151
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Sokolov AS, Nekrasov PV, Shaposhnikov MV, Moskalev AA. Hydrogen sulfide in longevity and pathologies: Inconsistency is malodorous. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 67:101262. [PMID: 33516916 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is one of the biologically active gases (gasotransmitters), which plays an important role in various physiological processes and aging. Its production in the course of methionine and cysteine catabolism and its degradation are finely balanced, and impairment of H2S homeostasis is associated with various pathologies. Despite the strong geroprotective action of exogenous H2S in C. elegans, there are controversial effects of hydrogen sulfide and its donors on longevity in other models, as well as on stress resistance, age-related pathologies and aging processes, including regulation of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and senescent cell anti-apoptotic pathways (SCAPs). Here we discuss that the translation potential of H2S as a geroprotective compound is influenced by a multiplicity of its molecular targets, pleiotropic biological effects, and the overlapping ranges of toxic and beneficial doses. We also consider the challenges of the targeted delivery of H2S at the required dose. Along with this, the complexity of determining the natural levels of H2S in animal and human organs and their ambiguous correlations with longevity are reviewed.
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152
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Comas F, Moreno-Navarrete JM. The Impact of H 2S on Obesity-Associated Metabolic Disturbances. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050633. [PMID: 33919190 PMCID: PMC8143163 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last several decades, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has gained attention as a new signaling molecule, with extensive physiological and pathophysiological roles in human disorders affecting vascular biology, immune functions, cellular survival, metabolism, longevity, development, and stress resistance. Apart from its known functions in oxidative stress and inflammation, new evidence has emerged revealing that H2S carries out physiological functions by targeting proteins, enzymes, and transcription factors through a post-translational modification known as persulfidation. This review article provides a critical overview of the current state of the literature addressing the role of H2S in obesity-associated metabolic disturbances, with particular emphasis on its mechanisms of action in obesity, diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Comas
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 17007 Girona, Spain;
| | - José María Moreno-Navarrete
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 17007 Girona, Spain;
- Department of Medical Sciences, Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +(34)-872-98-70-87
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Abstract
Sulfonates include diverse natural products and anthropogenic chemicals and are widespread in the environment. Many bacteria can degrade sulfonates and obtain sulfur, carbon, and energy for growth, playing important roles in the biogeochemical sulfur cycle. Cleavage of the inert sulfonate C-S bond involves a variety of enzymes, cofactors, and oxygen-dependent and oxygen-independent catalytic mechanisms. Sulfonate degradation by strictly anaerobic bacteria was recently found to involve C-S bond cleavage through O2-sensitive free radical chemistry, catalyzed by glycyl radical enzymes (GREs). The associated discoveries of new enzymes and metabolic pathways for sulfonate metabolism in diverse anaerobic bacteria have enriched our understanding of sulfonate chemistry in the anaerobic biosphere. An anaerobic environment of particular interest is the human gut microbiome, where sulfonate degradation by sulfate- and sulfite-reducing bacteria (SSRB) produces H2S, a process linked to certain chronic diseases and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Wei
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138669
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology; and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
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154
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Ciccone V, Genah S, Morbidelli L. Endothelium as a Source and Target of H 2S to Improve Its Trophism and Function. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030486. [PMID: 33808872 PMCID: PMC8003673 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelium consists of a single layer of squamous endothelial cells (ECs) lining the inner surface of blood vessels. Nowadays, it is no longer considered as a simple barrier between the blood and vessel wall, but a central hub to control blood flow homeostasis and fulfill tissue metabolic demands by furnishing oxygen and nutrients. The endothelium regulates the proper functioning of vessels and microcirculation, in terms of tone control, blood fluidity, and fine tuning of inflammatory and redox reactions within the vessel wall and in surrounding tissues. This multiplicity of effects is due to the ability of ECs to produce, process, and release key modulators. Among these, gasotransmitters such as nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are very active molecules constitutively produced by endotheliocytes for the maintenance and control of vascular physiological functions, while their impairment is responsible for endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disorders such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and impaired wound healing and vascularization due to diabetes, infections, and ischemia. Upregulation of H2S producing enzymes and administration of H2S donors can be considered as innovative therapeutic approaches to improve EC biology and function, to revert endothelial dysfunction or to prevent cardiovascular disease progression. This review will focus on the beneficial autocrine/paracrine properties of H2S on ECs and the state of the art on H2S potentiating drugs and tools.
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155
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Ganguly A, Ofman G, Vitiello PF. Hydrogen Sulfide-Clues from Evolution and Implication for Neonatal Respiratory Diseases. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:213. [PMID: 33799529 PMCID: PMC7999351 DOI: 10.3390/children8030213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been the focus of redox research in the realm of oxidative neonatal respiratory diseases such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Over the years, nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) have been identified as important gaseous signaling molecules involved in modulating the redox homeostasis in the developing lung. While animal data targeting aspects of these redox pathways have been promising in treating and/or preventing experimental models of neonatal lung disease, none are particularly effective in human neonatal clinical trials. In recent years, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has emerged as a novel gasotransmitter involved in a magnitude of cellular signaling pathways and functions. The importance of H2S signaling may lie in the fact that early life-forms evolved in a nearly anoxic, sulfur-rich environment and were dependent on H2S for energy. Recent studies have demonstrated an important role of H2S and its synthesizing enzymes in lung development, which normally takes place in a relatively hypoxic intrauterine environment. In this review, we look at clues from evolution and explore the important role that the H2S signaling pathway may play in oxidative neonatal respiratory diseases and discuss future opportunities to explore this phenomenon in the context of neonatal chronic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhrajit Ganguly
- Center for Pregnancy and Newborn Research, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (G.O.); (P.F.V.)
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156
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Investigating Different Forms of Hydrogen Sulfide in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Various Neurological Disorders. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11030152. [PMID: 33800163 PMCID: PMC7998212 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11030152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 30 years a considerable amount of data has accumulated on the multifaceted role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the central nervous system. Depending on its concentrations, H2S has opposite actions, ranging from neuromodulator to neurotoxic. Nowadays, accurate determination of H2S is still an important challenge to understand its biochemistry and functions. In this perspective, this study aims to explore H2S levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), key biofluid for neurological studies, and to assess alleged correlations with neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative mechanisms. A validated analytical determination combining selective electrochemical detection with ion chromatography was developed to measure free and bound sulfur forms of H2S. A first cohort of CSF samples (n = 134) was analyzed from patients with inflammatory and demyelinating disorders (acute disseminated encephalomyelitis; multiple sclerosis), chronic neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer disease; Parkinson disease), and motor neuron disease (Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). Given its analytical features, the chromatographic method resulted sensitive, reproducible and robust. We also explored low molecular weight-proteome linked to sulphydration by proteomics analysis on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). This study is a first clinical report on CSF H2S concentrations from neurological diseases and opens up new perspectives on the potential clinical relevance of H2S and its potential therapeutic application.
