151
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Braidman I, Carroll M, Dance N, Robinson D. Separation and properties of human brain hexosaminidase C. Biochem J 1974; 143:295-301. [PMID: 4477952 PMCID: PMC1168384 DOI: 10.1042/bj1430295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hexosaminidase C was separated from human brain supernatant by immunoadsorption of the A and B forms on to a column of immobilized antibody followed by preparative starch-block electrophoresis. There were some differences in the properties of hexosaminidase C preparations after each of these stages, shown by comparison of their heat-inactivation characteristics and filtration through Bio-Gel P-200. The C form prepared by both separation steps had properties which differed markedly from those of the A and B isoenzymes; its molecular weight was much larger, greater than 200000, it had optimum activity between pH6 and 7 and could not be successfully eluted from DEAE-cellulose, even with high salt concentrations, or from Sephadex G-200. These results seem to support the proposal that the C form is under a separate genetic control from the others.
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152
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Geiger B, Ben-Yoseph Y, Arnon R. Purification of human hexosaminidases A and B by affinity chromatography. FEBS Lett 1974; 45:276-81. [PMID: 4415401 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(74)80861-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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153
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Lalley PA, Shows TB. Lysosomal and Microsomal Glucuronidase: Genetic Variant Alters Electrophoretic Mobility of Both Hydrolases. Science 1974. [DOI: 10.1126/science.185.4149.442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Lalley
- Roswell Park Memorial Institute, New York State Department of Health, Buffalo 14203
| | - Thomas B. Shows
- Roswell Park Memorial Institute, New York State Department of Health, Buffalo 14203
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154
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155
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Callahan JW, Khalil M, Gerrie J. Isoenzymes of sphingomyelinase and the genetic defect in Niemann-Pick disease, type C. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1974; 58:385-90. [PMID: 4366391 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(74)90376-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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156
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157
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Srivastava SK, Awasthi YC, Yoshida A, Beutler E. Studies on Human β-d-N-Acetylhexosaminidases. J Biol Chem 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)42793-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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158
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Lalley PA, Rattazzi MC, Shows TB. Human beta-D-N-acetylhexosaminidases A and B: expression and linkage relationships in somatic cell hybrids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1974; 71:1569-73. [PMID: 4524661 PMCID: PMC388272 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.71.4.1569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the genetic relationships between beta-D-N-acetylhexosaminidases A and B (EC 3.2.1.30) may help in understanding the hexosaminidase deficiency associated with GM(2) gangliosidosis, a fatal lipid storage disease in man. Through the use of man-mouse somatic cell hybrids we have found that a gene involved in hexosaminidase A expression was linked to the genes coding for mannosephosphate isomerase and pyruvate kinase-3. The gene coding for hexosaminidase B was not linked to any of the genes coding for 25 enzyme markers tested. A combination of immunological and electrophoretic techniques was employed to identify human hexosaminidases A and B with certainty in cell hybrids. Discordant segregation of hexosaminidase A and hexosaminidase B in 60 clones indicated that the genes coding for their expression were not linked. However, hexosaminidase A was never expressed in cell hybrids in the absence of hexosaminidase B. This suggests that the gene responsible for the hexosaminidase A phenotype, linked to mannosephosphate isomerase and pyruvate kinase-3, requires the presence of the gene coding for hexosaminidase B for the expression of hexosaminidase A. These observations offer a genetic explanation for the biochemical and immunological relationships between hexosaminidases A and B and provide the framework for identifying the basic genetic defects responsible for GM(2) gangliosidosis.
