and expression of fibrosis biomarkers. These findings suggest that the protective role of FG-4592 pretreatment is achieved mainly by decreasing ferroptosis at the early stage of FA-induced kidney injury via Akt/GSK-3β-mediated Nrf2 activation, which retards the fibrosis progression.
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186
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Tumor necrosis factor-driven cell death in donor organ as a barrier to immunological tolerance. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2020; 24:12-19. [PMID: 30507704 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0000000000000599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Regulated cell death (RCD) is likely to play a role in organ rejection but it is unclear how it may be invoked. A well-known trigger of regulated cell death is tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), which activates both caspase-dependent apoptosis and caspase-independent necroptosis. TNF is best known as a pro-inflammatory cytokine because it activates NFκB and MAPK signaling to induce expression of pro-inflammatory genes. RECENT FINDINGS Emerging data from animal models now suggest that TNF-induced cell death can also be inflammatory. Therefore, the role of cellular demise in regulating immunity should be considered. In transplantation, TNF could have a role in cellular injury or death from ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury and this may dictate organ survival. The default response to TNF in most cells is survival, rather than death, because of the presence of cell death checkpoints. However, cells succumb to TNF-driven death when these checkpoints are disrupted, and sensitivity to death likely reflects a reduction in molecules that fortify these checkpoints. We propose that a cell's propensity to die in response to TNF may underlie allograft rejection. SUMMARY Genetic, epigenetic, and posttranslational control of death checkpoint regulators in donor tissues may determine graft survival. Therapeutically, drugs that prevent donor cell demise could be useful in preventing organ rejection.
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187
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Bebber CM, Müller F, Prieto Clemente L, Weber J, von Karstedt S. Ferroptosis in Cancer Cell Biology. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010164. [PMID: 31936571 PMCID: PMC7016816 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A major hallmark of cancer is successful evasion of regulated forms of cell death. Ferroptosis is a recently discovered type of regulated necrosis which, unlike apoptosis or necroptosis, is independent of caspase activity and receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIPK1) kinase activity. Instead, ferroptotic cells die following iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, a process which is antagonised by glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1). Importantly, tumour cells escaping other forms of cell death have been suggested to maintain or acquire sensitivity to ferroptosis. Therefore, therapeutic exploitation of ferroptosis in cancer has received increasing attention. Here, we systematically review current literature on ferroptosis signalling, cross-signalling to cellular metabolism in cancer and a potential role for ferroptosis in tumour suppression and tumour immunology. By summarising current findings on cell biology relevant to ferroptosis in cancer, we aim to point out new conceptual avenues for utilising ferroptosis in systemic treatment approaches for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M. Bebber
- Department of Translational Genomics, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Weyertal 155b, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (C.M.B.); (F.M.); (L.P.C.); (J.W.)
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Fabienne Müller
- Department of Translational Genomics, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Weyertal 155b, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (C.M.B.); (F.M.); (L.P.C.); (J.W.)
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Laura Prieto Clemente
- Department of Translational Genomics, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Weyertal 155b, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (C.M.B.); (F.M.); (L.P.C.); (J.W.)
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Josephine Weber
- Department of Translational Genomics, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Weyertal 155b, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (C.M.B.); (F.M.); (L.P.C.); (J.W.)
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Silvia von Karstedt
- Department of Translational Genomics, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Weyertal 155b, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (C.M.B.); (F.M.); (L.P.C.); (J.W.)
