151
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Nagarajan D, McArdle SEB. Immune Landscape of Breast Cancers. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6010020. [PMID: 29439457 PMCID: PMC5874677 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a very heterogeneous disease, both at a molecular and a histological level. Five intrinsic subtypes were initially identified-Luminal-A, Luminal-B, HER2⁺, Triple negative/basal like (TNBC) and normal like-subsequently expanded to seven (Basal-like-1 and 2, mesenchymal, mesenchymal stem-like, luminal androgen receptor, immuno-modulatory and unstable). Although genetic and epigenetic changes are key pathogenic events, the immune system plays a substantial role in promoting progression and metastasis. This review will discuss the extent to which immune cells can be detected within the tumor microenvironment, as well as their prognostic role and relationship with the microbiome, with an emphasis on TNBC.
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152
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Cerón-Carrasco JP, Pérez-Sánchez H, Zúñiga J, Requena A. Antibodies as Carrier Molecules: Encapsulating Anti-Inflammatory Drugs inside Herceptine. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:2064-2072. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b10749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José Pedro Cerón-Carrasco
- Bioinformatics
and High Performance Computing Research Group (BIO-HPC), Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM) Campus de los Jerónimos, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Horacio Pérez-Sánchez
- Bioinformatics
and High Performance Computing Research Group (BIO-HPC), Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM) Campus de los Jerónimos, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - José Zúñiga
- Departamento
de Química Física, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Requena
- Departamento
de Química Física, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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153
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Copeland RA, Boriack-Sjodin PA. The Elements of Translational Chemical Biology. Cell Chem Biol 2018; 25:128-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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154
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Gori S, Foglietta J, Mameli MG, Stocchi L, Fenocchio D, Anastasi P, Iacono D, Del Sordo R, Basurto C, De Angelis V, Sidoni A. HER-3 Status by Immunohistochemistry in HER-2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Trastuzumab: Correlation with Clinical Outcome. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 98:39-44. [DOI: 10.1177/030089161209800105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aims and Background HER-3 signaling might contribute to resistance to trastuzumab. To clarify the role of HER-3 in HER-2-positive breast cancer, it is important to evaluate the level of HER-3 and its correlations with clinical outcome in metastatic breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab. Methods HER-3 status by immunohistochemistry was evaluated in HER-2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab-based therapy at our institution. Two scorings were utilized for interpreting staining for HER-3, and the correlation between HER-3 status and clinical outcome was evaluated. Results We evaluated HER-3 status in 61 of 76 HER-2-positive metastatic breast cancers treated with trastuzumab-based therapy at our institution from 4/1999 to 3/2006. We observed 55.2% objective responses; median time to progression and overall survival from start of trastuzumab therapy were 9.6 months (0.921–78.87) and 29.1 months (1.4–129.5+), respectively. With a cutoff of 50% staining tumor cells, we found 30 HER-3-negative and 31 HER-3-positive tumors. HER-3 status was not significantly associated with clinical outcome, but a shorter time to progression and overall survival were observed in patients with HER-3-positive tumors. Conclusions HER-3 status by immunohistochemistry was not significantly associated with clinical outcome in HER-2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the prognostic and predictive role of HER-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Gori
- Medical Oncology Department, “S. Maria della Misericordia” Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia
| | - Jennifer Foglietta
- Medical Oncology Department, “S. Maria della Misericordia” Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia
| | - Maria Grazia Mameli
- Institute of Pathological Anatomy and Histology, Perugia University, Perugia
| | - Lucia Stocchi
- Medical Oncology Department, “S. Maria della Misericordia” Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia
| | - Daniela Fenocchio
- Pathological Anatomy and Histology Service, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paola Anastasi
- Medical Oncology Department, “S. Maria della Misericordia” Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia
| | - Daniela Iacono
- Medical Oncology Department, “S. Maria della Misericordia” Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia
| | - Rachele Del Sordo
- Institute of Pathological Anatomy and Histology, Perugia University, Perugia
| | - Carlo Basurto
- Medical Oncology Department, “S. Maria della Misericordia” Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia
| | - Verena De Angelis
- Medical Oncology Department, “S. Maria della Misericordia” Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia
| | - Angelo Sidoni
- Institute of Pathological Anatomy and Histology, Perugia University, Perugia
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155
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Miolo G, Muraro E, Caruso D, Crivellari D, Ash A, Scalone S, Lombardi D, Rizzolio F, Giordano A, Corona G. Pharmacometabolomics study identifies circulating spermidine and tryptophan as potential biomarkers associated with the complete pathological response to trastuzumab-paclitaxel neoadjuvant therapy in HER-2 positive breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:39809-39822. [PMID: 27223427 PMCID: PMC5129972 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Defining biomarkers that predict therapeutic effects and adverse events is a crucial mandate to guide patient selection for personalized cancer treatments. In the present study, we applied a pharmacometabolomics approach to identify biomarkers potentially associated with pathological complete response to trastuzumab-paclitaxel neoadjuvant therapy in HER-2 positive breast cancer patients. Based on histological response the 34 patients enrolled in the study were subdivided into two groups: good responders (n = 15) and poor responders (n = 19). The pre-treatment serum targeted metabolomics profile of all patients were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and the differences in the metabolomics profile between the two groups was investigated by multivariate partial least squares discrimination analysis. The most relevant metabolites that differentiate the two groups of patients were spermidine and tryptophan. The Good responders showed higher levels of spermidine and lower amounts of tryptophan compared with the poor responders (p < 0.001, q < 0.05). The serum level of these two metabolites identified patients who achieved a pathological complete response with a sensitivity of 90% [0.79–1.00] and a specificity of 0.87% [0.67–1.00]. These preliminary results support the role played by the individual patients' metabolism in determining the response to cancer treatments and may be a useful tool to select patients that are more likely to benefit from the trastuzumab-paclitaxel treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianmaria Miolo
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Elena Muraro
- Department of Translational Research, IRCCS-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Department of Pharmacological and Bimolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Diana Crivellari
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Anthony Ash
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Simona Scalone
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Davide Lombardi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Department of Translational Research, IRCCS-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Giuseppe Corona
- Department of Translational Research, IRCCS-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
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156
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Kaneko MK, Yamada S, Itai S, Kato Y. Development of an Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody H2Mab-139 Against Colon Cancer. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2018; 37:59-62. [PMID: 29315012 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2017.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression has been reported in several cancers, such as breast, gastric, lung, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers. HER2 is overexpressed in those cancers and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Trastuzumab, a humanized anti-HER2 antibody, provides significant survival benefits for patients with HER2-overexpressing breast cancers and gastric cancers. In this study, we developed a novel anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (mAb), H2Mab-139 (IgG1, kappa) and investigated it against colon cancers using flow cytometry, western blot, and immunohistochemical analyses. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that H2Mab-139 reacted with colon cancer cell lines, such as Caco-2, HCT-116, HCT-15, HT-29, LS 174T, COLO 201, COLO 205, HCT-8, SW1116, and DLD-1. Although H2Mab-139 strongly reacted with LN229/HER2 cells on the western blot, we did not observe a specific signal for HER2 in colon cancer cell lines. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed sensitive and specific reactions of H2Mab-139 against colon cancers, indicating that H2Mab-139 is useful in detecting HER2 overexpression in colon cancers using flow cytometry and immunohistochemical analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika K Kaneko
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinji Yamada
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Itai
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan .,2 New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University , Sendai, Japan
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157
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Glycoengineering of antibody (Herceptin) through yeast expression and in vitro enzymatic glycosylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:720-725. [PMID: 29311294 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1718172115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been developed as therapeutics, especially for the treatment of cancer, inflammation, and infectious diseases. Because the glycosylation of mAbs in the Fc region influences their interaction with effector cells that kill antibody-targeted cells, and the current method of antibody production is relatively expensive, efforts have been directed toward the development of alternative expressing systems capable of large-scale production of mAbs with desirable glycoforms. In this study, we demonstrate that the mAb trastuzumab expressed in glycoengineered P. pastoris can be remodeled through deglycosylation by endoglycosidases identified from the Carbohydrate Active Enzymes database and through transglycosylation using glycans with a stable leaving group to generate a homogeneous antibody designed to optimize the effector functions. The 10 newly identified recombinant bacterial endoglycosidases are complementary to existing endoglycosidases (EndoA, EndoH, EndoS), two of which can even accept sialylated tri- and tetraantennary glycans as substrates.
