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Frum A, Dobrea CM, Rus LL, Virchea LI, Morgovan C, Chis AA, Arseniu AM, Butuca A, Gligor FG, Vicas LG, Tita O, Georgescu C. Valorization of Grape Pomace and Berries as a New and Sustainable Dietary Supplement: Development, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity Testing. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153065. [PMID: 35893915 PMCID: PMC9370125 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Grape pomace and berries represent natural sources of phytochemicals that can increase the quality of life of consumers by contributing to the prevention of chronic diseases; thus, the development of a dietary supplement was necessary. The raw material (r.m.) used for the development of the dietary supplement consisted of dried and powdered bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), red currants (Ribes rubrum L.), and red fermented pomaces (Vitis vinifera L.) from Feteasca Neagra and Cabernet Sauvignon cultivars. The particle size distribution, powder flow, total phenolic content (TPC), HPLC-DAD phenolic profile assessment, and radical scavenging assay (RSA) were employed for the analysis of the raw material. After encapsulation, the average mass and uniformity of mass, the disintegration, and the uniformity of content for the obtained capsules were performed to obtain a high-quality dietary supplement. All the assays performed complied to the compendial requirements and the TPC was determined at 9.07 ± 0.25 mg gallic acid equivalents/g r.m. and RSA at 48.32 ± 0.74%. The highest quantities of phenolic compounds determined were 333.7 ± 0.50 µg/g r.m. for chlorogenic acid, followed by rutin, ferulic acid, and (+)-catechin with 198.9 ± 1.60 µg/g r.m., 179.8 ± 0.90 µg/g r.m. and 118.7 ± 0.75 µg/g r.m., respectively. The results of this study can be used for the manufacturing and assessing of pilot scale-up capsule batches and thinking of quality assurance, we recommend that the industrial batch extracts should be standardized in polyphenols, and the manufacturing process should be validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adina Frum
- Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.F.); (L.-I.V.); (C.M.); (A.A.C.); (A.M.A.); (A.B.); (F.G.G.)
| | - Carmen Maximiliana Dobrea
- Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.F.); (L.-I.V.); (C.M.); (A.A.C.); (A.M.A.); (A.B.); (F.G.G.)
- Correspondence: (C.M.D.); (L.L.R.)
| | - Luca Liviu Rus
- Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.F.); (L.-I.V.); (C.M.); (A.A.C.); (A.M.A.); (A.B.); (F.G.G.)
- Correspondence: (C.M.D.); (L.L.R.)
| | - Lidia-Ioana Virchea
- Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.F.); (L.-I.V.); (C.M.); (A.A.C.); (A.M.A.); (A.B.); (F.G.G.)
| | - Claudiu Morgovan
- Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.F.); (L.-I.V.); (C.M.); (A.A.C.); (A.M.A.); (A.B.); (F.G.G.)
| | - Adriana Aurelia Chis
- Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.F.); (L.-I.V.); (C.M.); (A.A.C.); (A.M.A.); (A.B.); (F.G.G.)
| | - Anca Maria Arseniu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.F.); (L.-I.V.); (C.M.); (A.A.C.); (A.M.A.); (A.B.); (F.G.G.)
| | - Anca Butuca
- Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.F.); (L.-I.V.); (C.M.); (A.A.C.); (A.M.A.); (A.B.); (F.G.G.)
| | - Felicia Gabriela Gligor
- Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.F.); (L.-I.V.); (C.M.); (A.A.C.); (A.M.A.); (A.B.); (F.G.G.)
| | | | - Ovidiu Tita
- Faculty of Agriculture Science, Food Industry and Environmental Protection, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550012 Sibiu, Romania; (O.T.); (C.G.)
| | - Cecilia Georgescu
- Faculty of Agriculture Science, Food Industry and Environmental Protection, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550012 Sibiu, Romania; (O.T.); (C.G.)
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152
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Goetting I, Larafa S, Eul K, Kunin M, Jakob B, Matschke J, Jendrossek V. Targeting AKT-Dependent Regulation of Antioxidant Defense Sensitizes AKT-E17K Expressing Cancer Cells to Ionizing Radiation. Front Oncol 2022; 12:920017. [PMID: 35875130 PMCID: PMC9304891 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.920017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of the phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway has clinical relevance to radiation resistance, but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an emerging role in the regulation of cell survival upon irradiation. AKT-dependent signaling participates in the regulation of cellular antioxidant defense. Here, we were interested to explore a yet unknown role of aberrant activation of AKT in regulating antioxidant defense in response to IR and associated radiation resistance.We combined genetic and pharmacologic approaches to study how aberrant activation of AKT impacts cell metabolism, antioxidant defense, and radiosensitivity. Therefore, we used TRAMPC1 (TrC1) prostate cancer cells overexpressing the clinically relevant AKT-variant AKT-E17K with increased AKT activity or wildtype AKT (AKT-WT) and analyzed the consequences of direct AKT inhibition (MK2206) and inhibition of AKT-dependent metabolic enzymes on the levels of cellular ROS, antioxidant capacity, metabolic state, short-term and long-term survival without and with irradiation.TrC1 cells expressing the clinically relevant AKT1-E17K variant were characterized by improved antioxidant defense compared to TrC1 AKT-WT cells and this was associated with increased radiation resistance. The underlying mechanisms involved AKT-dependent direct and indirect regulation of cellular levels of reduced glutathione (GSH). Pharmacologic inhibition of specific AKT-dependent metabolic enzymes supporting defense against oxidative stress, e.g., inhibition of glutathione synthase and glutathione reductase, improved eradication of clonogenic tumor cells, particularly of TrC1 cells overexpressing AKT-E17K.We conclude that improved capacity of TrC1 AKT-E17K cells to balance antioxidant defense with provision of energy and other metabolites upon irradiation compared to TrC1 AKT-WT cells contributes to their increased radiation resistance. Our findings on the importance of glutathione de novo synthesis and glutathione regeneration for radiation resistance of TrC1 AKT-E17K cells offer novel perspectives for improving radiosensitivity in cancer cells with aberrant AKT activity by combining IR with inhibitors targeting AKT-dependent regulation of GSH provision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabell Goetting
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Safa Larafa
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Katharina Eul
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Mikhail Kunin
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Burkhard Jakob
- Department of Biophysics, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Johann Matschke
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Verena Jendrossek, ; Johann Matschke,
| | - Verena Jendrossek
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Verena Jendrossek, ; Johann Matschke,
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153
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Abidi A, Dhaouafi J, Brinsi C, Tounsi H, Sebai H. Tunisian Horehound ( Marrubium vulgare) Aqueous Extract Improves Treatment of Bleomycin-Induced Lung Fibrosis in Rat. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258221119300. [PMID: 36003317 PMCID: PMC9393689 DOI: 10.1177/15593258221119300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) remains one of the most serious pneumopathies whose
diagnosis and physiopathogenesis are still poorly understood and no treatment
has been shown to be effective. Recently, many studies have shown a renewed
interest in plants thanks to their pharmacological potentials, like horehound,
known, for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The present study
investigated the effects of the aqueous extract of horehound (Mae) on bleomycin
(BLM)-induced PF in rats. Thirty rats were divided into three groups. The
control group received no treatment, the BLM group received only intratracheally
BLM (2 mg/kg), and the Mae group underwent administration of BLM+ Mae (2 mL/kg)
daily for 20 days. Obtained results showed that Mae, rich in polyphenols, could
significantly improve the damage caused by BLM by reducing the inflammatory
index and the fibrosis score, bringing the lung structure of fibrotic rats close
to that of control rats. As well, Mae obviously acted on the BLM inflammatory
reaction, and the counting of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (Balf) cells showed
an increase in total cell number and a decrease in the infiltration of
inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar space. In addition, the BLM
instillation was accompanied by oxidative stress in the lung, liver, and kidney
tissues, proven by an increase in lipid peroxidation, as well as through
depletion of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). The Mae treatment
reversed all disturbances of BLM-induced oxidative stress parameters promoting
antioxidant and anti-inflammatory of the latter. These findings point to Mae as
a promising candidate for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouar Abidi
- Unit of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources of the Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Béja, University of Jendouba, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Jihen Dhaouafi
- Unit of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources of the Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Béja, University of Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Chirine Brinsi
- Unit of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources of the Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Béja, University of Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Haifa Tounsi
- Laboratory of Human and Experimental Pathology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Unit of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources of the Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Béja, University of Jendouba, Tunisia
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154
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Cruces MP, González E, Pimentel E, Jiménez E, Sánchez P. Relationship between lifespan and somatic mutation in D. melanogaster after treatment with chlorophyllin. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 93:103891. [PMID: 35654371 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sodium copper chlorophyllin (SCC) has a genetic damage inhibitory capacity due to its antioxidant action. For this reason, it was considered to investigate its role in the life span of Drosophila melanogaster and its relationship with the frequency of somatic mutation induced by gamma rays. Results indicated that SCC alone prolonged the lifespan only in females, but in combination with 20 Gy of gamma rays, the aging delay in both sexes was significant. In addition to confirming that the porphyrin reduces the frequency of mutation, the individuals with the highest mutation load are the individuals who die more quickly, and once they are eliminated, the survivor individuals treated with 20 Gy or with SCC + 20 Gy, died at the same rate. The results together indicate that SCC not only inhibits induced genetic damage, but it also has beneficial effects that probably cause an aging delay of the treated population that need to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Patricia Cruces
- Departamento de Biología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ), Carretera México-Toluca, S/N, la Marquesa, Ocoyoacac CP. 52750, México
| | - Elena González
- Departamento de Biología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ), Carretera México-Toluca, S/N, la Marquesa, Ocoyoacac CP. 52750, México
| | - Emilio Pimentel
- Departamento de Biología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ), Carretera México-Toluca, S/N, la Marquesa, Ocoyoacac CP. 52750, México.
| | - Elizabeth Jiménez
- Departamento de Biología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ), Carretera México-Toluca, S/N, la Marquesa, Ocoyoacac CP. 52750, México
| | - Petra Sánchez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Edo Mex., México
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155
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Comparative Chemical Profiling and Biological Potential of Essential Oils of Petal, Choke, and Heart Parts of Cynara scolymus L. Head. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/2355004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential oil and macroelemental composition of different parts of flower bud (petal, choke, and heart) of Cynara scolymus L. were explored and compared using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Overall, 62 organic components were detected in the flower bud based on mass spectra characteristics and retention indices. The essential oil extracted from the petals, choke, and bud showed the presence of thirty-one, twenty-one, and twenty-one compounds, respectively, with linoleic acid and palmitic acid as the major components. 21 components were identified in the oil of the petals, comprising 94.45% of the total oil, in which linoleic acid methyl ester, palmitic acid methyl ester, octadecanoic acid methyl ester, O-α-d-glucopyranoside, and heptyl oct-3-yl ester were the major constituents. Twenty-one compounds, representing 89.13% of the total oil, were detected in the choke oil. Linoleic acid methyl ester, palmitic acid methyl ester, and 2-methyl-1-hexadecanol were the main components. However, the edible heart oil contains twenty compounds, comprising 86.84% of the total oil. Cyclopropane butanoic acid, linoleic acid, methyl ester, and palmitic acid were the major constituents. The analysis executed by ICP-MS revealed the presence of significant amounts of various inorganic elements in all the three samples. The extracted essential oils were tested for antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. The results showed that the oil extracted from the petals of C. scolymus flower bud displayed the highest antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects, as compared to choke and heart oils.