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)221-4788-4340
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188
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Lambert IH, Nielsen D, Stürup S. Impact of the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A on active uptake, volume-sensitive release of taurine, and cell fate in human ovarian cancer cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C581-C597. [PMID: 31913698 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00460.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) reduces cell viability in cisplatin-sensitive (A2780WT) and cisplatin-resistant (A2780RES) human ovarian cancer cells due to progression of apoptosis (increased caspase-9 activity), autophagy (increased LC3-II expression), and cell cycle arrest (increased p21 expression). The TSA-mediated effect on p21 and caspase-9 is mainly p53 independent. Cisplatin increases DNA-damage (histone H2AX phosphorylation) in A2780WT cells, whereas cisplatin, due to reduced uptake [inductively coupled-plasma-mass spectrometry (Pt) analysis], has no DNA-damaging effect in A2780RES cells. TSA has no effect on cisplatin accumulation or cisplatin-induced DNA-damage in A2780WT/A2780RES cells. Tracer technique indicates that TSA inhibits the volume-sensitive organic anion channel (VSOAC) in A2780WT/A2780RES cells and that the activity is restored by exogenous H2O2. As TSA reduces NOX4 mRNA accumulation and concomitantly increases catalase mRNA/protein accumulation, we suggest that TSA increases the antioxidative defense in A2780 cells. Inhibition of the kinase mTOR (rapamycin, palomid, siRNA), which is normally associated with cell growth, reduces VSOAC activity synergistically to TSA. However, as TSA increases mTOR activity (phosphorylation of 4EBP1, S6 kinase, S6, ULK1, SGK1), the effect of TSA on VSOAC activity does not reflect the shift in mTOR signaling. Upregulation of the protein expression and activity of the taurine transporter (TauT) is a phenotypic characteristic of A2780RES cells. However, TSA reduces TauT protein expression in A2780RES cells and activity to values seen in A2780WT cells. It is suggested that therapeutic benefits of TSA in A2780 do not imply facilitation of cisplatin uptake but more likely a synergistic activation of apoptosis/autophagy and reduced TauT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Henry Lambert
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dorthe Nielsen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stefan Stürup
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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189
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Mulay SR, Steiger S, Shi C, Anders HJ. A guide to crystal-related and nano- or microparticle-related tissue responses. FEBS J 2020; 287:818-832. [PMID: 31829497 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Crystals and nano- and microparticles form inside the human body from intrinsic proteins, minerals, or metabolites or enter the body as particulate matter from occupational and environmental sources. Associated tissue injuries and diseases mostly develop from cellular responses to such crystal deposits and include inflammation, cell necrosis, granuloma formation, tissue fibrosis, and stone-related obstruction of excretory organs. But how do crystals and nano- and microparticles trigger these biological processes? Which pathomechanisms are identical across different particle types, sizes, and shapes? In addition, which mechanisms are specific to the atomic or molecular structure of crystals or to specific sizes or shapes? Do specific cellular or molecular mechanisms qualify as target for therapeutic interventions? Here, we provide a guide to approach this diverse and multidisciplinary research domain. We give an overview about the clinical spectrum of crystallopathies, about shared and specific pathomechanisms as a conceptual overview before digging deeper into the specialty field of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrikant R Mulay
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Stefanie Steiger
- Renal Division, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Chongxu Shi
- Renal Division, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Renal Division, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU Munich, Germany
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190
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Yamazaki T, Buqué A, Rybstein M, Chen J, Sato A, Galluzzi L. Methods to Detect Immunogenic Cell Death In Vivo. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2055:433-452. [PMID: 31502164 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9773-2_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In response to selected stressors, cancer cells can undergo a form of regulated cell death that-in immunocompetent syngeneic hosts-is capable of eliciting an adaptive immune response specific for dead cell-associated antigens. Thus, such variant of regulated cell death manifests with robust antigenicity and adjuvanticity. As compared to their normal counterparts, malignant cells are highly antigenic per se, implying that they express a variety of antigens that are not covered by central tolerance. However, the precise modality through which cancer cells die in response to stress has a major influence on adjuvanticity. Moreover, the adjuvanticity threshold to productively drive anticancer immune responses is considerably lower in tumor-naïve hosts as compared to their tumor-bearing counterparts, largely reflecting the establishment of peripheral tolerance to malignant lesions in the latter (but not in the former). So far, no cellular biomarker or combination thereof has been found to reliably predict the ability of cancer cell death to initiate antitumor immunity. Thus, although some surrogate biomarkers of adjuvanticity can be used for screening purposes, the occurrence of bona fide immunogenic cell death (ICD) can only be ascertained in vivo. Here, we describe two methods that can be harnessed to straightforwardly determine the immunogenicity of mouse cancer cells succumbing to stress in both tumor-naïve and tumor-bearing hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yamazaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aitziber Buqué
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marissa Rybstein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ai Sato
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA. .,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France.