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158
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159
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Abdel-Fatah TMA, Rees RC, Pockley AG, Moseley P, Ball GR, Chan SYT, Ellis IO, Miles AK. The localization of pre mRNA splicing factor PRPF38B is a novel prognostic biomarker that may predict survival benefit of trastuzumab in patients with breast cancer overexpressing HER2. Oncotarget 2017; 8:112245-112257. [PMID: 29348822 PMCID: PMC5762507 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer biomarkers that can define disease status and provide a prognostic insight are essential for the effective management of patients with breast cancer (BC). The prevalence, clinicopathological and prognostic significance of PRPF38B expression in a consecutive series of 1650 patients with primary invasive breast carcinoma were examined using immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, the relationship(s) between clinical outcome and PRPF38B expression was explored in 627 patients with ER-negative (oestrogen receptor) disease, and 322 patients with HER2-overexpressing disease. Membranous expression of PRPF38B was observed in 148/1388 (10.7%) cases and was significantly associated with aggressive clinicopathological features, including high grade, high mitotic index, pleomorphism, invasive ductal carcinoma of no specific type (IDC-NST), ER-negative, HER2-overexpression and p53 mutational status (all p < 0.01). In patients with ER-negative disease receiving chemotherapy, nuclear expression of PRPF38B was significantly associated with a reduced risk of relapse (p = 0.0004), whereas membranous PRPF38B expression was significantly associated with increased risk of relapse (p = 0.004; respectively) at a 5 year follow-up. When patients were stratified according to ER-negative/HER2-positive status, membranous PRPF38B expression was associated with a higher risk of relapse in those patients that did not receive trastuzumab therapy (p = 0.02), whereas in those patients with ER-negative/HER2-positive disease that received trastuzumab adjuvant therapy, membranous PRPF38B expression associated with a lower risk of relapse (p = 0.00018). Nuclear expression of PRPF38B is a good prognostic indicator in both ER-negative patients and ER-negative/HER2-positive BC (breast cancer) patients, whereas membranous localisation of PRPF38B is a poor prognostic biomarker that predicts survival benefit from trastuzumab therapy in patients with ER-negative/HER2-overexpressing BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek M A Abdel-Fatah
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Robert C Rees
- The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - A Graham Pockley
- The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Paul Moseley
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Graham R Ball
- The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Stephen Y T Chan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Ian O Ellis
- Department of Histopathology, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Amanda K Miles
- The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
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160
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Corraliza-Gorjón I, Somovilla-Crespo B, Santamaria S, Garcia-Sanz JA, Kremer L. New Strategies Using Antibody Combinations to Increase Cancer Treatment Effectiveness. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1804. [PMID: 29312320 PMCID: PMC5742572 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies have proven their high value in antitumor therapy over the last two decades. They are currently being used as the first-choice to treat some of the most frequent metastatic cancers, like HER2+ breast cancers or colorectal cancers, currently treated with trastuzumab (Herceptin) and bevacizumab (Avastin), respectively. The impressive therapeutic success of antibodies inhibiting immune checkpoints has extended the use of therapeutic antibodies to previously unanticipated tumor types. These anti-immune checkpoint antibodies allowed the cure of patients devoid of other therapeutic options, through the recovery of the patient’s own immune response against the tumor. In this review, we describe how the antibody-based therapies will evolve, including the use of antibodies in combinations, their main characteristics, advantages, and how they could contribute to significantly increase the chances of success in cancer therapy. Indeed, novel combinations will consist of mixtures of antibodies against either different epitopes of the same molecule or different targets on the same tumor cell; bispecific or multispecific antibodies able of simultaneously binding tumor cells, immune cells or extracellular molecules; immunomodulatory antibodies; antibody-based molecules, including fusion proteins between a ligand or a receptor domain and the IgG Fab or Fc fragments; autologous or heterologous cells; and different formats of vaccines. Through complementary mechanisms of action, these combinations could contribute to elude the current limitations of a single antibody which recognizes only one particular epitope. These combinations may allow the simultaneous attack of the cancer cells by using the help of the own immune cells and exerting wider therapeutic effects, based on a more specific, fast, and robust response, trying to mimic the action of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Corraliza-Gorjón
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Somovilla-Crespo
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Santamaria
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose A Garcia-Sanz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonor Kremer
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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161
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Gąciarz A, Ruddock LW. Complementarity determining regions and frameworks contribute to the disulfide bond independent folding of intrinsically stable scFv. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189964. [PMID: 29253024 PMCID: PMC5734687 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CyDisCo is a system facilitating disulfide bond formation in recombinant proteins in the cytoplasm of Escherichia coli. Previously we screened for soluble expression of single chain antibody fragments (scFv) in the cytoplasm of E. coli in the presence and absence of CyDisCo, with >90% being solubly expressed. Two scFv, those derived from natalizumab and trastuzumab, were solubly produced in high amounts even in the absence of folding catalysts i.e. disulfide bond formation is not critical for their folding. Here we investigate the contribution of the framework and the complementarity determining regions (CDRs) of scFv to the disulfide-independence of folding. We swapped CDRs between four scFv that have different properties, including two scFv that can efficiently fold independently from disulfide bonds and two more disulfide-dependent scFv. To confirm disulfide-independence we generated cysteine to alanine mutants of the disulfide-independent scFv. All of the scFv were tested for soluble expression in the cytoplasm of E. coli in the presence and absence of the oxidative folding catalysts Erv1p and PDI. Eight of the hybrid scFv were solubly produced in the presence of CyDisCo, while seven were solubly produced in the absence of CyDisCo, though the yields were often much lower when CyDisCo was absent. Soluble expression was also observed for scFv natalizumab and trastuzumab containing no cysteines. We compared yields, thermal stability and secondary structure of solubly produced scFv and undertook binding studies by western blotting, dot blotting or surface plasmon resonance of those produced in good yields. Our results indicate that both the CDRs and the framework contribute to the disulfide-dependence of soluble production of scFv, with the CDRs having the largest effect. In addition, there was no correlation between thermal stability and disulfide-dependence of folding and only a weak correlation between the yield of protein and the thermal stability of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gąciarz
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Lloyd W. Ruddock
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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162
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Yamada S, Itai S, Nakamura T, Chang YW, Harada H, Suzuki H, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Establishment of H2Mab-119, an Anti-Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Monoclonal Antibody, Against Pancreatic Cancer. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2017; 36:287-290. [DOI: 10.1089/mab.2017.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Yamada
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Itai
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuro Nakamura
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yao-Wen Chang
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Harada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sendai Medical Center, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika K. Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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163
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Singla H, Ludhiadch A, Kaur RP, Chander H, Kumar V, Munshi A. Recent advances in HER2 positive breast cancer epigenetics: Susceptibility and therapeutic strategies. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 142:316-327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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164
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Hosseini Ghatar R, Soltantoyeh T, Bahadori T, Golara M, Hassannia H, Khosravi Eghbal R, Khoshnoodi J, Judaki MA, Golsaz-Shirazi F, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Amiri MM, Shokri F. Epitope Mapping of Human HER2 Specific Mouse Monoclonal Antibodies Using Recombinant Extracellular Subdomains. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:3103-3110. [PMID: 29172286 PMCID: PMC5773798 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.11.3103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in several human malignancies
and numerous studies have indicated that it plays important roles in the development and maintenance of the malignant
phenotype. Targeting of HER2 molecules with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is a promising therapeutic approach.
However, anti-HER2 mAbs affect cancer cells differently, depending on the distinct epitopes which are the targets.
Methods: Reactivity of a panel of 8 mouse anti-HER2 mAbs was investigated by ELISA and Western blotting using
different subdomains of the extracellular domain (ECD) of HER2. All subdomains, including I, II, III, IV, I+II,
III+IV and full HER2-ECD were constructed and expressed in CHO cells. Cross-reactivity of the mAbs with other
members of the human HER family and Cynomolgus HER2 was also studied by ELISA. The mAbs were also tested
by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using HER2 positive breast cancer tissues. Results: Our results demonstrated that 3
out of 8 mAbs detected conformational epitopes (1T0, 2A8 and 1B5), while 5 mAbs identified linear epitopes (1F2,
1H9, 4C7, 1H6 and 2A9). Three of the mAbs recognized subdomain I, one reacted with subdomain I+II, 2 recognized
either subdomain III or IV and 2 recognized subdomain III+IV. However, none of our mAbs recognized the subdomain
II alone. The mAbs displayed either inhibitory or stimulatory effects on HER2-overexpressing tumor cells and did not
react with other members of the human HER family. The pattern of IHC results implied better reactivity of the mAbs
recognizing linear epitopes. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that paired subdomains of HER2 are essential for
mapping of mAbs recognizing conformational epitopes. Moreover, there seems to be no association between subdomain
specificity and antitumor activity of our anti-HER2 mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Hosseini Ghatar
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,
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165
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Lee MH, Yee J, Kim YJ, Moon JY, Kim JH, Rhie SJ, Gwak HS. Factors for time to trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients. Med Oncol 2017; 34:199. [PMID: 29164397 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-017-1041-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Trastuzumab is a drug used for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer patients. Due to blockage of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 signaling in cardiac myocytes, cardiotoxicity has been observed. There are many studies that investigated risk factors for trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity, but no study has been published for factors on the time to cardiotoxicity. This study aimed to investigate the factors for the time to occur trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity. From January 2014 to December 2015, a retrospective study was performed with breast cancer patients who were treated with trastuzumab. Associations between presence of and time to cardiotoxicity and various factors were analyzed. Based on multivariate models, it was found that baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 62.5% (AHR 5.96, 95% CI 2543-13.95) and anthracycline-based chemotherapy (AHR 7.90, 95% CI 1.05-59.71) were significant factors for time to cardiotoxicity after adjusting other confounding factors. Multivariate analysis also showed that BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2 and baseline LVEF value < 62.5% increased cardiotoxicity 3.0 and 6.6 times, respectively. Our study showed that BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2, LVEF < 62.5%, and anthracycline-based chemotherapy were associated with time to trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity. Thus, close monitoring of cardiac function is recommended especially for patients using the above risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hyung Lee
- Graduate School of Converging Clinical & Public Health, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, 10408, Korea
| | - Jeong Yee
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Young Ju Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, 10408, Korea
| | - Jin Young Moon
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, 10408, Korea
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Joo Hee Kim
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon-si, 16499, Korea
| | - Sandy Jeong Rhie
- Graduate School of Converging Clinical & Public Health, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Korea
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Hye Sun Gwak
- Graduate School of Converging Clinical & Public Health, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Korea.
