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Zi Xu YX, Ande SR, Mishra S. Prohibitin: A new player in immunometabolism and in linking obesity and inflammation with cancer. Cancer Lett 2018; 415:208-216. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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152
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Rizzi N, Villa A, Benedusi V, Brunialti E, Cesari N, Ciana P, Maggi A. Endocrine influence on neuroinflammation: the use of reporter systems. J Neuroendocrinol 2018. [PMID: 28650102 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Most of the ageing-associated pathologies are coupled with a strong inflammatory component that accelerates the progress of the physiopathological functional decline related to ageing. The currently available pharmacological tools for the control of neuroinflammation present several side effects that restrict their application, particularly in chronic disorders. The discovery of the potential anti-inflammatory action exerted by endogenous oestrogens, as well as the finding that activation of oestrogen receptor α results in a significant decrease of inflammation at the cellular level and in models of inflammatory diseases, prompted us to embark in a series of studies aimed at the generation of reporter systems, allowing us to (i) understand the anti-inflammatory action of oestrogens at molecular level; (ii) evaluate the extent to which the action of this steroid hormone was relevant in models of pathologies characterised by a strong inflammatory component; and (iii) investigate the efficacy of novel, synthetic oestrogens endowed with anti-inflammatory activity. Accordingly, we conceived the NFκB-luc2 reporter mouse, a model characterised by dual reporter genes for fluorescence and bioluminescence imaging under the control of a synthetic DNA able to bind the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B, the master regulator of the expression of most of the cytokines responsible for the initial phase of acute inflammation. Here, we summarise the philosophy that has driven our research in the past years, as well as some of the results obtained so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rizzi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A Villa
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - V Benedusi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - E Brunialti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - N Cesari
- Centro Clinico-Veterinario e Zootecnico-Sperimentale d'Ateneo, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - P Ciana
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A Maggi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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153
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Pepe G, De Maglie M, Minoli L, Villa A, Maggi A, Vegeto E. Selective proliferative response of microglia to alternative polarization signals. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:236. [PMID: 29202771 PMCID: PMC5715534 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-1011-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Microglia are resident myeloid cells of the central nervous system (CNS) that are maintained by self-renewal and actively participate in tissue homeostasis and immune defense. Under the influence of endogenous or pathological signals, microglia undertake biochemical transformations that are schematically classified as the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype and the alternatively activated M2 state. Dysregulated proliferation of M1-activated microglia has detrimental effects, while an increased number of microglia with the alternative, pro-resolving phenotype might be beneficial in brain pathologies; however, the proliferative response of microglia to M2 signals is not yet known. We thus evaluated the ability of interleukin-4 (IL-4), a typical M2 and proliferative signal for peripheral macrophages, to induce microglia proliferation and compared it with other proliferative and M2 polarizing stimuli for macrophages, namely colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and the estrogen hormone, 17β-estradiol (E2). Methods Recombinant IL-4 was delivered to the brain of adult mice by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection; whole brain areas or ex vivo-sorted microglia were analyzed by real-time PCR for assessing the mRNA levels of genes related with cell proliferation (Ki67, CDK-1, and CcnB2) and M2 polarization (Arg1, Fizz1, Ym-1) or by FACS analyses of in vivo BrdU incorporation in microglia. Primary cultures of microglia and astrocytes were also tested for proliferative effects. Results Our results show that IL-4 only slightly modified the expression of cell cycle-related genes in some brain areas but not in microglia, where it strongly enhanced M2 gene expression; on the contrary, brain delivery of CSF-1 triggered proliferation as well as M2 polarization of microglia both in vivo and in vitro. Similar to IL-4, the systemic E2 administration failed to induce microglia proliferation while it increased M2 gene expression. Conclusions Our data show that, in contrast to the wider responsiveness of peripheral macrophages, microglia proliferation is stimulated by selected M2 polarizing stimuli suggesting a role for the local microenvironment and developmental origin of tissue macrophages in regulating self-renewal following alternative activating stimuli. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-017-1011-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Pepe
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti, 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcella De Maglie
