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Abstract
AIMS To describe the treatment of obesity from ancient times to present day. METHODS Articles reporting the development of anti-obesity therapies were identified through a search for 'anti-obesity' AND 'pharmacotherapy' AND 'development' within the title or abstract on PubMed and 'obesity' in ClinicalTrials.gov. Relevant articles and related literature were selected for inclusion. RESULTS Stone-age miniature obese female statuettes indicate the existence and cultural significance of obesity as long as 30,000 years ago. Records from Ancient Egyptian and Biblical eras through Greco-Roman to Medieval times indicate that obesity was present throughout the major periods of history, although peoples of previous centuries would probably have experienced overweight and obesity as exceptional rather than normal. Health risks of obesity were noted by the Greek physician Hippocrates (460-377 BCE) when the earliest anti-obesity recommendations on diet, exercise, lifestyle and use of emetics and cathartics were born. These recommendations remained largely unchanged until the early 20th century, when spreading urbanisation, increasingly sedentary jobs and greater availability of processed foods produced a sharp rise in obesity. This led to the need for new, more effective, ways to lose weight, to address comorbidities associated with obesity, and to attain the current cultural ideal of slimness. Drug companies of the 1940s and 1950s produced a series of anti-obesity pharmacotherapies in short succession, based largely on amphetamines. Increased regulation of drug development in the 1960s and new efficacy requirements for weight-loss drugs led to rapid reduction in anti-obesity therapies available by the early 1990s. CONCLUSION In the last two decades, several new and emerging therapies have been approved or are in development to provide safe, long-term pharmacological agents for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Haslam
- The Cheyne Society, Datchworth, UK
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152
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Isatin analogs as novel inhibitors of Candida spp. β-carbonic anhydrase enzymes. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:1648-52. [PMID: 26951893 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme inhibition data of structurally novel isatin-containing sulfonamides were determined for two carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) from pathogenic Candida species (CaNce103 from C. albicans and CgNce103 from C. glabrata). The compounds show KI values in the low nanomolar range for the fungal CAs, while they have significantly higher KI values for the human CAs. Homology models were constructed for the CaNce103 and CgNce103 and subsequently the ligands were docked into these models to rationalize their enzyme inhibitory properties.
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153
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Küçükbay FZ, Küçükbay H, Tanc M, Supuran CT. Synthesis and carbonic anhydrase I, II, IV and XII inhibitory properties of N-protected amino acid – sulfonamide conjugates. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2016; 31:1476-83. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2016.1147438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F. Zehra Küçükbay
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey,
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione Di Scienze Farmaceutiche E Nutraceutiche e Laboratorio Di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università Degli Studi Di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, and
| | - Hasan Küçükbay
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione Di Scienze Farmaceutiche E Nutraceutiche e Laboratorio Di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università Degli Studi Di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, and
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Tanc
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione Di Scienze Farmaceutiche E Nutraceutiche e Laboratorio Di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università Degli Studi Di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, and
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione Di Scienze Farmaceutiche E Nutraceutiche e Laboratorio Di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università Degli Studi Di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, and
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154
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Tektas O, Akkemik E, Baykara H. Investigation of the Effect of Some Optically Active Imine Compounds on the Enzyme Activities of hCA-I and hCA-II under In Vitro Conditions: An Experimental and Theoretical Study. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2016; 30:277-86. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Osman Tektas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Siirt University; 56100 Siirt Turkey
| | - Ebru Akkemik
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Food Engineering; Siirt University; 56100 Siirt Turkey
| | - Haci Baykara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Siirt University; 56100 Siirt Turkey
- Center of Nanotechnology Research and Development (CIDNA), Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Ciencias de la Producción; Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL; Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral Guayaquil Ecuador
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155
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Di Fiore A, De Simone G, Alterio V, Riccio V, Winum JY, Carta F, Supuran CT. The anticonvulsant sulfamide JNJ-26990990 and its S,S-dioxide analog strongly inhibit carbonic anhydrases: solution and X-ray crystallographic studies. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:4853-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00803h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition and X-ray crystallographic data for the binding of JNJ-26990990 and its S,S-dioxide analog to hCAs have been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Di Fiore
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR
- 80134 Napoli
- Italy
| | | | | | | | - Jean-Yves Winum
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS
- ENSCM
- Université de Montpellier
- Bâtiment de Recherche Max Mousseron
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Università degli Studi di Firenze
- Polo Scientifico
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze
- Polo Scientifico
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
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156
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Ferraroni M, Carta F, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT. Thioxocoumarins Show an Alternative Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition Mechanism Compared to Coumarins. J Med Chem 2015; 59:462-73. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ferraroni
- Polo
Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Polo
Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Andrea Scozzafava
- Polo
Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Polo
Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
- NEUROFARBA
Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
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157
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Richichi B, Baldoneschi V, Burgalassi S, Fragai M, Vullo D, Akdemir A, Dragoni E, Louka A, Mamusa M, Monti D, Berti D, Novellino E, Rosa GD, Supuran CT, Nativi C. A Divalent PAMAM-Based Matrix Metalloproteinase/Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor for the Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome. Chemistry 2015; 22:1714-21. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Richichi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”; University of Florence; via della Lastruccia 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - V. Baldoneschi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”; University of Florence; via della Lastruccia 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - S. Burgalassi
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Pisa; via Bonanno 33 56126 Pisa Italy
| | - M. Fragai
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”; University of Florence; via della Lastruccia 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
- CERM; University of Florence; via Sacconi 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - D. Vullo
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”; University of Florence; via della Lastruccia 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - A. Akdemir
- Department of Pharmacy; Faculty of Pharmacy; Bezmialem Vakif University; Vatan Caddesi 34093 Fatih, Istanbul Turkey
| | - E. Dragoni
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”; University of Florence; via della Lastruccia 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - A. Louka
- CERM; University of Florence; via Sacconi 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - M. Mamusa
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”; University of Florence; via della Lastruccia 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - D. Monti
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Pisa; via Bonanno 33 56126 Pisa Italy
| | - D. Berti
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”; University of Florence; via della Lastruccia 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - E. Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Napoli “Federico II” via Montesano 49; 80131 Napoli Italy
| | - G. De Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Napoli “Federico II” via Montesano 49; 80131 Napoli Italy
| | - C. T. Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department; University of Florence; via U. Schiff 6 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - C. Nativi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”; University of Florence; via della Lastruccia 3-13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
- CERM; University of Florence; via Sacconi 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
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158
