151
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Di Luca A, Kaila VRI. Molecular strain in the active/deactive-transition modulates domain coupling in respiratory complex I. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2021; 1862:148382. [PMID: 33513365 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Complex I functions as a primary redox-driven proton pump in aerobic respiratory chains, establishing a proton motive force that powers ATP synthesis and active transport. Recent cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) experiments have resolved the mammalian complex I in the biomedically relevant active (A) and deactive (D) states (Zhu et al., 2016; Fiedorczuk et al., 2016; Agip et al., 2018 [1-3]) that could regulate enzyme turnover, but it still remains unclear how the conformational state and activity are linked. We show here how global motion along the A/D transition accumulates molecular strain at specific coupling regions important for both redox chemistry and proton pumping. Our data suggest that the A/D motion modulates force propagation pathways between the substrate-binding site and the proton pumping machinery that could alter electrostatic and conformational coupling across large distances. Our findings provide a molecular basis to understand how global protein dynamics can modulate the biological activity of large molecular complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Di Luca
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ville R I Kaila
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
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152
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Wang Y, Liu F, Liu M, Shi S, Bi Y, Chen N. Molecular cloning and transcriptional regulation of two γ-carbonic anhydrase genes in the green macroalga Ulva prolifera. Genetica 2021; 149:63-72. [PMID: 33449239 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-020-00112-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Ulva prolifera O.F. Müller (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta) is well known as a typical green-tide forming macroalga which has caused the world's largest macroalgal blooms in the Yellow Sea of China. In this study, two full-length γ-carbonic anhydrase (γ-CA) genes (UpγCA1 and UpγCA2) were cloned from U. prolifera. UpγCA1 has three conserved histidine residues, which act as an active site for binding a zinc metal ion. In UpγCA2, two of the three histidine residues were replaced by serine and arginine, respectively. The two γ-CA genes are clustered together with other γ-CAs in Chlorophyta with strong support value (100% bootstrap) in maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that stressful environmental conditions markedly inhibited transcription levels of these two γ-CA genes. Low pH value (pH 7.5) significantly increased transcription level of UpγCA2 not UpγCA1 at 12 h, whereas high pH value (pH 8.5) significantly inhibited the transcription of these two γ-CA genes at 6 h. These findings enhanced our understanding on transcriptional regulation of γ-CA genes in response to environmental factors in U. prolifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China. .,Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, People's Republic of China. .,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266400, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Manman Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shitao Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuping Bi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Nansheng Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266400, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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153
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Fan K, Peng Y, Ren Z, Li D, Zhen S, Hey S, Cui Y, Fu J, Gu R, Wang J, Wang G, Li L. Maize Defective Kernel605 Encodes a Canonical DYW-Type PPR Protein that Edits a Conserved Site of nad1 and Is Essential for Seed Nutritional Quality. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 61:1954-1966. [PMID: 32818255 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins involved in mitochondrial RNA cytidine (C)-to-uridine (U) editing mostly result in stagnant embryo and endosperm development upon loss of function. However, less is known about PPRs that are involved in farinaceous endosperm formation and maize quality. Here, we cloned a maize DYW-type PPR Defective Kernel605 (Dek605). Mutation of Dek605 delayed seed and seedling development. Mitochondrial transcript analysis of dek605 revealed that loss of DEK605 impaired C-to-U editing at the nad1-608 site and fails to alter Ser203 to Phe203 in NAD1 (dehydrogenase complex I), disrupting complex I assembly and reducing NADH dehydrogenase activity. Meanwhile, complexes III and IV in the cytochrome pathway, as well as AOX2 in the alternative respiratory pathway, are dramatically increased. Interestingly, the dek605 mutation resulted in opaque endosperm and increased levels of the free amino acids alanine, aspartic acid and phenylalanine. The down- and upregulated genes mainly involved in stress response-related and seed dormancy-related pathways, respectively, were observed after transcriptome analysis of dek605 at 12 d after pollination. Collectively, these results indicate that Dek605 specifically affects the single nad1-608 site and is required for normal seed development and resulted in nutritional quality relevant amino acid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijian Fan
- Seed Science and Technology Research Center, Beijing Innovation Center for Seed Technology (MOA), Beijing Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yixuan Peng
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural iences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhenjing Ren
- Seed Science and Technology Research Center, Beijing Innovation Center for Seed Technology (MOA), Beijing Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural iences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Delin Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural iences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Sihan Zhen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural iences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Stefan Hey
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Yu Cui
- Seed Science and Technology Research Center, Beijing Innovation Center for Seed Technology (MOA), Beijing Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junjie Fu
- Seed Science and Technology Research Center, Beijing Innovation Center for Seed Technology (MOA), Beijing Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Riliang Gu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural iences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural iences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guoying Wang
- Seed Science and Technology Research Center, Beijing Innovation Center for Seed Technology (MOA), Beijing Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural iences, Beijing 100081, China
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154
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Miller NT, Vaughn MD, Burnap RL. Electron flow through NDH-1 complexes is the major driver of cyclic electron flow-dependent proton pumping in cyanobacteria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1862:148354. [PMID: 33338488 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic electron flow (CEF) around photosystem I is vital to balancing the photosynthetic energy budget of cyanobacteria and other photosynthetic organisms. The coupling of CEF to proton pumping has long been hypothesized to occur, providing proton motive force (PMF) for the synthesis of ATP with no net cost to [NADPH]. This is thought to occur largely through the activity of NDH-1 complexes, of which cyanobacteria have four with different activities. While a much work has been done to understand the steady-state PMF in both the light and dark, and fluorescent probes have been developed to observe these fluxes in vivo, little has been done to understand the kinetics of these fluxes, particularly with regard to NDH-1 complexes. To monitor the kinetics of proton pumping in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, the pH sensitive dye Acridine Orange was used alongside a suite of inhibitors in order to observe light-dependent proton pumping. The assay was demonstrated to measure photosynthetically driven proton pumping and used to measure the rates of proton pumping unimpeded by dark ΔpH. Here, the cyanobacterial NDH-1 complexes are shown to pump a sizable portion of proton flux when CEF-driven and LEF-driven proton pumping rates are observed and compared in mutants lacking some or all NDH-1 complexes. It is also demonstrated that PSII and LEF are responsible for the bulk of light induced proton pumping, though CEF and NDH-1 are capable of generating ~40% of the proton pumping rate when LEF is inactivated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil T Miller
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Michael D Vaughn
- SpectroLogix LLC, 9050 Executive Park Drive, Knoxville, TN 37923, USA
| | - Robert L Burnap
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
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155
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Röpke M, Saura P, Riepl D, Pöverlein MC, Kaila VRI. Functional Water Wires Catalyze Long-Range Proton Pumping in the Mammalian Respiratory Complex I. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:21758-21766. [PMID: 33325238 PMCID: PMC7785131 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The respiratory complex I is a gigantic
(1 MDa) redox-driven proton
pump that reduces the ubiquinone pool and generates proton motive
force to power ATP synthesis in mitochondria. Despite resolved molecular
structures and biochemical characterization of the enzyme from multiple
organisms, its long-range (∼300 Å) proton-coupled electron
transfer (PCET) mechanism remains unsolved. We employ here microsecond
molecular dynamics simulations to probe the dynamics of the mammalian
complex I in combination with hybrid quantum/classical (QM/MM) free
energy calculations to explore how proton pumping reactions are triggered
within its 200 Å wide membrane domain. Our simulations predict
extensive hydration dynamics of the antiporter-like subunits in complex
I that enable lateral proton transfer reactions on a microsecond time
scale. We further show how the coupling between conserved ion pairs
and charged residues modulate the proton transfer dynamics, and how
transmembrane helices and gating residues control the hydration process.