- Mouse and Animal Pathology Laboratory (MAPLab), Fondazione Filarete, Viale Ortles, 22/4, 20139, Milan, Italy.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 10, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Minoli
- Mouse and Animal Pathology Laboratory (MAPLab), Fondazione Filarete, Viale Ortles, 22/4, 20139, Milan, Italy.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 10, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Villa
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti, 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Maggi
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti, 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Vegeto
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti, 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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154
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Wu G, Xu R, Zhang P, Xiao T, Fu Y, Zhang Y, Du Y, Ye J, Cheng J, Jiang H. Estrogen regulates stemness and senescence of bone marrow stromal cells to prevent osteoporosis via ERβ-SATB2 pathway. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:4194-4204. [PMID: 29030963 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Decline of pluripotency in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) associated with estrogen deficiency leads to a bone formation defect in osteoporosis. Special AT-rich sequence binding protein 2 (SATB2) is crucial for maintaining stemness and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. However, whether SATB2 is involved in estrogen-deficiency associated-osteoporosis is largely unknown. In this study, we found that estrogen mediated pluripotency and senescence of BMSCs, primarily through estrogen receptor beta (ERβ). BMSCs from the OVX rats displayed increased senescence and weaker SATB2 expression, stemness, and osteogenic differentiation, while estrogen could rescue these phenotypes. Inhibition of ERβ or ERα confirmed that SATB2 was associated with ERβ in estrogen-mediated pluripotency and senescence of BMSCs. Furthermore, estrogen mediated the upregulation of SATB2 through the induction of ERβ binding to estrogen response elements (ERE) located at -488 of the SATB2 gene. SATB2 overexpression alleviated senescence and enhanced stemness and osteogenic differentiation of OVX-BMSCs. SATB2-modified BMSCs transplantation could prevent trabecular bone loss in an ovariectomized rat model. Collectively, our study revealed the role of SATB2 in stemness, senescence, and osteogenesis of OVX-BMSCs. These results indicate that estrogen prevents osteoporosis by promoting stemness and osteogenesis, and inhibiting senescence of BMSCs through an ERβ-SATB2 pathway. Therefore, SATB2 is a novel anti-osteoporosis target gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Wu
- Department of Stomatology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, China
| | - Rongyao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuchao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yifei Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinhai Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongbing Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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155
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Garbacz WG, Jiang M, Xu M, Yamauchi J, Dong HH, Xie W. Sex- and Tissue-Specific Role of Estrogen Sulfotransferase in Energy Homeostasis and Insulin Sensitivity. Endocrinology 2017; 158:4093-4104. [PMID: 28938414 PMCID: PMC5695832 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen sulfotransferase catalyzes the sulfoconjugation and deactivation of estrogens. Previously, we showed that loss of Est in male ob/ob mice, but not in female ob/ob mice, exacerbated the diabetic phenotype, but the underlying mechanism was unclear. In this study, we show that transgenic reconstitution of Est in the adipose tissue, but not in the liver, attenuated diabetic phenotype in Est-deficient ob/ob mice (obe mice). Mechanistically, adipose reconstitution of Est in obe mice (oae mice) resulted in reduced local and systemic inflammation, improved insulin sensitivity, and increased energy expenditure. At the molecular level, adipose induction of lipocalin-2 (Lcn2) in oae males may have contributed to the inhibition of inflammation because the level of Lcn2 was negatively associated with tumor necrosis factor (Tnf) α expression, and treatment of differentiated adipocytes with Lcn2 antagonized Tnfα-responsive inhibition of insulin signaling. The metabolic benefit of adipose reconstitution of Est was sex specific, because adipose reconstitution of Est in obe females had little effect. Interestingly, despite their improved metabolic functions, obe male mice with reconstituted Est in their adipose tissue failed to ameliorate the impairment of the structure and function of the pancreatic islets. In summary, our study uncovers a crucial adipose- and male-specific role of Est in maintaining the whole-body energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech G. Garbacz
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Mengxi Jiang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Meishu Xu
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Jun Yamauchi
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - H. Henry Dong
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Wen Xie
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
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156
