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Huang KS, Wang YT, Byadgi O, Huang TY, Tai MH, Shaw JF, Yang CH. Screening of Specific and Common Pathways in Breast Cancer Cell Lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 Treated with Chlorophyllides Composites. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123950. [PMID: 35745070 PMCID: PMC9229827 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Our previous findings have shown that the chlorophyllides composites have anticancer activities to breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). In the present study, microarray gene expression profiling was utilized to investigate the chlorophyllides anticancer mechanism on the breast cancer cells lines. Results showed that chlorophyllides composites induced upregulation of 43 and 56 differentially expressed genes (DEG) in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively. In both cell lines, chlorophyllides composites modulated the expression of annexin A4 (ANXA4), chemokine C-C motif receptor 1 (CCR1), stromal interaction molecule 2 (STIM2), ethanolamine kinase 1 (ETNK1) and member of RAS oncogene family (RAP2B). Further, the KEGG annotation revealed that chlorophyllides composites modulated DEGs that are associated with the endocrine system in MCF-7 cells and with the nervous system in MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively. The expression levels of 9 genes were validated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). The expression of CCR1, STIM2, ETNK1, MAGl1 and TOP2A were upregulated in both chlorophyllides composites treated-MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. The different expression of NLRC5, SLC7A7 and PKN1 provided valuable information for future investigation and development of novel cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng-Shiang Huang
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, No. 8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Ting Wang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, No. 8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan; (Y.-T.W.); (T.-Y.H.); (M.-H.T.)
| | - Omkar Byadgi
- International College, International Program in Ornamental Fish Technology and Aquatic Animal Health, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Shuefu Road, Neipu, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan;
| | - Ting-Yu Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, No. 8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan; (Y.-T.W.); (T.-Y.H.); (M.-H.T.)
| | - Mi-Hsueh Tai
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, No. 8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan; (Y.-T.W.); (T.-Y.H.); (M.-H.T.)
| | - Jei-Fu Shaw
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, No. 8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan; (Y.-T.W.); (T.-Y.H.); (M.-H.T.)
- Correspondence: (J.-F.S.); (C.-H.Y.); Tel.: +886-7-6151100 (ext. 7310) (J.-F.S.); +886-7-6151100 (ext. 7312) (C.-H.Y.); Fax: +886-7-6151959 (J.-F.S. & C.-H.Y.)
| | - Chih-Hui Yang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, No. 8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan; (Y.-T.W.); (T.-Y.H.); (M.-H.T.)
- Pharmacy Department, E-Da Hospital, No. 1, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
- Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taipei City 106214, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-F.S.); (C.-H.Y.); Tel.: +886-7-6151100 (ext. 7310) (J.-F.S.); +886-7-6151100 (ext. 7312) (C.-H.Y.); Fax: +886-7-6151959 (J.-F.S. & C.-H.Y.)
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Impairment of Ribosome Biogenesis Mediate the Apoptosis Induced by Ocimum x africanum Essential Oil in a Human Gastric Cancer Cell Line. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58060799. [PMID: 35744062 PMCID: PMC9227199 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Gastric cancer remains a major unmet clinical problem worldwide. Although conventional medical treatments are available, their curative effects are generally unsatisfactory. Consequently, it remains necessary to search natural products for potential alternatives in treating gastric cancer patients. Ocimum x africanum Lour. is a culinary herb that has been used in folk medicine for various diseases, but little is known regarding its anti-cancer activity against gastric cancer cells. In the current study, we focus on the anti-cancer mechanisms of O. x africanum essential oil (OAEO) in the AGS human gastric cancer cell line. Materials and Methods: After OAEO treatment, AGS cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. Cell migration and apoptotic nuclear morphology were determined by wound-healing assay and DAPI staining, respectively. Gene expression levels of apoptosis-related genes were quantified by qRT–PCR. Differential protein expression was determined with an LC–MS/MS-based proteomics approach to identify the key proteins that may be important in the anti-cancer mechanisms of OAEO on AGS cells. The chemical constituents of OAEO were identified by GC–MS analysis. Results: We found OAEO to exhibit a potent growth-inhibiting effect on AGS cells, with an IC50 value of 42.73 µg/mL. After OAEO treatment for 24 h, AGS cell migration was significantly decreased relative to the untreated control. OAEO-treated AGS cells exhibited common features of apoptotic cell death, including cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, and nuclear fragmentation. Apoptotic cell death was confirmed by qRT–PCR for apoptosis-related genes, revealing that OAEO decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic genes (BCL2 and BCL-xL) and activated pro-apoptotic genes and apoptotic caspase genes (TP53, BAX, CASP9, CASP12, and CASP3). Moreover, expression of CASP8 was not changed after treatment. Proteomic analysis revealed that OAEO may produce a signature effect on protein clusters relating to unfolded protein accumulation, thereby inducing severe ER stress and also impairing ribosome synthesis. STRING analysis revealed seven up-regulated and 11 down-regulated proteins, which were significantly associated with protein folding and ribosome biogenesis, respectively. Using GC–MS analysis, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, citral, neral, and linalool were found to be the major chemical constituents in OAEO. Conclusions: Taken together, these results indicate that OAEO has a potential anti-proliferative effect on AGS cells. Our molecular findings show evidence supporting an important role of ER stress and ribosome biogenesis impairment in mediating the induction of cell death by OAEO through the mitochondrial-apoptotic pathway. This study, therefore, provides fundamental knowledge for future applications using OAEO as an alternative therapy in gastric cancer management.
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Park MN, Um ES, Rahman MA, Kim JW, Park SS, Cho Y, Song H, Son SR, Jang DS, Kim W, Shim BS, Kim KI, Jang E, Kim B, Kim Y. Leonurus japonicus Houttuyn induces reactive oxygen species-mediated apoptosis via regulation of miR-19a-3p/PTEN/PI3K/AKT in U937 and THP-1 cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 291:115129. [PMID: 35217209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Leonurus japonicus Houttuyn is a medicinal ingredient in more than 300 prescriptions in traditional Korean medicine. It is especially important for women's health and blood-related diseases. Recent research revealed that Leonurus japonicus Houttuyn extracts have antioxidative, anticancer, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. AIM OF THE STUDY However, its underlying anti-cancerous mechanisms remain unclear. This study elucidated the anticancer mechanism of Leonurus japonicus Houttuyn in U937 and THP-1 cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for detecting main compound of Leonurus japonicus Houttuyn, rutin. EZ-Cytox cell viability assay, Western blot analysis, live and dead cell assay, 2', 7' dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA) assay, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis, and microRNA (miR) mimic transfection assay were applied to further investigate anti-cancer efficacies and underlying mechanism in U937 and THP-1 cells. RESULTS The main compound of Leonurus japonicus Houttuyn, rutin was detected using HPLC. The cytotoxic effect of Leonurus japonicus Houttuyn was exerted in U937 and THP-1 cancer cells but not in MDBK and IEC-6 normal cells. Leonurus japonicus Houttuyn decreased mitochondria membrane potential (ΔΨm). Consistently, Leonurus japonicus Houttuyn reduced the expression of survivin and cleaved caspase-9, caspase-3, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Cell death was increased in Leonurus japonicus Houttuyn treated groups. Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) was increased and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and Protein kinase B (AKT) were decreased by Leonurus japonicus Houttuyn. Reactive oxygen speices generation was elevated by Leonurus japonicus Houttuyn and its cytotoxicity was reversed by N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) pretreatment. Moreover, onco-microRNA (miR), miR-19a-3p was suppressed by Leonurus japonicus Houttuyn and transfection of miR-19a-3p mimic reversed the regulated PTEN, p-AKT, CHOP expression, attenuating Leonurus japonicus Houttuyn induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicated that Leonurus japonicus Houttuyn has anti-cancer effects by regulation of PTEN/PI3K/AKT signal pathway and ROS-related ER stress-induced apoptosis via regulation of miR-19a-3p. Leonurus japonicus Houttuyn may be an effective candidate for triggering PTEN-dependent apoptosis of cancer cells related to acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Nyeo Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul, 05253, Republic of Korea; Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul, 05253, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Sik Um
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Md Ataur Rahman
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul, 05253, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Woo Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul, 05253, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Se Sun Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul, 05253, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yongmin Cho
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul, 05253, Republic of Korea; Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul, 05253, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hangyul Song
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul, 05253, Republic of Korea.
| | - So-Ri Son
- Collage of Science in Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul, 05253, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Collage of Science in Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul, 05253, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woojin Kim
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul, 05253, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bum-Sang Shim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul, 05253, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwan-Il Kim
- Division of Allergy, Immune and Respiratory System, Department of Internal Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eungyeong Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bonglee Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul, 05253, Republic of Korea; Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul, 05253, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youngchul Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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154
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Zhang X, Xu P, Lin B, Deng X, Zhu J, Chen X, Liu S, Li R, Wang N, Chen L. Chimonanthus salicifolius attenuated vascular remodeling by alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Food Funct 2022; 13:6293-6305. [PMID: 35611700 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04381a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chimonanthus salicifolius (CS), the leaves of Chimonanthus salicifolius S. Y. Hu., is an effective tea to prevent and treat hypertension in China. This study aimed to explore the effect and mechanism of CS in the protection against vascular remodeling in hypertension. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were orally administered with aqueous extracts of CS for 6 months. The blood pressure and morphological changes of the aorta were measured. Their mechanisms were studied by combining chemical identification, network pharmacology analysis and validation in vivo. Hypertensive rats showed an impaired vascular structure and dyslipidemia as illustrated by the increase of the vascular media thickness and collagen deposition in the aorta. CS treatment exhibited significant beneficial effects on blood pressure control and aortal morphology. A total of 21 compounds from CS were identified, which were linked to 106 corresponding targeted genes for vascular remodeling. The network pharmacology predicted that CS prevented vascular remodeling through the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. The in vivo experiments further showed that CS treatment upregulated Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 and downregulated CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein at both mRNA and protein levels, paralleling reduced apoptotic cells in the arterial wall. Additionally, CS diminished the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, total cholesterol contents and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios in the sera of SHRs, which might also contribute to its protection of vessels. Collectively, CS protects against vascular modeling by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress-related apoptosis in hypertension, and it could be a potential agent for the prevention and treatment of vascular modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Lishui hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, China.
| | - Pingcui Xu
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310007, China.
| | - Bingfeng Lin
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310007, China.
| | - Xuehui Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310007, China.
| | - Jiazhen Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310007, China.