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea.
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166
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Association of anti-HER2 antibody with graphene oxide for curative treatment of osteosarcoma. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 14:581-593. [PMID: 29170110 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The finding of HER2 overexpression in osteosarcoma (OS) makes HER2 a potential therapeutic target. However, studies indicate OS cells are nonresponsive to anti-HER2 antibody trastuzumab (TRA) therapy. We established stable, non-covalent association of TRA with nanomaterial graphene oxide (GO) to generated multivalent TRA/GO complexes that demonstrated markedly enhanced HER2-binding activity and capacity to rapidly kill OS cells. TRA/GO simultaneously induced oxidative stress and HER2 signaling in the target cells, leading to rapid depletion of the cellular inhibitors of apoptosis protein (cIAP) and caspase-8, formation of RIP1/RIPK3/MLKL necroptosome and necroptosis of the OS cells. Intravenous administration of TRA/GO eradicated established xenograft the OS in immunodeficient mice, resulting in indefinite survival of the animals, whereas TRA in its original form failed to do so. No appreciable side effects were observed with TRA/GO therapy. The results demonstrate a novel, nontoxic, curative therapy for a HER2pos cancer in a preclinical animal model.
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167
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Wang J, Dzuricky M, Chilkoti A. The Weak Link: Optimization of the Ligand-Nanoparticle Interface To Enhance Cancer Cell Targeting by Polymer Micelles. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:5995-6005. [PMID: 28853896 PMCID: PMC6372105 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Many promising targeting ligands are hydrophobic peptides, and these ligands often show limited accessibility to receptors, resulting in suboptimal targeting. A systematic study to elucidate the rules for the design of linkers that optimize their presentation on nanoparticles has not been carried out to date. In this study, we recombinantly synthesized an elastin-like polypeptide diblock copolymer (ELPBC) that self-assembles into monodisperse micelles. AHNP and EC1, two hydrophobic ErbB2-targeted peptide ligands, were incorporated at the C-terminus of the ELPBC with an intervening peptide linker. We tested more than 20 designs of peptide linkers, where the linker could be precisely engineered at the gene level to systematically investigate the molecular parameters-sequence, length, and charge-of the peptide linker that optimally assist ligands in targeting the ErbB2 receptor on cancer cells. We found that peptide linkers with a minimal length of 12 hydrophilic amino acids and an overall cationic charge-and that impart a zeta potential of the micelle that is close to neutral-were necessary to enhance the uptake of peptide-modified ELPBC micelles by cancer cells that overexpress the ErbB2 receptor. This work advances our understanding of the optimal presentation of hydrophobic ligands by nanoparticles and suggests design rules for peptide linkers for targeted delivery by polymer micelles, an emerging class of nanoparticle carriers for drugs and imaging agents.
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168
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Amiri MM, Golsaz-Shirazi F, Soltantoyeh T, Hosseini-Ghatar R, Bahadori T, Khoshnoodi J, Navabi SS, Farid S, Karimi-Jafari MH, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Shokri F. Hersintuzumab: A novel humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody induces potent tumor growth inhibition. Invest New Drugs 2017; 36:171-186. [PMID: 28983766 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-017-0518-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Humanized monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against HER2 including trastuzumab and pertuzumab are widely used to treat HER2 overexpressing metastatic breast cancers. These two mAbs recognize distinct epitopes on HER2 and their combination induces a more potent blockade of HER2 signaling than trastuzumab alone. Recently, we have reported characterization of a new chimeric mAb (c-1T0) which binds to an epitope different from that recognized by trastuzumab and significantly inhibits proliferation of HER2 overexpressing tumor cells. Here, we describe humanization of this mAb by grafting all six complementarity determining regions (CDRs) onto human variable germline genes. Humanized VH and VL sequences were synthesized and ligated to human γ1 and κ constant region genes using splice overlap extension (SOE) PCR. Subsequently, the humanized antibody designated hersintuzumab was expressed and characterized by ELISA, Western blot and flow cytometry. The purified humanized mAb binds to recombinant HER2 and HER2-overexpressing tumor cells with an affinity comparable with the chimeric and parental mouse mAbs. It recognizes an epitope distinct from those recognized by trastuzumab and pertuzumab. Binding of hersintuzumab to HER2 overexpressing tumor cells induces G1 cell cycle arrest, inhibition of ERK and AKT signaling pathways and growth inhibition. Moreover, hersintuzumab could induce antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) on BT-474 cells. This new humanized mAb is a potentially valuable tool for single or combination breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mehdi Amiri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Golsaz-Shirazi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Soltantoyeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Hosseini-Ghatar
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tannaz Bahadori
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalal Khoshnoodi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shadi Sadat Navabi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Farid
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fazel Shokri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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169
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Zhao Q, Parris AB, Howard EW, Zhao M, Ma Z, Guo Z, Xing Y, Yang X. FGFR inhibitor, AZD4547, impedes the stemness of mammary epithelial cells in the premalignant tissues of MMTV-ErbB2 transgenic mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11306. [PMID: 28900173 PMCID: PMC5595825 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11751-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) regulates signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation and differentiation. Currently, the anti-tumor properties of FGFR inhibitors are being tested in preclinical and clinical studies. Nevertheless, reports on FGFR inhibitor-mediated breast cancer prevention are sparse. In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer benefits of AZD4547, an FGFR1-3 inhibitor, in ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer models. AZD4547 (1-5 µM) demonstrated potent anti-proliferative effects, inhibition of stemness, and suppression of FGFR/RTK signaling in ErbB2-overexpressing human breast cancer cells. To study the in vivo effects of AZD4547 on mammary development, mammary epithelial cell (MEC) populations, and oncogenic signaling, MMTV-ErbB2 transgenic mice were administered AZD4547 (2-6 mg/kg/day) for 10 weeks during the 'risk window' for mammary tumor development. AZD4547 significantly inhibited ductal branching and MEC proliferation in vivo, which corroborated the in vitro anti-proliferative properties. AZD4547 also depleted CD24/CD49f-sorted MEC populations, as well as the CD61highCD49fhigh tumor-initiating cell-enriched population. Importantly, AZD4547 impaired stem cell-like characteristics in primary MECs and spontaneous tumor cells. Moreover, AZD4547 downregulated RTK, mTOR, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways in premalignant mammary tissues. Collectively, our data provide critical preclinical evidence for AZD4547 as a potential breast cancer preventative and therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Zhao
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA.,Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Amanda B Parris
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Erin W Howard
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ming Zhao
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zhikun Ma
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA.,College of Medicine, Henan University of Sciences and Technology, Luoyang, P.R. China
| | - Zhiying Guo
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ying Xing
- Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohe Yang
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA. .,College of Medicine, Henan University of Sciences and Technology, Luoyang, P.R. China.