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156
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Liu Y, Dong W, Shen S, Meng F, Wang J, Yang K, Lin D. Enhancement of E. coli inactivation by photosensitized erythrosine-based solar disinfection under weakly acidic conditions. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 212:118125. [PMID: 35123381 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cost-effective disinfection technology is urgently needed in poor rural areas. Erythrosine (ERY)-based solar disinfection (SODIS) provides a promising solution because of its effective inactivation of viruses and gram-positive bacteria at low cost. However, the poor gram-negative bacteria (G-, e.g., Escherichia coli) inactivation of photosensitized ERY inhibits its application. Herein, for the first time, the protonation of ERY was found to greatly enhance its G- inactivation, and 99.99999% (7.0 log) of E. coli were completely inactivated within only 30 s using 2.5 mg/L ERY under 200 mW/cm2 visible light irradiation. The inactivation rate constant (k) reached 17.5 min-1 at pH 4.0, which was 4730 times higher than that at pH 7.0. At a lower pH, more severe cell wall and genomic DNA damage was observed. A linear correlation between k and monoanionic ERY (HE-) content was obtained, indicating that HE- rather than dianionic ERY (E2-) participated in the inactivation at pH 5.0-7.0, which was further explained by the higher production of reactive oxygen species and bacterial adsorption of HE- than E2-. Both 1O2 and O2-• dominated bacterial inactivation, contributing 56.8% and 43.2%, respectively. O2-• but not 1O2 caused ERY photobleaching. OH• was not involved in either inactivation or photobleaching. Humic acid and salts (NaCl, Na2SO4, CaCl2, and MgCl2) slightly inhibited inactivation, while NaHCO3 accelerated inactivation. Complete inactivation (99.9999%) of E. coli was achieved within ∼30 min at pH 5.0 in ERY-based SODIS with good adaptation to various water matrices and weather (sunny or partly cloudy). This work will help to promote the application of ERY-based disinfection especially for SODIS in poor rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenhua Dong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuyi Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fanxu Meng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Daohui Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Ecological Civilization Academy, Anji 313300, China.
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157
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Essential Protective Role of Catalytically Active Antibodies (Abzymes) with Redox Antioxidant Functions in Animals and Humans. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073898. [PMID: 35409256 PMCID: PMC8999700 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During the life of aerobic organisms, the oxygen resulting from numerous reactions is converted into reactive oxygen species (ROS). Many ROS are dangerous due to their high reactivity; they are strong oxidants, and react with various cell components, leading to their damage. To protect against ROS overproduction, enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems are evolved in aerobic cells. Several known non-enzymatic antioxidants have a relatively low specific antioxidant activity. Superoxide dismutases, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, thioredoxin, and the peroxiredoxin families are the most important enzyme antioxidants. Artificial antibodies catalyzing redox reactions using different approaches have been created. During the past several decades, it has been shown that the blood and various biological fluids of humans and animals contain natural antibodies that catalyze different redox reactions, such as classical enzymes. This review, for the first time, summarizes data on existing non-enzymatic antioxidants, canonical enzymes, and artificial or natural antibodies (abzymes) with redox functions. Comparing abzymes with superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxide-dependent peroxidase, and H2O2-independent oxidoreductase activities with the same activities as classical enzymes was carried out. The features of abzymes with the redox activities are described, including their exceptional diversity in the optimal pH values, dependency and independence on various metal ions, and the reaction rate constants for healthy donors and patients with different autoimmune diseases. The entire body of evidence indicates that abzymes with redox antioxidant activities existing in the blood for a long time compared to enzymes are an essential part of the protection system of humans and animals from oxidative stress.
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158
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Zhang L, Ding H, Shi Y, Zhang D, Yang X. CTRP9 decreases high glucose‑induced trophoblast cell damage by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:185. [PMID: 35348185 PMCID: PMC8985207 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
C1q/TNF-α-related protein 9 (CTRP9) is downregulated in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and may exert a protective effect against GDM, although its mechanism of action is yet to be elucidated. To investigate the specific role of CTRP9 in GDM, the human placental trophoblast cell line HTR8/SVneo was treated with high glucose (HG) to simulate the environment of GDM in vitro. The effects of CTRP9 on the HTR8/SVneo cells and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were analyzed before and after CTRP9 overexpression using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. The results obtained demonstrated that CTRP9 alleviated ER stress in the trophoblast cell line. After treating with the ER-stress inducer tunicamycin, cell viability was investigated by performing Cell Counting Kit-8, TUNEL and western blotting assays, which revealed that CTRP9 increased the activity of HTR8/SVneo cells induced by HG through the alleviation of ER stress. Subsequently, ELISA and western blotting assay results demonstrated that CTRP9 inhibited HG-induced inflammation of the HTR8/SVneo cells by the reduction in ER stress. Finally, the detection of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide (NO) synthase and NO levels confirmed that CTRP9 inhibited the oxidative stress of HTR8/SVneo cells induced by HG through the reduction of ER stress. Collectively, the results of the present study suggested that CTRP9 may decrease trophoblast cell damage caused by HG through the suppression of ER stress, and therefore, CTRP9 may potentially be a therapeutic target in the treatment of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianxiao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P.R. China
| | - Huiqing Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P.R. China
| | - Yubo Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P.R. China
| | - Duoyi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P.R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, P.R. China
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159
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Ambroz A, Rossner P, Rossnerova A, Honkova K, Milcova A, Pastorkova A, Klema J, Pulkrabova J, Parizek O, Vondraskova V, Zelenka J, Vrzáčková N, Schmuczerova J, Topinka J, Sram RJ. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Response in Populations of the Czech Republic Exposed to Various Levels of Environmental Pollutants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063609. [PMID: 35329296 PMCID: PMC8955578 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to identify the variables that modify levels of oxidatively damaged DNA and lipid peroxidation in subjects living in diverse localities of the Czech Republic (a rural area, a metropolitan locality, and an industrial region). The sampling of a total of 126 policemen was conducted twice in two sampling seasons. Personal characteristics, concentrations of particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter <2.5 µm and benzo[a]pyrene in the ambient air, activities of antioxidant mechanisms (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and antioxidant capacity), levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), concentrations of persistent organic pollutants in blood plasma, and urinary levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites were investigated as parameters potentially affecting the markers of DNA oxidation (8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine) and lipid peroxidation (15-F2t-isoprostane). The levels of oxidative stress markers mostly differed between the localities in the individual sampling seasons. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed IL-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, as a factor with the most pronounced effects on oxidative stress parameters. The role of other variables, including environmental pollutants, was minor. In conclusion, our study showed that oxidative damage to macromolecules was affected by processes related to inflammation; however, we did not identify a specific environmental factor responsible for the pro-inflammatory response in the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonin Ambroz
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (P.R.J.); Tel.: +420-720-045-780 (P.R.J.)
| | - Pavel Rossner
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (P.R.J.); Tel.: +420-720-045-780 (P.R.J.)
| | - Andrea Rossnerova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (K.H.); (A.M.); (J.T.); (R.J.S.)
| | - Katerina Honkova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (K.H.); (A.M.); (J.T.); (R.J.S.)
| | - Alena Milcova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (K.H.); (A.M.); (J.T.); (R.J.S.)
| | - Anna Pastorkova
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Jiri Klema
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Karlovo Namesti 13, 121 35 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Jana Pulkrabova
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (O.P.); (V.V.)
| | - Ondrej Parizek
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (O.P.); (V.V.)
| | - Veronika Vondraskova
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (O.P.); (V.V.)
| | - Jaroslav Zelenka
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.Z.); (N.V.)
| | - Nikola Vrzáčková
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.Z.); (N.V.)
| | - Jana Schmuczerova
- Department of Medical Genetics, L. Pasteur University Hospital, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Jan Topinka
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (K.H.); (A.M.); (J.T.); (R.J.S.)
| | - Radim J. Sram
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (K.H.); (A.M.); (J.T.); (R.J.S.)
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Research Progress on Targeted Antioxidant Therapy and Vitiligo. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1821780. [PMID: 35320978 PMCID: PMC8938057 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1821780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vitiligo is a common acquired depigmenting disease characterized by the loss of functional melanocytes and epidermal melanin. Vitiligo has a long treatment cycle and slow results, which is one of the most difficult challenges for skin diseases. Oxidative stress plays an important role as an initiating and driving factor in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Antioxidant therapy has recently become a research hotspot in vitiligo treatment. A series of antioxidants has been discovered and applied to the treatment of vitiligo, which has returned satisfactory results. This article briefly reviews the relationship between oxidative stress and vitiligo. We also describe the progress of targeted antioxidant therapy in vitiligo, with the aim of providing a reference for new drug development and treatment options for this condition.