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Bozdag M, Alafeefy AM, Vullo D, Carta F, Dedeoglu N, Al-Tamimi AMS, Al-Jaber NA, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT. Benzenesulfonamides incorporating bulky aromatic/heterocyclic tails with potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:7751-64. [PMID: 26639945 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Three series of sulfonamides incorporating long, bulky tails were obtained by applying synthetic strategies in which substituted anthranilic acids, quinazolines and aromatic sulfonamides have been used as starting materials. They incorporate long, bulky diamide-, 4-oxoquinazoline-3-yl- or quinazoline-4-yl moieties in their molecules, and were investigated for the inhibition of four physiologically relevant carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms, the cytosolic human (h) hCA I and II, as well as the transmembrane hCA IX and XII. Most of the new sulfonamides showed excellent inhibitory effects against the four isoforms, with KIs of 7.6-322nM against hCA I, of 0.06-85.4nM against hCA II; of 6.7-152nM against hCA IX and of 0.49-237nM against hCA XII; respectively. However no relevant isoform-selective behavior has been observed for any of them, although hCA II and XII, isoforms involved in glaucoma-genesis were the most inhibited ones. The structure-activity relationship for inhibiting the four CAs with these derivatives is discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Bozdag
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Ahmed M Alafeefy
- Chemistry Department, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Nurcan Dedeoglu
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Abdul-Malek S Al-Tamimi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Dept., College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabila A Al-Jaber
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrea Scozzafava
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
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159
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Tekola-Ayele F, Doumatey AP, Shriner D, Bentley AR, Chen G, Zhou J, Fasanmade O, Johnson T, Oli J, Okafor G, Eghan BA, Agyenim-Boateng K, Adebamowo C, Amoah A, Acheampong J, Adeyemo A, Rotimi CN. Genome-wide association study identifies African-ancestry specific variants for metabolic syndrome. Mol Genet Metab 2015; 116:305-13. [PMID: 26507551 PMCID: PMC5292212 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of metabolic disorders that increase the risk of developing several diseases including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully identified variants associated with individual traits comprising MetS, the genetic basis and pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the clustering of these traits remain unclear. We conducted GWAS of MetS in 1427 Africans from Ghana and Nigeria followed by replication testing and meta-analysis in another continental African sample from Kenya. Further replication testing was performed in an African American sample from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. We found two African-ancestry specific variants that were significantly associated with MetS: SNP rs73989312[A] near CA10 that conferred increased risk (P=3.86 × 10(-8), OR=6.80) and SNP rs77244975[C] in CTNNA3 that conferred protection against MetS (P=1.63 × 10(-8), OR=0.15). Given the exclusive expression of CA10 in the brain, our CA10 finding strengthens previously reported link between brain function and MetS. We also identified two variants that are not African specific: rs76822696[A] near RALYL associated with increased MetS risk (P=7.37 × 10(-9), OR=1.59) and rs7964157[T] near KSR2 associated with reduced MetS risk (P=4.52 × 10(-8), Pmeta=7.82 × 10(-9), OR=0.53). The KSR2 locus displayed pleiotropic associations with triglyceride and measures of blood pressure. Rare KSR2 mutations have been reported to be associated with early onset obesity and insulin resistance. Finally, we replicated the LPL and CETP loci previously found to be associated with MetS in Europeans. These findings provide novel insights into the genetics of MetS in Africans and demonstrate the utility of conducting trans-ethnic disease gene mapping studies for testing the cosmopolitan significance of GWAS signals of cardio-metabolic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasil Tekola-Ayele
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Ayo P Doumatey
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Shriner
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jie Zhou
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Johnnie Oli
- University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | | | - Benjami A Eghan
- University of Science and Technology, Department of Medicine, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Clement Adebamowo
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Albert Amoah
- University of Ghana Medical School, Department of Medicine, Accra, Ghana
| | - Joseph Acheampong
- University of Science and Technology, Department of Medicine, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Adebowale Adeyemo
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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160
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Abstract
Six genetic families of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) were described to date. Inhibition of CAs has pharmacologic applications in the field of antiglaucoma, anticonvulsant, anticancer, and anti-infective agents. New classes of CA inhibitors (CAIs) were described in the last decade with enzyme inhibition mechanisms differing considerably from the classical inhibitors of the sulfonamide or anion type. Five different CA inhibition mechanisms are known: (i) the zinc binders coordinate to the catalytically crucial Zn(II) ion from the enzyme active site, with the metal in tetrahedral or trigonal bipyramidal geometries. Sulfonamides and their isosters, most anions, dithiocarbamates and their isosters, carboxylates, and hydroxamates bind in this way; (ii) inhibitors that anchor to the zinc-coordinated water molecule/hydroxide ion (phenols, carboxylates, polyamines, 2-thioxocoumarins, sulfocoumarins); (iii) inhibitors which occlude the entrance to the active site cavity (coumarins and their isosters), this binding site coinciding with that where CA activators bind; (iv) compounds which bind out of the active site cavity (a carboxylic acid derivative was seen to inhibit CA in this manner), and (v) compounds for which the inhibition mechanism is not known, among which the secondary/tertiary sulfonamides as well as imatinib/nilotinib are the most investigated examples. As CAIs are used clinically in many pathologies, with a sulfonamide inhibitor (SLC-0111) in Phase I clinical trials for the management of metastatic solid tumors, this review updates the recent findings in the field which may be useful for a structure-based drug design approach of more selective/potent modulators of the activity of these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- a Neurofarba Department, Laboratorio Di Chimica Bioinorganica, Sezione Di Chimica Farmaceutica E Nutraceutica, Università Degli Studi Di Firenze , Florence , Italy
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161
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El-Azab AS, Abdel-Aziz AAM, Ayyad RR, Ceruso M, Supuran CT. Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, IV, VII and XII with carboxylates and sulfonamides incorporating phthalimide/phthalic anhydride scaffolds. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 24:20-5. [PMID: 26678172 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We report a panel of carboxylates and sulfonamides incorporating phthalic anhydride and phthalimide moieties in their structure and their interaction with the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1). They were synthesized from substituted anthranilic acids and trimellitic anhydride chloride, followed by reaction with primary amines and were tested for the inhibition of five physiologically relevant CA isoforms, the human (h) hCA I, II, IV, VII and XII, some of which are involved in serious pathologies (CA II, IV and XII in glaucoma; CA VII in epilepsy; CA XII in some solid tumors). The carboxylic acids were generally poor inhibitors of isoforms hCA I, II and IV but were highly effective, low nanomolar inhibitors of hCA VII and XII. The sulfonamides inhibited all isoforms significantly, and some of them were sub-nanomolar hCA VII inhibitors, although their isoform selectivity was lower compared to the carboxylates. This study proves that carboxylic acids incorporating a phthalic anhydride/phthalimide based scaffold may lead to isoform-selective inhibitors by applying the tail approach, mostly used up until now for obtaining sulfonamide, sulfamide and sulfamate CA inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel S El-Azab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Alaa A-M Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rezk R Ayyad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mariangela Ceruso
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Neurofarba Department and Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Neurofarba Department and Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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162
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Click-tailed coumarins with potent and selective inhibitory action against the tumor-associated carbonic anhydrases IX and XII. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:6955-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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163
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Karioti A, Ceruso M, Carta F, Bilia AR, Supuran CT. New natural product carbonic anhydrase inhibitors incorporating phenol moieties. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:7219-25. [PMID: 26498393 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) catalyze the fundamental reaction of CO2 hydration in all living organisms, being actively involved in the regulation of a plethora of patho/physiological conditions. They represent a typical example of enzyme convergent evolution, as six genetically unrelated families of such enzymes were described so far. The need to find selective CA inhibitors (CAIs) triggered the investigation of natural product libraries, which proved to be a valid source of agents with such an activity, as demonstrated for the phenols, polyamines and coumarins. Herein we report an in vitro inhibition study of human (h) CA isoforms hCAs I, II, IV, VII and XII with a panel of natural polyphenols including flavones, flavonols, flavanones, flavanols, isoflavones and depsides, some of which extracted from Quercus ilex and Salvia miltiorrhiza. Several of the investigated derivatives showed interesting inhibition activity and selectivities for inhibiting some important isoforms over the off-target ones hCA I and II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Karioti
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mariangela Ceruso
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy.