Our findings suggest that the mammalian complex I pumps protons by
tightly linked conformational and electrostatic coupling principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Röpke
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at the Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Patricia Saura
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Riepl
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maximilian C Pöverlein
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ville R I Kaila
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at the Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D85748 Garching, Germany
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156
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Fang J, Ohba H, Hashimoto F, Tsukada H, Chen F, Liu H. Imaging mitochondrial complex I activation during a vibrotactile stimulation: A PET study using [ 18F]BCPP-EF in the conscious monkey brain. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020; 40:2521-2532. [PMID: 31948325 PMCID: PMC7820687 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x19900034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In order to evaluate the capability of 2-tert-butyl-4-chloro-5-{6-[2-(2-[18F]fluoroethoxy)-ethoxy]-pyridin-3-ylmethoxy}-2H-pyridazin-3-one ([18F]BCPP-EF), a novel positron emission tomography (PET) probe for mitochondrial complex I (MC-I) activity, to assess neuronal activation, an activation PET study was conducted in the conscious monkey brain with a continuous unilateral vibrotactile stimulation. PET scans with [15O]H2O, [18F]BCPP-EF, or 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoroglucose ([18F]FDG) were conducted under: (1) resting conditions; (2) a continuous vibration stimulation; (3) a continuous vibration stimulation after 15-min pre-vibration; and (4) a continuous vibration stimulation after 30-min pre-vibration. The contralateral/ipsilateral ratio (CIR) in the somatosensory cortex showed significant increases in the uptake of [15O]H2O, [18F]BCPP-EF, and [18F]FDG with the vibration stimulation. The longer pre-vibration duration induced significantly lower CIR in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measured using [15O]H2O, whereas it did not affect the CIR in [18F]BCPP-EF or the regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (rCMRglc) measured using [18F]FDG 30-60 min after the injection. These results suggest that the [18F]BCPP-EF response in the later phase of scans was not influenced by the increase in rCBF, indicating the capability of [18F]BCPP-EF to detect acute changes in MC-I activity induced by neuronal activation. However, the metabolic shift from glycolysis to oxidation was not observed under the stimulation used here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwan Fang
- Bio-X Laboratory, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hiroyuki Ohba
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Fumio Hashimoto
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hideo Tsukada
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Feiyan Chen
- Bio-X Laboratory, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huafeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Department of Optical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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157
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Yu H, Haja DK, Schut GJ, Wu CH, Meng X, Zhao G, Li H, Adams MWW. Structure of the respiratory MBS complex reveals iron-sulfur cluster catalyzed sulfane sulfur reduction in ancient life. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5953. [PMID: 33230146 PMCID: PMC7684303 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19697-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern day aerobic respiration in mitochondria involving complex I converts redox energy into chemical energy and likely evolved from a simple anaerobic system now represented by hydrogen gas-evolving hydrogenase (MBH) where protons are the terminal electron acceptor. Here we present the cryo-EM structure of an early ancestor in the evolution of complex I, the elemental sulfur (S0)-reducing reductase MBS. Three highly conserved protein loops linking cytoplasmic and membrane domains enable scalable energy conversion in all three complexes. MBS contains two proton pumps compared to one in MBH and likely conserves twice the energy. The structure also reveals evolutionary adaptations of MBH that enabled S0 reduction by MBS catalyzed by a site-differentiated iron-sulfur cluster without participation of protons or amino acid residues. This is the simplest mechanism proposed for reduction of inorganic or organic disulfides. It is of fundamental significance in the iron and sulfur-rich volcanic environments of early earth and possibly the origin of life. MBS provides a new perspective on the evolution of modern-day respiratory complexes and of catalysis by biological iron-sulfur clusters. The sulfur-reducing enzyme MBS and the hydrogen-gas evolving MBH are the evolutionary link between the ancestor Mrp antiporter and the mitochondrial respiratory complex I. Here, the authors characterise MBS from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus, solve its cryo-EM structure and discuss the structural evolution from Mrp to MBH and MBS and to the modern-day complex I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Yu
- Structural Biology Program, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dominik K Haja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Gerrit J Schut
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Chang-Hao Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Xing Meng
- Structural Biology Program, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Gongpu Zhao
- Structural Biology Program, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Huilin Li
- Structural Biology Program, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
| | - Michael W W Adams
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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158
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Functional, Metabolic and Morphologic Results of Ex Vivo Donor Lung Perfusion with a Perfluorocarbon-Based Oxygen Carrier Nanoemulsion in a Large Animal Transplantation Model. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112501. [PMID: 33218154 PMCID: PMC7698917 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) is a technology that allows the re-evaluation of questionable donor lung before implantation and it has the potential to repair injured donor lungs that are otherwise unsuitable for transplantation. We hypothesized that perfluorocarbon-based oxygen carrier, a novel reconditioning strategy instilled during EVLP would improve graft function. Methods: We utilized perfluorocarbon-based oxygen carrier (PFCOC) during EVLP to recondition and improve lung graft function in a pig model of EVLP and lung transplantation. Lungs were retrieved and stored for 24 h at 4 °C. EVLP was done for 6 h with or without PFCOC. In the transplantation groups, left lung transplantation was done after EVLP with or without PFCOC. Allograft function was assessed by means of pulmonary gas exchange, lung mechanics and vascular pressures, histology and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results: In the EVLP only groups, physiological and biochemical markers during the 6-h perfusion period were comparable. However, perfusate lactate potassium levels were lower and ATP levels were higher in the PFCOC group. Radiologic assessment revealed significantly more lung infiltrates in the controls than in the PFCOC group (p = 0.04). In transplantation groups, perfusate glucose consumption was higher in the control group. Lactate levels were significantly lower in the PFCOC group (p = 0.02). Perfusate flavin mononucleotide (FMN) was significantly higher in the controls (p = 0.008). Post-transplant gas exchange was significantly better during the 4-h reperfusion period in the PFCOC group (p = 0.01). Plasma IL-8 and IL-12 levels were significantly lower in the PFCOC group (p = 0.01, p = 0.03, respectively). ATP lung tissue levels at the end of the transplantation were higher and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels in lung tissue were lower in the PFCOC group compared to the control group. In the PFCOC group, TEM showed better tissue preservation and cellular viability. Conclusion: PFCOC application is safe during EVLP in lungs preserved 24 h at 4 °C. Although this strategy did not significantly affect the EVLP physiology, metabolic markers of the donor quality such as lactate production, glucose consumption, neutrophil infiltration and preservation of mitochondrial function were better in the PFCOC group. Following transplantation, PFCOC resulted in better graft function and TEM showed better tissue preservation, cellular viability and improved gas transport.
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159
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Curtolo F, Arantes GM. Mechanisms for Flavin-Mediated Oxidation: Hydride or Hydrogen-Atom Transfer? J Chem Inf Model 2020; 60:6282-6287. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c00945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Curtolo
- Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Quı́mica, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme M. Arantes
- Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Quı́mica, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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160
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The Molecular Mechanisms of Iron Metabolism and Its Role in Cardiac Dysfunction and Cardioprotection. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217889. [PMID: 33114290 PMCID: PMC7660609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential mineral participating in different functions of the organism under physiological conditions. Numerous biological processes, such as oxygen and lipid metabolism, protein production, cellular respiration, and DNA synthesis, require the presence of iron, and mitochondria play an important role in the processes of iron metabolism. In addition to its physiological role, iron may be also involved in the adaptive processes of myocardial "conditioning". On the other hand, disorders of iron metabolism are involved in the pathological mechanisms of the most common human diseases and include a wide range of them, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and accelerate the development of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, iron also exerts potentially deleterious effects that may be manifested under conditions of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, myocardial infarction, heart failure, coronary artery angioplasty, or heart transplantation, due to its involvement in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Moreover, iron has been recently described to participate in the mechanisms of iron-dependent cell death defined as "ferroptosis". Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that is distinct from apoptosis, necroptosis, and other types of cell death. Ferroptosis has been shown to be associated with I/R injury and several other cardiac diseases as a significant form of cell death in cardiomyocytes. In this review, we will discuss the role of iron in cardiovascular diseases, especially in myocardial I/R injury, and protective mechanisms stimulated by different forms of "conditioning" with a special emphasis on the novel targets for cardioprotection.
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161
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Abstract
Respiratory complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) captures the free energy from oxidising NADH and reducing ubiquinone to drive protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane and power oxidative phosphorylation. Recent cryo-EM analyses have produced near-complete models of the mammalian complex, but leave the molecular principles of its long-range energy coupling mechanism open to debate. Here, we describe the 3.0-Å resolution cryo-EM structure of complex I from mouse heart mitochondria with a substrate-like inhibitor, piericidin A, bound in the ubiquinone-binding active site. We combine our structural analyses with both functional and computational studies to demonstrate competitive inhibitor binding poses and provide evidence that two inhibitor molecules bind end-to-end in the long substrate binding channel. Our findings reveal information about the mechanisms of inhibition and substrate reduction that are central for understanding the principles of energy transduction in mammalian complex I. The respiratory complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) is a large redox-driven proton pump that initiates respiration in mitochondria. Here, the authors present the 3.0 Å cryo-EM structure of complex I from mouse heart mitochondria with the ubiquinone-analogue inhibitor piericidin A bound in the active site and with kinetic measurements and MD simulations they further show that this inhibitor acts competitively against the native ubiquinone-10 substrate.