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Lishui hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, China.
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Lishui hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, China.
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Lishui hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, China.
| | - Nani Wang
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310007, China. .,School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310007, China.
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Lishui hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, China. .,School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310007, China.
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155
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New Achievements for the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12115554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) constitutes a heterogeneous group of malignancies that are often aggressive and associated with a poor prognosis. The development of new TNBC treatment strategies has become an urgent clinical need. Diagnosis and subtyping of TNBC are essential to establish alternative treatments and targeted therapies for every TNBC patient. Chemotherapy, particularly with anthracycline and taxanes, remains the backbone for medical management for both early and metastatic TNBC. More recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy have revolutionized cancer treatment. Included in the different strategies studied for TNBC treatment is drug repurposing. Despite the numerous medications available, numerous studies in medicinal chemistry are still aimed at the synthesis of new compounds in order to find new antiproliferative agents capable of treating TNBC. Additionally, some supplemental micronutrients, nutraceuticals and functional foods can potentially reduce the risk of developing cancer or can retard the rate of growth and metastases of established malignant diseases. Finally, nanotechnology in medicine, termed nanomedicines, introduces nanoparticles of variable chemistry and architecture for cancer treatment. This review highlights the most recent studies in search of new therapies for the treatment of TNBC, along with nutraceuticals and repositioning of drugs.
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156
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Shen J, Wang L, Wang X, Xie J, Yao T, Yu Y, Wang Q, Ding Z, Zhang J, Zhang M, Xu L. Cypermethrin induces apoptosis of Sertoli cells through the endoplasmic reticulum pathway. Toxicol Ind Health 2022; 38:399-407. [PMID: 35610186 DOI: 10.1177/07482337221104905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cypermethrin, an extensively used pyrethroid pesticide, is regarded as one of many endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with anti-androgenic activity to damage male reproductive systems. We previously found cypermethrin-induced apoptosis in mouse Sertoli cells TM4. We hypothesized cypermethrin-induced TM4 apoptosis by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) pathway. This study aimed to explore the roles of the ER pathway in cypermethrin-induced apoptosis in TM4 cells. The cells were treated with cypermethrin for 24 h at various concentrations (0 µM, 10 µM, 20 µM, 40 µM, and 80 µM). Flow cytometry was used to test for apoptosis. Western blot was used to test protein expressions in the ER stress pathway. The results showed that the apoptosis rate of TM4 cells increased with increased concentrations of cypermethrin, and a significant difference was detected in the 80-μM group. The protein expressions of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), protein kinase R (PKR)-like ER kinase (PERK), p-PERK, α subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF2α), p-eIF2α, activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), caspase-12, caspase-9, and caspase-3 increased with increased concentrations of cypermethrin . The results suggested cypermethrin-induced apoptosis in TM4 cells regulated by the ER pathway involving PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP. The study provides a new insight into cypermethrin-induced apoptosis in Sertoli cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Shen
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, 38044Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lushan Wang
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, 38044Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xuxu Wang
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, 38044Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiafei Xie
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, 38044Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tingting Yao
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, 38044Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, 38044Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, 38044Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhen Ding
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, 38044Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhang
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, 38044Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Meirong Zhang
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, 38044Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lichun Xu
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, 38044Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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157
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Crassolide Induces G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis, and Autophagy in Human Lung Cancer Cells via ROS-Mediated ER Stress Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105624. [PMID: 35628435 PMCID: PMC9144222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Crassolide, a cembranoid diterpene extracted from the soft coral Lobophytum crissum, has been proven to possess antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. In the present study, we assessed the anticancer effects of crassolide on human H460 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We found that crassolide exerted cytotoxic effects on H460 cancer cells in vitro, inducing G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. In addition, in H460 cells exposed to crassolide, the expression of the autophagy-related proteins LC3-II and beclin was increased, while the expression of p62 was decreased. Moreover, inhibiting autophagy with chloroquine (CQ) suppressed the crassolide-induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis of H460 cells. Moreover, we also found that crassolide induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in lung cancer cells by increasing the expression of ER stress marker proteins and that the crassolide-induced G2/M arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy were markedly attenuated by the ER stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA). Furthermore, we found that crassolide promoted reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by H460 cells and that the ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine (NAC) decreased the crassolide-induced ER stress, G2/M arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy. In conclusion, our findings show that crassolide inhibits NSCLC cell malignant biological behaviors for the first time, suggesting that this effect may be mechanistically achieved by inducing G2/M arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy through ROS accumulation, which activates the ER stress pathway. As a result of our findings, we now have a better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the anticancer effect of crassolide, and we believe crassolide might be a candidate for targeted cancer therapy.
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158
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Chota A, George BP, Abrahamse H. Dicoma anomala Enhances Phthalocyanine Mediated Photodynamic Therapy in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:892490. [PMID: 35559263 PMCID: PMC9086192 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.892490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in women, and it is regarded as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The present study investigated phytochemical profiling, in vitro anticancer effects of Dicoma anomala methanol root extract and its enhancing effects in phthalocyanine mediated PDT on MCF-7 (ATCC® HTB-22™) breast cancer cells. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-qTOF-MS2) was used to identify the secondary metabolites in the crude extract. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the two experimental models was established from dose response studies 24 h post-treatment with D. anomala methanol root extract (25, 50, and 100 μg/ml) and ZnPcS4 (5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 μM) mediated PDT. The inverted microscope was used to analyze morphological changes, trypan blue exclusion assay for viability, and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-propidium iodide (PI) for cell death mechanisms. Immunofluorescence analysis was used to investigate the qualitative expression of the Bax, p53, and caspase 3 apoptotic proteins. Experiments were performed 4 times (n = 4) and SPSS version 27 software was used to analyze statistical significances. D. anomala methanol root extract induced cell death in MCF-7 cells by decreasing cell viability. The combination of D. anomala methanol root extract and ZnPcS4 mediated PDT led to a significant increase in apoptotic activities, expression of Bax, and p53 with significant decrease in cell viability. These findings pinpoint the possibility of D. anomala methanol root extract of being employed as a natural antiproliferative agent in the treatment of various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Chota
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Blassan P George
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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159
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Yu CL, Lee HL, Yang SF, Wang SW, Lin CP, Hsieh YH, Chiou HL. Protodioscin Induces Mitochondrial Apoptosis of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Through Eliciting ER Stress-Mediated IP3R Targeting Mfn1/Bak Expression. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2022; 9:327-341. [PMID: 35496076 PMCID: PMC9049873 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s355027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Protodioscin (PD), a steroidal saponin, has a diverse pharmacological activity including neuroprotection, male fertility improvement, and cytotoxicity against various cancers cell lines of different origins. However, the effect of PD on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unclear. Methods Cell viability, colony formation and flow cytometry analysis for apoptosis profile, mitochondrial membrane potential endoplasmic reticulum (ER) expansion were employed to determine the effect of PD against HCC cells. Transient transfection of siRNA, immunofluorescent imaging and immunoprecipitation were used to elucidate the anti-cancer mechanism of PD. The in vivo toxicity and efficacy of PD were assessed by a xenograft mouse model. Results PD induced apoptosis, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and ER expansion in HCC cells. Either downregulation of Mfn1 or Bak reversed PD-induced apoptosis and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Further analysis revealed that Mfn1 and Bak will form a complex with IP3R to facilitate the transfer of Ca2+ from ER to mitochondria and apoptosis. In addition, our tumour xenograft model further verifies the in vivo anti-tumour effect of PD. Conclusion Our study sheds light on the understanding of the anti-HCC effects of PD and may open new aspects for the development of novel treatment for human hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Lin Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Lin Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Pin Lin
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Correspondence: Yi-Hsien Hsieh; Hui-Ling Chiou, Tel +886-4-2473-0022, Fax +886-4- 2472-3229, Email ;
| | - Hui-Ling Chiou
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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160
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Park MN, Jeon HW, Rahman MA, Park SS, Jeong SY, Kim KH, Kim SH, Kim W, Kim B. Daemonorops draco Blume Induces Apoptosis Against Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells via Regulation of the miR-216b/c-Jun. Front Oncol 2022; 12:808174. [PMID: 35356209 PMCID: PMC8959842 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.808174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Daemonorops draco Blume (DD), also called dragon’s blood, has been used as a traditional Korean medicine, especially for relieving pain caused by wound infection. Recently, it has been described that DD has antibacterial and analgesic effects. In this study, the underlying anticancer effect of DD associated with apoptosis was investigated in acute myeloid leukemia cell lines U937 and THP-1. DD exhibited cytotoxic effects and induced apoptosis in U937 and THP-1 cells. Moreover, DD treatment significantly reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ). The protein expression of cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, cleaved caspase-3, p-H2A.X, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (CHOP), and activating transcription factor 4 was upregulated by DD treatment. Consistently, DD-treated cells had increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in a concentration-dependent manner via miR-216b activation in association with c-Jun inhibition. N-acetyl-L-cysteine pretreatment reversed the cytotoxic effect of DD treatment as well as prevented ROS accumulation. Collectively, the results of this study suggest that the anticancer effect of DD in AML was mediated by CHOP-dependent apoptosis along with ROS accumulation and included upregulation of miR-216b followed by a decrease in c-Jun.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Nyeo Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Won Jeon
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Md Ataur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se Sun Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se Yun Jeong
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woojin Kim
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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161
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Jin Y, Huynh DTN, Heo KS. Ginsenoside Rh1 inhibits tumor growth in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells via mitochondrial ROS and ER stress-mediated signaling pathway. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:174-184. [PMID: 35325393 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01377-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ginsenoside-Rh1 (Rh1) is a ginseng-derived compound that has been reported to exert anticancer effects by regulating cell cycle arrest and apoptosis according to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, the effects of Rh1 on mitochondrial dysfunction are involved in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell apoptosis, and the related molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Rh1 treatment induced cell toxicity less than 50% at 50 μM. In addition, Rh1 induced apoptosis in TNBC cells through cleaved caspase-3 activation and G1/S arrest. The Rh1-treated TNBC cells showed a significant increase in mitochondrial ROS (mtROS), which in turn increased protein expression of mitochondrial molecules, such as Bak and cytochrome C, and caused the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Pretreatment with mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mito-TEMPO alters the Rh1-reduced rate of mito- and glycol-ATP. Furthermore, Rh1 induces ER stress-mediated calcium accumulation via PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP pathway. Inhibition of ATF4 by siRNA transfection significantly inhibited Rh1-mediated apoptosis and calcium production. Interestingly, Mito-TEMPO treatment significantly reduced apoptosis and ER stress induced by Rh1. Finally, Rh1 at 5 mg/kg suppressed tumor growth through increased levels of ROS production, cleaved caspase-3, and ATF4 more than 5-fluorouracil treated group. Overall, our results suggest that Rh1 has potential for use in TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Diem Thi Ngoc Huynh
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Heo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea.