| | - Anna-Rita Bilia
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, PHYTOLAB, Departimento di Chimica Ugo Schiff, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy; Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Dipartimento NEUROFARBA, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy.
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164
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Inhibition of mammalian carbonic anhydrase isoforms I-XIV with a series of phenolic acid esters. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:7181-8. [PMID: 26498394 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A series of phenolic acid esters incorporating caffeic, ferulic, and p-coumaric acid, and benzyl, m/p-hydroxyphenethyl- as well as p-hydroxy-phenethoxy-phenethyl moieties were investigated for their inhibitory effects against the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1). Many of the mammalian isozymes of human (h) or murine (m) origin, hCA I-hCA XII, mCA XIII and hCA XIV, were inhibited in the submicromolar range by these derivatives (with KIs of 0.31-1.03 μM against hCA VA, VB, VI, VII, IX and XIV). The off-target, highly abundant isoforms hCA I and II, as well as hCA III, IV and XII were poorly inhibited by many of these esters, although the original phenolic acids were micromolar inhibitors. These phenols, like others investigated earlier, possess a CA inhibition mechanism distinct of the sulfonamides/sulfamates, clinically used drugs for the treatment of a multitude of pathologies, but with severe side effects due to hCA I/II inhibition. Unlike the sulfonamides, which bind to the catalytic zinc ion, phenols are anchored at the Zn(II)-coordinated water molecule, binding more externally within the active site cavity, and making contacts with amino acid residues at the entrance of the active site. As this is the region with the highest variability between the many CA isozymes found in mammals, this class of compounds shows isoform-selective inhibitory profiles, which may be exploited for obtaining pharmacological agents with less side effects compared to other classes of inhibitors.
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165
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Carta F, Osman SM, Vullo D, AlOthman Z, Del Prete S, Capasso C, Supuran CT. Poly(amidoamine) dendrimers show carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activity against α-, β-, γ- and η-class enzymes. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:6794-8. [PMID: 26476668 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Four generations of poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers incorporating benzenesulfonamide moieties were investigated as inhibitors of carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) belonging to the α-, β-, γ- and η-classes which are present in pathogenic bacteria, fungi or protozoa. The following bacterial, fungal and protozoan organisms were included in the study: Vibrio cholerae, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania donovani chagasi, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida glabrata, and Plasmodium falciparum. The eight pathozymes present in these organisms were efficiently inhibited by the four generations PAMAM-sulfonamide dendrimers, but multivalency effects were highly variable among the different enzyme classes. The Vibrio enzyme VchCA was best inhibited by the G3 dendrimer incorporating 32 sulfamoyl moieties. The Trypanosoma enzyme TcCA on the other hand was best inhibited by the first generation dendrimer G0 (with 4 sulfamoyl groups), whereas for other enzymes the optimal inhibitory power was observed for the G1 or G2 dendrimers, with 8 and 16 sulfonamide functionalities. This study thus proves that the multivalency may be highly relevant for enzyme inhibition for some but not all CAs from pathogenic organisms. On the other hand, some dendrimers investigated here showed a better inhibitory power compared to acetazolamide for enzymes from widespread pathogens, such as the η-CA from Plasmodium falciparum. Overall, the main conclusion is that this class of molecules may lead to important developments in the field of anti-infective CA inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Carta
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Sameh M Osman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Zeid AlOthman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sonia Del Prete
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy; Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Dipartimento NEUROFARBA, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Dipartimento NEUROFARBA, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy.
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166
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Esirden İ, Ulus R, Aday B, Tanç M, Supuran CT, Kaya M. Synthesis of novel acridine bis-sulfonamides with effective inhibitory activity against the carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, IX and XII. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:6573-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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167
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Congiu C, Onnis V, Deplano A, Balboni G, Ceruso M, Supuran CT. Synthesis and carbonic anhydrase I, II, IX and XII inhibitory activity of sulfamates incorporating piperazinyl-ureido moieties. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:5619-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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168
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Aday B, Sola P, Çolak F, Kaya M. Synthesis of novel sulfonamide analogs containing sulfamerazine/sulfaguanidine and their biological activities. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015; 31:1005-10. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2015.1079183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Muharrem Kaya
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Arts and Science, Dumlupınar University, Kütahya, Turkey
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169
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Ceruso M, Antel S, Vullo D, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT. Inhibition studies of new ureido-substituted sulfonamides incorporating a GABA moiety against human carbonic anhydrase isoforms I-XIV. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 22:6768-75. [PMID: 25468040 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Reaction of γ-Boc-GABA, prepared by protecting the γ-amino moiety of the amino butyric acid with the tert-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) protecting group, with 4-methyl/ethyl benzenesulfonamide, followed by removal of the Boc protecting group in 3 M HCl afforded the corresponding hydrochlorides, which were further derivatized by reaction with a varying of aryl isocyanates to give a new classes of ureido substituted benzenesulfonamide containing a GABA moiety. Inhibition studies of the human carbonic anhydrase(CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms, CA I–XIV with these new compounds revealed that they possess moderate-weak inhibition potency against hCA III, IV, VA, VI and XIII, rather efficient inhibitory power against hCA I, VI, and IX, and excellent inhibition of the physiologically relevant hCA II and VII, as well as of the two tumor-associated isoforms CA IX and XII. The inhibition profile of the new ureido-substituted benzenesulfonamides reported here is thus very different from the corresponding ureido-substituted analogs incorporating sulfanilamide, which were previously investigated as inhibitors of some of these enzymes.