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162
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Grba DN, Hirst J. Mitochondrial complex I structure reveals ordered water molecules for catalysis and proton translocation. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2020; 27:892-900. [PMID: 32747785 PMCID: PMC7612091 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-020-0473-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I powers ATP synthesis by oxidative phosphorylation, exploiting the energy from ubiquinone reduction by NADH to drive protons across the energy-transducing inner membrane. Recent cryo-EM analyses of mammalian and yeast complex I have revolutionized structural and mechanistic knowledge and defined structures in different functional states. Here, we describe a 2.7-Å-resolution structure of the 42-subunit complex I from the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica containing 275 structured water molecules. We identify a proton-relay pathway for ubiquinone reduction and water molecules that connect mechanistically crucial elements and constitute proton-translocation pathways through the membrane. By comparison with known structures, we deconvolute structural changes governing the mammalian 'deactive transition' (relevant to ischemia-reperfusion injury) and their effects on the ubiquinone-binding site and a connected cavity in ND1. Our structure thus provides important insights into catalysis by this enigmatic respiratory machine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N Grba
- The Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Judy Hirst
- The Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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163
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Mouithys-Mickalad A, Ceusters J, Charif M, El Moualij B, Schoumacher M, Plyte S, Franck T, Bettendorff L, Pirotte B, Serteyn D, de Tullio P. Modulation of mitochondrial respiration rate and calcium-induced swelling by new cromakalim analogues. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 331:109272. [PMID: 33010220 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A cellular model of cardiomyocytes (H9c2 cell line) and mitochondria isolated from mouse liver were used to understand the drug action of BPDZ490 and BPDZ711, two benzopyran analogues of the reference potassium channel opener cromakalim, on mitochondrial respiratory parameters and swelling, by comparing their effects with those of the parent compound cromakalim. For these three compounds, the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was determined by high-resolution respirometry (HRR) and their impact on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and calcium-induced mitochondrial swelling was investigated. Cromakalim did not modify neither the OCR of H9c2 cells and the ATP production nor the Ca-induced swelling. By contrast, the cromakalim analogue BPDZ490 (1) induced a strong increase of OCR, while the other benzopyran analogue BPDZ711 (2) caused a marked slowdown. For both compounds, 1 displayed a biphasic behavior while 2 still showed an inhibitory effect. Both compounds 1 and 2 were also found to decrease the ATP synthesis, with pronounced effect for 2, while cromakalim remained without effect. Overall, these results indicate that cromakalim, as parent molecule, does not induce per se any direct effect on mitochondrial respiratory function neither on whole cells nor on isolated mitochondria whereas both benzopyran analogues 1 and 2 display totally opposite behavior profiles, suggesting that compound 1, by increasing the maximal respiration capacity, might behave as a mild uncoupling agent and compound 2 is taken as an inhibitor of the mitochondrial electron-transfer chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ange Mouithys-Mickalad
- Center for Oxygen, Research & Development (CORD) & Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Institute of Chemistry, B6a, ULiège, Allée du six Août, 11, B-4000, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Justine Ceusters
- Center for Oxygen, Research & Development (CORD) & Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Institute of Chemistry, B6a, ULiège, Allée du six Août, 11, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Mounia Charif
- Centre de Recherche sur les Protéines Prions (CRPP), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, 15, Avenue Hippocrate, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Benaïssa El Moualij
- Centre de Recherche sur les Protéines Prions (CRPP), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, 15, Avenue Hippocrate, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Schoumacher
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, 15, Avenue de l'Hospital, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Simon Plyte
- Merus, Closing in on Cancer, Immuno-Oncology, Yalelaan 62, 3584 CM, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Thierry Franck
- Center for Oxygen, Research & Development (CORD) & Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Institute of Chemistry, B6a, ULiège, Allée du six Août, 11, B-4000, Liège, Belgium; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Quartier Vallée 2, 5A-5D, Avenue de Cureghem, ULiège, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Lucien Bettendorff
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, GIGA-neurosciences, ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, 15, Avenue Hippocrate, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bernard Pirotte
- Center for Oxygen, Research & Development (CORD) & Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Institute of Chemistry, B6a, ULiège, Allée du six Août, 11, B-4000, Liège, Belgium; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, 15, Avenue de l'Hospital, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Didier Serteyn
- Center for Oxygen, Research & Development (CORD) & Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Institute of Chemistry, B6a, ULiège, Allée du six Août, 11, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pascal de Tullio
- Center for Oxygen, Research & Development (CORD) & Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Institute of Chemistry, B6a, ULiège, Allée du six Août, 11, B-4000, Liège, Belgium; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, 15, Avenue de l'Hospital, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
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164
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Cobley JN. Mechanisms of Mitochondrial ROS Production in Assisted Reproduction: The Known, the Unknown, and the Intriguing. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E933. [PMID: 33003362 PMCID: PMC7599503 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The consensus that assisted reproduction technologies (ART), like in vitro fertilization, to induce oxidative stress (i.e., the known) belies how oocyte/zygote mitochondria-a major presumptive oxidative stressor-produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) with ART being unknown. Unravelling how oocyte/zygote mitochondria produce ROS is important for disambiguating the molecular basis of ART-induced oxidative stress and, therefore, to rationally target it (e.g., using site-specific mitochondria-targeted antioxidants). I review the known mechanisms of ROS production in somatic mitochondria to critique how oocyte/zygote mitochondria may produce ROS (i.e., the unknown). Several plausible site- and mode-defined mitochondrial ROS production mechanisms in ART are proposed. For example, complex I catalyzed reverse electron transfer-mediated ROS production is conceivable when oocytes are initially extracted due to at least a 10% increase in molecular dioxygen exposure (i.e., the intriguing). To address the term oxidative stress being used without recourse to the underlying chemistry, I use the species-specific spectrum of biologically feasible reactions to define plausible oxidative stress mechanisms in ART. Intriguingly, mitochondrial ROS-derived redox signals could regulate embryonic development (i.e., their production could be beneficial). Their potential beneficial role raises the clinical challenge of attenuating oxidative damage while simultaneously preserving redox signaling. This discourse sets the stage to unravel how mitochondria produce ROS in ART, and their biological roles from oxidative damage to redox signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N Cobley
- Redox Biology Group, Institute for Health Sciences, University of the Highlands and Islands, Old Perth Road, Inverness IV2 3JH, UK
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165
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Kampjut D, Sazanov LA. The coupling mechanism of mammalian respiratory complex I. Science 2020; 370:science.abc4209. [PMID: 32972993 DOI: 10.1126/science.abc4209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I couples NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreduction to proton pumping by an unknown mechanism. Here, we present cryo-electron microscopy structures of ovine complex I in five different conditions, including turnover, at resolutions up to 2.3 to 2.5 angstroms. Resolved water molecules allowed us to experimentally define the proton translocation pathways. Quinone binds at three positions along the quinone cavity, as does the inhibitor rotenone that also binds within subunit ND4. Dramatic conformational changes around the quinone cavity couple the redox reaction to proton translocation during open-to-closed state transitions of the enzyme. In the induced deactive state, the open conformation is arrested by the ND6 subunit. We propose a detailed molecular coupling mechanism of complex I, which is an unexpected combination of conformational changes and electrostatic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domen Kampjut
- IST Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
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166
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Yu W, Wang S, Cao D, Rui H, Liu C, Sheng Y, Sun Y, Zhang J, Xu J, Jiang D. Insight into an Oxidative DNA-Cleaving DNAzyme: Multiple Cofactors, the Catalytic Core Map and a Highly Efficient Variant. iScience 2020; 23:101555. [PMID: 33083724 PMCID: PMC7522124 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An oxidative DNA-cleaving DNAzyme (PL) employs a double-cofactor model “X/Cu2+” for catalysis. Herein, we verified that reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), flavin mononucleotide, cysteine, dithiothreitol, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, phloroglucinol, o-phenylenediamine, 3,3′,5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine, and hydroxylamine acted as cofactor X. According to their structural similarities or fluorescence property, we further confirmed that reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), 2-mercaptoethanol, dopamine, chlorogenic acid, resveratrol, and 5-carboxyfluorescein also functioned as cofactor X. Superoxide anions might be the commonality behind these cofactors. We subsequently determined the conservative change of individual nucleotides in the catalytic core under four different cofactor X. The nucleotides A4 and C5 are highly conserved, whereas the conservative levels of other nucleotides are dependent on the types of cofactor X. Moreover, we observed that the minor change in the PL's secondary structure affects electrophoretic mobility. Finally, we characterized a highly efficient variant T3G and converted its double-cofactor NADH/Cu2+ to sole-cofactor NADH. An oxidative cleavage DNAzyme works with various cofactor X Catalytic nucleotide conservation fluctuates with different cofactor X The PL DNAzyme's minor secondary structure change affects electrophoretic mobility Double-cofactor model of the variant T3G can be converted to sole-cofactor model
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Yu
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699# Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Shijin Wang
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699# Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Dongling Cao
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699# Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hongyue Rui
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699# Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699# Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yongjie Sheng
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699# Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yanhong Sun
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699# Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699# Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jiacui Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 5333# Xi'an Road, Changchun 130062, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Dazhi Jiang
- Key Lab for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699# Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
- Corresponding author
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167