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162
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ER-phagy in the Occurrence and Development of Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030707. [PMID: 35327508 PMCID: PMC8945671 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As an organelle, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is closely related to protein synthesis and modification. When physiological or pathological stimuli induce disorders of ER function, misfolded proteins trigger ER-phagy, which is beneficial for restoring cell homeostasis or promoting cell apoptosis. As a double-edged sword, ER-phagy actively participates in various stages of development and progression in tumor cells, regulating tumorigenesis and maintaining tumor cell homeostasis. Through the unfolded protein response (UPR), the B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) protein family, the Caspase signaling pathway, and others, ER-phagy plays an initiating role in tumor occurrence, migration, stemness, and proliferation. At the same time, many vital proteins strongly associated with ER-phagy, such as family with sequence similarity 134 member B (FAM134B), translocation protein SEC62 (SEC62), and C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP), can produce a marked effect in many complex environments, which ultimately lead to entirely different tumor fates. Our article comprehensively focused on introducing the relationship and interaction between ER-phagy and cancers, as well as their molecular mechanism and regulatory pathways. Via these analyses, we tried to clarify the possibility of ER-phagy as a potential target for cancer therapy and provide ideas for further research.
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163
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Zhu SS, Zhang YF, Ding M, Zeng KW, Tu PF, Jiang Y. Anti-Neuroinflammatory Components from Clausena lenis Drake. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061971. [PMID: 35335333 PMCID: PMC8951546 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Clausena lenis Drake (C. lenis) is a folk medicinal herb to treat influenza, colds, bronchitis, and malaria. The 95% and 50% ethanol extract of C. lenis showed significant nitric oxide (NO) inhibition activity in BV-2 microglial cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Bio-guided isolation of the active extract afforded five new compounds, including a chlorine-containing furoquinoline racemate, (±)-claulenine A (1), an amide alkaloid, claulenine B (2), a prenylated coumarin, claulenin A (3), a furocoumarin glucoside, clauleside A (4), and a multi-prenylated p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, claulenin B (5), along with 33 known ones. Their structures were determined via spectroscopic methods, and the absolute configurations of new compounds were assigned via the electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compounds 2, 23, 27, 28, 33, and 34 showed potent anti-neuroinflammatory effects on LPS-induced NO production in BV-2 microglial cells, with IC50 values in the range of 17.6–40.9 μM. The possible mechanism was deduced to interact with iNOS through molecular docking.
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164
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The Role of Bioactive Compounds in Natural Products Extracted from Plants in Cancer Treatment and Their Mechanisms Related to Anticancer Effects. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1429869. [PMID: 35211240 PMCID: PMC8863487 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1429869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the greatest causes of death worldwide. With the development of surgery, radiotherapy, and medical agents, the outcomes of cancer patients have greatly improved. However, the underlying mechanisms of cancer are not yet fully understood. Recently, natural products have been proven to be beneficial for various conditions and have played important roles in the development of novel therapies. A substantial amount of evidence indicates that bioactive compounds could improve the outcomes of cancer patients via various pathways, such as endoplasmic reticulum stress, epigenetic modification, and modulation of oxidative stress. Here, we review the current evidence of bioactive compounds in natural products for the treatment of cancer and summarize the underlying mechanisms in this pathological process.
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165
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In Silico Evaluation of a Promising Key Intermediate Thieno [2,3-d] Pyrimidine Derivative with Expected JAK2 Kinase Inhibitory Activity. MOLBANK 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/m1352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This work describes the synthesis and the cytotoxic evaluation of thiophene and thienopyrimidine derivatives. The investigated compound was subjected to target prediction that indicated its high affinity to kinases and to Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) specifically. Molecular docking screening was performed on three different JAK2 proteins downloaded from the Protein Data Bank (PDB: 5AEP, 4C62 and 3ZMM). In vitro kinase inhibitory activity was evaluated and then compound cytotoxicity was performed on three different cancerous cell lines (HT-29, HepG-2, and MCF-7). Marked cytotoxic activity of the thienopyrimidine derivative against the HepG-2 cell line was demonstrated, reflected by its IC50 value of 8.001 ± 0.0445 μM, which is better than that of the reference standard (IC50 13.91 ± 2.170 μM). Pharmacokinetic studies revealed good well permeability and GI absorption with no violations against Lipinski’s rule.
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166
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Conod A, Silvano M, Ruiz I Altaba A. On the origin of metastases: Induction of pro-metastatic states after impending cell death via ER stress, reprogramming, and a cytokine storm. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110490. [PMID: 35263600 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
How metastatic cells arise is unclear. Here, we search for the induction of recently characterized pro-metastatic states as a surrogate for the origin of metastasis. Since cell-death-inducing therapies can paradoxically promote metastasis, we ask if such treatments induce pro-metastatic states in human colon cancer cells. We find that post-near-death cells acquire pro-metastatic states (PAMEs) and form distant metastases in vivo. These PAME ("let's go" in Greek) cells exhibit a multifactorial cytokine storm as well as signs of enhanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and nuclear reprogramming, requiring CXCL8, INSL4, IL32, PERK-CHOP, and NANOG. PAMEs induce neighboring tumor cells to become PAME-induced migratory cells (PIMs): highly migratory cells that re-enact the storm and enhance PAME migration. Metastases are thus proposed to originate from the induction of pro-metastatic states through intrinsic and extrinsic cues in a pro-metastatic tumoral ecosystem, driven by an impending cell-death experience involving ER stress modulation, metastatic reprogramming, and paracrine recruitment via a cytokine storm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwen Conod
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marianna Silvano
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ariel Ruiz I Altaba
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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167
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Park MN, Park H, Rahman MA, Kim JW, Park SS, Cho Y, Choi J, Son SR, Jang DS, Shim BS, Kim SH, Ko SG, Cheon C, Kim B. BK002 Induces miR-192-5p-Mediated Apoptosis in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells via Modulation of PI3K/CHOP. Front Oncol 2022; 12:791365. [PMID: 35321434 PMCID: PMC8936126 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.791365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BK002 consists of Achyranthes japonica Nakai (AJN) and Melandrium firmum Rohrbach (MFR) that have been used as herbal medicines in China and Korea. AJN and MFR have been reported to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-cancer activities, although the synergistic targeting multiple anti-cancer mechanism in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) has not been well reported. However, the drug resistance and transition to the androgen-independent state of prostate cancer contributing to CRPC is not well studied. Here, we reported that BK002 exerted cytotoxicity and apoptosis in CRPC PC3 cell lines and prostate cancer DU145 cell lines examined by cytotoxicity, western blot, a LIVE/DEAD cell imaging assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and transfection assays. The results from our investigation found that BK002 showed more cellular cytotoxicity than AJN and MFR alone, suggesting that BK002 exhibited potential cytotoxic properties. Consistently, BK002 increased DNA damage, and activated p-γH2A.X and depletion of survivin-activated ubiquitination of pro-PARP, caspase9, and caspase3. Notably, live cell imaging using confocal microscopy found that BK002 effectively increased DNA-binding red fluorescent intensity in PC3 and DU145 cells. Also, BK002 increased the anti-proliferative effect with activation of the C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and significantly attenuated PI3K/AKT expression. Notably, BK002-treated cells increased ROS generation and co-treatment of N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), an ROS inhibitor, significantly preventing ROS production and cellular cytotoxicity, suggesting that ROS production is essential for initiating apoptosis in PC3 and DU145 cells. In addition, we found that BK002 significantly enhanced miR-192-5p expression, and co-treatment with BK002 and miR-192-5p inhibitor significantly reduced miR-192-5p expression and cellular viability in PC3 and DU145 cells, indicating modulation of miR-192-5p mediated apoptosis. Finally, we found that BK002-mediated CHOP upregulation and PI3K downregulation were significantly reduced and restrained by miR-192-5p inhibitor respectively, suggesting that the anti-cancer effect of BK002 is associated with the miR-192-5p/PI3K/CHOP pathway. Therefore, our study reveals that a combination of AJN and MFR might be more effective than single treatment against apoptotic activities of both CRPC cells and prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Nyeo Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunmin Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Md. Ataur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Woo Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Sun Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongmin Cho
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwon Choi
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ri Son
- Collage of Science in Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Collage of Science in Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Sang Shim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chunhoo Cheon
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Bonglee Kim,
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168
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Fu Q, Zhou S, Yu M, Lu Y, He G, Huang X, Huang Y. Portulaca oleracea Polysaccharides Modulate Intestinal Microflora in Aged Rats in vitro. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:841397. [PMID: 35308364 PMCID: PMC8931684 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.841397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the effect of Portulaca oleracea polysaccharides (POP) in regulating intestinal microflora in aged rats in vitro, its intestinal microbial composition was analyzed by 16 S rDNA high-throughput sequencing, and the level of short-chain fatty acids in fermentation broth was determined by LC-MS. POP significantly upregulated the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Eggerthella, and Paraprevotella and significantly downregulated Escherichia_Shigella, Bacteroides, and Eubacterium nodatum groups. The pH value and ammonia nitrogen level decreased significantly in the POP-treated group, resulting in a more short-chain fatty acid consumption which changed the acid-base environment of the fermentation broth. In conclusion, POP is beneficial to aged rats because it can regulate intestinal flora, promote the growth of probiotics, and inhibit the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- College of Medicine, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, China
- Ji’an Key Laboratory of Biomedicine, Ji’an, China
| | - Siyi Zhou
- College of Medicine, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, China
- Ji’an Key Laboratory of Biomedicine, Ji’an, China
| | - Mengting Yu
- College of Medicine, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, China
- Ji’an Key Laboratory of Biomedicine, Ji’an, China
| | - Yang Lu
- College of Medicine, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, China
- Ji’an Key Laboratory of Biomedicine, Ji’an, China
| | - Genhe He
- School of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, China
| | - Xiaoliu Huang
- College of Medicine, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, China
- Ji’an Key Laboratory of Biomedicine, Ji’an, China
| | - Yushan Huang
- Center for Evidence Based Medical and Clinical Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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169
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Huang M, Li ZX, Chen J, Chen L, Li YY. Extracts of Bauhinia Championii Alleviate Acute Neuronal Injury After Ischemic Reperfusion by Improving Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Neuronal Apoptosis. Curr Med Sci 2022; 42:483-490. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-022-2525-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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170
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Zheng Y, Zhang W, Xu L, Zhou H, Yuan M, Xu H. Recent Progress in Understanding the Action of Natural Compounds at Novel Therapeutic Drug Targets for the Treatment of Liver Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 11:795548. [PMID: 35155196 PMCID: PMC8825370 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.795548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related death following lung and stomach cancers. As a highly lethal disease, liver cancer is diagnosed frequently in less developed countries. Natural compounds extracted from herbs, animals and natural materials have been adopted by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practices and reported to be effective in the development of new medications for the treatment of diseases. It is important to focus on the mechanisms of action of natural compounds against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), particularly in terms of cell cycle regulation, apoptosis induction, autophagy mediation and cell migration and invasion. In this review, we characterize novel representative natural compounds according to their pharmacologic effects based on recently published studies. The aim of this review is to summarize and explore novel therapeutic drug targets of natural compounds, which could accelerate the discovery of new anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, China.,School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Man Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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171