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170
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Bejaoui M, Pantazi E, De Luca V, Panisello A, Folch-Puy E, Hotter G, Capasso C, T. Supuran C, Rosselló-Catafau J. Carbonic Anhydrase Protects Fatty Liver Grafts against Ischemic Reperfusion Damage. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26225852 PMCID: PMC4520486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are ubiquitous metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and a proton. CAs are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes, including acid-base homeostasis, electrolyte balance, oxygen delivery to tissues and nitric oxide generation. Given that these processes are found to be dysregulated during ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), and taking into account the high vulnerability of steatotic livers to preservation injury, we hypothesized a new role for CA as a pharmacological agent able to protect against ischemic damage. Two different aspects of the role of CA II in fatty liver grafts preservation were evaluated: 1) the effect of its addition to Institut Georges Lopez (IGL-1) storage solution after cold ischemia; 2) and after 24h of cold storage followed by two hours of normothermic ex-vivo perfusion. In all cases, liver injury, CA II protein concentration, CA II mRNA levels and CA II activity were determined. In case of the ex-vivo perfusion, we further assessed liver function (bile production, bromosulfophthalein clearance) and Western blot analysis of phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK), mitogen activated protein kinases family (MAPKs) and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) parameters (GRP78, PERK, IRE, eIF2α and ATF6). We found that CA II was downregulated after cold ischemia. The addition of bovine CA II to IGL-1 preservation solution efficiently protected steatotic liver against cold IRI. In the case of reperfusion, CA II protection was associated with better function, AMPK activation and the prevention of ERS and MAPKs activation. Interestingly, CA II supplementation was not associated with enhanced CO2 hydration. The results suggest that CA II modulation may be a promising target for fatty liver graft preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Bejaoui
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona-Spanish National Research Council (IIBB-CSIC), IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eirini Pantazi
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona-Spanish National Research Council (IIBB-CSIC), IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Viviana De Luca
- Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources (IBBR), National Research Council, Napoli, Italy
| | - Arnau Panisello
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona-Spanish National Research Council (IIBB-CSIC), IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emma Folch-Puy
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona-Spanish National Research Council (IIBB-CSIC), IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Georgina Hotter
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona-Spanish National Research Council (IIBB-CSIC), IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Institute of Bioscience and Bioresources (IBBR), National Research Council, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Joan Rosselló-Catafau
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona-Spanish National Research Council (IIBB-CSIC), IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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De Luca V, Del Prete S, Vullo D, Carginale V, Di Fonzo P, Osman SM, AlOthman Z, Supuran CT, Capasso C. Expression and characterization of a recombinant psychrophilic γ-carbonic anhydrase (NcoCA) identified in the genome of the Antarctic cyanobacteria belonging to the genus Nostoc. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2015.1069289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonia Del Prete
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Napoli, Italy,
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Dipartimento Di Chimica, Polo Scientifico, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy,
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Polo Scientifico, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, and
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Dipartimento Di Chimica, Polo Scientifico, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy,
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Polo Scientifico, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, and
| | | | | | - Sameh M Osman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeid AlOthman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Dipartimento Di Chimica, Polo Scientifico, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy,
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Polo Scientifico, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy, and
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Congiu C, Onnis V, Deplano A, Balboni G, Dedeoglu N, Supuran CT. Synthesis of sulfonamides incorporating piperazinyl-ureido moieties and their carbonic anhydrase I, II, IX and XII inhibitory activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:3850-3. [PMID: 26233435 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
By using SLC-0111 (4-fluorophenylureido-benzenesulfonamide), a sulfonamide carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitor in Phase I clinical trials as an antitumor agent as lead molecule, a series of benzenesulfonamide derivatives incorporating ureido moieties was synthesized. The new compounds contain a 4-N-substituted piperazine fragment in which the ureido linker has been included, and were tested as inhibitors of the cytosolic human (h) hCA I and II isoforms, as well as the transmembrane, tumor-associated enzymes hCA IX and XII. Depending on the substitution pattern at the piperazine ring, low nanomolar inhibitors were detected against all four isoforms, making the new class of sulfonamides of interest for various pharmacologic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cenzo Congiu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Unit of Pharmaceutical, Pharmacological and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, Cagliari I-09124, Italy.
| | - Valentina Onnis
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Unit of Pharmaceutical, Pharmacological and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, Cagliari I-09124, Italy
| | - Alessandro Deplano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Unit of Pharmaceutical, Pharmacological and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, Cagliari I-09124, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Balboni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Unit of Pharmaceutical, Pharmacological and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, Cagliari I-09124, Italy
| | - Nurcan Dedeoglu
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy; Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Chemistry, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
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173
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Abstract
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterized by an increase of intracranial pressure in the absence of neurologic tumors. The sulfonamide carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitor (CAI) acetazolamide (AAZ), a compound developed in the 1950s as a diuretic drug and presently used as an antiglaucoma, antiepileptic and diuretic agent, is effective in the treatment of IIH. AAZ is a low nanomolar inhibitor of CA isoforms involved in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) secretion. Inhibition of brain/choroid plexus CA II, IV, VA and XII leads to a decreased CSF fluid secretion and control of the intracranial pressure. Although many sulfonamide/sulfamate CAIs are in clinical use for decades, apparently only AAZ is being currently used clinically for IIH. We speculate that more lipophilic CAIs such as methazolamide, zonisamide or topiramate should lead to a more effective control of increased intracranial pressure, thus having the opportunity to become useful in the management of IIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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174
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Ozensoy Guler O, Capasso C, Supuran CT. A magnificent enzyme superfamily: carbonic anhydrases, their purification and characterization. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015; 31:689-94. [PMID: 26118417 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2015.1059333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we reviewed the purification and characterization methods of the α-carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) class. Six genetic families (α-, β-, γ-, δ-, ζ- and η-CAs) all know to date, all encoding such enzymes in organisms widely distributed over the phylogenetic tree. Starting from the manuscripts published in the 1930s on the isolation and purification of α-CAs from blood and other tissues, and ending with the recent discovery of the last genetic family in protozoa, the η-CAs, considered for long time an α-CA, we present historically the numerous and different procedures which were employed for obtaining these catalysts in pure form. α-CAs possess important application in medicine (as many human α-CA isoforms are drug targets) as well as biotechnological processes, in which the enzymes are ultimately used for CO2 capture in order to mitigate the global warming effects due to greenhouse gases. Recently, it was discovered an involvement of CAs in cancerogenesis as well as infection caused by pathogenic agents such as bacteria, fungi and protozoa. Inhibition studies of CAs identified in the genome of the aforementioned organisms might lead to the discovery of innovative drugs with a novel mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozen Ozensoy Guler