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157
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Zhang H, Dai J, Tian D, Xiao L, Xue H, Guo Q, Zhang X, Teng X, Jin S, Wu Y. Hydrogen Sulfide Restored the Diurnal Variation in Cardiac Function of Aging Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8841575. [PMID: 33747351 PMCID: PMC7943277 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8841575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate whether H2S could restore the diurnal variation in cardiac function of aging mice and explore the potential mechanisms. We found that ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) in 3-month-old mice exhibited diurnal variations over a 24-hour period. However, the diurnal variations were disrupted in 18-month-old mice, and there was a decline in EF and FS. In addition, the plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were increased, and H2S concentrations and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were decreased in 18-month-old mice. Then, CSE KO mice were used to determine if there was a relationship between endogenous H2S and diurnal variations in EF and FS. There was no difference in 12-hour averaged EF and FS between dark and light periods in CSE KO mice accompanying increased MDA levels and decreased SOD activities in plasma, indicating that deficiency of endogenous H2S blunted diurnal variations of cardiac function. To determine whether oxidative stress disrupted the diurnal variations in cardiac function, D-galactose-induced subacute aging mice were employed. After 3-month D-gal treatment, both 12-hour averaged EF and FS in dark or light periods were decreased; meanwhile, there was no difference in 12-hour averaged EF and FS between dark and light periods. After 3-month NaHS treatment in the D-gal group, the plasma MDA levels were decreased and SOD activities were increased. The EF and FS were lower during the 12-hour light period than those during the 12-hour dark period which was fit to sine curves in the D-gal+NaHS group. Identical findings were also observed in 18-month-old mice. In conclusion, our studies revealed that the disrupted diurnal variation in cardiac function was associated with increased oxidative stress and decreased H2S levels in aging mice. H2S could restore the diurnal variation in cardiac function of aging mice by reducing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxing Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Jing Dai
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Danyang Tian
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Hongmei Xue
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Xiangjian Zhang
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, 050017 Hebei, China
| | - Xu Teng
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Sheng Jin
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Yuming Wu
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei 050017, China
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, 050017 Hebei, China
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158
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Olson KR, Gao Y, Briggs A, Devireddy M, Iovino NA, Licursi M, Skora NC, Whelan J, Villa BP, Straub KD. 'Antioxidant' berries, anthocyanins, resveratrol and rosmarinic acid oxidize hydrogen sulfide to polysulfides and thiosulfate: A novel mechanism underlying their biological actions. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 165:67-78. [PMID: 33508425 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nutraceutical polyphenol catechins in green tea oxidize H2S to polysulfides (PS) in buffer and in cells thereby conveying their cytoprotective effects. Here we measure H2S oxidation in buffer and HEK293 cells by over-the-counter nutraceuticals, blueberry, bilberry and cranberry, and by polyphenols, cyanadin (Cya), quercetin (Que), rosmarinic acid (RA) and resveratrol (Res). H2S and PS were measured with specific fluorophores, AzMc and SSP4 respectively, and thiosulfate (TS) production was measured in buffer using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). All compounds increased polysulfide production from H2S in buffer and increased polysufides in cells. Decreasing oxygen from 100% to 21% and 0% progressively decreased PS production by Que and RA in buffer and Que decreased PS production in cells incubated in 5% O2 compared to 21% O2. Que, RA and Res, but not Cya, increased TS production from H2S in 21% O2 but not in 0% O2. Superoxide dismutase did not affect PS production from H2S by Que or TS production from H2S by Que, RA or Res, whereas catalase inhibited TS production by all three polyphenols. Conversely, these polyphenols only slightly reduce a mixed polysulfide (K2Sn) or thiosulfate to H2S in 0% O2. Collectively, our results suggest that polyphenols are autoxidized to a semiquinone radical and that this, in turn, oxidizes H2S to a thiyl radical from which polysulfides and thiosulfate derived. They also suggest that this is catalyzed by a semiquinone radical and it is independent of either superoxide or hydrogen peroxide concomitantly produced during polyphenol autoxidation. The polysulfides produced in these reactions are potent antioxidants and also initiate a variety of downstream cytoprotective effector mechanisms. It is also possible that H2S can be regenerated from the thiosulfate produced in these reactions by other cellular reductants and reused in subsequent reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R Olson
- Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend Center, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
| | - Yan Gao
- Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend Center, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA
| | - Austin Briggs
- Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend Center, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Monesh Devireddy
- Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend Center, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA
| | - Nicholas A Iovino
- Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend Center, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Matthew Licursi
- Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend Center, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Nicole C Skora
- Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend Center, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Jenna Whelan
- Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend Center, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Brian P Villa
- Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend Center, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Karl D Straub
- Central Arkansas Veteran's Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA; Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72202, USA
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159
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Schiliro M, Bartman CM, Pabelick C. Understanding hydrogen sulfide signaling in neonatal airway disease. Expert Rev Respir Med 2021; 15:351-372. [PMID: 33086886 PMCID: PMC10599633 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1840981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Airway dysfunction leading to chronic lung disease is a common consequence of premature birth and mechanisms responsible for early and progressive airway remodeling are not completely understood. Current therapeutic options are only partially effective in reducing the burden of neonatal airway disease and premature decline of lung function. Gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been recently recognized for its therapeutic potential in lung diseases. AREAS COVERED Contradictory to its well-known toxicity at high concentrations, H2S has been characterized to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic properties at physiological concentrations. In the respiratory system, endogenous H2S production participates in late lung development and exogenous H2S administration has a protective role in a variety of diseases such as acute lung injury and chronic pulmonary hypertension and fibrosis. Literature searches performed using NCBI PubMed without publication date limitations were used to construct this review, which highlights the dichotomous role of H2S in the lung, and explores its promising beneficial effects in lung diseases. EXPERT OPINION The emerging role of H2S in pathways involved in chronic lung disease of prematurity along with its recent use in animal models of BPD highlight H2S as a potential novel candidate in protecting lung function following preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Schiliro
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Christina Pabelick
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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160
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Bonifácio VDB, Pereira SA, Serpa J, Vicente JB. Cysteine metabolic circuitries: druggable targets in cancer. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:862-879. [PMID: 33223534 PMCID: PMC7921671 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01156-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To enable survival in adverse conditions, cancer cells undergo global metabolic adaptations. The amino acid cysteine actively contributes to cancer metabolic remodelling on three different levels: first, in its free form, in redox control, as a component of the antioxidant glutathione or its involvement in protein s-cysteinylation, a reversible post-translational modification; second, as a substrate for the production of hydrogen sulphide (H2S), which feeds the mitochondrial electron transfer chain and mediates per-sulphidation of ATPase and glycolytic enzymes, thereby stimulating cellular bioenergetics; and, finally, as a carbon source for epigenetic regulation, biomass production and energy production. This review will provide a systematic portrayal of the role of cysteine in cancer biology as a source of carbon and sulphur atoms, the pivotal role of cysteine in different metabolic pathways and the importance of H2S as an energetic substrate and signalling molecule. The different pools of cysteine in the cell and within the body, and their putative use as prognostic cancer markers will be also addressed. Finally, we will discuss the pharmacological means and potential of targeting cysteine metabolism for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasco D B Bonifácio
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sofia A Pereira
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jacinta Serpa
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal.
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof Lima Basto, 1099-023, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - João B Vicente
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB NOVA), Avenida da República (EAN), 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
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161
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Ren H, Liu TC, Lu Y, Zhang K, Xu Y, Zhou P, Tang X. A comparison study of the influence of milk protein versus whey protein in high-protein diets on adiposity in rats. Food Funct 2021; 12:1008-1019. [PMID: 33502407 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01960g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
High-protein diets are known to reduce weight and fat deposition. However, there have been only a few studies on the efficacy of different types of high-protein diets in preventing obesity. Therefore, the emphasis of this study lies in comparing the efficacy of two high-protein diets (milk protein and whey protein) in preventing obesity and exploring specific mechanisms. Eighty Sprague Dawley rats were divided into two groups and fed with milk protein concentrate (MPC) and whey protein concentrate (WPC) for 12 weeks. Each group was divided into four levels: two low-fat regimens with either low or high protein content (L-14%, L-40%) and two high-fat regimens with either low or high protein content (H-14%, H-40%). The studies we have performed showed that rats treated with MPC at the 40% protein level had significantly reduced body weight, fat weight and fat ratio gain induced by a high-fat diet, while the protein level in the WPC group had no effect on body weight or body fat in rats fed with a high-fat diet. What is more, rats fed with MPC at the H-40% energy level showed a significant decrease in plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and a significant increase in plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared with the H-14% energy level group. In contrast, in the WPC groups, increasing the protein content in high-fat diets had no significant influence on plasma lipid levels. The results of the amino acid composition of the two proteins and plasma showed that the MPC diet of 40% protein level increased the transsulfuration pathway in rats, thereby increasing the level of H2S. This research work has shown that not all types of high-protein diets can effectively prevent obesity induced by high-fat diets, as effectiveness depends on the amino acid composition of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
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162
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Shaposhnikov MV, Zemskaya NV, Koval LA, Schegoleva EV, Yakovleva DV, Ulyasheva NS, Gorbunova AA, Minnikhanova NR, Moskalev AA. Geroprotective potential of genetic and pharmacological interventions to endogenous hydrogen sulfide synthesis in Drosophila melanogaster. Biogerontology 2021; 22:197-214. [PMID: 33544267 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-021-09911-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter with a wide range of physiological functions. Aging is accompanied by disruption of H2S homeostasis, therefore, interventions to the processes of H2S metabolism to maintain its balance may have geroprotective potential. Here we demonstrated the additive geroprotective effect of combined genetic and pharmacological interventions to the hydrogen sulfide biosynthesis system by overexpression of cystathionine-β-synthase and cystathionine-γ-lyase genes and treatment with precursors of H2S synthesis cysteine (Cys) and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). The obtained results suggest that additive effects of genetic and pharmacological interventions to H2S metabolism may be associated with the complex interaction between beneficial action of H2S production and prevention of adverse effects of excess H2S production by Cys and NAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V Shaposhnikov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of RAS, 167982, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda V Zemskaya
- Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of RAS, 167982, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
| | - Liubov A Koval
- Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of RAS, 167982, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
| | - Eugenia V Schegoleva
- Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of RAS, 167982, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
| | - Daria V Yakovleva
- Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of RAS, 167982, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia S Ulyasheva
- Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of RAS, 167982, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia A Gorbunova
- Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of RAS, 167982, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
| | - Natalya R Minnikhanova
- Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of RAS, 167982, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey A Moskalev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation. .,Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of RAS, 167982, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation.