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Xie J, Chen L, Tang Q, Wei W, Cao Y, Wu C, Hang J, Zhang K, Shi J, Wang M. A Necroptosis-Related Prognostic Model of Uveal Melanoma Was Constructed by Single-Cell Sequencing Analysis and Weighted Co-Expression Network Analysis Based on Public Databases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:847624. [PMID: 35242144 PMCID: PMC8886618 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.847624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uveal melanoma(UVM) is the most common intraocular malignancy and has a poor prognosis. The clinical significance of necroptosis(NCPS) in UVM is unclear. METHODS We first identified necroptosis genes in UVM by single-cell analysis of the GSE139829 dataset from the GEO database and weighted co-expression network analysis of TCGA data. COX regression and Lasso regression were used to construct the prognostic model. Then survival analysis, immune microenvironment analysis, and mutation analysis were carried out. Finally, cell experiments were performed to verify the role of ITPA in UVM. RESULT By necroptosis-related prognostic model, UVM patients in both TCGA and GEO cohorts could be classified as high-NCPS and low-NCPS groups, with significant differences in survival time between the two groups (P<0.001). Besides, the high-NCPS group had higher levels of immune checkpoint-related gene expression, suggesting that they might be more likely to benefit from immunotherapy. The cell experiments confirmed the role of ITPA, the most significant gene in the model, in UVM. After ITPA was knocked down, the activity, proliferation, and invasion ability of the MuM-2B cell line were significantly reduced. CONCLUSION Our study can provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with UVM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaheng Xie
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Fuyang Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Qikai Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Fuyang Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuyan Wu
- Rehabilitation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Hang
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingping Shi
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
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172
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Li T, Zhang X, Cheng L, Li C, Wu Z, Luo Y, Zhou K, Li Y, Zhao Q, Huang Y. Modulation of lncRNA H19 enhances resveratrol-inhibited cancer cell proliferation and migration by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:2205-2217. [PMID: 35166018 PMCID: PMC8995452 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The phytoalexin resveratrol exhibits anti-tumour activity in many types of cancer. In this study, we showed that resveratrol suppressed the survival of gastric tumour cells both in vivo and in vitro. Resveratrol promoted apoptosis, autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in a dose-dependent manner. RNA-seq analysis showed that multiple cell death signalling pathways were activated after resveratrol treatment, while the use of ER stress activators (tunicamycin and thapsigargin) in combinatorial with resveratrol led to further inhibition of cancer cell survival. Results also showed that resveratrol altered the expression of several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), including MEG3, PTTG3P, GAS5, BISPR, MALAT1 and H19. Knockdown of H19 in resveratrol-treated cells further enhanced the effects of resveratrol on apoptosis, ER stress and cell cycle S-phase arrest. Furthermore, the migratory ability of resveratrol-treated cells was dramatically decreased after H19 knockdown. In conclusion, resveratrol inhibited cancer cell survival, while knockdown of lncRNA H19 resulted in increased sensitivity to resveratrol therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianye Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Linglin Cheng
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunting Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zihan Wu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingqi Luo
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kunpeng Zhou
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanlin Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, China
| | - Yongye Huang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
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Mal’tseva VN, Goltyaev MV, Novoselov SV, Varlamova EG. Effects of Sodium Selenite and Dithiothreitol on Expression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Selenoproteins and Apoptosis Markers in MSF7 Breast Adenocarcinoma Cells. Mol Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893322010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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174
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Li R, Huang Y, Liao N, Wu C, Li Y. Oral cancer cells affect pancreatic β-cell function through transmissible endoplasmic reticulum stress. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2022; 40:22-31. [PMID: 38596989 PMCID: PMC8905273 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed to investigate whether oral cancer cells affect pancreatic β-cells function through transmissible endoplasmic reticulum stress (TERS). METHODS Tunicamycin (TM) was selected as the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) inducer. The human oral cancer cell lines CAl-27 and SCC-25 were selected as the donor cells, and mouse insulinoma 6 (MIN6) cell lines were chosen as the recipient cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot (WB) analysis were used to detect ERS markers and insulin expression. The TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method was applied to detect apoptosis levels. The clone formation method was utilized to detect cell proliferation capability. The secretory function of pancreatic β-cells was detected with an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit and a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) kit. RESULTS The MIN6 cells were subjected to TM stimulation. qPCR and WB analysis revealed that ERS markers were upregulated. This result implied that the MIN6 cells can induce ERS. The supernatant of oral cancer cells under ERS was added to the MIN6 cells. qPCR and WB analysis showed that the oral cancer cells that had been subjected to ERS could induce ERS in the MIN6 cells, that is, the phenomenon of TERS occurred. The TUNEL assay indicated that the apoptosis of the MIN6 cells increased under TERS. The clone formation assay demonstrated that the proliferation capability of the MIN6 cells decreased under TERS. qPCR and WB analysis revealed that under TERS, insulin synthesis by the MIN6 cells decreased and insulin synthesis was inhibited at the translation level. The ELISA and BCA kits demonstrated that insulin secretion by the MIN6 cells was reduced under TERS. CONCLUSIONS Oral cancer cells can affect pancreatic β-cells through TERS, resulting in increased apoptosis, decreased viability, and reduced insulin secretion and synthesis capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Head and Neck Oncology Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yingzhao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Head and Neck Oncology Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Nailin Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Head and Neck Oncology Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chenzhou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Head and Neck Oncology Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Head and Neck Oncology Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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175
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Zeng Y, Chen Y, Zhang S, Ren H, Xia J, Liu M, Shan B, Ren Y. Natural Products in Modulating Methamphetamine-Induced Neuronal Apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:805991. [PMID: 35058785 PMCID: PMC8764133 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.805991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH), an amphetamine-type psychostimulant, is highly abused worldwide. Chronic abuse of METH causes neurodegenerative changes in central dopaminergic neurons with numerous neuropsychiatric consequences. Neuronal apoptosis plays a critical role in METH-induced neurotoxicity and may provide promising pharmacological targets for preventing and treating METH addiction. In recent years, accumulating evidence has revealed that natural products may possess significant potentials to inhibit METH-evoked neuronal apoptosis. In this review, we summarized and analyzed the improvement effect of natural products on METH-induced neuronal apoptosis and their potential molecular mechanisms on modulating dopamine release, oxidative stress, mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway, endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptotic pathway, and neuroinflammation. Hopefully, this review may highlight the potential value of natural products in modulating METH-caused neuronal apoptosis and provide useful information for future research and developments of novel and efficacious pharmacotherapies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Zeng
- College of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, College of Basic Medicine, College of Nursing, College of Chinese Classics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunhui Chen
- College of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, College of Basic Medicine, College of Nursing, College of Chinese Classics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Su Zhang
- College of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, College of Basic Medicine, College of Nursing, College of Chinese Classics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Ren
- College of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, College of Basic Medicine, College of Nursing, College of Chinese Classics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jialin Xia
- College of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, College of Basic Medicine, College of Nursing, College of Chinese Classics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengnan Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Baozhi Shan
- School of Humanities, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yulan Ren
- College of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, College of Basic Medicine, College of Nursing, College of Chinese Classics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Brandão DC, Lima PMAP, Martins IC, Cordeiro CS, Cordeiro AO, Vecchi L, Guerra JFC, Orsolin PC, Gazolla MC, Costa DS, da Silva Filho AA, Araújo TG. Arrabidaea chica chloroform extract modulates estrogen and androgen receptors on luminal breast cancer cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:18. [PMID: 35057779 PMCID: PMC8773405 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03506-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast Cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women worldwide and, although 70% of patients are responsive to selective Estrogen Receptor (ER) modulators such as Tamoxifen (Tam), patients' survival is comprised by resistance to endocrine therapy. Brazilian flora, especially the Amazon biome, is one of the richest global sources of native species with potentially bioactive compounds. Arrabidaea chica is a plant native to the Amazon that has been used in the treatment of different diseases. However, its action on BC remains unclear. METHODS Herein the biological effects of the chloroform extract of A. chica (CEAC) were evaluated on BC cells and in in vivo model. After confirmation of CEAC antioxidant capacity, cells were treated with CEAC and Tam, alone and with CEAC+Tam. The cell viability was evaluated by MTT and hormone receptor transcripts levels were assessed (ESR1, ESR2 and AR). Finally, anticarcinogenicity of CEAC was recorded in Drosophila melanogaster through Epithelial Tumor Test (ETT). RESULTS The study confirmed the antioxidant activity of CEAC. CEAC was selective for MCF-7, downregulating ESR2 and AR transcripts and upregulating ESR2 expression. The modulatory effects of CEAC on ERs did not differ between cells treated with Tam and with CEAC+Tam. Interestingly, previous treatment with CEAC, followed by treatment with Tam promoted a significant decrease in cell viability. The extract also presented anticarcinogenic effect in in vivo assay. CONCLUSION The bioassays on breast tumor cells demonstrated the antiproliferative activity of the extract, which modulated the expression of hormone receptors and sensitized luminal tumor cells to Tam. These results suggest that CEAC could be a complementary treatment for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas C. Brandão
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Major Jerônimo, 566, Sala 601, Patos de Minas, MG 38700-002 Brazil
| | - Paula M. A. P. Lima
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Major Jerônimo, 566, Sala 601, Patos de Minas, MG 38700-002 Brazil
- Laboratory of Cytogenetic and Mutagenesis, University Center of Patos de Minas, Patos de Minas, MG Brazil
| | - Isabella C. Martins
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Major Jerônimo, 566, Sala 601, Patos de Minas, MG 38700-002 Brazil
| | - Carina S. Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Major Jerônimo, 566, Sala 601, Patos de Minas, MG 38700-002 Brazil
| | - Antonielle O. Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Major Jerônimo, 566, Sala 601, Patos de Minas, MG 38700-002 Brazil
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG Brazil
| | - Lara Vecchi
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG Brazil
| | - Joyce F. C. Guerra
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas, MG Brazil
| | - Priscila C. Orsolin
- Laboratory of Cytogenetic and Mutagenesis, University Center of Patos de Minas, Patos de Minas, MG Brazil
| | - Matheus C. Gazolla
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG Brazil
| | - Danilo S. Costa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG Brazil
| | - Ademar A. da Silva Filho
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG Brazil
| | - Thaise G. Araújo
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Major Jerônimo, 566, Sala 601, Patos de Minas, MG 38700-002 Brazil
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG Brazil
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XENOHORMESIS UNDERLYES THE ANTI-AGING AND HEALTHY PROPERTIES OF OLIVE POLYPHENOLS. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 202:111620. [PMID: 35033546 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The paper provides a comprehensive and foundational mechanistic framework of hormesis that establishes its centrality in medicine and public health. This hormetic framework is applied to the assessment of olive polyphenols with respect to their capacity to slow the onset and reduce the magnitude of a wide range of age-related disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease. It is proposed that olive polyphenol-induced anti-inflammatory protective effects are mediated in large part via the activation of AMPK and the upregulation of Nrf2 pathway. Consistently, herein we also review the importance of the modulation of Nrf2-related stress responsive vitagenes by olive polyphenols, which at low concentration according to the hormesis theory activates this neuroprotective cascade to preserve brain health and its potential use in the prevention and therapy against aging and age-related cognitive disorders in humans.