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Rizzi N, Rebecchi M, Levandis G, Ciana P, Maggi A. Identification of novel loci for the generation of reporter mice. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:e37. [PMID: 27899606 PMCID: PMC5389565 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw1142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Deciphering the etiology of complex pathologies at molecular level requires longitudinal studies encompassing multiple biochemical pathways (apoptosis, proliferation, inflammation, oxidative stress). In vivo imaging of current reporter animals enabled the spatio-temporal analysis of specific molecular events, however, the lack of a multiplicity of loci for the generalized and regulated expression of the integrated transgenes hampers the creation of systems for the simultaneous analysis of more than a biochemical pathways at the time. We here developed and tested an in vivo-based methodology for the identification of multiple insertional loci suitable for the generation of reliable reporter mice. The validity of the methodology was tested with the generation of novel mice useful to report on inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Rizzi
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Rebecchi
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Levandis
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ciana
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology (DIPO), University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Maggi
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9 20133 Milan, Italy
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157
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Novel Locally Active Estrogens Accelerate Cutaneous Wound Healing-Part 2. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2510. [PMID: 28566747 PMCID: PMC5451472 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02820-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen deprivation is associated with delayed healing, while estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) accelerates acute wound healing and protects against development of chronic wounds. However, current estrogenic molecules have undesired systemic effects, thus the aim of our studies is to generate new molecules for topic administration that are devoid of systemic effects. Following a preliminary study, the new 17β-estradiol derivatives 1 were synthesized. The estrogenic activity of these novel compounds was evaluated in vitro using the cell line ERE-Luc B17 stably transfected with an ERE-Luc reporter. Among the 17β-estradiol derivatives synthesized, compounds 1e and 1f showed the highest transactivation potency and were therefore selected for the study of their systemic estrogenic activity. The study of these compounds in the ERE-Luc mouse model demonstrated that both compounds lack systemic effects when administered in the wound area. Furthermore, wound-healing experiments showed that 1e displays a significant regenerative and anti-inflammatory activity. It is therefore confirmed that this class of compounds are suitable for topical administration and have a clear beneficial effect on wound healing.
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158
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Siani F, Greco R, Levandis G, Ghezzi C, Daviddi F, Demartini C, Vegeto E, Fuzzati-Armentero MT, Blandini F. Influence of Estrogen Modulation on Glia Activation in a Murine Model of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:306. [PMID: 28620274 PMCID: PMC5449471 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological data suggest a sexual dimorphism in Parkinson disease (PD), with women showing lower risk of developing PD. Vulnerability of the nigrostriatal pathway may be influenced by exposure to estrogenic stimulation throughout fertile life. To further address this issue, we analyzed the progression of nigrostriatal damage, microglia and astrocyte activation and microglia polarization triggered by intrastriatal injection of dopaminergic neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in male, female and ovariectomized (OVX) mice, as well as in OVX mice supplemented with 17βestradiol (OVX+E). Animals were sacrificed at different time points following 6-OHDA injection and brain sections containing striatum and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) underwent immunohistochemistry for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) (dopaminergic marker), immunofluorescence for IBA1 and GFAP (markers of microglia and astrocyte activation, respectively) and triple immunoflorescent to identify polarization of microglia toward the cytotoxic M1 (DAPI/IBA1/TNFα) or cytoprotective M2 (DAPI/IBA1/CD206) phenotype. SNc damage induced by 6-OHDA was significantly higher in OVX mice, as compared to all other experimental groups, at 7 and 14 days after surgery. Astrocyte activation was higher in OVX mice with respect the other experimental groups, at all time points. Microglial activation in the SNc was detected at earlier time points in male, female and OVX+E, while in OVX mice was detected at all time-points. Microglia polarization toward the M2, but not the M1, phenotype was detected in female and OVX+E mice, while the M1 phenotype was observed only in male and OVX mice. Our results support the protective effects of estrogens against nigrostriatal degeneration, suggesting that such effects may be mediated by an interaction with microglia, which tend to polarize preferentially toward an M2, cytoprotective phenotype in the presence of intense estrogenic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Siani
- Laboratory of Functional Neurochemistry, Center for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, C. Mondino National Neurological InstitutePavia, Italy
| | - Rosaria Greco
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology of Integrative Autonomic Systems, Headache Science Center, C. Mondino National Neurological InstitutePavia, Italy