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191
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Inhibition of HMGB1 Promotes Osseointegration under Hyperglycemic Condition through Improvement of BMSC Dysfunction. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1703709. [PMID: 31929852 PMCID: PMC6939424 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1703709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) participates actively in oxidative stress damage and the latter relates closely to diabetic complications, including poor implant osseointegration. This article is aimed at investigating the effects of HMGB1 on dysfunction of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and impaired osseointegration under diabetic environment. In vitro, BMSCs were treated with normal glucose (NG), high glucose (HG), and HG+glycyrrhizin (HMGB1 inhibitor, HG+GL). Cell proliferation, osteogenic behaviors, and oxidative stress were determined. In vivo, 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were categorized to control, streptozotocin-induced diabetic, and diabetic-GL groups. Rats received GL (50 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle treatment daily after titanium implants were planted into the tibiae. After 4 and 8 weeks, plasma lipoperoxide detection, μCT analysis, and histomorphometric evaluation were conducted. By these approaches, we demonstrated that inhibiting HMGB1 by GL significantly attenuated HG-induced upregulation of HMGB1, HMGB1 ligand receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and their interaction, relieved oxidative stress, and reversed the downregulation of osteogenic markers, resulting in improved osteogenic differentiation. In diabetic rats, GL administration suppressed the upregulation of HMGB1, attenuated the lipoperoxide, and ameliorated the impaired trabecular structure and osseointegration. Taken together, inhibiting HMGB1 can be an effective approach to relieve BMSC dysfunction and enhance osseointegration under diabetic environment.
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192
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Zhang L, Fu X, Gui T, Wang T, Wang Z, Kullak-Ublick GA, Gai Z. Effects of Farnesiferol B on Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Renal Damage, Inflammation, and NF-κB Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246280. [PMID: 31842453 PMCID: PMC6940812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor (TGR5), a membrane bile acid receptor, regulates macrophage reactivity, and attenuates inflammation in different disease models. However, the regulatory effects of TGR5 in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced kidney injury and inflammation have not yet been extensively studied. Therefore, we hypothesize that Farnesiferol B, a natural TGR5 agonist, could alleviate renal I/R injury by reducing inflammation and macrophage migration through activating TGR5. Methods: Mice were treated with Farnesiferol B before I/R or sham procedures. Renal function, pathological analysis, and inflammatory mediators were examined. In vitro, the regulatory effects of Farnesiferol B on the Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway in macrophages were investigated. Results: After I/R, Farnesiferol B-treated mice displayed better renal function and less tubular damage. Farnesiferol B reduced renal oxidative stress and inflammation significantly. In vitro, Farnesiferol B treatment alleviated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage migration and activation, as well as LPS-induced NF-κB activation through TGR5. Conclusions: Farnesiferol B could protect kidney function from I/R-induced damage by attenuating inflammation though activating TGR5 in macrophages. Farnesiferol B might be a potent TGR5 ligand for the treatment of I/R-induced renal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shandong Co-innovation Center of TCM Formula; Institute for Literature and Culture of Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xianjun Fu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shandong Co-innovation Center of TCM Formula; Institute for Literature and Culture of Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Ting Gui
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shandong Co-innovation Center of TCM Formula; Institute for Literature and Culture of Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shandong Co-innovation Center of TCM Formula; Institute for Literature and Culture of Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zhenguo Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shandong Co-innovation Center of TCM Formula; Institute for Literature and Culture of Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Gerd A. Kullak-Ublick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
- Mechanistic Safety, CMO & Patient Safety, Global Drug Development, Novartis Pharma, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (G.A.K.-U.); (Z.G.); Tel.: +43-253-31-45
| | - Zhibo Gai
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shandong Co-innovation Center of TCM Formula; Institute for Literature and Culture of Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (G.A.K.-U.); (Z.G.); Tel.: +43-253-31-45
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193