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178
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Shen Y, Yang F, Peng H, Zhang G, Zhu F, Xu H, Shi L. Anti-tumor effect of Yanggan Huayu granule by inducing AKT-mediated apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 282:114601. [PMID: 34487847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Yanggan Huayu granule (YGHY) is a formula of traditional Chinese medicine that has been widely used to treat patients with liver cancer. But its working mechanism is still poorly understood. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the anti-tumor effect of YGHY and its working mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS H22 mouse xenograft model was used to detect the effect of YGHY on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MTT and CCK8 assays were performed to assess the effect of YGHY on HCC cell growth. Transwell assay was performed to detect the invasion and migration activities of HCC cells. Effect of YGHY drug-contained serum on apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Western blot was performed to detect the protein expressions. RESULTS Results showed that YGHY inhibited tumor volume and weight, induced the apoptosis of HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells and increased the protein expressions of Cleaved-Caspase3 and Cleaved-PARP. Furthermore, YGHY significantly down-regulated the protein expression of p-AKT. SC79, as an activator of AKT signaling, was able to increase the expression of p-AKT, and regulate the protein expressions of Cleaved-Caspase3, Cleaved-PARP, BCL-2 and BAX. YGHY drug-contained serum negated the protein expression change provided by SC79. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, this data indicates that YGHY could inhibit HCC growth by inducing apoptosis, operating through AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shen
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyan Peng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangji Zhang
- TaiZhou Polytechnic College, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fangfang Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haojun Xu
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Le Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Li Y, Wang Y, Wang X, Jin L, Yang L, Zhu J, Wang H, Zheng F, Cui H, Li X, Jia Y. Evodiamine suppresses the progression of non-small cell lung carcinoma via endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis pathway in vivo and in vitro. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2022; 36:3946320221086079. [PMID: 35388733 PMCID: PMC9003648 DOI: 10.1177/03946320221086079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evodiamine (EVO) is one of the major components isolated from Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.). Recent studies have shown that EVO has an anti-cancer effect. However, the pharmacological mechanism by which EVO impacts cancer is still poorly understood. OBJECTIVES This study focused on asking the anti-cancer effect of EVO in human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), and in particular to investigate whether EVO acts via modulating the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-mediated apoptosis pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS A Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) tumor-bearing mouse model was treated with low-dose EVO (5 mg/kg) and high-dose EVO (10 mg/kg) intraperitoneally for 14 d. The effects of EVO on tumor growth, apoptosis, and ERS were assessed. In addition, NSCLC A549 and LLC cells were treated with EVO in vitro. The effects of EVO on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and ERS were investigated. Finally, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), an ERS inhibitor, was used to validate whether EVO induced apoptosis of NSCLC cells by modulating ERS. RESULTS EVO treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth in LLC tumor-bearing mice. H&E staining indicated that EVO treatment reduced the number of tumor cells and the nucleo-plasmic ratio. Immunostaining showed that EVO treatment significantly decreased the expression of Ki-67. TUNEL staining revealed that EVO induced apoptosis in the tumor. Likewise, EVO treatment up-regulated the expression of apoptosis-related genes and proteins and increased activation of the ERS pathway in the tumor. Additionally, EVO inhibited cell proliferation and increased cell apoptotic rates in A549 and LLC cells. EVO also increased the expression levels of genes and proteins associated with ERS-mediated apoptosis pathway in vitro. The effects of EVO on apoptosis were abolished by 4-PBA treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that EVO suppresses the progression of NSCLC by modulating the ERS-mediated apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,74770National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoqun Wang
- 74770National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lulu Jin
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Yang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinli Zhu
- 74770National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongwu Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Huantian Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, 12589Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaojiang Li
- 74770National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingjie Jia
- 74770National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Bian S, Liu M, Yang S, Lu S, Wang S, Bai X, Zhao D, Wang J. 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh2-induced apoptosis and protective autophagy in cervical cancer cells by inhibiting AMPK/mTOR pathway. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 86:92-103. [PMID: 34718401 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2) has various biological activities including anticancer effects. However, no reports have investigated the connection between autophagy and apoptosis in HeLa cells treated with 20(S)-GRh2. In this study, we found that 20(S)-GRh2 suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis in HeLa cells by activating the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and causing mitochondrial dysfunction. 20(S)-GRh2 enhanced cell autophagy through promoting the phosphorylation of AMPK, depressed the phosphorylation of AKT, and suppressed mTOR activity. Furthermore, treatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) enhanced 20(S)-GRh2-induced apoptosis, while the autophagy inducer rapamycin promoted cell survival. Moreover, the apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK significantly restrained the apoptosis and autophagy induced by 20(S)-GRh2 in HeLa cells. We found that 20(S)-ginsenoside Rh2-induced protective autophagy promotes apoptosis of cervical cancer cells by inhibiting AMPK/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Bian
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Meichen Liu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Song Yang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shuyan Lu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Siming Wang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xueyuan Bai
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
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181
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Baicalein Inhibits Metastatic Phenotypes in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells via a Focal Adhesion Protein Integrin β8. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 15:ph15010005. [PMID: 35056061 PMCID: PMC8780671 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Baicalein, a prominent flavonoid from the indigenous herbal plant Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, possesses broad-spectrum anticancer activities. However, the biological effects of baicalein on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its underlying mechanisms remain unclarified. Thus, in this study, we examined the effects of baicalein on NPC cell lines and investigated the corresponding molecular mechanism through transcriptome profiling. In the study, four NPC cell lines were treated with various concentrations of baicalein at different time points. Cellular toxicity and proliferative inhibition of baicalein were examined by MTT assay. Metastatic phenotypes of NPC cells were investigated by wound healing, transwell, and adhesion assays. Additionally, microarray experiments were performed to determine the cellular pathways affected by baicalein. The expression and localization of the integrin β8 were validated by western immunoblotting and immunofluorescence. Our results revealed that baicalein exhibited its cytotoxicity and antiproliferative activity on all tested NPC cell lines. It also significantly inhibited metastatic phenotypes at sub-lethal concentrations. Transcriptomic analysis showed that baicalein significantly affected the focal adhesion pathway in NPC, where integrin β8 was greatly diminished. Thus, the present study results suggested that baicalein inhibits the metastatic phenotypes of NPC cells by modulating integrin β8, one of the major molecules in a focal adhesion pathway.