| | - Giovanna Levandis
- Laboratory of Functional Neurochemistry, Center for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, C. Mondino National Neurological InstitutePavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Ghezzi
- Laboratory of Functional Neurochemistry, Center for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, C. Mondino National Neurological InstitutePavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Daviddi
- Laboratory of Functional Neurochemistry, Center for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, C. Mondino National Neurological InstitutePavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Demartini
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology of Integrative Autonomic Systems, Headache Science Center, C. Mondino National Neurological InstitutePavia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Vegeto
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of MilanMilan, Italy
| | - Marie-Thérèse Fuzzati-Armentero
- Laboratory of Functional Neurochemistry, Center for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, C. Mondino National Neurological InstitutePavia, Italy
| | - Fabio Blandini
- Laboratory of Functional Neurochemistry, Center for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, C. Mondino National Neurological InstitutePavia, Italy
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159
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Prasanna JS, Sumadhura C, Karunakar P, Rohini N. Comparative Evaluation of Salivary Neopterin Levels and Its Effects to Periodontal Therapy in Pre- and Post-Menopausal Women. J Menopausal Med 2017; 23:32-41. [PMID: 28523257 PMCID: PMC5432464 DOI: 10.6118/jmm.2017.23.1.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neopterin is a valuable diagnostic biomarker, which is elevated in inflammatory conditions like periodontitis, that is characterized by destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth. Among the biomarkers, neopterin occurs in body fluids, and acts as a diagnostic marker for present and future disease activity. METHODS Thirty female subjects with chronic periodontitis, mean age 50 years (40-60 years) were included in this study. Depending upon their menstrual history, subjects were categorized into two groups of fifteen each. Group I 15 pre-menopausal women, and Group II 15 post-menopausal women. Saliva was collected, and neopterin levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in both the groups, at base line and after three months of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Periodontal parameters like pocket probing depth (PD) and Russell's periodontal disease index (PDI) were assessed before treatment as well as after three months of scaling and root planning. RESULTS Intra group analysis showed significant markdown in the mean values of all the parameters from baseline to three months (P < 0.001), for all patients. The intergroup comparison, from baseline to 3 months also showed no significant change in PD and PDI values, but there was a statistically significant difference in the salivary neopterin levels (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Neopterin levels were found to be reduced in three months after NSPT in both the groups, suggesting that the NSPT is the gold standard therapy, and also that neopterin levels in saliva can be used as an indicator to identify periodontal inflammation and destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jammula Surya Prasanna
- Department of Periodontics, Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Hyderabad, India
| | - Chinta Sumadhura
- Department of Periodontics, Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Hyderabad, India
| | - Parupalli Karunakar
- Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Hyderabad, India
| | - Naineni Rohini
- Department of Periodontics, Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Hyderabad, India
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160
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Self-renewal and phenotypic conversion are the main physiological responses of macrophages to the endogenous estrogen surge. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44270. [PMID: 28317921 PMCID: PMC5357836 DOI: 10.1038/srep44270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Beyond the physiology of reproduction, estrogen controls the homeostasis of several tissues. Although macrophages play a key role in tissue remodeling, the interplay with estrogen is still ill defined. Using a transcriptomic approach we first obtained a comprehensive list of genes that are differentially expressed in peritoneal macrophages in response to physiological levels of 17β-estradiol (E2) injected in intact female mice. Our data also showed the dynamic nature of the macrophage response to E2 and pointed to specific biological programs induced by the hormone, with cell proliferation, immune response and wound healing being the most prominent functional categories. Indeed, the exogenous administration of E2 and, more importantly, the endogenous hormonal surge proved to support macrophage proliferation in vivo, as shown by cell cycle gene expression, BrdU incorporation and cell number. Furthermore, E2 promoted an anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving macrophage phenotype, which converged on the induction of genes related to macrophage alternative activation and on IL-10 expression in vivo. Hormone action was maintained in an experimental model of peritoneal inflammation based on zymosan injection. These findings highlight a direct effect of estrogen on macrophage expansion and phenotypic adaptation in homeostatic conditions and suggest a role for this interplay in inflammatory pathologies.