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163
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The biological legacy of sulfur: A roadmap to the future. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2021; 252:110824. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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164
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Li P, Mao WW, Zhang S, Zhang L, Chen ZR, Lu ZD. Sodium hydrosulfide alleviates dexamethasone-induced cell senescence and dysfunction through targeting the miR-22/sirt1 pathway in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:238. [PMID: 33603846 PMCID: PMC7851607 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is characterized by osteoblastic cell and microarchitecture dysfunction, as well as a loss of bone mass. Cell senescence contributes to the pathological process of osteoporosis and sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) regulates the potent protective effects through delaying cell senescence. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether senescence could contribute to dexamethasone (Dex)-induced osteoblast impairment and to examine the effect of NaHS on Dex-induced cell senescence and damage. It was found that the levels of the senescence-associated markers, p53 and p21, were markedly increased in osteoblasts exposed to Dex. A p53 inhibitor reversed Dex-induced osteoblast injury, a process that was mitigated by NaHS administration through alleviating osteoblastic cell senescence. MicroRNA (miR)-22 blocked the impact of NaHS on Dex-induced osteoblast damage and senescence through targeting the regulation of Sirtuin 1 (sirt1) expression, as shown by the decreased cell viability and alkaline phosphatase activity, as well as an increased expression of p53 and p21. It was revealed that the sirt1 gene was the target of miR-22 in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells through combining the results of dual luciferase reporter assays and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, as well as western blot analyses. Silencing of sirt1 abolished the protective effect of NaHS against Dex-associated osteoblast senescence and injury. Taken together, the present study showed that NaHS prevents Dex-induced cell senescence and damage through targeting the miR-22/sirt1 pathway in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Wei Mao
- Clinical Skill Center of Yinchuan First People's Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Rong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Dong Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
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Giroud S, Habold C, Nespolo RF, Mejías C, Terrien J, Logan SM, Henning RH, Storey KB. The Torpid State: Recent Advances in Metabolic Adaptations and Protective Mechanisms †. Front Physiol 2021; 11:623665. [PMID: 33551846 PMCID: PMC7854925 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.623665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Torpor and hibernation are powerful strategies enabling animals to survive periods of low resource availability. The state of torpor results from an active and drastic reduction of an individual's metabolic rate (MR) associated with a relatively pronounced decrease in body temperature. To date, several forms of torpor have been described in all three mammalian subclasses, i.e., monotremes, marsupials, and placentals, as well as in a few avian orders. This review highlights some of the characteristics, from the whole organism down to cellular and molecular aspects, associated with the torpor phenotype. The first part of this review focuses on the specific metabolic adaptations of torpor, as it is used by many species from temperate zones. This notably includes the endocrine changes involved in fat- and food-storing hibernating species, explaining biomedical implications of MR depression. We further compare adaptive mechanisms occurring in opportunistic vs. seasonal heterotherms, such as tropical and sub-tropical species. Such comparisons bring new insights into the metabolic origins of hibernation among tropical species, including resistance mechanisms to oxidative stress. The second section of this review emphasizes the mechanisms enabling heterotherms to protect their key organs against potential threats, such as reactive oxygen species, associated with the torpid state. We notably address the mechanisms of cellular rehabilitation and protection during torpor and hibernation, with an emphasis on the brain, a central organ requiring protection during torpor and recovery. Also, a special focus is given to the role of an ubiquitous and readily-diffusing molecule, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), in protecting against ischemia-reperfusion damage in various organs over the torpor-arousal cycle and during the torpid state. We conclude that (i) the flexibility of torpor use as an adaptive strategy enables different heterothermic species to substantially suppress their energy needs during periods of severely reduced food availability, (ii) the torpor phenotype implies marked metabolic adaptations from the whole organism down to cellular and molecular levels, and (iii) the torpid state is associated with highly efficient rehabilitation and protective mechanisms ensuring the continuity of proper bodily functions. Comparison of mechanisms in monotremes and marsupials is warranted for understanding the origin and evolution of mammalian torpor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Giroud
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Caroline Habold
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC, UMR 7178, Strasbourg, France
| | - Roberto F. Nespolo
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, ANID – Millennium Science Initiative Program-iBio, Valdivia, Chile
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability, Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Mejías
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, ANID – Millennium Science Initiative Program-iBio, Valdivia, Chile
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability, Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jérémy Terrien
- Unité Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution (MECADEV), UMR 7179, CNRS, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Brunoy, France
| | | | - Robert H. Henning
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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166
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Oxidation of Hydrogen Sulfide by Quinones: How Polyphenols Initiate Their Cytoprotective Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020961. [PMID: 33478045 PMCID: PMC7835830 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We have shown that autoxidized polyphenolic nutraceuticals oxidize H2S to polysulfides and thiosulfate and this may convey their cytoprotective effects. Polyphenol reactivity is largely attributed to the B ring, which is usually a form of hydroxyquinone (HQ). Here, we examine the effects of HQs on sulfur metabolism using H2S- and polysulfide-specific fluorophores (AzMC and SSP4, respectively) and thiosulfate sensitive silver nanoparticles (AgNP). In buffer, 1,4-dihydroxybenzene (1,4-DB), 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ), pyrogallol (PG) and gallic acid (GA) oxidized H2S to polysulfides and thiosulfate, whereas 1,2-DB, 1,3-DB, 1,2-dihydroxy,3,4-benzoquinone and shikimic acid did not. In addition, 1,4-DB, 1,4-BQ, PG and GA also increased polysulfide production in HEK293 cells. In buffer, H2S oxidation by 1,4-DB was oxygen-dependent, partially inhibited by tempol and trolox, and absorbance spectra were consistent with redox cycling between HQ autoxidation and H2S-mediated reduction. Neither 1,2-DB, 1,3-DB, 1,4-DB nor 1,4-BQ reduced polysulfides to H2S in either 21% or 0% oxygen. Epinephrine and norepinephrine also oxidized H2S to polysulfides and thiosulfate; dopamine and tyrosine were ineffective. Polyphenones were also examined, but only 2,5-dihydroxy- and 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzophenones oxidized H2S. These results show that H2S is readily oxidized by specific hydroxyquinones and quinones, most likely through the formation of a semiquinone radical intermediate derived from either reaction of oxygen with the reduced quinones, or from direct reaction between H2S and quinones. We propose that polysulfide production by these reactions contributes to the health-promoting benefits of polyphenolic nutraceuticals.
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167
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Morris G, Walker AJ, Walder K, Berk M, Marx W, Carvalho AF, Maes M, Puri BK. Increasing Nrf2 Activity as a Treatment Approach in Neuropsychiatry. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2158-2182. [PMID: 33411248 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02212-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor encoded by NFE2L2. Under oxidative stress, Nrf2 does not undergo its normal cytoplasmic degradation but instead travels to the nucleus, where it binds to a DNA promoter and initiates transcription of anti-oxidative genes. Nrf2 upregulation is associated with increased cellular levels of glutathione disulfide, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione transferases, thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase. Given its key role in governing the cellular antioxidant response, upregulation of Nrf2 has been suggested as a common therapeutic target in neuropsychiatric illnesses such as major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, which are associated with chronic oxidative and nitrosative stress, characterised by elevated levels of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide and peroxynitrite. These processes lead to extensive lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and carbonylation, and oxidative damage to nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. Intake of N-acetylcysteine, coenzyme Q10 and melatonin is accompanied by increased Nrf2 activity. N-acetylcysteine intake is associated with improved cerebral mitochondrial function, decreased central oxidative and nitrosative stress, reduced neuroinflammation, alleviation of endoplasmic reticular stress and suppression of the unfolded protein response. Coenzyme Q10, which acts as a superoxide scavenger in neuroglial mitochondria, instigates mitohormesis, ameliorates lipid peroxidation in the inner mitochondrial membrane, activates uncoupling proteins, promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and has positive effects on the plasma membrane redox system. Melatonin, which scavenges mitochondrial free radicals, inhibits mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase, restores mitochondrial calcium homeostasis, deacetylates and activates mitochondrial SIRT3, ameliorates increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier and intestine and counters neuroinflammation and glutamate excitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Morris
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - A J Walker
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - K Walder
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - M Berk
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, The Department of Psychiatry and the Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - W Marx
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - A F Carvalho
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Maes
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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168
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Disrupted H 2S Signaling by Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol Drinking: Evidence from Cellular, Animal, and Clinical Studies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010049. [PMID: 33401622 PMCID: PMC7824711 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as an antioxidant regulator has sparked interest in its function within inflammatory diseases. Cigarette and alcohol use are major causes of premature death, resulting from chronic oxidative stress and subsequent tissue damage. The activation of the Nrf2 antioxidant response by H2S suggests that this novel gasotransmitter may function to prevent or potentially reverse disease progression caused by cigarette smoking or alcohol use. The purpose of this study is to review the interrelationship between H2S signaling and cigarette smoking or alcohol drinking. Based on the databases of cellular, animal, and clinical studies from Pubmed using the keywords of H2S, smoking, and/or alcohol, this review article provides a comprehensive insight into disrupted H2S signaling by alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking-caused disorders. Major signaling and metabolic pathways involved in H2S-derived antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses are further reviewed. H2S supplementation may prove to be an invaluable asset in treating or preventing diseases in those suffering from cigarette or alcohol addiction.