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182
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Yu S, Gao L, Zhang C, Wang Y, Lan H, Chu Q, Li S, Zheng X. Glycine Ameliorates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Induced by Thapsigargin in Porcine Oocytes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:733860. [PMID: 34917610 PMCID: PMC8670231 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.733860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a multifunctional organelle in the cytoplasm that plays important roles in female mammalian reproduction. The endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria interact to maintain the normal function of cells by maintaining intracellular calcium homeostasis. As proven by previous research, glycine (Gly) can regulate the intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and enhance mitochondrial function to improve oocyte maturation in vitro. The effect of Gly on ER function during oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) is not clear. In this study, we induced an ER stress model with thapsigargin (TG) to explore whether Gly can reverse the ER stress induced by TG treatment and whether it is associated with calcium regulation. The results showed that the addition of Gly could improve the decrease in the average cumulus diameter, the first polar body excretion rate caused by TG-induced ER stress, the cleavage rate and the blastocyst rate. Gly supplementation could reduce the ER stress induced by TG by significantly improving the ER levels and significantly downregulating the expression of genes related to ER stress (Xbp1, ATF4, and ATF6). Moreover, Gly also significantly alleviated the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ m) to improve mitochondrial function in porcine oocytes exposed to TG. Furthermore, Gly reduced the [Ca2+]i and mitochondrial Ca2+ ([Ca2+]m) levels and restored the ER Ca2+ ([Ca2+]ER) levels in TG-exposed porcine oocytes. Moreover, we found that the increase in [Ca2+]i may be caused by changes in the distribution and expression of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor (IP3R1) and voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), while Gly can restore the distribution and expression of IP3R1 and VDAC1 to normal levels. Apoptosis-related indexes (Caspase 3 activity and Annexin-V) and gene expression Bax, Cyto C, and Caspase 3) were significantly increased in the TG group, but they could be restored by adding Gly. Our results suggest that Gly can ameliorate ER stress and apoptosis in TG-exposed porcine oocytes and can further enhance the developmental potential of porcine oocytes in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Lepeng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yumeng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hainan Lan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Qianran Chu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Suo Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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183
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Zheng D, Chen S, Cai K, Lei L, Wu C, Sun C, Deng Y, Yu C. Prodigiosin inhibits cholangiocarcinoma cell proliferation and induces apoptosis via suppressing SNAREs-dependent autophagy. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:658. [PMID: 34886869 PMCID: PMC8662868 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prodigiosin (PG), a natural red pigment produced by numerous bacterial species, has been a eye-catching research point in recent years for its anticancer activity. However, the role of PG in the cancer biology of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remains vague. Methods The proliferation of CCA cells was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8), Colony formation assay and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry assay and western blot assay. The effects of PG or SNAREs on cell autophagy were measured by autophagy flux assay and western blot assay. Xenograft mouse models were used to assess the role of PG in CCA cells in vivo. Results PG could inhibit the proliferation and viability of CCA cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner via suppressing the late stage of autophagy. Mechanistically, PG inhibits the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes by blocking STX17 and SNAP29, components of soluble N-ethyl-maleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs)complex. When STX17 and SNAP29 were overexpressed, the inhibitory effect of PG on CCA cells autophagy was relieved. In addition, PG showed obvious inhibitory effects on cancer cell viability but no toxic effects on organs in xenotransplantation models. Conclusion Taken together, our results demonstrated that PG inhibits CCA cell proliferation via suppressing SNAREs-dependent autophagy, implying that PG could be a potential chemotherapy drug for advanced CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dijie Zheng
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Diseases, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas and Spleen of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shiyu Chen
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Diseases, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas and Spleen of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kun Cai
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Diseases, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas and Spleen of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Linhan Lei
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Diseases, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas and Spleen of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chunchen Wu
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Diseases, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas and Spleen of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chengyi Sun
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Diseases, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas and Spleen of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yazhu Deng
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China. .,School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China. .,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
| | - Chao Yu
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China. .,School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China. .,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China. .,Guizhou Provincial Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Diseases, Guiyang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas and Spleen of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
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Anticancer effects of 7,8-dihydromethysticin in human leukemia cells are mediated via cell-cycle dysregulation, inhibition of cell migration and invasion and targeting JAK/STAT pathway. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2021; 71:645-655. [PMID: 36651559 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2021-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The main focus of this research work was to study the anti-cancer properties of 7,8-dihydromethysticin against HL-60 leukemia cells. Investigations were also performed to check its impact on the phases of the cell cycle, cell migration and invasion, JAK/STAT signalling pathway and intracellular mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cell proliferation was assessed through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and effects on colony formation were examined via clonogenic assay. Flow cytometry and Western blott analysis were performed to investigate the distribution of cell cycle phases. Flow cytometric analysis was performed for the examination of MMP and ROS production. The effect on JAK/STAT signalling pathway was examined through Western blot analysis. Results depicted that 7,8-dihydromethysticin induced concentration- as well as time-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation in leukemia HL-60 cells. Clonogenic assay indicated potential suppression in leukemia HL-60 cell colonies. The 7,8-dihydromethysticin molecule also caused cell cycle arrest at G2/M-phase along with concentration-dependent inhibition of cyclin B1, D1 and E. ROS and MMP measurements indicated significant ROS enhancement and MMP suppression with increasing 7,8-dihydromethysticin concentrations. Additionally, 7,8-dihydromethysticin led to remarkable dose-reliant inhibition of cell invasion as well as cell migration. Therefore, 7,8-dihydromethysticin should be considered a valuable candidate for leukemia research and chemoprevention.
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185
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Sun W, Wu C, Fan G, Hao G, Shi H, Zhang C. Preparation of a functional beverage with α-glucosidase inhibitory peptides obtained from ginkgo seeds. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 58:4495-4503. [PMID: 34629513 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04931-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To obtain α-glucosidase inhibitory peptides from ginkgo seeds and use it to develop beverages, papain hydrolysis was used to hydrolyze and extract ginkgo seed peptides. Through ultrafiltration and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography, peptide fragments which were molecular weight of < 10 KDa with high α-glucosidase inhibition rate were separated and purified to prepare beverages. At the same time, the A1, A2, B1, and B2 peptide fragments purified by semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography were analyzed for amino acid composition. All four peptide fragments have glutamate. Studies have shown that amino acids such as glutamate can promote postprandial insulin secretion and reduce glucose levels. The result indicates that the amino acid composition may be related to the inhibition rate of α-glucosidase. After orthogonal experiment design, analysis of variance and principal component analysis, when 5% xylitol and 0.3% citric acid were added, and the glycine content was 1.2%, the ginkgo polypeptides beverage had the best flavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Sun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037 Jiangsu China
| | - Caie Wu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037 Jiangsu China.,Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Gongjian Fan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037 Jiangsu China.,Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Gong Hao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037 Jiangsu China
| | - Hongjun Shi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037 Jiangsu China
| | - Can Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037 Jiangsu China
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186
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Kim TW, Ko SG. The Herbal Formula JI017 Induces ER Stress via Nox4 in Breast Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121881. [PMID: 34942984 PMCID: PMC8698338 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is a powerful anti-tumor therapeutic strategy; however, resistance to treatment remains a serious concern. To overcome chemoresistance, combination therapy with anticancer drugs is a potential strategy. We developed a novel herbal extract, JI017, with lower toxicity and lesser side effects. JI017 induced programmed cell death and excessive unfolded protein response through the release of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium in breast cancer cells. JI017 treatment increased the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers, including p-PERK, p-eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP, via the activation of both exosomal GRP78 and cell lysate GRP78. The ROS inhibitors diphenyleneiodonium and N-acetyl cysteine suppressed apoptosis and excessive ER stress by inhibiting Nox4 in JI017-treated breast cancer cells. Furthermore, in paclitaxel-resistant breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7R and MDA-MB-231R, a combination of JI017 and paclitaxel overcame paclitaxel resistance by blocking epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) processes, such as the downregulation of E-cadherin expression and the upregulation of HIF-1α, vimentin, Snail, and Slug expression. These findings suggested that JI017 exerts a powerful anti-cancer effect in breast cancer and a combination therapy of JI017 and paclitaxel may be a potential cancer therapy for paclitaxel resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-961-0329; Fax: +82-2-961-1165
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187
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Kulbay M, Paimboeuf A, Ozdemir D, Bernier J. Review of cancer cell resistance mechanisms to apoptosis and actual targeted therapies. J Cell Biochem 2021; 123:1736-1761. [PMID: 34791699 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The apoptosis pathway is a programmed cell death mechanism that is crucial for cellular and tissue homeostasis and organ development. There are three major caspase-dependent pathways of apoptosis that ultimately lead to DNA fragmentation. Cancerous cells are known to highly regulate the apoptotic pathway and its role in cancer hallmark acquisition has been discussed over the past decades. Numerous mutations in cancer cell types have been reported to be implicated in chemoresistance and treatment outcome. In this review, we summarize the mutations of the caspase-dependant apoptotic pathways that are the source of cancer development and the targeted therapies currently available or in trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Kulbay
- INRS - Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Adeline Paimboeuf
- INRS - Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Derman Ozdemir
- Department of Medicine, One Brooklyn Health-Brookdale Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Jacques Bernier
- INRS - Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Quebec, Canada
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188
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Maiuolo J, Gliozzi M, Carresi C, Musolino V, Oppedisano F, Scarano F, Nucera S, Scicchitano M, Bosco F, Macri R, Ruga S, Cardamone A, Coppoletta A, Mollace A, Cognetti F, Mollace V. Nutraceuticals and Cancer: Potential for Natural Polyphenols. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113834. [PMID: 34836091 PMCID: PMC8619660 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally, associated with multifactorial pathophysiological components. In particular, genetic mutations, infection or inflammation, unhealthy eating habits, exposition to radiation, work stress, and/or intake of toxins have been found to contribute to the development and progression of cancer disease states. Early detection of cancer and proper treatment have been found to enhance the chances of survival and healing, but the side effects of anticancer drugs still produce detrimental responses that counteract the benefits of treatment in terms of hospitalization and survival. Recently, several natural bioactive compounds were found to possess anticancer properties, capable of killing transformed or cancerous cells without being toxic to their normal counterparts. This effect occurs when natural products are associated with conventional treatments, thereby suggesting that nutraceutical supplementation may contribute to successful anticancer therapy. This review aims to discuss the current literature on four natural bioactive extracts mostly characterized by a specific polyphenolic profile. In particular, several activities have been reported to contribute to nutraceutical support in anticancer treatment: (1) inhibition of cell proliferation, (2) antioxidant activity, and (3) anti-inflammatory activity. On the other hand, owing to their attenuation of the toxic effect of current anticancer therapies, natural antioxidants may contribute to improving the compliance of patients undergoing anticancer treatment. Thus, nutraceutical supplementation, along with current anticancer drug treatment, may be considered for better responses and compliance in patients with cancer. It should be noted, however, that when data from studies with bioactive plant preparations are discussed, it is appropriate to ensure that experiments have been conducted in accordance with accepted pharmacological research practices so as not to disclose information that is only partially correct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Maiuolo
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Carresi
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Oppedisano
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Federica Scarano
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Saverio Nucera
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Miriam Scicchitano
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Bosco
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberta Macri
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Antonio Cardamone
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Annarita Coppoletta
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Annachiara Mollace
- Medical Oncology 1, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Cognetti
- Medical Oncology 1, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (M.G.); (C.C.); (V.M.); (F.O.); (F.S.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (R.M.); (S.R.); (A.C.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele, Via di Valcannuta 247, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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189
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Kim A, Ha J, Kim J, Cho Y, Ahn J, Cheon C, Kim SH, Ko SG, Kim B. Natural Products for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment: From Traditional Medicine to Modern Drug Discovery. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113801. [PMID: 34836055 PMCID: PMC8625071 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, the seventh most lethal cancer around the world, is considered complicated cancer due to poor prognosis and difficulty in treatment. Despite all the conventional treatments, including surgical therapy and chemotherapy, the mortality rate is still high. Therefore, the possibility of using natural products for pancreatic cancer is increasing. In this study, 68 natural products that have anti-pancreatic cancer effects reported within five years were reviewed. The mechanisms of anti-cancer effects were divided into four types: apoptosis, anti-metastasis, anti-angiogenesis, and anti-resistance. Most of the studies were conducted for natural products that induce apoptosis in pancreatic cancer. Among them, plant extracts such as Eucalyptus microcorys account for the major portion. Some natural products, including Moringa, Coix seed, etc., showed multi-functional properties. Natural products could be beneficial candidates for treating pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahyeon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (A.K.); (J.H.); (J.K.)