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161
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Lou Y, Hu M, Wang Q, Yuan M, Wang N, Le F, Li L, Huang S, Wang L, Xu X, Jin F. Estradiol Suppresses TLR4-triggered Apoptosis of Decidual Stromal Cells and Drives an Anti-inflammatory T H2 Shift by Activating SGK1. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:434-448. [PMID: 28529452 PMCID: PMC5436564 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.18278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A pro-inflammatory cytokine profile at the feto-maternal interface may predispose immune maladaptation notably in early miscarriages. We investigated the involvement of estradiol (E2)-activated serum-glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) in preserving the tolerogenic and pro-survival intrauterine microenvironment beneficial to gestation maintenance. Decidual SGK1 was down-regulated in early miscarriage, consistent with the lower serum E2 concentration seen in pregnancy loss. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) signaling induced apoptosis and the pro-inflammatory T helper type (TH) 1 response of decidual stromal cells (DSCs) were associated with miscarriage. SGK1 activation was suppressed by LPS/TLR4 signaling and would be rescued by E2 administration via the PI3K signaling pathway in DSCs. SGK1 activation attenuated TLR4-mediated cell apoptosis, while promoting cell viability of DSCs by up-regulating the pro-survival genes BCL2 and XIAP, and enhancing the phosphorylation of FOXO1. Furthermore, E2-induced SGK1 activation reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory TH1 cytokines, and promoted the generation of TH2 cytokines and elevated IRF4 mRNA and protein levels in LPS-incubated DSCs. Pharmacologic inhibition of SGK1 or suppression by small interfering (si) RNA increased the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB to reverse the pro-TH2 and anti-inflammatory effects of E2 pretreatment, leading to compromised pregnancy. These findings suggest that the E2-mediated SGK1 activation suppressed LPS-mediated apoptosis and promoted the anti-inflammatory TH2 responses in DSCs, ultimately contributing to a successful pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyun Lou
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
- Department of Gynaecology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Minhao Hu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Qijing Wang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Mu Yuan
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Fang Le
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Lejun Li
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shisi Huang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Liya Wang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xiangrong Xu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Fan Jin
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
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162
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Coman L, Păunescu H, Catană R, Coman LI, Voiculescu Ş, Coman OA. ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE - ESTROGENS AND SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS, FRIENDS OR FOES? ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA-BUCHAREST 2017; 13:77-83. [PMID: 31149152 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2017.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease(AD) is the leading cause of dementia and is characterized by the presence of extensive plaque deposition and neurofibrillary pathology. The aim of the present study was to make an update regarding the influence of estrogens and SERMs on inflammation and on the resolution of inflammation, respectively, focusing on these most important features implicated in the pathophysiology of AD. Several hypothesised mechanisms of action of estrogens and SERM are exposed and also some relevant clinical studies on this subject are analysed. The analyzed studies have a high heterogeneity of preparations used, of administration routes, of the female population included and of the periods of time from the appearance/induction of menopause to the therapeutic intervention and also of follow-up periods of patients and of the means of evaluating their cognitive decline. One can say that all the ways of pharmacological influence on the membrane or intracellular signalling system associated to estrogens that may have clinical importance in the prevention and possibly in the treatment of AD have not been exhausted. Estrogens with selective ERα or G protein-coupled estrogen receptors (GPER1 or GqMER) effects could be used to influence the resolution of inflammation process, with positive effects on AD evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Coman
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dept. of Physiology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - H Păunescu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dept. of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - R Catană
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dept. of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - L I Coman