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169
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Xu C, Zhang M, Zhang G, Yan S, Yan W. Hydrogen Sulfide Improves Functional Recovery in Rat Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury Model by Inducing Nuclear Translocation of NF-E2-Related Factor 2. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:1093-1100. [PMID: 34334495 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an important gaseous messenger, is known to have neuroprotective effects in many neurological disorders. This study examined the neuroprotective effects and the associated mechanisms of H2S in the model Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with spinal cord injury (SCI). We found that H2S showed neuroprotective effects in SCI model rats, improved the symptoms of neurological impairment, reduced the secretion of inflammatory factors, nerve cell apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and oxidative stresses. Moreover, these effects were produced by activation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein. Our results suggest that H2S supplementation could be a potential therapeutic strategy to promote SCI recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
| | - Man Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
| | - Guangping Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Yibin City
| | - Sheng Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
| | - Weiqi Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
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170
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Cvetko F, Caldwell ST, Higgins M, Suzuki T, Yamamoto M, Prag HA, Hartley RC, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Murphy MP. Nrf2 is activated by disruption of mitochondrial thiol homeostasis but not by enhanced mitochondrial superoxide production. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100169. [PMID: 33298526 PMCID: PMC7948991 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.016551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) regulates the expression of genes involved in antioxidant defenses to modulate fundamental cellular processes such as mitochondrial function and GSH metabolism. Previous reports proposed that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and disruption of the GSH pool activate the Nrf2 pathway, suggesting that Nrf2 senses mitochondrial redox signals and/or oxidative damage and signals to the nucleus to respond appropriately. However, until now, it has not been possible to disentangle the overlapping effects of mitochondrial superoxide/hydrogen peroxide production as a redox signal from changes to mitochondrial thiol homeostasis on Nrf2. Recently, we developed mitochondria-targeted reagents that can independently induce mitochondrial superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production mitoParaquat (MitoPQ) or selectively disrupt mitochondrial thiol homeostasis MitoChlorodinitrobenzoic acid (MitoCDNB). Using these reagents, here we have determined how enhanced generation of mitochondrial superoxide and hydrogen peroxide or disruption of mitochondrial thiol homeostasis affects activation of the Nrf2 system in cells, which was assessed by the Nrf2 protein level, nuclear translocation, and expression of its target genes. We found that selective disruption of the mitochondrial GSH pool and inhibition of its thioredoxin system by MitoCDNB led to Nrf2 activation, whereas using MitoPQ to enhance the production of mitochondrial superoxide and hydrogen peroxide alone did not. We further showed that Nrf2 activation by MitoCDNB requires cysteine sensors of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). These findings provide important information on how disruption to mitochondrial redox homeostasis is sensed in the cytoplasm and signaled to the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Cvetko
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Maureen Higgins
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Takafumi Suzuki
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiran A Prag
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael P Murphy
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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171
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Ngowi EE, Afzal A, Sarfraz M, Khattak S, Zaman SU, Khan NH, Li T, Jiang QY, Zhang X, Duan SF, Ji XY, Wu DD. Role of hydrogen sulfide donors in cancer development and progression. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:73-88. [PMID: 33390834 PMCID: PMC7757040 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.47850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a vast number of potential cancer therapeutic targets have emerged. However, developing efficient and effective drugs for the targets is of major concern. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), one of the three known gasotransmitters, is involved in the regulation of various cellular activities such as autophagy, apoptosis, migration, and proliferation. Low production of H2S has been identified in numerous cancer types. Treating cancer cells with H2S donors is the common experimental technique used to improve H2S levels; however, the outcome depends on the concentration/dose, time, cell type, and sometimes the drug used. Both natural and synthesized donors are available for this purpose, although their effects vary independently ranging from strong cancer suppressors to promoters. Nonetheless, numerous signaling pathways have been reported to be altered following the treatments with H2S donors which suggest their potential in cancer treatment. This review will analyze the potential of H2S donors in cancer therapy by summarizing key cellular processes and mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebenezeri Erasto Ngowi
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Dar es Salaam University College of Education, Dar es Salaam 2329, Tanzania
- Kaifeng Municipal Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan Provincial Engineering Centre for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Attia Afzal
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab 56400, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sarfraz
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Kaifeng Municipal Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan Provincial Engineering Centre for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab 56400, Pakistan
| | - Saadullah Khattak
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Shams Uz Zaman
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Nazeer Hussain Khan
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Tao Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Qi-Ying Jiang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute for Innovative Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Shao-Feng Duan
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Institute for Innovative Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infection and Biological Safety, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Dong-Dong Wu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
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172
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Tao BB, Zhu YC. A Common Molecular Switch for H 2S to Regulate Multiple Protein Targets. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1315:1-16. [PMID: 34302686 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-0991-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide, a small molecule, produced by endogenous enzymes, such as CTH, CBS, and MPST using L-cysteine as substrates, has been reported to have numerous protective effects. However, the key problem that the target of H2S and how it can affect the structure and activity of biological molecules is still unknown. Till now, there are two main theories of its working mechanism. One is that H2S can modify the free thiol in cysteine to produce the persulfide state of the thiol and the sulfhydration of cysteine can significantly change the structure and activity of target proteins. The other theory is that H2S, as an antioxidant molecule, can directly break the disulfide bond in target proteins, and the persulfide state of thiol can be an intermediate product during the reaction. Both phenomena exit for no doubt since they are both supported by large amounts of experiments. Here, we will summarize both theories and try to discuss which one is the more effective or direct mechanism for H2S and what is the relationship between them. Therefore, we will discover more protein targets of H2S with the mechanism and understand more about the effect of this small molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei-Bei Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Chun Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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173
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Zhao S, Song T, Gu Y, Zhang Y, Cao S, Miao Q, Zhang X, Chen H, Gao Y, Zhang L, Han Y, Wang H, Pu J, Xie L, Ji Y. Hydrogen Sulfide Alleviates Liver Injury Through the S-Sulfhydrated-Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1/Nuclear Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2/Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 1 Pathway. Hepatology 2021; 73:282-302. [PMID: 32219872 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Protein S-sulfhydration mediated by H2 S has been shown to play important roles in several diseases. However, its precise role in liver disease and the related mechanism remain unclear. APPROACH AND RESULTS We showed that in streptozotocin (STZ)-treated and high-fat diet (HFD)-treated low-density lipoprotein receptor-negative (LDLr-/- ) mice, the H2 S donor GYY4137 ameliorated liver injury, decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, mitigated lipid deposition, and reduced hepatocyte death. Strikingly, S-sulfhydration of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) was decreased in the livers of patients with fatty liver under diabetic conditions. In STZ+HFD-treated LDLr-/- mice and in high glucose-treated and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated primary mouse hepatocytes, the GYY4137-mediated increase in Keap1 S-sulfhydration induced nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) dissociation from Keap1, which enhanced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 itself and the consequent expression of antioxidant proteins. Keap1 Cys151 mutation significantly reduced Keap1 S-sulfhydration and abolished the hepatoprotective effects of H2 S both in vivo and in vitro. Nrf2 deficiency inhibited the H2 S-induced beneficial impacts in Nrf2-/- mice. Similarly, in CCl4 -stimulated mice, GYY4137 increased Keap1 S-sulfhydration, improved liver function, alleviated liver fibrosis, decreased hepatic oxidative stress, and activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway; and these effects were abrogated after Keap1 Cys151 mutation. Moreover, H2 S increased the binding of Nrf2 to the promoter region of LDLr-related protein 1 (Lrp1) and consequently up-regulated LRP1 expression, but these effects were disrupted by Keap1 Cys151 mutation. CONCLUSIONS H2 S-mediated Keap1 S-sulfhydration alleviates liver damage through activation of Nrf2. Hence, administration of exogenous H2 S in the form of the H2 S donor GYY4137 may be of therapeutic benefit in the context of concurrent hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia-induced or CCl4 -stimulated liver dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianyu Song
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Gu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Miao
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongshan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanqing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jun Pu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Xie
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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174
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Hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) signaling in plant development and stress responses. ABIOTECH 2021; 2:32-63. [PMID: 34377579 PMCID: PMC7917380 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-021-00035-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was initially recognized as a toxic gas and its biological functions in mammalian cells have been gradually discovered during the past decades. In the latest decade, numerous studies have revealed that H2S has versatile functions in plants as well. In this review, we summarize H2S-mediated sulfur metabolic pathways, as well as the progress in the recognition of its biological functions in plant growth and development, particularly its physiological functions in biotic and abiotic stress responses. Besides direct chemical reactions, nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) have complex relationships with H2S in plant signaling, both of which mediate protein post-translational modification (PTM) to attack the cysteine residues. We also discuss recent progress in the research on the three types of PTMs and their biological functions in plants. Finally, we propose the relevant issues that need to be addressed in the future research. GRAPHIC ABSTRACT SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42994-021-00035-4.
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175
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Ali A, Wang Y, Wu L, Yang G. Gasotransmitter signaling in energy homeostasis and metabolic disorders. Free Radic Res 2020; 55:83-105. [PMID: 33297784 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1862827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gasotransmitters are small molecules of gases, including nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and carbon monoxide (CO). These three gasotransmitters can be endogenously produced and regulate a wide range of pathophysiological processes by interacting with specific targets upon diffusion in the biological media. By redox and epigenetic regulation of various physiological functions, NO, H2S, and CO are critical for the maintenance of intracellular energy homeostasis. Accumulated evidence has shown that these three gasotransmitters control ATP generation, mitochondrial biogenesis, glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism, and thermogenesis, etc. Abnormal generation and metabolism of NO, H2S, and/or CO are involved in various abnormal metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. In this review, we summarized the roles of NO, H2S, and CO in the regulation of energy homeostasis as well as their involvements in the metabolism of dysfunction-related diseases. Understanding the interaction among these gasotransmitters and their specific molecular targets are very important for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Ali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Yuehong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Lingyun Wu
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,School of Human Kinetics, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Health Science North Research Institute, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Guangdong Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
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176
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Kasamatsu S. Persulfide-Dependent Regulation of Electrophilic Redox Signaling in Neural Cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:1320-1331. [PMID: 32536194 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Redox homeostasis is precisely modulated by intricate systems that regulate production, elimination, and metabolism of electrophilic substances (electrophiles) in the nervous system. Since the first report of the endogenous production of reactive persulfide species in cells, such as cysteine persulfides (CysSSH), these reactive species have been a topic of extreme interest in the field of redox biology; persulfides/polysulfides possess unique chemical properties and are involved in multiple cellular functions. Recent Advances: Electrophilic signaling is mainly regulated by endogenous electrophiles that are generated from reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and their derivatives during stress responses, as well as by exogenous electrophiles, including compounds in foods and environmental pollutants, such as methylmercury (MeHg). Among diverse electrophiles that are endogenously generated, 8-nitroguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-nitro-cGMP) possesses unique redox properties, of which the biosynthetic pathway, signaling mechanism, and metabolism in cells have been elucidated. Critical Issues: Persulfides, such as CysSSH, that are endogenously produced are critically involved in 8-nitro-cGMP metabolism. Exposure of neurons to the exogenous neurotoxicant, MeHg, causes severe neurodegeneration via disruption of persulfide-dependent 8-nitro-cGMP metabolism. Future Directions: Accumulating evidence indicates that persulfides are involved in various cellular functions under physiological and pathological conditions. These new aspects of redox biology related to persulfides may be frontiers of cell research, medical and clinical investigations of neurodegenerative diseases, as well as other fields. 8-Nitro-cGMP-mediated signaling and its persulfide-dependent metabolism in cells could, therefore, be potential targets for drug development, which may lead to the discovery of new therapeutic agents for many diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Kasamatsu
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
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177
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Calabrese V, Scuto M, Salinaro AT, Dionisio G, Modafferi S, Ontario ML, Greco V, Sciuto S, Schmitt CP, Calabrese EJ, Peters V. Hydrogen Sulfide and Carnosine: Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Kidney and Brain Axis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121303. [PMID: 33353117 PMCID: PMC7767317 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that the dysregulation of cellular redox homeostasis and chronic inflammatory processes are implicated in the pathogenesis of kidney and brain disorders. In this light, endogenous dipeptide carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exert cytoprotective actions through the modulation of redox-dependent resilience pathways during oxidative stress and inflammation. Several recent studies have elucidated a functional crosstalk occurring between kidney and the brain. The pathophysiological link of this crosstalk is represented by oxidative stress and inflammatory processes which contribute to the high prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders, cognitive impairment, and dementia during the natural history of chronic kidney disease. Herein, we provide an overview of the main pathophysiological mechanisms related to high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and neurotoxins, which play a critical role in the kidney–brain crosstalk. The present paper also explores the respective role of H2S and carnosine in the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation in the kidney–brain axis. It suggests that these activities are likely mediated, at least in part, via hormetic processes, involving Nrf2 (Nuclear factor-like 2), Hsp 70 (heat shock protein 70), SIRT-1 (Sirtuin-1), Trx (Thioredoxin), and the glutathione system. Metabolic interactions at the kidney and brain axis level operate in controlling and reducing oxidant-induced inflammatory damage and therefore, can be a promising potential therapeutic target to reduce the severity of renal and brain injuries in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (V.C.); (A.T.S.)