- a Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine , Yildirim Beyazit University, Bilkent Campus , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Clemente Capasso
- b CNR-Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Napoli, Italy , Napoli , Italy , and
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- c Università degli Studi di Firenze, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, NEUROFARBA Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Chemistry , Florence , Italy
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175
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Carta F, Osman SM, Vullo D, AlOthman Z, Supuran CT. Dendrimers incorporating benzenesulfonamide moieties strongly inhibit carbonic anhydrase isoforms I-XIV. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:6453-7. [PMID: 25976058 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00715a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As extension of our previous study herein we report a comprehensive investigation of poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers as modulators of the human carbonic anhydrase (hCA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms I-XIV. Interestingly inhibitory activity was observed for the non-functionalized dendrimers against the hCA I, VII, IX, XII and XIV isoforms, whereas activation properties were reported only for the cytosolic abundant hCA II. Highly efficient inhibitory action against many isoforms having medicinal chemistry applications, such as hCA II, V, VII, IX, XII and XIV, was observed for the PAMAM functionalized counterparts bearing 4, 8, 16 and 32 benzenesulfonamide moieties. Possible applications of dendrimer-CA inhibitors as therapeutic/diagnostic agents are envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Carta
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
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176
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Khloya P, Ceruso M, Ram S, Supuran CT, Sharma PK. Sulfonamide bearing pyrazolylpyrazolines as potent inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, IX and XII. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:3208-12. [PMID: 26105196 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A series of pyrazolylpyrazolines was designed, synthesized and evaluated for carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitory activity against cytosolic human (h) isozymes hCA I and hCA II as well as transmembrane tumor associated isozymes, hCA IX and hCA XII. All the tested compounds exhibited an excellent CA activity profile against hCA I, hCA II and hCA XII when compared to the reference drug acetazolamide (AZA). Compounds 6d, 6f and 7a-7f have exhibited better inhibition profile against hCA XII (Ki = 0.47-5.1 nM) as compared with AZA (Ki = 5.7 nM) especially, compounds 6a, 7a, 7c and 7d which were nearly 10-fold better than reference drug. Against hCA II, all of the tested compounds were better than the standard drug especially compounds 6c, 6d, 7c and 7d (Ki = 1.1-1.7 nM) were many fold better inhibitors than AZA (Ki = 12.1 nM). In addition, they acted as selective CA inhibitors of isoform hCA XII over the physiological isoform hCA I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Khloya
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, India
| | - Mariangela Ceruso
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm 188, and Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Via U. Schiff 6, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Sita Ram
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, India
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm 188, and Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Via U. Schiff 6, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy.
| | - Pawan K Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, India.
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Carta F, Osman SM, Vullo D, Gullotto A, Winum JY, AlOthman Z, Masini E, Supuran CT. Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimers with Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitory Activity and Antiglaucoma Action. J Med Chem 2015; 58:4039-45. [PMID: 25849626 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Four generations of poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers decorated with benzenesulfonamide moieties were prepared by derivatizing the amino groups of the dendrimer with 4-carboxy-benzenesulfonamide functionalities. Compounds incorporating 4, 8, 16, and 32 sulfonamide moieties were thus obtained, which showed an increasing carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitory action with the increase of the number of sulfamoyl groups in the dendrimer. Best inhibitory activity (in the low nanomolar-subnanomolar range) was observed for isoforms CA II and XII, involved among others in glaucoma. In an animal model of this disease, the chronic administration of such dendrimers for 5 days led to a much more efficient drop of intraocular pressure compared to the standard drug dorzolamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Carta
- †Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Sameh M Osman
- ‡Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniela Vullo
- †Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Antonella Gullotto
- †Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Jean-Yves Winum
- §Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, UMR 5247 CNRS-ENSCM-Université de Montpellier , Bâtiment de Recherche Max Mousseron, 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Zeid AlOthman
- ‡Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emanuela Masini
- ∥Dipartimento NEUROFARBA, Sezione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, , Via G. Pierracini 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- ‡Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- ⊥Polo Scientifico, Dipartimento NEUROFARBA, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, , Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
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178
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Bozdag M, Carta F, Vullo D, Akdemir A, Isik S, Lanzi C, Scozzafava A, Masini E, Supuran CT. Synthesis of a new series of dithiocarbamates with effective human carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activity and antiglaucoma action. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:2368-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Syrjänen L, Kuuslahti M, Tolvanen M, Vullo D, Parkkila S, Supuran CT. The β-carbonic anhydrase from the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae is highly inhibited by sulfonamides. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:2303-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.03.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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180
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Durgun M, Turkmen H, Ceruso M, Supuran CT. Synthesis of Schiff base derivatives of 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulfonamide with inhibitory activity against carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, IX and XII. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:2377-81. [PMID: 25913118 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Schiff base derivatives were obtained by reaction of 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfonamide with aromatic aldehydes. The corresponding secondary amine derivatives were also prepared by reduction of the imine compounds with NaBH4. These derivatives were investigated as inhibitors of four human carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms, the cytosolic isozymes hCA I and II, as well as, the transmembrane, tumor-associated hCA IX and XII. Some of the newly synthesised compounds showed effective inhibitory activities against these CA isozymes. Many low nanomolar inhibitors were detected against all isoforms among the secondary amines whereas the Schiff bases were by far less active compared to the corresponding reduced derivatives among all investigated isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Durgun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, 63190 Sanliurfa, Turkey.
| | - Hasan Turkmen
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, 63190 Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Mariangela Ceruso
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy; Università degli Studi di Firenze, Neurofarba Dept., Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
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181
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Grandane A, Tanc M, Žalubovskis R, Supuran CT. Synthesis of 6-aryl-substituted sulfocoumarins and investigation of their carbonic anhydrase inhibitory action. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:1430-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Molecules containing the sulfonamide group (R-SO2NH2) as well as its structurally related isosters, sulfamido (R-NH-SO2NH2) and sulfamato (R-O-SO2NH2), constitute the most important class of inhibitors acting on the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (EC 4.2.1.1). Despite their presence in the literature, in general the reports lack of a clear and organic overview linking the main structural features of the clinically used inhibitors with the therapeutic aspects. The current review is intended to highlight the structural basis of the interactions of sulfonamide-like groups within the active site of the carbonic anhydrases and will summarize the clinical use of the most interesting molecules for the treatment of relevant pathologies, such as glaucoma, obesity, cancer and CNS-affecting diseases.