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Mattioli S, Dimauro C, Cesarani A, Dal Bosco A, Bartolini D, Galli F, Migni A, Sebastiani B, Signorini C, Oger C, Collodel G, Castellini C. A Dynamic Model for Estimating the Interaction of ROS–PUFA–Antioxidants in Rabbit. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030531. [PMID: 35326181 PMCID: PMC8944554 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Defining optimal nutrition in animals and humans remains a main scientific challenge. The objective of the work was to develop a dynamic model of reactive oxygen species (ROS)–polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)–antioxidant homeostasis using the rabbit as a model. The problem entity was to evaluate the main metabolites generated from interactions between traits included in the conceptual model and identified by three main sub–models: (i) ROS generation, (ii) PUFA oxidation and (iii) antioxidant defence. A mathematical model (VENSIM software) that consisted of molecular stocks (INPUTs, OUTPUTs), exchange flows (intermediate OUTPUTs) and process rates was developed. The calibration was performed by using standard experimental data (Experiment 1), whereas the validation was carried out in Experiments 2 and 3 by using supra–nutritional dietary inputs (VIT E+ and PUFA+). The accuracy of the models was measured using 95% confidence intervals. Analytical OUTPUTs (ROS, PUFA, Vit E, Ascorbic acid, Iso–/NeuroProstanes, Aldehydes) were well described by the standard model. There was also good accuracy for the VIT E+ scenario, whereas some compensatory rates (Kc1–Kc4) were added to assess body compensation when high levels of dietary PUFA were administered (Experiment 3). In conclusion, the model can be very useful for predicting the effects of dietary treatments on the redox homeostasis of rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Mattioli
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo 20 Giugno, 74, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Corrado Dimauro
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Viale Italia, 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Alberto Cesarani
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Viale Italia, 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Dal Bosco
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo 20 Giugno, 74, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Desiree Bartolini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Enrico Dal Pozzo, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Galli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Enrico Dal Pozzo, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Anna Migni
- Department of Life Science and System Biology, Università di Torino, Via Accademia Albertina, 13, 10123 Torino, Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Sebastiani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Via del Giochetto, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Cinzia Signorini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Viale Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, 1919 route de Mende, CEDEX 05, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Giulia Collodel
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Viale Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Cesare Castellini
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo 20 Giugno, 74, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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Umar Ijaz M, Rauf A, Mustafa S, Ahmed H, Ashraf A, Al-Ghanim K, Swamy Mruthinti S, Mahboob S. Pachypodol attenuates Perfluorooctane sulphonate-induced testicular damage by reducing oxidative stress. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:1380-1385. [PMID: 35280584 PMCID: PMC8913419 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is an endocrine disruptor chemical (EDC) with potentially adverse effects on the male reproductive system. Pachypodol (5,4'-dihydroxy-3,7,3'-trimethoxyflavone) is a promising flavonoid isolated from Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth that shows a broad range of pharmacological properties. However, the potential curative effects of pachypodol on testicular toxicity are not available until now. Therefore, this research was proposed to examine the efficiency of pachypodol against PFOS-induced testicular toxicity in adult male rats. The experiments were conducted on Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 48), which were equally distributed into four groups: control, PFOS (20 mg/kg), PFOS + Pachypodol (20 mg/kg + 10 mg/kg respectively), and Pachypodol (10 mg/kg). After 56 days of treatment, testes were excised by slaughtering rats, weighed, and stored till further analysis. The estimated parameters include biochemical markers, spermatogenic indices, hormonal and histopathological profiles. PFOS exposure disturbed the biochemical profile by altering the antioxidant/oxidant balance. For instance, it decreased the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GSR) while increasing the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). PFOS intoxication also led to a notable decline in viability, motility, epididymal sperm count, and the number of HOS coiled-tail sperms, whereas the higher level of abnormality in the head, mid-piece, and tail of sperms were observed. Besides, it lowered luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and plasma testosterone. In addition, PFOS exposure led to histopathological damages in testicles. However, pachypodol treatment potently alleviated all the illustrated impairments in testes. Conclusively, our results demonstrate the promising free-radical scavenging activity of pachypodol, a novel phytochemical, against the PFOS-instigated testicular dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Rauf
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shama Mustafa
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, The University of Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Asma Ashraf
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Al-Ghanim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - S. Mahboob
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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163
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Guan H, Wang D, Sun B. Dual-mode colorimetric/fluorometric sensor for the detection of glutathione based on the peroxidase-like activity of carbon quantum dots. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.109147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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164
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Hsueh YJ, Chen YN, Tsao YT, Cheng CM, Wu WC, Chen HC. The Pathomechanism, Antioxidant Biomarkers, and Treatment of Oxidative Stress-Related Eye Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031255. [PMID: 35163178 PMCID: PMC8835903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important pathomechanism found in numerous ocular degenerative diseases. To provide a better understanding of the mechanism and treatment of oxidant/antioxidant imbalance-induced ocular diseases, this article summarizes and provides updates on the relevant research. We review the oxidative damage (e.g., lipid peroxidation, DNA lesions, autophagy, and apoptosis) that occurs in different areas of the eye (e.g., cornea, anterior chamber, lens, retina, and optic nerve). We then introduce the antioxidant mechanisms present in the eye, as well as the ocular diseases that occur as a result of antioxidant imbalances (e.g., keratoconus, cataracts, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma), the relevant antioxidant biomarkers, and the potential of predictive diagnostics. Finally, we discuss natural antioxidant therapies for oxidative stress-related ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jen Hsueh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (Y.-N.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (W.-C.W.)
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ning Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (Y.-N.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (W.-C.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Tsao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (Y.-N.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (W.-C.W.)
| | - Chao-Min Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30012, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Chi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (Y.-N.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (W.-C.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (Y.-N.C.); (Y.-T.T.); (W.-C.W.)
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-328-1200 (ext. 7855); Fax: +886-3-328-7798
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165
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Photo-activated proflavine degrades protein and impairs enzyme activity: Involvement of hydroxyl radicals. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:78-86. [PMID: 35024344 PMCID: PMC8724948 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Generation of hydroxyl radical (·OH) increased by proflavine upon illumination with fluorescent light. Proflavine resulted in oxidative modifications and degradation of protein and enzyme structure. The addition of Cu (II) augmented photo-illuminated proflavine to generate hydroxyl radicals. Proflavine-induced hydroxyl radicals have a deleterious influence on protein and enzyme activity.
Proflavine is a well-known antiseptic and bacteriostatic drug, however, it has the potential to be hazardous and mutagenic. Proflavine enters cells and intercalates between DNA base pairs, resulting in mutation and replication inhibition. Previously several investigators demonstrated that photo-activated proflavine generated double-stranded DNA breakage and protein structural alterations. The present study investigated the role of hydroxyl radical (·OH) due to activation of proflavine in the breakdown of protein and enzyme by photo-activated proflavine. The results show that the formation of hydroxyl radicals increased as the photo-illumination period increased, as did the concentrations of proflavine and Cu (II). As demonstrated by SDS-PAGE, the excess of free radicals due to proflavine resulted in oxidative modifications and degradation of BSA protein and trypsin enzyme. Additionally, with an increase in Cu (II) concentration, photo-illuminated proflavine induced a considerable loss of enzyme activity and also accelerated the degradation of the enzyme. Bathocuproine, a particular Cu (I)-sequestering agent, prevented protein degradation and enzyme inactivation. Hydroxyl radical scavengers inhibited the protein-damaging process, indicating that hydroxyl radicals play a substantial role in protein damage. The tryptophan moiety was quenched by proflavine, demonstrating that it binds to proteins and enzymes, changing their structure and activity. As a result, this study helps to better understand proflavine's deleterious influence on protein and enzyme degradation by oxygen-free radicals.
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166
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Ijaz MU, Mustafa S, Batool R, Naz H, Ahmed H, Anwar H. Ameliorative effect of herbacetin against cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats via attenuation of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221132140. [DOI: 10.1177/09603271221132140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Herbacetin (HBN) is a glycosylated flavonoid, which possesses numerous pharmacological properties. Cyclophosphamide (CYC) is a chemotherapeutic drug that adversely affects the kidneys. The present investigation aimed to evaluate the curative potential of HBN against CYC-induced nephrotoxicity. Sprague Dawley rats ( n = 48) were randomly divided into four groups: control (0.1% DMSO + food), CYC (150 mg/kg b.wt.), CYC+HBN (150 + 40 mg/kg b.wt.), and HBN (40mg/kg b.wt.). CYC treatment significantly decreased the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GSR) while elevating the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Treatment with HBN significantly recovered the activity of CAT, SOD, GPx, and GSR while reducing the concentrations of ROS and MDA. Moreover, an increase in the level of renal functional markers, including Urea, creatinine, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and a decrease in creatinine clearance after CYC administration was recovered to control values by HBN treatment. Furthermore, HBN treatment normalized the increased levels of inflammatory markers such as nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) after CYC administration. Besides, HBN administration increased the expression of anti-apoptotic markers (Bcl-2) while decreasing the apoptotic markers (Bax and Caspase-3). Furthermore, HBN decreased the activities of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes (ICDH, αKGDH, SDH, and MDH) as well as renal mitochondrial respiratory-chain complexes (I-IV) and repolarized mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Additionally, HBN administration significantly protected against renal histological damage induced by CYC. In conclusion, CYC-induced toxicity was effectively ameliorated by the HBN administration. These results indicate that HBN might be considered as a potential protective agent against nephrotoxicity. The observed protection may be due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shama Mustafa
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Riffat Batool
- Directorate of Board of Advanced Studies and Research, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Huma Naz
- Department of Zoology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, The University of Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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167
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Costas C, Faro LR. Do Naturally Occurring Antioxidants Protect Against Neurodegeneration of the Dopaminergic System? A Systematic Revision in Animal Models of Parkinson's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:432-459. [PMID: 33882808 PMCID: PMC9413795 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210421092725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and is characterized by a significant decrease in dopamine levels, caused by progressive degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway. Multiple mechanisms have been implicated in its pathogenesis, including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, insufficient support for neurotrophic factors and cell apoptosis. The absence of treatments capable of slowing or stopping the progression of PD has increased the interest in the natural antioxidant substances present in the diet, since they have multiple beneficial properties and it is possible that they can influence the mechanisms responsible for the dysfunction and death of dopaminergic neurons. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review is to analyze the results obtained in a set of studies carried out in the last years, which describe the neuroprotective, antioxidant and regenerative functions of some naturally occurring antioxidants in experimental models of PD. The results show that the exogenous no enzymatic antioxidants can significantly modify the biochemical and behavioral mechanisms that contribute to the pathophysiology of Parkinsonism in experimental animals. Therefore, it is possible that they may contribute to effective neuroprotection by providing a significant improvement in neuropathological markers. In conclusion, the results of this review suggest that exogenous antioxidants can be promising therapeutic candidates for the prevention and treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Costas
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Lilian R.F. Faro
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain
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168
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Bisphenol A and Male Infertility: Role of Oxidative Stress. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1391:119-135. [PMID: 36472820 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12966-7_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that is capable of mimicking, antagonizing, and interfering with the normal biological functioning of the endocrine system. BPA is used in diverse industries, hence its vast sources of exposure. Although the half-life of BPA is relatively short (<24 hours), studies have reported its detection in the urine of different populations. It, therefore, became important to investigate its effect on general health, including male reproductive health. The adverse effects of BPA on male fertility have been evaluated and reported from both in vivo and in vitro studies. Up to date, reports from randomized controlled trials remain controversial, as some revealed decreased sperm quality, sperm concentration, and total sperm count, while others reported that no adverse effect was seen after exposure. Findings from animal model studies and in vitro experiments have shown that exposure to BPA led to a reduction in sperm quality and increased sperm DNA fragmentation, and some even revealed altered expression of the gene that encodes gonadotropin-releasing hormone. This shows that BPA not only may adversely affect male fertility by acting as an endocrine disruptor but also can potentially impact male fertility via its possible contribution to oxidative stress. Therefore, this book chapter aims to identify and elucidate the effect of BPA exposure on male fertility, and to as well illustrate the mechanisms through which this occurs, while emphasizing the role of oxidative stress as a potential pathway.