| | - Maria Scuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Angela Trovato Salinaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (V.C.); (A.T.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Dionisio
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Research Center Flakkebjerg, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark;
| | - Sergio Modafferi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Maria Laura Ontario
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Valentina Greco
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Sebastiano Sciuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Claus Peter Schmitt
- Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.P.S.); (V.P.)
| | - Edward J. Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;
| | - Verena Peters
- Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.P.S.); (V.P.)
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178
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Wang Y, Yu R, Wu L, Yang G. Hydrogen sulfide guards myoblasts from ferroptosis by inhibiting ALOX12 acetylation. Cell Signal 2020; 78:109870. [PMID: 33290842 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recognized as a novel and important gasotransmitter, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is widely present in various tissues and organs. Cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE)-derived H2S has been shown to regulate oxidative stress and lipid metabolism. The aim of the present study is to examine the role of H2S in ferroptosis and lipid peroxidation in mouse myoblasts and skeletal muscles. Ferroptosis agonist RSL3 inhibited the expressions of Gpx4 and reduced CSE/H2S signaling, which lead to increased oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and ferroptotic cell death. In addition, ferroptosis antagonist ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) up-regulated the expression of CSE, scavenged the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation, and improved cell viability. Exogenously applied NaHS was also able to block RSL3-induced ferroptotic cell death. Neither RSL3 nor H2S affected cell apoptosis. Furthermore, H2S reversed RSL3-induced Drp1 expression and mitochondrial damage, which lead to abnormal lipid metabolism as evidenced by altered expressions of ACSL4, FAS, ACC and CPT1 as well as higher acetyl-CoA contents in both cytoplasm and mitochondria. RSL3 promoted the protein expression and acetylation of ALOX12, a key protein in initiating membrane phospholipid oxidation, while the addition of NaHS attenuated ALOX12 acetylation and protected from membrane lipid peroxidation. Moreover, we observed that CSE deficiency alters the expressions of ferroptosis and lipid peroxidation-related proteins and enhances global protein acetylation in mouse skeletal muscles under aging or injury conditions. These results indicate that downregulation of CSE/H2S signaling would contribute to mitochondrial damage, abnormal lipid metabolism, membrane lipid peroxidation, and ferroptotic cell death. CSE/H2S system can be a target for preventing ferroptosis in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Ruihuan Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Lingyun Wu
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada; School of Human Kinetics, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada; Health Science North Research Institute, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Guangdong Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.
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179
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Abstract
Significance: Oxidative stress in moderation positively affects homeostasis through signaling, while in excess it is associated with adverse health outcomes. Both activities are generally attributed to reactive oxygen species (ROS); hydrogen peroxide as the signal, and cysteines on regulatory proteins as the target. However, using antioxidants to affect signaling or benefit health has not consistently translated into expected outcomes, or when it does, the mechanism is often unclear. Recent Advances: Reactive sulfur species (RSS) were integral in the origin of life and throughout much of evolution. Sophisticated metabolic pathways that evolved to regulate RSS were easily "tweaked" to deal with ROS due to the remarkable similarities between the two. However, unlike ROS, RSS are stored, recycled, and chemically more versatile. Despite these observations, the relevance and regulatory functions of RSS in extant organisms are generally underappreciated. Critical Issues: A number of factors bias observations in favor of ROS over RSS. Research conducted in room air is hyperoxic to cells, and promotes ROS production and RSS oxidation. Metabolic rates of rodent models greatly exceed those of humans; does this favor ROS? Analytical methods designed to detect ROS also respond to RSS. Do these disguise the contributions of RSS? Future Directions: Resolving the ROS/RSS issue is vital to understand biology in general and human health in particular. Improvements in experimental design and analytical methods are crucial. Perhaps the most important is an appreciation of all the attributes of RSS and keeping an open mind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R Olson
- Department of Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend, South Bend, Indiana, USA
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180
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A comparison of the chemical biology of hydropersulfides (RSSH) with other protective biological antioxidants and nucleophiles. Nitric Oxide 2020; 107:46-57. [PMID: 33253886 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The hydropersulfide (RSSH) functional group has received significant recent interest due to its unique chemical properties that set it apart from other biological species. The chemistry of RSSH predicts that one possible biological role may be as a protectant against cellular oxidative and electrophilic stress. That is, RSSH has reducing and nucleophilic properties that may combat the potentially destructive biochemistry of toxicologically relevant oxidants and electrophiles. However, there are currently numerous other molecules that have established roles in this regard. For example, ascorbate and tocopherols are potent antioxidants that quench deleterious oxidative reactions and glutathione (GSH) is a well-established and highly prevalent biological protectant against electrophile toxicity. Thus, in order to begin to understand the possible role of RSSH species as protectants against oxidative/electrophilic stress, the inherent chemical properties of RSSH versus these other protectants will be discussed and contrasted.
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181
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An Overview of Nrf2 Signaling Pathway and Its Role in Inflammation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225474. [PMID: 33238435 PMCID: PMC7700122 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 601] [Impact Index Per Article: 150.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a key driver in many pathological conditions such as allergy, cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, and many others, and the current state of available drugs prompted researchers to explore new therapeutic targets. In this context, accumulating evidence indicates that the transcription factor Nrf2 plays a pivotal role controlling the expression of antioxidant genes that ultimately exert anti-inflammatory functions. Nrf2 and its principal negative regulator, the E3 ligase adaptor Kelch-like ECH- associated protein 1 (Keap1), play a central role in the maintenance of intracellular redox homeostasis and regulation of inflammation. Interestingly, Nrf2 is proved to contribute to the regulation of the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) axis, which is a potent anti-inflammatory target. Recent studies showed a connection between the Nrf2/antioxidant response element (ARE) system and the expression of inflammatory mediators, NF-κB pathway and macrophage metabolism. This suggests a new strategy for designing chemical agents as modulators of Nrf2 dependent pathways to target the immune response. Therefore, the present review will examine the relationship between Nrf2 signaling and the inflammation as well as possible approaches for the therapeutic modulation of this pathway.