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Popper B, Rammer MT, Gasparitsch M, Singer T, Keller U, Döring Y, Lange-Sperandio B. Neonatal obstructive nephropathy induces necroptosis and necroinflammation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18600. [PMID: 31819111 PMCID: PMC6901532 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55079-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract obstruction during kidney development causes tubular apoptosis, tubular necrosis, and interstitial inflammation. Necroptosis is a subtype of programmed necrosis mediated by the receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase-3 (RIPK3) and the pseudokinase mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL). Necrosis induces inflammation and stimulates cell death in an autoamplification loop named necroinflammation. Here, we studied necroptosis and necroinflammation in obstructive nephropathy induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in neonatal C57Bl/6J mice. Ureteral obstruction induced tubular dilatation, tubular basement membrane thickening, cast formation, and increased expression of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1). Morphological investigations showed either apoptotic or necrotic cells in the tubular compartment. Biochemical analysis revealed increased caspase-8 activity and upregulation of RIPK3 as well as phosphorylated-MLKL in UUO-kidneys. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, INF-γ, TNF-α) were upregulated following UUO. Taken together we show that necroptosis and necroinflammation are accompanied phenomena in neonatal kidneys with obstruction. These findings may help to develop novel strategies to treat congenital obstructive nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Popper
- Biomedical Center, Core Faciliy Animal Models, Ludwig-Maximilians university, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Marian Theodor Rammer
- Dr. v. Hauner Children's Hospital, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Mojca Gasparitsch
- Dr. v. Hauner Children's Hospital, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Teresa Singer
- Dr. v. Hauner Children's Hospital, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Ursula Keller
- Dr. v. Hauner Children's Hospital, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Yvonne Döring
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Division of Angiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bärbel Lange-Sperandio
- Dr. v. Hauner Children's Hospital, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80337, Munich, Germany.
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194
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Hu X, Chi Q, Liu Q, Wang D, Zhang Y, Li S. Atmospheric H 2S triggers immune damage by activating the TLR-7/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome in broiler thymus. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 237:124427. [PMID: 31352103 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a highly toxic air pollutant that has a negative effect on human health and animal welfare. The immunotoxicity of H2S has been explored previously, but its mechanism still needs to be clarified, especially in chickens. To further evaluate the immunotoxicity of H2S, 1-day-old broilers were recruited and exposed to atmospheric H2S for 42 days of age. Our results showed that H2S significantly reduced the thymus index and the CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte numbers and that it also changed the CD4+/CD8+ ratio. The morphological analysis showed that H2S incrassated the medulla and generated inflammatory infiltration. In addition, it caused the mitochondria to swell and the chromatin to condense, and destroyed nuclear structures were observed. We also conducted bioinformation and transcriptomic analyses to delve the mechanism of H2S toxicity in chicken thymus. We measured 172 differently expression genes (DEGs) after H2S exposure and further filtrated the DEGs that are related to inflammation and cell death that play a critical role in immune function. We concluded that H2S significantly increased IL-1β, IL-4 and IL-10 levels, whereas it downregulated IL-12 and IFN-γ. This study confirmed that H2S triggered the thymus inflammatory response and caused a Th1/Th2 imbalance. Moreover, our results demonstrated that H2S triggered the TLR-7/MyD88/NF-κB pathway to promote NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In conclusion, atmospheric H2S actives the TLR-7/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and the NLRP3 inflammasome to promote an inflammatory response, which then causes tissues damage in broiler thymus. These results provide new insights for unveiling the immunotoxic effects of H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyuan Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qianru Chi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qingqing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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195
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Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of iron-dependent, non-apoptotic regulated cell death, which is characterized by the accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides to lethal levels. Ferroptosis recently has been shown to have implications in diverse kidney diseases, such as acute kidney injury, polycystic kidney disease and renal cell carcinoma. This review summarizes current research on ferroptosis, its underlying mechanisms and its role in the progression of different kidney diseases to provide more information regarding treatment and prevention of these destructive diseases.