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169
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Ezema CA, Ezeorba TPC, Aguchem RN, Okagu IU. Therapeutic benefits of Salvia species: A focus on cancer and viral infection. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08763. [PMID: 35146151 PMCID: PMC8819530 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Man is increasingly being faced with many health conditions, including viral infection, some of which increases the risk to cancer. These infectious agents contribute to the large number of persons with cancer and the worrisome number that die from the diseases. A good range of drugs are currently in place for treating patients infected with viruses, however, some of the drugs' effectiveness are limited by the emergence of drug-resistant strains of the viruses, as well as adverse effects of the drugs. Similarly, the inability of many anticancer drugs to selectively kill cancer cells while sparing hosts' normal cells limit their use. This warrants more research for newer drugs, especially from chemicals naturally encrypted in plants with anticancer and antiviral activities. In response to infection with cancer-inducing viruses, plants such as Salvia species synthesize and store secondary metabolites to protect themselves and kill these viruses as well as inhibit their ability to induce carcinogenesis. Hence, this review presented a discussion on the potential application of Salvia species in the prevention and management of cancer and viral infection. The study also discusses the cellular mechanisms of action of these herbal products against cancer cells and viruses, where available and provided suggestions on future research directions. The study is believed to spur more research on how to exploit Salvia phytochemicals as candidates for the development of nutraceuticals and drugs for managing cancers and viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinonso Anthony Ezema
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Nigeria
- Division of Soft Matter, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | | | - Rita Ngozi Aguchem
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Nigeria
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170
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Mustafa S, Ijaz MU, ul Ain Q, Afsar T, Almajwal A, Shafique H, Razak S. OUP accepted manuscript. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2022; 11:475-485. [PMID: 35782651 PMCID: PMC9244725 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shama Mustafa
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Qurat ul Ain
- Department of Zoology, Government College Women University, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huma Shafique
- Institute of cellular medicine, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE17RU, United Kingdom
| | - Suhail Razak
- Corresponding author: Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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171
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Tran TTN, Tran DP, Nguyen TMA, Tran TH, Phan NNA, Nguyen VC, Nguyen VT, Bowie JH. Virtual screening and rational design of antioxidant peptides based on tryptophyllin L structures isolated from the Litoria rubella frog. J Pept Sci 2021; 28:e3380. [PMID: 34779094 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Discovery of natural antioxidants has been carried out for decades relying mainly on experimental approaches that are commonly associated with time and cost demanding biochemical assays. The maturation of quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) modelling has provided an alternative approach for searching and designing antioxidant compounds with alleviated costs. As a contribution to this approach, this work aimed to establish a fragment-based 3D-QSAR procedure to discover and design potential antioxidants based on tryptophyllin L structures isolated from the red tree frog Litoria rubella. A force field and a Gaussian 3D-QSAR model were built to screen for potential antioxidants from tripeptide fragments covering all sequences of tryptophyllin L database. Among those, PWY(NH2 ) corresponding tryptophyllin L 4.1 was predicted to have the highest 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical cation (ABTS+ ·) scavenging capability. Two newly designed peptides PYW and PYW(NH2 ) together with PWY(NH2 ), tryptophyllin L 4.1, and the reference peptide PWY were synthesized and subjected to two antioxidant assays including ABTS scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays. Although the experimental TEAC values of the five peptides were roughly similar to those from predictions, the activity order was not in agreement with the predictions. The dissimilarities were accounted by the difference in the experimental procedures, the deviation of modelling regression, and the synergetic effect of structural and experimental features. The ABTS radical scavenging assays revealed that all the tested peptides were strong ABTS+ · scavengers with the antioxidant capabilities approximately twice as high as trolox and higher than glutathione. The ferric reducing activities of the peptides were, on the other hand, much weaker than that of trolox suggesting different antioxidant mechanisms inserted by trolox and the peptides. This work was a demonstration that 3D-QSAR methods can be employed in conjunction with experimental methods to effectively detect and design antioxidant peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thanh Nha Tran
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, 12 Nguyen Van Bao, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Dinh Phien Tran
- Department of Chemistry and Environment, Vietnam-Russia Tropical Centre, 63 Nguyen Van Huyen, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, 11307, Vietnam
| | - Thi Minh Anh Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, 12 Nguyen Van Bao, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Thai Hoang Tran
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, 12 Nguyen Van Bao, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Nu Ngọc Anh Phan
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, 12 Nguyen Van Bao, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Van Cuong Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, 12 Nguyen Van Bao, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Van Trong Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, 12 Nguyen Van Bao, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - John H Bowie
- Faculty of Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
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172
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Shaban MA, El-Husseiny AA, Shaban HM, Hamdi SAH, Elshafey MM. Hepatoprotective Effect of Alcoholic and N-hexane Extracts of Crayfish Procambarus Clarkii against CCl4-induced Damage in HepG2 Cells. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2021.1988791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Ahmed Shaban
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. El-Husseiny
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham Mohamed Shaban
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mostafa Mahmoud Elshafey
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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173
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Traversari S, Pistelli L, Del Ministro B, Cacini S, Costamagna G, Ginepro M, Marchioni I, Orlandini A, Massa D. Combined effect of silicon and non-thermal plasma treatments on yield, mineral content, and nutraceutical proprieties of edible flowers of Begonia cucullata. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 166:1014-1021. [PMID: 34273738 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Edible flowers are becoming popular as a nutraceutical and functional food that can contribute to human nutrition with high antioxidant molecules and mineral elements. While comparative studies between different flower species have been performed, less is known about the best agronomical practices to increase yield and nutraceutical proprieties of blooms. Silicon stimulates plant resistance against stress and promotes plant growth while non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology has been applied for the disinfection and decontamination of water, as well as for increasing plant production and quality. The application of silicon and NTP technology through nutrient solution and spraying was investigated in edible flowers given that the combination of these treatments may play a role in promoting their nutritional and nutraceutical proprieties. The treatments were applied on two varieties of Begonia cucullata Willd. (white and red flowers) to explore their effects on different flower pigmentations. Plants with red flowers showed higher nutraceutical proprieties than the white ones but yielded a lower flower number. While the NTP treatment did not improve flower yield and quality, the silicon treatment increased anthocyanins and dry weight percentage in red flowers. NTP treatment increased zinc concentration, while it decreased potassium, magnesium, and manganese, and increased silicon concentration in white flowers. The combination of silicon and NTP showed negative effects on some nutraceutical proprieties of red flowers thus highlighting that the two treatments cannot be combined in edible flower production. In conclusion, the positive effect of silicon use in edible flower production has been demonstrated while the NTP technology showed contrasting results and its use should be explored in greater depth, including a consideration of its role in biotic attack prevention and reduced chemical input.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Traversari
- CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Via dei Fiori 8, 51017, Pescia (PT), Italy.
| | - Laura Pistelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Agro-environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD), University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Bianca Del Ministro
- CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Via dei Fiori 8, 51017, Pescia (PT), Italy
| | - Sonia Cacini
- CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Via dei Fiori 8, 51017, Pescia (PT), Italy
| | - Giulia Costamagna
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 5, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Ginepro
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 5, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Ilaria Marchioni
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Agro-environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Orlandini
- CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Via dei Fiori 8, 51017, Pescia (PT), Italy
| | - Daniele Massa
- CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Via dei Fiori 8, 51017, Pescia (PT), Italy
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174
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Density functional theory studies of the antioxidants-a review. J Mol Model 2021; 27:271. [PMID: 34463834 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04891-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The following review article attempts to compare the antioxidant activity of the compounds. For this purpose, density functional theory/Becke three-parameter Lee-Yang-Parr (DFT/B3LYP) methodology was carried out instead of using pharmacological methodologies because of economic benefits and high accuracy. This methodology filtrates the compounds with the lowest antioxidant activity. At first, the Koopmans' theorem was carried out to calculate some descriptors to compare antioxidants. The energy of the highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO) was accepted as the best indicator, and then some studies confirmed that the highest occupied molecular orbital/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) energy gap is the more precise descriptor. Although it would be better to compare spin density distribution (SDD) on the oxygen of the corresponding radical in the polarizable continuum model (PCM) to evaluate their capability to chain reaction inhibition. Next, it was mentioned that in the multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs), the antioxidant is connected to other moieties in para positions to create better antioxidants or novel hybrid compounds. Indeed, SDD was introduced as a descriptor for MTDL antioxidant effectiveness. Then, the relation between antioxidants and aromaticity was investigated. The more the aromaticity of an antioxidant, the more stable the corresponding radical is. Subsequently, in preferred antioxidant activity, it was defined that the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanism is more favored in metabolism phase I. It has been seen that the solvent model can change the antioxidant mechanism. Therefore, the solvent model is more important than the chemical structure of antioxidants, and an ideal antioxidant should be evaluated in PCM for pharmacological evaluations.