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182
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Kasamatsu S, Kakihana Y, Koga T, Yoshioka H, Ihara H. Generation of Rat Monoclonal Antibody to Detect Hydrogen Sulfide and Polysulfides in Biological Samples. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111160. [PMID: 33233376 PMCID: PMC7700152 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is endogenously produced by enzymes and via reactive persulfide/polysulfide degradation; it participates in a variety of biological processes under physiological and pathological conditions. H2S levels in biological fluids, such as plasma and serum, are correlated with the severity of various diseases. Therefore, development of a simple and selective H2S measurement method would be advantageous. This study aimed to generate antibodies specifically recognizing H2S derivatives and develop a colorimetric immunoassay for measuring H2S in biological samples. We used N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) as an H2S detection agent that forms a stable bis-S-adduct (NEM-S-NEM). We also prepared bis-S-heteroadduct with 3-maleimidopropionic acid, which, in conjugation with bovine serum albumin, was to immunize Japanese white rabbits and Wistar rats to enable generation of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, respectively. The generated antibodies were evaluated by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We could obtain two stable hybridoma cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies specific for NEM-S-NEM. By immunoassay with the monoclonal antibody, the H2S level in mouse plasma was determined as 0.2 μM, which was identical to the level detected by mass spectrometry. Taken together, these monoclonal antibodies can be a useful tool for a simple and highly selective immunoassay to detect H2S in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hideshi Ihara
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-72-254-9753; Fax: +81-72-254-9163
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183
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Yang CT, Devarie-Baez NO, Hamsath A, Fu XD, Xian M. S-Persulfidation: Chemistry, Chemical Biology, and Significance in Health and Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:1092-1114. [PMID: 31547682 PMCID: PMC7583347 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Significance: S-Persulfidation generates persulfide adducts (RSSH) on both small molecules and proteins. This process is believed to be critical in the regulation of biological functions of reactive sulfur species such as H2S, as well as in signal transduction. S-Persulfidation also plays regulatory roles in human health and diseases. Recent Advances: Some mechanisms underlying the generation of low-molecular-weight persulfides and protein S-persulfidation in living organisms have been uncovered. Some methods for the specific delivery of persulfides and the detection of persulfides in biological systems have been developed. These advances help to pave the road to better understand the functions of S-persulfidation. Critical Issues: Persulfides are highly reactive and unstable. Currently, their identification relies on trapping them by S-alkylation, but this is not always reliable due to rapid sulfur exchange reactions. Therefore, the presence, identity, and fates of persulfides in biological environments are sometimes difficult to track. Future Directions: Further understanding the fundamental chemistry/biochemistry of persulfides and development of more reliable detection methods are needed. S-Persulfidation in specific protein targets is essential in organismal physiological health and human disease states. Besides cardiovascular and neuronal systems, the roles of persulfidation in other systems need to be further explored. Contradictory results of persulfidation in biology, especially in cancer, need to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Tao Yang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Protein Modification and Degradation Key Lab of Guangzhou and Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology in School of Pharmaceutics Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Nelmi O Devarie-Baez
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University-Tri Cities, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Akil Hamsath
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Xiao-Dong Fu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Protein Modification and Degradation Key Lab of Guangzhou and Guangdong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology in School of Pharmaceutics Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Xian
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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184
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The multifaceted roles of sulfane sulfur species in cancer-associated processes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1862:148338. [PMID: 33212042 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sulfane sulfur species comprise a variety of biologically relevant hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-derived species, including per- and poly-sulfidated low molecular weight compounds and proteins. A growing body of evidence suggests that H2S, currently recognized as a key signaling molecule in human physiology and pathophysiology, plays an important role in cancer biology by modulating cell bioenergetics and contributing to metabolic reprogramming. This is accomplished through functional modulation of target proteins via H2S binding to heme iron centers or H2S-mediated reversible per- or poly-sulfidation of specific cysteine residues. Since sulfane sulfur species are increasingly viewed not only as a major source of H2S but also as key mediators of some of the biological effects commonly attributed to H2S, the multifaceted role of these species in cancer biology is reviewed here with reference to H2S, focusing on their metabolism, signaling function, impact on cell bioenergetics and anti-tumoral properties.
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185
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Kidney Ischemia-Reperfusion Decreases Hydrogen Sulfide and Increases Oxidative Stress in the Heart. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10111565. [PMID: 33212962 PMCID: PMC7698428 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The underlying mechanism of AKI-induced heart injury is not well-understood. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), at physiological concentrations, has been implicated in cardiovascular protection through redox balance and vessel relaxation. Cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE) plays an essential role in H2S production in the heart. The present study investigated the effect of AKI on H2S production and oxidative stress in the heart. AKI was induced by kidney ischemia-reperfusion in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats, which led to an increase in plasma creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. There was a significant increase in lipid peroxidation and a decrease in glutathione (antioxidant) levels in the plasma and heart, indicating systemic and cardiac oxidative stress. Kidney ischemia-reperfusion reduced CSE expression and H2S production in the heart. There was a decrease in antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2 level in the nucleus and an increase in inflammatory cytokine (IL-6, TNF-α) expression in the heart. These results suggest that AKI can down-regulate CSE-mediated H2S production, reduce glutathione levels and increase oxidative stress in the heart. This may contribute to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in AKI.
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186
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Yu B, Yuan Z, Yang X, Wang B. Prodrugs of Persulfides, Sulfur Dioxide, and Carbon Disulfide: Important Tools for Studying Sulfur Signaling at Various Oxidation States. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:1046-1059. [PMID: 32041416 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Bioactive sulfur species such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), persulfide species (R-SnSH, n ≥ 1), hydrogen polysulfide (H2Sn, n ≥ 2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and carbon disulfide (CS2) participate in various physiological and/or pathological pathways such as vasodilation, apoptosis, inflammation, and energy metabolism regulation. The oxidation state of the individual sulfur species endows them unique biological activities. Recent Advances: There have been great strides made in achieving molecular understanding of the sulfur-signaling processes. Critical Issues: The development of various chemical tools that deliver reactive sulfur species in a controllable manner has played an important role in understanding the different roles of various sulfur species. In this review, we focus on three types of sulfur species, including persulfide, SO2, and CS2. Starting with a brief introduction of their physiological functions, we will then assess the various drug delivery strategies to generate persulfide species, SO2, and CS2 as research tools and potentially as therapeutic agents. Future Directions: Development of donors of various sulfur species that respond to distinct stimulus is critical for this field. Another key to the long-term success of this field is the identification of an area of unmet medical need that can be addressed with these sulfur species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingchen Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Zhengnan Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Binghe Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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187
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Beck KF, Pfeilschifter J. Gasotransmitter synthesis and signalling in the renal glomerulus. Implications for glomerular diseases. Cell Signal 2020; 77:109823. [PMID: 33152441 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Glomerular injury is a hallmark of kidney diseases such as diabetic nephropathy, IgA nephropathy or other forms of glomerulonephritis. Glomerular endothelial cells, mesangial cells, glomerular epithelial cells (podocytes) and, in an inflammatory context, infiltrating immune cells crosstalk to mediate signalling processes in the glomerulus. Under physiological conditions, mesangial cells act by the control of extracellular matrix production and degradation, by the synthesis of growth factors and by preserving a well-defined crosstalk with glomerular podocytes and endothelial cells to regulate glomerular structure and function. It is well known that mesangial cells are able to amplify an inflammatory process by the formation of cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). This exaggerated reaction may result in a vicious cycle with subsequent damage of neighboured podocytes and endothelial cells, loss of the filtration barrier and, finally destruction of the whole glomerulus. Unfortunately, all efforts to develop new therapies for the treatment of glomerular diseases by controlling unbridled ROS or NO production directly had so far no success. However, on-going research on ROS and NO defined these autacoids more as important signalling molecules than as endogenously produced cytotoxic compounds. New findings on signalling activities of ROS, NO but also hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon monoxide (CO) supported this paradigm shift. Because of their similar chemical properties and their similar signal transduction capacities, NO, H2S and CO are meanwhile designated as the group of gasotransmitters. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of the signalling properties of gasotransmitters with a focus on glomerular cells and their role in glomerular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Friedrich Beck
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Josef Pfeilschifter
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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188
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Piragine E, Calderone V. Pharmacological modulation of the hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) system by dietary H 2 S-donors: A novel promising strategy in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Phytother Res 2020; 35:1817-1846. [PMID: 33118671 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents the most common age-related metabolic disorder, and its management is becoming both a health and economic issue worldwide. Moreover, chronic hyperglycemia represents one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular complications. In the last years, the emerging evidence about the role of the endogenous gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) in the pathogenesis and progression of T2DM led to increasing interest in the pharmacological modulation of endogenous "H2 S-system". Indeed, H2 S directly contributes to the homeostatic maintenance of blood glucose levels; moreover, it improves impaired angiogenesis and endothelial dysfunction under hyperglycemic conditions. Moreover, H2 S promotes significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects, thus preventing hyperglycemia-induced vascular damage, diabetic nephropathy, and cardiomyopathy. Therefore, H2 S-releasing molecules represent a promising strategy in both clinical management of T2DM and prevention of macro- and micro-vascular complications associated to hyperglycemia. Recently, growing attention has been focused on dietary organosulfur compounds. Among them, garlic polysulfides and isothiocyanates deriving from Brassicaceae have been recognized as H2 S-donors of great pharmacological and nutraceutical interest. Therefore, a better understanding of the therapeutic potential of naturally occurring H2 S-donors may pave the way to a more rational use of these nutraceuticals in the modulation of H2 S homeostasis in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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189
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Jin X, Chen D, Wu F, Zhang L, Huang Y, Lin Z, Wang X, Wang R, Xu L, Chen Y. Hydrogen Sulfide Protects Against Ammonia-Induced Neurotoxicity Through Activation of Nrf2/ARE Signaling in Astrocytic Model of Hepatic Encephalopathy. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:573422. [PMID: 33192318 PMCID: PMC7642620 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.573422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) characterized by neuropsychiatric abnormalities is a major complication of cirrhosis with high mortality. However, the pathogenesis of HE has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to determine endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the blood of HE patients and investigate the role of H2S in an astrocytic model of HE. Methods: Patients with and without HE were recruited to determine plasma H2S levels and blood microbial 16S rRNA gene. Rat astrocytes were employed as a model of HE by treatment of NH4Cl. Exogenous H2S was preadded. Cell viability was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and cell death was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. Apoptosis was determined by Hoechst 33342/Propidium Iodide (PI) Double Staining and Western blot analysis of apoptosis-related protein expression. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were assessed by flow cytometer. Expressions of Nrf2 and its downstream regulated genes were examined by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot, respectively. Nrf2 gene knockdown was performed by antisense shRNA of Nrf2 gene. Results: There was a significant decrease in H2S levels in cirrhotic patients with HE compared with without HE. Blood microbiota analyses revealed that certain strains associated with H2S production were negatively correlated with HE. In vitro, H2S markedly attenuated NH4Cl-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. This effect was mediated by Nrf2/ARE signaling, and knockdown of Nrf2 expression abolished the antagonistic effect of H2S on NH4Cl-induced neurotoxicity in astrocytes. Conclusion: Levels of H2S and bacteria associated with H2S production are decreased in HE, and H2S functions as the neuroprotector against NH4Cl-induced HE by activating Nrf2/ARE signaling of astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhi Jin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dazhi Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Faling Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lanman Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou, China