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170
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Ilieva KM, Fazekas-Singer J, Achkova DY, Dodev TS, Mele S, Crescioli S, Bax HJ, Cheung A, Karagiannis P, Correa I, Figini M, Marlow R, Josephs DH, Beavil AJ, Maher J, Spicer JF, Jensen-Jarolim E, Tutt AN, Karagiannis SN. Functionally Active Fc Mutant Antibodies Recognizing Cancer Antigens Generated Rapidly at High Yields. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1112. [PMID: 28959256 PMCID: PMC5604060 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies find broad application as therapy for various types of cancer by employing multiple mechanisms of action against tumors. Manipulating the Fc-mediated functions of antibodies that engage immune effector cells, such as NK cells, represents a strategy to influence effector cell activation and to enhance antibody potency and potentially efficacy. We developed a novel approach to generate and ascertain the functional attributes of Fc mutant monoclonal antibodies. This entailed coupling single expression vector (pVitro1) antibody cloning, using polymerase incomplete primer extension (PIPE) polymerase chain reaction, together with simultaneous Fc region point mutagenesis and high yield transient expression in human mammalian cells. Employing this, we engineered wild type, low (N297Q, NQ), and high (S239D/I332E, DE) FcR-binding Fc mutant monoclonal antibody panels recognizing two cancer antigens, HER2/neu and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4. Antibodies were generated with universal mutagenic primers applicable to any IgG1 pVitro1 constructs, with high mutagenesis and transfection efficiency, in small culture volumes, at high yields and within 12 days from design to purified material. Antibody variants conserved their Fab-mediated recognition of target antigens and their direct anti-proliferative effects against cancer cells. Fc mutations had a significant impact on antibody interactions with Fc receptors (FcRs) on human NK cells, and consequently on the potency of NK cell activation, quantified by immune complex-mediated calcium mobilization and by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of tumor cells. This strategy for manipulation and testing of Fc region engagement with cognate FcRs can facilitate the design of antibodies with defined effector functions and potentially enhanced efficacy against tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina M Ilieva
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Breast Cancer Now Unit, School of Cancer Sciences, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Judit Fazekas-Singer
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Y Achkova
- School of Cancer Sciences, King's College London, Bermondsey Wing, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tihomir S Dodev
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, London, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Mele
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Crescioli
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Heather J Bax
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Cheung
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Breast Cancer Now Unit, School of Cancer Sciences, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Panagiotis Karagiannis
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Oncology, Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital of Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Isabel Correa
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mariangela Figini
- Molecular Therapies Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Rebecca Marlow
- Breast Cancer Now Unit, School of Cancer Sciences, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Debra H Josephs
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,School of Cancer Sciences, King's College London, Bermondsey Wing, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Beavil
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Maher
- School of Cancer Sciences, King's College London, Bermondsey Wing, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Immunology, Eastbourne Hospital, Eastbourne, United Kingdom
| | - James F Spicer
- School of Cancer Sciences, King's College London, Bermondsey Wing, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrew N Tutt
- Breast Cancer Now Unit, School of Cancer Sciences, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sophia N Karagiannis
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,Breast Cancer Now Unit, School of Cancer Sciences, Guy's Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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171
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Kawaguchi K, Suzuki E, Nishie M, Kii I, Kataoka TR, Hirata M, Inoue M, Pu F, Iwaisako K, Tsuda M, Yamaguchi A, Haga H, Hagiwara M, Toi M. Downregulation of neuropilin-1 on macrophages modulates antibody-mediated tumoricidal activity. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2017; 66:1131-1142. [PMID: 28432397 PMCID: PMC11029735 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-017-2002-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1)-expressing macrophages are engaged in antitumor immune functions via various mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the role of NRP-1 on macrophages in antibody-mediated tumoricidal activity. Treatment of macrophages with NRP-1 knockdown or an anti-NRP-1-neutralizing antibody significantly suppressed antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and modulated cytokine secretion from macrophages in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo studies using a humanized mouse model bearing human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer xenografts showed that antibody-mediated antitumor activity and tumor infiltration of CD4+ T lymphocytes were significantly downregulated when peripheral blood mononuclear cells in which NRP-1 was knocked down were co-administered with an anti-HER2 antibody. These results revealed that NRP-1 expressed on macrophages plays an important role in antibody-mediated antitumor immunity. Taken together, the induction of NRP-1 on macrophages may be a therapeutic indicator for antibody treatments that exert antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity activity, although further studies are needed in order to support this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Kawaguchi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Eiji Suzuki
- Department of Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Mariko Nishie
- Department of Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Isao Kii
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuki R Kataoka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hirata
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masashi Inoue
- Department of Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Fengling Pu
- Department of Target Therapy Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keiko Iwaisako
- Department of Target Therapy Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Moe Tsuda
- Department of Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ayane Yamaguchi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hironori Haga
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hagiwara
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masakazu Toi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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172
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Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women worldwide. The controlled release of drugs to the precise site of the disease using a nanocarrier vehicle increases the therapeutic efficiency of the drugs. Nanotechnology-based approaches used to endorse clinical improvement from a disease also help to understand the interaction of malignant cells with their microenvironment. Receptor-based targeting is another approach for drug delivery which is undergoing clinical trials. Nanoparticles (NPs) delivery has been proven to promise high loading capacity, less toxicity, and stability of the drugs or biomolecules compared to traditional chemotherapeutic drugs. The goal of this review is to present the current problems of breast cancer therapy and discuss the NP-based targeting to overcome the hurdles of conventional drug therapy approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shriti Singh
- Department of Kriya Sharir, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - James W Lillard
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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173
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Benson Z, Manjili SH, Habibi M, Guruli G, Toor AA, Payne KK, Manjili MH. Conditioning neoadjuvant therapies for improved immunotherapy of cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 145:12-17. [PMID: 28803721 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the treatment of melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by combining conventional therapies with anti-PD1/PD-L1 immunotherapies, have renewed interests in immunotherapy of cancer. The emerging concept of conventional cancer therapies combined with immunotherapy differs from the classical concept in that it is not simply taking advantage of their additive anti-tumor effects, but it is to use certain therapeutic regimens to condition the tumor microenvironment for optimal response to immunotherapy. To this end, low dose immunogenic chemotherapies, epigenetic modulators and inhibitors of cell cycle progression are potential candidates for rendering tumors highly responsive to immunotherapy. Next generation immunotherapeutics are therefore predicted to be highly effective against cancer, when they are used following appropriate immune modulatory compounds or targeted delivery of tumor cell cycle inhibitors using nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Benson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Saeed H Manjili
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Engineering, USA
| | - Mehran Habibi
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, USA
| | - Georgi Guruli
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, USA; Massey Cancer Center, USA
| | - Amir A Toor
- Massey Cancer Center, USA; Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Kyle K Payne
- Translational Tumor Immunology Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Masoud H Manjili
- Massey Cancer Center, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, USA.
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174
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Xing J, Lin L, Li J, Liu J, Zhou C, Pan H, Shu R, Dong B, Cao D, Li Q, Wang Z. BiHC, a T-Cell-Engaging Bispecific Recombinant Antibody, Has Potent Cytotoxic Activity Against Her2 Tumor Cells. Transl Oncol 2017; 10:780-785. [PMID: 28797938 PMCID: PMC5548338 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Among different cancer immunotherapy approaches, bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) are of great interest due to their ability to recruit immune cells to kill tumor cells directly. Various BsAbs against Her2 tumor cells have been proposed with potent cytotoxic activities. However, most of these formats require extensive processing to obtain heterodimeric bispecific antibodies. In this study, we describe a bispecific antibody, BiHC (bispecific Her2-CD3 antibody), constructed with a single-domain anti-Her2 and a single-chain Fv (variable fragment) of anti-CD3 in an IgG-like format. In contrast to most IgG-like BsAbs, the two arms in BiHC have different molecular weights, making it easier to separate hetero- or homodimers. BiHC can be expressed in Escherichia coli and purified via Protein A affinity chromatography. The purified BiHC can recruit T cells and induce specific cytotoxicity of Her2-expressing tumor cells in vitro. The BiHC can also efficiently inhibit the tumor growth in vivo. Thus, BiHC is a promising candidate for the treatment of Her2-positive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Xing
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510006; Center for Cellular & Structural Biology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510006.
| | - Limin Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510006; Center for Cellular & Structural Biology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510006.
| | - Jing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510006; Center for Cellular & Structural Biology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510006.
| | - Jiayu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510006; Center for Cellular & Structural Biology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510006.
| | - Changhua Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510006; Center for Cellular & Structural Biology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510006.
| | - Haitao Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510006; Center for Cellular & Structural Biology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510006.
| | - Rui Shu
- Ying Rui Inc., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 510009.
| | - Bin Dong
- School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 510009.
| | - Donglin Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China 510317.
| | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510006; Center for Cellular & Structural Biology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510006.
| | - Zhong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510006; Center for Cellular & Structural Biology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China 510006.
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175
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Trapani D, Esposito A, Criscitiello C, Mazzarella L, Locatelli M, Minchella I, Minucci S, Curigliano G. Entinostat for the treatment of breast cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2017; 26:965-971. [DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2017.1353077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Trapani
- Division of Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Esposito
- Division of Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmen Criscitiello
- Division of Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Mazzarella
- Division of Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Marzia Locatelli
- Division of Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Ida Minchella
- Division of Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Saverio Minucci
- Division of Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- Division of Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
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176
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Itai S, Fujii Y, Kaneko MK, Yamada S, Nakamura T, Yanaka M, Saidoh N, Chang YW, Handa S, Takahashi M, Suzuki H, Harada H, Kato Y. H 2Mab-77 is a Sensitive and Specific Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody Against Breast Cancer. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2017; 36:143-148. [PMID: 28700270 PMCID: PMC6985780 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2017.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) plays a critical role in the progression of breast cancers, and HER2 overexpression is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Trastuzumab is an anti-HER2 humanized antibody that leads to significant survival benefits in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancers. In this study, we developed novel anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and characterized their efficacy in flow cytometry, Western blot, and immunohistochemical analyses. Initially, we expressed the full length or ectodomain of HER2 in LN229 glioblastoma cells and then immunized mice with ectodomain of HER2 or LN229/HER2, and performed the first screening by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using ectodomain of HER2. Subsequently, we selected mAbs according to their efficacy in flow cytometry (second screening), Western blot (third screening), and immunohistochemical analyses (fourth screening). Among 100 mAb clones, only three mAbs reacted with HER2 in Western blot, and clone H2Mab-77 (IgG1, kappa) was selected. Finally, immunohistochemical analyses with H2Mab-77 showed sensitive and specific reactions against breast cancer cells, warranting the use of H2Mab-77 to detect HER2 in pathological analyses of breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Itai
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan .,2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujii
- 3 Department of Regional Innovation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shinji Yamada
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takuro Nakamura
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Miyuki Yanaka
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Noriko Saidoh
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yao-Wen Chang
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Saori Handa
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Maki Takahashi
- 4 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sendai Medical Center , Miyagino, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Suzuki
- 4 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sendai Medical Center , Miyagino, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Harada
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan .,3 Department of Regional Innovation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan .,5 New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University , Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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177
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Effect of trastuzumab on the micellization properties, endocytic pathways and antitumor activities of polyurethane-based drug delivery system. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-017-1952-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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178
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Delivering safer immunotherapies for cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 114:79-101. [PMID: 28545888 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is now a powerful clinical reality, with a steady progression of new drug approvals and a massive pipeline of additional treatments in clinical and preclinical development. However, modulation of the immune system can be a double-edged sword: Drugs that activate immune effectors are prone to serious non-specific systemic inflammation and autoimmune side effects. Drug delivery technologies have an important role to play in harnessing the power of immune therapeutics while avoiding on-target/off-tumor toxicities. Here we review mechanisms of toxicity for clinically-relevant immunotherapeutics, and discuss approaches based in drug delivery technology to enhance the safety and potency of these treatments. These include strategies to merge drug delivery with adoptive cellular therapies, targeting immunotherapies to tumors or select immune cells, and localizing therapeutics intratumorally. Rational design employing lessons learned from the drug delivery and nanomedicine fields has the potential to facilitate immunotherapy reaching its full potential.