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175
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Wu R, Wang X, Shao Y, Jiang Y, Zhou Y, Lu C. NFATc4 mediates ethanol-triggered hepatocyte senescence. Toxicol Lett 2021; 350:10-21. [PMID: 34192554 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocyte senescence is a core event that mediates the occurrence and development of alcoholic liver disease. Nuclear factor of activated T-cells 4 (NFATc4) is a key driver of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. However, little was known about the implication of NFATc4 for alcoholic liver disease. This study was aimed to investigate the role of NFATc4 in hepatocyte senescence and further elucidate the underlying mechanism. METHODS Real-time PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence staining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were performed to explore the role of NFATc4 in hepatocyte senescence. RESULTS NFATc4 was induced in ethanol-incubated hepatocytes. NFATc4 knockdown recovered cell viability and reduced the release of aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and lactic dehydrogenase from ethanol-incubated hepatocytes. NFATc4 knockdown protected mice from alcoholic liver injury and inflammation. NFATc4 knockdown counteracted ethanol-induced hepatocyte senescence, evidenced by decreased senescence-associated β-galactosidase positivity and reduced p16, p21, HMGA1, and γH2AX, which was validated in in vivo studies. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ was inhibited by NFATc4 in ethanol-treated hepatocytes. PPARγ deficiency abrogated the inhibitory effects of NFATc4 knockdown on hepatocyte senescence, oxidative stress, and hepatic steatosis in mice with alcoholic liver disease. CONCLUSIONS This work discovered that ethanol enhanced NFATc4 expression, which further triggered hepatocyte senescence via repression of PPARγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoman Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinqi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunyun Shao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiming Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunfeng Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
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176
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Suksaeree J, Wunnakup T, Monton C. Synergistic antioxidant activity of plant compositions contained in Chatuphalathika herbal recipe: Terminalia chebula Retz. var. chebula, Terminalia arjuna Wight and Arn., Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb., and Phyllanthus emblica L. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-021-00585-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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177
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Comparative Analysis of Flavonoid Metabolites in Foxtail Millet ( Setaria italica) with Different Eating Quality. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11060578. [PMID: 34207187 PMCID: PMC8235519 DOI: 10.3390/life11060578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) is an important minor cereal crop in China. The yellow color of the de-husked grain is the most direct aspect for evaluating the foxtail millet quality. The yellow pigment mainly includes carotenoids (lutein and zeaxanthin) and flavonoids. To reveal the diversity and specificity of flavonoids in foxtail millet, we chose three high eating quality and two poor eating quality varieties as research materials. A total of 116 flavonoid metabolites were identified based on Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) system. The tested varieties contained similar levels of flavonoid metabolites, but with each variety accumulating its unique flavonoid metabolites. A total of 33 flavonoid metabolites were identified as significantly discrepant between high eating quality and poor eating quality varieties, which were mainly in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway and one of its branches, the flavone and flavonol biosynthesis pathway. These results showed the diversified components of flavonoids accumulated in foxtail millets and laid the foundation for further research on flavonoids and the breeding for high-quality foxtail millet varieties.
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178
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Ijaz MU, Anwar H, Iqbal S, Ismail H, Ashraf A, Mustafa S, Samad A. Protective effect of myricetin on nonylphenol-induced testicular toxicity: biochemical, steroidogenic, hormonal, spermatogenic, and histological-based evidences. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:22742-22757. [PMID: 33423203 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12296-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) is an environmental contaminant, which induces testicular toxicity through oxidative stress. Myricetin (MYR) is a naturally occurring flavonol having powerful antioxidant activity. The current research was planned to examine the ameliorative role of MYR against NP-induced testicular damage. A total of 24 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 equivalent groups: control (0.1% DMSO), NP group (50 mg kg-1), NP + MYR group (50 mg kg-1; 100 mg kg-1), and MYR-treated group (100 mg kg-1). NP administration significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GSR), and protein content while significantly (p < 0.05) elevating the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Additionally, NP significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the sperm motility, gene expression of testicular steroidogenic enzymes (3β-HSD, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; 17β-HSD, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; StAR, steroidogenic-acute regulatory protein), level of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), plasma testosterone, and daily sperm production (DSP). On the other hand, it raised the testicular cholesterol, dead sperms, and head, midpiece, and tail abnormalities along with abnormal histomorphometry. However, MYR remarkably abrogated NP-induced damages. In conclusion, the outcomes of the study suggest that MYR can effectively alleviate the NP-induced oxidative stress and testicular damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shabnoor Iqbal
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Asma Ashraf
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shama Mustafa
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Samad
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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Mattioli S, Collodel G, Signorini C, Cotozzolo E, Noto D, Cerretani D, Micheli L, Fiaschi AI, Brecchia G, Menchetti L, Moretti E, Oger C, De Felice C, Castellini C. Tissue Antioxidant Status and Lipid Peroxidation Are Related to Dietary Intake of n-3 Polyunsaturated Acids: A Rabbit Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:681. [PMID: 33925444 PMCID: PMC8146135 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism and tissue distribution is modulated by the oxidation of these molecules. This research aimed to investigate the implication of dietary n-3 PUFA supplementation (precursor and long-chain PUFA) on the PUFA profile and oxidative status of the liver, testis, and brain of adult rabbit bucks. Twenty New Zealand White rabbit bucks were divided into four experimental groups (n = 5 per group) and were fed different diets for 110 days: control (CNT), standard diet containing 50 mg/kg alpha-tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E); CNT+, standard diet + 200 mg/kg vitamin E; FLAX, standard diet + 10% flaxseed + 200 mg/kg vitamin E; or FISH, standard diet + 3.5% fish oil + 200 mg/kg vitamin E. Antioxidants (enzymatic and non-enzymatic), oxidative status (malondialdehyde and isoprostanoids), and n-3 and n-6 PUFAs of tissues were analysed. A chain mechanism of oxidant/antioxidant molecules, which largely depended on the particular PUFA composition, was delineated in the different organs. The liver showed an oxidant/antioxidant profile and lipid pathways widely modulated by PUFA and vitamin E administration; on the other hand, the testis' oxidative profile rather than its lipid profile seemed to be particularly affected, an outcome opposite to that of the brain (modulation operated by dietary PUFA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Mattioli
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo 20 Giugno, 74, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (S.M.); (E.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Giulia Collodel
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Viale Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.S.); (D.N.); (E.M.)
| | - Cinzia Signorini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Viale Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.S.); (D.N.); (E.M.)
| | - Elisa Cotozzolo
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo 20 Giugno, 74, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (S.M.); (E.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Daria Noto
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Viale Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.S.); (D.N.); (E.M.)
| | - Daniela Cerretani
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Viale Bracci, 16, 53100 Siena, Italy; (D.C.); (L.M.); (A.I.F.)
| | - Lucia Micheli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Viale Bracci, 16, 53100 Siena, Italy; (D.C.); (L.M.); (A.I.F.)
| | - Anna Ida Fiaschi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Viale Bracci, 16, 53100 Siena, Italy; (D.C.); (L.M.); (A.I.F.)
| | - Gabriele Brecchia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy;
| | - Laura Menchetti
- Department of Agricultural and Agri-Food Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Elena Moretti
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Viale Bracci 16, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.S.); (D.N.); (E.M.)
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, 5247 Montpellier, France;
| | - Claudio De Felice
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Cesare Castellini
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo 20 Giugno, 74, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (S.M.); (E.C.); (C.C.)
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180
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Enhancing Micronutrients Bioavailability through Fermentation of Plant-Based Foods: A Concise Review. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7020063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Plant-based foods are rich sources of vitamins and essential micronutrients. For the proper functioning of the human body and their crucial role, trace minerals (iron, zinc, magnesium, manganese, etc.) are required in appropriate amounts. Cereals and pulses are the chief sources of these trace minerals. Despite these minerals, adequate consumption of plant foods cannot fulfill the human body’s total nutrient requirement. Plant foods also contain ample amounts of anti-nutritional factors such as phytate, tannins, phenols, oxalates, etc. These factors can compromise the bioavailability of several essential micronutrients in plant foods. However, literature reports show that fermentation and related processing methods can improve nutrient and mineral bioavailability of plant foods. In this review, studies related to fermentation methods that can be used to improve micronutrient bioavailability in plant foods are discussed.
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181
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Holanda BF, Freitas de Araujo D, da Silva JNR, Pereira MG, de Freitas Pires A, Assreuy AM. Polysaccaride-rich extract of Caesalpina ferrea stem barks attenuates mice acute inflammation induced by zymosan: Oxidative stress modulation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 267:113501. [PMID: 33122121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Stem barks of Caesalpinia ferrea Mart. Ex Tul. (Caesalpiniaceae), also known as pau-ferro jucá or jucaína, are popularly used to treat contusions, diabetes, rheumatism and other inflammatory conditions in the form of tea, lick or decoction. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of the polysaccharide-rich extract obtained from C. ferrea stem barks (PE-Cf) in mice models of acute inflammation induced by zymosan and the involvement of oxidative stress biomarkers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were treated with PE-Cf (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 mg/kg) by endovenous route (i.v.) or per oral (p.o.) 30 or 60 min before injection of the inflammatory stimuli zymosan (0.5 mg; intraperitoneal or subcutaneous intraplantar). The inflammatory parameters (edema, nociception, leukocyte migration) and oxidative stress markers (myeloperoxidase-MPO, malondialdehyde-MDA, nitrite, reduced glutathione-GSH, glutathione peroxidase-GPx) were evaluated in the models of paw edema (hidropletysmometry/expressed as ml or area under curve-AUC) and peritonitis (optical microscopy/expressed as n° of cells/mm3 of peritoneal fluid). Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni test. RESULTS PE-Cf (0.1, 0.01 and 1 mg/kg) dose-dependently inhibited paw edema, showing maximal effect (74%) at 1 mg/kg in the 5th (52 ± 9.6 μl vs. zymosan: 204 ± 3.6 μl). PE-Cf (1 mg/kg) also inhibited by 43% MPO activity in the paw tissues (17 ± 1 vs. zymosan: 30 ± 2.6 U/mg). Besides, 4 h after peritonitis induction, PE-Cf (1 mg/kg) reduced neutrophil migration by 84% (432 ± 45 vs. zymosan: 2651 ± 643 cells/mm3); visceral nociception by 76% (3 ± 0.6 vs. zymosan: 16 ± 4 writhes); nitric oxide by 73% (0.131 ± 0.033 vs. zymosan: 0.578 ± 0.185 NO2-/NO3-ml); MDA (98 ± 10 vs. zymosan:156 ± 21 U/ml), and increased GSH by 65% (736 ± 65 vs. zymosan: 259 ± 58 μmol/ml) and GPx by 72% (0.037 ± 0.007 vs. zymosan: 0.010 ± 0.005 U/mg protein). CONCLUSION The polysaccharide-rich extract of Caesalpinia ferrea stem barks present anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in mice models of acute inflammation induced by zymosan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Feitosa Holanda
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Diego Freitas de Araujo
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - José Nilo R da Silva
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Maria Gonçalves Pereira