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196
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Zhang B, Li MD, Yin R, Liu Y, Yang Y, Mitchell-Richards KA, Nam JH, Li R, Wang L, Iwakiri Y, Chung D, Robert ME, Ehrlich BE, Bennett AM, Yu J, Nathanson MH, Yang X. O-GlcNAc transferase suppresses necroptosis and liver fibrosis. JCI Insight 2019; 4:127709. [PMID: 31672932 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.127709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, over a billion people suffer from chronic liver diseases, which often lead to fibrosis and then cirrhosis. Treatments for fibrosis remain experimental, in part because no unifying mechanism has been identified that initiates liver fibrosis. Necroptosis has been implicated in multiple liver diseases. Here, we report that O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification protects against hepatocyte necroptosis and initiation of liver fibrosis. Decreased O-GlcNAc levels were seen in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and in mice with ethanol-induced liver injury. Liver-specific O-GlcNAc transferase-KO (OGT-LKO) mice exhibited hepatomegaly and ballooning degeneration at an early age and progressed to liver fibrosis and portal inflammation by 10 weeks of age. OGT-deficient hepatocytes underwent excessive necroptosis and exhibited elevated protein expression levels of receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL), which are key mediators of necroptosis. Furthermore, glycosylation of RIPK3 by OGT is associated with reduced RIPK3 protein stability. Taken together, these findings identify OGT as a key suppressor of hepatocyte necroptosis, and OGT-LKO mice may serve as an effective spontaneous genetic model of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bichen Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and
| | - Min-Dian Li
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and
| | - Ruonan Yin
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yuyang Liu
- Yale College, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yunfan Yang
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Jin Hyun Nam
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Rui Li
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and.,Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yasuko Iwakiri
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Dongjun Chung
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | | | - Barbara E Ehrlich
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Anton M Bennett
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Xiaoyong Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and.,Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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197
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Lin YS, Shen YC, Wu CY, Tsai YY, Yang YH, Lin YY, Kuan FC, Lu CN, Chang GH, Tsai MS, Hsu CM, Yeh RA, Yang PR, Lee IY, Shu LH, Cheng YC, Liu HT, Wu YH, Wu YH, Chang DC. Danshen Improves Survival of Patients With Breast Cancer and Dihydroisotanshinone I Induces Ferroptosis and Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1226. [PMID: 31736748 PMCID: PMC6836808 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Danshen (salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. However, it is definite clinical effort and mechanism on breast cancer is unclear. In our study, we used the real-world database to investigate in vivo protective effort of danshen in the breast cancer patients through using population-based data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). In vitro, human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells) were used to investigate the effect and the underlying mechanism through XTT assay, flow cytometry, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity assay, GSH (reduced glutathione)/GSSG (oxidized glutathione), malondialdehyde (MDA), and western blot analysis. The in vivo effect was investigated through a xenograft nude mouse model. We found that dihydroisotanshinone I (DT), a pure compound present in danshen, can inhibit the growth of breast carcinoma cells, including MCF-7 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, DT induced apoptosis and ferroptosis in these breast cancer cells. DT also repressed the protein expression of GPX4 (Glutathione peroxidase 4). For in vivo study, DT treatment also significantly inhibited the final tumor volume without adverse effects in a xenograft nude mouse model. In conclusion, danshen has protective efforts in breast cancer patients, which could be attributed to DT through inducing apoptosis and ferroptosis of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shih Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Shen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yuan Wu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ying Tsai
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Hsu Yang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Yin Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Che Kuan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Nan Lu
- Division of Acupuncture and Chinese Traumatology, Department of TCM, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Geng-He Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Center of Excellence for Chang Gung Research Datalink, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shao Tsai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ming Hsu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Reming-Albert Yeh