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179
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Yu S, Li A, Liu Q, Li T, Yuan X, Han X, Wu K. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells: a novel therapy for solid tumors. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:78. [PMID: 28356156 PMCID: PMC5372296 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0444-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy is a newly developed adoptive antitumor treatment. Theoretically, CAR-T cells can specifically localize and eliminate tumor cells by interacting with the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) expressing on tumor cell surface. Current studies demonstrated that various TAAs could act as target antigens for CAR-T cells, for instance, the type III variant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRvIII) was considered as an ideal target for its aberrant expression on the cell surface of several tumor types. CAR-T cell therapy has achieved gratifying breakthrough in hematological malignancies and promising outcome in solid tumor as showed in various clinical trials. The third generation of CAR-T demonstrates increased antitumor cytotoxicity and persistence through modification of CAR structure. In this review, we summarized the preclinical and clinical progress of CAR-T cells targeting EGFR, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and mesothelin (MSLN), as well as the challenges for CAR-T cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Yu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Anping Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tengfei Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xun Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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180
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Sokolova E, Guryev E, Yudintsev A, Vodeneev V, Deyev S, Balalaeva I. HER2-specific recombinant immunotoxin 4D5scFv-PE40 passes through retrograde trafficking route and forces cells to enter apoptosis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:22048-22058. [PMID: 28423549 PMCID: PMC5400645 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotoxin 4D5scFv-PE40 is a recombinant protein that comprises 4D5scFv antibody as a targeting module and fragment of Pseudomonas exotoxin A as an effector (toxic) one. The immunotoxin has shown pronounced antitumor effect on cancer cells overexpressing HER2 receptor in vitro and on HER2-positive experimental tumors in vivo. We clarified the mechanism of 4D5scFv-PE40 activity that is of particular importance in the case of targeted therapeutic agent aimed at personalizing treatment of disease in relation to molecular genetic characteristics of each patient. After specific binding to HER2 on the cell surface and clathrin-mediated endocytosis the immunotoxin passes through retrograde trafficking route. During this route the immunotoxin molecule is supposed to undergo enzymatic processing that ends in separation of C-terminal and N-terminal fragments of the immunotoxin. Finally, C-terminal functionally active fragment of 4D5scFv-PE40 arrests protein synthesis in cytoplasm followed by cell death via apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniya Sokolova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Evgeniy Guryev
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Andrey Yudintsev
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Vladimir Vodeneev
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Sergey Deyev
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Irina Balalaeva
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
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181
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Utility of comprehensive genomic sequencing for detecting HER2-positive colorectal cancer. Hum Pathol 2017; 66:1-9. [PMID: 28235632 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
HER2-targeted therapy is considered effective for KRAS codon 12/13 wild-type, HER2-positive metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). In general, HER2 status is determined by the use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Comprehensive genomic sequencing (CGS) enables the detection of gene mutations and copy number alterations including KRAS mutation and HER2 amplification; however, little is known about the utility of CGS for detecting HER2-positive CRC. To assess its utility, we retrospectively investigated 201 patients with stage I-IV CRC. The HER2 status of the primary site was assessed using IHC and FISH, and HER2 amplification of the primary site was also assessed using CGS, and the findings of these approaches were compared in each patient. CGS successfully detected alterations in 415 genes including KRAS codon 12/13 mutation and HER2 amplification. Fifty-nine (29%) patients had a KRAS codon 12/13 mutation. Ten (5%) patients were diagnosed as HER2 positive because of HER2 IHC 3+, and the same 10 (5%) patients had HER2 amplification evaluated using CGS. The results of HER2 status and HER2 amplification were completely identical in all 201 patients (P < .001). Nine of the 10 HER2-positive patients were KRAS 12/13 wild-type and were considered possible candidates for HER2-targeted therapy. CGS has the same utility as IHC and FISH for detecting HER2-positive patients who are candidates for HER2-targeted therapy, and facilitates precision medicine and tailor-made treatment.
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182
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Marotta M, Onodera T, Johnson J, Budd GT, Watanabe T, Cui X, Giuliano AE, Niida A, Tanaka H. Palindromic amplification of the ERBB2 oncogene in primary HER2-positive breast tumors. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41921. [PMID: 28211519 PMCID: PMC5314454 DOI: 10.1038/srep41921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogene amplification confers a growth advantage to tumor cells for clonal expansion. There are several, recurrently amplified oncogenes throughout the human genome. However, it remains unclear whether this recurrent amplification is solely a manifestation of increased fitness resulting from random amplification mechanisms, or if a genomic locus-specific amplification mechanism plays a role. Here we show that the ERBB2 oncogene at 17q12 is susceptible to palindromic gene amplification, a mechanism characterized by the inverted (palindromic) duplication of genomic segments, in HER2-positive breast tumors. We applied two genomic approaches to investigate amplification mechanisms: sequencing of DNA libraries enriched with tumor-derived palindromic DNA (Genome-wide Analysis of Palindrome Formation) and whole genome sequencing (WGS). We observed significant enrichment of palindromic DNA within amplified ERBB2 genomic segments. Palindromic DNA was particularly enriched at amplification peaks and at boundaries between amplified and normal copy-number regions. Thus, palindromic gene amplification shaped the amplified ERBB2 locus. The enrichment of palindromic DNA throughout the amplified segments leads us to propose that the ERBB2 locus is amplified through the mechanism that repeatedly generates palindromic DNA, such as Breakage-Fusion-Bridge cycles. The genomic architecture surrounding ERBB2 in the normal genome, such as segmental duplications, could promote the locus-specific mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Marotta
- Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Taku Onodera
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jeffrey Johnson
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA
| | - G Thomas Budd
- Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Takaaki Watanabe
- Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA
| | - Xiaojiang Cui
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA
| | - Armando E Giuliano
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA
| | - Atsushi Niida
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Tanaka
- Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA
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183
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Li X, Yang C, Wan H, Zhang G, Feng J, Zhang L, Chen X, Zhong D, Lou L, Tao W, Zhang L. Discovery and development of pyrotinib: A novel irreversible EGFR/HER2 dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor with favorable safety profiles for the treatment of breast cancer. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 110:51-61. [PMID: 28115222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The discovery and development of a novel irreversible EGFR/HER2 dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor SHR1258 (pyrotinib) for the treatment of HER2-postive breast cancer is presented. The structure-activity relationship of lead series and their pharmacokinetic properties were evaluated to identify the potential candidates for further in vivo efficacy studies and preclinical safety assessments. Metabolic pathway and drug-drug interaction were also investigated in preclinical settings. In particular, major metabolites in human and animal species were assessed with regard to potential toxicity or off-target side effects. Overall, the potent and selective EGFR/HER2 dual inhibitor, pyrotinib, displayed robust anti-tumor effects on HER2-overexpressing xenograft models and sufficiently safety windows in animals as well as favorable pharmacokinetic properties in human, which substantially ensures current clinical development. Finally, recent advances of pyrotinib in clinical studies are highlighted with very encouraging outcomes in patients with HER2-postive advanced breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 279 Wenjing Road, Shanghai 200245, China.
| | - Changyong Yang
- Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, Lianyungang 222047, China.
| | - Hong Wan
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 279 Wenjing Road, Shanghai 200245, China.
| | - Ge Zhang
- Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, Lianyungang 222047, China.
| | - Jun Feng
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 279 Wenjing Road, Shanghai 200245, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 279 Wenjing Road, Shanghai 200245, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Dafang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Liguang Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Weikang Tao
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 279 Wenjing Road, Shanghai 200245, China.
| | - Lianshan Zhang
- Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, Lianyungang 222047, China; China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Nanjing 210009, China.