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Palmer C, Supuran CT. A Key Opinion Leader interview: insight into the research and career of Prof. Claudiu T Supuran. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2015; 25:501-5. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2015.1027045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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184
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Singasane N, Kharkar PS, Ceruso M, Supuran CT, Toraskar MP. Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, IX and XII with Schiff’s bases incorporating iminoureido moieties. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015; 30:901-7. [PMID: 25744513 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2014.986118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Singasane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Prashant S. Kharkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPP School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS, Mumbai, India
| | - Mariangela Ceruso
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy, and
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy, and
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Mrunmayee P. Toraskar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India
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185
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Vullo D, De Luca V, Del Prete S, Carginale V, Scozzafava A, Capasso C, Supuran CT. Sulfonamide inhibition studies of the γ-carbonic anhydrase from the Antarctic cyanobacterium Nostoc commune. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:1728-34. [PMID: 25773015 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
A carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) belonging to the γ-class has been cloned, purified and characterized from the Antarctic cyanobacterium Nostoc commune. The enzyme showed a good catalytic activity for the physiologic reaction (hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and a proton) with the following kinetic parameters, kcat of 9.5×10(5)s(-1) and kcat/KM of 8.3×10(7)M(-1)s(-1), being the γ-CA with the highest catalytic activity described so far. A range of aromatic/heterocyclic sulfonamides and one sulfamate were investigated as inhibitors of the new enzyme, denominated here NcoCA. The best NcoCA inhibitors were some sulfonylated sulfanilamide derivatives possessing elongated molecules, aminobenzolamide, acetazolamide, benzolamide, dorzolamide, brinzolamide and topiramate, which showed inhibition constants in the range of 40.3-92.3nM. As 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO) and γ-CAs are closely associated in carboxysomes of cyanobacteria for enhancing the affinity of RubisCO for CO2 and the efficiency of photosynthesis, investigation of this new enzyme and its affinity for modulators of its activity may bring new insights in these crucial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Vullo
- Università degliStudi di Firenze, Dipartimento Di Chimica, Laboratorio di ChimicaBioinorganica, Polo Scientifico, Via della Lastruccia3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Viviana De Luca
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 81, Napoli, Italy
| | - Sonia Del Prete
- Università degliStudi di Firenze, Dipartimento Di Chimica, Laboratorio di ChimicaBioinorganica, Polo Scientifico, Via della Lastruccia3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 81, Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Carginale
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 81, Napoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Scozzafava
- Università degliStudi di Firenze, Dipartimento Di Chimica, Laboratorio di ChimicaBioinorganica, Polo Scientifico, Via della Lastruccia3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 81, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degliStudi di Firenze, Dipartimento Di Chimica, Laboratorio di ChimicaBioinorganica, Polo Scientifico, Via della Lastruccia3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; Università degliStudi di Firenze, DipartimentoNeurofarba, Sezione di ScienzeFarmaceutiche, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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186
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Carta F, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Pinard M, Ghelardini C, Scozzafava A, McKenna R, Supuran CT. A class of sulfonamide carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with neuropathic pain modulating effects. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:1828-40. [PMID: 25766630 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of benzene sulfonamide carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitors which incorporate lipophilic 4-alkoxy- and 4-aryloxy moieties, together with several derivatives of ethoxzolamide and sulfanilamide are reported. These derivatives were investigated as inhibitors of the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) of which multiple isoforms are known, and some appear to be involved in pain. These sulfonamides showed modest inhibition against the cytosolic isoform CA I, but were generally effective, low nanomolar CA II, VII, IX and XII inhibitors. X-ray crystallographic data for the adduct of several such sulfonamides with CA II allowed us to rationalize the good inhibition data. In a mice model of neuropathic pain induced by oxaliplatin, one of the strong CA II/VII inhibitors reported here induced a long lasting pain relieving effect, a fact never observed earlier. This is the first report of rationally designed sulfonamide CA inhibitors with pain effective modulating effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Carta
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Farmacologia, Viale G. Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Melissa Pinard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Box 100245, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Farmacologia, Viale G. Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Scozzafava
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Robert McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Box 100245, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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187
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Vullo D, Isik S, Bozdag M, Carta F, Supuran CT. 7-Amino-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-one, a compound similar to the substituted coumarins, inhibits α-carbonic anhydrases without hydrolysis of the lactam ring. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015; 30:773-7. [PMID: 25672528 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2014.970185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
7-Amino-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-one, a compound structurally similar to coumarins, recently discovered class of inhibitors of the α-carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) was investigated for its interaction with all human (h) CA isoforms, hCA I-XIV. The compound was not an inhibitor of the cytosolic, widespread isoform hCA II (K(I) > 10 µM), was a weak inhibitor of hCA I, III, IV, VA, VI and XIII (K(I)s in the range of 0.90-9.5 µM) but effectively inhibited the cytosolic isoform hCA VII (K(I) of 480 nM) as well as the transmembrane isoforms hCA IX, XII and XIV (K(I)s in the range of 16.1-510 nM). Against many CA isoforms this lactam was a better inhibitor compared to the structurally similar 4-methyl-7-aminocoumarin, but unlike this compound, the lactam ring was not hydrolyzed and the inhibition was due to the intact bicyclic amino-quinolinone scaffold. Bicyclic lactams strucurally related to coumarins are thus a new class of CA inhibitors possessing however a distinct inhibition mechanism compared to the coumarins which undergo a hydrolysis of their lactone ring for generating the enzyme inhibitory species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Vullo
- a Department of Chemistry "Ugo Shiff" , University of Florence , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
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188
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Bozdag M, Carta F, Vullo D, Isik S, AlOthman Z, Osman SM, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT. Dithiocarbamates with potent inhibitory activity against the Saccharomyces cerevisiae β-carbonic anhydrase. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015; 31:132-6. [PMID: 25669351 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2015.1010529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dithiocarbamates (DTCs) prepared from primary or secondary amines, which incorporated amino/hydroxyl-alkyl, mono-/bicyclic aliphatic/heterocyclic rings based on the quinuclidine, piperidine, hydroxy-/carboxy-/amino-substituted piperidine, morpholine and piperazine scaffolds, were investigated for the inhibition of α- and β-carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) of pharmacologic relevance, such as the human (h) isoform hCA I and II, as well as the Saccharomyces cerevisiae β-CA, scCA. The yeast and its β-CA were shown earlier to be useful models of pathogenic fungal infections. The DTCs investigated here were medium potency hCA I inhibitors (K(I)s of 66.5-910 nM), were more effective as hCA II inhibitors (K(I)s of 8.9-107 nM) and some of them showed excellent, low nanomolar activity against the yeast enzyme, with inhibition constants ranging between 6.4 and 259 nM. The detailed structure activity relationship for inhibition of the yeast and human enzymes is discussed. Several of the investigated DTCs showed excellent selectivity ratios for inhibiting the yeast over the human cytosolic CA isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Bozdag
- a Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Dipartimento di Chimica , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Florence , Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- a Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Dipartimento di Chimica , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Florence , Italy
| | - Daniela Vullo
- a Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Dipartimento di Chimica , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Florence , Italy
| | - Semra Isik
- a Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Dipartimento di Chimica , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Florence , Italy
| | - Zeid AlOthman
- b Department of Chemistry, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia , and
| | - Sameh M Osman
- b Department of Chemistry, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia , and
| | - Andrea Scozzafava
- a Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Dipartimento di Chimica , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Florence , Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- a Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Dipartimento di Chimica , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Florence , Italy .,c Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Dipartimento NEUROFARBA , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Florence , Italy
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189
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Weight regain after discontinuation of topiramate treatment in patients with migraine: a prospective observational study. CNS Drugs 2015; 29:163-9. [PMID: 25655110 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-015-0229-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To monitor weight regain after therapy discontinuation in patients with migraine experiencing weight loss during topiramate (TPM) treatment. METHODS Patients with migraine without aura were enrolled in this observational prospective study. Weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, plasma levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, leptin, and ghrelin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were evaluated before starting TPM (T1), at 3 (T2) and 6 (T3) months of treatment and 6 months after withdrawal of TPM (T4). Weight loss/regain was considered as a change of </>5% of pre-TPM body weight. RESULTS A total of 241 patients were analyzed. Of these, 87 (36%) patients experienced weight loss on TPM medication. During TPM therapy significant reductions in mean values of weight (p<0.001), BMI (p<0.001), waist circumference (p<0.01), HOMA-IR (p<0.01), and leptin (p<0.01) were observed. After TPM discontinuation, all of these parameters showed a clear trend to increase at T4, achieving pre-TPM values in 27 patients. Among potential predictors, only HOMA-IR before starting TPM (parameter estimate=1.36, effect size=0.75; p=0.006) was significantly associated with weight regain after therapy discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS Loss of body weight is a reversible effect, which at 6 months after TPM discontinuation shows a clear trend to return to baseline values. HOMA-IR is the only predictive factor of weight regain.