| | - Jiwon Ha
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (A.K.); (J.H.); (J.K.)
| | - Jeongeun Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (A.K.); (J.H.); (J.K.)
| | - Yongmin Cho
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (Y.C.); (J.A.); (S.-H.K.)
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (C.C.); (S.-G.K.)
| | - Jimyung Ahn
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (Y.C.); (J.A.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Chunhoo Cheon
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (C.C.); (S.-G.K.)
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (Y.C.); (J.A.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (C.C.); (S.-G.K.)
| | - Bonglee Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (A.K.); (J.H.); (J.K.)
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (Y.C.); (J.A.); (S.-H.K.)
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (C.C.); (S.-G.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-961-9217
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190
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Liu C, Xu J, Guo C, Chen X, Qian C, Zhang X, Zhou P, Yang Y. Gambogenic Acid Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Colorectal Cancer via the Aurora A Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:736350. [PMID: 34692693 PMCID: PMC8526855 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.736350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world and has a poor prognosis. In the present research, gambogenic acid (GNA), isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine gamboge, markedly induced apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation of CRC in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, GNA triggered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which subsequently activated inositol-requiring enzyme (IRE) 1α and the eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF) 2α pathway. Pretreatment with salubrinal (an eIF2α inhibitor) rescued GNA-induced cell death. Furthermore, GNA downregulated the expression of Aurora A. The Aurora A inhibitor alisertib decreased ER stress. In human colorectal adenocarcinoma tissue, Aurora A was upregulated compared to normal colorectal epithelial nuclei. Furthermore, GNA ameliorated mouse colitis-associated cancer models. Our findings demonstrated that GNA significantly inhibited the proliferation of CRC through activation of ER stress by regulating Aurora A, which indicates the potential of GNA for preventing the progression of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxin Xu
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenxu Guo
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xugang Chen
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunmei Qian
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pinghong Zhou
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifu Yang
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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191
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Zhang Y, Huang S, Yang G, Zou L, Huang X, Liu S. The Role of miRNAs during Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Induced Apoptosis in Digestive Cancer. J Cancer 2021; 12:6787-6795. [PMID: 34659567 PMCID: PMC8517994 DOI: 10.7150/jca.62352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Digestive cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality in the world. Despite a number of studies being conducted, the exact mechanism for treating digestive cancer has not yet been fully understood. To survive, digestive cancer cells are subjected to various internal and external adverse factors, such as hypoxia, nutritional deficiencies or drug toxicity, resulting in accumulation of misfolded and unfolded protein in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen further leading to ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR). During the last years, studies on the relationship between ER stress and microRNAs (miRNAs) has burst on the scene. miRNAs are non-coding RNAs with a length of 21~22nucleotides involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, which could be regarded as oncomiRs (tumor inducers) and tumor suppressors regulating cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis by differently affecting the expression of genes related to cancer cell signaling. Therefore, investigating the interaction between ER stress and miRNAs is crucial for developing effective cancer treatment and prevention strategies. In this review, we mainly discuss miRNAs focusing on its regulation, role in ER stress induced apoptosis in Digestive cancer, expound the underlying mechanism, thus provides a theoretical foundation for finding new therapeutic targets of digestive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.,Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.,Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.,Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Lianhong Zou
- Hunan Provincial Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410015, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.,Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Sulai Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410015, China
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192
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Malla RR, Padmaraju V, Marni R, Kamal MA. Natural products: Potential targets of TME related long non-coding RNAs in lung cancer. PHYTOMEDICINE 2021; 93:153782. [PMID: 34627097 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is a significant health concern worldwide due to high mortality and morbidity, despite the advances in diagnosis, treatment, and management. Recent experimental evidence from different models suggested long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as major modulators of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to support metastasis and drug resistance in lung cancer. Evidence-based studies demonstrated that natural products interfere with TME functions. PURPOSE OF STUDY To establish lncRNAs of TME as novel targets of natural compounds for lung cancer management. STUDY DESIGN Current study used a combination of TME and lung CSCs, lncRNAs and enrichment and stemness maintenance, natural products and stem cell management, natural products and lncRNAs, natural products and targeted delivery as keywords to retrieve the literature from Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar. This study critically reviewed the current literature and presented cancer stem cells' ability in reprogramming lung TME. RESULTS This review found that TME related oncogenic and tumor suppressor lncRNAs and their signaling pathways control the maintenance of stemness in lung TME. This review explored natural phenolic compounds and found that curcumin, genistein, quercetin epigallocatechin gallate and ginsenoside Rh2 are efficient in managing lung CSCs. They modulate lncRNAs and their upstream mediators by targeting signaling and epigenetic pathways. This review also identified relevant nanotechnology-based phytochemical delivery approaches for targeting lung cancer. CONCLUSION By critical literature analysis, TME related lncRNAs were identified as potential therapeutic targets, aiming to develop natural product-based therapeutics to treat metastatic and drug-resistant lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Rao Malla
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India; Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India.
| | - Vasudevaraju Padmaraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India
| | - Rakshmitha Marni
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India; Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- West China School of Nursing / Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Enzymoics, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
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193
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Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Is Not a Major Modulating Factor in the Cytotoxic Response to Natural Products in Cancer Cell Lines. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195858. [PMID: 34641401 PMCID: PMC8512490 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous natural products exhibit antiproliferative activity against cancer cells by modulating various biological pathways. In this study, we investigated the potential use of eight natural compounds (apigenin, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, fisetin, forskolin, procyanidin B2, resveratrol, urolithin A) and two repurposed agents (fulvestrant and metformin) as chemotherapy enhancers and mesenchymal-to-epithelial (MET) inducers of cancer cells. Screening of these compounds in various colon, breast, and pancreatic cancer cell lines revealed anti-cancer activity for all compounds, with curcumin being the most effective among these in all cell lines. Although some of the natural products were able to induce MET in some cancer cell lines, the MET induction was not related to increased synergy with either 5-FU, irinotecan, gemcitabine, or gefitinib. When synergy was observed, for example with curcumin and irinotecan, this was unrelated to MET induction, as assessed by changes in E-cadherin and vimentin expression. Our results show that MET induction is compound and cell line specific, and that MET is not necessarily related to enhanced chemosensitivity.