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Wang L, Thompson E, Bates L, Pither TL, Hosgood SA, Nicholson ML, Watson CJ, Wilson C, Fisher AJ, Ali S, Dark JH. Flavin Mononucleotide as a Biomarker of Organ Quality-A Pilot Study. Transplant Direct 2020; 6:e600. [PMID: 32904032 PMCID: PMC7447496 DOI: 10.1097/txd.0000000000001046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavin mononucleotide (FMN), released from damaged mitochondrial complex I during hypothermic liver perfusion, has been shown to be predictive of 90-day graft loss. Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) and normothermic regional perfusion (NRP) are used for organ reconditioning and quality assessment before transplantation. This pilot study aimed to investigate the changes of FMN levels during normothermic reperfusion of kidneys, livers, and lungs and examine whether FMN could serve as a biomarker to predict posttransplant allograft quality. METHODS FMN concentrations, in perfusates collected during NMP of kidneys, abdominal NRP, and ex vivo lung perfusion, were measured using fluorescence spectrometry and correlated to the available perfusion parameters and clinical outcomes. RESULTS Among 7 transplanted kidneys out of the 11 kidneys that underwent NMP, FMN levels at 60 minutes of NMP were significantly higher in the allografts that developed delayed graft function and primary nonfunction (P = 0.02). Fifteen livers from 23 circulatory death donors that underwent NRP were deemed suitable for transplantation. Their FMN levels at 30 minutes of NRP were significantly lower than those not procured for transplantation (P = 0.004). In contrast, little FMN was released during the 8 lung perfusions. CONCLUSIONS This proof of concept study suggested that FMN in the perfusates of kidney NMP has the potential to predict posttransplant renal function, whereas FMN at 30 minutes of NRP predicts whether a liver would be accepted for transplantation. More work is required to validate the role of FMN as a putative biomarker to facilitate safe and reliable decision-making before embarking on transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Thompson
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Bates
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas L. Pither
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah A. Hosgood
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Colin Wilson
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. Fisher
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Simi Ali
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - John H. Dark
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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168
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Maldonado M, Padavannil A, Zhou L, Guo F, Letts JA. Atomic structure of a mitochondrial complex I intermediate from vascular plants. eLife 2020; 9:56664. [PMID: 32840211 PMCID: PMC7447434 DOI: 10.7554/elife.56664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiration, an essential metabolic process, provides cells with chemical energy. In eukaryotes, respiration occurs via the mitochondrial electron transport chain (mETC) composed of several large membrane-protein complexes. Complex I (CI) is the main entry point for electrons into the mETC. For plants, limited availability of mitochondrial material has curbed detailed biochemical and structural studies of their mETC. Here, we present the cryoEM structure of the known CI assembly intermediate CI* from Vigna radiata at 3.9 Å resolution. CI* contains CI's NADH-binding and CoQ-binding modules, the proximal-pumping module and the plant-specific γ-carbonic-anhydrase domain (γCA). Our structure reveals significant differences in core and accessory subunits of the plant complex compared to yeast, mammals and bacteria, as well as the details of the γCA domain subunit composition and membrane anchoring. The structure sheds light on differences in CI assembly across lineages and suggests potential physiological roles for CI* beyond assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Maldonado
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Abhilash Padavannil
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Long Zhou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Fei Guo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, United States.,BIOEM Facility, University of California Davis, Davis, United States
| | - James A Letts
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, United States
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169
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Gutiérrez-Fernández J, Kaszuba K, Minhas GS, Baradaran R, Tambalo M, Gallagher DT, Sazanov LA. Key role of quinone in the mechanism of respiratory complex I. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4135. [PMID: 32811817 PMCID: PMC7434922 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17957-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex I is the first and the largest enzyme of respiratory chains in bacteria and mitochondria. The mechanism which couples spatially separated transfer of electrons to proton translocation in complex I is not known. Here we report five crystal structures of T. thermophilus enzyme in complex with NADH or quinone-like compounds. We also determined cryo-EM structures of major and minor native states of the complex, differing in the position of the peripheral arm. Crystal structures show that binding of quinone-like compounds (but not of NADH) leads to a related global conformational change, accompanied by local re-arrangements propagating from the quinone site to the nearest proton channel. Normal mode and molecular dynamics analyses indicate that these are likely to represent the first steps in the proton translocation mechanism. Our results suggest that quinone binding and chemistry play a key role in the coupling mechanism of complex I. Complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) is the first enzyme of the respiratory chain in bacteria and mitochondria. Here, the authors present cryo-EM and crystal structures of T. thermophilus complex I in different conformational states and further analyse them by Normal Mode Analysis and molecular dynamics simulations and conclude that quinone redox reactions are important for the coupling mechanism of complex I.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karol Kaszuba
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, A-3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Gurdeep S Minhas
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Keith Peters Building, Hills rd, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK.,Sosei Heptares, Steinmetz Building, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6DG, UK
| | - Rozbeh Baradaran
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Keith Peters Building, Hills rd, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK.,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 17165, Solna, Sweden
| | - Margherita Tambalo
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, A-3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - David T Gallagher
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Keith Peters Building, Hills rd, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Leonid A Sazanov
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, A-3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria.
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170
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Dragun Z, Krasnići N, Ivanković D, Filipović Marijić V, Mijošek T, Redžović Z, Erk M. Comparison of intracellular trace element distributions in the liver and gills of the invasive freshwater fish species, Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio Bloch, 1782). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 730:138923. [PMID: 32388370 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio) is an invasive freshwater fish known for its high tolerance to aquatic pollution. Our aim was to try to clarify its tolerance to increased exposure to metals/nonmetals, by determining their cytosolic distributions among peptides/proteins of different molecular masses (MM), which form a part of the fish protective mechanisms. The applied approach consisted of fractionation of gill and hepatic cytosols of Prussian carp from the Croatian river Ilova by size-exclusion high performance liquid chromatography, whereas Cd, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mo, and Se analyses were done by high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The results indicated high detoxification of Cd by its binding to metallothioneins (MTs) in both fish organs. In addition, binding to MTs was observed for Cu in both organs and for Zn in the liver, whereas clear Zn binding to MTs in the gills was not recorded. Zinc in the gills was predominantly bound to proteins of higher MM (50-250 kDa) and to biomolecules of MM below 2 kDa. Predominant Fe binding to proteins of MM of ~400 kDa (presumably storage protein ferritin) was observed in the liver, whereas in the gills Fe was mainly associated to proteins of MM of ~15-65 kDa (presumably hemoglobin oligomers). Maximum Mo and Se elutions in the liver were noted at 235 kDa and 141 kDa, respectively, and in the gills below 10 kDa. The striking difference was observed between two organs of Prussian carp, with predominant metal/nonmetal binding to high MM proteins (e.g., enzymes, storage proteins) in the liver, and to very low MM biomolecules (<10 kDa) in the gills (e.g., antioxidants, metallochaperones, nonprotein cofactors). Such metal/nonmetal distributions within the gills, as the first site of defense, as well as association of several metals to MTs, indicated highly developed defense mechanisms in some organs of Prussian carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zrinka Dragun
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Laboratory for Biological Effects of Metals, Bijenička c. 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Nesrete Krasnići
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Laboratory for Biological Effects of Metals, Bijenička c. 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dušica Ivanković
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Laboratory for Biological Effects of Metals, Bijenička c. 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vlatka Filipović Marijić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Laboratory for Biological Effects of Metals, Bijenička c. 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tatjana Mijošek
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Laboratory for Biological Effects of Metals, Bijenička c. 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zuzana Redžović
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Laboratory for Biological Effects of Metals, Bijenička c. 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijana Erk
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Laboratory for Biological Effects of Metals, Bijenička c. 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia
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171
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Aghelan Z, Kiani S, Nasiri A, Sadeghi M, Farrokhi A, Khodarahmi R. Factors Influencing Mitochondrial Function as a Key Mediator of Glucose-Induced Insulin Release: Highlighting Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MEDICINE 2020; 9:107-122. [PMID: 32934948 PMCID: PMC7489113 DOI: 10.22088/ijmcm.bums.9.2.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells recognize blood glucose changes and release insulin that is a peptide hormone responsible for stable glycemia. Diabetes, a chronic disorder of insulin insufficiency, leads to disturbed glucose homeostasis and multi-organ problems. Glucose and insulin are key markers in the follow-up and control of this disease. Mitochondrial metabolism of pancreatic beta cells is a crucial part of glucose-stimulated cascade of insulin secretion. Effective factors on β-cells mitochondrial function in production of compounds such as tricarboxylic acid intermediates, glutamate, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, and reactive oxygen species can have great effects on the secretion of insulin under diabetes. This review enhances our knowledge of factors influencing mitochondrial function as a key mediator of glucose-induced insulin release that accordingly will be helpful to further our understanding of the mechanisms implicated in the progressive beta cell failure that results in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Aghelan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sara Kiani
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Nasiri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masoud Sadeghi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Alireza Farrokhi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Khodarahmi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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172
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Luo Y, Ma J, Lu W. The Significance of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165598. [PMID: 32764295 PMCID: PMC7460667 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As an essential organelle in nucleated eukaryotic cells, mitochondria play a central role in energy metabolism, maintenance of redox balance, and regulation of apoptosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction, either due to the TCA cycle enzyme defects, mitochondrial DNA genetic mutations, defective mitochondrial electron transport chain, oxidative stress, or aberrant oncogene and tumor suppressor signaling, has been observed in a wide spectrum of human cancers. In this review, we summarize mitochondrial dysfunction induced by these alterations that promote human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongde Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Jianjia Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
| | - Weiqin Lu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (W.L.)
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173
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Grivennikova VG, Gladyshev GV, Vinogradov AD. Deactivation of mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (respiratory complex I): Extrinsically affecting factors. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1861:148207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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174
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Mühlbauer ME, Saura P, Nuber F, Di Luca A, Friedrich T, Kaila VRI. Water-Gated Proton Transfer Dynamics in Respiratory Complex I. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:13718-13728. [PMID: 32643371 PMCID: PMC7659035 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The respiratory complex I transduces
redox energy into an electrochemical
proton gradient in aerobic respiratory chains, powering energy-requiring
processes in the cell. However, despite recently resolved molecular
structures, the mechanism of this gigantic enzyme remains poorly understood.