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190
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Rosner MH, Perazella MA, Choi MJ. American Society of Nephrology quiz and questionnaire 2014: acid-base and electrolyte disorders. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 10:530-9. [PMID: 25617429 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.10911114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Nephrology Quiz and Questionnaire remains an extremely popular session for attendees of the Annual Kidney Week Meeting of the American Society of Nephrology. Once again, in 2014 the conference hall was overflowing with audience members and eager quiz participants. Topics covered by the expert discussants included electrolyte and acid-base disorders, glomerular disease, ESRD/dialysis, and transplantation. Complex cases from each of these categories along with single-best-answer questions were prepared and submitted by the panel of experts. Before the meeting, program directors of United States nephrology training programs and nephrology fellows answered the questions using an Internet-based questionnaire. During the live session, members of the audience tested their knowledge and judgment on a series of case-oriented questions prepared and discussed by the experts. They compared their answers in real time using audience response devices with the answers of the nephrology fellows and training program directors. The correct and incorrect answers were then discussed after the audience responses and the results of the questionnaire were displayed. As always, the audience, lecturers, and moderators enjoyed this educational session. This article recapitulates the acid-base and electrolyte disorders portion of the session and reproduces its educational value for the readers of the Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. Enjoy the clinical cases and expert discussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell H Rosner
- Chairman, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia;
| | - Mark A Perazella
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Michael J Choi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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191
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Alterio V, Tanc M, Ivanova J, Zalubovskis R, Vozny I, Monti SM, Di Fiore A, De Simone G, Supuran CT. X-ray crystallographic and kinetic investigations of 6-sulfamoyl-saccharin as a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:4064-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02648a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sulfamoylated saccharin binds to human carbonic anhydrase II through the SO2NH2and not CONHSO2moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Alterio
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR
- 80134 Naples
- Italy
| | - M. Tanc
- Università degli Studi di Firenze
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica
- Rm 188
- and Neurofarba Department
- Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche
| | - J. Ivanova
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis
- Riga
- Latvia
| | | | - I. Vozny
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis
- Riga
- Latvia
| | - S. M. Monti
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR
- 80134 Naples
- Italy
| | - A. Di Fiore
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR
- 80134 Naples
- Italy
| | - G. De Simone
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR
- 80134 Naples
- Italy
| | - C. T. Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica
- Rm 188
- and Neurofarba Department
- Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche
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192
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Tanc M, Carta F, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT. 6-Substituted 1,2-benzoxathiine-2,2-dioxides are isoform-selective inhibitors of human carbonic anhydrases IX, XII and VA. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:77-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02155j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of 6-substituted 2-benzoxathiine-2,2-dioxides were synthesized starting from 2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, and then screened in vitro for their inhibition properties against five human carbonic anhydrase (hCA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Tanc
- Università degli Studi di Firenze
- NEUROFARBA Department
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence)
- Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Università degli Studi di Firenze
- Polo Scientifico
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence)
- Italy
| | - Andrea Scozzafava
- Università degli Studi di Firenze
- Polo Scientifico
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence)
- Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze
- NEUROFARBA Department
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence)
- Italy
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193
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Vullo D, Del Prete S, Fisher GM, Andrews KT, Poulsen SA, Capasso C, Supuran CT. Sulfonamide inhibition studies of the η-class carbonic anhydrase from the malaria pathogen Plasmodium falciparum. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 23:526-31. [PMID: 25533402 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The η-carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) were recently discovered as the sixth genetic class of this metalloenzyme superfamily, and are so far known only in protozoa, including various Plasmodium species, the causative agents of malaria. We report here an inhibition study of the η-CA from Plasmodium falciparum (PfCA) against a panel of sulfonamides and one sulfamate compound, some of which are clinically used. The strongest inhibitors identified were ethoxzolamide and sulthiame, with KIs of 131-132 nM, followed by acetazolamide, methazolamide and hydrochlorothiazide (KIs of 153-198 nM). Brinzolamide, topiramate, zonisamide, indisulam, valdecoxib and celecoxib also showed significant inhibitory action against PfCA, with KIs ranging from 217 to 308 nM. An interesting observation was that the more efficient PfCA inhibitors are representative of several scaffolds and chemical classes, including benzene sulfonamides, monocyclic/bicyclic heterocyclic sulfonamides and compounds with a more complex scaffold (i.e., the sugar sulfamate derivative, topiramate, and the coxibs, celecoxib and valdecoxib). A comprehensive inhibition study of small molecules for η-CAs is needed as a first step towards assessing PfCA as a druggable target. The present work identifies the first known η-CA inhibitors and provides a platform for the development of next generation novel PfCA inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Vullo
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Sonia Del Prete
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse (IBBR)-CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Gillian M Fisher
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Katherine T Andrews
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Sally-Ann Poulsen
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse (IBBR)-CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Polo Scientifico, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
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194
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Bozdag M, Pinard M, Carta F, Masini E, Scozzafava A, McKenna R, Supuran CT. A class of 4-sulfamoylphenyl-ω-aminoalkyl ethers with effective carbonic anhydrase inhibitory action and antiglaucoma effects. J Med Chem 2014; 57:9673-86. [PMID: 25358036 PMCID: PMC4255726 DOI: 10.1021/jm501497m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
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We
report a series of 4-sulfamoylphenyl-ω-aminoalkyl ethers
as carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitors. The structure–activity
relationship was drawn for the inhibition of four physiologically
relevant isoforms: hCA I, II, IX, and XII. Many of these compounds
were highly effective, low nanomolar inhibitors of all CA isoforms,
whereas several isoform-selective were also identified. X-ray crystal
structures of two new sulfonamides bound to the physiologically dominant
CA II isoform showed the tails of these derivatives bound within the
hydrophobic half of the enzyme active site through van der Waals contacts
with Val135, Leu198, Leu204, Trp209, Pro201, and Pro202 amino acids.