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Faculdade de Educação, Ciências e Letras do Sertão Central, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Quixadá, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Alana de Freitas Pires
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Estácio do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Assreuy
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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182
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Salehi B, Quispe C, Sharifi-Rad J, Giri L, Suyal R, Jugran AK, Zucca P, Rescigno A, Peddio S, Bobiş O, Moise AR, Leyva-Gómez G, Del Prado-Audelo ML, Cortes H, Iriti M, Martorell M, Cruz-Martins N, Kumar M, Zam W. Antioxidant potential of family Cucurbitaceae with special emphasis on Cucurbita genus: A key to alleviate oxidative stress-mediated disorders. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3533-3557. [PMID: 33590924 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and accumulation and the ability of a biological system to clear these reactive products. This imbalance leads to cell and tissue damage causing several disorders in human body, such as neurodegeneration, metabolic problems, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Cucurbitaceae family consists of about 100 genera and 1,000 species of plants including mostly tropical, annual or perennial, monoecious, and dioecious herbs. The plants from Cucurbita species are rich sources of phytochemicals and act as a rich source of antioxidants. The most important phytochemicals present in the cucurbits are cucurbitacins, saponins, carotenoids, phytosterols, and polyphenols. These bioactive phyto-constituents are responsible for the pharmacological effects including antioxidant, antitumor, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, anti-obesity, diuretic, anti-ulcer activity, and antigenotoxic. A wide number of in vitro and in vivo studies have ascribed these health-promoting effects of Cucurbita genus. Results of clinical trials suggest that Cucurbita provides health benefits for diabetic patients, patients with benign prostate hyperplasia, infertile women, postmenopausal women, and stress urinary incontinence in women. The intend of the present review is to focus on the protective role of Cucurbita spp. phytochemicals on oxidative stress-related disorders on the basis of preclinical and human studies. The review will also give insights on the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant potential of the Cucurbitaceae family as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Lalit Giri
- G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment & Sustainable Development, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Renu Suyal
- G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment & Sustainable Development, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Arun K Jugran
- G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment & Sustainable Development, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Paolo Zucca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari - Cagliari, University Campus, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Antonio Rescigno
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari - Cagliari, University Campus, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Stefania Peddio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari - Cagliari, University Campus, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Otilia Bobiş
- Life Science Institute, Apiculture and Sericulture Department, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adela Ramona Moise
- Life Science Institute, Apiculture and Sericulture Department, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María L Del Prado-Audelo
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Hernán Cortes
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genética, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, Milan, Italy
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepción, Chile
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR - Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Wissam Zam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Al-Wadi International University, Homs, Syria
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183
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Chen Y, Feng J, Liu J, Zhou H, Luo H, Xue C, Gao W. Effects of neutron radiation on Nrf2-regulated antioxidant defense systems in rat lens. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:334. [PMID: 33732307 PMCID: PMC7903385 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that ionizing radiation (IR)-induced cataract may be associated with oxidative stress. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) serves as a master regulator of the antioxidant defense system against oxidative stress. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of different doses of neutron radiation on the Nrf2-reegulated antioxidant defense system in rat lens and assess the status of oxidative stress. A total of 24 SD rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: i) Control group; iis) 0.4 Sv group; iii) 1.2 Sv group; and iv) 3.6 Sv group. The rats were sacrificed 7 days after radiation and lenses were dissected for histological, biochemical (malondialdehyde, glutathione and superoxide dismutase) and western blot (Nrf2, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit and heme oxygenase 1) analyses. The morphological features of the lenses remained intact in the 0.4 Sv, 1.2 Sv and control groups, whilst the lenses in the 3.6 Sv group exhibited injuries. Results from the TUNEL assay demonstrated apparent apoptosis in lens epithelial cells following 3.6 Sv neutron radiation whereas sparse apoptosis was observed following 0.4 Sv and 1.2 Sv radiation. Malondialdehyde levels were reduced in the 0.4 Sv and 1.2 Sv groups but increased in the 3.6 Sv group, compared with those in the control group. Conversely, glutathione expression and the activity of superoxide dismutase were higher in the 0.4 Sv and 1.2 Sv groups, but lower in the 3.6 Sv group, compared with those in the control group. In addition, the total and nuclear protein levels of Nrf2 were increased following neutron radiation compared with those in the control group, though the Nrf2 protein levels decreased in the 3.6 Sv group compared with those in the 1.2 Sv group. The levels of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit and heme oxygenase 1, downstream antioxidant enzymes of Nrf2, demonstrated the same profile as that in Nrf2. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that neutron radiation affects Nrf2-regulated antioxidant systems in a two-stage process. Namely, the induction phase for low-dose radiation and regression phase for high-dose radiation. Therefore, it was hypothesized that activation and enhancement of the Nrf2-regulated antioxidant system may be useful in preventing or delaying IR-induced cataract, which may be extended even for other diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqin Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Jundong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Application and Radiation Protection in Astronautics (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, P.R. China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Application and Radiation Protection in Astronautics (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, P.R. China
| | - Huiyao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Application and Radiation Protection in Astronautics (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Xue
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Weiping Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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184
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Vona R, Pallotta L, Cappelletti M, Severi C, Matarrese P. The Impact of Oxidative Stress in Human Pathology: Focus on Gastrointestinal Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:201. [PMID: 33573222 PMCID: PMC7910878 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence shows that oxidative stress plays an essential role in the pathogenesis and progression of many diseases. The imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant systems has been extensively studied in pulmonary, neurodegenerative cardiovascular disorders; however, its contribution is still debated in gastrointestinal disorders. Evidence suggests that oxidative stress affects gastrointestinal motility in obesity, and post-infectious disorders by favoring the smooth muscle phenotypic switch toward a synthetic phenotype. The aim of this review is to gain insight into the role played by oxidative stress in gastrointestinal pathologies (GIT), and the involvement of ROS in the signaling underlying the muscular alterations of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). In addition, potential therapeutic strategies based on the use of antioxidants for the treatment of inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases are reviewed and discussed. Although substantial progress has been made in identifying new techniques capable of assessing the presence of oxidative stress in humans, the biochemical-molecular mechanisms underlying GIT mucosal disorders are not yet well defined. Therefore, further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms through which oxidative stress-related signaling can contribute to the alteration of the GIT mucosa in order to devise effective preventive and curative therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Vona
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Lucia Pallotta
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.P.); (M.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Martina Cappelletti
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.P.); (M.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Carola Severi
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.P.); (M.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Paola Matarrese
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
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185
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Kumari S, Deshmukh R. β-lactam antibiotics to tame down molecular pathways of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 895:173877. [PMID: 33453224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a multifactorial disorder characterized by extracellular accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) and intracellular accumulations of neurofibrillary tangles. Numerous drug targets have been explored for therapeutic efficacy but failed to deliver successful treatments clinically. However, over the years our understanding of the disease pathophysiology increased significantly. Many of the novel targets which can cure or modify disease pathology are being explored preclinically as well as clinically. On contrarily, the drug discovery and development process is lengthy and the cost involved makes it difficult for faster translation of therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, repurposing existing drugs for a new therapeutic indication is considered a better approach and helps in the fast translation of therapeutic information. The existing drugs have well-proven records on their safety, pharmacokinetics, etc. In recent years, beta (β)-lactam antibiotics have been repurposed for the management of neurodegenerative pathologies. Here in the current review, we have explored β-lactam antibiotics, their target sites, molecular mechanisms, and their therapeutic potential in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Rahul Deshmukh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, 151001, Punjab, India.
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186
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Yang Y, Liu MC, Li H, Yang YG, Su N, Wu YJ, Wang H. Proteomics analysis of the protective effect of canola (Brassica campestris L.) bee pollen flavonoids on the tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced EA.hy926 cell injury model. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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187
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Vaiserman A, Koliada A, Zayachkivska A, Lushchak O. Curcumin: A therapeutic potential in ageing-related disorders. PHARMANUTRITION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2020.100226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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188
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Götting I, Jendrossek V, Matschke J. A New Twist in Protein Kinase B/Akt Signaling: Role of Altered Cancer Cell Metabolism in Akt-Mediated Therapy Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228563. [PMID: 33202866 PMCID: PMC7697684 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and molecular-targeted agents is a major obstacle to successful cancer therapy. Herein, aberrant activation of the phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway is one of the most frequently deregulated pathways in cancer cells and has been associated with multiple aspects of therapy resistance. These include, for example, survival under stress conditions, apoptosis resistance, activation of the cellular response to DNA damage and repair of radiation-induced or chemotherapy-induced DNA damage, particularly DNA double strand breaks (DSB). One further important, yet not much investigated aspect of Akt-dependent signaling is the regulation of cell metabolism. In fact, many Akt target proteins are part of or involved in the regulation of metabolic pathways. Furthermore, recent studies revealed the importance of certain metabolites for protection against therapy-induced cell stress and the repair of therapy-induced DNA damage. Thus far, the likely interaction between deregulated activation of Akt, altered cancer metabolism and therapy resistance is not yet well understood. The present review describes the documented interactions between Akt, its target proteins and cancer cell metabolism, focusing on antioxidant defense and DSB repair. Furthermore, the review highlights potential connections between deregulated Akt, cancer cell metabolism and therapy resistance of cancer cells through altered DSB repair and discusses potential resulting therapeutic implications.