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Student, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ş Voiculescu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dept. of Surgery, Bucharest, Romania
| | - O A Coman
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dept. of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Bucharest, Romania
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163
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Zeng T, Zhang CL, Xiao M, Yang R, Xie KQ. Critical Roles of Kupffer Cells in the Pathogenesis of Alcoholic Liver Disease: From Basic Science to Clinical Trials. Front Immunol 2016; 7:538. [PMID: 27965666 PMCID: PMC5126119 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) encompasses a spectrum of liver injury ranging from steatosis to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and finally cirrhosis. Accumulating evidences have demonstrated that Kupffer cells (KCs) play critical roles in the pathogenesis of both chronic and acute ALD. It has become clear that alcohol exposure can result in increased hepatic translocation of gut-sourced endotoxin/lipopolysaccharide, which is a strong M1 polarization inducer of KCs. The activated KCs then produce a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), pro-inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines, which finally lead to liver injury. The critical roles of KCs and related inflammatory cascade in the pathogenesis of ALD make it a promising target in pharmaceutical drug developments for ALD treatment. Several drugs (such as rifaximin, pentoxifylline, and infliximab) have been evaluated or are under evaluation for ALD treatment in randomized clinical trials. Furthermore, screening pharmacological regulators for KCs toward M2 polarization may provide additional therapeutic agents. The combination of these potentially therapeutic drugs with hepatoprotective agents (such as zinc, melatonin, and silymarin) may bring encouraging results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zeng
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shandong University , Jinan , China
| | - Cui-Li Zhang
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shandong University , Jinan , China
| | - Mo Xiao
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shandong University , Jinan , China
| | - Rui Yang
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shandong University , Jinan , China
| | - Ke-Qin Xie
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shandong University , Jinan , China
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164
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Ribeiro-Dasilva MC, Fillingim RB, Wallet SM. Estrogen-Induced Monocytic Response Correlates with TMD Pain: A Case Control Study. J Dent Res 2016; 96:285-291. [PMID: 27856968 DOI: 10.1177/0022034516678599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a set of conditions characterized by pain and dysfunction in the temporomandibular joint and muscles of mastication. These pain conditions are associated with considerable morbidity, societal costs, and reduced quality of life. The prevalence varies between 4% and 10%, with females at higher risk, and a higher prevalence occurs during reproductive years. The increased prevalence of TMD in females and low prevalence in childhood reinforce that sex hormones, like estrogen, play an important, complex role in the pathophysiology of these disorders. The goal of this study was to determine whether women with TMD exhibit a monocytic hyperinflammatory response compared with control women, and to examine associations of monocytic inflammatory responses with clinical pain. Eighteen women, aged 18 to 35 y, were seen during their follicular menstrual phase. A blood sample was collected, a clinical questionnaire about pain history was administered, and a Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) exam was performed. Extracted monocytes were stimulated with the toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 ligand, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in the presence and absence of estrogen, and the levels of IL6 expression evaluated. Women with TMD showed a systemic hyperinflammatory phenotype, manifested by an increased monocytic release of cytokines after an inflammatory insult, and this was further increased by estrogen. In addition, monocytes from participants who self-reported more pain on the VAS scale produced higher levels of IL6 compared with those from participants who self-reported lower pain sensitivity. These data suggest that an estrogen-induced hyperinflammatory phenotype in women with TMD may at least in part contribute to heightened clinical pain, perhaps via central sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Ribeiro-Dasilva
- 1 Department of Restorative Dental Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,2 Department of Community Density and Behavioral Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - R B Fillingim
- 2 Department of Community Density and Behavioral Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - S M Wallet
- 3 Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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165