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190
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Zhao C, Yu N, Li W, Cai H, Liu M, Hu Y, Liu Y, Tang M. Slow-Release H 2S Donor Anethole Dithiolethione Protects Liver From Lipotoxicity by Improving Fatty Acid Metabolism. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:549377. [PMID: 33071780 PMCID: PMC7538629 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.549377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
"Lipotoxicity" induced by free fatty acids (FAs) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of many metabolic diseases, with few treatment options available today. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a novel gaseous signaling molecule, has been reported to have a variety of pharmacological properties, but its effect on FAs metabolism remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanisms of anethole dithiolethione (ADT, a sustained-release H2S donor) on hepatic FAs metabolism. ADT was administered daily for 4 weeks in male Syrian golden hamsters fed a high fat diet (HFD), and FAs profiles of liver tissues were analyzed using GC-MS. The results showed that in HFD-fed hamsters, ADT treatment significantly reduced the accumulation of toxic saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (C16:0, C18:0, C16:1, and C18:1n9), while increased the content of n-6 and n-3 series polyunsaturated fatty acids (C20:3n6, C20:4n6, and C22:6n3). Mechanistically, ADT obviously inhibited the overexpression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase1 (ACC1), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and stearoyl-CoA desaturase1 (SCD1), and up-regulated the levels of fatty acid transport proteins (FATPs), liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α (CPT1α), fatty acid desaturase (FADS)1 and FADS2. Notably, ADT administration significantly promoted Mitofusin1-mediated mitochondrial fusion and fatty acid β-oxidation. These findings suggest that ADT plays a beneficial role by regulating the synthesis, desaturation, β-oxidation, uptake, binding/isolation, and transport of FAs. In conclusion, ADT is effective in improving FAs metabolic disorders and liver injuries caused by HFD, which renders ADT a candidate drug for lipotoxicity-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Nannan Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenqun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hualin Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mouze Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanjie Hu
- Department of Stomatology, Suiyang County People's Hospital, Zunyi, China
| | - Yiping Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mimi Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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191
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Gonzalez A, Huerta-Salgado C, Orozco-Aguilar J, Aguirre F, Tacchi F, Simon F, Cabello-Verrugio C. Role of Oxidative Stress in Hepatic and Extrahepatic Dysfunctions during Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1617805. [PMID: 33149804 PMCID: PMC7603619 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1617805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathology that contains a broad liver dysfunctions spectrum. These alterations span from noninflammatory isolated steatosis until nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a more aggressive form of the disease characterized by steatosis, inflammatory status, and varying liver degrees fibrosis. NAFLD is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide. The causes of NAFLD are diverse and include genetic and environmental factors. The presence of NASH is strongly associated with cirrhosis development and hepatocellular carcinoma, two conditions that require liver transplantation. The liver alterations during NAFLD are well described. Interestingly, this pathological condition also affects other critical tissues and organs, such as skeletal muscle and even the cardiovascular, renal, and nervous systems. Oxidative stress (OS) is a harmful state present in several chronic diseases, such as NAFLD. The purpose of this review is to describe hepatic and extrahepatic dysfunctions in NAFLD. We will also review the influence of OS on the physiopathological events that affect the critical function of the liver and peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camila Huerta-Salgado
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Josué Orozco-Aguilar
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Aguirre
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Franco Tacchi
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channels-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Universidad de Chile, Chile
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Cabello-Verrugio
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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192
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Sun F, Luo JH, Yue TT, Wang FX, Yang CL, Zhang S, Wang XQ, Wang CY. The role of hydrogen sulphide signalling in macrophage activation. Immunology 2020; 162:3-10. [PMID: 32876334 PMCID: PMC7730026 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is the latest identified small gaseous mediator enabled by its lipophilic nature to freely permeate the biological membranes. Initially, H2S was recognized by its roles in neuronal activity and vascular relaxation, which makes it an important molecule involved in paracrine signalling pathways. Recently, the immune regulatory function of gasotransmitters, H2S in particular, is increasingly being appreciated. Endogenous H2S level has been linked to macrophage activation, polarization and inflammasome formation. Mechanistically, H2S‐induced protein S‐sulphydration suppresses several inflammatory pathways including NF‐κB and JNK signalling. Moreover, H2S serves as a potent cellular redox regulator to modulate epigenetic alterations and to promote mitochondrial biogenesis in macrophages. Here in this review, we intend to summarize the recent advancements of H2S studies in macrophages, and to discuss with focus on the therapeutic potential of H2S donors by targeting macrophages. The feasibility of H2S signalling component as a macrophage biomarker under disease conditions would be also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Sun
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia-Hui Luo
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tian-Tian Yue
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fa-Xi Wang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chun-Liang Yang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin-Qiang Wang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cong-Yi Wang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
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193
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Cao X, Cao L, Zhang W, Lu R, Bian JS, Nie X. Therapeutic potential of sulfur-containing natural products in inflammatory diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 216:107687. [PMID: 32966837 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the prevalence of chronic inflammation and its related disorders, there is a demand for novel therapeutic agents capable of preventing or suppressing inflammation. Natural products (NPs) are well established as an important resource for drug development and provide an almost infinite array of molecular entities. Sulfur-containing NPs (i.e., NPs containing one or more sulfur atoms) are abundant throughout nature, from bacteria to animals. The aim of this review was to survey the emerging evidence on role of sulfur-containing NPs, such as glutathione, garlic-derived sulfur compounds, Epipolythiodioxopiperazines (EPTs), Isothiocyanates (ITCs), and Ergothioneine (EGT), in the control of inflammation and to determine the possible underlying mechanisms. A discussion of how hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenous gaseous signaling molecule, links sulfur-containing NPs and their anti-inflammatory action is also performed. This review may help to further the development of sulfur-based compounds by providing a guide for structure-activity relationship-based modification for use in modern medicinal chemistry. However, as this field is still in its infancy, the review is concluded by an overview of the progression of these promising entities as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Republic of Singapore
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wencan Zhang
- Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Republic of Singapore
| | - Rongzhu Lu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Xiaowei Nie
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Republic of Singapore; Institute of Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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194
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Olson KR, Briggs A, Devireddy M, Iovino NA, Skora NC, Whelan J, Villa BP, Yuan X, Mannam V, Howard S, Gao Y, Minnion M, Feelisch M. Green tea polyphenolic antioxidants oxidize hydrogen sulfide to thiosulfate and polysulfides: A possible new mechanism underpinning their biological action. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101731. [PMID: 33002760 PMCID: PMC7527747 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Matcha and green tea catechins such as (−)-epicatechin (EC), (−)-epigallocatechin (EGC) and (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) have long been studied for their antioxidant and health-promoting effects. Using specific fluorophores for H2S (AzMC) and polysulfides (SSP4) as well as IC-MS and UPLC-MS/MS-based techniques we here show that popular Japanese and Chinese green teas and select catechins all catalytically oxidize hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to polysulfides with the potency of EGC > EGCG >> EG. This reaction is accompanied by the formation of sulfite, thiosulfate and sulfate, consumes oxygen and is partially inhibited by the superoxide scavenger, tempol, and superoxide dismutase but not mannitol, trolox, DMPO, or the iron chelator, desferrioxamine. We propose that the reaction proceeds via a one-electron autoxidation process during which one of the OH-groups of the catechin B-ring is autooxidized to a semiquinone radical and oxygen is reduced to superoxide, either of which can then oxidize HS− to thiyl radicals (HS•) which react to form hydrogen persulfide (H2S2). H2S oxidation reduces the B-ring back to the hydroquinone for recycling while the superoxide is reduced to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Matcha and catechins also concentration-dependently and rapidly produce polysulfides in HEK293 cells with the potency order EGCG > EGC > EG, an EGCG threshold of ~300 nM, and an EC50 of ~3 μM, suggesting green tea also acts as powerful pro-oxidant in vivo. The resultant polysulfides formed are not only potent antioxidants, but elicit a cascade of secondary cytoprotective effects, and we propose that many of the health benefits of green tea are mediated through these reactions. Remarkably, all green tea leaves constitutively contain small amounts of H2S2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R Olson
- Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
| | - Austin Briggs
- Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Monesh Devireddy
- Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA
| | - Nicholas A Iovino
- Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Nicole C Skora
- Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Jenna Whelan
- Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Brian P Villa
- Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Xiaotong Yuan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Varun Mannam
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Scott Howard
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Yan Gao
- Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend, South Bend, IN, 46617, USA
| | - Magdalena Minnion
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Center, University of Southampton, Southampton, General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Martin Feelisch
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Center, University of Southampton, Southampton, General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
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195
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Abstract
Integrated immunometabolic responses link dietary intake, energy utilization, and storage to immune regulation of tissue function and is therefore essential for the maintenance and restoration of homeostasis. Adipose-resident leukocytes have non-traditional immunological functions that regulate organismal metabolism by controlling insulin action, lipolysis, and mitochondrial respiration to control the usage of substrates for production of heat versus ATP. Energetically expensive vital functions such as immunological responses might have thus evolved to respond accordingly to dietary surplus and deficit of macronutrient intake. Here, we review the interaction of dietary intake of macronutrients and their metabolism with the immune system. We discuss immunometabolic checkpoints that promote healthspan and highlight how dietary fate and regulation of glucose, fat, and protein metabolism might affect immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen H Lee
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Vishwa Deep Dixit
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Center for Research on Aging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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196
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Yuan H, Xu Y, Luo Y, Wang NX, Xiao JH. Role of Nrf2 in cell senescence regulation. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:247-259. [PMID: 32918185 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03901-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a key transcription factor known to be involved in maintaining cell redox balance and signal transduction and plays central role in reducing intracellular oxidative stress damage, delaying cell senescence and preventing age-related diseases. However, it has been shown that the level of Nrf2 decreases with age and that the silencing of the Nrf2 gene is associated with the induction of premature senescence. Therefore, a plethora of researchers have focused on elucidating the regulatory mechanism of Nrf2 in the prevention of cell senescence. This complex regulatory mechanism of Nrf2 in the cell senescence process involves coordinated regulation of multiple signaling molecules. After summarizing the function of Nrf2 and its relationship with cell senescence pathway, this review focuses on the recent advances and progress made in elucidating the regulatory mechanism of Nrf2 in the cell senescence process. Additionally, the information collected here may provide insights for further research on Nrf2, in particular, on its regulatory mechanism in the cell senescence process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yuan
- Zunyi Municiptal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Xu
- Zunyi Municiptal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, People's Republic of China.,Guizhou Provincial Research Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Luo
- Zunyi Municiptal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, People's Republic of China.,Guizhou Provincial Research Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, People's Republic of China
| | - Nuo-Xin Wang
- Zunyi Municiptal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, People's Republic of China.,Guizhou Provincial Research Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Hui Xiao
- Zunyi Municiptal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, People's Republic of China. .,Guizhou Provincial Research Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, People's Republic of China. .,Zunyi Municiptal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi, 563003, People's Republic of China.