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Rung Yang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - I-Yun Lee
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsin Shu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Cheng
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Te Liu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Huei Wu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Heng Wu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - De-Ching Chang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
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198
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Abdelbary M, Rafikova O, Gillis EE, Musall JB, Baban B, O'Connor PM, Brands MW, Sullivan JC. Necrosis Contributes to the Development of Hypertension in Male, but Not Female, Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Hypertension 2019; 74:1524-1531. [PMID: 31656095 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.13477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Necrosis is a pathological form of cell death that induces an inflammatory response, and immune cell activation contributes to the development and maintenance of hypertension. Necrosis was measured in kidney, spleen, and aorta of 12- to 13-week-old male and female SHRs (spontaneously hypertensive rats); male SHRs had greater renal necrotic cell death than female SHRs. Because male SHRs have a higher blood pressure (BP) and a more proinflammatory T-cell profile than female SHRs, the current studies tested the hypothesis that greater necrotic cell death in male SHRs exacerbates increases in BP and contributes to the proinflammatory T-cell profile. Male and female SHRs were randomized to receive vehicle or Necrox-5-a cell permeable inhibitor of necrosis-from 6 to 12 weeks of age or from 11 to 13 weeks of age. In both studies, Necrox-5 decreased renal necrosis and abolished the sex difference. Treatment with Necrox-5 beginning at 6 weeks of age attenuated maturation-induced increases in BP in male SHR; BP in female SHR was not altered by Necrox-5 treatment. Necrox-5 decreased proinflammatory renal T cells in both sexes, although sex differences were maintained. Administration of Necrox-5 for 2 weeks in SHR with established hypertension resulted in a small but significant decrease in BP in males with no effect in females. These results suggest that greater necrotic cell death in male SHR exacerbates maturation-induced increases in BP with age contributing to sex differences in BP. Moreover, although necrosis is proinflammatory, it is unlikely to explain sex differences in the renal T-cell profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abdelbary
- From the Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia (M.A., O.R., E.E.G., J.B.M., P.O., M.W.B., J.C.S.), Augusta University
| | - Olga Rafikova
- From the Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia (M.A., O.R., E.E.G., J.B.M., P.O., M.W.B., J.C.S.), Augusta University
| | - Ellen E Gillis
- From the Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia (M.A., O.R., E.E.G., J.B.M., P.O., M.W.B., J.C.S.), Augusta University
| | - Jacqueline B Musall
- From the Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia (M.A., O.R., E.E.G., J.B.M., P.O., M.W.B., J.C.S.), Augusta University
| | - Babak Baban
- Department of Oral Biology (B.B.), Augusta University
| | - Paul M O'Connor
- From the Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia (M.A., O.R., E.E.G., J.B.M., P.O., M.W.B., J.C.S.), Augusta University
| | - Michael W Brands
- From the Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia (M.A., O.R., E.E.G., J.B.M., P.O., M.W.B., J.C.S.), Augusta University
| | - Jennifer C Sullivan
- From the Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia (M.A., O.R., E.E.G., J.B.M., P.O., M.W.B., J.C.S.), Augusta University
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199
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Li J, Qiao Z, Hu W, Zhang W, Shah SWA, Ishfaq M. Baicalin mitigated Mycoplasma gallisepticum-induced structural damage and attenuated oxidative stress and apoptosis in chicken thymus through the Nrf2/HO-1 defence pathway. Vet Res 2019; 50:83. [PMID: 31639045 PMCID: PMC6805401 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-019-0703-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ and plays a critical role in the immune response against infectious agents. Baicalin is a naturally derived flavonoid famous for its pharmacological properties, but the preventive effects of baicalin against immune impairment remain unclear. We examined this effect in the context of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection-induced structural damage in the chicken thymus. Histopathological examination showed that the compact arrangement of cells in the thymus was lost in the MG-infected group. Inflammatory cell infiltration and nuclear debris accumulated, and the boundary between the cortex and medulla was not clearly visible. The mRNA and protein expression of apoptosis-related genes were significantly increased in the MG-infected group compared to the control group and the baicalin group. The number of positively stained nuclei in the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assay were increased in the MG-infected group. In addition, electron microscopic