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189
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Hsu CN, Tain YL. Early Origins of Hypertension: Should Prevention Start Before Birth Using Natural Antioxidants? Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1034. [PMID: 33113999 PMCID: PMC7690716 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension may originate in early life. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated due to the exposure of adverse in utero conditions causes developmental programming of hypertension. These excessive ROS can be antagonized by molecules which are antioxidants. Prenatal use of natural antioxidants may reverse programming processes and prevent hypertension of developmental origin. In the current review, firstly we document data on the impact of oxidative stress in hypertension of developmental origin. This will be followed by effective natural antioxidants uses starting before birth to prevent hypertension of developmental origin in animal models. It will also discuss evidence for the common mechanisms underlying developmental hypertension and beneficial effects of natural antioxidant interventions used as reprogramming strategies. A better understanding of the reprogramming effects of natural antioxidants and their interactions with common mechanisms underlying developmental hypertension is essential. Therefore, pregnant mothers and their children can benefit from natural antioxidant supplementation during pregnancy in order to reduce their risk for hypertension later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
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190
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Li C, Zhang S, Li L, Hu Q, Ji S. Ursodeoxycholic Acid Protects Against Arsenic Induced Hepatotoxicity by the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:594496. [PMID: 33178028 PMCID: PMC7596389 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.594496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic is ubiquitous toxic metalloid responsible for many human diseases all over the world. Contrastingly, Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been suggested as efficient antioxidant in various liver diseases. However, there are no reports of the effects of UDCA on arsenious acid [As(III)]-induced hepatotoxicity. The objective of this study is to elucidate the protective actions of UDCA on As(III)-induced hepatotoxicity and explore its controlling role in biomolecular mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. The remarkable liver damage induced by As(III) was ameliorated by treatment with UDCA, as reflected by reduced histopathological changes of liver and elevation of serum AST, ALT levels. UDCA play a critical role in stabilization of cellular membrane potential, inhibition of apoptosis and LDH leakage in LO2 cells. Meanwhile, the activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px and the level of TSH, GSH were enhanced with UDCA administration, while the accumulations of intracellular ROS, MDA and rate of GSSG/GSH were decreased in vivo and in vitro. Further study disclosed that UDCA significantly inhibited As(III)-induced apoptosis through increasing the expression of Bcl-2 and decreasing the expression of Bax, p53, Cyt C, Cleaved caspase-3 and 9. Moreover, UDCA promoted the expression of nuclear Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1, although arsenic regulated nuclear translocation of Nrf2 positively. When Nrf2 was silenced, the protective effect of UDCA was abolished. Collectively, the results of this study showed that UDCA protects hepatocytes antagonize As(III)-induced cytotoxicity, and its mechanism may be related to activation of Nrf2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, China.,School of Pharmacy, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Liming Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Hu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, China
| | - Shen Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, China
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191
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Aguirre-Vidal Y, Morales-Montor J, Gómez de León CT, Ostoa-Saloma P, Díaz-Zaragoza M, Montes S, Arteaga-Silva M, Monroy-Noyola A. Protection induced by estradiol benzoate in the MPP + rat model of Parkinson's disease is associated with the regulation of the inflammatory cytokine profile in the nigro striatum. J Neuroimmunol 2020; 349:577426. [PMID: 33096292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we have demonstrated that β-estradiol-3-benzoate (EB) has a protective effect on the neurodegenerative experimental model of Parkinson's disease. The protective effect is through the induction of the expression of paraoxonase-2 (PON2) in the striatum. PON2 has proven to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, this protein has a beneficial effect in MPP+ model in rats decreasing the lipid peroxidation and the oxidative stress. Furthermore, the molecular effect and the pathway by which EB induces protection were not further pursued. This study shows the regulation by EB of the anti-inflammatory effect through the modulation of cytokines, antioxidant enzymes and PON2 in the rat striatum. Rats were gonadectomized and 30 days after were randomly assigned into four experimental groups; only vehicles (Control group); EB treatment (EB group); MPP+ injury (M group); EB plus MPP+ injured (EB/M group). EB treatment consisted of 100 μg of the drug administered every 48 h for 11 days. Results showed that EB (group EB/M) treatment decrease significantly (40%) the number of ipsilateral turns respect to the M group and prevents significantly the dopamine (DA) decreased induced by MPP+ (~75%). This results are correlate with a significant decrease in the level of lipid peroxidation (60%) of the EB/M group respect to the M group. The EB treatment showed protection against neurotoxicity induced with MPP+, this could be due to EB capacity to prevent the increase in the expression level of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 induced by MPP+. While, TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 expression was reduced in the rats treated only with MPP+, in the rats of EB/M group the expression of both cytokines was increased. EB protective effect against MPP+ neurotoxicity is related to antioxidant effect of PON2, pro-inflammatory cytokines and GSHR but not to SOD2, catalase, GPX1 or GPX4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshajandith Aguirre-Vidal
- Laboratorio de Neuroprotección, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jorge Morales-Montor
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
| | - Carmen T Gómez de León
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Pedro Ostoa-Saloma
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Mariana Díaz-Zaragoza
- Laboratorio de Sistemas Biológicos, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Valles, Universidad de Guadalajara, C.P. 46600 Ameca, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Sergio Montes
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, "Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez", Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Marcela Arteaga-Silva
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Antonio Monroy-Noyola
- Laboratorio de Neuroprotección, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
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192
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Ivanova A, Gerasimova E, Gazizullina E. Study of Antioxidant Properties of Agents from the Perspective of Their Action Mechanisms. Molecules 2020; 25:E4251. [PMID: 32947948 PMCID: PMC7570667 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The creation and analysis of a large variety of existing methods for the evaluation of integrated antioxidant properties are quite relevant in connection with a range of biological mechanisms of the antioxidants (AO) action. In this work, the existing methods are correlated with mechanisms of antioxidant action. It is shown that the results obtained by various methods are mainly incomparable. This can be connected with the implementation of various mechanisms of antioxidant action in methods. The analysis of the literature data presented in this review indicates the difficulty of creating a universal method and the feasibility of using integrated approaches based on the use of several methods that implement and combine various mechanisms of the chemical conversion of antioxidants. This review describes methods for studying the chelating ability of antioxidants, except for methods based on electron and hydrogen atom transfer reactions, which are currently not widely covered in modern literature. With the description of each mechanism, special attention is paid to electrochemical methods, as the interaction of active oxygen metabolites of radical and non-radical nature with antioxidants has an electron/proton/donor-acceptor nature, which corresponds to the nature of electrochemical methods and suggests that they can be used to study the interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla Ivanova
- Chemical Technological Institute, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (E.G.); (E.G.)
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193
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d'Arqom A, G Putri M, Savitri Y, Rahul Alfaidin AM. Vitamin and mineral supplementation for β-thalassemia during COVID-19 pandemic. Future Sci OA 2020; 6:FSO628. [PMID: 33230422 PMCID: PMC7434224 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2020-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Low levels of immune-related micronutrients have been identified in β-thalassemia samples. Moreover, the excess amount of iron, contributing to oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of the disease, alters the immune system in β-thalassemia, which is important during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIALS & METHODS Searches of PUBMED and EMBASE were conducted to identify the level and supplementation of micronutrients in β-thalassemia, published from 2001-May 2020. RESULTS The review found six observational and five interventional studies supporting the importance of supplementing vitamins and minerals among patients with β-thalassemia. CONCLUSION Supplementation of immune-related vitamins and minerals might bring benefits to the immune system, especially in reducing oxidative stress in β-thalassemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette d'Arqom
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60131, Indonesia
| | - Melvanda G Putri
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60131, Indonesia
| | - Yovani Savitri
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60131, Indonesia
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194
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Ayaz-Guner S, Alessio N, Acar MB, Aprile D, Özcan S, Di Bernardo G, Peluso G, Galderisi U. A comparative study on normal and obese mice indicates that the secretome of mesenchymal stromal cells is influenced by tissue environment and physiopathological conditions. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:118. [PMID: 32727501 PMCID: PMC7388533 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00614-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The term mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) designates an assorted cell population comprised of stem cells, progenitor cells, fibroblasts, and stromal cells. MSCs contribute to the homeostatic maintenance of many organs through paracrine and long-distance signaling. Tissue environment, in both physiological and pathological conditions, may affect the intercellular communication of MSCs. Methods We performed a secretome analysis of MSCs isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue (sWAT) and visceral adipose tissue (vWAT), and from bone marrow (BM), of normal and obese mice. Results The MSCs isolated from tissues of healthy mice share a common core of released factors: components of cytoskeletal and extracellular structures; regulators of basic cellular functions, such as protein synthesis and degradation; modulators of endoplasmic reticulum stress; and counteracting oxidative stress. It can be hypothesized that MSC secretome beneficially affects target cells by the horizontal transfer of many released factors. Each type of MSC may exert specific signaling functions, which could be determined by looking at the many factors that are exclusively released from every MSC type. The vWAT-MSCs release factors that play a role in detoxification activity in response to toxic substances and drugs. The sWAT-MSC secretome contains proteins involved in in chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis. Analysis of BM-MSC secretome revealed that these cells exert a signaling function by remodeling extracellular matrix structures, such as those containing glycosaminoglycans. Obesity status profoundly modified the secretome content of MSCs, impairing the above-described activity and promoting the release of inflammatory factors. Conclusion We demonstrated that the content of MSC secretomes depends on tissue microenvironment and that pathological condition may profoundly alter its composition. Video abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Serife Ayaz-Guner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Life and Natural Science, Abdullah Gül University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nicola Alessio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, Naples, Italy
| | - Mustafa B Acar
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences; Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Domenico Aprile
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, Naples, Italy
| | - Servet Özcan
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences; Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Giovanni Di Bernardo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, Naples, Italy. .,Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey. .,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, 1900 N. 12th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19107-6799, USA.