By combining large-scale quantum and classical simulations with site-directed
mutagenesis and biophysical experiments, we show here how the conformational
state of buried ion-pairs and water molecules control the protonation
dynamics in the membrane domain of complex I and establish evolutionary
conserved long-range coupling elements. We suggest that an electrostatic
wave propagates in forward and reverse directions across the 200 Å
long membrane domain during enzyme turnover, without significant dissipation
of energy. Our findings demonstrate molecular principles that enable
efficient long-range proton–electron coupling (PCET) and how
perturbation of this PCET machinery may lead to development of mitochondrial
disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max E Mühlbauer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at the Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Patricia Saura
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at the Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Franziska Nuber
- Institut für Biochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Di Luca
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at the Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Thorsten Friedrich
- Institut für Biochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ville R I Kaila
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at the Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D85748 Garching, Germany
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175
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Gella A, Prada-Dacasa P, Carrascal M, Urpi A, González-Torres M, Abian J, Sanz E, Quintana A. Mitochondrial Proteome of Affected Glutamatergic Neurons in a Mouse Model of Leigh Syndrome. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:660. [PMID: 32850799 PMCID: PMC7399339 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Defects in mitochondrial function lead to severe neuromuscular orphan pathologies known as mitochondrial disease. Among them, Leigh Syndrome is the most common pediatric presentation, characterized by symmetrical brain lesions, hypotonia, motor and respiratory deficits, and premature death. Mitochondrial diseases are characterized by a marked anatomical and cellular specificity. However, the molecular determinants for this susceptibility are currently unknown, hindering the efforts to find an effective treatment. Due to the complex crosstalk between mitochondria and their supporting cell, strategies to assess the underlying alterations in affected cell types in the context of mitochondrial dysfunction are critical. Here, we developed a novel virus-based tool, the AAV-mitoTag viral vector, to isolate mitochondria from genetically defined cell types. Expression of the AAV-mitoTag in the glutamatergic vestibular neurons of a mouse model of Leigh Syndrome lacking the complex I subunit Ndufs4 allowed us to assess the proteome and acetylome of a subset of susceptible neurons in a well characterized model recapitulating the human disease. Our results show a marked reduction of complex I N-module subunit abundance and an increase in the levels of the assembly factor NDUFA2. Transiently associated non-mitochondrial proteins such as PKCδ, and the complement subcomponent C1Q were also increased in Ndufs4-deficient mitochondria. Furthermore, lack of Ndufs4 induced ATP synthase complex and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) subunit hyperacetylation, leading to decreased PDH activity. We provide novel insight on the pathways involved in mitochondrial disease, which could underlie potential therapeutic approaches for these pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Gella
- Mitochondrial Neuropathology Lab, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Patricia Prada-Dacasa
- Mitochondrial Neuropathology Lab, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Montserrat Carrascal
- Proteomics Laboratory CSIC/UAB, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council (IIBB-CSIC/IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Urpi
- Mitochondrial Neuropathology Lab, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Melania González-Torres
- Mitochondrial Neuropathology Lab, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Joaquin Abian
- Proteomics Laboratory CSIC/UAB, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council (IIBB-CSIC/IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisenda Sanz
- Mitochondrial Neuropathology Lab, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Albert Quintana
- Mitochondrial Neuropathology Lab, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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176
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Kim HN, Ponte F, Nookaew I, Ucer Ozgurel S, Marques-Carvalho A, Iyer S, Warren A, Aykin-Burns N, Krager K, Sardao VA, Han L, de Cabo R, Zhao H, Jilka RL, Manolagas SC, Almeida M. Estrogens decrease osteoclast number by attenuating mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production in early osteoclast precursors. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11933. [PMID: 32686739 PMCID: PMC7371870 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of estrogens at menopause is a major cause of osteoporosis and increased fracture risk. Estrogens protect against bone loss by decreasing osteoclast number through direct actions on cells of the myeloid lineage. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism of this effect. We report that 17β-estradiol (E2) decreased osteoclast number by promoting the apoptosis of early osteoclast progenitors, but not mature osteoclasts. This effect was abrogated in cells lacking Bak/Bax-two pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family of proteins required for mitochondrial apoptotic death. FasL has been previously implicated in the pro-apoptotic actions of E2. However, we show herein that FasL-deficient mice lose bone mass following ovariectomy indistinguishably from FasL-intact controls, indicating that FasL is not a major contributor to the anti-osteoclastogenic actions of estrogens. Instead, using microarray analysis we have elucidated that ERα-mediated estrogen signaling in osteoclast progenitors decreases "oxidative phosphorylation" and the expression of mitochondria complex I genes. Additionally, E2 decreased the activity of complex I and oxygen consumption rate. Similar to E2, the complex I inhibitor Rotenone decreased osteoclastogenesis by promoting osteoclast progenitor apoptosis via Bak/Bax. These findings demonstrate that estrogens decrease osteoclast number by attenuating respiration, and thereby, promoting mitochondrial apoptotic death of early osteoclast progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Neui Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. #587, Little Rock, 72205-7199, USA
| | - Filipa Ponte
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. #587, Little Rock, 72205-7199, USA
| | - Intawat Nookaew
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
| | - Serra Ucer Ozgurel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. #587, Little Rock, 72205-7199, USA
| | - Adriana Marques-Carvalho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Srividhya Iyer
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
| | - Aaron Warren
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. #587, Little Rock, 72205-7199, USA
| | - Nukhet Aykin-Burns
- Division of Radiation Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
| | - Kimberly Krager
- Division of Radiation Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
| | - Vilma A Sardao
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Li Han
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. #587, Little Rock, 72205-7199, USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, NIA, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Haibo Zhao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. #587, Little Rock, 72205-7199, USA
| | - Robert L Jilka
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. #587, Little Rock, 72205-7199, USA
| | - Stavros C Manolagas
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. #587, Little Rock, 72205-7199, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA.,Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Maria Almeida
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. #587, Little Rock, 72205-7199, USA. .,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA. .,Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
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177
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Zhu W, Walker LM, Tao L, Iavarone AT, Wei X, Britt RD, Elliott SJ, Klinman JP. Structural Properties and Catalytic Implications of the SPASM Domain Iron-Sulfur Clusters in Methylorubrum extorquens PqqE. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:12620-12634. [PMID: 32643933 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between the metallocofactor and its protein environment is the key to uncovering the mechanism of metalloenzymes. PqqE, a radical S-adenosylmethionine enzyme in pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) biosynthesis, contains three iron-sulfur cluster binding sites. Two auxiliary iron-sulfur cluster binding sites, designated as AuxI and AuxII, use distinctive ligands compared to other proteins in the family while their functions remain unclear. Here, we investigate the electronic properties of these iron-sulfur clusters and compare the catalytic efficiency of wild-type (WT) Methylorubrum extorquens AM1 PqqE to a range of mutated constructs. Using native mass spectrometry, protein film electrochemistry, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, we confirm the previously proposed incorporation of a mixture of [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe-4S] clusters at the AuxI site and are able to assign redox potentials to each of the three iron-sulfur clusters. Significantly, a conservative mutation at AuxI, C268H, shown to selectively incorporate a [4Fe-4S] cluster, catalyzes an enhancement of uncoupled S-adenosylmethionine cleavage relative to WT, together with the elimination of detectable peptide cross-linked product. While a [4Fe-4S] cluster can be tolerated at the AuxI site, the aggregate findings suggest a functional [2Fe-2S] configuration within the AuxI site. PqqE variants with nondestructive ligand replacements at AuxII also show that the reduction potential at this site can be manipulated by changing the electronegativity of the unique aspartate ligand. A number of novel mechanistic features are proposed based on the kinetic and spectroscopic data. Additionally, bioinformatic analyses suggest that the unique ligand environment of PqqE may be relevant to its role in PQQ biosynthesis within an oxygen-dependent biosynthetic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhu
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Lindsey M Walker
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Lizhi Tao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Anthony T Iavarone
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Xuetong Wei
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - R David Britt
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Sean J Elliott
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Judith P Klinman
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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178
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Gao X, Yang Y, Wang J, Zhang L, Sun C, Wang Y, Zhang J, Dong H, Zhang H, Gao C, Zhang B, Feng B, Mao W. Inhibition of mitochondria NADH-Ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) sensitizes the radioresistant glioma U87MG cells to radiation. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110460. [PMID: 32768950 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation is a current standard treatment of glioma. The fractionated radiotherapy with low dose of radiation over weeks has been employed in glioma patients, while radiotherapy can only offer palliation due to the radioresistance. We cumulatively radiated a glioblastoma cell line, U87MG, and screened radioresistant glioma cells. A transcriptome sequencing was performed to analyze the transcription differences between the raidoresistant and control cells, which showed the mitochondria NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Complex I) subunits were up-regulated in the radioresistant cells. The copy numbers of mitochondria were increased in the radioresistant glioma cells. After using mitochondria Complex I inhibitors, rotenone and metformin, to treat glioma cells, we found the resistant glioma cells re-sensitized to radiation. These results demonstrate that Complex I is associated with the fractioned radiation-induced radioresistance of glioma and would be a potent target for clinical radiotherapy of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Gao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yanqin Yang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Department of Radiotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jia Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Caifeng Sun
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jingkai Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Haoyu Dong
- Eight-year Clinical Medicine Education Program, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Han Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Chuanzhou Gao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Bin Feng
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Weifeng Mao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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179