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197
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Bellezza I, Riuzzi F, Chiappalupi S, Arcuri C, Giambanco I, Sorci G, Donato R. Reductive stress in striated muscle cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:3547-3565. [PMID: 32072237 PMCID: PMC11105111 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03476-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Reductive stress is defined as a condition of sustained increase in cellular glutathione/glutathione disulfide and NADH/NAD+ ratios. Reductive stress is emerging as an important pathophysiological event in several diseased states, being as detrimental as is oxidative stress. Occurrence of reductive stress has been documented in several cardiomyopathies and is an important pathophysiological factor particularly in coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. Excess activation of the transcription factor, Nrf2-the master regulator of the antioxidant response-, consequent in most cases to defective autophagy, can lead to reductive stress. In addition, hyperglycemia-induced activation of the polyol pathway can lead to increased NADH/NAD+ ratio, which might translate into increased levels of hydrogen sulfide-via enhanced activity of cystathionine β-synthase-that would fuel reductive stress through inhibition of mitochondrial complex I. Reductive stress may be either a potential weapon against cancer priming tumor cells to apoptosis or a cancer's ally promoting tumor cell proliferation and making tumor cells resistant to reactive oxygen species-inducing drugs. In non-cancer pathological states reductive stress is definitely harmful paradoxically leading to reactive oxygen species overproduction via excess NADPH oxidase 4 activity. In face of the documented occurrence of reductive stress in several heart diseases, there is much less information about the occurrence and effects of reductive stress in skeletal muscle tissue. In the present review we describe relevant results emerged from studies of reductive stress in the heart and review skeletal muscle conditions in which reductive stress has been experimentally documented and those in which reductive stress might have an as yet unrecognized pathophysiological role. Establishing whether reductive stress has a (patho)physiological role in skeletal muscle will hopefully contribute to answer the question whether antioxidant supplementation to the general population, athletes, and a large cohort of patients (e.g. heart, sarcopenic, dystrophic, myopathic, cancer, and bronco-pulmonary patients) is harmless or detrimental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Bellezza
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Riuzzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Sara Chiappalupi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Cataldo Arcuri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ileana Giambanco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Sorci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
- Centro Universitario Di Ricerca Sulla Genomica Funzionale, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rosario Donato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy.
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy.
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198
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Hipólito A, Nunes SC, Vicente JB, Serpa J. Cysteine Aminotransferase (CAT): A Pivotal Sponsor in Metabolic Remodeling and an Ally of 3-Mercaptopyruvate Sulfurtransferase (MST) in Cancer. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173984. [PMID: 32882966 PMCID: PMC7504796 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic remodeling is a critical skill of malignant cells, allowing their survival and spread. The metabolic dynamics and adaptation capacity of cancer cells allow them to escape from damaging stimuli, including breakage or cross-links in DNA strands and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, promoting resistance to currently available therapies, such as alkylating or oxidative agents. Therefore, it is essential to understand how metabolic pathways and the corresponding enzymatic systems can impact on tumor behavior. Cysteine aminotransferase (CAT) per se, as well as a component of the CAT: 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MST) axis, is pivotal for this metabolic rewiring, constituting a central mechanism in amino acid metabolism and fulfilling the metabolic needs of cancer cells, thereby supplying other different pathways. In this review, we explore the current state-of-art on CAT function and its role on cancer cell metabolic rewiring as MST partner, and its relevance in cancer cells' fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Hipólito
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School|Faculty of Medical Sciences, University NOVA of Lisbon, Campus dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.H.); (S.C.N.)
- Institute of Oncology Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sofia C. Nunes
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School|Faculty of Medical Sciences, University NOVA of Lisbon, Campus dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.H.); (S.C.N.)
- Institute of Oncology Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João B. Vicente
- Institute of Technology, Chemistry and Biology António Xavier (ITQB NOVA), Avenida da República (EAN), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.B.V.); (J.S.)
| | - Jacinta Serpa
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School|Faculty of Medical Sciences, University NOVA of Lisbon, Campus dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.H.); (S.C.N.)
- Institute of Oncology Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.B.V.); (J.S.)
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199
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Testai L, Citi V, Martelli A, Brogi S, Calderone V. Role of hydrogen sulfide in cardiovascular ageing. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105125. [PMID: 32783975 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western society and ageing is a relevant non-modifiable risk factor. Morphological and functional alterations at endothelial level represent first events of ageing, inevitably followed by vascular dysfunction and consequent atherosclerosis that deeply influences cardiovascular health. Indeed, myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis typically occur and contribute to compromise overall cardiac output. As regards the intracellular molecular mechanisms involved in the cardiovascular ageing, an intricate network is emerging, revealing a role for many mediators, including SIRT1/AMPK/PCG1α pathway, anti-oxidants factors (i.e. Nrf-2 and FOXOs) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, the search for pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies that can promote a "healthy ageing", in order to slow down age-related machinery, are currently an exciting challenge for the biomedical research. Interestingly, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been recently recognized as a new player capable to influence intracellular machinery involved in ageing and then it is view as a potential target for preventing cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this review is focused on the role of H2S in cardiovascular ageing, and on the evidence of the relationship between progressive decline in endogenous H2S levels and the onset of various cardiovascular age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno, 6-56120, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing, Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, 56120, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD)", University of Pisa, 56120, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Valentina Citi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno, 6-56120, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno, 6-56120, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing, Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, 56120, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD)", University of Pisa, 56120, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Brogi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno, 6-56120, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno, 6-56120, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing, Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, 56120, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD)", University of Pisa, 56120, Pisa, Italy
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200
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Meitern R, Fort J, Giraudeau M, Rattiste K, Sild E, Sepp T. Age-dependent expression of cancer-related genes in a long-lived seabird. Evol Appl 2020; 13:1708-1718. [PMID: 32821278 PMCID: PMC7428815 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of model animals like mice and rats have led to great advances in our understanding of the process of tumorigenesis, but this line of study has less to offer for understanding the mechanisms of cancer resistance. Increasing the diversity of nonmodel species from the perspective of molecular mechanisms of natural cancer resistance can lead to new insights into the evolution of protective mechanisms against neoplastic processes and to a wider understanding of natural cancer defense mechanisms. Such knowledge could then eventually be harnessed for the development of human cancer therapies. We suggest here that seabirds are promising, albeit currently completely ignored candidates for studying cancer defense mechanisms, as they have a longer maximum life span than expected from their body size and rates of energy metabolism and may have thus evolved mechanisms to limit neoplasia progression, especially at older ages. We here apply a novel, intraspecific approach of comparing old and young seabirds for improving our understanding of aging and neoplastic processes in natural settings. We used the long-lived common gulls (Larus canus) for studying the age-related pattern of expression of cancer-related genes, based on transcriptome analysis and databases of orthologues of human cancer genes. The analysis of differently expressed cancer-related genes between young and old gulls indicated that similarly to humans, age is potentially affecting cancer risk in this species. Out of eleven differentially expressed cancer-related genes between the groups, three were likely artifactually linked to cancer. The remaining eight were downregulated in old gulls compared to young ones. The downregulation of five of them could be interpreted as a mechanism suppressing neoplasia risk and three as increasing the risk. Based on these results, we suggest that old gulls differ from young ones both from the aspect of cancer susceptibility and tumor suppression at the genetic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Meitern
- Institute of Ecology and Earth SciencesUniversity of TartuTartuEstonia
| | - Jérôme Fort
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs)UMR 7266 CNRS‐La Rochelle UniversitéLa RochelleFrance
| | | | - Kalev Rattiste
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesEstonian University of Life SciencesTartuEstonia
| | - Elin Sild
- Institute of Ecology and Earth SciencesUniversity of TartuTartuEstonia
| | - Tuul Sepp
- Institute of Ecology and Earth SciencesUniversity of TartuTartuEstonia
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