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184
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Anti-HER2 Therapies in the Adjuvant and Advanced Disease Settings. Breast Cancer 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-48848-6_47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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185
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Puhalla S, Wilks S, Brufsky AM, O'Shaughnessy J, Schwartzberg LS, Berrak E, Song J, Vahdat L. Clinical effects of prior trastuzumab on combination eribulin mesylate plus trastuzumab as first-line treatment for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer: results from a Phase II, single-arm, multicenter study. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2016; 8:231-239. [PMID: 27994483 PMCID: PMC5153255 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s98696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Eribulin mesylate, a novel nontaxane microtubule dynamics inhibitor in the halichondrin class of antineoplastic drugs, is indicated for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer who previously received ≥2 chemotherapy regimens in the metastatic setting. Primary data from a Phase II trial for the first-line combination of eribulin plus trastuzumab in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive patients showed a 71% objective response rate and tolerability consistent with the known profile of these agents. Here, we present prespecified analyses of efficacy of this combination based on prior trastuzumab use. Patients received eribulin mesylate 1.4 mg/m2 (equivalent to 1.23 mg/m2 eribulin [expressed as free base]) intravenously on days 1 and 8 plus trastuzumab (8 mg/kg intravenously/cycle 1, then 6 mg/kg) on day 1 of each 21-day cycle. Objective response rates, progression-free survival, and tolerability were assessed in patients who had and had not received prior adjuvant or neoadjuvant (neo/adjuvant) trastuzumab treatment. Fifty-two patients (median age: 59.5 years) received eribulin/trastuzumab for a median treatment duration of ~31 weeks; 40.4% (n=21) had been previously treated with neo/adjuvant trastuzumab prior to treatment with eribulin plus trastuzumab for metastatic disease (median time between neo/adjuvant and study treatment: 23 months). In trastuzumab-naïve patients (n=31) compared with those who had received prior trastuzumab, objective response rate was 77.4% versus 61.9%, respectively; duration of response was 11.8 versus 9.5 months, respectively; clinical benefit rate was 87.1% versus 81.0%, respectively; and median progression-free survival was 12.2 versus 11.5 months, respectively. The most common grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events (occuring in ≥5% of patients) in patients who received prior trastuzumab versus trastuzumab naïve patients, respectively, were neutropenia (47.6% vs 32.3%), peripheral neuropathy (14.3% vs 25.8%), febrile neutropenia (14.3% vs 3.2%), fatigue (9.5% vs 6.5%), nausea (9.5% vs 0%), vomiting (9.5% vs 3.2%), and leukopenia (9.5% vs 3.2%). In patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive metastatic breast cancer, first-line eribulin/trastuzumab treatment demonstrated substantial antitumor activity and was well tolerated, regardless of prior neo/adjuvant trastuzumab treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Puhalla
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Sharon Wilks
- Department of Hematology Oncology, US Oncology-Cancer Care Centers of South Texas, San Antonio, TX
| | - Adam M Brufsky
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Joyce O'Shaughnessy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center US Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - Lee S Schwartzberg
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, West Cancer Center, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Erhan Berrak
- Department of Medical Affairs, Formerly of Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ
| | - James Song
- Department of Medical Affairs, Formerly of Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ
| | - Linda Vahdat
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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186
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Lv Q, Meng Z, Yu Y, Jiang F, Guan D, Liang C, Zhou J, Lu A, Zhang G. Molecular Mechanisms and Translational Therapies for Human Epidermal Receptor 2 Positive Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E2095. [PMID: 27983617 PMCID: PMC5187895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among women. Human epidermal receptor 2 (HER2) positive breast cancer (HER2+ BC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, with poor prognosis and a high rate of recurrence. About one third of breast cancer is HER2+ BC with significantly high expression level of HER2 protein compared to other subtypes. Therefore, HER2 is an important biomarker and an ideal target for developing therapeutic strategies for the treatment HER2+ BC. In this review, HER2 structure and physiological and pathological roles in HER2+ BC are discussed. Two diagnostic tests, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), for evaluating HER2 expression levels are briefly introduced. The current mainstay targeted therapies for HER2+ BC include monoclonal antibodies, small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) and other emerging anti-HER2 agents. In clinical practice, combination therapies are commonly adopted in order to achieve synergistic drug response. This review will help to better understand the molecular mechanism of HER2+ BC and further facilitate the development of more effective therapeutic strategies against HER2+ BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanxia Lv
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU (Haimen) Institute of Science and Technology (IST), Haimen 226133, China.
| | - Ziyuan Meng
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU (Haimen) Institute of Science and Technology (IST), Haimen 226133, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Feng Jiang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU (Haimen) Institute of Science and Technology (IST), Haimen 226133, China.
- The State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Daogang Guan
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Chao Liang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Junwei Zhou
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Aiping Lu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU (Haimen) Institute of Science and Technology (IST), Haimen 226133, China.
| | - Ge Zhang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU (Haimen) Institute of Science and Technology (IST), Haimen 226133, China.
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187
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Li A, Xing J, Li L, Zhou C, Dong B, He P, Li Q, Wang Z. A single-domain antibody-linked Fab bispecific antibody Her2-S-Fab has potent cytotoxicity against Her2-expressing tumor cells. AMB Express 2016; 6:32. [PMID: 27112931 PMCID: PMC4844577 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-016-0201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Her2, which is frequently overexpressed in breast cancer, is one of the most studied tumor-associated antigens for cancer therapy. Anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody, trastuzumab, has achieved significant clinical benefits in metastatic breast cancer. In this study, we describe a novel bispecific antibody Her2-S-Fab targeting Her2 by linking a single domain anti-CD16 VHH to the trastuzumab Fab. The Her2-S-Fab antibody can be efficiently expressed and purified from Escherichia coli, and drive potent cancer cell killing in HER2-overexpressing cancer cells. In xenograft model, the Her2-S-Fab suppresses tumor growth in the presence of human immune cells. Our results suggest that the bispecific Her2-S-Fab may provide a valid alternative to Her2 positive cancer therapy.
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188
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Beirão BCB, Raposo T, Jain S, Hupp T, Argyle DJ. Challenges and opportunities for monoclonal antibody therapy in veterinary oncology. Vet J 2016; 218:40-50. [PMID: 27938708 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have come to dominate the biologics market in human cancer therapy. Nevertheless, in veterinary medicine, very few clinical trials have been initiated using this form of therapy. Some of the advantages of mAb therapeutics over conventional drugs are high specificity, precise mode of action and long half-life, which favour infrequent dosing of the antibody. Further advancement in the field of biomedical sciences has led to the production of different forms of antibodies, such as single chain antibody fragment, Fab, bi-specific antibodies and drug conjugates for use in diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. This review describes the potential for mAbs in veterinary oncology in supporting both diagnosis and therapy of cancer. The technical and financial hurdles to facilitate clinical acceptance of mAbs are explored and insights into novel technologies and targets that could support more rapid clinical development are offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breno C B Beirão
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Raposo
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, United Kingdom; Department of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801, Portugal
| | - Saurabh Jain
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - Ted Hupp
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - David J Argyle
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, United Kingdom.
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189
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p130Cas scaffold protein regulates ErbB2 stability by altering breast cancer cell sensitivity to autophagy. Oncotarget 2016; 7:4442-53. [PMID: 26716506 PMCID: PMC4826217 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of the ErbB2/HER2 receptor tyrosine kinase occurs in up to 20% of human breast cancers and correlates with aggressive disease. Several efficacious targeted therapies, including antibodies and kinase inhibitors, have been developed but the occurring of resistance to these agents is often observed. New therapeutic agents targeting the endocytic recycling and intracellular trafficking of membrane in tumor cells overexpressing ErbB2 are actually in clinical development. Nevertheless the mechanisms underlying ErbB2 downregulation are still obscure. We have previously demonstrated that the overexpression of the p130Cas adaptor protein in ErbB2 positive breast cancer, promotes tumor aggressiveness and progression. Here we demonstrate that lowering p130Cas expression in breast cancer cells is sufficient to induce ErbB2 degradation by autophagy. Conversely, p130Cas overexpression protects ErbB2 from degradation by autophagy. Furthermore, this autophagy-dependent preferential degradation of ErbB2 in absence of p130Cas is due to an increased ErbB2 ubiquitination. Indeed, the overexpression of p130Cas impairs ErbB2 ubiquitination by inhibiting the binding of Cbl and CHIP E3 ligases to ErbB2. Finally, our results indicate that p130Cas-dependent ErbB2 protection from degradation by autophagy may alter the sensitivity to the humanized monoclonal antibody trastuzumab. Consistently, in human ErbB2 positive breast cancers that develop resistance to trastuzumab, p130Cas expression is significantly increased suggesting that elevated levels of p130Cas can be involved in trastuzumab resistance.