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194
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Trapika IGMGSC, Liu XT, Chung LH, Lai F, Xie C, Zhao Y, Cui S, Chen J, Tran C, Wang Q, Zhang S, Don AS, Li GQ, Hanrahan JR, Qi Y. Ceramide Regulates Anti-Tumor Mechanisms of Erianin in Androgen-Sensitive and Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:738078. [PMID: 34604081 PMCID: PMC8484793 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.738078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most prevalent malignancy worldwide. In the early stages, the development of prostate cancer is dependent on androgens. Over time with androgen deprivation therapy, 20% of prostate cancers progress to a castration-resistant form. Novel treatments for prostate cancers are still urgently needed. Erianin is a plant-derived bibenzyl compound. We report herein that erianin exhibits anti-tumor effects in androgen-sensitive and castration-resistant prostate cancer cells through different mechanisms. Erianin induces endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated apoptosis in androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cells. It also triggers pro-survival autophagic responses, as inhibition of autophagy predisposes to apoptosis. In contrast, erianin fails to induce apoptosis in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells. Instead, it results in cell cycle arrest at the M phase. Mechanistically, C16 ceramide dictates differential responses of androgen-sensitive and castration-resistant prostate cancer cells to erianin. Erianin elevates C16 ceramide level in androgen-sensitive but not castration-resistant prostate cancer cells. Overexpression of ceramide synthase 5 that specifically produces C16 ceramide enables erianin to induce apoptosis in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells. Our study provides both experimental evidence and mechanistic data showing that erianin is a potential treatment option for prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Gusti Md Gde Surya C. Trapika
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia,School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Xin Tracy Liu
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Long Hoa Chung
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Felcia Lai
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia,School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Chanlu Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Chinese Medicine Anti-Cancer Evaluation Program, Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaohui Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Biorescources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, China
| | - Jinbiao Chen
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Collin Tran
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Qian Wang
- Translational Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences and Prince of Wales Clinical School, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shubiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Biorescources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, China
| | - Anthony S. Don
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia,School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - George Qian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Jane R. Hanrahan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia,*Correspondence: Yanfei Qi, ; Jane R. Hanrahan,
| | - Yanfei Qi
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia,*Correspondence: Yanfei Qi, ; Jane R. Hanrahan,
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195
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Prakash O, Singh R, Singh N, Usmani S, Arif M, Kumar R, Ved A. Anticancer potential of Naringenin, Biosynthesis, Molecular target, and structural perspectives. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:758-769. [PMID: 34517796 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210913112733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Numerous novel medicinal agents isolated from plant sources were used as indigenous remedies for the management and treatment of various types of cancer diseases. Naringenin is a naturally occurring flavanone glycoside and aglycone (genin) moiety of naringin, predominantly found in citrus and grapefruits, has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent for the management of a variety of diseases. A huge number of scientific papers have been published on naringenin describing its detailed studies and its therapeutic application in different diseases. The current study highlights, a comprehensive study on naringenin concerning its biosynthesis, molecular targets/pathways involved in carcinogenesis, mechanism of actions (MOAs), and structure-activity relationships (SARs), and patents granted have been highlighted. Naringenin and its derivatives has remarkable anti-cancer activity due to their inhibitory potential against diverse targets namely ABCG2/P-gp/BCRP, 5a-reductase, 17-bhydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, aromatase, proteasome, HDAC/Situin-1, VEGF, VEGFR-2 kinase, MMP-2/9, JAK/STAT signaling pathways, CDC25B, tubulin, topoisomerase-II, cathepsin-K, Wnt, NF-kB, B-Raf and mTOR, etc. With the huge knowledge of molecular targets, structural intuition, and SARs, the current study may be beneficial to design more potent, safe, effective, and economic anti-cancer naringenin. This is concluded that naringenin is a promising natural product for the management and therapy of cancer. Further evolution for pharmacological importance, clinical research, and trials are required to manifest its therapeutic action on metabolic syndrome in the human community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om Prakash
- Goel Institute of Pharmacy and Sciences, Faizabad Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. India
| | - Ruchi Singh
- Yash Raj Institute of Pharmacy, Baghamau, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. India
| | - Namrata Singh
- Goel Institute of Pharmaceutical and Sciences, Faizabad Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. India
| | - Shazia Usmani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. India
| | - Mohd Arif
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ashoka Institute of Technology & Management, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. India
| | - Akash Ved
- Goel Institute of Pharmaceutical and Sciences, Faizabad Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. India
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196
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Sharma N, Biswas S, Al-Dayan N, Alhegaili AS, Sarwat M. Antioxidant Role of Kaempferol in Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1419. [PMID: 34573051 PMCID: PMC8470426 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are noxious to cells because their increased level interacts with the body's defense mechanism. These species also cause mutations and uncontrolled cell division, resulting in oxidative stress (OS). Prolonged oxidative stress is responsible for incorrect protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), causing a stressful condition, ER stress. These cellular stresses (oxidative stress and ER stress) are well-recognized biological factors that play a prominent role in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC is a critical global health problem and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The application of anti-oxidants from herbal sources significantly reduces oxidative stress. Kaempferol (KP) is a naturally occurring, aglycone dietary flavonoid that is present in various plants (Crocus sativus, Coccinia grandis, Euphorbia pekinensis, varieties of Aloe vera, etc.) It is capable of interacting with pleiotropic proteins of the human body. Efforts are in progress to develop KP as a potential candidate to prevent HCC with no adverse effects. This review emphasizes the molecular mechanism of KP for treating HCC, targeting oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Sharma
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Subhrajit Biswas
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Noura Al-Dayan
- Medical Laboratory Department, Applied Medical Science, Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj 16278, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.-D.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Alaa Saud Alhegaili
- Medical Laboratory Department, Applied Medical Science, Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj 16278, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.-D.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Maryam Sarwat
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India;
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197
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Advances and challenges in cancer treatment and nutraceutical prevention: the possible role of dietary phenols in BRCA regulation. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11101-021-09771-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AbstractOver the years, the attention towards the role of phytochemicals in dietary natural products in reducing the risk of developing cancer is rising. Cancer is the second primary cause of mortality worldwide. The current therapeutic options for cancer treatment are surgical excision, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Unfortunately, in case of metastases or chemoresistance, the treatment options become very limited. Despite the advances in medical and pharmaceutical sciences, the impact of available treatments on survival is not satisfactory. Recently, natural products are a great deal of interest as potential anti-cancer agents. Among them, phenolic compounds have gained a great deal of interest, thanks to their anti-cancer activity. The present review focuses on the suppression of cancer by targeting BRCA gene expression using dietary polyphenols, as well as the clinical aspects of polyphenolic agents in cancer therapy. They regulate specific key processes involved in cancer progression and modulate the expression of oncogenic proteins, like p27, p21, and p53, which may lead to apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of cell proliferation, and, consequently, cancer suppression. Thus, one of the mechanisms underlying the anti-cancer activity of phenolics involves the regulation of tumor suppressor genes. Among them, the BRCA genes, with the two forms (BRCA-1 and BRCA-2), play a pivotal role in cancer protection and prevention. BRCA germline mutations are associated with an increased risk of developing several types of cancers, including ovarian, breast, and prostate cancers. BRCA genes also play a key role in the sensitivity and response of cancer cells to specific pharmacological treatments. As the importance of BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 in reducing cancer invasiveness, repairing DNA damages, oncosoppression, and cell cycle checkpoint, their regulation by natural molecules has been examined.
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198
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Yu C, Yang B, Najafi M. Targeting of cancer cell death mechanisms by curcumin: Implications to cancer therapy. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 129:397-415. [PMID: 34473898 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is known as a second major cause of death globally. Nowadays, several modalities have been developed for the treatment of cancer. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the most common modalities in most countries. However, newer modalities such as immunotherapy and targeted therapy drugs can kill cancer cells with minimal side effects. All anticancer agents work based on the killing of cancer cells. Numerous studies are ongoing to kill cancer cells more effectively without increasing side effects to normal tissues. The combination modalities with low toxic agents are interesting for this aim. Curcumin is one of the most common herbal agents that has shown several anticancer properties. It can regulate immune system responses against cancer. Furthermore, curcumin has been shown to potentiate cell death signalling pathways and attenuate survival signalling pathways in cancer cells. The knowledge of how curcumin induces cell death in cancers can improve therapeutic efficiency. In this review, the regulatory effects of curcumin on different cell death mechanisms and their signalling pathways will be discussed. Furthermore, we explain how curcumin may potentiate the anticancer effects of other drugs or radiotherapy through modulation of apoptosis, mitotic catastrophe, senescence, autophagy and ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Engineering Research Center for Medicine, Harbin University of Commerce, Engineering Research Center of Natural Anticancer Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Engineering Research Center for Medicine, Harbin University of Commerce, Engineering Research Center of Natural Anticancer Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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199
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Song P, Huang H, Ma Y, Wu C, Yang X, Choi HY. Davidone C Induces the Death of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Promoting Apoptosis and Autophagy. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175219. [PMID: 34500653 PMCID: PMC8434093 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Davidone C is a newly discovered flavonoid compound purified from the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of Sophora davidii (Franch.) Skeels. This study explored the anti-tumor activity of davidone C on hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 and Bel-7402 cells and its mechanism through MTT method, morphological observation, flow cytometry and Western blotting. The results showed that davidone C significantly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 and Bel-7402 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The morphological changes of apoptotic cells can be observed under an inverted microscope, such as cell floating, chromosome condensation, apoptotic bodies, and other phenomena. The expressions of Bax, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP increased with the increase of dosage while Bcl-2 decreased, suggesting that the apoptotic mechanism might be related to the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Moreover, davidone C administration can down-regulate the expression of Grp78, and simultaneously up-regulate the expression of caspase-7 and caspase-12, indicating that the apoptotic mechanism might be related to the ERS pathway. In addition, davidone C can down-regulate the expression of p62, and simultaneously up-regulate the expression of LC3-I and LC3-II with a quantitative dependence, suggesting that the mechanism of apoptosis may be related to the autophagy signal pathway. All these results showed davidone C has potential effects on hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, China;
| | - Huiqi Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China; (H.H.); (Y.M.); (C.W.)
| | - Yuanren Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China; (H.H.); (Y.M.); (C.W.)
| | - Chaoqun Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China; (H.H.); (Y.M.); (C.W.)
| | - Xinzhou Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China; (H.H.); (Y.M.); (C.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (H.-Y.C.); Tel.: +86-27-6784-1196 (X.Y.); +82-2-9619372 (H.-Y.C.)
| | - Ho-Young Choi
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (H.-Y.C.); Tel.: +86-27-6784-1196 (X.Y.); +82-2-9619372 (H.-Y.C.)
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200
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Ye H, Meng Y. Honokiol regulates endoplasmic reticulum stress by promoting the activation of the sirtuin 1-mediated protein kinase B pathway and ameliorates high glucose/high fat-induced dysfunction in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Endocr J 2021; 68:981-992. [PMID: 33952780 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej20-0747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Honokiol plays an important role in anti-oxidation, but its role in diabetic vascular complications is unclear. In this study, the effects of honokiol in high glucose/high fat (HG/HF)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were explored. After pre-treatment with honokiol, the cells were transferred to an HG/HF medium, and cell viability and apoptosis were respectively measured by methyl tetrazolium and flow cytometry. Moreover, the contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured. The expressions of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), phosphorylated-protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (p-PERK), phosphorylated-inositol requiring enzyme-1α (p-IRE1α), cleaved caspase-3 and SIRT1 were determined by Western blot or quantitative reverse transcription PCR, respectively. Finally, the viability, apoptosis, and the contents of ROS, MDA, and SOD, as well as the expressions of CHOP, GRP78, p-PERK, p-IRE1α, cleaved caspase-3, Akt, p-Akt, and SIRT1 in the cells transfected with small interfering RNA SIRT1 (siSIRT1) were detected by the previously mentioned methods. Honokiol reversed the effect of HG/HF on promoting cell apoptosis, ROS and MDA contents, and the expressions of CHOP, GRP78, p-PERK, p-IRE1α and cleaved caspase-3, and also reversed the inhibitory effect of HG/HF on cell viability, SOD content and SIRT1 expression. However, siSIRT1 reversed the above effects caused by honokiol. Honokiol activated SIRT1 promoter. SIRT1 interacted with Akt, consequently promoting the activity of Akt. Therefore, honokiol activates the Akt pathway by regulating SIRT1 expression to regulate endoplasmic reticulum stress, promotes cell viability and inhibits the apoptosis of HG/HF-induced HUVECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei City, Anhui Province, 230000, China
| | - Ying Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Hefei Binhu Hospital, Hefei City, Anhui Province, 230011, China
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