examination showed chromatin condensation, mitochondrial swelling and apoptotic vesicles in the MG-infected group. However, baicalin treatment significantly alleviated the oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by MG infection. Importantly, the abnormal morphology was partially ameliorated by baicalin treatment. Compared to the MG-infected group, the baicalin-treated group showed significantly reduced expression of apoptosis-related genes at both the mRNA and protein levels. Meanwhile, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling pathway and downstream genes were significantly upregulated by baicalin to counteract MG-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the thymocytes of chickens. In summary, these findings suggest that baicalin treatment efficiently attenuated oxidative stress and apoptosis by activating the Nrf2 signalling pathway and could protect the thymus from MG infection-mediated structural and functional damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichang Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zujian Qiao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China.,Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 678 Haping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Wanying Hu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Syed Waqas Ali Shah
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Muhammad Ishfaq
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China.
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200
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Stoppe C, Averdunk L, Goetzenich A, Soppert J, Marlier A, Kraemer S, Vieten J, Coburn M, Kowark A, Kim BS, Marx G, Rex S, Ochi A, Leng L, Moeckel G, Linkermann A, El Bounkari O, Zarbock A, Bernhagen J, Djudjaj S, Bucala R, Boor P. The protective role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. Sci Transl Med 2019; 10:10/441/eaan4886. [PMID: 29769287 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan4886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) represents the most frequent complication after cardiac surgery. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a stress-regulating cytokine that was shown to protect the heart from myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, but its role in the pathogenesis of AKI remains unknown. In an observational study, serum and urinary MIF was quantified in 60 patients scheduled for elective conventional cardiac surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. Cardiac surgery triggered an increase in MIF serum concentrations, and patients with high circulating MIF (>median) 12 hours after surgery had a significantly reduced risk of developing AKI (relative risk reduction, 72.7%; 95% confidence interval, 12 to 91.5%; P = 0.03). Experimental AKI was induced in wild-type and Mif-/- mice by 30 min of ischemia followed by 6 or 24 hours of reperfusion, or by rhabdomyolysis. Mif-deficient mice exhibited increased tubular cell injury, increased regulated cell death (necroptosis and ferroptosis), and enhanced oxidative stress. Therapeutic administration of recombinant MIF after ischemia-reperfusion in mice ameliorated AKI. In vitro treatment of tubular epithelial cells with recombinant MIF reduced cell death and oxidative stress as measured by glutathione and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in the setting of hypoxia. Our data provide evidence of a renoprotective role of MIF in experimental ischemia-reperfusion injury by protecting renal tubular epithelial cells, consistent with our observation that high MIF in cardiac surgery patients is associated with a reduced incidence of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Stoppe
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Luisa Averdunk
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Goetzenich
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Josefin Soppert
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Arnaud Marlier
- Department of Nephrology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Sandra Kraemer
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jil Vieten
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mark Coburn
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ana Kowark
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bong-Song Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery, Burn Center, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gernot Marx
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Steffen Rex
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Akinobu Ochi
- Department of Nephropathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Lin Leng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Gilbert Moeckel
- Department of Nephropathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Andreas Linkermann
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Omar El Bounkari
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany. .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (EXC 1010 SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Sonja Djudjaj
- Institute of Pathology and Department of Nephrology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Peter Boor
- Institute of Pathology and Department of Nephrology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany. .,Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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