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159
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160
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Zerfowski J, Sandhoff K. [Juvenile GM2 gangliosidosis with altered substrate specificity of hexosaminidase A (author's transl)]. Acta Neuropathol 1974; 27:225-32. [PMID: 4210440 DOI: 10.1007/bf00687632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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161
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De Souza Queiroz L, Da Cruz Neto JN, Lopes de Faria J. Neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis, a type of amaurotic family idiocy. Clinical and pathological study of four cases. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 1974; 32:1-14. [PMID: 4828557 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-282x1974000100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a recent term, proposed for acurate designation of the late-onset types of Amaurotic Family Idiocy (AFI). Histopathology shows ubiquitous intraneuronal accumulation of lipopigments, being the most important factor for characterization of the entity at present time. Biochemical changes and pathogenesis are obscure. NCL is in contrast to the infantile type of AFI (Tay-Sachs disease), in which intraneuronal accumulation of gangliosides (sphingolipids) is due to the well known deficiency of a lysosomal enzyme. The authors report on four cases of NCL, two brothers of the late infantile (Jansky-Bielschowsky) type and a brother and a sister of the juvenile (Spielmeyer-Sjögren) type. One autopsy and three cortical biopsies revealed moderate to severe distention of the neurons by lipopigment, with nerve cell loss, gliosis and cerebral atrophy. Lipopigment was also increased in liver, heart and spleen. The patients were the first in Brazilian literature in whom the storage material was identified as lipopigment by histochemical methods. A brief summary of the clinical features of NCL is presented, and relevant problems are discussed, concerning interpretation of the nature of the storage material, and significance of the disease for gerontological research.
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162
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Shaws TB, Lalley PA. Control of lysosomal acid phosphatase expression in man-mouse cell hybrids. Biochem Genet 1974; 11:121-39. [PMID: 4856818 DOI: 10.1007/bf00485769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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163
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164
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Pellkofer R, Jatzkewitz H. The enzymic degradation of cerebrosides and sulphatides in human demyelination due to disseminated sclerosis and encephalitis, and to Tay-Sachs disease. Acta Neuropathol 1974; 29:25-35. [PMID: 4440453 DOI: 10.1007/bf00684388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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165
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Touster O. Some aspects of the cellular biochemistry of lysosomal and related glycosidases. Mol Cell Biochem 1973; 2:169-77. [PMID: 4594433 DOI: 10.1007/bf01795471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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166
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Dawson G, Propper RL, Dorfman A. Partial purification of beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase A by affinity chromatography. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1973; 54:1102-10. [PMID: 4270968 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(73)90806-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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167
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Harzer K, Benz HU. Letters: A simple sphingomyelinase determination for Niemann-Pick disease: differential diagnosis of types A, B and C. J Neurochem 1973; 21:999-1001. [PMID: 4356842 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb07545.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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168
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Rosenthal AL, Saifer A. Continuous UV monitoring of fluorogenic substrates. I. Kinetic analysis of N-acetyl-beta-D-hexosaminidases. Anal Biochem 1973; 55:85-92. [PMID: 4753162 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(73)90292-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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169
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Thompson JN, Stoolmiller AC, Matalon R, Dorfman A. N-acetyl-beta-hexosaminidase: role in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans. Science 1973; 181:866-7. [PMID: 4269276 DOI: 10.1126/science.181.4102.866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Extracts of cultured normal human skin fibroblasts released radioactivity from a (14)C-labeled heptasaccharide prepared by addition of [(14)C]N-acetylgalactosamine to the nonreducing terminus of a hexasaccharide derived from chondroitin 4-sulfate whereas fibroblast extracts from patients with Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff-Jatzkewitz diseases did not. The results suggest that N-acetyl-beta-hexosaminidase A is responsible for degradation of the oligosaccharide substrate.
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170
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Sellinger OZ, Santiago JC, Sands MA, Furin-Sloat B. N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase of nerve cells: a developmental study of two molecular components. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 315:128-46. [PMID: 4743898 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(73)90137-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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171
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Jatzkewitz H, Stinshoff K. An activator of cerebroside sulphatase in human normal liver and in cases of congenital metachromatic leukodystrophy. FEBS Lett 1973; 32:129-31. [PMID: 4715673 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(73)80754-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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172
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van Someren H. Independent loss of human hexosaminidases A and B in man-chinese hamster somatic cell hybrids. HUMANGENETIK 1973; 18:171-4. [PMID: 4737100 DOI: 10.1007/bf00291485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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173
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174