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Abstract
Inflammatory activation of microglia is a hallmark of several disorders of the central nervous system. In addition to protecting the brain against inflammatory insults, microglia are neuroprotective and play a significant role in maintaining neuronal connectivity, but the prolongation of an inflammatory status may limit the beneficial functions of these immune cells. The finding that estrogen receptors are present in monocyte-derived cells and that estrogens prevent and control the inflammatory response raise the question of the role that this sex steroid plays in the manifestation and progression of pathologies that have a clear sex difference in prevalence, such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. The present review aims to provide a critical review of the current literature on the actions of estrogen in microglia and on the involvement of estrogen receptors in the manifestation of selected neurological disorders. This current understanding highlights a research area that should be expanded to identify appropriate replacement therapies to slow the progression of such diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Villa
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Vegeto
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Maggi
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
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166
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Abstract
Sex differences in longevity can provide insights into novel mechanisms of aging, yet they have been little studied. Surprisingly, sex-specific longevity patterns are best known in wild animals. Evolutionary hypotheses accounting for longevity patterns in natural populations include differential vulnerability to environmental hazards, differential intensity of sexual selection, and distinct patterns of parental care. Mechanistic hypotheses focus on hormones, asymmetric inheritance of sex chromosomes and mitochondria. Virtually all intensively studied species show conditional sex differences in longevity. Humans are the only species in which one sex is known to have a ubiquitous survival advantage. Paradoxically, although women live longer, they suffer greater morbidity particularly late in life. This mortality-morbidity paradox may be a consequence of greater connective tissue responsiveness to sex hormones in women. Human females' longevity advantage may result from hormonal influences on inflammatory and immunological responses, or greater resistance to oxidative damage; current support for these mechanisms is weak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven N Austad
- Department of Biology and Nathan Shock Center of Excellence in the Basic Biology of Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-1170, USA.
| | - Kathleen E Fischer
- Department of Biology and Nathan Shock Center of Excellence in the Basic Biology of Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-1170, USA
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167
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Campesi I, Marino M, Montella A, Pais S, Franconi F. Sex Differences in Estrogen Receptor α and β Levels and Activation Status in LPS-Stimulated Human Macrophages. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:340-345. [PMID: 27171902 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Immune function, inflammation, and atherosclerosis display sex differences and are influenced by 17β-estradiol through estrogen receptors subtypes ERα and ERβ. Male tissues express active ERs, but their possible involvement in inflammation in males has never been assessed. Macrophages express both ERα and ERβ and offer the opportunity to evaluate the role of ER levels and activation in inflammation. We assessed the ability of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to modulate, in a sex-specific way, the expression and the activation status of ERα and ERβ in blood monocytes-derived macrophages (MDMs) from men and women. MDMs were incubated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 24 h and used to evaluate ERα, ERβ, P-ERα, p38, and P-p38 expression by Western Blotting. In basal conditions, ERα and ERβ were significantly higher in female MDMs than in male MDMs. LPS up-regulated ERα and ERα phosphorylation in both sexes, with a significantly higher effect observed in male MDMs, and down-regulated ERβ level only in female MDMs. p38 and P-p38 proteins, indicative of ERβ activity, did not show sex differences both in basal conditions and after LPS treatment. Finally, ERα/ERβ and P-ERα/ERα ratios were significantly higher in male MDMs than in female ones. Our data indicate, for the first time, that LPS affects ERα but not ERβ activation status. We identify a significant role of ERα in LPS-mediated inflammatory responses in MDMs, which represents an initial step in understanding the influence of sex in the relationship between LPS and ERα. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 340-345, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Campesi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. .,Laboratory of Sex-Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Osilo, Italy.