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190
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Sharma S, Patnaik PK, Aronov S, Kulshreshtha R. ApoptomiRs of Breast Cancer: Basics to Clinics. Front Genet 2016; 7:175. [PMID: 27746811 PMCID: PMC5041507 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2016.00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is a highly regulated process, the deregulation of which has been associated with the tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis in various cancers including breast cancer. Induction of apoptosis is a popular target of various therapies currently being tested or used for breast cancer treatment. Thus, identifying apoptotic mediators and regulators is imperative for molecular biologists and clinicians for benefit of patients. The regulation of apoptosis is complex and involves a tight equilibrium between the pro- and anti-apoptotic factors. Recent studies have highlighted the role of miRNAs in the control of apoptosis and their interplay with p53, the master guardian of apoptosis. Here, we summarize and integrate the data on the role of miRNAs in apoptosis in breast cancer and the clinical advantage it may offer for the prognosis or treatment of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Sharma
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi, India
| | | | - Stella Aronov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University Ariel, Israel
| | - Ritu Kulshreshtha
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi, India
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191
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Rodríguez-Serrano F, Mut-Salud N, Cruz-Bustos T, Gomez-Samblas M, Carrasco E, Garrido JM, López-Jaramillo FJ, Santoyo-Gonzalez F, Osuna A. Functionalized immunostimulating complexes with protein A via lipid vinyl sulfones to deliver cancer drugs to trastuzumab-resistant HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:4777-4785. [PMID: 27698563 PMCID: PMC5034911 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s112560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Around 20%–30% of breast cancers overexpress the proto-oncogene human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER2), and they are characterized by being very invasive. Therefore, many current studies are focused on testing new therapies against tumors that overexpress this receptor. In particular, there exists major interest in new strategies to fight breast cancer resistant to trastuzumab (Tmab), a humanized antibody that binds specifically to HER2 interfering with its mitogenic signaling. Our team has previously developed immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMs) as nanocapsules functionalized with lipid vinyl sulfones, which can incorporate protein A and bind to G immunoglobulins that makes them very flexible nanocarriers. Methods and results The aim of this in vitro study was to synthesize and evaluate a drug delivery system based on protein A-functionalized ISCOMs to target HER2-overexpressing cells. We describe the preparation of ISCOMs, the loading with the drugs doxorubicin and paclitaxel, the binding of ISCOMs to alkyl vinyl sulfone-protein A, the coupling of Tmab, and the evaluation in both HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells (HCC1954) and non-overexpressing cells (MCF-7) by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Results show that the uptake is dependent on the level of overexpression of HER2, and the analysis of the cell viability reveals that targeted drugs are selective toward HCC1954, whereas MCF-7 cells remain unaffected. Conclusion Protein A-functionalized ISCOMs are versatile carriers that can be coupled to antibodies that act as targeting agents to deliver drugs. When coupling to Tmab and loading with paclitaxel or doxorubicin, they become efficient vehicles for the selective delivery of the drug to Tmab-resistant HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. These nanoparticles may pave the way for the development of novel therapies for poor prognosis resistant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Teresa Cruz-Bustos
- Molecular Biochemistry and Parasitology Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Granada
| | - Mercedes Gomez-Samblas
- Molecular Biochemistry and Parasitology Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Granada
| | | | | | - F Javier López-Jaramillo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Santoyo-Gonzalez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Osuna
- Molecular Biochemistry and Parasitology Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Granada
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192
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Lih CJ, Si H, Das B, Harrington RD, Harper KN, Sims DJ, McGregor PM, Camalier CE, Kayserian AY, Williams PM, He HJ, Almeida JL, Lund SP, Choquette S, Cole KD. Certified DNA Reference Materials to Compare HER2 Gene Amplification Measurements Using Next-Generation Sequencing Methods. J Mol Diagn 2016; 18:753-761. [PMID: 27455875 PMCID: PMC5397679 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Standard Reference Materials 2373 is a set of genomic DNA samples prepared from five breast cancer cell lines with certified values for the ratio of the HER2 gene copy number to the copy numbers of reference genes determined by real-time quantitative PCR and digital PCR. Targeted-amplicon, whole-exome, and whole-genome sequencing measurements were used with the reference material to compare the performance of both the laboratory steps and the bioinformatic approaches of the different methods using a range of amplification ratios. Although good reproducibility was observed in each next-generation sequencing method, slightly different HER2 copy numbers associated with platform-specific biases were obtained. This study clearly demonstrates the value of Standard Reference Materials 2373 as reference material and as a calibrator for evaluating assay performance as well as for increasing confidence in reporting HER2 amplification for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Jian Lih
- Molecular Characterization and Clinical Assay Development Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Han Si
- Molecular Characterization and Clinical Assay Development Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Biswajit Das
- Molecular Characterization and Clinical Assay Development Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Robin D Harrington
- Molecular Characterization and Clinical Assay Development Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Kneshay N Harper
- Molecular Characterization and Clinical Assay Development Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - David J Sims
- Molecular Characterization and Clinical Assay Development Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Paul M McGregor
- Molecular Characterization and Clinical Assay Development Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Corinne E Camalier
- Molecular Characterization and Clinical Assay Development Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Andrew Y Kayserian
- Molecular Characterization and Clinical Assay Development Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - P Mickey Williams
- Molecular Characterization and Clinical Assay Development Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Hua-Jun He
- Division of Biosystems and Biomaterials, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Jamie L Almeida
- Division of Biosystems and Biomaterials, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Steve P Lund
- Division of Statistical Engineering, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Steve Choquette
- Division of Biosystems and Biomaterials, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Kenneth D Cole
- Division of Biosystems and Biomaterials, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland.
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193
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Dong D, Xia G, Li Z, Li Z. Human Serum Albumin and HER2-Binding Affibody Fusion Proteins for Targeted Delivery of Fatty Acid-Modified Molecules and Therapy. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:3370-3380. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Guanjun Xia
- Department
of Pathology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102, United States
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194
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111In-labeled trastuzumab-modified gold nanoparticles are cytotoxic in vitro to HER2-positive breast cancer cells and arrest tumor growth in vivo in athymic mice after intratumoral injection. Nucl Med Biol 2016; 43:818-826. [PMID: 27788375 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gold nanoparticles (AuNP; 30nm) were modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains linked to trastuzumab for binding to HER2-positive breast cancer (BC) cells and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) for complexing the Auger electron-emitter, 111In (trastuzumab-AuNP-111In). Our objective was to determine the cytotoxicity of trastuzumab-AuNP-111In on HER2-positive BC cells in vitro and evaluate its tumor growth inhibition properties and normal tissue toxicity in vivo following intratumoral (i.t.) injection in mice with s.c. HER2-overexpressing BC xenografts. METHODS Binding and internalization of trastuzumab-AuNP-111In or non-targeted AuNP-111In in SK-BR-3 (1-2×106 HER2/cell) and MDA-MB-361 (5×105 HER2/cell) human BC cells were studied. The surviving fraction (SF) of SK-BR-3 or MDA-MB-361 cells exposed to trastuzumab-AuNP-111In or AuNP-111In was determined. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) were assayed by probing for γ-H2AX. Tumor growth was monitored over 70days in CD1 athymic mice with s.c. MDA-MB-361 xenografts after i.t. injection of 10MBq (0.7mg; 2.6×1012 AuNP) of trastuzumab-AuNP-111In and normal tissue toxicity was assessed by monitoring body weight, complete blood cell (CBC) counts and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and creatinine (Cr). RESULTS Trastuzumab-AuNP-111In was specifically bound by SK-BR-3 and MDA-MB-361 cells. Trastuzumab-AuNP-111In was more efficiently internalized than AuNP-111In and localized to a peri-nuclear region. The SF fraction of SK-BR-3 cells was reduced by 1.8-fold by treatment with 3nM (7MBq/mL) of trastuzumab-AuNP-111In. The SF of MDA-MB-361 cells was reduced by 3.7-fold at 14.4nM (33.6MBq/mL). In comparison, non-targeted AuNP-111In at these concentrations reduced the SF of SK-BR-3 or MDA-MB-361 cells by 1.2-fold (P=0.03) and 1.7-fold (P<0.0001), respectively. DNA DSBs were greater in SK-BR-3 and MDA-MB-361 cells exposed to trastuzumab-AuNP-111In compared to AuNP-111In, but unlabeled trastuzumab-AuNP did not increase DNA DSBs. Local i.t. injection of trastuzumab-AuNP-111In in CD1 athymic mice with s.c. MDA-MB-361 tumors arrested tumor growth for 70days. There was no apparent normal tissue toxicity. The radiation absorbed dose deposited in the tumor by trastuzumab-AuNP-111In was 60.5Gy, while normal organs received <0.9Gy. CONCLUSION These results are promising for further development of trastuzumab-AuNP-111In as a novel Auger electron-emitting radiation nanomedicine for local treatment of HER2-positive BC. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENT CARE A local radiation treatment for HER2-positive BC based on AuNP modified with trastuzumab and labeled with the Auger electron-emitter, 111In was developed and shown to arrest tumor growth with no normal tissue toxicity.
