151
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Onat T, Demir Caltekin M, Turksoy VA, Baser E, Aydogan Kirmizi D, Kara M, Yalvac ES. The Relationship Between Heavy Metal Exposure, Trace Element Level, and Monocyte to HDL Cholesterol Ratio with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:1306-1315. [PMID: 33219922 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02499-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to assess the levels of heavy metals (cadmium, lead, antimony, mercury, and arsenic), which are also called endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and trace elements (chromium-III, chromium-VI, zinc, copper, and selenium) vs. monocyte to HDL ratio among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A total of 112 pregnant women (60 with GDM and 52 healthy women) were included in this case-control study. Analysis of heavy metals and trace elements were performed in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Heavy metals (cadmium, lead, antimony, mercury, and arsenic), trace elements (chromium-III, chromium-VI, zinc, copper, and selenium), and metabolic parameters were assessed in both groups. It was determined that the levels of cadmium, lead, antimony, and copper were higher (p < 0.05) and levels of chromium-III, zinc, and selenium were lower (p < 0.05) among the GDM group compared to the control group, whereas there was a statistically insignificant difference between the two groups, regarding the levels of copper, mercury, and arsenic (p > 0.05). Moreover, the monocyte to HDL ratio was higher in the GDM group (p < 0.05), and the insulin resistance was significantly higher as well (p < 0.05). The results of our study demonstrated that environmental factors could be effective in the etiology of GDM. Toxic heavy metals, through inducing Cu, OS, and chronic inflammation, and other trace elements, either directly by impacting insulin secretion or through weakening the body's antioxidant defense system, could play a role in the occurrence of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylan Onat
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Yozgat Bozok University Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey.
| | - Melike Demir Caltekin
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Yozgat Bozok University Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Vugar Ali Turksoy
- Department of Public Health Yozgat, Yozgat Bozok University Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Emre Baser
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Yozgat Bozok University Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Demet Aydogan Kirmizi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Yozgat Bozok University Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kara
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Kirsehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of Medicine, Kirsehir, Turkey
| | - Ethem Serdar Yalvac
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Yozgat Bozok University Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey
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152
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Chen Y, Huang H, He X, Duan W, Mo X. Sex differences in the link between blood cobalt concentrations and insulin resistance in adults without diabetes. Environ Health Prev Med 2021; 26:42. [PMID: 33773581 PMCID: PMC8005238 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-021-00966-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about the effects of environmental cobalt exposure on insulin resistance (IR) in the general adult population. We investigated the association between cobalt concentration and IR. Methods A total of 1281 subjects aged more than 20 years with complete blood cobalt data were identified from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015–2016 cycle. Blood cobalt levels were analyzed for their association with IR among all populations and subgroups by sex. Regression coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of blood cobalt concentrations in association with fasting glucose, insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were estimated using multivariate linear regression after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, alcohol consumption, body mass index, education level, and household income. A multivariate generalized linear regression analysis was further carried out to explore the association between cobalt exposure and IR. Results A negative association between blood cobalt concentration (coefficient = − 0.125, 95% CI − 0.234, − 0.015; P = 0.026) and HOMA-IR in female adults in the age- and sex-adjusted model was observed. However, no associations with HOMA-IR, fasting glucose, or insulin were found in the overall population. In the generalized linear models, participants with the lowest cobalt levels had a 2.74% (95% CI 0.04%, 5.50%) increase in HOMA-IR (P for trend = 0.031) compared with subjects with the highest cobalt levels. Restricted cubic spline regression suggested that a non-linear relationship may exist between blood cobalt and HOMA-IR. Conclusions These results provide epidemiological evidence that low levels of blood cobalt are negatively associated with HOMA-IR in female adults. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12199-021-00966-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Haobin Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaowei He
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism/Diabetes Care and Research Center, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Geriatric Hospital/Jiangsu Province Geriatric Hospital, Jiangsu Province Official Hospital/Jiangsu Province Institute of Geriatrics, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwei Duan
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Xuming Mo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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153
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Vervuert I, Stratton-Phelps M. The Safety and Efficacy in Horses of Certain Nutraceuticals that Claim to Have Health Benefits. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2021; 37:207-222. [PMID: 33618951 DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Equine nutraceuticals are promoted as useful therapies to help optimize health and athletic performance, often without the benefit of independent research to support product efficacy and safety. This review focuses on 4 main categories of equine supplements that are frequently used as nutraceuticals: (i) supplements to support metabolic health, (ii) gastric support products, (iii) common ingredients that are included in supplements designed to support hoof health, and (iv) supplements to support joint health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Vervuert
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Nutrition Diseases and Dietetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, An den Tierkliniken 9, Leipzig 04103, Germany.