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Russell DA, Bridges HR, Serreli R, Kidd SL, Mateu N, Osberger TJ, Sore HF, Hirst J, Spring DR. Hydroxylated Rotenoids Selectively Inhibit the Proliferation of Prostate Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:1829-1845. [PMID: 32459967 PMCID: PMC7611836 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in men. The identification of new therapeutics to selectively target prostate cancer cells is therefore vital. Recently, the rotenoids rotenone (1) and deguelin (2) were reported to selectively kill prostate cancer cells, and the inhibition of mitochondrial complex I was established as essential to their mechanism of action. However, these hydrophobic rotenoids readily cross the blood-brain barrier and induce symptoms characteristic of Parkinson's disease in animals. Since hydroxylated derivatives of 1 and 2 are more hydrophilic and less likely to readily cross the blood-brain barrier, 29 natural and unnatural hydroxylated derivatives of 1 and 2 were synthesized for evaluation. The inhibitory potency (IC50) of each derivative against complex I was measured, and its hydrophobicity (Slog10P) predicted. Amorphigenin (3), dalpanol (4), dihydroamorphigenin (5), and amorphigenol (6) were selected and evaluated in cell-based assays using C4-2 and C4-2B prostate cancer cells alongside control PNT2 prostate cells. These rotenoids inhibit complex I in cells, decrease oxygen consumption, and selectively inhibit the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, leaving control cells unaffected. The greatest selectivity and antiproliferative effects were observed with 3 and 5. The data highlight these molecules as promising therapeutic candidates for further evaluation in prostate cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Russell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Hannah R. Bridges
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, U.K
| | - Riccardo Serreli
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, U.K
| | - Sarah L. Kidd
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Natalia Mateu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Thomas J. Osberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Hannah F. Sore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Judy Hirst
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, U.K
| | - David R. Spring
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
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180
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Biner O, Fedor JG, Yin Z, Hirst J. Bottom-Up Construction of a Minimal System for Cellular Respiration and Energy Regeneration. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:1450-1459. [PMID: 32383867 PMCID: PMC7611821 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cellular energy currency, is essential for life. The ability to provide a constant supply of ATP is therefore crucial for the construction of artificial cells in synthetic biology. Here, we describe the bottom-up assembly and characterization of a minimal respiratory system that uses NADH as a fuel to produce ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate, and is thus capable of sustaining both upstream metabolic processes that rely on NAD+, and downstream energy-demanding processes that are powered by ATP hydrolysis. A detergent-mediated approach was used to co-reconstitute respiratory mitochondrial complex I and an F-type ATP synthase into nanosized liposomes. Addition of the alternative oxidase to the resulting proteoliposomes produced a minimal artificial "organelle" that reproduces the energy-converting catalytic reactions of the mitochondrial respiratory chain: NADH oxidation, ubiquinone cycling, oxygen reduction, proton pumping, and ATP synthesis. As a proof-of-principle, we demonstrate that our nanovesicles are capable of using an NAD+-linked substrate to drive cell-free protein expression. Our nanovesicles are both efficient and durable and may be applied to sustain artificial cells in future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Biner
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, The Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Justin G Fedor
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, The Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Zhan Yin
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, The Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Judy Hirst
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, The Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
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181
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Khaniya U, Gupta C, Cai X, Mao J, Kaur D, Zhang Y, Singharoy A, Gunner MR. Hydrogen bond network analysis reveals the pathway for the proton transfer in the E-channel of T. thermophilus Complex I. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1861:148240. [PMID: 32531220 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Complex I, NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, is the first enzyme in the mitochondrial and bacterial aerobic respiratory chain. It pumps four protons through four transiently open pathways from the high pH, negative, N-side of the membrane to the positive, P-side driven by the exergonic transfer of electrons from NADH to a quinone. Three protons transfer through subunits descended from antiporters, while the fourth, E-channel is unique. The path through the E-channel is determined by a network analysis of hydrogen bonded pathways obtained by Monte Carlo sampling of protonation states, polar hydrogen orientation and water occupancy. Input coordinates are derived from molecular dynamics trajectories comparing oxidized, reduced (dihydro) and no menaquinone-8 (MQ). A complex proton transfer path from the N- to the P-side is found consisting of six clusters of highly connected hydrogen-bonded residues. The network connectivity depends on the presence of quinone and its redox state, supporting a role for this cofactor in coupling electron and proton transfers. The N-side is more organized with MQ-bound complex I facilitating proton entry, while the P-side is more connected in the apo-protein, facilitating proton exit. Subunit Nqo8 forms the core of the E channel; Nqo4 provides the N-side entry, Nqo7 and then Nqo10 join the pathway in the middle, while Nqo11 contributes to the P-side exit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Khaniya
- Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York 10031, USA; Department of Physics, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Chitrak Gupta
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Xiuhong Cai
- Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York 10031, USA; Department of Physics, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Junjun Mao
- Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York 10031, USA
| | - Divya Kaur
- Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York 10031, USA; Department of Chemistry, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York 10031, USA; Department of Physics, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Abhishek Singharoy
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - M R Gunner
- Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York 10031, USA; Department of Physics, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York 10016, USA; Department of Chemistry, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York 10016, USA.
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182
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Mitochondrial OXPHOS Biogenesis: Co-Regulation of Protein Synthesis, Import, and Assembly Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113820. [PMID: 32481479 PMCID: PMC7312649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The assembly of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes is an intricate process, which—given their dual-genetic control—requires tight co-regulation of two evolutionarily distinct gene expression machineries. Moreover, fine-tuning protein synthesis to the nascent assembly of OXPHOS complexes requires regulatory mechanisms such as translational plasticity and translational activators that can coordinate mitochondrial translation with the import of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins. The intricacy of OXPHOS complex biogenesis is further evidenced by the requirement of many tightly orchestrated steps and ancillary factors. Early-stage ancillary chaperones have essential roles in coordinating OXPHOS assembly, whilst late-stage assembly factors—also known as the LYRM (leucine–tyrosine–arginine motif) proteins—together with the mitochondrial acyl carrier protein (ACP)—regulate the incorporation and activation of late-incorporating OXPHOS subunits and/or co-factors. In this review, we describe recent discoveries providing insights into the mechanisms required for optimal OXPHOS biogenesis, including the coordination of mitochondrial gene expression with the availability of nuclear-encoded factors entering via mitochondrial protein import systems.
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183
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Wright JJ, Fedor JG, Hirst J, Roessler MM. Using a chimeric respiratory chain and EPR spectroscopy to determine the origin of semiquinone species previously assigned to mitochondrial complex I. BMC Biol 2020; 18:54. [PMID: 32429970 PMCID: PMC7238650 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-020-00768-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For decades, semiquinone intermediates have been suggested to play an essential role in catalysis by one of the most enigmatic proton-pumping enzymes, respiratory complex I, and different mechanisms have been proposed on their basis. However, the difficulty in investigating complex I semiquinones, due to the many different enzymes embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane, has resulted in an ambiguous picture and no consensus. RESULTS In this paper, we re-examine the highly debated origin of semiquinone species in mitochondrial membranes using a novel approach. Our combination of a semi-artificial chimeric respiratory chain with pulse EPR spectroscopy (HYSCORE) has enabled us to conclude, unambiguously and for the first time, that the majority of the semiquinones observed in mitochondrial membranes originate from complex III. We also identify a minor contribution from complex II. CONCLUSIONS We are unable to attribute any semiquinone signals unambiguously to complex I and, reconciling our observations with much of the previous literature, conclude that they are likely to have been misattributed to it. We note that, for this earlier work, the tools we have relied on here to deconvolute overlapping EPR signals were not available. Proposals for the mechanism of complex I based on the EPR signals of semiquinone species observed in mitochondrial membranes should thus be treated with caution until future work has succeeded in isolating any complex I semiquinone EPR spectroscopic signatures present.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Wright
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Justin G Fedor
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Judy Hirst
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Maxie M Roessler
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
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184
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Gupta C, Khaniya U, Chan CK, Dehez F, Shekhar M, Gunner MR, Sazanov L, Chipot C, Singharoy A. Charge Transfer and Chemo-Mechanical Coupling in Respiratory Complex I. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:9220-9230. [PMID: 32347721 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial respiratory chain, formed by five protein complexes, utilizes energy from catabolic processes to synthesize ATP. Complex I, the first and the largest protein complex of the chain, harvests electrons from NADH to reduce quinone, while pumping protons across the mitochondrial membrane. Detailed knowledge of the working principle of such coupled charge-transfer processes remains, however, fragmentary due to bottlenecks in understanding redox-driven conformational transitions and their interplay with the hydrated proton pathways. Complex I from Thermus thermophilus encases 16 subunits with nine iron-sulfur clusters, reduced by electrons from NADH. Here, employing the latest crystal structure of T. thermophilus complex I, we have used microsecond-scale molecular dynamics simulations to study the chemo-mechanical coupling between redox changes of the iron-sulfur clusters and conformational transitions across complex I. First, we identify the redox switches within complex I, which allosterically couple the dynamics of the quinone binding pocket to the site of NADH reduction. Second, our free-energy calculations reveal that the affinity of the quinone, specifically menaquinone, for the binding-site is higher than that of its reduced, menaquinol form-a design essential for menaquinol release. Remarkably, the barriers to diffusive menaquinone dynamics are lesser than that of the more ubiquitous ubiquinone, and the naphthoquinone headgroup of the former furnishes stronger binding interactions with the pocket, favoring menaquinone for charge transport in T. thermophilus. Our computations are consistent with experimentally validated mutations and hierarchize the key residues into three functional classes, identifying new mutation targets. Third, long-range hydrogen-bond networks connecting the quinone-binding site to the transmembrane subunits are found to be responsible for proton pumping. Put together, the simulations reveal the molecular design principles linking redox reactions to quinone turnover to proton translocation in complex I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitrak Gupta
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States.,Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Umesh Khaniya
- Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States.,Department of Physics, City University of New York, New York, New York 10017, United States
| | - Chun Kit Chan
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | | | - Mrinal Shekhar
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - M R Gunner
- Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States.,Department of Physics, City University of New York, New York, New York 10017, United States
| | - Leonid Sazanov
- Institute of Science and Technology, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Christophe Chipot
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,University of Lorraine, Nancy 54000, France
| | - Abhishek Singharoy
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States.,Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
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185
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VHL-1 inactivation and mitochondrial antioxidants rescue C. elegans dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Protein Cell 2020; 10:610-614. [PMID: 30945137 PMCID: PMC6626599 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-019-0621-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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186
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Tsai YL, Coady TH, Lu L, Zheng D, Alland I, Tian B, Shneider NA, Manley JL. ALS/FTD-associated protein FUS induces mitochondrial dysfunction by preferentially sequestering respiratory chain complex mRNAs. Genes Dev 2020; 34:785-805. [PMID: 32381627 PMCID: PMC7263147 DOI: 10.1101/gad.335836.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the DNA/RNA-binding protein FUS causes certain subtypes of ALS/FTD by largely unknown mechanisms. Recent evidence has shown that FUS toxic gain of function due either to mutations or to increased expression can disrupt critical cellular processes, including mitochondrial functions. Here, we demonstrate that in human cells overexpressing wild-type FUS or expressing mutant derivatives, the protein associates with multiple mRNAs, and these are enriched in mRNAs encoding mitochondrial respiratory chain components. Notably, this sequestration leads to reduced levels of the encoded proteins, which is sufficient to bring about disorganized mitochondrial networks, reduced aerobic respiration and increased reactive oxygen species. We further show that mutant FUS associates with mitochondria and with mRNAs encoded by the mitochondrial genome. Importantly, similar results were also observed in fibroblasts derived from ALS patients with FUS mutations. Finally, we demonstrate that FUS loss of function does not underlie the observed mitochondrial dysfunction, and also provides a mechanism for the preferential sequestration of the respiratory chain complex mRNAs by FUS that does not involve sequence-specific binding. Together, our data reveal that respiratory chain complex mRNA sequestration underlies the mitochondrial defects characteristic of ALS/FTD and contributes to the FUS toxic gain of function linked to this disease spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Lin Tsai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Tristan H Coady
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Lei Lu
- Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Dinghai Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA
| | - Isabel Alland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Bin Tian
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA
| | - Neil A Shneider
- Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - James L Manley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
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187
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Wu M, Gu J, Zong S, Guo R, Liu T, Yang M. Research journey of respirasome. Protein Cell 2020; 11:318-338. [PMID: 31919741 PMCID: PMC7196574 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-019-00681-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Respirasome, as a vital part of the oxidative phosphorylation system, undertakes the task of transferring electrons from the electron donors to oxygen and produces a proton concentration gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane through the coupled translocation of protons. Copious research has been carried out on this lynchpin of respiration. From the discovery of individual respiratory complexes to the report of the high-resolution structure of mammalian respiratory supercomplex I1III2IV1, scientists have gradually uncovered the mysterious veil of the electron transport chain (ETC). With the discovery of the mammalian respiratory mega complex I2III2IV2, a new perspective emerges in the research field of the ETC. Behind these advances glitters the light of the revolution in both theory and technology. Here, we give a short review about how scientists 'see' the structure and the mechanism of respirasome from the macroscopic scale to the atomic scale during the past decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jinke Gu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shuai Zong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Runyu Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tianya Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Maojun Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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188
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Impairment of mitochondrial function by particulate matter: Implications for the brain. Neurochem Int 2020; 135:104694. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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189
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Alhajala HS, Markley JL, Kim JH, Al-Gizawiy MM, Schmainda KM, Kuo JS, Chitambar CR. The cytotoxicity of gallium maltolate in glioblastoma cells is enhanced by metformin through combined action on mitochondrial complex 1. Oncotarget 2020; 11:1531-1544. [PMID: 32391122 PMCID: PMC7197450 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
New drugs are needed for glioblastoma, an aggressive brain tumor with a dismal prognosis. We recently reported that gallium maltolate (GaM) retards the growth of glioblastoma in a rat orthotopic brain tumor model by inhibiting mitochondrial function and iron-dependent ribonucleotide reductase (RR). However, GaM's mechanism of action at the mitochondrial level is not known. Given the interaction between gallium and iron metabolism, we hypothesized that gallium might target iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster-containing mitochondrial proteins. Using Extracellular Flux Analyzer technology, we confirmed that after a 24-h incubation, GaM 50 μmol/L inhibited glioblastoma cell growth by <10% but inhibited cellular oxygen consumption rate by 44% and abrogated mitochondrial reserve capacity. GaM blocked mitochondrial complex I activity and produced a 2.9-fold increase in cellular ROS. NMR spectroscopy revealed that gallium binds to IscU, the bacterial scaffold protein for Fe-S cluster assembly and stabilizes its folded state. Gallium inhibited the rate of in vitro cluster assembly catalyzed by bacterial cysteine desulfurase in a reaction mixture containing IscU, Fe (II), DTT, and L-cysteine. Metformin, a complex I inhibitor, enhanced GaM's inhibition of complex I, further increased cellular ROS levels, and synergistically enhanced GaM's cytotoxicity in glioblastoma cells in 2-D and 3-D cultures. Metformin did not affect GaM action on cellular iron uptake or transferrin receptor1 expression nor did it enhance the cytotoxicity of the RR inhibitor Didox. Our results show that GaM inhibits complex I by disrupting iron-sulfur cluster assembly and that its cytotoxicity can be synergistically enhanced by metformin through combined action on complex I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham S. Alhajala
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - John L. Markley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jin Hae Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mona M. Al-Gizawiy
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - John S. Kuo
- Department of Neurosurgery and Mulva Clinic for the Neurosciences, Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Christopher R. Chitambar
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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190
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Chong SJF, Marchi S, Petroni G, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L, Pervaiz S. Noncanonical Cell Fate Regulation by Bcl-2 Proteins. Trends Cell Biol 2020; 30:537-555. [PMID: 32307222 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bcl-2 proteins are widely known as key controllers of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, arguably the most important step of intrinsic apoptosis. Accumulating evidence indicate that most, if not all, members of the Bcl-2 protein family also mediate a number of apoptosis-unrelated functions. Intriguingly, many of these functions ultimately impinge on cell fate decisions via apoptosis-dependent or -independent mechanisms, delineating a complex network through which Bcl-2 family members regulate cell survival and death. Here, we critically discuss the mechanisms through which Bcl-2 proteins influence cell fate as they regulate autophagy, cellular senescence, inflammation, bioenergetic metabolism, Ca2+ fluxes, and redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saverio Marchi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulia Petroni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France; Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-, HP, Paris, France; Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Université de Paris, Paris, France; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Shazib Pervaiz
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Department of Physiology, YLL School of Medicine and NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore.
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191
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Murai M. Exploring the binding pocket of quinone/inhibitors in mitochondrial respiratory complex I by chemical biology approaches. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:1322-1331. [PMID: 32264779 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1747974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
NADH-quinone oxidoreductase (respiratory complex I) is a key player in mitochondrial energy metabolism. The enzyme couples electron transfer from NADH to quinone with the translocation of protons across the membrane, providing a major proton-motive force that drives ATP synthesis. Recently, X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy provided further insights into the structure and functions of the enzyme. However, little is known about the mechanism of quinone reduction, which is a crucial step in the energy coupling process. A variety of complex I inhibitors targeting the quinone-binding site have been indispensable tools for mechanistic studies on the enzyme. Using biorationally designed inhibitor probes, the author has accumulated a large amount of experimental data characterizing the actions of complex I inhibitors. On the basis of comprehensive interpretations of the data, the author reviews the structural features of the binding pocket of quinone/inhibitors in bovine mitochondrial complex I. ABBREVIATIONS ATP: adenosine triphosphate; BODIPY: boron dipyrromethene; complex I: proton-translocating NADH-quinone oxidoreductase; DIBO: dibenzocyclooctyne; EM: electron microscopy; FeS: iron-sulfur; FMN: flavin adenine mononucleotide; LDT: ligand-directed tosylate; NADH: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SMP: submitochondrial particle; TAMRA: 6-carboxy-N,N,N',N'-tetramethylrhodamine; THF: tetrahydrofuran; TMH: transmembrane helix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Murai
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University , Kyoto, Japan
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192
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A salvage pathway maintains highly functional respiratory complex I. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1643. [PMID: 32242014 PMCID: PMC7118099 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15467-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulation of the turnover of complex I (CI), the largest mitochondrial respiratory chain complex, remains enigmatic despite huge advancement in understanding its structure and the assembly. Here, we report that the NADH-oxidizing N-module of CI is turned over at a higher rate and largely independently of the rest of the complex by mitochondrial matrix protease ClpXP, which selectively removes and degrades damaged subunits. The observed mechanism seems to be a safeguard against the accumulation of dysfunctional CI arising from the inactivation of the N-module subunits due to attrition caused by its constant activity under physiological conditions. This CI salvage pathway maintains highly functional CI through a favorable mechanism that demands much lower energetic cost than de novo synthesis and reassembly of the entire CI. Our results also identify ClpXP activity as an unforeseen target for therapeutic interventions in the large group of mitochondrial diseases characterized by the CI instability. Maintenance and quality control of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes responsible for bulk energy production are unclear. Here, the authors show that the mitochondrial protease ClpXP is required for the rapid turnover of the core N-module of respiratory complex I, which happens independently of other modules in the complex.