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175
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Harzer K, Stinshoff K, Mraz W, Jatzkewitz H. The patterns of arylsulphatases A and B in human normal and metachromatic leucodystrophy tissues and their relationship to the cerebroside sulphatase activity. J Neurochem 1973; 20:279-87. [PMID: 4698279 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb12127.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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176
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Fontaine G, Résibois A, Tondeur M, Jonniaux G, Farriaux JP, Voet W, Maillard E, Loeb H. Gangliosidosis with total hexosaminidase deficiency: clinical, biochemical and ultrastructural studies and comparison with conventional cases of Tay-Sachs disease. Acta Neuropathol 1973; 23:118-32. [PMID: 4349527 DOI: 10.1007/bf00685766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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177
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Harzer K. Inheritance of the enzyme deficiency in three neurolipidoses: variant 0 of Tay-Sachs disease (Sandhoff's disease), classic Tay-Sachs disease, and metachromatic leukodystrophy. Identification of the heterozygous carriers. HUMANGENETIK 1973; 20:9-24. [PMID: 4776531 DOI: 10.1007/bf00280871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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178
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179
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Carroll M, Robinson D. Immunological properties of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase of normal human liver and of GM2-gangliosidosis liver. Biochem J 1973; 131:91-6. [PMID: 4198585 PMCID: PMC1177442 DOI: 10.1042/bj1310091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Antisera were raised to a partially purified preparation of human liver hexosaminidase and to highly purified preparations of hexosaminidase isoenzymes A and B. All the antisera precipitated the enzyme in an enzymically active form, which could be located on immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoretic gels by using a histochemical substrate. The antisera to the purified isoenzymes were shown to react with hexosaminidase from human liver, kidney, brain and spleen, but did not cross-react with human liver beta-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase, alpha-mannosidase, beta-xylosidase, arylsulphatase or acid phosphatase. Hexosaminidases A and B were immunologically identical. The immunological properties of the hexosaminidases from livers of patients with three types of GM(2)-gangliosidoses were closely similar. No evidence could be found for cross-reacting material in enzyme-deficient states.
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180
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181
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182
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183
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Wenger DA, Okada S, O'Brien JS. Studies on the substrate specificity of hexosaminidase A and B from liver. Arch Biochem Biophys 1972; 153:116-29. [PMID: 4346630 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(72)90427-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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184
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185
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Beutler E, Kuhl W. Relationship between human alpha-galactosidase isozymes. NATURE: NEW BIOLOGY 1972; 239:207-8. [PMID: 4628279 DOI: 10.1038/newbio239207b0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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186
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Tallman JF, Johnson WG, Brady RO. The metabolism of Tay-Sachs ganglioside: catabolic studies with lysosomal enzymes from normal and Tay-Sachs brain tissue. J Clin Invest 1972; 51:2339-45. [PMID: 4639018 PMCID: PMC292400 DOI: 10.1172/jci107045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The catabolism of Tay-Sachs ganglioside, N-acetylgalactosaminyl- (N-acetylneuraminosyl) -galactosylglucosylceramide, has been studied in lysosomal preparations from normal human brain and brain obtained at biopsy from Tay-Sachs patients. Utilizing Tay-Sachs ganglioside labeled with (14)C in the N-acetylgalactosaminyl portion or (3)H in the N-acetylneuraminosyl portion, the catabolism of Tay-Sachs ganglioside may be initiated by either the removal of the molecule of N-acetylgalactosamine or N-acetylneuraminic acid. The activity of the N-acetylgalactosamine-cleaving enzyme (hexosaminidase) is drastically diminished in such preparations from Tay-Sachs brain whereas the activity of the N-acetylneuraminic acid-cleaving enzyme (neuraminidase) is at a normal level. Total hexosaminidase activity as measured with an artificial fluorogenic substrate is increased in tissues obtained from patients with the B variant form of Tay-Sachs disease and it is virtually absent in the O-variant patients. The addition of purified neuraminidase and various purified hexosaminidases exerted only a minimal synergistic effect on the hydrolysis of Tay-Sachs ganglioside in the lysosomal preparations from the control or patient with the O variant of Tay-Sachs disease.
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187
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Krivit W, Desnick RJ, Lee J, Moller J, Wright F, Sweeley CC, Snyder PD, Sharp HL. Generalized accumulation of neutral glycosphingolipids with GM2 ganglioside accumulation in the brain. Sandhoff's disease (variant of Tay-Sachs disease). Am J Med 1972; 52:763-70. [PMID: 5030173 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9343(72)90082-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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188
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Srivastava SK, Beutler E. Antibody against purified human hexosaminidase B cross-reacting with human hexosaminidase A. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1972; 47:753-9. [PMID: 4623705 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(72)90556-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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189
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190
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Snyder PD, Krivit W, Sweeley CC. Generalized accumulation of neutral glycosphingolipids with GM2 ganglioside accumulation in the brain. J Lipid Res 1972. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)39446-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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