| | - Meri Stratton-Phelps
- All Creatures Veterinary Nutrition Consulting, 3407 Millbrook Court, Fairfield, CA 94534, USA
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154
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Association of Serum Levels of Zinc, Copper, and Iron with Risk of Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020548. [PMID: 33562398 PMCID: PMC7914992 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between serum concentrations of zinc, copper, or iron and the risk of metabolic syndrome are inconclusive. Therefore, we conduct a case-control study to explore the relationship between serum levels of zinc, copper, or iron and metabolic syndrome as well as each metabolic factor and insulin resistance. We enrolled 1165 adults, aged ≥ 40 (65.8 ± 10) years in a hospital-based population to compare the serum levels of zinc, copper, and iron between subjects with and without metabolic syndrome by using multivariate logistic regression analyses. The least square means were computed by general linear models to compare serum concentrations of zinc, copper, and iron in relation to the number of metabolic factors. The mean serum concentrations of zinc, copper, and iron were 941.91 ± 333.63 μg/L, 1043.45 ± 306.36 μg/L, and 1246.83 ± 538.13 μg/L, respectively. The odds ratios (ORs) of metabolic syndrome for the highest versus the lowest quartile were 5.83 (95% CI: 3.35-10.12; p for trend < 0.001) for zinc, 2.02 (95% CI: 1.25-3.25; p for trend: 0.013) for copper, and 2.11 (95% CI: 1.24-3.62; p for trend: 0.021) for iron after adjusting for age, sex, personal habits, body mass index, and homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance. Additionally, the serum zinc, copper, and iron concentrations increased as the number of metabolic factors rose (p for trend < 0.001). This was the first study to clearly demonstrate that higher serum levels of zinc, copper, and iron were associated with the risk of metabolic syndrome and the number of metabolic factors independent of BMI and insulin resistance.
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155
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Luo X, Cai WY, Ma HL, Cong J, Chang H, Gao JS, Shen WJ, Wang Y, Yang XM, Wu XK. Associations of Serum Magnesium With Insulin Resistance and Testosterone in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:683040. [PMID: 34248844 PMCID: PMC8261149 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.683040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article aimed to investigate whether serum magnesium is associated with insulin resistance index and testosterone level in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Overall 1000 women with PCOS were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial and a cross-sectional analysis of the association of serum magnesium with glucose metabolism markers and testosterone was performed. Serum magnesium, glucose metabolism markers and testosterone were measured. Insulin resistance was evaluated by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Multivariable linear regression and logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between serum magnesium, insulin resistance and testosterone. RESULTS In comparative analyses, women with higher quartile of serum magnesium had significantly lower fasting glucose, HOMA-IR and testosterone. Multiple linear regression showed serum magnesium was independently negatively associated with insulin, glucose, HOMA-IR, testosterone and positively associated with QUICKI (P for trend <0.05) after adjusting confounding covariates. Logistic regression showed serum magnesium in quartile 1 and 2 were independently associated with insulin resistance status (Quartile 1: OR: 2.15, 95%CI: 1.35-3.40, P = 0.001; Quartile 2: OR: 1.90, 95%CI: 1.20-3.02, P = 0.006), while quartile 1 was marginally associated with hyperandrogenemia status (Quartile 1: OR: 1.45, 95%CI: 0.99-2.11, P = 0.055) after adjusting confounding covariates. CONCLUSION The current findings suggest that lower serum magnesium was associated with aggravated insulin resistance and higher testosterone levels among women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wang-Yu Cai
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Hong-Li Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Cong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jing-Shu Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Wen-Juan Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xin-Ming Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Xin-Ming Yang, ; Xiao-Ke Wu,
| | - Xiao-Ke Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Xin-Ming Yang, ; Xiao-Ke Wu,
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156
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Disease Ionomics: Understanding the Role of Ions in Complex Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228646. [PMID: 33212764 PMCID: PMC7697569 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionomics is a novel multidisciplinary field that uses advanced techniques to investigate the composition and distribution of all minerals and trace elements in a living organism and their variations under diverse physiological and pathological conditions. It involves both high-throughput elemental profiling technologies and bioinformatic methods, providing opportunities to study the molecular mechanism underlying the metabolism, homeostasis, and cross-talk of these elements. While much effort has been made in exploring the ionomic traits relating to plant physiology and nutrition, the use of ionomics in the research of serious diseases is still in progress. In recent years, a number of ionomic studies have been carried out for a variety of complex diseases, which offer theoretical and practical insights into the etiology, early diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of them. This review aims to give an overview of recent applications of ionomics in the study of complex diseases and discuss the latest advances and future trends in this area. Overall, disease ionomics may provide substantial information for systematic understanding of the properties of the elements and the dynamic network of elements involved in the onset and development of diseases.
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157
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Robberecht H, Verlaet AAJ, Breynaert A, De Bruyne T, Hermans N. Magnesium, Iron, Zinc, Copper and Selenium Status in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194440. [PMID: 32992575 PMCID: PMC7583976 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we critically review the literature concerning the relation of Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu and Se and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Elemental status is estimated using peripheral blood parameters, hair, urine, daily intake and response to supplementation. The observed associations between concentration levels of the elements Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu and Se and ADHD symptoms are contradictory. This is partly due to the heterogeneity and complexity of the disorder. As a trend, lower ferritin and zinc levels can be observed. However, this correlation is not causative, as illustrated by placebo-controlled trials reporting conflicting evidence on the efficacy of supplementation. Well-defined studies on changes in concentration levels of the elements in relation to ADHD symptoms before and after treatment with therapeutics it will be possible to shed more light on the significance of these elements in this behavioral disorder. The discussion on whether a change in concentration of an element is cause or consequence of ADHD is not within the scope of this article.
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