| | - Maria Marino
- Cell Physiology Lab, Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Montella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Sara Pais
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Flavia Franconi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Assessorato alle Politiche per la Persona of Basilicata Region, Potenza, Italy
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168
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Kim KJ, Kim HJ, Park HG, Hwang CH, Sung C, Jang KS, Park SH, Kim BG, Lee YK, Yang YH, Jeong JH, Kim YG. A MALDI-MS-based quantitative analytical method for endogenous estrone in human breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24489. [PMID: 27091422 PMCID: PMC4836303 DOI: 10.1038/srep24489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The level of endogenous estrone, one of the three major naturally occurring estrogens, has a significant correlation with the incidence of post-menopausal breast cancer. However, it is challenging to quantitatively monitor it owing to its low abundance. Here, we develop a robust and highly sensitive mass-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS)-based quantitative platform to identify the absolute quantities of endogenous estrones in a variety of clinical specimens. The one-step modification of endogenous estrone provided good linearity (R(2) > 0.99) and significantly increased the sensitivity of the platform (limit of quantitation: 11 fmol). In addition, we could identify the absolute amount of endogenous estrones in cells of the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 (34 fmol/10(6) cells) by using a deuterated estrone as an internal standard. Finally, by applying the MALDI-MS-based quantitative method to endogenous estrones, we successfully monitored changes in the metabolic expression level of estrones (17.7 fmol/10(6) letrozole-treated cells) in MCF-7 cells resulting from treatment with an aromatase inhibitor. Taken together, these results suggest that this MALDI-MS-based quantitative approach may be a general method for the targeted metabolomics of ketone-containing metabolites, which can reflect clinical conditions and pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Jin Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Korea
| | - Han-Gyu Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Korea
| | - Cheol-Hwan Hwang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Korea
| | - Changmin Sung
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Soon Jang
- Division of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Chungbuk 363-883, Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Park
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Byung-Gee Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Yoo-Kyung Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 406-840, Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Microbial Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Jeong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Korea
| | - Yun-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 156-743, Korea
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169
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Pan T, Zhong L, Wu S, Cao Y, Yang Q, Cai Z, Cai X, Zhao W, Ma N, Zhang W, Zhang H, Zhou J. 17β-Oestradiol enhances the expansion and activation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells via signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3 signalling in human pregnancy. Clin Exp Immunol 2016; 185:86-97. [PMID: 26969967 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During a successful pregnancy, the maternal immune system plays a critical role in maintaining immunotolerance towards semi-allogeneic fetal antigens. Recent studies have indicated that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are active players in establishing fetal-maternal tolerance; however, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we observed a significant expansion of monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs) in the peripheral blood of pregnant women, which suppressed T cell responses in a reactive oxygen species-dependent manner and required cell-cell contact. The number of M-MDSCs correlated positively with serum oestrogen and progesterone levels. Administration of 17β-oestradiol, but not progesterone, enhanced both the expansion and suppressive activity of M-MDSCs through signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3. Pretreatment with STAT-3 inhibitor JSI-124 almost completely abrogated the effects of 17β-oestradiol on MDSCs. Collectively, these results demonstrate that 17β-oestradiol-induced STAT-3 signalling plays an important role in both the expansion and activation of MDSCs during human pregnancy, which may benefit the development of novel therapeutic strategies for prevention of immune-related miscarriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Pan
- Program in Immunology, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Childrens Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine.,Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou
| | - L Zhong
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou
| | - S Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangzhou
| | - Y Cao
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou
| | - Q Yang
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou
| | - Z Cai
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangzhou
| | - X Cai
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangzhou
| | - W Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangzhou
| | - N Ma
- National-regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Clinical Application of Cancer Genomics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen
| | - W Zhang
- National-regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Clinical Application of Cancer Genomics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen
| | - H Zhang
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou.,Department of Cell Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Zhou
- Program in Immunology, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Childrens Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine.,Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou.,Department of Cell Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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