One of the highly water-soluble compound (as trifluoroacetate salt)
showed effective IOP lowering properties in an animal model of glaucoma.
Several fluorescent sulfonamides incorporating either the fluorescein-thiourea
(7a–c) or tetramethylrhodamine-thiourea
(9a,b) moieties were also obtained and showed
interesting CA inhibitory properties for the tumor-associated isoforms
CA IX and XII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Bozdag
- Polo Scientifico, Neurofarba Department and Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm 188, Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
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Sarikaya B, Ceruso M, Carta F, Supuran CT. Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, IX and XII with novel Schiff bases: Identification of selective inhibitors for the tumor-associated isoforms over the cytosolic ones. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:5883-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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196
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Abdel-Aziz AAM, El-Azab AS, Ceruso M, Supuran CT. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activity of sulfonamides and carboxylic acids incorporating cyclic imide scaffolds. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:5185-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.09.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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197
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Bozdag M, Ferraroni M, Carta F, Vullo D, Lucarini L, Orlandini E, Rossello A, Nuti E, Scozzafava A, Masini E, Supuran CT. Structural Insights on Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitory Action, Isoform Selectivity, and Potency of Sulfonamides and Coumarins Incorporating Arylsulfonylureido Groups. J Med Chem 2014; 57:9152-67. [DOI: 10.1021/jm501314c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Bozdag
- Laboratorio di Chimica
Bioinorganica, Polo Scientifico, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Marta Ferraroni
- Laboratorio di Chimica
Bioinorganica, Polo Scientifico, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Laboratorio di Chimica
Bioinorganica, Polo Scientifico, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Laboratorio di Chimica
Bioinorganica, Polo Scientifico, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Lucarini
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze,
Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino (NEUROFARBA), Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | | | - Armando Rossello
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno,
6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Nuti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno,
6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Scozzafava
- Laboratorio di Chimica
Bioinorganica, Polo Scientifico, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Emanuela Masini
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze,
Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino (NEUROFARBA), Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Laboratorio di Chimica
Bioinorganica, Polo Scientifico, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
- Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Dipartimento
di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino
(NEUROFARBA), Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff
6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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198
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Sulfa drugs as inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase: new targets for the old drugs. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:162928. [PMID: 25538942 PMCID: PMC4241293 DOI: 10.1155/2014/162928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Sulfa drugs are well-known antibacterial agents containing N-substituted sulfonamide group on para position of aniline ring (NH2RSO2NHR′). In this study 2,4-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine derivatives of sulfa drugs, sulfamerazine (1b), sulfaquinoxaline (2b), sulfadiazine (3b), sulfadimidine (4b), and sulfachloropyrazine (5b) (1a–5a) were synthesized and characterized. Their carbonic anhydrase inhibition activity was evaluated against bovine cytosolic carbonic anhydrase isozyme II (bCA II). For the sake of comparison the CA inhibition activity of the parent sulfa drugs (1b–5b) was also evaluated. A significant increase in CA inhibition activity of sulfa drugs was observed upon substitution with 2,4-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine moiety. Molecular docking studies were carried out to highlight binding site interactions. ADME properties were calculated to evaluate drug likeness of the compounds.
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199
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Alafeefy AM, Ceruso M, Al-Tamimi AMS, Del Prete S, Capasso C, Supuran CT. Quinazoline-sulfonamides with potent inhibitory activity against the α-carbonic anhydrase from Vibrio cholerae. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:5133-40. [PMID: 25194929 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Thirteen novel sulfonamide derivatives incorporating the quinazoline scaffold were synthesized by simple, eco-friendly procedures. These compounds were tested for their ability to inhibit the α-carbonic anhydrases (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) from Vibrio cholerae (VchCA) as well as the human α-CA isoforms, hCA I and hCA II. Nine compounds were highly effective, nanomolar inhibitors of the pathogenic enzyme VchCA. Three of them were also highly effective sub-nanomolar inhibitors of the cytosolic isoform II. The best VchCA inhibitor had a KI of 2.7 nM. Many of these developed compounds showed high selectivity for inhibition of the bacterial over the mammalian CA isoforms, with one compound possessing selectivity ratios as high as 97.9 against hCA I and 9.7 against hCA II. Compound 9d was another highly effective VchCA inhibitor presenting a selectivity ratio of 99.1 and 8.1 against hCA I and hCA II, respectively. These results suggest that sulfonamides with quinazoline backbone could be considered suitable tools to better understand the role of bacterial CAs in pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Alafeefy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Salman Bin Abdulaziz University, PO Box 173, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mariangela Ceruso
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Chimica, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, I 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Abdul-Malek S Al-Tamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Salman Bin Abdulaziz University, PO Box 173, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sonia Del Prete
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Chimica, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, I 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy; Università degli Studi di Firenze, Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
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200
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Pichake J, Kharkar PS, Ceruso M, Supuran CT, Toraskar MP. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel sulfonyl semicarbazide derivatives. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:793-6. [PMID: 25050167 DOI: 10.1021/ml500140t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of novel sulfonyl semicarbazides 5-13 was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) inhibition. The new sulfonyl semicarbazides were tested against a panel of hCA isoforms I, II, IX, and XII, using acetazolamide (AZA, 1) as standard. All the sulfonyl semicarbazides showed subnanomolar affinity for hCA XII (pK i range 0.59-0.79 nM) and high selectivity over hCA I (58-114-fold) and hCA IX (26-114-fold) compared to hCA II (5-20-fold except 11, 121-fold). The importance of the nature of para-substitution on the sulfonyl substituted aromatic ring for potency and selectivity against one hCA isoform versus others is discussed. Overall, the research work led to the development of highly potent and selective hCA inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayashree Pichake
- Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai 400 614, India
| | - Prashant S. Kharkar
- SPP School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’s
NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai 400 056, India
| | - Mariangela Ceruso
- Neurofarba
Dept., Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Neurofarba
Dept., Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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