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195
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Liikanen I, Tähtinen S, Guse K, Gutmann T, Savola P, Oksanen M, Kanerva A, Hemminki A. Oncolytic Adenovirus Expressing Monoclonal Antibody Trastuzumab for Treatment of HER2-Positive Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:2259-69. [PMID: 27458139 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal anti-HER2 antibody trastuzumab has significantly improved the survival of patients with HER2-overexpressing tumors. Nevertheless, systemic antibody therapy is expensive, limited in efficacy due to physical tumor barriers, and carries the risk of severe side effects such as cardiomyopathy. Oncolytic viruses mediate cancer-selective transgene expression, kill infected cancer cells while mounting antitumor immune responses, and have recently demonstrated promising efficacy in combination treatments. Here, we armed an oncolytic adenovirus with full-length trastuzumab to achieve effective in situ antibody production coupled with progressive oncolytic cancer cell killing. We constructed an infectivity-enhanced serotype 5 oncolytic adenovirus, Ad5/3-Δ24-tras, coding for human trastuzumab antibody heavy- and light-chain genes, connected by an internal ribosome entry site. Infected cancer cells were able to assemble full-length functional antibody, as confirmed by Western blot, ELISA, and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity assay. Importantly, oncolysis was required for release of the antibody into tumors, providing additional spatial selectivity. Ad5/3-Δ24-tras showed potent in vitro cytotoxicity and enhanced antitumor efficacy over oncolytic control virus Ad5/3-Δ24 or commercial trastuzumab in HER2-positive cancer models in vivo (both P < 0.05). Furthermore, Ad5/3-Δ24-tras resulted in significantly higher tumor-to-systemic antibody concentrations (P < 0.001) over conventional delivery. Immunological analyses revealed dendritic cell activation and natural killer cell accumulation in tumor-draining lymph nodes. Thus, Ad5/3-Δ24-tras is an attractive anticancer approach combining oncolytic immunotherapy with local trastuzumab production, resulting in improved in vivo efficacy and immune cell activation in HER2-positive cancer. Moreover, the finding that tumor cells can produce functional antibody as directed by oncolytic virus could lead to many valuable antitumor approaches. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(9); 2259-69. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkka Liikanen
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Siri Tähtinen
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kilian Guse
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Theresia Gutmann
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Centre Munich, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Paula Savola
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Minna Oksanen
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Kanerva
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Akseli Hemminki
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland. TILT Biotherapeutics, Ltd., Helsinki, Finland.
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196
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Lion M, Harlé A, Salleron J, Ramacci C, Campone M, Merlin JL. Trastuzumab as a preoperative monotherapy does not inhibit HER2 downstream signaling in HER2-positive breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:2028-2032. [PMID: 27602133 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in 15-20% of breast carcinomas. The overexpression of HER2 was previously associated with a poor prognosis until the development of the first anti-HER2 therapy, trastuzumab, which drastically improves the prognosis of HER2-overexpressing breast cancers. However, its mechanism of action remains not fully understood. Several studies have proposed that the behavior and mechanism of action of trastuzumab may be drastically altered in vitro and in vivo. The present study assesses the ability of trastuzumab to inhibit the phosphorylation of the key-proteins of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mechanistic target of rapamycin and Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in vitro, in breast cancer cell lines and in tumor biopsies obtained from patients treated with trastuzumab preoperative monotherapy as part of the Unicancer GEP04 RADHER phase II clinical trial. HER2-positive SKBR3 and HER2-negative MCF-7 cell lines were exposed to trastuzumab for 72 h. In total, 41 patients received trastuzumab alone for 6 weeks of preoperative treatment. Biopsies were collected at the baseline and at surgery. A total of 19 pairs of associated baseline and surgery tumor specimens were eligible for protein extraction and comparative phosphoprotein expression analysis, prior to and subsequent to treatment. The expression of phosphoproteins was quantitatively assessed using a multiplex immunoassay. In the SKBR3 cell line, a statistically significant decrease of the expression level of phosphorylated (p-)AKT, p-ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1, p-extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 and p-mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 was observed after exposure to trastuzumab. In contrast, no statistically significant variations for levels expression of these phosphoproteins were observed in patients following treatment. The lack of downregulation of PI3K and MAPK pathways could probably be explained by the implementation of a predominant immunological mechanism of action for trastuzumab, a type of antibody-dependent cell-mediated toxicity, which has previously been reported in preoperative monotherapy settings. The present study confirms that trastuzumab involves various modes of action when assayed in vitro and used clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maëva Lion
- Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Lorraine, Nancy 54000, France; Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7039 CRAN, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy 54500, France; Department of Biopathology, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy 54519, France
| | - Alexandre Harlé
- Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Lorraine, Nancy 54000, France; Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7039 CRAN, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy 54500, France; Department of Biopathology, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy 54519, France
| | - Julia Salleron
- Biostatistics Unit, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy 54519, France
| | - Carole Ramacci
- Department of Biopathology, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy 54519, France
| | - Mario Campone
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 892, Nantes 44007, France; Department of Medical Oncology, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, St Herblain, Nantes 44800, France
| | - Jean-Louis Merlin
- Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Lorraine, Nancy 54000, France; Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7039 CRAN, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy 54500, France; Department of Biopathology, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy 54519, France
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Abstract
CCNE1 gene amplification is present in 15-20% ovary tumor specimens. Here, we showed that Cyclin E1 (CCNE1) was overexpressed in 30% of established ovarian cancer cell lines. We also showed that CCNE1 was stained positive in over 40% of primary ovary tumor specimens regardless of their histological types while CCNE1 staining was either negative or low in normal ovary and benign ovary tumor tissues. However, the status of CCNE1 overexpression was not associated with the tumorigenic potential of ovarian cancer cell lines and also did not correlate with pathological grades of ovary tumor specimens. Subsequent experiments with CCNE1 siRNAs showed that knockdown of CCNE1 reduced cell growth only in cells with inherent CCNE1 overexpression, indicating that these cells may have developed an addiction to CCNE1 for growth/survival. As CCNE1 is a regulatory factor of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2), we investigated the effect of Cdk2 inhibitor on ovary tumorigenecity. Ovarian cancer cells with elevated CCNE1 expression were 40 times more sensitive to Cdk2 inhibitorSNS-032 than those without inherent CCNE1 overexpression. Moreover, SNS-032 greatly prolonged the survival of mice bearing ovary tumors with inherent CCNE1 overexpression. This study suggests that ovary tumors with elevated CCNE1 expression may be staged for Cdk2-targeted therapy.
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HER2 Status in Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinomas: Correlation Between Immunohistochemistry and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Methodologies. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2016; 26:35-39. [PMID: 27153447 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Semiquantitative immunohistochemistry (IHC) is commonly used in combination with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to detect HER2 amplification in gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas. Most laboratories apply these tests in a sequential algorithm, using IHC as a frontline test and reserving FISH for IHC-equivocal cases. To gain a better understanding of the concordance of IHC and FISH results at our institution, we identified all gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas at our institution tested for HER2 (n=125). Matched IHC and FISH were available for 116 cases (94%). Cases consisted of adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus (22%), gastroesophageal junction (24%), stomach (43%), and metastatic sites (12%). A total of 88 cases (70%) were biopsies, whereas 37 cases (30%) were resections. Overall, 15 cases (13%) were HER2 positive (IHC 3+ and/or FISH amplified). A total of 60 cases (52%) were IHC score 0; none of these were HER2 amplified by FISH. A total of 30 cases (26%) were IHC 1+; 5 (17%) of these cases were HER2 amplified by FISH. A total of 20 cases (17%) were IHC 2+; 4 (20%) of these cases were HER2 amplified by FISH. A total of 6 cases were IHC score 3+; all of these were HER2 amplified by FISH. Although there was a high overall concordance between IHC and FISH results (96%), a subset (17%) of IHC-negative cases (score 1+) were HER2 amplified as evaluated by FISH, representing 33% of all HER2 amplified cases. This suggests that the common practice of limited FISH testing to IHC 2+ cases will miss a significant number of HER2 amplified cases.
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199
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Pharmacogenomics. JOURNAL OF INFUSION NURSING 2016; 39:139-48. [DOI: 10.1097/nan.0000000000000163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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200
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Cheng L, Schneider BP, Li L. A bioinformatics approach for precision medicine off-label drug drug selection among triple negative breast cancer patients. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2016; 23:741-9. [PMID: 27107440 DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocw004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer has been extensively characterized on the basis of genomics. The integration of genetic information about cancers with data on how the cancers respond to target based therapy to help to optimum cancer treatment. OBJECTIVE The increasing usage of sequencing technology in cancer research and clinical practice has enormously advanced our understanding of cancer mechanisms. The cancer precision medicine is becoming a reality. Although off-label drug usage is a common practice in treating cancer, it suffers from the lack of knowledge base for proper cancer drug selections. This eminent need has become even more apparent considering the upcoming genomics data. METHODS In this paper, a personalized medicine knowledge base is constructed by integrating various cancer drugs, drug-target database, and knowledge sources for the proper cancer drugs and their target selections. Based on the knowledge base, a bioinformatics approach for cancer drugs selection in precision medicine is developed. It integrates personal molecular profile data, including copy number variation, mutation, and gene expression. RESULTS By analyzing the 85 triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patient data in the Cancer Genome Altar, we have shown that 71.7% of the TNBC patients have FDA approved drug targets, and 51.7% of the patients have more than one drug target. Sixty-five drug targets are identified as TNBC treatment targets and 85 candidate drugs are recommended. Many existing TNBC candidate targets, such as Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1 (PARP1), Cell division protein kinase 6 (CDK6), epidermal growth factor receptor, etc., were identified. On the other hand, we found some additional targets that are not yet fully investigated in the TNBC, such as Gamma-Glutamyl Hydrolase (GGH), Thymidylate Synthetase (TYMS), Protein Tyrosine Kinase 6 (PTK6), Topoisomerase (DNA) I, Mitochondrial (TOP1MT), Smoothened, Frizzled Class Receptor (SMO), etc. Our additional analysis of target and drug selection strategy is also fully supported by the drug screening data on TNBC cell lines in the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia. CONCLUSIONS The proposed bioinformatics approach lays a foundation for cancer precision medicine. It supplies much needed knowledge base for the off-label cancer drug usage in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Cheng
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Bryan P Schneider
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA Indiana Institute of Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Lang Li
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA Indiana Institute of Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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