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193
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Formosa LE, Muellner-Wong L, Reljic B, Sharpe AJ, Jackson TD, Beilharz TH, Stojanovski D, Lazarou M, Stroud DA, Ryan MT. Dissecting the Roles of Mitochondrial Complex I Intermediate Assembly Complex Factors in the Biogenesis of Complex I. Cell Rep 2020; 31:107541. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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194
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Djurabekova A, Haapanen O, Sharma V. Proton motive function of the terminal antiporter-like subunit in respiratory complex I. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1861:148185. [PMID: 32171794 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the aerobic respiratory chains of many organisms, complex I functions as the first electron input. By reducing ubiquinone (Q) to ubiquinol, it catalyzes the translocation of protons across the membrane as far as ~200 Å from the site of redox reactions. Despite significant amount of structural and biochemical data, the details of redox coupled proton pumping in complex I are poorly understood. In particular, the proton transfer pathways are extremely difficult to characterize with the current structural and biochemical techniques. Here, we applied multiscale computational approaches to identify the proton transfer paths in the terminal antiporter-like subunit of complex I. Data from combined classical and quantum chemical simulations reveal for the first time structural elements that are exclusive to the subunit, and enables the enzyme to achieve coupling between the spatially separated Q redox reactions and proton pumping. By studying long time scale protonation and hydration dependent conformational dynamics of key amino acid residues, we provide novel insights into the proton pumping mechanism of complex I.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Outi Haapanen
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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195
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Capsaicin Alleviates the Deteriorative Mitochondrial Function by Upregulating 14-3-3 η in Anoxic or Anoxic/Reoxygenated Cardiomyocytes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1750289. [PMID: 32190168 PMCID: PMC7073486 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1750289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are byproducts of a defective electron transport chain (ETC). The redox couples, GSH/GSSG and NAD+/NADH, play an essential role in physiology as internal defenses against excessive ROS generation by facilitating intracellular/mitochondrial (mt) redox homeostasis. Anoxia alone and anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) are dissimilar pathological processes. In this study, we measured the impact of capsaicin (Cap) on these pathological processes using a primary cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocyte in vitro model. The results showed that overproduction of ROS was tightly associated with disturbed GSH/GSSG and NAD+/NADH suppressed mt complex I and III activities, decreased oxygen consumption rates, and elevated extracellular acidification rates. During anoxia or A/R period, these indices interact with each other causing the mitochondrial function to worsen. Cap protected cardiomyocytes against the different stages of A/R injury by rescuing NAD+/NADH, GSH/GSSG, and mt complex I/III activities and cellular energy metabolism. Importantly, Cap-mediated upregulation of 14-3-3η, a protective phosphoserine-binding protein in cardiomyocytes, ameliorated mt function caused by a disruptive redox status and an impaired ETC. In conclusion, redox pair, mt complex I/III, and metabolic equilibrium were significantly different in anoxia alone and A/R injury; Cap through upregulating 14-3-3η plays a protection against the above injury in cardiomyocyte.
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196
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Skorupa P, Lindenstrauß U, Burschel S, Blumenscheit C, Friedrich T, Pinske C. The N-terminal domains of the paralogous HycE and NuoCD govern assembly of the respective formate hydrogenlyase and NADH dehydrogenase complexes. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:371-385. [PMID: 31925988 PMCID: PMC7050243 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Formate hydrogenlyase (FHL) is the main hydrogen-producing enzyme complex in enterobacteria. It converts formate to CO2 and H2 via a formate dehydrogenase and a [NiFe]-hydrogenase. FHL and complex I are evolutionarily related and share a common core architecture. However, complex I catalyses the fundamentally different electron transfer from NADH to quinone and pumps protons. The catalytic FHL subunit, HycE, resembles NuoCD of Escherichia coli complex I; a fusion of NuoC and NuoD present in other organisms. The C-terminal domain of HycE harbours the [NiFe]-active site and is similar to other hydrogenases, while this domain in NuoCD is involved in quinone binding. The N-terminal domains of these proteins do not bind cofactors and are not involved in electron transfer. As these N-terminal domains are separate proteins in some organisms, we removed them in E. coli and observed that both FHL and complex I activities were essentially absent. This was due to either a disturbed assembly or to complex instability. Replacing the N-terminal domain of HycE with a 180 amino acid E. coli NuoC protein fusion did not restore activity, indicating that the domains have complex-specific functions. A FHL complex in which the N- and C-terminal domains of HycE were physically separated still retained most of its FHL activity, while the separation of NuoCD abolished complex I activity completely. Only the FHL complex tolerates physical separation of the HycE domains. Together, the findings strongly suggest that the N-terminal domains of these proteins are key determinants in complex assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Skorupa
- Institute of Biology/MicrobiologyMartin‐Luther University Halle‐WittenbergGermany
| | - Ute Lindenstrauß
- Institute of Biology/MicrobiologyMartin‐Luther University Halle‐WittenbergGermany
| | - Sabrina Burschel
- Institute of Biochemistry/Molecular BioenergeticsAlbert‐Ludwigs‐University FreiburgGermany
| | | | - Thorsten Friedrich
- Institute of Biochemistry/Molecular BioenergeticsAlbert‐Ludwigs‐University FreiburgGermany
| | - Constanze Pinske
- Institute of Biology/MicrobiologyMartin‐Luther University Halle‐WittenbergGermany
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197
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The alterations of mitochondrial DNA in coronary heart disease. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 114:104412. [PMID: 32113905 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the major cause of death in modern society. CHD is characterized by atherosclerosis, which could lead to vascular cavity stenosis or obstruction, resulting in ischemic cardiac conditions such as angina and myocardial infarction. In terms of the mitochondrion, the main function is to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for cells. And the alterations (including mutations, altered copy number and haplogroups) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are associated with the abnormal expression of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction, then leading to perturbation on the electron transport chain and increased ROS generation and reduction in ATP level, contributing to ATP-producing disorders and oxidative stress, which may further accelerate development or vulnerability of atherosclerosis and myocardial ischemic injury. Therefore, the mtDNA defects may play an important role in making an early diagnosis, identifying disease-specific biomarkers and therapeutic targets, and predicting outcomes for patients with atherosclerosis and CHD. In this review, we aim to summarize the contribution of mtDNA mutations, altered mtDNA copy number and mtDNA haplogroups on the occurrence and development of CHD.
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198
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Tao Z, Wang D, Yao F, Huang X, Wu Y, Wu Y, Chen Z, Wei J, Li X, Yang Q. Influence of low voltage electric field stimulation on hydrogen generation from anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 704:135849. [PMID: 31835102 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Low voltage electric field is an important stimulation condition for biochemical metabolic of microorganism. But few literatures were available related to the effect of low voltage electric field on hydrogen production from anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS). This study aims to explore such influencing thus carried a series experiments under 35 ± 1 °C and pH 7.0 ± 0.2. The experimental results showed that the hydrogen production increased from 28.1 to 32.5 mL/g VSS with electric field strengthening from 0 to 40 V/m. The mechanism explorations revealed that the yield of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) yield could reach 1.16-fold of control group when the highest-level electric field (40 V/m) forced in the anaerobic fermentation system with dextran as model substrate. Further analysis of relative activities of functional enzymes, such as NADH, acetate kinase, butyrate kinase and OAATC, showed that it was promoted by electric field stimulation as 2.09, 1.52, 1.28 and 1.16-fold of the control test, respectively. Meanwhile, the conductivity of fermentation liquor in presence of low voltage electric field stimulation increased 83% compared with the control group. This work verified the promotion of low voltage electric field stimulation on hydrogen production from anaerobic digestion of WAS and might provide a new sight for the green energy generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziletao Tao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Fubing Yao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaoding Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - You Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yanxin Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jing Wei
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Qi Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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199
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Metabolic reprogramming and disease progression in cancer patients. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165721. [PMID: 32057942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Genomics has contributed to the treatment of a fraction of cancer patients. However, there is a need to profile the proteins that define the phenotype of cancer and its pathogenesis. The reprogramming of metabolism is a major trait of the cancer phenotype with great potential for prognosis and targeted therapy. This review overviews the major changes reported in the steady-state levels of proteins of metabolism in primary carcinomas, paying attention to those enzymes that correlate with patients' survival. The upregulation of enzymes of glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, lipogenesis, glutaminolysis and the antioxidant defense is concurrent with the downregulation of mitochondrial proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation, emphasizing the potential of mitochondrial metabolism as a promising therapeutic target in cancer. We stress that high-throughput quantitative expression profiling of differentially expressed proteins in large cohorts of carcinomas paired with normal tissues will accelerate translation of metabolism to a successful personalized medicine in cancer.
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200
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Lu Z, Wang S, Ji C, Li F, Cong M, Shan X, Wu H. iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis on the mitochondrial responses in gill tissues of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus exposed to cadmium. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 257:113591. [PMID: 31744679 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an important heavy metal pollutant in the Bohai Sea. Mitochondria are recognized as the key target for Cd toxicity. However, mitochondrial responses to Cd have not been fully investigated in marine fishes. In this study, the mitochondrial responses were characterized in gills of juvenile flounder Paralichthys olivaceus treated with two environmentally relevant concentrations (5 and 50 μg/L) of Cd for 14 days by determination of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), observation of mitochondrial morphology and quantitative proteomic analysis. Both Cd treatments significantly decreased MMPs of mitochondria from flounder gills. Mitochondrial morphologies were altered in Cd-treated flounder samples, indicated by more and smaller mitochondria. iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis indicated that a total of 128 proteins were differentially expressed in both Cd treatments. These proteins were basically involved in various biological processes in gill mitochondria, including mitochondrial morphology and import, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), primary bile acid biosynthesis, stress resistance and apoptosis. These results indicated that dynamic regulations of energy homeostasis, cholesterol metabolism, stress resistance, apoptosis, and mitochondrial morphology in gill mitochondria might play significant roles in response to Cd toxicity. Overall, this study provided a global view on mitochondrial toxicity of Cd in flounder gills using iTRAQ-based proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Shuang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Chenglong Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Ming Cong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Xiujuan Shan
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Huifeng Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, PR China.
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