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195
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Sultana R, Alashi AM, Islam K, Saifullah M, Haque CE, Aluko RE. Chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant properties of water-soluble extracts obtained from Bangladesh vegetables. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13357. [PMID: 32627224 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional value and antioxidant properties of aqueous extracts of some Bangladesh vegetables using fruits of ash gourd, bitter gourd, brinjal, okra, ridge gourd, snake gourd, and leaves of Indian spinach, kangkong, and stem amaranth. Proximate composition showed that the dried extracts were composed mainly of crude protein (14.6%-46.7%) and non-fibre carbohydrates (26.4%-53.5%). With the exception of stem amaranth, all the extracts had >40% DPPH radical scavenging ability at 0.5 mg/ml. In contrast metal chelation was lower, except in Indian spinach with ~46%. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was highest for the kangkong (10.9 mM Fe3+ reduced), which is similar to the 9.9 mM for butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). All the extracts suppressed linoleic acid oxidation better than BHT within the first 5 days of the incubation period. We conclude that the Indian spinach, kangkong, and okra could be considered as the most promising sources of antioxidant compounds. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Vegetables are commonly consumed as part of a regular diet but the high water and fiber contents usually mean that large quantities are required to provide long-term health benefits. Therefore, in this work, aqueous extracts of nine Bangladesh vegetables were prepared to provide a more concentrated form of nutrients and bioactive compounds. The extracts had strong nutritional value based on the high contents of crude protein, potassium, iron, and non-fibre carbohydrates. The high content of polyphenolic compounds in the extracts can also provide health benefits, which was demonstrated through strong free radical scavenging, metal chelation, ferric iron reduction, and inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation. These vegetable extracts have the potential to be used as sources of bioactive compounds to prevent or treat non-communicable diseases that are associated with high oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razia Sultana
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Adeola M Alashi
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Khaleda Islam
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saifullah
- Natural Resources Management Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - C Emdad Haque
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Rotimi E Aluko
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,The Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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196
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Zhang Y, Li J, Dong X, Meng D, Zhi X, Yuan L, Yao L. PSAT1 Regulated Oxidation-Reduction Balance Affects the Growth and Prognosis of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:5443-5453. [PMID: 32606761 PMCID: PMC7295540 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s250066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction A growing number of studies have found that the serine-glycine biosynthesis pathway is highly activated for biosynthesis in cancer progression and metastasis. Phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1) catalyzes the second step of the serine-glycine biosynthesis pathway; the effects and mechanism of PSAT1 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains unclear. Materials and Methods The expression of PSAT1 in clinical EOC samples and normal ovarian tissues was conducted by RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemical staining. Survival analysis of PSAT1 in ovarian cancer was performed by using the public database. Following the downregulation of PSAT1, the cell growth, cell apoptosis, and cell cycle in ovarian cancer cells were respectively examined by the soft agar colony formation assay and flow cytometry analysis. Then the glutathione (GSH) levels, the GSH/GSSG ratio, the NADPH/NADP ratio, and the cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were tested to analyze the oxidation-reduction balance in PSAT1-depleted ovarian cancer cells. Results PSAT1 is markedly over-expressed in clinical EOC samples (n = 90) compared to that in normal ovarian tissues (n = 10), and the expression of PSAT1 is correlated with histological subtype, FIGO stage, histological grade, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and the presence of ascites. Public database analysis shows that higher PSAT1 indicates poor survival in EOC patients. Downregulation of PSAT1 in EOC cells inhibits growth, induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in vitro. EOC cells with high PSAT1 levels have increased a higher GSH (reduced glutathione)/GSSG (oxidized glutathione) ratio and lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) content. The cancer-killing effects of PSAT1 knockdown are reversed by exogenous glutathione. PSAT1 participates in cancer growth by regulating oxidation-reduction balance. Conclusion Therefore, these results highlight the potential of PSAT1 inhibitors or metabolic substrate deprivation as therapeutic strategies for treating patients with EOC, especially those with advanced stages of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhui Dong
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Meng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuling Zhi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yuan
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangqing Yao
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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197
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Abstract
This review concerns the current knowledge of melatonin and alcohol-related disorders. Chronobiological effects of ethanol are related to melatonin suppression and in relation to inflammation, stress, free radical scavenging, autophagy and cancer risk. It is postulated that both alcohol- and inflammation-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) alters cell membrane properties leading to tissue dysfunction and, subsequent further ROS production. Lysosomal enzymes are often used to assess the relationships between intensified inflammation states caused by alcohol abuse and oxidative stress as well as level of tissue damage estimated by the increased release of cellular enzymes into the extracellular space. Studies have established a link between alcoholism and desynchronosis (circadian disruption). Desynchronosis results from the disorganization of the body's circadian time structure and is an aspect of the pathology of chronic alcohol intoxication. The inflammatory conditions and the activity of lysosomal enzymes in acute alcohol poisoning or chronic alcohol-dependent diseases are in most cases interrelated. Inflammation can increase the activity of lysosomal enzymes, which can be regarded as a marker of lysosomal dysfunction and abnormal cellular integrity. Studies show alcohol toxicity is modulated by the melatonin (Mel) circadian rhythm. This hormone, produced by the pineal gland, is the main regulator of 24 h (sleep-wake cycle) and seasonal biorhythms. Mel exhibits antioxidant properties and may be useful in the prevention of oxidative stress reactions known to be responsible for alcohol-related diseases. Naturally produced Mel and exogenous sources in food can act in free radical reactions and activate the endogenous defense system. Mel plays an important role in the normalization of the post-stress state by its influence on neurotransmitter systems and the synchronization of circadian rhythms. Acting simultaneously on the neuroendocrine and immune systems, Mel optimizes homeostasis and provides protection against stress. Abbreviations: ROS, reactive oxygen species; Mel, melatonin; SRV, resveratrol; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; ANT, arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase; EC cells, gastrointestinal enterochromaffin cells; MT1, melatonin high-affinity nanomolecular receptor site; MT2, melatonin low-affinity nanomolecular receptor site; ROR/RZR, orphan nuclear retinoid receptors; SOD, superoxide dismutase; CAT, catalase; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; GR, glutathione reductase; GSH, reduced form of glutathione; GSSG, oxidized form of glutathione; TAC, total antioxidant capacity; ONOO∙-, peroxynitrite radical; NCAM, neural cell adhesion molecules; LPO, lipid peroxidation; α-KG, α-ketoglutarate, HIF-1α, Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α, IL-2, interleukin-2; HPA axis, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; Tph1, tryptophan hydroxylase 1; AA-NAT, arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase; AS-MT, acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase; NAG, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase; HBA1c glycated hemoglobin; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; AAP, alanyl-aminopeptidase; β-GR, β-glucuronidase; β-GD, β-galactosidase; LAP, leucine aminopeptidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kurhaluk
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk , Słupsk, Poland
| | - Halyna Tkachenko
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk , Słupsk, Poland
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198
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Boeri P, Piñuel L, Dalzotto D, Monasterio R, Fontana A, Sharry S, Barrio DA, Carrillo W. Argentine Patagonia barberry chemical composition and evaluation of its antioxidant capacity. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13254. [PMID: 32346894 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An important portion of vitamins, minerals and polyphenols components in human diet are captured from fruit consumption. Argentinean Patagonia Berberis microphylla was characterized with the phenolic content, the proximate composition and the identification and quantification of anthocyanins, not-anthocyanins and proteins. The antioxidant capacity of berberis ethanolic extracts (EB) was determined by the 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. EB was used to reduce production of reactive substances species (ROS) in zebrafish. EB presented a total polyphenols content of 1,035.03 mg GAE/100 g fresh weight (FW). EB presented an ABTS value of 116.25 ± 17 μmol TE/g FW. EB presented a DPPH value of 137.80 ± 1.90 μmol TE/g FW. EB was able of reducing the ROS in zebrafish. Berberies Protein Isolate (BPI) presented proteins with bands from 15 to 62 kDa. BPI presented an ABTS value of 593.11 ± 8.60 μmol TE/g. The BPI duodenal digest presented a value of 641.07 ± 12.60 μmol TE/g digests. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The practical applications of the present study are to increase scientific knowledge for consumers about the quality and benefits of the consumption of the native fruit (Berberis microphylla) from the Patagonia region of Argentine. This work describes the protein profile of berberies, their digestibility and their antioxidant activity. This study allows to better understand the phytonutrients that make up this fruit. Future studies may identify the peptides present in hydrolyzates. The bio-compounds of this fruit could be used as functional ingredients by the food industry for different purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Boeri
- Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro, Rio Negro Viedma, Argentina.,CIT-Rio Negro -CONICET, Viedma, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Lucrecia Piñuel
- Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro, Rio Negro Viedma, Argentina.,CIT-Rio Negro -CONICET, Viedma, Río Negro, Argentina
| | | | - Romina Monasterio
- Institute of Agricultural Biology of Mendoza (IBAM), UNCuyo-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Ariel Fontana
- Institute of Agricultural Biology of Mendoza (IBAM), UNCuyo-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Sandra Sharry
- Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro, Rio Negro Viedma, Argentina.,Wood Research Laboratory (LIMAD), Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Daniel Alejandro Barrio
- Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro, Rio Negro Viedma, Argentina.,CIT-Rio Negro -CONICET, Viedma, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Wilman Carrillo
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Technical University of Babahoyo, Babahoyo, Ecuador
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199
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Zhong Y, Shen L, Ye X, Zhou D, He Y, Li Y, Ding Y, Zhu W, Ding J, Zhang H. Neurotoxic Anatoxin-a Can Also Exert Immunotoxicity by the Induction of Apoptosis on Carassius auratus Lymphocytes in vitro When Exposed to Environmentally Relevant Concentrations. Front Physiol 2020; 11:316. [PMID: 32351401 PMCID: PMC7174720 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hazardous anatoxin-a (ANTX-a) is produced by freshwater algal blooms worldwide, which greatly increases the risk of consumer exposure. Although ANTX-a shows widespread neurotoxicity in aquatic animals, little is known about its mechanism of action and biotransformation in biological systems, especially in immunobiological models. In this study, transmission electron microscopy results showed that ANTX-a can destroy lymphocytes of Carassius auratus in vitro by inducing cytoplasmic concentration, vacuolation, and swollen mitochondria. DNA fragmentations clearly showed a ladder pattern in agarose gel electrophoresis, which demonstrated that the apoptosis of fish lymphocytes was caused by exposure to ANTX-a. Flow cytometry results showed that the apoptotic percentage of fish lymphocytes exposed to 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/L of ANTX-a for 12 h reached 18.89, 22.89, 39.23, and 35.58%, respectively. ANTX-a exposure induced a significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malonaldehyde (MDA) in lymphocytes. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the glutathione (GSH) content of the 0.01 mg/L ANTX-a-treated group decreased significantly by about 41, 46, 67, and 54% compared with that of the control group (p < 0.01), respectively. Although these observations were dose-dependent, these results suggested that ANTX-a can induce lymphocyte apoptosis via intracellular oxidative stress and destroy the antioxidant system after a short exposure time of only 12 h. Besides neurotoxicity, ANTX-a may also be toxic to the immune system of fish, even when the fish are exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations, which clearly demonstrated that the potential health risks induced by ANTX-a in aquatic organisms requires attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchi Zhong
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lilai Shen
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueping Ye
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Dongren Zhou
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Yunyi He
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Ding
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiqin Zhu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiafeng Ding
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hangjun Zhang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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200
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Investigation of Heterologously Expressed Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Genes in a Yeast zwf1 Deletion. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8040546. [PMID: 32283834 PMCID: PMC7232176 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8040546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a key enzyme of the oxidative part of the pentose phosphate pathway and serves as the major source of NADPH for metabolic reactions and oxidative stress response in pro- and eukaryotic cells. We here report on a strain of the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae which lacks the G6PD-encoding ZWF1 gene and displays distinct growth retardation on rich and synthetic media, as well as a strongly reduced chronological lifespan. This strain was used as a recipient to introduce plasmid-encoded heterologous G6PD genes, synthesized in the yeast codon usage and expressed under the control of the native PFK2 promotor. Complementation of the hypersensitivity of the zwf1 mutant towards hydrogen peroxide to different degrees was observed for the genes from humans (HsG6PD1), the milk yeast Kluyveromyces lactis (KlZWF1), the bacteria Escherichia coli (EcZWF1) and Leuconostoc mesenteroides (LmZWF1), as well as the genes encoding three different plant G6PD isoforms from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtG6PD1, AtG6PD5, AtG6PD6). The plastidic AtG6PD1 isoform retained its redox-sensitive activity when produced in the yeast as a cytosolic enzyme, demonstrating the suitability of this host for determination of its physiological properties. Mutations precluding the formation of a disulfide bridge in AtG6PD1 abolished its redox-sensitivity but improved its capacity to complement the yeast zwf1 deletion. Given the importance of G6PD in human diseases and plant growth, this heterologous expression system offers a broad range of applications.
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